$12.00 U.S.
Eyes That Never Blink™ Early Traffic Alert/Advisory Systems In the early days of flight, pilots were equipped with all they needed for effective collision avoidance–a sharp pair of eyes. But increasing traffic at higher speeds led to the development of TCAS I and II (Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance Systems) which were too expensive for most regional airlines, business aircraft, and general aviation aircraft. SKYWATCH® a n y r BFGoodrich Avionics Systems, Inc.
$12.00 U.S. Pilot’s Guide for the y r Traffic Alert/Advisory System a n Model SKY899 e r m il i Methods and apparatus disclosed and described herein have been developed solely on company funds of BFGoodrich Avionics Systems, Inc. No government or other contractual support or relationship whatsoever has existed which in any way affects or mitigates proprietary rights of BFGoodrich Avionics Systems, Inc. in these developments. Methods and apparatus disclosed herein may be subject to U.S.
Safety Summary These warnings and cautions appear later in this guide and are repeated here for emphasis: CAUTION page 3-1 To avoid power surges that could damage the SKY899 and the optional WX-1000, start your engines before turning on the SKY899. page 3-6 The SKY899 relies on information obtained from transponders in nearby aircraft. The SKY899 does not detect or track aircraft which are not equipped with an operating Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System (ATCRBS) transponder.
Table of Contents Section Page List of Illustrations ....................................... v List of Tables...............................................vi y r Abbreviations & Acronyms............................ vii Chapter 1, System Description ................... 1-1 General Description ................................................................... 1-1 Transmitter Receiver Computer (TRC) ........................................ 1-2 Directional Antenna ......................................
Table of Contents (continued) Section Page Chapter 4, Principles of Operation ............... 4-1 Introduction .............................................................................. 4-1 Sensitivity Levels ........................................................................ 4-1 Sensitivity Level A ................................................................. 4-1 Sensitivity Level B ................................................................. 4-3 Audio Inhibit, SKY899 ..................
List of Illustrations Figure Title Page 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 SKY899 Major Components .............................................................. 1-1 Display with Typical SKYWATCH HP Screen .................................... 1-3 Display with Typical Stormscope Screen (Optional) ............................. 1-3 System Block Diagram ....................................................................... 1-5 Vertical Display Modes and Traffic Zones ............................................
List of Tables Table Title Page 4-1 Fourteen Situations in Which a Traffic Advisory Will Occur ................. 4-2 6-1 6-2 6-3 TRC899 Specifications ...................................................................... 6-1 BFG WX-1000/SKY497 Display Specifications .................................. 6-3 NY164 Directional Antenna Specifications (for TAS installations only) .................................................................
Abbreviations & Acronyms ABV Ack ADS-B AFM AFS AGL AHRS Alt ARINC ATC ATCRBS ATI ATM BFG BFGAS BLW Comm CPA CRT EFIS EGPWS FAA fpm FSAW P e r GPS GPWS Grnd HP I/O IVSI kn MFD Mod Above Acknowledge Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast Aircraft Flight Manual Flight Standards Service Above Ground Level Attitude and Heading Reference System Altitude Aeronautical Radio, Inc.
Abbreviations & Acronyms (continued) MSG Nav nm nmi NRM OPR OT PA P/N Rev RGC RTCA SLA SLB SSR STB TA TAS TAWS TCAS TRC TSO UNR P viii Message Navigation Nautical Miles (on the display) Nautical Miles (in the text) Normal Operate Other Traffic Proximity Advisory Part Number Revision Radar Graphics Computer Requirements & Technical Concepts for Aviation Sensitivity Level A Sensitivity Level B Secondary Surveillance Radar Standby Traffic Advisory Traffic Advisory System Terrain Awareness and Warning System
Chapter 1 System Description General Description a n y r The SKYWATCH® HP Traffic Alert/Advisory System, model SKY899, from BFGoodrich Avionics Systems, Inc. (BFG) can be installed as a Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System I (TCAS I) or as a Traffic Advisory System (TAS). In either configuration, the SKY899 monitors the airspace around your aircraft and advises the flight crew where to look for transponder-equipped aircraft that may pose a collision threat.
TRC & Antenna Chapter 1 – System Description When installed as a TAS, the SKY899 can share a BFG model WX-1000/SKY497 monochrome display (P/N 78-8060-5900-8 or 9) with a BFG STORMSCOPE® model WX-1000 using a remote SKYWATCH/Stormscope mode switch.
Display Chapter 1 – System Description Display The display is a 3-inch Air Transport Indicator (3-ATI) unit with a high resolution, green monochrome Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) display. The bezel contains four momentary contact push-button switches and an on/off/brightness knob. The display provides control and display functions for the SKY899 (installed as a TAS) and for a WX-1000 Stormscope (if installed). y r The display does not display traffic and storm information simultaneously.
Interaction of Major Components Chapter 1 – System Description Interaction of Major Components Figure 1-4 shows how the major components of the SKY899 connect to each other and to other aircraft systems. Notes on Figure 1-4: 1. The optional radio altitude input affects the SKY899 audio inhibit feature, the ground intruder filtering feature, and the sensitivity levels feature. (See chapter 4 for details.) y r 2.
System Block Diagram Chapter 1 – System Description Intruder Aircraft Transponder Interrogations SKY899 Transponder Replies Directional Antenna Transponder Replies ADS-B Squitter Broadcasts Radio Altitude System Software Updates Air Data Computer (Optional) Personality Plug Flight Data & System Configuration Configuration Settings a n Flash Card 2 Aircraft Audio System +28 V dc Aural TA's & Other Audio Output m li Control Panel for use with Alternate Display (Optional) P GPWS/TAWS (Optiona
Features Chapter 1 – System Description ing aircraft. The SKY899 then predicts collision threats and plots the eight most threatening aircraft locations on the display. Figure 1-5 shows the SKY899 vertical display modes (look up, look down, normal, and unrestricted). The figure also shows the traffic zones around your aircraft and the traffic symbols that appear on the display when intruding aircraft enter one of those zones.
Traffic Zones Diagram Chapter 1 – System Description 15 nmi +9900 ft 15 nmi +9000 ft (OT) (OT) y r Intruder Aircraft +2700 ft Look Up (ABV) 4 nmi Normal (NRM) 0.2 nmi Sensitivity Level A * m li ** (PA – on TCAS only) (O T) P e r (O T) a n +1200 ft 0.
Features Chapter 1 – System Description Features – Continued • Performs automatic and operator-initiated self tests • Offers a high-resolution, green monochrome, CRT display for TAS installations • Transmits interrogations from the ground (if desired) as well as from the air y r • Shares a display with the Stormscope WX-1000 (if desired) when the SKY899 is installed as a TAS • Switches to the SKYWATCH screen from the optional Stormscope screen automatically when a TA occurs • Uses only one antenna a n
Chapter 2 Controls & Indicators Introduction a n y r This chapter describes the SKY899 controls and indicators including the controls, indicators, and symbols on the display, discrete controls and indicators, and aural announcements. i Controls, Indicators, & Symbols Figures 2-1 and 2-2 and the following paragraphs describe the SKY899 controls, indicators, and symbols.
On-Screen Elements Chapter 2 – Controls & Indicators Range Rings OFF Off-Screen Traffic Advisory (TA) BRT +05 Traffic Advisory (TA) +04 Own Aircraft Other Traffic Message Button 6nm STB Message Indicator Vertical Display Mode Button Vertical Display Mode Indicator a n Display Range Indicator i y r Vertical Trend Arrow Operating Mode Button Label for Op Mode Button + 10 MSG UNR Power/ Brightness Control Knob Data Tag Display Range Button Figure 2-2.
Chapter 2 – Controls & Indicators Buttons & On-Screen Elements located at a position on the screen that indicates the relative bearing and range of the intruder aircraft. In general, the SKY899 issues a TA when it detects an intruder aircraft within 30 seconds of a possible collision, or within a 0.55 nmi horizontal radius and a ±800 ft relative altitude range of your aircraft. (See chapter 4 for details.
Buttons & On-Screen Elements UNR Chapter 2 – Controls & Indicators Vertical Display Mode Indicator This indicator displays the name of the currently selected vertical display mode: ABV (above/look up), BLW (below/look down), NRM (normal), or UNR (unrestricted). The indicator does not appear when the SKY899 is in standby.
for Stormscope Chapter 2 – Controls & Indicators represents an intruder aircraft that does not generate a TA, but which is within a horizontal range of 4 nmi and a relative altitude of ±1200 ft. Own Aircraft This symbol represents your aircraft’s relative position and heading. y r Off-Screen Traffic Advisory (TA) This symbol represents a TA that has been detected beyond the current display range.
Alternate Display & Aural Announcements Chapter 2 – Controls & Indicators WX-1000 Maintenance Switch (not supplied) This remote toggle switch (normally installed in the avionics bay near the WX-1000 processor) has a Normal position and an Override (WX-1000 maintenance) position. It should only be moved to the Override position when the WX-1000 processor is removed or powered down at the circuit breaker, and you still want to use the SKY899.
Chapter 3 Operating Instructions Introduction a n This chapter lists the SKY899 operating instructions and describes its fault modes. Turn On the SKY899 CAUTION m il i y r To avoid power surges that could damage the SKY899 and the optional WX-1000, start your engines before turning on the SKY899. 1. Turn the OFF/BRT knob clockwise to the desired display brightness. The BFGoodrich screen (figure 3-1) appears and stays on the display until the power-on self test is complete.
Turn on the SKY899 Chapter 3 – Operating Instructions OFF BRT OFF BRT +10 SKY899 -02 Standby -26 MSG TEST OPR 6 nm Figure 3-2. Standby Screen NRM 6nm a n y r Figure 3-3. In-Flight Traffic Screen i If the SKY899 passes the test and your aircraft does not have a squat switch, the standby screen (figure 3-2) appears.
Run the Self Test Chapter 3 – Operating Instructions Run the Operator-Initiated Self Test It is recommended, but not required that you should run the operator-initiated self test before the first flight of the day (or as specified in your Aircraft Flight Manual [AFM]), and whenever you get a Failed screen. 1. With the SKY899 in standby or failed mode, press the TEST button. The SKY899 begins its self test and the test screen (figure 3-5) appears.
Change the Display Range Chapter 3 – Operating Instructions The SKY899 switches out of standby into the above display mode and 6 nmi range (figure 3-6). If your aircraft has a squat switch and you don’t manually switch out of standby, the SKY899 automatically switches out of standby 8 to 10 seconds after takeoff. OFF BRT +10 +04 +94 6nm ABV STB a n y r Figure 3-6. Traffic Screen on the Ground 2. To manually switch into standby from the traffic screen, press the button labeled >STB.
