Shell Eco-marathon Official Rules 2011 CHAPTER I
FOREWORD These Official Rules are designed to enable safe, technically sound and fair competitions. They intentionally leave many design parameters, technologies and tactics unspecified in order to stimulate creativity and allow for a competition of novel ideas and solutions.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 - ORGANISATION 5 Article 1: Acceptance 5 Article 2: Entries 5 Article 3: Track Access Conditions 5 Article 4: Identification 6 Article 5: Compliance 6 Article 6: Timekeeping 6 Article 7: Protests 7 Article 8: Disputes 7 Article 9: Penalties 7 2 - SAFETY 8 Article 10: Safety Rules 8 Article 11: Driving Knowledge and Test 8 Article 12: Driving under the Influence of Alcohol / Illegal Substances 8 Article 13: Briefing 9 Article 14: Access to the Track and Test Lap 9 Article 15: Pushing the
3B - UrbanConcept Group Article 45: Definition Article 46: deleted Article 47: Vehicle Design Article 48: Dimensions Article 49: Vehicle Body Article 50: Chassis / Monocoque Solidity Article 51: Engine and Fuel System Isolation from the Driver Article 52: Fire Extinguisher Article 53: Visibility Article 54: Safety Belts Article 55: Vehicle Access Article 56: Vehicle Steering / Handling and Turning Radius Article 57: Wheels Article 58: Tyres Article 59: Lighting Article 60: Horn Article 61: Driver Position A
1 - ORGANISATION Article 1: Acceptance The entry forms must be sent completed, with all necessary documents, to the Organisers who will accept Teams based on the quality of the proposed entry packet. All decisions by the Organisers regarding the acceptance of Teams are final. By fact of their entry, participants accept all the provisions of the present Official Rules and agree to abide by all decisions made by the Shell Eco-marathon Organisers.
Article 4: Identification Logos, official partner streamers and racing numbers must be fixed to the vehicle body in accordance with the diagram provided (see Chapter II) such that they can be clearly read during any public presentation, in promotional films and on all photographs for team use, school use, press or promotional material. Under no circumstances may the Shell logos, the partner streamers or racing numbers be modified, either on the vehicle or on any other documentation.
----------- PROTESTS AND DISPUTES ------------------ Article 7: Protests The Team Manager is the only person authorised to lodge protests. Protests must be brought to the attention of the Technical Manager via the results desk. Depending on the nature protests must be lodged within the following times: • Vehicles: before track closure on the current day • Team and Driver behaviour: within 30 minutes following the end of the attempt. • Results: within 1 hour after the result of an attempt has been posted.
2 - SAFETY Article 10: Safety Rules As with any Motorsport activity there should be an understanding that certain inherent risks will be present. Recognising and controlling these risks are vital for the well being of people and local surroundings. Safety is an essential consideration for the event Organisers. These Rules are to protect all individuals and surrounding areas and are in no way intended to curtail the spirit of the competition.
Article 13: Briefing The attendance of any briefing sessions by the Organiser is mandatory for Team Managers and Drivers. Scheduled briefings will be posted at the track. Article 14: Access to the Track and Test Lap Vehicles must pass a safety inspection prior to accessing the track for practice runs. A safety sticker will be clearly affixed once the vehicle has passed the inspection. For practice runs, only vehicles with a safety sticker will be allowed on the track.
Article 20: Off-track vehicle movements All vehicles must be parked inside the designated paddock area or directly in front of it. When off the track, vehicles must be moved without the use of the engine. They must be pushed or pulled. Test-driving in the paddock area is forbidden. Race Marshals will notify the Race Director of any breaches and any unsafe or unfair behaviour.
Article 23A: Driver Comfort Please note that in the event of hot weather conditions high temperatures could be attained inside the vehicle, potentially affecting Driver comfort and / or causing heat stress. • It is recommended to properly ventilate the inside of the vehicle to provide cooling to the Driver. • It is recommended to provide sufficient drinking liquids to the driver for the duration of an attempt. If fluid containers are provided to the driver(s), these containers must be hands free, e.g.
3 – VEHICLE DESIGN 3A – Prototype Group Article 25: Vehicle Design During vehicle design, construction and competition planning, participating Teams must pay particular attention to all aspects of safety, i.e. Driver safety, the safety of other Team members and spectator safety. • Vehicles must have three or four running wheels, which under normal running conditions must be all in continuous contact with the road.
Article 28: Visibility The Driver must have access to a direct arc of visibility (ahead, and to) 90° on each side of the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. This field of vision must be achieved without aid of any optical (or electronic) devices such as mirrors, prisms, periscopes, etc. Movement of the Driver’s head within the confines of the vehicle body to achieve a complete arc of vision is allowed.
Article 33: • • • • • Engine and Fuel System Isolation from the Driver A permanent Bulkhead must completely separate the vehicle’s propulsion and energy storage systems from the driver’s compartment. This means engines, fuel cells, fuel tanks, batteries, hydrogen cylinders, super capacitors, etc. must be placed outside the driver’s compartment behind the bulk head.
This is required to protect driver or technician when working on the car in the event of the chain or belt breaking. It must be made of metal or composite material rigid enough to withstand a break. Article 37: • • • • Wheels, Axles and Wheel Hubs All types of wheels are allowed. Any type of wheel rim may be used. Rims must be compatible with the dimensions of the selected tyres in order to satisfy safety standards.
Article 41: • • • Exhaust System The exhaust gases must be evacuated outside the vehicle body. Exhaust pipes must not extend beyond the rear of the vehicle body. All vehicles are expected to comply with reasonable environmental standards, e.g. amount of smoke and odour emitted. Article 42: Sound Level The sound level for a Prototype vehicle must not exceed 90dB when measured 4 metres away from the vehicle.
• • Article 48: • • • • • • • • Article 49: 5cm or greater, alternatively they should be made of foam or similar deformable material. This means for example exposed corners of solar panels, pointed parts of the vehicle body, etc. The vehicle interior must not contain any objects that might injure the Driver during a collision. Windows must not be made of any material which may shatter into sharp shards. Recommended material: Polycarbonate (e.g.
• A towing hook or ring is mandatory on the front of the vehicle, so that it can be towed with a cable by another vehicle. This hook or ring must resist a traction force of 2000N (~200 kg). Article 50: Chassis / Monocoque Solidity • Teams must ensure that the vehicle chassis or monocoque is solid. A monocoque is a construction that supports structural load by using an object's external skin as opposed to using a frame.
Hand held extinguishers must be located within the cockpit and be accessible to the Driver once they have vacated the vehicle. These should be securely mounted to prevent movement while driving/braking. In the event of a fire, Drivers should first exit the vehicle and then if possible, remove the extinguisher and attempt to extinguish the fire if safe to do so.
• Article 57: • • A vehicle handling course may be set up in order to verify the following when the vehicle is in motion: driver skills, turning radius and steering precision. In particular, Inspectors will verify that steering is precise, with no excessive play. Wheels The rims must be between 13 to 17 inches in diameter. The wheels located inside the vehicle body must be made inaccessible to the Driver by a bulkhead.
Article 63: Clutch and Transmission • Vehicles with internal combustion engines must be equipped with a clutch system, so that during inspection and fuelling operations the vehicle remains stationary with the engine running. All Clutch systems used prior to 2011 must be reviewed with respect to whether the clutch system remains not engaged at engine start up.
4 – ENERGY SOURCES Article 68: General The vehicles may only use the following fuels: Internal Combustion: • Shell FuelSave Unleaded 95 (Europe and Asia) / Shell Regular 87 (US) Petrol / Gasoline. ** • Shell FuelSave Diesel (Europe) / Shell Diesel (Asia and US). ** • Shell Gas to Liquid (100% GTL). • Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (100% FAME). • Ethanol E100 (100% Ethanol). ** The gasoline and diesel provided by the Organisers are the Shell fuels prevalent in the local markets where the events take place.
Results for the Electric Mobility Category (hydrogen fuel cell, solar, ‘Plug-In’electricity) will be expressed in kilometres per kilowatt hour (km/kWh). Fuel Cell vehicles will use a flow meter to measure the H2 consumed. The result will be calculated using the NCV of H2 listed below The results of Solar and ‘Battery-Only’ vehicles will be determined by using joulemeters which are supplier by the Organisers. The results for hybrid vehicles will be expressed based on the primary energy used.
• • • • • • Competitors are required to provide the main characteristics of the battery in their technical documentation: maximum voltage that can be supplied, capacity in ampere-hours (i.e. the quantity of electricity that the battery can theoretically provide when new), dimensions and weight. The on-board battery is not allowed to power compressors, blowers, engine cooling systems, motors, etc. It may however be used to power a ventilation/cooling fan for the driver.
4A – Internal Combustion Engines Article 72: Propulsion The type or design of the internal combustion engines is not restricted, however they must run only on the fuel provided by the Organisers and must not consume any engine oil.
• • Article 75: • • • • • • • • • • • Fuel return lines must be fed into the fuel feed line below the fuel tank. Competitors must only use hoses for the fuel system as supplied by the Organisers. It is permissible for each team to provide and install suitable connectors for these fuel lines.
Article 76: deleted Article 77: Vehicles using hybrid technology • • • • • • Article 78: • • • • The use of a Super Capacitor to store recovered electric energy is mandatory. This capacitor must be the only source of energy for the electric motor driving the vehicle. Two connectors must be installed outside the vehicle to allow the voltage measurement on the starting line. The state of charge of the Super Capacitor will be checked before and after each run by measuring its voltage.
4B – Electric Motors Article 79: Fuel Cell Powered Vehicles Fuel system • The competitors must provide a description and a precise technical drawing of the fuel supply system. • The fuel system must be easily accessible for inspection and measurements. Hydrogen cylinders FC-powered vehicle must use a compressed hydrogen cylinder, referred to hereafter as a cylinder, as provided by the Organisers during the entire event. Only one cylinder may be fitted to a vehicle at any time.
The reset of the hydrogen detector, i.e., the hydrogen sensor and its electronics, must be done manually via a switch located in the fuel cell compartment. This switch must not be accessible by the pilot from the cockpit. Emergency shutdown valve and relay The hydrogen supply circuit must be equipped with a solenoid emergency shutdown valve. This valve must be normally closed in the absence of electricity. This valve must be located immediately after the pressure regulator.
Oxygen and air reserves The use of non-replaced oxygen or compressed air reserves is forbidden. Super capacitors If an embedded electric storage device is part of the power-train, it must be of capacitor type, referred to hereafter as ‘Super Capacitor’. Other types of embedded electric storage device (Pb, NiMh, etc. batteries) are forbidden. • The state of charge of the super-capacitor will be checked before and after each run by measuring the super-capacitor voltage.
• The Organisers provide these joulemeters for the duration of the event. A security deposit may be required for the joulemeters. The joulemeters must be positioned so that their display can be easily read from outside the vehicle. The joulemeters must be inaccessible to the Driver in his or her normal driving position. In line with the technical specification of the joulemeters, the electric currents must not exceed 50 amperes permanent and 150 amperes peak.
• • • • • • • • • • • All vehicles must be equipped with one joulemeter to measure the electric motor energy consumption. The Organisers will provide this joulemeter for the duration of the event. A security deposit may be required for the joulemeter. The joulemeter must be positioned so that its display can be easily read from outside the vehicle. The joulemeter must be inaccessible to the Driver in his or her normal driving position.
