DEFENDER 90 - 110 - 130 Td5 -Tdi- V8 Owner’s Handbook Instruktieboekje Manuel du Conducteur Betriebsanleitung Manuale di Istruzioni Manual del Conductor Manual do Proprietário
CONTENTS SECTION 1 Introduction .......................................................... 1 SECTION 2 Controls & instruments ........................................ 7 SECTION 3 Driving & operating ............................................. 45 SECTION 4 Owner maintenance ............................................. 79 SECTION 5 Workshop maintenance ........................................ 123 SECTION 6 General data .........................................................
SECTION 1 Introduction Section Contents Page Service portfolio .......................................... 3 Warning labels ............................................. 3 Vehicle identification number ....................... 4 Anti-theft precautions .................................. 4 Breakdown safety code ................................
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Introduction WARNING LABELS ATTACHED TO THE VEHICLE SERVICE PORTFOLIO The Service Portfolio book included in your literature pack contains important vehicle identification information and details of your entitlement under the terms of the Land Rover warranty. Warning labels attached to your vehicle bearing this symbol mean: DO NOT touch or adjust components until you have read the relevant instructions in the handbook. Most important of all, however, is the section on maintenance.
Introduction ANTI-THEFT PRECAUTIONS While it may be difficult to deter the ’professional’ car thief, the majority of thefts are carried out by unskilled opportunists. Therefore, take vehicle security very seriously and ALWAYS adopt this simple ’five point’ drill whenever you leave your vehicle - even for just a few minutes: VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (VIN) If you need to communicate with a Land Rover dealer, you may be asked to quote the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN).
Introduction IMPORTANT INFORMATION Remember the breakdown safety code If a breakdown occurs while travelling:- • Wherever possible, consistent with road safety and traffic conditions, the vehicle should be moved off the main thoroughfare, preferably into a lay-by. If a breakdown occurs on a motorway, pull well over to the inside of the hard shoulder. • Switch on hazard lights.
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SECTION 2 Controls & instruments Section Contents Page Controls ....................................................... 9 Locks & alarm ........................................... 11 Seats ......................................................... 21 Seat belts ................................................... 24 Instruments ............................................... 28 Warning lights ........................................... 29 Lights & indicators ....................................
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Controls Right hand steering 1. Ventilator control 13. Hand throttle - if fitted 2. Rear screen wash/wipe switch 14. Headlight adjuster 3. Radio/cassette player 15. Main gear lever 4. Ashtray 16. Transfer gear lever 5. Cigar lighter 17. Handbrake 6. Bonnet release handle 18. Main lighting switch 7. Ventilator control 19. Clutch pedal 8. Heater fan control 20. Brake pedal 9. Lighting, direction indicators and horn control 21. Accelerator pedal 10. Instrument and warning light pack 22.
Controls Left hand steering 1. Ventilator control 12. Heater controls 2. Rear screen wash/wipe switch 13. Hand throttle - if fitted 3. Radio/cassette player 14. Main gear lever 4. Ashtray 15. Transfer gear lever 5. Cigar lighter 16. Handbrake 6. Bonnet release handle 17. Main lighting switch 7. Ventilator control 18. Clutch pedal 8. Heater fan control 19. Brake pedal 9. Lighting, direction indicators and horn control 20. Accelerator pedal 10. Instrument and warning light pack 22.
Locks & Alarm Front door locks From outside the vehicle, the door locks can ONLY be operated with the key. Turn the key towards the rear to lock and towards the front to unlock. Door sill locking buttons From inside the vehicle, each door can be individually locked by depressing the appropriate sill locking button.
Locks & Alarm Taildoor (if fitted) From outside, use the door key to lock and unlock the taildoor. From inside and with the door closed, push the locking button up to lock and down to unlock (as illustration). Child-proof locks (110 Station wagon) Move the locking levers down to engage the child-proof locks (see illustration). With the locks engaged, the rear doors cannot be opened from inside the vehicle, thereby reducing the risk of a door being opened accidentally while the vehicle is moving.
Locks & Alarm ALARM SYSTEM (if fitted) Your vehicle is fitted with a sophisticated anti-theft alarm and engine immobilisation system. In order to combine maximum vehicle security with minimum inconvenience, you are advised to gain a full understanding of the alarm system by thoroughly reading this section of the handbook.
Locks & Alarm Disarming the alarm Within range of the vehicle, briefly press the left (PLAIN) button on the handset; the direction indicator lights will flash once to indicate that the alarm has been disarmed and the engine re-mobilised. NOTE: In some territories, the interior lights will illuminate when the alarm is disarmed.
Locks & Alarm ENGINE IMMOBILISATION Engine immobilisation is an important aspect of the vehicle’s security system, and occurs automatically whenever the alarm system is armed. The system also includes a feature known as ’passive immobilisation’, which is designed to safeguard the vehicle from theft should the driver forget to lock the doors or arm the alarm.
Locks & Alarm 2. Turn the switch to position ’II’ the required number of times to enter the first digit of the code (if the first digit is 4, turn the key to position ’II’ and then back to ’0’ four times). Engine immobilisation override If the handset is lost or fails to operate, engine immobilisation can be overridden by using the starter key to enter the four digit emergency key access code (this code is recorded on the Security Information card). The procedure for entering the code is described below.
Locks & Alarm If an incorrect code has been entered: If the code is entered incorrectly, the anti-theft indicator light will continue to illuminate and the engine will fail to start. Before entering the code again, turn the starter switch to position ’II’ and hold in this position for 5 seconds. After three failed attempts, the security system invokes a delay period of thirty minutes during which the system will not accept any further codes.
Locks & Alarm IMPORTANT INFORMATION • BEFORE replacing a handset battery, disarm the alarm and unlock the doors. • DO NOT remove an expired battery until you are ready to install the replacement. • The engine will immobilise five minutes after the key is removed from the starter switch. If handset battery replacement is NOT completed within this period, the emergency key access code will have to be entered before the handset can be synchronised.
Locks & Alarm Always fit a Land Rover STC4080 or a Panasonic CR2032 replacement battery (available from a Land Rover dealer) and adopt the following replacement procedure: 6) Fit the new battery, ensuring that correct polarity is maintained (positive (’+’) side facing up). Finger marks will adversely affect battery life; if possible, avoid touching the flat surfaces of the battery and wipe them clean before fitting. 1) Unlock the vehicle and disarm the alarm system.
Locks & Alarm IMPORTANT INFORMATION Battery disconnection Your vehicle is equipped with a battery backed-up sounder, which operates as an anti-theft siren if the vehicle battery is disconnected. Before disconnecting the vehicle battery, it is ESSENTIAL to refer to ’Battery removal and replacement’ in Section 4, in order to prevent the alarm from sounding.
Seats FRONT SEAT ADJUSTMENT WARNING To avoid the risk of loss of control and personal injury, never adjust the driver’s seat or seatback while the vehicle is in motion. Forward/backward movement Lift the bar at the front of the seat base to slide the seat forward or back. Ensure the seat is locked in position before driving. Backrest movement Lift the lever and lean backwards or forwards to achieve the desired angle, then lower the lever to lock.
Seats FOLDING THE REAR SEATS - (if fitted) Before folding the rear seats; • Slide the front seats forward. • Ensure that the outer rear seat belts are correctly stowed in their belt clips. • Pass the seat belt locks through the junction of the backrest and the cushion and into the loadspace. Individually split rear seats NOTE: The two outer seats must be folded first, thereby releasing the centre seat. Outer seats; 1. Release the catch (see first inset). 2. Fold the backrest forward. 3.
Seats 60/40 split rear seats 1. Pull up the release catch. 2. Fold the backrest forward. 3. Lift and fold the seat base forward. 4. Fold away the seat stand. WARNING DO NOT adjust the seats while the vehicle is in motion. When re-erecting the seats, ensure that the seat stands are properly positioned. When the seat is erected, the latching mechanism should be visually checked and physically tested to ensure that the latch is secure before driving.
Seat belts • DO NOT fit more than one person into a SEAT BELT SAFETY Seat belts are life saving equipment. In a collision, unrestrained passengers can be thrown around inside the vehicle, or possibly thrown out of the vehicle, resulting in injury to themselves and to other occupants. DO NOT take chances with safety! belt, or fit a seat belt that is twisted or obstructed in any way that could impede its smooth operation.
Seat belts Lap belts To adjust, pull the slider along the belt and feed the webbing through the buckle until the belt is comfortably tight. When not in use, the lap belts should be fastened. WARNING At all times, occupants should wear a seat belt for their protection in the event of a collision or sudden stop. In some circumstances, perhaps due to the vehicle being on a slope, the automatic locking mechanism may engage, preventing the initial extension of the belt.
Seat belts Infant and child restraints All infant and child restraint systems are designed to be secured in vehicle seats by means of a lap belt or the lap portion of a lap/shoulder belt. WARNING Infants and children too small for seat belts should be restrained in a child safety seat or restraint system, appropriate to their age and/or size, and which is approved for use in your vehicle. Always ensure that the manufacturer’s fitting instructions are followed exactly.
Seat belts Testing inertia reel belts From time to time carry out the following tests: Caring for seat belts Regularly inspect the belt webbing for signs of wear, paying particular attention to the fixing points and adjusters. Always replace a seat belt that has withstood the strain of an impact or shows signs of fraying. 1. With the seat belt fastened, give the webbing near the buckle a quick upward pull. The buckle must remain securely locked. DO NOT bleach or dye the webbing.
Instruments 6. Temperature gauge Once the engine coolant has reached its normal operating temperature, the pointer should remain between the ’C’ (cold) and ’H’ (hot) segments. If the pointer enters the ’H’ segment, stop the vehicle as soon as safety permits and seek qualified assistance before continuing. 1. Speedometer Indicates road speed in miles and/or kilometres per hour. 2. Anti-theft alarm indicator light Indicates the status of the alarm system (see ’Locks & alarm’). 3.
Warning lights The warning lights are colour coded as follows: Battery charging - RED Illuminates as a bulb check when the starter switch is turned to position ’II’ and extinguishes when the engine is running. If it remains on, or illuminates whilst driving, a fault is indicated. Seek qualified assistance urgently. RED lights are warnings. WARNING DO NOT drive if a RED warning light remains on once the engine is running or illuminates whilst driving.
Warning lights Hazard warning lights - RED Illuminates in conjunction with the direction indicator warning lights, when the hazard warning lights are operated. Rear fog guard lights - AMBER Illuminates whenever the rear fog guard lights are on. REMEMBER: In clear conditions, rear fog guard lights can dazzle other road users. Use ONLY when visibility is severely restricted. Differential lock - AMBER Illuminates whenever the differential lock is engaged.
Warning lights Traction control - AMBER (if fitted) Illuminates as a bulb and system check, when the starter switch is turned to position ’II’ and extinguishes after approximately 4 seconds. The light illuminates for a minimum of 2 seconds, whenever traction control is operating. Fuel filter - AMBER (Td5 models only) Illuminates as a bulb check when the starter switch is turned to position ’II’ and extinguishes after approximately 2 seconds.
Lights & indicators Direction indicators Move the lever DOWN to indicate a LEFT turn, and UP to indicate a RIGHT turn (the GREEN warning light on the instrument panel will flash in time with the direction indicators). Hold the lever part-way up or down against spring pressure to indicate a lane change.
Lights & indicators Headlight levelling (if fitted) The height of the headlight beams is affected by the distribution of weight inside the vehicle. Always ensure your headlights are adjusted so that the point at which they meet the road surface ahead of the vehicle provides adequate illumination, without dazzling other road users. The following load conditions should be used as a guide. Position ’0’: Driver only, or driver and all front seats occupied (loadspace empty).
Wipers & washers WARNING To prevent possible overload damage to the linkage or the wiper motors in either freezing or extremely hot conditions, care must be taken to ensure that the wiper blades are not adhering to the glass before operating the wipers. WINDSCREEN WIPERS • Single wipe Push the lever up against spring pressure and release immediately. NOTE: With the lever held up, the wipers will continue operating at slow speed until it is released. • Intermittent wipe Pull lever down.
Wipers & washers IMPORTANT INFORMATION • DO NOT operate the wipers on a dry screen. • In freezing or very hot conditions, ensure that the blades are not frozen or stuck to the glass. • In winter, remove any snow or ice from around the arms and blades, including the wiped area of the windscreen and the heater air intakes. Rear window wash/wipe The rear window wash/wipe only operates with the starter switch turned to position ’II’.
Switches Hazard warning lights Press the lower portion of the switch to operate (switch indicator illuminates); all the direction indicator lights (including those fitted to a trailer) will flash in conjunction with each other. Use ONLY in an emergency to warn other road users when your stationary vehicle is causing an obstruction, or is in a hazardous situation. Switch off by pressing the upper portion before moving away.
Windows WINDOWS Front/rear windows; Raise or lower the window by rotating the handle mounted on the door trim pad. Sliding rear windows; (if fitted) To open, press the catch tongues together, slide the window to the desired position and release the catch, ensuring that it locates securely in the sockets, locking the window in position.
Sunroof Remove the sunroof by tilting upwards and lifting rearwards to disengage the locating lugs. SUNROOF (if fitted) The sunroof can be opened to varying degrees or, if required, can be removed completely. WARNING DO NOT store the sunroof loose in the vehicle. To OPEN the roof: Turn the hand wheel anti-clockwise to give the desired opening. DO NOT allow passengers to extend any part of their bodies through the sunroof while the vehicle is moving.
Heating & ventilation Fresh air vents To open the two vents in the windscreen frame, push the lever to the right and then downwards to the desired position and release. The temperature of air supplied to the fresh air vents is not controlled by the heater. NOTE: For vehicles fitted with an air conditioning system, the location and operation of air vents is described on a later page (see ’Air conditioning’).
Heating & ventilation HEATER CONTROLS NOTE: For vehicles fitted with an air 3. Fan speed control conditioning system, the heater controls are described on a later page (see ’Air conditioning’). • Lever at position ’0’ - no air will enter the vehicle through the blower vents. • Lever between positions ’0’ and’1’ - 1. Temperature control Move the lever downwards (towards the RED segment) to increase air temperature, or upwards (towards the BLUE segment) to reduce air temperature.
Heating & ventilation USING YOUR HEATER Ensure the front grille and the air intake grille on the front wing are kept clear of obstructions (especially snow and ice). Demisting and defrosting • Temperature control - fully down. • Distribution control - fully up. • Fan speed control - fully down. The following examples of basic heater settings are intended as a general guide; the air distribution, temperature and blower controls can then be further adjusted to suit your comfort requirements.
Air conditioning Points to remember: • If the temperature inside the vehicle is higher than that outside when you start the engine, it will take time for the air conditioning to become fully effective. It is best to ventilate the vehicle by opening the windows and setting the controls to ’Maximum cooling’ (see next page). When the vehicle has been ventilated, close the windows and set the blower controls for personal comfort. CONTROLS 1.
Air conditioning The following examples of air conditioning settings are included for your guidance: NOTE: If air conditioning is to be used, ensure that the fresh air vents are closed and that the heater unit controls are set to; Temperature control - fully up. Fan speed control - position ’0’. Distribution control - fully up. Normal cooling Temperature control - set to positions I or II. Blower control - set to desired speed. Maximum cooling Temperature control - set to position III.
Interior equipment INTERIOR LIGHTS With the switch midway between the ’ON’ and ’OFF’ positions, the light will illuminate automatically whenever a door is opened and remain illuminated for approximately 15 seconds after ALL the doors are closed, or until the starter switch is turned on. When alighting from the vehicle, the interior lights will fade and then extinguish as soon as the last door is closed. CIGAR LIGHTER With the starter switch turned to position II, press the lighter in to heat up.
SECTION 3 Driving & operating Section Contents Page Starter switch & steering lock .................... 47 Starting & driving ...................................... 48 Fuel ............................................................ 55 Gearbox & transmission ............................ 59 Brakes ....................................................... 64 Traction control ......................................... 68 Towing & load carrying ............................. 69 Emergency starting ................
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Starter switch & steering lock STARTER SWITCH The starter switch is located to the left of the steering column, and uses the following sequence of key positions to operate the steering lock, electrical circuits and starter motor. Position ’0’ Steering locked (if key is removed). Most lighting circuits are operational, including: sidelights, headlights, hazard warning lights and rear fog guard lights.
Starting & driving In cold weather, or when the battery is in a low state of charge, depress the clutch pedal while starting and hold it down until the engine is running. STARTING - DIESEL ENGINES 1. Check that the handbrake is applied and that the gear lever is in neutral. 2. Switch off all unnecessary electrical equipment. In temperate climates, DO NOT operate the starter for longer than 10 seconds; if the engine fails to start, switch off and wait 10 seconds before re-using the starter.
Starting & driving Cold climates In very cold climates, the battery charging and oil pressure warning lights may take several seconds to extinguish. Similarly, engine cranking times will also increase; at -30° C the starter motor may need to be operated continuously for as long as 30 seconds before the engine will start. For this reason, ensure that all non-essential electrical equipment is switched off.
Starting & driving STARTING - PETROL ENGINES In cold weather, or when the battery is in a low state of charge, depress the clutch pedal while starting and hold it down until the engine is running. 1. Check that the handbrake is applied and that the gear lever is in neutral. 2. Switch off all unnecessary electrical equipment. Cold climates In very cold climates, the battery charging and oil pressure warning lights may take several seconds to extinguish.
Starting & driving WARNING Exhaust fumes contain poisonous substances which can cause unconsciousness and may even be fatal. • DO NOT inhale exhaust gases. • DO NOT start or leave the engine running in an enclosed unventilated area, or drive with the rear door open. • DO NOT modify the exhaust system from the original design. • DO repair exhaust system or body leaks immediately. • If you think exhaust fumes are entering the vehicle have the cause determined and corrected immediately.
Starting & driving EMISSION CONTROL SYSTEM Land Rover vehicles are fitted with emission and evaporative control equipment necessary to meet a number of territorial requirements. IMPORTANT INFORMATION Vehicle stability Your vehicle has a higher ground clearance and, hence, a higher centre of gravity than ordinary passenger cars, to enable the vehicle to perform in a wide variety of different off-road applications.
Starting & driving RUNNING-IN (petrol & diesel models) Proper running-in will have a direct bearing on the reliability and smooth running of your vehicle throughout its life. FUEL ECONOMY Fuel consumption is influenced by two major factors: In particular, the engine, gearbox, brakes and tyres need time to bed-in and adjust to the demands of everyday motoring.
Starting & driving Power assisted steering Power assistance is progressively applied the more the steering wheel is turned. For example; where manual steering effort would normally be greatest (at slow speeds on maximum lock), power assistance is greatest. Similarly, where only minimal steering effort would normally be required (at high speed with the wheels straight ahead), then power assistance is also minimal, thus enabling the driver to benefit from apparently consistent steering effort at all times.
Fuel DIESEL ENGINES The quality of diesel fuel (Derv) can vary in different countries and only clean, good quality fuel should be used. It is important that the sulphur content of diesel fuel does not exceed 1%; in Europe all supplies should be within this limit, but in other parts of the world, you should check with your supplier. PETROL ENGINES USE ONLY RECOMMENDED FUEL 4 cylinder engines: Use 90 RON minimum leaded or unleaded fuel wherever possible.
Fuel Fuel filling To unlock the fuel cap; SAFETY ON THE FORECOURT Petroleum gases are highly inflammable and in confined spaces are also explosive. Always take sensible precautions when refuelling: 1. Insert the key and turn it 90° clockwise. 2. Turn the key back to the vertical and then remove. The cap should then be unscrewed gradually (see Warning below). • Switch off the engine. • Do not smoke or use a naked flame WARNING or light.
Fuel Empty fuel tank IMPORTANT INFORMATION DO NOT RUN THE FUEL TANK DRY! In the case of Tdi diesel models, qualified assistance may be required to prime the fuel system before the engine can be restarted. The engine must NOT be cranked for more than 20 seconds in any one period. If the above procedure is carried out on a vehicle that has NOT run out of fuel, it will result in the engine flooding with fuel and failing to start.
Fuel FUEL CUT-OFF SWITCH (Td5 models only) The fuel cut-off switch is a safety device which, in the event of a collision or sudden impact, automatically cuts off the fuel supply to the engine. The switch is located on the engine compartment bulkhead. After an impact, the switch must be reset by pressing the rubber top (arrowed in illustration) before the engine can be restarted.
Gearbox & transmission Clutch Take care NOT to use the clutch pedal as a foot rest. To prevent unnecessary wear, always keep the left foot well clear of the clutch pedal, except when changing gear. WARNING Do NOT select reverse gear unless the vehicle is stationary. MAIN GEARBOX Your vehicle features a five speed main gearbox and a two speed transfer box. In addition, a centre differential in the transfer box distributes the drive to the front and rear axles, providing permanent four wheel drive.
Gearbox & transmission Neutral (’N’) With the transfer lever in neutral, drive cannot be transmitted to the road wheels, regardless of the position of the main gear lever. Use transfer neutral when being towed or when using winching or power take off facilities. ’Diff lock’ centre differential Use the ’unlocked’ position for all normal driving, and use the ’DIFF-LOCK’ position to improve traction in extreme conditions where wheel grip could be lost, such as: wet grass, mud, sand, ice or snow.
Gearbox & transmission USING THE TRANSFER GEARBOX With the vehicle stationary and the engine running, depress the clutch and then move the lever fully forward (or backwards) in TWO distinct but positive moves - ’high to neutral’.... ’neutral to low’ (or vice versa). If there is resistance to the gear engaging, do not force the lever. Instead, with the main lever in gear, release the clutch momentarily and then try again.
Gearbox & transmission Selecting diff lock The diff lock can be engaged or disengaged either with the vehicle stationary, or when driving at any road speed. However, with the vehicle in motion it is ESSENTIAL to be travelling on firm ground, in a straight line, and without wheel slip. WARNING DO NOT engage the diff lock if one or more wheels are slipping - this could damage the transmission. If wheels are slipping, ease off the accelerator before engaging the diff lock.
Gearbox & transmission When to use the diff lock As a general rule, the differential should only be locked in order to drive off-road on loose and slippery surfaces. ALWAYS unlock the differential for normal road driving or as soon as a hard grippy surface is reached whether high or low gears are selected. IMPORTANT INFORMATION Transmission ’wind up’ If the warning light is obviously reluctant to extinguish after the diff lock has been deselected, some transmission ’wind up’ may be present.
Brakes BRAKING SYSTEM The hydraulic braking system operates through dual circuits; if one circuit should fail, the other will continue to function. However, in the event of a brake failure where only one circuit is operational, the vehicle should only be driven at slow speed to the nearest qualified dealer. In these circumstances, exercise extreme caution and be aware that much greater pedal effort and longer stopping distances will be required.
Brakes HANDBRAKE Unlike most other vehicles, the handbrake operates on the rear propeller shaft, and NOT on the road wheels. This may result in slight movement of the vehicle after the handbrake is applied. To engage the handbrake, depress the button and pull the lever up. To release, pull the lever up slightly, depress the button and lower the lever. Always apply the handbrake fully whenever you park.
Brakes Anti-lock braking in action In an emergency situation, full braking effort should ALWAYS be applied, even when the road surface is slippery. The anti-lock braking system constantly monitors the speed of each wheel and varies braking pressure to each, according to the amount of traction available, thereby ensuring that the wheels do not lock. ANTI-LOCK BRAKING SYSTEM (if fitted) The anti-lock braking system (ABS) prevents the wheels from locking, thereby helping to maintain steering control.
Brakes Warning light The anti-lock braking system incorporates a monitoring system, which checks that all the electrical components are in working order, as soon as the starter switch is turned to position ’II’ and also at frequent intervals during your journey. The warning light on the instrument panel is an important part of this system. The warning light should illuminate for approximately one second when the starter switch is turned to position ’II’ and then briefly extinguishes before coming on again.
Traction control ELECTRONIC TRACTION CONTROL (if fitted) The purpose of electronic traction control is to aid traction when one wheel spins while the other still has good grip, eg. if one side of the vehicle is on ice and the other is on tarmac. The system works by applying the brake to a spinning wheel in order to transfer torque to the other side of the axle. NOTE: Traction control only operates below approximately 30 mph (50 km/h).
Towing & load carrying • With the trailer and vehicle unladen, TOWING balance the combination so that the trailer draw-bar and the hitch point on the vehicle are at the same height. Adjust the height of the hitch point if necessary. WARNING If a Nato Hook or a Jaw and Pintle type towing accessory is to be fitted to your vehicle, DO NOT attach them directly to the chassis rear cross-member - it is essential that an adapter plate kit (available from a Land Rover dealer) is also fitted.
Towing & load carrying NOTE: Towing regulations vary from country to country. It is very important to ensure that national regulations governing towing weights and speed limits are observed (refer to the relevant national motoring organisation for information). The following maximum permissible towed weights refer to the vehicle’s design limitations and NOT to any specific territorial restriction. Maximum permissible towed weights On-road kg Unbraked trailers ................................................
Towing & load carrying Coupled braking systems In order to tow a trailer with a weight in excess of 3,500 kg, the vehicle must be adapted to operate a coupled brake system. If this adaptation is carried out, the vehicle identification number plate (VIN) must be changed to show the increased train weight. WARNING ALWAYS consult your dealer for advice regarding the approval, suitability, installation and use of any parts or accessories before fitting.
Emergency starting Always adopt the following procedure when using booster cables:. Starting an engine with a discharged battery The ONLY recommended methods of restarting a vehicle with a discharged battery are: 1. If a donor vehicle is to be used, both vehicles should be parked with their battery locations adjacent to each other. Ensure that the two vehicles do not touch. • The use of a substitute battery fitted to the disabled vehicle. 2.
Emergency starting 8. Once both engines are running normally, allow them to idle for two minutes before switching off the engine of the donor vehicle and disconnecting the booster cables. DO NOT switch on any electrical circuits on the previously disabled vehicle until AFTER the booster cables have been removed. 9. Disconnecting the booster cables must be an EXACT reversal of the connecting procedure, ie; disconnect the BLACK cable from the earthing point on the disabled vehicle FIRST.
Vehicle recovery Suspended tow VEHICLE RECOVERY If it is necessary to recover the vehicle by towing, always adhere to the following procedure: WARNING Your vehicle has permanent four wheel drive - the propeller shaft MUST be removed from the axle to be trailed. Towing the vehicle (on four-wheels) 1. Set the main gearbox and transfer box in neutral. 2. Ensure the differential lock is in the unlocked position. If the front axle is to be trailed ALWAYS adhere to the following precautions: 3.
Vehicle recovery Transporter or trailer lashing Use the towing rings on the front and rear cross members as lashing points (see illustration). DO NOT secure lashing hooks or trailer fixings to any other part of the vehicle.
Ancillary equipment Winches A number of different winches, suited to jobs ranging from vehicle recovery to haulage, can be fitted to your Defender. For further information on the types of winch available and their various uses, contact your Land Rover dealer. In addition; • DO NOT attempt to continue winching if the winch has stalled due to overloading. • Inspect the winch and cable regularly ALWAYS have worn or damaged parts replaced immediately.
Ancillary equipment For static operation, select neutral in the transfer gearbox to disconnect the drive to the road wheels - it is then possible to operate the power take-off independently. The forward gears and hand throttle (if fitted) can now be used to control the operating speed. To prevent the transmission from being overloaded, it is recommended that the highest gear possible should be used.
Ancillary equipment Operating the hand throttle 1. Select ’N’ (neutral) in the transfer gearbox. 2. Pull the hand throttle control out until the desired engine speed is achieved. 3. Twist the control clockwise to lock the throttle in position. The accelerator pedal can be used to temporarily over-ride the hand throttle (to increase engine speed). Once the accelerator is released, the engine speed will return to the level set by the hand throttle.
SECTION 4 Owner maintenance Section Contents Page Owner maintenance ................................... 81 Safety in the garage ................................... 83 Bonnet opening ......................................... 84 Engine compartment ................................. 86 Tyres ......................................................... 98 Washer jets & wiper blades ..................... 100 Battery ..................................................... 101 Wheel changing ...........................
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Owner maintenance OWNER MAINTENANCE In addition to the routine services, which should be carried out by your Land Rover dealer at the intervals shown in the Service Portfolio book, a number of simple checks (listed below) must be carried out by the owner or driver on a regular basis. These are fully described on the pages that follow. NOTE: Any significant or sudden drop in fluid levels, or uneven tyre wear should be reported to a Land Rover dealer without delay.
Owner maintenance Planned maintenance Regular systematic maintenance is the key to ensuring the continued reliability and efficiency of your vehicle. Road testing on dynamometers (’rolling roads’) The routine maintenance requirements for your vehicle are shown in the Service Portfolio book. Most of this necessary workshop maintenance requires specialised knowledge and equipment, and should preferably be entrusted to your Land Rover dealer.
Owner maintenance SAFETY IN THE GARAGE WARNING Whenever you carry out maintenance on your vehicle, the following safety precautions should be observed at all times. Under no circumstances should any part of the fuel system be dismantled or replaced by anyone other than a suitably qualified motor vehicle technician.
Bonnet opening WARNING Ensure the wipers are switched off and have returned to the parked position before opening the bonnet. Lift the safety catch lever (as illustration) and raise the bonnet. Prop stay Pull the bonnet release handle (located in the right hand footwell). Release the bonnet support stay from the underside of the bonnet and fit the stay in the corresponding hole in the bonnet locking platform.
Bonnet opening Scissor action stay Prop stay (Td5 models) Raise the bonnet until the stay fully extends. Release the bonnet, ensuring that the stay locks into position. Closing the bonnet After closing the bonnet, check that the lock is fully engaged by attempting to lift the front edge of the bonnet. This should be free from all movement. Unclip the stay from the bonnet locking platform and fit the stay in the corresponding slot in the underside of the bonnet.
Engine compartment Td5 - Left hand steering 1. Cooling system reservoir. NOTE: It will be necessary to remove the access flap before topping up the engine oil. 2. Brake fluid reservoir. WARNING 3. Clutch fluid reservoir. Ensure that sparks and naked lights are kept away from the engine compartment. 4. Washer reservoir. 5. Engine oil filler cap. 6. Engine oil dipstick. 7. Power steering reservoir.
Engine compartment Tdi - Right hand steering (non-air conditioning) 1. Diesel fuel filter. WARNING 2. Cooling system reservoir. Ensure that sparks and naked lights are kept away from the engine compartment. 3. Brake fluid reservoir. 4. Clutch fluid reservoir. 5. Engine oil filler cap. 6. Engine oil dipstick. 7. Washer reservoir. 8. Power steering reservoir.
Engine compartment V8 - Right hand steering 1. Cooling system reservoir WARNING 2. Brake fluid reservoir. Ensure that sparks and naked lights are kept away from the engine compartment. 3. Washer reservoir. 4. Engine oil dipstick. 5. Engine oil filler cap. 6. Power steering reservoir. 7. Clutch fluid reservoir. 8. Radiator filler plug.
Engine compartment Td5 diesel engine Tdi diesel engine ENGINE OIL LEVEL-CHECK & TOP-UP Check the oil level at least every 400 km (250 miles) when the engine is HOT and with the vehicle resting on level ground. DO NOT OVERFILL! As a general guide, if the level on the dipstick: • is nearer to the upper mark than the lower, add no oil. Switch off the engine and let the vehicle stand for five minutes to allow the oil to drain back into the sump.
Engine compartment V8 petrol engine 4-cylinder petrol engine Oil specifications It is essential to use an oil suitable for the climatic conditions in which the vehicle is to be operated. Precise specifications are shown in ’General data’. If in doubt, contact your Land Rover dealer.
Engine compartment Td5 diesel engine Tdi diesel, V8 & 4-cyl petrol engines COOLING SYSTEM TOP-UP Top-up with a 50% mixture of anti-freeze and water so that the surface of the coolant is level with the seam on the side of the tank. Ensure the cap is tightened fully after top-up is completed. WARNING The coolant level in the reservoir should be checked at least weekly (more frequently in high mileage or arduous operating conditions). Always check the level WHEN THE SYSTEM IS COLD. DO NOT overfill.
Engine compartment Anti-freeze Anti-freeze contains important corrosion inhibitors. Ensure the 50% anti-freeze/water solution is maintained and topped up all year round (not just in cold conditions). Failure to do so may cause corrosion of the radiator and engine components. V8 models The specific gravity of a 50% anti-freeze solution at 20° C (68° F) is 1.075 and protects against frost down to -36° C (-33° F).
Engine compartment WINDSCREEN WASHER TOP-UP The windscreen washer reservoir also supplies the rear screen. Check the reservoir level and top-up with a mixture of water and an approved screen washer solvent to approximately 25 mm (1 in) below the bottom of the filler neck. In cold weather, to prevent freezing, use a screen washer solvent containing isopropanol. Operate the washer switches to check that the nozzles are clear and properly directed.
Engine compartment FUEL SEDIMENTER - Tdi diesel engines (if fitted) The sedimenter is located on the chassis side member, near the rear wheel. FUEL FILTER - Tdi diesel engines The filter is located at the front of the engine compartment. To drain: Slacken off the drain plug (1), to allow any water to drain off. Retighten the plug as soon as pure diesel is emitted. To drain: Slacken off the drain plug (arrowed in illustration), to allow any water to drain off.
Engine compartment WARNING Clutch fluid will damage painted surfaces; soak up any spillage with an absorbent cloth immediately and wash the area with a mixture of car shampoo and water. Take care not to spill fluid onto a hot engine - a fire may result. Clutch fluid is highly toxic - keep containers sealed and out of reach of children. If consumption of fluid is suspected, seek medical attention immediately.
Engine compartment Topping-up Wipe the filler cap clean before removing to prevent dirt from entering the reservoir, then top up to the ’MAX’ mark using FMVSS 116 DOT 4 fluid. Use only new fluid from an airtight container (old fluid from opened containers, or fluid previously bled from the system must NOT be used). DO NOT OVERFILL! WARNING DO NOT drive the vehicle with the fluid level below the ’MIN’ mark.
Engine compartment Emergency operation Any large or sudden drop in the fluid level must be investigated by a qualified dealer. If it can be established that fluid loss is slow, then the reservoir may be topped up to the upper level mark to enable the vehicle to be driven to the nearest dealer for examination. If the fluid level has dropped below the lower level mark, top-up the reservoir before starting the engine, or damage to the steering pump could result.
Tyres Tyre wear Some tyres fitted as original equipment have wear indicators moulded into the tread pattern. When the tread has worn down to 1.6 mm (1/16 in) the indicators start appearing at the surface of the tread pattern, producing the effect of a continuous band of rubber across the width of the tyre. WARNING Never drive your vehicle if the tyres are badly worn, cut or damaged, or if the pressures are incorrect.
Tyres Snow chains Land Rover approved snow chains are designed for on-road use in extreme snow conditions only, and are not recommended for off-road use. Always observe the following recommendations: WARNING ALWAYS use the same make and type of radial-ply tyres front and rear. DO NOT use cross-ply tyres, or interchange tyres from front to rear. • If the wheel is marked ’TUBED’ an inner • ONLY Land Rover approved chains may tube MUST be fitted, even with a tubeless tyre.
Washer jets & wiper blades WASHER JETS To adjust a washer jet, insert a needle into the jet orifice (see inset) and lever gently to position the jet. WIPER BLADE REPLACEMENT To renew a windscreen or rear screen wiper blade, lift the wiper arm away from the windscreen, press the retaining clip (arrowed in illustration), push the blade away from the arm and then unhook the wiper blade.
Battery WARNING Batteries contain sulphuric acid, which is both corrosive and poisonous. If spillage occurs: • On clothing or the skin - remove any contaminated clothing immediately, flush the skin with large amounts of water and seek medical attention urgently. • In the eyes - flush with clean water immediately for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention urgently. The battery is located underneath the left-hand front seat.
Battery BATTERY MAINTENANCE Tdi and petrol models The battery fitted to your vehicle requires minimal attention as follows: Td5 models The battery is designed to be maintenance free, so topping-up is not possible. On the top of the battery there is a battery condition indicator (arrowed in illustration). Examine the indicator periodically to check the battery’s condition. When the indicator shows: • In temperate climates check the electrolyte level once every 3 years.
Battery Battery removal and replacement Your vehicle may be fitted with a battery backed-up sounder, which operates as an anti-theft siren if the main battery is disconnected. If it is necessary to remove the main vehicle battery, it is ESSENTIAL to adopt the following procedure before disconnecting the terminals in order to prevent the siren from sounding: 1. Turn the starter switch ’on’ and then ’off’. Then remove the key. 2.
Battery Battery charging Batteries generate explosive gases, contain corrosive acid and produce levels of electric current sufficient to cause serious injury. While charging, always heed the following precautions: WARNING To avoid damaging the vehicle’s electrical system, ensure correct polarity when refitting the battery. ONLY fit a replacement battery of the same type and specification as the original.
Wheel changing IMPORTANT INFORMATION Before jacking the vehicle always observe the following precautions! • Park your vehicle away from the thoroughfare, and make your passengers wait in a safe area AWAY from the vehicle. • Switch on the hazard warning lights to alert other road users. • ALWAYS engage the differential lock before jacking (warning light on fascia illuminates). • Apply the handbrake and engage 1st gear in the main gear box and select ’L’ in the transfer box.
Wheel changing Removing the spare wheel 1. Remove the nuts securing the wheel cover (if fitted) using the wheel brace supplied in the tool kit. 2. Remove the nuts securing the spare wheel to the carrier and lift off the wheel. WARNING DO NOT use the spare wheel securing nuts in place of the road wheel nuts and vice versa. The wheels are extremely heavy. Take care when lifting and particularly when removing the spare wheel from its mounting position on the bulkhead or rear door.
Wheel changing WARNING Ensure the jack is positioned on firm, level ground. DO NOT use the jack to raise the vehicle until you have carefully read and understood ’Positioning the jack’ later in this section. If in doubt, consult your dealer. Care must be taken to avoid accidental contact with any underbody parts, especially the hot exhaust system components, likely to cause personal injury during raising or lowering of the vehicle.
Wheel changing Positioning the bottle jack Always position the jack from the front or rear of the vehicle directly in line with the jacking points. WARNING NEVER use the jack from the side of the vehicle. Always use the complete, two piece, jack lever throughout to minimise any accidental contact with a hot exhaust system. Rear jacking point: Push the mud flap up over the tyre to allow clear access (return it to its correct position when the wheel change is complete).
Wheel changing WARNING Operating the pillar jack (if supplied) For any wheel: ENSURE that you are familiar with operating the jack BEFORE using it to raise a vehicle. 1. Remove the rubber plug (1) from the jacking tube corresponding to the wheel to be changed. 2. Insert the jack pillar into the base (2). ONLY jack the vehicle using the jack location points described or personal injury or damage to the vehicle could occur. 3.
Wheel changing Changing a wheel Before raising the vehicle, ensure that all the precautions listed at the beginning of this section have been observed. Also, ensure that the wheel chock is correctly positioned, as described previously. WARNING When fitting a wheel, ensure that the mating faces of the hub and wheel are clean and free from rust - an accumulation of dirt or rust could cause the wheel nuts to become loose and result in an accident.
Wheel changing LOCKING WHEEL NUTS In some markets, vehicles fitted with alloy wheels are equipped with a locking wheel nut on each wheel. The locking wheel nut covers are visually very similar to standard wheel nuts but can be identified by a concave indent on the surface. The locking wheel nut and cover can only be removed using the special tools provided, as follows: • Push the extractor tool (1) firmly over the stainless steel nut cover (2).
Wading plugs WADING PLUGS WARNING For safety, DO NOT work underneath the vehicle unless it is safely parked with the wheels chocked, or is supported by heavy duty stands. NOTE: On some models, to access the wading plugs, it will be necessary to remove the front and rear engine undertray access panels - see ’Engine undertray’, in the ’Workshop maintenance’ section of this handbook.
Fuses Fuses are colour coded to help identify their amperage, as follows: Fuses are simple circuit breakers which protect electrical equipment by preventing the electrical circuits from being overloaded. TAN RED BLUE YELLOW GREEN Always remove the starter key and switch off the affected circuit before removing a fuse. Press the fuse extractor (located on the inside of the main fuse box cover) onto the head of the fuse and pull to remove. Fit a new fuse of the same rating.
Fuses MAIN FUSE BOX Fuse No.
Fuses SECONDARY FUSE BOX The secondary fuse box is located under the right hand front seat (see ’Battery’ for access procedure. Press the catch (arrowed in illustration) to release the cover. WARNING Fit only replacement fuses of the same rating and type. Always rectify the cause of a failure before replacing a fuse. Seek qualified assistance if necessary. NOTE: Owners are strongly advised against Fuse Value No.
Bulb replacement REPLACEMENT BULBS Watts Headlights ........................................................... 60/55 (Halogen H4) Front side lights ................................................... 5 Side repeater lights .............................................. 5 Stop lights ........................................................... 21 High mounted stop light ...................................... 21 Tail lights .............................................................
Bulb replacement HEADLIGHT UNIT Light unit removal To replace the headlight bulb, remove the light unit as follows: • Remove the screws (1) retaining the side and direction indicator lights (2), release them forward and disconnect the plugs. • Remove the screws (3) and withdraw the plastic finisher. • Remove the headlight retaining screw (4), rotate the headlight clockwise to disengage and lift out the headlight.
Bulb replacement Headlight bulb Disconnect the multi-plug (5) and remove the rubber cover. Unhook the spring clip and withdraw the bulb. Replace the bulb (the larger of the three tabs uppermost) and secure the spring clip. Replace the rubber cover, pressing the centre firmly to seal around the electrical contacts of the bulb, then refit the multi-plug. NOTE: Do not touch the bulb glass with your fingers. If necessary, clean the bulb with methylated spirits.
Bulb replacement Side, tail, stop and direction indicator bulbs Remove the retaining screws and withdraw the unit. Twist the lens anti-clockwise to release the bulb unit. Side repeater light Push the lens firmly towards the front of the vehicle, lift the rear edge and withdraw the light unit from the wing. Push and twist the bulb to remove. Twist the bulb holder to release and pull out bulb.
Bulb replacement High mounted stop light Remove the screws from the cover, withdraw the cover and twist to remove the bulb holder. Push and twist to release the bulb. Number plate lights Remove the securing screw, remove the cover and pull out bulb. Interior light Prise the lens from the unit. Spread the bulb holders to release the bulb. Reverse and rear fog guard lights Remove the retaining screws and withdraw the lens, then push and twist to release the bulb.
Cleaning & vehicle care Steam cleaning Before steam cleaning the engine compartment, cover the brake reservoir and power steering reservoir (if fitted) to prevent contamination. After steam cleaning, ensure that metallic components are carefully rewaxed, especially the steering column, engine water pipes, hose clips and the ignition coil clamp to prevent corrosion.
Cleaning & vehicle care Clock and radio LOOKING AFTER THE INTERIOR • Clean with a dry cloth only! DO NOT use cleaning fluids or sprays. WARNING Seat belts DO NOT use water to clean the dashboard, damage to the fuses and switches could occur. Instead, clean sparingly with a damp cloth and approved upholstery cleaner. • Extend belts, then use warm water and a non-detergent soap to clean. Allow to dry naturally, and do not retract until completely dry. • DO NOT bleach or dye the webbing.
SECTION 5 Workshop maintenance Section Contents Page Workshop maintenance ........................... 125 Engine undertray ..................................... 129 Engine oil renewal .................................... 132 Engine oil filter renewal ............................ 133 Fuel filter renewal .................................... 134 Fuel sedimenter cleaning ......................... 136 Air cleaner element renewal ..................... 137 Spark plug check/renewal ........................
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Workshop maintenance Servicing schedules In normal operating conditions, servicing should be carried out at intervals of 10,000 km (6,000 miles) or every six months, whichever is sooner. WORKSHOP MAINTENANCE This section covers workshop maintenance for the V8 and Tdi engines only. Maintenance of Td5 and 4-cylinder petrol models should be referred to a qualified dealer.
Workshop maintenance Emission control Your vehicle is fitted with various items of emission control equipment, designed to meet specific territorial requirements. Road testing on dynamometers (’rolling roads’) You should be aware that unauthorised replacement, modification or tampering with this equipment by an owner or motor vehicle repairer, may be unlawful and subject to legal penalties.
Workshop maintenance Fuel system safety Fuel vapour is highly flammable and in confined spaces, is also very explosive and toxic. When fuel evaporates, it produces 150 times its own volume in vapour and when mixed with air, becomes an easily ignitable mixture; consequently even a small spillage is very dangerous. SAFETY IN THE GARAGE Whenever you carry out maintenance on your vehicle, the following safety precautions should be observed at all times.
Workshop maintenance Poisonous liquids Most liquids and lubricants used in motor vehicles are poisonous and should not be consumed or brought into contact with open wounds. These include; battery acid, anti-freeze, brake, clutch and power steering fluid, as well as petrol, diesel, engine oil and windscreen washer additives. For your own safety, ALWAYS read and obey all instructions printed on labels and containers.
Workshop maintenance • Remove the four bolts securing the ENGINE UNDERTRAY propellor shaft to the front axle and reposition the shaft to prevent it from fouling the undertray during removal. • Remove the two bolts (2) securing the undertray to the front crossmember. • Remove the two nuts (3) securing the undertray to the bump stop front fixing bolts, on either side of the vehicle. • Remove the two bolts (4) securing the front and rear undertray together.
Workshop maintenance Undertray removal Rear section: The rear undertray (1) can be removed to enable access to the gearbox drain and filler level plugs. • Raise the vehicle on a ramp. • Remove the two bolts (2) securing the rear and front undertray together. • Remove the two bolts (3) securing the rear undertray to the chassis crossmember. • Remove the bolt (4) securing the undertray to the right hand side of the chassis. • Pull the undertray rearwards to disengage from the front undertray and remove.
Workshop maintenance UNDERTRAY ACCESS PANELS Front: The front access panel can be removed in order to fit the engine timing cover wading plug. Rear: The rear access panel can be removed in order to fit the flywheel housing wading plug and to access the engine oil drain plug. • Remove the five bolts securing the front • Rotate the panel anti-clockwise to access panel to the undertray and withdraw the panel. disengage the locking flanges, then withdraw the panel from the undertray.
Workshop maintenance ENGINE OIL RENEWAL (all engines) NOTE: On some models, to access the engine oil drain plug, it will be necessary to remove the rear undertray access panel - see ’Engine undertray’, earlier in this section. NOTE: For engine oil check & top-up see ’Owner maintenance’. With the vehicle resting on firm, level ground, run the engine for a few minutes so that the oil will drain more easily. Turn the starter switch to position ’0’ and disconnect the battery negative lead.
Workshop maintenance ENGINE OIL FILTER RENEWAL To prevent any possibility of air locks in the oil pump, it is recommended that filter renewal is carried out AFTER the engine oil has been changed. NOTE: On V8 engines, to minimise the risk of draining the oil pump, ensure that the oil is at the correct operating level before removing the filter. • Turn the starter switch to position ’0’ and disconnect the battery negative lead. • Clean the area around the head of the filter.
Workshop maintenance FUEL FILTER RENEWAL Petrol engines Before carrying out any work on the fuel system, it is essential that you have read and understood the precautions listed at the beginning of the section (see ’Fuel system safety’). The fuel filter is located next to the fuel pump on the right hand side of the chassis (when viewed from the rear). • Turn the starter switch to position ’0’ and disconnect the battery negative lead. • Unscrew the centre bolt (2) and withdraw the filter bowl (3).
Workshop maintenance Tdi engine • Turn the starter switch to position ’0’ and disconnect the battery negative lead. • Clean the area around the filter head (1) and place a container under the filter. • Using a strap wrench, unscrew the filter (2) and catch the fuel released in the container. • Wet the seal of the new filter (3) with diesel fuel and screw the filter into position and tighten. • Ensure that the drain tap (4) at the base of the filter is closed. • Connect the battery negative lead.
Workshop maintenance • Fit new seals (4) and re-assemble the FUEL SEDIMENTER CLEANING (Tdi engines) sedimenter unit. • Slacken off the drain plug (5) until pure NOTE: The fuel sedimenter should be drained diesel is emitted, then re-tighten. before removal; this process is covered in ’Owner maintenance’. • If necessary, prime the system. The fuel sedimenter is mounted on the chassis rear side member, near the rear wheel. • Connect the battery negative lead.
Workshop maintenance AIR CLEANER ELEMENT RENEWAL V8 engine Engine performance will be seriously affected if the air cleaner element becomes choked with dust and other airborne particles. • Unscrew the wing nut and washer (5). • Remove the filter seal (6). • Remove the element (7) from the cannister. • Discard the old element, DO NOT attempt to clean it. • Unscrew the two retaining nuts (1). • Insert the new element and secure with • Disconnect the air cleaner hose (2). the wing nut and washer.
Workshop maintenance • Release the two retaining clips (1). Tdi engine Engine performance will be seriously affected if the air cleaner element becomes choked with dust and other airborne particles. • Raise the air cleaner slightly from its cradle to improve access to the element. • Unscrew the wing nut (2) and remove the end cover. • Unscrew the wing nut (3) and withdraw the element. • Clean the interior and exterior of the casing and cover. • Fit a new element, seal first, into the casing.
Workshop maintenance Air cleaner dump valve check - all engines The dump valve (8) is situated on the underside of the element housing. • Squeeze open the dump valve (as illustration) and check that the interior is clean. Renew the valve if perished.
Workshop maintenance IGNITION WIRING & HT LEAD CHECK Check the HT leads for insulation cracking, or corrosion at end contacts. If the HT leads are damaged, replace with new leads of the same specification. SPARK PLUG CHECK/RENEWAL (petrol engines) NOTE: Ensure leads are reconnected in the correct order or the engine will misfire. V8 engine • Remove the HT leads from the spark plugs. • Remove the plugs using a spark plug socket and ratchet.
Workshop maintenance DISTRIBUTOR V8 engines WARNING ALWAYS disconnect the battery negative lead before carrying out any maintenance on the ignition and electrical systems. The internal operating parts of the distributor are protected by a plastic insulating cover (1) and are pre-set during manufacture - they do not require maintenance. • Clean the outer surfaces of the distributor cap to remove dirt or grease. WARNING • Unclip the cap and check it for cracks.
Workshop maintenance DRIVE BELT - 300 Tdi engine The 300 Tdi engine uses a ’serpentine’ type drive belt, which drives all the ancillaries except for the air conditioning compressor and 24 Volt alternator (if fitted). DRIVE BELTS Driving belt tension All pulleys and belts should be examined regularly for any damage, deterioration or fouling (grit, mud, oil etc). Replace or clean where necessary. After every off-road session, the drive belts should be inspected for cuts and possible damage caused by stones.
Workshop maintenance ALTERNATOR DRIVE BELT V8 engine (with air-conditioning) Check the belt deflection with thumb pressure, mid-way between the steering pump and alternator pulleys (arrowed (1) in illustration). Movement should be between 4 and 6 mm (0.16 and 0.25 in). If adjustment is necessary; V8 engine (without air-conditioning) Check the belt deflection with thumb pressure, mid-way between the alternator and crankshaft pulleys. Movement should be approximately 12 mm (0.5 in).
Workshop maintenance WARNING DO NOT use a lever to move the alternator. ONLY apply hand pressure to the alternator body when adjusting drive belt tension. • Tighten the adjustment link clamp and pivot bolts (2). • Tighten the alternator pivot bolts (3). • Connect the battery, run the engine for five minutes at a fast idle and then switch off. • Re-check belt tension.
Workshop maintenance POWER STEERING PUMP DRIVE BELT WARNING V8 engine (without air-conditioning) Check belt deflection with thumb pressure mid-way between the crankshaft and steering pump pulley. Movement should be between 4 and 6 mm (0.16 and 0.25 in). If adjustment is necessary; DO NOT lever, or apply pressure to the pump body to tension the belt, as damage to the pump may occur. • Tighten adjustment clamp bolt (3). • Tighten the two pivot bolts (2).
Workshop maintenance POWER STEERING PUMP DRIVE BELT V8 engine (with air-conditioning) Check the belt deflection with thumb pressure, mid-way between the crankshaft and steering pump pulleys. Movement should be between 4 and 6 mm (0.16 and 0.25 in). If adjustment is necessary; • Slacken the two steering pump pivot bolts (4). • Move the steering pump in the required direction to achieve the correct tension.
Workshop maintenance AIR CONDITIONING COMPRESSOR DRIVE BELT Tdi engine Correct belt tension an only be achieved using a suitably calibrated torque meter. • Slacken the 3 bolts (1) securing the tensioner. • Apply a clockwise torque of 35 Nm to the square drive (2) of the tensioner and tighten the bolts to 25 Nm.
Workshop maintenance AIR CONDITIONING COMPRESSOR DRIVE BELT WARNING DO NOT lever, or apply pressure to the compressor, as this could cause permanent damage. V8 engine Check the belt deflection with thumb pressure, mid-way between the compressor and fan/water pump pulley. Movement should be approximately 4 mm to 6 mm (0.16 to 0.25 in). If adjustment is necessary; • Tighten the clamp bolts (3). • Tighten the pivot bolt (4). • Check tension.
Workshop maintenance FAN BELT V8 engine (with air conditioning) On vehicles fitted with air conditioning, a tensioner pulley is fitted. Check the belt deflection with thumb pressure, mid-way between the fan and crankshaft pulleys, on the side opposite the tensioner pulley. Movement should be approximately 4 mm to 6 mm (0.16 to 0.25 in). If adjustment is necessary; • Turn the starter switch to position ’0’ and disconnect the battery negative lead. • Slacken the tensioner pulley pinch bolt (2).
Workshop maintenance MAIN GEARBOX OIL RENEWAL • Clean the area surrounding the drain plug WARNING (2) and filler level plug (3), to prevent contamination of the gearbox. For safety, DO NOT work underneath the vehicle unless it is safely parked with the wheels chocked, or is supported by heavy duty stands. • Remove the drain plug (2) and allow the oil to drain completely. • Clean and refit the drain plug.
Workshop maintenance • Clean and refit the plug with a new TRANSFER GEARBOX OIL RENEWAL washer. • Remove the filler level plug (3) and inject WARNING the correct grade of oil (see ’General data’) until it begins to run from the hole. For safety, DO NOT work underneath the vehicle unless it is safely parked with the wheels chocked, or is supported by heavy duty stands. WARNING Extreme care should be taken when draining gearbox oil, it may be hot and cause severe scalding.
Workshop maintenance • Clean and refit the drain plug. FRONT/REAR AXLE OIL RENEWAL • Remove the filler level plug (3) and inject the correct grade of oil (see ’General data’) until it begins to run from the hole. WARNING For safety, DO NOT work underneath the vehicle unless it is safely parked with the wheels chocked, or is supported by heavy duty stands. Use only NEW oil - DO NOT use oil previously drained from the system.
Workshop maintenance BRAKE PAD, DISC AND CALIPER CHECK If the vehicle is being operated in arduous conditions, especially when deep mud and/or wading situations are regularly encountered, the condition of the brake pads, discs and calipers should be checked at least weekly, if not even more frequently. Hydraulic disc brakes are fitted to the front and rear wheels, they are self adjusting and therefore, no provision for manual adjustment is made.
Workshop maintenance • Finally, slacken the adjusting bolt by HANDBRAKE CHECK/ADJUSTMENT turning it 1.5 turns anti-clockwise. The brake drum should now be free to rotate, and the brakes shoes correctly adjusted. WARNING For safety, DO NOT work underneath the vehicle unless it is safely parked with the wheels chocked, or is supported by heavy duty stands. PROPELLER SHAFT LUBRICATION Ensure the vehicle is parked on firm, level ground and chock the wheels.
SECTION 6 General data Section Contents Page Lubricants & fluids .................................. 157 Capacities ................................................ 159 Engine data .............................................. 160 Steering ................................................... 161 Electrical system ...................................... 161 Replacement bulbs .................................. 161 Dimensions ............................................. 162 Off-road performance ...............
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General data LUBRICANTS AND FLUIDS Recommendations for all climates and conditions. COMPONENTS Specification SAE Petrol engine sump Oils must meet 5W/30 RES.22.OL.G4 or 5W/40, 5W/50 ACEA A2:96 10W/30 or API service levels SG or SH 10W/40, 10W/50 10W/60 Td5 diesel engine sump 5W/30 5W/40, 5W/50 Oil to meet ACEA A1.98 & B1.98 Tdi diesel engine sump Diesel oils meeting RES 22.OL.
General data Lubrication nipples (hubs, ball joints, prop. shafts, etc.) NLGI-2 Multipurpose Lithium based grease Battery terminals Petroleum jelly.
General data CAPACITIES The following capacities are approximate and provided as a guide only. All oil levels must be set using the dipstick or level plugs as applicable. Fuel tank - usable capacity Diesel - 110 & 130 models ................................................... Diesel - 90 models ............................................................... Petrol - 110 & 130 models ................................................... Petrol - 90 models .......................................................
General data Engine - Td5 Bore ....................................................................... 84,45 mm (3.325 in) Stroke .................................................................... 88,95 mm (3.502 in) Number of cylinders .............................................. 5 Cylinder capacity ................................................... 2498 cc Compression ratio ................................................. 19.5:1 Firing order ..........................................................
General data STEERING (lock to lock) Manual ................................................................... 4.3 turns Power assisted ...................................................... 3.38 turns Camber angle ........................................................ Zero Castor angle .......................................................... 3° Swivel pin inclination ............................................. 7° Front wheel toe-out ...............................................
General data DIMENSIONS 90 models Overall length: - Soft top & Pick-up ............................................... 3722 mm (146.5 in) - Hard top & Station wagon ................................... 3883 mm (152.9 in) Overall width .......................................................... 1790 mm (70.5 in) Overall height: - Soft top ............................................................... 1965 mm (77.4 in) - Pick-up & Station wagon ..................................... 1963 mm (77.
General data OFF-ROAD PERFORMANCE 90 models Max. gradient (EEC kerb weight) ............................ 45° Approach angle: - Soft top & Pick-up (EEC kerb weight) ................. 48° - Hard top & Station wagon (EEC kerb weight) ...... 51.5° Departure angle - Soft top & Pick-up (EEC kerb weight) ................. 49° - Hard top & Station wagon (EEC kerb weight) ...... 53° Wading depth ........................................................ 500 mm (20 in) Min.
General data TOWING WEIGHTS On-road - Unbraked trailers ............................................ 750 kg (1653 lb) - Trailers with overrun brakes .......................... 3500 kg (7716 lb) - 4 wheel trailers with coupled brakes* ............ 3500 kg (7716 lb) Off-road 500 kg (1102 lb) 1000 kg (2204 lb) 1000 kg (2204 lb) Nose weight ....................................................... 150 kg (330 lb) 150 kg (330 lb) NOTE: * Only applies to vehicles modified to accept coupled brakes.
General data EEC KERB WEIGHT 90 models Standard High load Soft-top/Pick-up: - Td5 ................................................................ - Tdi ................................................................. - V8 petrol ....................................................... - 4-cyl petrol ....................................................
General data EEC KERB WEIGHT 110 models Soft top/Pick-up: - Td5 ................................................................ 1885 kg - 2080 kg - Tdi ......................................................................... 1890 kg - V8 petrol ............................................................... 1825 kg - 4-cyl petrol ............................................................ 1825 kg (4155 lb - 4585 lb) (4166 lb) (4023 lb) (4023 lb) H.C. pick-up: - Td5 .....................................
General data FUEL CONSUMPTION The fuel consumption figures shown below have been calculated using a standard testing procedure (the new EC test procedure from Directive 93/116/EC), and produced in accordance with The Passenger Car Fuel Consumption (Amendment) Order 1996. Under normal use, a car’s actual fuel consumption figures may differ from those achieved through the test procedure, depending on driving technique, road and traffic conditions, environmental factors, vehicle and load conditions.
General data TYRE SIZE AND PRESSURES 90 models: Front Normal - all load conditions 205 R16 radial ................................................ 1,9 bar & 265/75 R16 radial (multi-terrain) 28 lbf/in2 2,0 kgf/cm2 750 R16 radial ................................................ 1,9 bar 28 lbf/in2 2,0 kgf/cm2 2,4 bar 35 lbf/in2 2,5 kgf/cm2 2,75 bar 40 lbf/in2 2,8 kgf/cm2 110 models: Rear Front 750 R16 Radial Normal - all load conditions .............................
SECTION 7 Parts & accessories Section Contents Page Parts & accessories ................................. 171 Electrical equipment ................................ 171 After sales service .................................... 172 Travelling abroad .....................................
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Parts & accessories PARTS AND ACCESSORIES Your vehicle has been designed, manufactured and proven to cope with the most rigorous driving conditions. As such, fitting parts and accessories that have been developed and tested to the same stringent standards is essential to guarantee the continued reliability, safety and performance of the vehicle.
Parts & accessories After sales service The After Sales Parts service is of paramount importance, both in the UK and across the world. In the UK there are over 100 authorised Land Rover dealers, all computer linked for rapid ordering of parts and accessories. In addition, with franchised representation in over 100 countries worldwide, Land Rover are able to support your vehicle wherever you go. A full list of Land Rover dealers is included in the literature pack.
SECTION 8 Off-road driving Section Contents Page Basic off-road techniques ........................ 175 Driving on soft surfaces & dry sand ........ 179 Driving on slippery surfaces .................... 180 Driving on rough tracks ........................... 180 Climbing steep slopes .............................. 181 Descending steep slopes ......................... 182 Traversing a slope ................................... 183 Negotiating a ’V’ shaped gully ..................
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Off-road driving Gear selection Correct gear selection is possibly the single most important factor for safe and successful off-road driving. While only experience will tell you which is the correct gear for any section of ground, the following basic rules apply: WARNING Off-road driving can be hazardous! • DO NOT take unnecessary risks. • Be prepared for emergencies at all times. • Familiarise yourself with the 1.
Off-road driving Steering Transfer gears High range gears should be used whenever possible - only change to low range when ground conditions become very difficult. The DIFF LOCK should be engaged whenever there is a risk of losing wheel grip, and disengaged as soon as firm, level, non-slippery ground is reached. Braking As far as possible, vehicle speed should be controlled through correct gear selection. Application of the brake pedal should be kept to an absolute minimum.
Off-road driving Ground clearance Don’t forget to allow for ground clearance beneath the chassis, axles, and under the front and rear bumpers. Note that the axle differentials are situated BELOW the chassis and are positioned slightly to the RIGHT of the centre of the vehicle. Note also that there are other parts of the vehicle which may come into contact with the ground; take care not to ground the vehicle.
Off-road driving IMPORTANT INFORMATION After driving off-road Before rejoining the public highway, or driving at speeds above 40 km/h (25 mph), consideration should be given to the following: • Wheels and tyres must be cleaned of mud and inspected for damage ensure there are no lumps or bulges in the tyres or exposure of the ply or cord structure. • Brake discs and calipers should be examined and any stones or grit that may affect braking efficiency removed.
Off-road driving Stopping the vehicle on soft ground, in sand or on an incline If you do stop your vehicle, remember: DRIVING ON SOFT SURFACES & DRY SAND The ideal technique for driving on soft ground and dry sand, requires the vehicle to be kept moving at all times - soft ground and sand causes excessive drag on the wheels, resulting in a rapid loss of motion once driving momentum is lost. For this reason, gear changing should be avoided.
Off-road driving DRIVING ON ROUGH TRACKS Although rough tracks can sometimes be negotiated in normal drive, it is advisable to lock the differential if excessive suspension movement is likely to induce wheel spin. DRIVING ON SLIPPERY SURFACES (ice, snow, mud, wet grass) • With the DIFF LOCK engaged, select the highest gear possible.
Off-road driving 5. Unless it is necessary to stop the vehicle in order to negotiate obstructions, DO NOT apply the brake or clutch pedal during the descent. CLIMBING STEEP SLOPES Engage the DIFF LOCK and ALWAYS follow the fall line of the slope - travelling diagonally could encourage the vehicle to slide broadside down the slope. 6. If the vehicle begins to slide, accelerate slightly to allow the tyres to regain grip. Steep climbs will usually require the LOW gear range.
Off-road driving C. Once level ground is reached, unlock the differential and select a suitable gear for the next stage of your journey. DESCENDING STEEP SLOPES A. Stop the vehicle at least a vehicle length before the slope and engage first gear LOW range with the differential locked. WARNING B.
Off-road driving DRIVING IN EXISTING WHEEL TRACKS As far as possible allow the vehicle to steer itself along the bottom of the ruts. However, always keep a light hold of the steering wheel to prevent it from spinning free. TRAVERSING A SLOPE Before crossing a slope, ALWAYS observe the following precautions: • Check that the ground is firm and not slippery.
Off-road driving After wading WADING • Drive the vehicle a short distance and apply the foot brake to check that the brakes are fully effective. WARNING The maximum advisable wading depth is 0,5 metre (20 in.). Severe electrical damage may occur if the vehicle remains stationary for any length of time when the water level is above the door sills.
Index A Clock ......................................................... 28 Clutch ........................................................ 59 Clutch fluid specification .......................... 158 Clutch fluid top-up ..................................... 95 Cold start control ....................................... 50 Controls ....................................................... 9 Cooling system top-up .............................. 91 Crossing a ditch .......................................
Index F I Fan control ................................................ 40 Fluid specifications .................................. 157 Fog lights ................................................... 36 Fuel ............................................................ 55 Fuel consumption .................................... 167 Fuel economy ............................................ 53 Fuel filling .................................................. 56 Fuel filter ...........................................
Index R Towing ...................................................... 69 Towing for recovery ................................... 73 Towing weights ............................... 70 & 164 Traction control ......................................... 68 Trailer socket ............................................. 71 Transfer gearbox ....................................... 60 Transfer gearbox oil renewal .................... 151 Transmission .............................................
Index Windscreen washer ................................... 34 Windscreen washer top-up ........................ 92 Windscreen wipers .................................... 34 Wiper blade replacement ......................... 100 Wipers ....................................................... 34 Workshop maintenance ...........................
