OPERATOR’S MANUAL NPB-295 Pulse Oximeter Caution: Federal law (U.S.) restricts this device to sale by or on the order of a physician. To contact Mallinckrodt’s representative: In the United States, call 1.800.635.5267 or 314.654.2000; outside of the United States, call your local Mallinckrodt representative. 2002 Mallinckrodt Inc. All rights reserved.
Nellcor Puritan Bennett Inc. 4280 Hacienda Drive Pleasanton, CA 94588 USA Telephone Toll Free 1.800.NELLCOR Mallinckrodt Europe BV Hambakenwetering 1 5231 DD”s-Hertogenbosch The Netherlands Telephone +31.73.648.5200 Nellcor Puritan Bennett is a wholly owned subsidiary of Mallinckrodt Inc. Nellcor and Nellcor Puritan Bennett are trademarks of Mallinckrodt Inc.
CONTENTS Figures Tables Contents................................................................................... Figures................................................................................ Tables ................................................................................. Safety Information................................................................... General Safety Information ................................................ Introduction ............................................
Contents Management Of Loss-Of-Pulse Alarm......................... Adjustable Settings ............................................................ Pulse Beep Volume ..................................................... Alarm Volume .............................................................. Alarm Silence Duration ................................................ Disabling Audible Alarms............................................. Alarm Silence Reminder ..............................................
Contents Physical Characteristics ..................................................... Weight .......................................................................... Dimensions................................................................... Emissions Compliance................................................. Equipment Classification.............................................. Appendix A: Quick Guide To Operation .............................. Introduction...........................................
Contents FIGURES Figure 1: NPB-295 Front Panel Display (Pleth View).................... 5 Figure 2: NPB-295 Rear Panel ...................................................... 6 Figure 3: Attaching the Tilt-Stand Supports................................. 15 Figure 4: Attaching the Mounting Plate ....................................... 21 Figure 5: Monitoring Mode Display - Pleth View ......................... 25 Figure 6: Monitoring Mode Display - Magnified View ..................
SAFETY INFORMATION General Safety Information GENERAL SAFETY INFORMATION This section contains important safety information related to general use of the NPB-295 pulse oximeter. Other important safety information appears throughout the manual in sections that relate specifically to the precautionary information. Read all text surrounding all precautionary information.
Safety Information Standard 601-1 for electromedical equipment. All combinations of equipment must be in compliance with IEC Standard 601-1-1 systems requirements. Anyone who connects additional equipment to the signal input port or signal output port (NPB-295 data port connector) configures a medical system and is therefore responsible that the system complies with the requirements of system standard IEC Standard 601-1-1 and the electromagnetic compatibility system standard IEC Standard 601-1-2.
INTRODUCTION Intended Use General Operating Principles and Conditions INTENDED USE The purpose and function of the Nellcor NPB-295 pulse oximeter is to continuously and noninvasively measure functional oxygen saturation of arterial hemoglobin (SpO2) and pulse rate (measured by an SpO2 sensor). It is also used to display plethysmographic waveforms. Refer to Appendix A: Principles of Operation for a more detailed discussion of oximetry.
Introduction Specific information about ambient environmental conditions, sensor application, and patient conditions is contained throughout this manual.
CONTROLS, INDICATORS, AND SYMBOLS Displays, Controls, Indicators, and Connectors NPB-295 Symbols Description of Controls Description of Displays and Visual Indicators Description of Audible Indicators DISPLAYS, CONTROLS, INDICATORS, AND CONNECTORS Figures 1 and 2 show the front and rear views of the NPB-295 and identify displays, controls, and connectors.
Controls, Indicators, and Symbols 1 2 TM 2X T 0.50A 250V R IPX1 NRTL/C 100-120 V 200-240 V 50/60 Hz 20VA 4 1 2 3 4 MADE IN IRELAND NELLCOR PURITAN BENNETT EUROPE BV, 's-HERTOGENBOSCH, THE NETHERLANDS CISPR 11 Group 1 Class B 012 3 NPB-295 SN NELLCOR PURITAN BENNETT, INC. PLEASANTON, CA 94588, U.S.A. 035554A-0497 U.S. PATENTS: 4,621,643; 4,653,498; 4,700,708; 4,770,179; 4,869,254; Re.
Controls, Indicators, and Symbols DESCRIPTION OF CONTROLS Function Buttons The Power On/Off Button. Used to turn the NPB-295 monitor on or off. The Alarm Silence Button. Used to silence current alarms for the alarm silence duration period. When an alarm has been silenced, pressing the button again reactivates, or “unsilences” the alarm. It is also used to view and adjust alarm silence duration and alarm volume. The Adjust Up Button.
Controls, Indicators, and Symbols BPM 86 The Pulse Amplitude Indicator (blip bar). Indicates pulse beat and shows the relative pulse amplitude. As the detected pulse becomes stronger, more bars light with each pulse. This indicator is available only in the magnified (blip) view. The digital Pulse Rate Display. Shows the pulse rate in beats per minute. It flashes during loss-of-pulse alarms and when the pulse rate is outside of the alarm limits.
Controls, Indicators, and Symbols Valid Button Press Invalid Button Press High Priority Alarm Medium Priority Alarm Low Priority Alarm Alarm Silence Reminder Pulse Beep A short, medium-pitched tone indicating that an appropriate button has been pressed A short, low-pitched tone indicating that a button has been pressed that is not appropriate for the current state of the monitor A high-pitched, fast-pulsing tone indicating loss of pulse A medium-pitched, pulsing tone indicating an SpO2 or pulse rate
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SETUP Unpacking and Inspection Performance Verification List of Components Monitor Setup Language Selection Tilt-Stand Supports UNPACKING AND INSPECTION Notify the carrier if the shipping carton is damaged. Unpack the NPB-295 and components. If anything is missing or damaged, contact Mallinckrodt’s Technical Services Department or your local Mallinckrodt representative.
Setup Optional Accessories A wall mount plate, as described in the Sensors and Accessories section is available from Mallinckrodt for use with this monitor. MONITOR SETUP General Warnings WARNING: To ensure patient safety, do not place the monitor in any position that might cause it to fall on the patient. WARNING: As with all medical equipment, carefully route patient cabling to reduce the possibility of patient entanglement or strangulation.
Setup Connecting The NPB-295 The NPB-295 operates on AC power when the hospital-grade power cord is connected to both the monitor and an AC power source (wall outlet). The supply voltage selector switch allows connection of the monitor to AC power ranging from 100 VAC to 240 VAC. The switch has two positions: one for 100-120 VAC (“115”), and one for 200-240 VAC (“230”). Ensure that the supply voltage selector switch on the rear panel is set to the proper voltage.
Setup 3. Plug the male connector end of the power cord into a properly grounded AC outlet. 4. Verify that the AC Power Indicator is lit. If it is not, ensure that the supply voltage selector switch matches your AC voltage source. If the indicator still does not light, contact qualified service personnel, your local Mallinckrodt representative, or the Mallinckrodt’s Technical Services Department.
Setup select the desired language. Press the EXIT button to return to the main menu. Service personnel may set the appropriate language as the poweron default using the procedure described in the NPB-295 service manual. TILT-STAND SUPPORTS A pair of tilt-stand supports provide the option of tilting the front of the monitor upward in order to view the display at an angle. When not in use, the supports can be folded flat against the bottom of the monitor.
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SENSORS AND ACCESSORIES Selecting a Sensor Biocompatibility Testing Performance Considerations Wall Mount Plate SELECTING A SENSOR WARNING: Before use, carefully read the sensor directions for use, including all warnings, cautions, and instructions. WARNING: Do not use a damaged sensor or sensor cable. Do not use a sensor with exposed optical components. WARNING: Use only Nellcor sensors and sensor cables with this monitor. Other sensors or sensor cables may cause improper NPB-295 performance.
Sensors and Accessories Table 1: Nellcor Sensors Sensor Model Patient Size Oxisensor® II oxygen transducer (sterile, single-use only) N-25/N-25LF I-20/I-20LF D-20 D-25/D-25L R-15 <3 or >40 kg 3 to 20 kg 10 to 50 kg >30 kg >50 kg Oxiband® oxygen transducer (reusable with disposable nonsterile adhesive) OXI-A/N OXI-P/I <3 or >40 kg 3 to 40 kg Durasensor® oxygen transducer DS-100A (reusable, nonsterile) >40 kg Nellcor reflectance oxygen transducer (reusable/nonsterile) RS-10 >40 kg Dura-Y ® mul
Sensors and Accessories PERFORMANCE CONSIDERATIONS WARNING: Pulse oximetry readings and pulse signal can be affected by certain ambient environmental conditions, sensor application errors, and certain patient conditions.
Sensors and Accessories WARNING: Tissue damage can be caused by incorrect application or duration of use of an SpO2 sensor. Inspect the sensor site as directed in the sensor directions for use. High ambient light sources such as surgical lights (especially those with a xenon light source), bilirubin lamps, fluorescent lights, infrared heating lamps, and direct sunlight can interfere with the performance of an SpO2 sensor.
Sensors and Accessories The plate attaches to the bottom of the NPB-295 monitor as shown in Figure 4. If the tilt-stand supports are attached, remove them before attaching the mounting plate.
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START-UP AND USE Basic Operation Alarms Adjustable Settings Menu Battery Operation Disposal of Device Components BASIC OPERATION WARNING: The NPB-295 is a prescription device and is to be operated by qualified personnel only. WARNING: Do not lift the monitor by the sensor cable or power cord because the cable or cord could disconnect from the monitor, causing the monitor to drop on the patient. WARNING: The NPB-295 is intended only as an adjunct in patient assessment.
Start-Up and Use Ensure that the supply voltage selector switch on the rear panel is set to the proper voltage. Power-On Self-Test (POST) WARNING: Ensure that the speaker is clear of any obstruction. Failure to do so could result in an inaudible alarm tone. 1. Plug an appropriate Nellcor sensor firmly into the MC-10 or SCP-10 and lower the MC-10 or SCP-10 sensor lock over the sensor connector until it clicks into place. Insert the MC10 or SCP-10 into the NPB-295 sensor port.
Start-Up and Use 6. If a sensor is connected to the monitor and the patient, the Pulse Search Indicator lights and the NPB-295 displays zeroes in the %SpO2 and Pulse Rate Displays while it searches for a valid pulse. If a sensor is not attached to the monitor, dashes are displayed and the Pulse Search Indicator is not lit. When a valid pulse is detected, the NPB-295 enters Monitoring Mode and a display similar to the one indicated in either Figure 5 or Figure 6 is displayed.
Start-Up and Use Monitoring Mode In Monitoring Mode - Pleth View (Figure 5), the NPB-295 displays SpO2 readings, pulse rate readings, and a pleth waveform. In the Monitoring Mode - Magnified (blip) View (Figure 6), the Pulse Amplitude Indicator and a larger %SpO2 and pulse rate reading are displayed. The pleth waveform is not displayed. How to select one of the two views by using the softkeys will be discussed later in this section. %SpO2 is displayed for values between 0% and 100%.
Start-Up and Use Pulse Search If the acquired pulse is lost during monitoring, the NPB-295 enters Pulse Search. During Pulse Search, the monitor attempts to detect a pulse from which to take a measurement. Note: Pulse Search is a normal function of the monitor, and entering this mode does not necessarily mean that the patient has no pulse.
Start-Up and Use When all of the following conditions are present for 15 minutes, the NPB-295 automatically shuts down: • Running on battery power • No buttons have been pressed • No pulse has been detected (for example, when no patient is connected to the sensor or the sensor is disconnected) • No alarms are present (other than low battery or a noncorrectable error) ALARMS Description of Alarms The NPB-295 has three levels of audible alarms. 1.
Start-Up and Use • 50 seconds after loss of pulse is detected in the presence of continuous motion When operating on DC power, during a low battery condition, the Low Battery Indicator illuminates and the alarm tone sounds immediately, even if the alarms are silenced or set to OFF. Management of Loss-of-Pulse Alarm The NPB-295 signal processing is designed to reduce the adverse effects of normal interference associated with motion, low patient perfusion, and spurious electrical or optical signals.
Start-Up and Use SPORADIC OR LOST PULSE WITH CONTINUOUS MOTION Low priority alarm sounds Pulse Search Indicator lights continuously Pulse Search Indicator flashes %SpO2 and Pulse Rate Displays alternate between previous display and dashes Zeros displayed Motion Indicator lights continuously* 0 seconds 10 seconds 60 seconds 50 seconds SPORADIC OR LOST PULSE WITHOUT CONTINUOUS MOTION High priority alarm sounds Pulse Search Indicator lights continuously Pulse Search Indicator flashes %SpO2 and Puls
Start-Up and Use During that data evaluation period: • If the patient is not moving (for example, because of cardiac arrest, shock, paralysis, anesthesia) and has no qualified pulse for 6 seconds, a high-priority alarm immediately sounds, the Pulse Search Indicator flashes, and the data displays flash zeroes. • If the patient is constantly moving, the NPB-295 searches for qualified pulses for up to 50 seconds. Each time a qualified pulse is detected, even during motion, the data displays are updated.
Start-Up and Use ADJUSTABLE SETTINGS The following adjustments can be made using the Adjust Up/Down and Alarm Silence Buttons. • • • • Pulse beep volume Alarm volume Alarm silence duration Disabling audible alarms Pulse Beep Volume To adjust the pulse beep volume during normal monitoring, press and hold the Adjust Up or Adjust Down Button to change the setting. Pressing and holding the Adjust Down Button will cause the volume to decrease until it is no longer heard.
Start-Up and Use (If the button is pressed for more than 3 seconds or the duration is changed, the Alarm Silence Button must be pressed again to start the alarm silence duration.) Subsequently, if any alarm condition (other than a low battery alarm) occurs while the alarm is silenced, the alarm will not sound until the alarm silence duration is ended. Operating on battery power during a low battery alarm condition will cause an alarm to sound, even if the duration time has not elapsed.
Start-Up and Use The factory default is that the capability of setting the alarm silence duration to OFF is enabled. Alarm Silence Reminder The alarm silence reminder (three beeps) will sound at least every 3 minutes while the alarm silence duration is set to OFF and the Alarm Silence Indicator is flashing. The alarm silence reminder may also be disabled by service personnel using the procedures described in the service manual. The factory default is that the reminder is enabled.
Start-Up and Use menus, which will timeout in 5 minutes and the analog port calibration menu, which times out in 2 minutes.
Start-Up and Use LIMITS WARNING: Each time the monitor is used, check alarm limits to ensure that they are appropriate for the patient being monitored. Overview When the NPB-295 is first turned on, alarm limits are set to their power-on default values. Power-on default alarm limits can be changed by qualified service personnel, using the instructions described in the NPB-295 service manual. You can temporarily change alarm limits from their power-on default values if necessary, as described below.
Start-Up and Use ALARM LIMITS BPM %SPO2 100 UPPER 170 80. 40 LOWER SELECT %SP02 BPM 96. 79 EXIT Figure 9: Alarm Limits Selection TREND The NPB-295 can graphically display trends for SpO2, pulse rate. The NPB-295 can store up to 24 hours of trend data. The 24 hours of stored trend data is available for downloading to Score software for 45 days. There are no limitations for displaying or printing data. Trend data is stored at 2-second intervals. When the TREND softkey is pressed, “READING TRENDS . .
Start-Up and Use 12HR TREND 100 90 %SPO2 95 : 98 80 70 VIEW 25JUL98 ZOOM NEXT 14 : 35 : 05 EXIT Figure 10: SpO2 Trend Periods of time when no measurements were acquired are indicated by blank spaces in the graph as shown in Figure 10. The number of trend hours or minutes currently displayed on the screen is indicated in the upper left corner. The location of the cursor is indicated by the date and time on the top middle and right of the screen.
Start-Up and Use For example, suppose the time represented by the right-hand edge of the screen in Figure 10 is 14:54:05. Scrolling one time period to the right (4 minutes) results in the cursor relocating to the center of the screen at the time period 14:58:05, with 6 hours of data on both sides of the cursor. If no data was available to the right of the screen, an invalid tone would sound.
Start-Up and Use For example, in Figure 11, the histogram is for the last 12 hours. During those 12 hours, 68% of the %SpO2 measurements were from 96 to 100, 7% of the measurements were from 91 to 95, and 25% of the measurements were from 0 to 80. Zoom Pressing the ZOOM softkey changes the period of time indicated on a trend graph. Selectable times displayed graphically are 24, 12, 8, 4, 2, or 1 hours, and 30 or 12 minutes.
Start-Up and Use Next The NEXT softkey gives you access to the DELETE and PRINT softkeys. Delete Pressing the DELETE softkey presents two options: YES or NO. YES deletes all trend information from the NPB-295 memory and the display. NO returns you to the previous menu. Print Note: The protocol setting must be set to ASCII MODE or GRAPH MODE to transmit text or graphical data. Check this setting using the COMM softkey as indicated in the following paragraphs.
Start-Up and Use • data port analog voltage. Press the SETUP softkey once to display VIEW and CLOCK. Then press NEXT to display COMM and LANG. Press NEXT again to display NCALL and ANALOG. VIEW The VIEW softkey allows you to select the view displayed on the screen, PLETH or BLIP (magnified). The pleth view displays the pleth waveform. The BLIP view displays the Pulse Amplitude Indicator and larger numerical values for easier viewing. CLOCK The CLOCK softkey allows you to set the time and date.
Start-Up and Use have an ESC/P compatible graphical serial printer is attached to the NPB-295 serial port. Select OXINET if you are connecting to an Oxinet® II central station network or Score software. Do not use the CLINICAL setting unless instructed to do so by Mallinckrodt customer service personnel. Press Exit to return to the SETUP submenu. Note: When using Score software use the latest version.
Start-Up and Use LIGHT The LIGHT softkey allows you to turn the backlight on or off. Default Settings The NPB-295 is shipped with factory default settings. Default settings can be changed by authorized technical personnel using the procedures described in the NPB-295 service manual.
Start-Up and Use Nurse Call Feature WARNING: The nurse call feature should not be used as the primary source of alarm notification. The audible and visual alarms of the monitor, used in conjunction with clinical signs and symptoms, are the primary sources for notifying medical personnel that an alarm condition exists. The nurse call feature of the NPB-295 works in conjunction with the nurse call system of your institution when the monitor sounds an audible alarm.
Start-Up and Use Since the monitor cannot operate with a fully discharged battery, before attempting to turn on an NPB-295 whose battery charge has been depleted, first plug the monitor into an AC outlet to allow the battery to charge for a few minutes. The monitor may then be powered on. To charge a dead battery, connect the monitor to AC power. A full charge takes 14 hours while turned off, or 18 hours during regular use.
Start-Up and Use Note: As the battery is used and recharged over a period of time, the amount of time between the onset of the low battery alarm and the instrument shut-off may become shorter. If the backlight is turned off during a low battery condition, it cannot be turned back on. It is recommended that the internal battery be replaced by qualified service personnel every 24 months.
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TROUBLESHOOTING AND MAINTENANCE Troubleshooting EMI Interference Obtaining Technical Assistance Returning the NPB-295 Maintenance TROUBLESHOOTING WARNING: If you are uncertain about the accuracy of any measurement, check the patient’s vital signs by alternate means; then make sure the monitor is functioning correctly. WARNING: The cover should be removed only by qualified service personnel. There are no user-serviceable parts inside.
Troubleshooting and Maintenance Table 3: Error Codes and Messages Error Code Error Message Action 4 LOW BATTERY The battery is discharged to a critically low level. Check to ensure that the voltage selector switch is set to the proper voltage. Turn the monitor off and let it charge for about 10 minutes and then turn the unit back on. If the error code is still present, turn the unit off and let it continue to charge.
Troubleshooting and Maintenance DISALLOWED ON BATTERY - An attempt to print or download data port information while operating on battery power has been made. Connect to AC power and retry. DISALLOWED ON LOW BATTERY - An attempt to turn on the backlight has been made while in a low battery condition. If the backlight is turned off during a low battery condition, it cannot be turned back on. READING TRENDS - The monitor is gathering trend information for display.
Troubleshooting and Maintenance 2. One or more display elements or indicators do not light during the power-on self-test. • Do not use the NPB-295; contact qualified service personnel or your local Mallinckrodt representative. 3. The monitor is operating on battery power, even though it is connected to AC. • Ensure that the supply voltage selector switch is set to the proper voltage. • Make sure that the power cord is properly connected to the NPB-295.
Troubleshooting and Maintenance • Excessive environmental motion or electromagnetic interference may be preventing the NPB-295 from tracking the pulse. Remove the source of interference or try to stabilize the environment, or do both. 5. The Pulse Search Indicator lights after successful measurements have been made. • Check the patient. • Perfusion may be too low for the NPB-295 to track the pulse. Test the instrument on someone else. Change the sensor site. Try another type of sensor.
Troubleshooting and Maintenance units, cellular phones, mobile two-way radios, electrical appliances), it is possible that high levels of such interference due to close proximity or strength of a source, may result in disruption of performance of this device. The NPB-295 is designed for use in environments in which the pulse can be obscured by electromagnetic interference. During such interference, measurements may seem inappropriate or the monitor may not seem to operate correctly.
Troubleshooting and Maintenance The software version appears in the monitor display each time the monitor successfully completes the power-on self-test. Write the number down and have it available whenever requesting technical assistance. RETURNING THE NPB-295 Contact Mallinckrodt’s Technical Services Department or your local Mallinckrodt representative for shipping instructions including a Returned Goods Authorization number. It is not necessary to return the sensor.
Troubleshooting and Maintenance Cleaning WARNING: Do not spray, pour, or spill any liquid on the NPB-295, its accessories, connectors, switches, or openings in the chassis. To clean the NPB-295, dampen a cloth with a commercial, nonabrasive cleaner or a solution of 70% isopropanol in water, and lightly wipe the surfaces of the monitor. Do not spray or pour liquid on the instrument or accessories.
SPECIFICATIONS Performance Electrical Environmental Conditions Physical Characteristics PERFORMANCE Measurement Range SpO2 0–100% Pulse Rate 20–250 beats per minute (bpm) Accuracy SpO2 Adults 70–100% 0–69% ±2 digits unspecified Neonates 70–100% 0–69% ±3 digits unspecified Note: Accuracies are expressed as plus or minus “X” digits (oxygen saturation percentage points) between saturations of 70–100%.
Specifications Pulse Rate 20–250 bpm Note: ±3 bpm Pulse Rate accuracy is expressed as ±3 bpm across the display range. This variation equals ± one standard deviation (1SD), which encompasses 68% of the population. Pulse Rate Display Update Frequency The Pulse Rate Display updates in less than 2.5-seconds with a one-second change in SpO2-derived pulse rate from 30 pulses per minute (ppm) to 200 ppm.
Specifications Battery Capacity A minimum of 8 hours with a new, fully charged battery under the following conditions: no alarms, no analog or serial output devices attached, and no backlight. A completely discharged battery can be fully recharged in approximately 14 hours while turned off or 18 hours while turned on.
Specifications Operation Temperature +5°C to +40°C (+41°F to +104°F) Altitude/Barometric Pressure -390 m to 3,658 m (-1280 ft. to 12,000 ft.) +1060 hPa to +700 hPa (+31.3 in. Hg to +20.6 in. Hg) Relative Humidity 15-95% noncondensing PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Weight 5.7 lbs. 2.6 kg Dimensions 3.3 in. x 10.4 in. x 6 .8 in. 8.4 cm x 26.4 cm x 17.3 cm Emissions Compliance EN55011 Emissions Classification CISPR 11, Group 1, Class B Equipment Classification (IEC 601-1 / CSA 601.
Specifications Mode of Operation Continuous 61
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APPENDIX A: QUICK GUIDE TO OPERATION Introduction Settings Adjustments INTRODUCTION This Quick Guide to Operation is intended for use by experienced NPB-295 users. First-time users of the monitor should read the entire manual before use. To turn the monitor on or off press SETTINGS ADJUSTMENTS Table 4 contains the procedures necessary to adjust or view the basic NPB-295 settings. In general, press EXIT to return to the main menu.
Appendix A: Quick Guide to Operation Table 4: Settings Adjustments To Adjust Action Button Alarm Limits Press LIMITS Press (to select parameter) SELECT Press Press Alarm Volume or Press and hold (for less than 3 seconds) then, Press 64 EXIT Press and hold (for more than 3 seconds) then, Press Alarm Silence Duration or or
Appendix A: Quick Guide to Operation Table 4: Settings Adjustments To Adjust Action Button Time and Date Settings Press SETUP Press CLOCK Press SET Press (to select setting) SELECT or Press Trends Press (to return to main menu) EXIT, EXIT, EXIT Press TREND Press VIEW Select desired view 65
Appendix A: Quick Guide to Operation Table 4: Settings Adjustments To Adjust Action Button Language Press SETUP Press NEXT Press LANG Press Press 66 or EXIT
APPENDIX B: PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION Oximetry Overview OXIMETRY OVERVIEW Pulse oximetry is based on two principles: that oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin differ in their absorption of red and infrared light (i.e., spectrophotometry), and that the volume of arterial blood in tissue (and hence, light absorption by that blood) changes during the pulse (i.e., plethysmography).
Appendix B: Principles of Operation During monitoring, the instrument’s software reads this resistor and selects coefficients that are appropriate for the wavelength of that sensor’s red LED; these coefficients are then used to determine SpO2. This resistor is read when the monitor is turned on, periodically thereafter, and each time a new sensor is connected. Additionally, to compensate for differences in tissue thickness, the intensity of the sensor’s LEDs are adjusted automatically.
Appendix B: Principles of Operation Saturation (%) 100 pH Temperature PCO2 2,3-DPG Fetal Hb pH Temperature PCO2 2,3-DPG 50 0 50 100 PO2 (mmHg) Figure 13: Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve 69
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APPENDIX C: DATA PORT PROTOCOL Overview Connecting to the Data Port Baud Rate Real-Time Display Format Trend Data Printout Nurse Call Analog Outputs OVERVIEW Patient data can be obtained through the data port on the back of the NPB-295 by connecting it to an attached PC or serial printer. When connecting the NPB-295 to a printer or PC, verify proper operation before clinical use. Both the NPB-295 and the printer or PC must be connected to a grounded AC outlet.
Appendix C: Data Port Protocol The cable used must have a braided shield providing 100% coverage, such as a Belden cable (Belden part number 9609) or equivalent. The shield must have a 360-degree connection to the metal shell on the NPB-295’s DB-15 connector and to the connector on the PC or serial printer. Do not create sharp bends in the cable, as this may tear or break the shielding. The pinouts (as illustrated in Figure 14) for the data port are listed in Table 5.
Appendix C: Data Port Protocol 9 1 10 11 12 13 14 15 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Figure 14: Data Port Pin Layout Pins 2, 3, and 5 provide data in RS-232 format. Pins 1, 4, 9, and 12 provide data in RS-422 format. TxD+ and TxD- are the differential transmit data pair. RxD+ and RxD- are the differential receive pair. No hardware flow control is used. However, in the ASCII mode XON/XOFF flow control is supported.
Appendix C: Data Port Protocol NPB-295 VERSION 2.0.0.
Appendix C: Data Port Protocol Software Revision Level NPB-295 TIME VERSION 2.0.0.0 %SPO2 CRC: XXXX BPM SpO2 Limit: 70-100% PA Status PR Limit: 60-160BPM The next data field tells the user the software level, (Version 2.0.0.0) and a software verification number (CRC: XXXX). Neither of these numbers should change during normal operation. The numbers may change if the monitor is serviced and receives a software upgrade. Alarm Limits NPB-295 TIME VERSION 2.0.0.
Appendix C: Data Port Protocol Patient Data NPB-295 VERSION 2.0.0.0 CRC: XXXX TIME %SPO2 BPM 12-NOV-98 14:00:05 100 190* SpO2 Limit: 70-100% PA Status 50 PR Limit: 60-160BPM Patient data is highlighted in the display above. Parameter values are displayed directly beneath the heading for each parameter. In this example the %SpO2 is 100, and the pulse rate is 190 beats per minute.
Appendix C: Data Port Protocol SH Sat High Limit Alarm SL Sat Low Limit Alarm SD Sensor Disconnect Note: A sensor disconnect will also cause three dashes (- - -) to be displayed in the patient data section of the display or printout. TREND DATA PRINTOUT (ASCII MODE) The format of data displayed when a trend printout is requested is similar to that of the real-time data.
Appendix C: Data Port Protocol 2HR TREND 100 %SPO2 90 82: 83 80 70 10APR98 10:00:00 Figure 17: Trend Data Printout (GRAPH MODE) Trend Data Operation Whenever the NPB-295 is turned on, it stores a “data point” in memory every 2 seconds (regardless of whether the NPB-295 is monitoring a patient or not). Up to 50 alarm limit changes will also be stored in trend data. The NPB-295 can store up to 24 hours of trend data. .
Appendix C: Data Port Protocol If battery power is disconnected or depleted, trend data and user settings will be lost. All data is stored with error detection coding. If data stored in memory is found to be corrupted, it is discarded. NURSE CALL The NPB-295 provides two different types of nurse call interfaces; an RS-232 level and relay closure. The RS-232 level nurse call function only operates when the monitor is connected to AC power. It will not operate when running on battery.
Appendix C: Data Port Protocol Table 7: Voltage between pins 10 and 11 Alarm State Nurse Call Polarity Setting Voltage from pins 10 to 11 No current alarms Normally high +5 to +12 VDC Alarm condition Normally high -5 to -12 VDC No current alarms Normally low -5 to -12 VDC Alarm condition Normally low +5 to +12 VDC Pins 7 and 15 provide a relay that closes when an alarm is sounding on the monitor. Pins 8 and 15 provide a relay that opens when an alarm is sounding.
Appendix C: Data Port Protocol The analog function can be accessed from the main menu by pressing SETUP, NEXT, NEXT, ANALOG. Selecting “0 VOLT” or “1 VOLT” causes that voltage to appear at pins 6, 3, or 10. Selecting “STEP” causes the voltage to increase from 0 to 1 volt at 1/10th second increments, with each step lasting at least 1 second. Calibration of the analog output and the attached device can be performed by qualified service personnel using the procedure described in the NPB-295 service manual.
