INSTRUCTION MANUAL ANALOGUE MULTIMETER KEW 1109S
Table of Contents Page 1. Safety Warnings ................................................................................ 1 • Understanding Some of the Basics in Electrical Testing Before Using the Multimeter ........................................................... 3 2. Features ............................................................................................ 5 3. Specifications ..................................................................................... 6 4. Instrument Layout . ....
1. Safety Warnings The instrument must be used by a competent, trained person and operated in strict accordance with the instructions. Kyoritsu Electrical Instruments Works, Ltd will not accept liability for any damage or injury caused by misuse or non-compliance with the instructions or safety procedures. It is essential to read and understand the safety rules contained in the instructions. They must be observed when using the instrument.
● Never use the instrument in an explosive atmosphere especially when making current measurements. # CAUTION ● B efore making measurements check that the range selector switch is at a proper range position. Make sure to remove the tips of the test leads from the circuit under test when changing the measuring range during measurements. ● Do not apply voltage to the current or resistance ranges. It may result in a fuse blow or instrument damage.
● Auxiliary Units (Prefixes) There are a number of measurement units used for multimeters. V olt (V), ampere (A) and ohm (Ω) are most widely used as measurement units to indicate electrical potential, current and resistance. However, it is not always straitforward to handle these units as they sometimes too large or too small for practical use or calculation. Prefixes are therefore used as auxiliary units to simplify the usage of such measurement units.
Voltage Measurements (Parallel Connection) IR+IM RM・IR < < E IR > > IM IR Power Source Current Measurements (Series Connection) IM IR Power Source E Load V E Load RM・IR RM = ∞ mA RM = 0 ↓ Battery (Power Source) − ↓ ＋ Resistor (Load) Battery (Power Source) ＋ −COM DC.V Range Measuring voltage at both ends of a resistor. − Resistor (Load) ＋ DC.mA Range −COM Measuring current being consumed by a resistor. IM .......... Meter Current IR .......... Load Current E ..........
2. Features ● Mirrored scale for easy and accurate reading. ● 19 measuring ranges for a wide scope of application. ● OUTPUT terminal to cut off the DC component of AC voltage being measured. ● hFE scale for transistor checking. ● dB scale (−10 - +62dB). ● Safety designed input terminals and test leads.
3. Specifications Functions DC Voltage (7 ranges) Measuring Ranges 0-0.1 V 0-0.5V 0-2.5V 0-10V (20kΩ/V) 0-50V 0-250V 0-1000V Accuracy ±3% of full scale 0-10V AC Voltage (4 ranges) 0-50V (9kΩ/V) 0-250V 0-1000V 0-50μA DC Current (4 ranges) 0-2.5mA 0-25mA 0-250mA Resistance (4 ranges) ±3% of full scale voltage ( terminal approx. 100mV ) voltage ( terminal approx. 100mV ) ±3% of full scale voltage ( terminal approx. 150mV ) voltage ( terminal approx.
Low Frequency Output Using OUTPUT Terminal 0-10V 0-50V 0-250V 0-1000V Refer to frequency characteristic chart Low Frequency Output (dB) (4 ranges) 10V AC −10 - +22dB 50V AC +4 - +36dB 250V AC +18 - +50dB 1000V AC +30 - +62dB (0 dB = 0.775V(1mW) across a 600Ω line) Refer to frequency characteristic chart DC Current Amplication hFE: 0-1000 (atΩ× 10 range) Factor (hFE) (1 range) ±3% of scale length Dimensions: 100 (W) x 150 (L) x 47 (D)mm Weight: Approx.
4.
5. How to Read Scales Measuring Ranges 0.1V 0.5V 2.5V DC Voltage 10V (7 ranges) 50V 250V 1000V 10V AC Voltage 50V (4 ranges) 250V 1000V 50μA DC Current 2.
Low Frequency Output Using OUTPUT Terminal (4 ranges) 10V 50V 250V 1000V 10V Low Frequency 50V Output (dB) 250V (4 ranges) 1000V DC Current Amplification X10Ω Factor (hFE) (4 ranges) C10 B 50 B 250 B10 G −10-+22dB G −10-+22dB G −10-+22dB G −10-+22dB X1 X1 X1 X 100 X1 X1 + 14dB X1 + 28dB X1 + 40dB D 0-1000 X1 Output & −COM + & −COM or Output & −COM +&−COM A B C D E F G ̶ 10 ̶
6. Operating Instructions 6-1. Preparation ● Make certain that the batteries are installed into the battery case with polarity in correct position. Also, make sure that the fuses are properly installed. ● T he test leads are safety designed, but make sure that they are securely connected to the instrument before use. ● Check that the meter pointer lines up with the "0" mark on the left end of the scale. If it is off zero, rotate the zero adjust screw to bring the pointer to the zero position.
6-2. DC Voltage Measurements # WARNING When measuring a high voltage greater than 250V, turn off power to the circuit under test 8.nd follow the steps as described below. Then, turn on power to the circuit being measured and proceed with the voltage measurements. Be careful not to touch the wiring, test leads and the instrument during voltage measurements. After making measurements, turn off power to the circuit under test and disconnect the test leads.
6-3. AC Voltage Measurements # WARNING When measuring a high voltage greater than 250V, turn off power to the circuit under test and follow the steps (1) to (3) as outlined below. Then, turn off power to the circuit under test and proceed with the voltage measurements. Never touch the wiring, test leads and instrument during measurements. After the voltage measurements, make sure to turn off power to the circuit under test and disconnect the test leads.
6-4. Low Frequency Output (dB) Measurements Applications: Measuring the ratio of output to input for amplifiers, transmission circuits, etc. The ratio of output to input in amplifier and transmission circuits is expressed in logarithmic values as the human sense of hearing responds to the level of sound logarithmically. This is measured in terms of decibels (dB).
6-5. Low Frequency Output Measurements Using Output Terminal # WARNING When measuring a high voltage greater than 250V, turn off power to the circuit under test once and then follow the steps (1) to (3) as described for AC voltage measurements. Then, turn on power to the circuit and proceed with Low Frequency Output measurements. Never touch the wiring, test leads or the instrument during measurements. After taking measurements, turn off power to the circuit under test and disconnect the test leads.
The 1109S has a capacitor in series with the OUTPUT terminal. This OUTPUT terminal is useful for measuring the AC component only of a DC coupled Low Frequency Output in TV sets, audio equipment circuits, etc. by blocking the DC component. ⑴ Insert the red test lead into the OUTPUT terminal and the black test lead into the -COM terminal. ⑵ Make Low Frequency Output measurements in accordance with the instructions given for AC voltage measurements. Table 2 Frequency Characteristics 6-6.
Applications: Measuring currents in DC operated electrical appliances, bias current of transitors, IC's, etc. ⑴ Insert the red test lead into the + termin~1 and the black test lead into the −COM terminal. ⑵ Set the range selector switch to the 250mA range position. ⑶ Turn off power to the circuit under test. onnect the red test lead in series with the positive (+) side of the ⑷C circuit under test and the black test lead with the negative (-) side. ⑸ Turn on power to the circuit under test.
# CAUTION Make the zero ohm adjustment after every change of the measuring range to obtain a more accurate reading. Application: Checking a resistance value of resistors, circuit continuity, short and open circuits, etc. ⑴ Insert the red test lead into the +terminal and the black test lead into the −COM terminal. ⑵ Set the range selector switch to the desired range position.
Notes: Fig. 3 shows the resistance measuring circuit. The positive (+) polarity of the battery is connected to the positive (+) terminal of meter. Therefore, the polarity of the terminals is reversed for resistance measurements, with output voltage from the -COM terminal being positive (+) and output voltage from the +terminal negative (-). (Fig. 3). A good knowledge of this relationship will be helpful in testing semi-conductors such as transistors and diodes as well as electrolytic capacitors.
6-8. Terminal Current LI, Terminal Voltage LV &Diode Test # CAUTION Do not measure the internal resistance of a diode with low reverse withstand voltage using x 10kΩ range. The 12V voltage to be applied at this test could damage the diode. Check the rating of a diode before testing. ⑴ Current flowing across the −COM terminal and + terminal during resistance measurements is indicated as LI. When LI flows into the circuit under test there occurs a voltage drop. This is defined as LV.
⑷ T he meter pointer deflects close to full scale when the forward current IF is measured. However, it hardly deflects when the reverse current IR is measured. The forward voltage of the average germanium diode measures 0.1 V to 0.2V and that of the silicon diode 0.5V to 0.8V. ince the maximum open circuit voltage at the low resistance ranges ⑸S is 3V (12V at X 10k range), it is possible to light up an LED having a forward voltage of more than 1.5V and measure forward current IF as well.
6-9. Measuring ICEO (leakage current of transistors) # CAUTION The leakage current does not change significantly according to voltage, but it rather exhibits constant current characteristics. However, note that the leakage current is very sensitive to the temperature and varies with the temperature change (approximately twice as against 10℃ temperature rise) # CAUTION When measuring ICEO, do not touch the base of a transistor. Base current will flow and ICEO increase.
Measuring Leakage Current of Transistor ICEO (E) EMITTER (B) BASE (C) COLLECTOR P(+) ICEO N(-COM) Ⓐ NPN Type Transistor (C) COLLECTOR (B) BASE P(+) (E) EMITTER IECO X10 X10 N(-COM) Ⓑ PNP Type Transistor Fig. 5 ⑺ T he leakage current of the silicon transistor is too small to give pointer deflection. If the pointer should deflect, the likely cause would be some fault of the silicon transistor. N ICEO R (C) M (B) NPN TRANSISTOR (E) 3V ＋ − P Fig.
6-10. Measuring hFE (DC Current Amplification Factor) # CAUTION: With the germanium transistor, the leakage current flows into the collector side, causing that much error in leakage current measurements. Therefore, obtain a true value of leakage current by deducting a hFE value equivalent to the leakage current from the measured value. ⑴ The following will explain about the principle of hFE measurements. A s shown in Fig. 7, the collector and emitter of a transistor are connected to the multimeter.
⑵ How to Use hFE Test Leads The test lead set mainly consisting of a resistor and a clip as shown in Fig. 8 is on the market and is recommended for use in making hFE measurements. Test Lead Set for hFE Measurements R=24kΩ Test Lead (1) (B) (C) Test Lead (2) (E) Test Lead (1) Test Lead (2) Fig. 8 (E) EMITTER (C) COLLECTOR (B) BASE hFE (E) (B) (B) (C) hFE (C) (E) P(+) P(+) N(-COM) N(-COM) X10 (hFE) X10 (hFE) NPN Type Transistor PNP Type Transistor Fig.
As indicated in Fig. 9, connect the hFE test lead (1) to the multimeter, according to the polarity of a transistor to be tested; N (-COM) terminal for the NPN type transistor or P (+) terminal for the PNP type transistor. Also, connect the hFE test lead (2) to the P(+) terminal for the NPN type transistor and the N (−COM) terminal for the PNP type transistor.
7. Fuse & Battery Replacement # WARNING Never replace the fuse or batteries during measurements. Make sure to set the range selector switch to OFF position and remove the test leads from the instrument before replacing the fuse and batteries. Always use the F 2S0V 0.5A fuse as specified. ⑴ When the fuse blows remove the housing case by unscrewing the case fixing screw to replace the fuse. hen 2 x1.
PCB Component Layout Drawing Fig.
PARTS LIST No.
̶ 30 ̶ CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
MEMO ̶ 31 ̶
MEMO ̶ 32 ̶
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