Operator's Manual

Radical-7 Chapter 1: Technology Overview
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General Description for Total Hemoglobin (SpHb)
Pulse CO-Oximetry is a continuous and noninvasive method of measuring
the levels of total hemoglobin (SpHb) in arterial blood. It relies on the
same principles of pulse oximetry to make its SpHb measurement. The
measurement is taken by a sensor capable of measuring SpHb, usually on
the fingertip for adults and pediatric patients.
The sensor connects directly to the Pulse CO-Oximeter or with a patient
cable. The sensor collects signal data from the patient and sends it to the
device. The device displays the calculated data as measurement of total
hemoglobin concentration.
Successful Monitoring for SpHb
A stable SpHb reading is associated with correct sensor placement, small
physiological changes during the measurement and acceptable levels of
arterial perfusion at the measurement site. Physiological changes at the
measurement site are mainly caused by fluctuations in the oxygen
saturation, blood concentration and perfusion. See
Warnings and
Cautions on page 15 and Troubleshooting Measurements on page 171.
General Description for Total Arterial Oxygen Content (CaO2)
Oxygen (O
2
) is carried in the blood in two forms, either dissolved in
plasma or combined with hemoglobin. The amount of oxygen in the
arterial blood is termed the oxygen content (CaO
2
) and is measured in
units of ml O
2
/dL blood. One gram of hemoglobin (Hb) can carry 1.34 ml
of oxygen, whereas 100 ml of blood plasma may carry approximately 0.3
ml of oxygen*. The oxygen content is determined mathematically as: