Datasheet

LTC2489
16
2489fa
without changing the channel, a Stop may be issued after
acknowledgement of the global write command. Global
read commands are not allowed and the converters will
NAK a global read request.
Driving the Input and Reference
The input and reference pins of the LTC2489 are connected
directly to a switched capacitor network. Depending on
the relationship between the differential input voltage and
the differential reference voltage, these capacitors are
switched between these four pins. Each time a capacitor
is switched between two of these pins, a small amount
of charge is transferred. A simplified equivalent circuit is
shown in Figure 9.
When using the LTC2489’s internal oscillator, the input
capacitor array is switched at 123kHz. The effect of the
charge transfer depends on the circuitry driving the in-
put/reference pins. If the total external RC time constant
is less than 580ns the errors introduced by the sampling
process are negligible since complete settling occurs.
Typically, the reference inputs are driven from a low
impedance source. In this case, complete settling occurs
even with large external bypass capacitors. The inputs
(CH0-CH3, COM), on the other hand, are typically driven
from larger source resistances. Source resistances up
to 10k may interface directly to the LTC2489 and settle
completely; however, the addition of external capacitors
at the input terminals in order to filter unwanted noise
(antialiasing) results in incomplete settling.
Automatic Differential Input Current Cancellation
In applications where the sensor output impedance is
low (up to 10kΩ with no external bypass capacitor or up
to 500Ω with 0.001µF bypass), complete settling of the
input occurs. In this case, no errors are introduced and
direct digitization is possible.
For many applications, the sensor output impedance
combined with external input bypass capacitors produces
RC time constants much greater than the 580ns required
for 1ppm accuracy. For example, a 10kΩ bridge driving a
0.1µF capacitor has a time constant an order of magnitude
greater than the required maximum.
The LTC2489 uses a proprietary switching algorithm
that forces the average differential input current to zero
independent of external settling errors. This allows direct
digitization of high impedance sensors without the need
for buffers.
The switching algorithm forces the average input current
on the positive input (I
IN
+
) to be equal to the average input
current on the negative input (I
IN
–
). Over the complete
conversion cycle, the average differential input current
(I
IN
+
– I
IN
–
) is zero. While the differential input current is
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
IN
+
IN
–
10kΩ
INTERNAL
SWITCH
NETWORK
10kΩ
C
EQ
12µF
10kΩ
I
IN
–
REF
+
I
REF
+
I
IN
+
I
REF
–
2489 F09
SWITCHING FREQUENCY
f
SW
= 123kHz INTERNAL OSCILLATOR
f
SW
= 0.4 • f
EOSC
EXTERNAL OSCILLATOR
REF
–
10kΩ
100Ω
INPUT
MULTIPLEXER
100Ω
Figure 9. Equivalent Analog Input Circuit
IIN
+
(
)
AVG
= IIN
–
(
)
AVG
=
V
IN(CM)
− V
REF(CM)
0.5•R
EQ
IREF
+
(
)
AVG
≈
1.5V
REF
+ V
REF(CM)
–V
IN(CM)
(
)
0.5 • R
EQ
–
V
IN
2
V
REF
•R
EQ
where:
V
REF
=REF
+
−REF
−
V
REF(CM)
=
REF
+
–REF
−
2
⎛
⎝
⎜
⎞
⎠
⎟
V
IN
=IN
+
−IN
−
, WHERE IN
+
AND IN
−
ARE THE SELECTEDINPUT CHANNELS
V
IN(CM)
=
IN
+
–IN
−
2
⎛
⎝
⎜
⎞
⎠
⎟
R
EQ
= 2.98MΩINTERNAL OSCILLATOR
R
EQ
= 0.833•10
12
(
)
/f
EOSC
EXTERNAL OSCILLATOR