User manual

The first step to ensuring reliable air-sniffing data capture is to understand the RF characteristics of the Devices
Under Test (DUTs). The Bluetooth Class, antenna types, and radiation patterns are all important factors that can
affect the placement of the DUTs and the Frontline hardware. Radiation patterns are rarely spherical, so
understanding your device's radiation patterns can greatly enhance successful data capture. Position devices to
avoid radiation attenuation by the surroundings.
This step is optional: Consider conductive testing to establish a baseline capture. Conductive testing isolates the
DUTs and analyzer from environmental effects.
The next step is to ensure that the testing environment is as clutter-free as possible.
l Line-of-sight obstructions should be eliminated between the Frontline hardware and the DUTs because they
cause a reduction in signal strength. Obstructions include, but are not limited to: water bottles, coffee cups,
computers, computer screens, computer speakers, and books. A clear, unobstructed line-of-sight is preferred
for DUT and Frontline hardware positioning.
l If using an analyzer connected to a computer, position the computer on an adjacent table or surface away
from the analyzer and DUTs, taking advantage of the cables' length. If this is not possible, position the
computer behind the analyzer as far away as possible. If using the Frontline FTS4BT, which is a dongle, either
use an extension USB cable or position the computer such that the dongle is positioned towards the DUTs.
l The preferred placement is positioning the DUTs and the Frontline hardware at the points of an equilateral
triangle in the same horizontal plane, i.e. placed on the same table or work surface. The sides of the triangle
should be between 1 and 2 meters for Bluetooth transmitter classes 1 and 2. The distance for transmitter class
3 should be 1/2 meter.
Figure 4.1 - Devices Equally Spaced in the Same Horizontal Plane
Finally, eliminate other RF sources.
l Wi-Fi interference should be minimized or eliminated. Bluetooth shares the same 2.4 GHz frequency bands as
Wi-Fi technology. Wi-Fi interference can cause loss of packets and poor captures. In a laboratory or testing
TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing Data
32 Frontline BPA low energy Hardware & Software User Manual