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LTC4416/LTC4416-1

4416fa

36V, Low Loss Dual

PowerPath Controllers for

Large PFETs

The LTC

4416/LTC4416-1 control two sets of external

P-channel MOSFETs to create two near ideal diode functions

for power switchover circuits. This permits highly efﬁcient

OR’ing of multiple power sources for extended battery life

and low self heating. When conducting, the voltage drop

across the MOSFET is typically 25mV. For applications with

a wall adapter or other auxiliary power source, the load is

automatically disconnected from the battery when the aux-

iliary source is connected.

The LTC4416 integrates two interconnected PowerPath

controllers with soft switchover control. The “soft-off”

switchover permits the users to transfer between two dis-

similar voltages without excessive voltage undershoot (or

DROOP

) in the output supply. The LTC4416/LTC4416-1 also

contain a “fast-on” feature that dramatically increases gate

drive current when the forward input voltage exceeds 25mV.

The LTC4416 “fast off” feature is engaged when the sense

voltage exceeds the input voltage by 25mV. The LTC4416-1

enables the fast off under the same conditions and when

the other external P-channel device is selected using the

enable pins.

The wide operating supply range supports operation from one

to eight Li-Ion cells in series. The low quiescent current (35µA

per channel) is independent of the load current. The gate driver

includes an internal voltage clamp for MOSFET protection.

The LTC4416/LTC4416-1 are available in low proﬁle 10-lead

MSOP packages.

■

High Current PowerPath Switch

■

Industrial and Automotive Applications

■

Uninterruptible Power Supplies

■

Logic Controlled Power Switch

■

Battery Backup System

■

Emergency Systems with Battery Backups

■

Designed Speciﬁcally to Drive Large and Small Q

PFETs

■

Very Low Loss Replacement for Power Supply

OR’ing Diodes

■

Wide Operating Voltage Range: 3.6V to 36V

■

–40°C to 125°C Operating Temperature Range

■

Reverse Battery Protection

■

Automatic Switching Between DC Sources

■

Low Quiescent Current: 35µA per Channel

■

Load Current Sharing

■

MOSFET Gate Protection Clamp

■

Precision Input Control Comparators for Setting

Switchover Threshold Points

■

Open-Drain Feedback Points for Customer Speciﬁed

Hysteresis Control

■

Minimal External Components

■

Space Saving 10-Lead MSOP Package

Automatic PowerPath Switchover

APPLICATIO S

FEATURES

DESCRIPTIO

TYPICAL APPLICATIO

, LT, LTC and LTM are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation.

PowerPath is a trademark of Linear Technology Corporation.

All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

LTC4416

PRIMARY SUPPLY

BACKUP SUPPLYV2 = 10.8V

V1 = 12V (FAIL)

V1 = 13.5V (RESTORE)

SUP75P03_07

GND

24.9k187k

221k

GND

4416 TA01

FORWARD VOLTAGE (V)

0.02

CURRENT (A)

8.0

3.6

CONSTANT

4416 TA01b

0.5

CONSTANT

VOLTAGE

SCHOTTKY

DIODE

LTC4416

LTC4416 vs Schottky Diode

Forward Voltage Drop

LTC4416-1

GND

182k

24.3k24.9k

GND

187k

TH1

WITH

HYSTERESIS

TH2

WITH

HYSTERESIS

OUT

LOAD

4416 TA01c

75k221k

UV ENABLED AT 5V, V

RESTORED TO LOAD WHEN V

RISES TO 5.5V

OV ENABLED AT 13.5V, V

RESTORED TO LOAD WHEN V

FALLS TO 12V

Under and Overvoltage Shutdown Operation

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Summary of content (12 pages)

PAGE 1
LTC4416/LTC4416-1 36V, Low Loss Dual PowerPath Controllers for Large PFETs DESCRIPTIO FEATURES ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ U ■ Designed Specifically to Drive Large and Small QG PFETs Very Low Loss Replacement for Power Supply OR’ing Diodes Wide Operating Voltage Range: 3.
PAGE 2
LTC4416/LTC4416-1 W W W (Note 1) AXI U RATI GS U ABSOLUTE Supply Voltage (V1, V2)............................... –14V to 40V Voltage from V1 or V2 to VS........................ –40V to 40V Input Voltage E1, E2..................................................... –0.3V to 40V VS............................................................ –14V to 40V Output Voltage G1........ –0.3V to the Higher of V1 + 0.3V or VS + 0.3V G2........ –0.3V to the Higher of V2 + 0.3V or VS + 0.3V H1, H2.....................
PAGE 3
LTC4416/LTC4416-1 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. V1 = V2 = 12V, E1 = 2V, E2 = GND, GND = 0V. Current into a pin is positive and current out of a pin is negative. All voltages are referenced to GND, unless otherwise specified.
PAGE 4
LTC4416/LTC4416-1 TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS U W VFR vs Temperature and Supply Voltage VRTO vs Temperature and Supply Voltage –20 40 30 125°C –22 CURRENT (A) VRTO (mV) 27°C 27°C –23 125°C 25 5 10 15 20 25 30 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 35 –25 40 0 25 30 10 15 20 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5 4416 G01 VGn(OFF) vs Temperature and IGn 0.50 0.40 IVS: VV1, VV2 – VVS = 28V 8.65 VIN = 36V 8.55 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) 150 8.
PAGE 5
LTC4416/LTC4416-1 PI FU CTIO S U U U H1 (Pin 1): Open-Drain Comparator Output of the E1 Pin. If E1 > VREF, the H1 pin will go high impedance, otherwise the pin will be grounded. The maximum voltage permitted on this pin is 7V. This pin provides support for setting up hysterisis to an external resistor network. E1 (Pin 2): LTC4416 Comparator Enable Input. A high signal greater than VREF will enable the V1 path.
PAGE 6
LTC4416/LTC4416-1 BLOCK DIAGRA W RAIL1 9 8 V1 VS IG(SRC) FIRST ANALOG CONTROLLER A1 IG(OFF) 8.5V G1 EN2 IG(SNK) IGFON(SNK) 10 IG1 EN1 2 E1 H1 + C1 VREF EN1 1 – 3 GND RAILBG BAND-GAP REFERENCE VREF RAIL2 7 V2 SECOND ANALOG CONTROLLER A2 EN2 4 E2 EN1 EN2 IG(SRC) IG(OFF) 8.5V G2 IG(SNK) IGFON(SNK) H2 + 6 IG2 5 C2 VREF – 4416 BD U OPERATIO Operation can best be understood by referring to the Block Diagram which illustrates the internal circuit blocks.
PAGE 7
LTC4416/LTC4416-1 U OPERATIO The band-gap reference provides internal bias currents used by the channel 1 and channel 2 controllers. It also provides a precision voltage reference, VREF, used by comparators C1 and C2. The band-gap reference is powered as long as a minimum operational voltage is present on either V1, V2, or VS. approaches the forward regulation voltage, VFR, the IG(SNK) current will be proportional to VV1 – VVS.
PAGE 8
LTC4416/LTC4416-1 U OPERATIO V1 is Greater Than V2 Operation Both Channels Disabled When VE1 is below the VREF threshold, channel 1 is in a “soft-off mode”. This means that G1 will only provide an IG(SRC) current instead of an IG(SNK) or an IGFON(SNK) current. When both channels of the LTC4416 are disabled, both G1 and G2 currents are set to IG(SRC). When VE1 is above the VREF threshold, channel 1 is immediately fully enabled, and G1 will become active implementing the output current listed in Figure 1.
PAGE 9
LTC4416/LTC4416-1 APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO U U W U This configuration would be used where V1 is a 12V power supply and the V2 power supply is a 4-cell Li-Ion battery pack. When V1 is 12V, E2 disables the V2 source from being connected to VS through Q2A and Q2B by forcing G2 to V2, H2 is open circuit. E1 is connected to a voltage greater than the VREF to keep the V1 to VS path active. The VS output can be shut completely off by grounding the E1 input.
PAGE 10
LTC4416/LTC4416-1 APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO U U W U differ by more than 100mV, 100% of the load will come from the higher of V1 or V2. The user has the option of using E1 and E2 to disable one of the two supplies by connecting them to a digital controller. If E1 is brought low, V1 will no longer supply current to VS. If E2 is brought high, V2 will no longer supply current to VS. If E1 is brought low and E2 is brought high, VS will be disabled.
PAGE 11
LTC4416/LTC4416-1 APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO U Figure 9 contains a rapidly changing input voltage on a much smaller time scale in comparison to Figure 8. The LTC4416 will require the tE(OFF) time prior to the rapid pullup current being applied. The gate voltage will be pulled high with IG(OFF) which has a minimum current of 500µA. The discharge time of the gate will be dependent on the capacitance of the external FET and the initial gate-source voltage of the circuit.
PAGE 12
LTC4416/LTC4416-1 PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO U MS Package 10-Lead Plastic MSOP (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1661) 0.254 (.010) 0.889 ± 0.127 (.035 ± .005) DETAIL “A” 0° – 6° TYP GAUGE PLANE 5.23 (.206) MIN 0.53 ± 0.152 (.021 ± .006) 3.20 – 3.45 (.126 – .136) DETAIL “A” 0.50 0.305 ± 0.038 (.0197) (.0120 ± .0015) BSc TYP REcOMMENDED SOLDER PAD LAYOUT 0.18 (.007) SEATING PLANE NOTE: 1. DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETER/(INcH) 2. DRAWING NOT TO ScALE 3. DIMENSION DOES NOT INcLUDE MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS.