User’s Guide Part Number: E3631-90002 October 2007. For Safety information, Warranties, and Regulatory information, see the pages behind the Index. © Copyright Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2000-2007 All Rights Reserved.
The Agilent E3631A is a high performance 80 watt-triple output DC power supply with GPIB and RS-232 interfaces. The combination of bench-top and system features in this power supply provides versatile solutions for your design and test requirements.
The Front Panel at a Glance 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 Meter and adjust selection keys Tracking enable/disable key Display limit key Recall operating state key Store operating state/Local key Error/Calibrate key 7 I/O Configuration / Secure key 8 Output On/Off key 9 Control knob 10 Resolution selection keys 11 Voltage/current adjust selection key
1 Meter and adjust selection keys Select the output voltage and current of any one supply (+6V, +25V, or -25V output) to be monitored on the display and allow knob adjustment of that supply. 2 Tracking enable / disable key Enables / disables the track mode of ±25V supplies. 3 Display limit key Shows the voltage and current limit values on the display and allows knob adjustment for setting limit values. 4 Recall operating state key Recalls a previously stored operating state from location “1”, “2”, or “3”.
Front-Panel Voltage and Current Limit Settings You can set the voltage and current limit values from the front panel using the following method. Use the voltage/current adjust selection key, the resolution selection keys, and the control knob to change the monitoring or limiting value of voltage or current. 1 Press the Display Limit key after turning on the power supply. 2 Set the knob to the voltage control mode or current control mode using the voltage/current adjust selection key.
Display Annunciators Adrs Power supply is addressed to listen or talk over a remote interface. Rmt Power supply is in remote interface mode. +6V Displays the output voltage and current for +6V supply. Knob is active for +6V supply. +25V Displays the output voltage and current for +25V supply. Knob is active for +25V supply. -25V Displays the output voltage and current for -25V supply. Knob is active for -25V supply. CAL power supply is in calibration mode.
The Rear Panel at a Glance 1 Power-line voltage setting 2 Power-line fuse-holder assembly 3 AC inlet 4 Power-line module 5 GPIB (IEEE-488) interface connector 6 RS-232 interface connector Use the front-panel I/O Config key to: • Select the GPIB or RS-232 interface (see chapter 3). • Set the GPIB bus address (see chapter 3). • Set the RS-232 baud rate and parity (see chapter 3).
In This Book General Information Chapter 1 contains a general description of your power supply. This chapter also provides instructions for checking your power supply, connecting to ac power, and selecting power-line voltage. Initial Operation Chapter 2 ensures that the power supply develops its rated outputs and properly responds to operation from the front panel.
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Contents 15 15 16 16 16 17 19 19 19 22 22 22 27 28 29 29 31 Contents Chapter 1 General Information Safety Considerations- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Safety and EMC Requirements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Options and Accessories - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Options - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Accessories- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Contents Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation (continued) Remote Interface Configuration - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 48 Remote Interface Selection - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 48 GPIB Address - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 49 Baud Rate Selection (RS-232) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 49 Parity Selection (RS-232) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 49 To Set the GPIB Add
Contents Contents Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference (continued) System-Related Commands - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 82 Calibration Commands- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 85 RS-232 Interface Commands - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 87 The SCPI Status Registers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 88 What is an Event Register? - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 88 What is a
Contents Chapter 6 Application Programs Agilent BASIC Programs - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 124 C and QuickBASIC Language Programs- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 124 Using the APPLy Command - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 125 Using the Low-Level Commands - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 129 Using the Status Registers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 133 RS-232 Operation Using QuickBASIC- - - - - - - - - -
1 1 General Information
General Information This chapter provides a general description of your power supply. This chapter also contains instructions for initial inspection, location and cooling for bench and rack operation, selecting the power-line voltage, and connecting your power supply to ac power.
Chapter 1 General Information Safety Considerations 1 Safety Considerations This power supply is a Safety Class I instrument, which means that it has a protective earth terminal. That terminal must be connected to earth ground through a power source with a 3-wire ground receptacle. Before installation or operation, check the power supply and review this manual for safety markings and instructions. Safety information for specific procedures is located at the appropriate places in this manual.
Chapter 1 General Information Options and Accessories Options and Accessories Options Options 0EM, 0E3, and 0E9 determine which power-line voltage is selected at the factory. The standard unit is configured for 115 Vac ± 10%, 47-63 Hz input voltage. For more information about changing the power-line voltage setting, see ‘‘Power-Line Voltage Selection’’, starting on page 22 in this chapter.
Chapter 1 General Information Description 1 Description The Agilent E3631A power supply features a combination of programming capabilities and linear power supply performance that makes it ideal for power systems applications. The triple power supply delivers 0 to ± 25 V outputs rated at 0 to 1 A and 0 to +6 V output rated at 0 to 5 A. The ± 25V supplies also provide 0 to ± 25 V tracking output to power operational amplifiers and circuits requiring symmetrically balanced voltages.
Chapter 1 General Information Description The front panel includes a VFD for displaying the output voltage and current. Two 4-digit voltage and current meters accurately show the actual or limit values of a selected supply simultaneously. Three meter selection keys choose the voltage and current of any one output to be monitored on the display. Connections to the power supply's output and to chassis ground are made to binding posts on the front panel.
Chapter 1 General Information Installation 1 Installation Initial Inspection When you receive your power supply, inspect it for any obvious damage that may have occurred during shipment. If any damage is found, notify the carrier and the nearest Agilent Sales Office immediately. Warranty information is shown in the front of this manual. Keep the original packing materials in case the power supply has to be returned to Agilent Technologies in the future.
Chapter 1 General Information Installation Rack Mounting The power supply can be mounted in a standard 19-inch rack cabinet using one of three optional kits available. A rack-mounting kit for a single instrument is available as Option 1CM (P/N 5063-9243). Installation instructions and hardware are included with each rack-mounting kit. Any Agilent System II instrument of the same size can be rack-mounted beside the Agilent E3631A power supply.
Chapter 1 General Information Installation 1 To rack mount two instruments of the same depth side-by-side, order lock-link kit 5061-9694 and flange kit 5063-9214. To install two instruments in a sliding support shelf, order support shelf 5063-9256, and slide kit 1494-0015.
Chapter 1 General Information Input Power Requirements Input Power Requirements You can operate your power supply from a nominal 100 V, 115 V, or 230 V single phase ac power source at 47 to 63 Hz. An indication on the rear panel shows the nominal input voltage set for the power supply at the factory. If necessary, you can change the power-line voltage setting according to the instructions on the next page.
Chapter 1 General Information Input Power Requirements 1 1 Remove the power cord. Remove the fuse-holder assembly with a flat-blade screwdriver from the rear panel. 2 Install the correct line fuse. Remove the power-line voltage selector from the power-line module. 3 Rotate the power-line voltage selector until the correct voltage appears. 4 Replace the power-line voltage selector and the fuse-holder assembly in the rear panel.
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2 2 Initial Operation
Initial Operation There are three basic tests in this chapter. The automatic power-on test includes a self-test that checks the internal microprocessors and allows the user visually to check the display. The output check ensures that the power supply develops its rated outputs and properly responds to operation from the front panel. For complete performance and/or verification tests, refer to the Service Guide.
Chapter 2 Initial Operation Preliminary Checkout Preliminary Checkout The following steps help you verify that the power supply is ready for use. 1 Verify the power-line voltage setting on the rear panel. The power-line voltage is set to the proper value for your country when the power supply is shipped from the factory. Change the voltage setting if it is not correct. The settings are: 100, 115, or 230 Vac. 2 Verify that the correct power-line fuse is installed.
Chapter 2 Initial Operation Power-On Checkout Power-On Checkout The power-on test includes an automatic self-test that checks the internal microprocessors and allows the user visually to check the display. You will observe the following sequence on the display after pressing the front panel power switch to on. 1 All segments of the display including all annunciators will turn on for about one second. To review the annunciators, hold down the Display Limit key as you turn on the power supply.
Chapter 2 Initial Operation Output Checkout Output Checkout The following procedures check to ensure that the power supply develops its rated outputs and properly responds to operation from the front panel. For complete performance and verification tests, refer to the Service Guide. For each step, use the keys shown on the left margins. Voltage Output Checkout Power 1 Output On/Off 2 3 4 The following steps verify basic voltage functions with no load. Turn on the power supply.
Chapter 2 Initial Operation Output Checkout +25V -25V 5 Check the voltage function for the +25V supply. Select the meter and adjust selection key for the +25V supply. The CV annunciator is still lit and the +25V annunciator will turn on. Repeat steps (3) and (4) to check the voltage function for the +25V supply. 6 Check the voltage function for the -25V supply. Select the meter and adjust selection key for the -25V supply. The CV annunciator is still lit and the -25V annunciator will turn on.
Chapter 2 Initial Operation Output Checkout Current Output Checkout Power 1 Output On/Off 2 3 Display Limit 4 Vol/Cur 5 The following steps check basic current functions with a short across the appropriate supply’s output. Turn on the power supply. The power supply will go into the power-on / reset state; all outputs are disabled (the OFF annunciator turns on); the display is selected for the +6V supply (the +6V annunciator turns on); and the knob is selected for voltage control.
Chapter 2 Initial Operation Output Checkout +25V -25V Note 6 Ensure that the current can be adjusted from zero to the maximum 1 rated value. Adjust the knob until the ammeter indicates 0 amps and then until the ammeter indicates 5.0 amps. 7 Check the current function for the +25V supply. Disable the outputs by pressing the Output On/Off key and connect a short across (+) and (COM) output terminals of the ±25V supply with an insulated test lead.
3 3 Front-Panel Operation
Front-Panel Operation So far you have learned how to install your power supply and perform initial operation. During the initial operation, you were briefly introduced to operating from the front panel as you learned how to check basic voltage and current functions. This chapter will describe in detail the use of these front-panel keys and show how they are used to accomplish power supply operation.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Front-Panel Operation Overview Front-Panel Operation Overview The following section describes an overview of the front-panel keys before operating your power supply. • The power supply is shipped from the factory configured in the front-panel operation mode. At power-on, the power supply is automatically set to operate in the front-panel operation mode. When in this mode, the front-panel keys can be used.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Constant Voltage Operation Constant Voltage Operation 1 Power 2 Output On/Off 3 Display Limit 4 To set up the power supply for constant voltage (CV) operation, proceed as follows. Connect a load to the desired output terminals. With power-off, connect a load to the desired output terminals. Turn on the power supply.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Constant Voltage Operation Vol/Cur Vol/Cur Display Limit Note 5 Adjust the knob for the desired current limit. 1 Check that the Lmt annunciator still blinks. Set the knob for current control. The second digit of ammeter will be blinking. Adjust the knob to the desired current limit. 6 Adjust the knob for the desired output voltage. 1 Set the knob for voltage control. The second digit of the voltmeter will be blinking. Adjust the knob to the desired output voltage.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Constant Current Operation Constant Current Operation 1 Power 2 Output On/Off 3 Display Limit 4 To set up the power supply for constant current (CC) operation, proceed as follows. Connect a load to the output terminals of the desired supply. With power-off, connect a load to the desired output terminals. Turn on the power supply.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Constant Current Operation Vol/Cur Display Limit Note 5 Adjust the knob for the desired voltage limit. 1 Check that the knob is still selected for voltage control and the Lmt annunciator blinks. Adjust the knob for the desired voltage limit. 1 6 Adjust the knob for the desired output current. Set the knob for current control. The second digit of the ammeter will be blinking. Adjust the knob to the desired current output. 7 Return to the meter mode.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Tracking Operation Tracking Operation Track The ±25V supplies provide 0 to ±25 V tracking outputs. In the track mode, two voltages of the ±25V supplies track each other within ±(0.2% output +20 mV) for convenience in varying the symmetrical voltages needed by operational amplifiers and other circuits using balanced positive and negative inputs.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Storing and Recalling Operating States Storing and Recalling Operating States Store You can store up to three different operating states in non-volatile memory. This also enables you to recall the entire instrument configuration with just a few key presses from the front panel.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Storing and Recalling Operating States Store 4 Save the operating state. The operating state is now stored. To recall the stored state, go to the following steps. DONE Recall This message appears on the display for approximately 1 second. 5 Turn on the recall mode. Memory location “1” will be displayed in the recall mode. RECALL 1 This message appears on the display for approximately 3 seconds. 6 Recall the stored operating state.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Disabling the Outputs Disabling the Outputs The outputs of the power supply can be disabled or enabled from the front panel using the Output On/Off key. • When the power supply is in the “Off” state, the OFF annunciator turns on and the three outputs are disabled. The OFF annunciator turns off when the power supply returns to the “On” state. When the outputs are disabled, the voltage value is 0 volts and the current value is 0.05 amps.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation System-Related Operations System-Related Operations This section gives information on topics such as self-test, error conditions, and front-panel display control. This information is not directly related to setting up the power supply but is an important part of operating the power supply. Self-Test A power-on self-test occurs automatically when you turn on the power supply. This test assures you that the power supply is operational.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation System-Related Operations Error Conditions When the front-panel ERROR annunciator turns on, one or more command syntax or hardware errors have been detected. A record of up to 20 errors can be stored in the power supply's error queue. See chapter 5 “Error Messages”, starting on page 113 for a complete listing of the errors. • Errors are retrieved in first-in-first-out (FIFO) order. The first error returned is the first error that was stored.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation System-Related Operations Display Control For security reasons, you may want to turn off the front-panel display. From the remote interface, you can display a 12-character message on the front panel. The display can be enabled / disabled from the remote interface only. • When the display is turned off, outputs are not sent to the display and all annunciators are disabled except the ERROR annunciator. Front-panel operation is otherwise unaffected by turning off the display.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation System-Related Operations Firmware Revision Query The power supply has three microprocessors for control of various internal systems. You can query the power supply to determine which revision of firmware is installed for each microprocessor. You can query the firmware revision from the remote interface only. • The power supply returns four fields separated by commas and the fourth field is a revision code which contains three numbers.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Remote Interface Configuration Remote Interface Configuration Before you can operate the power supply over the remote interface, you must configure the power supply for the remote interface. This section gives information on configuring the remote interface. For additional information on programming the power supply over the remote interface, See chapter 4 “Remote Interface Reference”, starting on page 63.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Remote Interface Configuration GPIB Address Each device on the GPIB (IEEE-488) interface must have a unique address. You can set the power supply’s address to any value between 0 and 30. The current address is displayed momentarily on the front panel when you turn on the power supply. The address is set to “05” when the power supply is shipped from the factory. The GPIB address can be set from the front-panel only.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Remote Interface Configuration To Set the GPIB Address I/O Config To configure the power supply for the GPIB interface, proceed as follows: 1 Turn on the remote configuration mode. GPIB / 488 I/O Config You will see the above message on the front-panel display if the power supply has not been changed from the default setting. If “RS-232” appears, choose “GPIB / 488” by turning the knob to the right. 2 Select the GPIB address.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Remote Interface Configuration To Set the Baud Rate and Parity (RS-232) I/O Config To configure the power supply for the RS-232 interface, proceed as follows: 1 Turn on the remote configuration mode. GPIB / 488 You will see the above message on the display if the power supply has not been changed from the default setting. Notice that if you changed the remote interface selection to RS-232 before, “RS-232” message will be displayed. 2 Choose the RS-232 interface.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Remote Interface Configuration I/O Config 5 Save the change and turn off the I/O configuration mode. CHANGE SAVED The RS-232 baud rate and parity selections are stored in non-volatile memory, and does not change when power has been off or after a remote interface reset. The power supply displays a message to show that the change is now in effect. If the baud rate and the parity are not changed, “NO CHANGE” will be displayed for one second.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation GPIB Interface Configuration GPIB Interface Configuration The GPIB connector on the rear panel connects your power supply to the computer and other GPIB devices. Chapter 1 lists the cables that are available from Agilent Technologies. An GPIB system can be connected together in any configuration (star, linear, or both) as long as the following rules are observed: • The total number of devices including the computer is no more than 15.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation RS-232 Interface Configuration RS-232 Interface Configuration You connect the power supply to the RS-232 interface using the 9-pin (DB-9) serial connector on the rear panel. The power supply is configured as a DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) device. For all communications over the RS-232 interface, the power supply uses two handshake lines: DTR (Data Terminal Ready, on pin 4) and DSR (Data Set Ready, on pin 6).
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation RS-232 Interface Configuration Connection to a Computer or Terminal To connect the power supply to a computer or terminal, you must have the proper interface cable. Most computers and terminals are DTE (Data Terminal Equipment) devices. Since the power supply is also a DTE device, you must use a DTE-to-DTE interface cable. These cables are also called null-modem, modem-eliminator, or crossover cables.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation RS-232 Interface Configuration If your computer or terminal has a 25-pin serial port with a male connector, use the null-modem cable and 25-pin adapter included with the Agilent 34398A Cable Kit. The cable and adapter pin diagram are shown below.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation RS-232 Interface Configuration 2 When the power supply wants to “talk” over the interface (which means that it has processed a query) and has received a message terminator, it will set the DTR line FALSE. This implies that once a query has been sent to the power supply, the bus controller should read the response before attempting to send more data. It also means that a must terminate the command string.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Calibration Overview Calibration Overview This section gives an overview of the calibration features of the power supply. For more detailed discussion of the calibration procedures, see the Service Guide. Calibration Security This feature allows you to enter a security code to prevent accidental or unauthorized calibrations of the power supply. When you first receive your power supply, it is secured.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Calibration Overview To Unsecure for Calibration You can unsecure the power supply for calibration either from the front panel or over the remote interface. The power supply is secured when shipped from the factory, and the security code is set to “HP003631”. • Front-Panel Operation SECURED If the power supply is secured, you will see the above message for one second by holding the Calibrate key for 5 seconds when you turn on the power supply.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Calibration Overview To Secure Against Calibration You can secure the power supply against calibration either from the front panel or over the remote interface. The power supply is secured when shipped from the factory, and the security code is set to “HP003631”. Be sure to read the security code rules on page 58 before attempting to secure the power supply.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Calibration Overview To Change the Security Code To change the security code, you must first unsecure the power supply, and then enter a new code. Be sure to read the security code rules on page 58 before attempting to secure the power supply. • Front-Panel Operation: To change the security code, first make sure that the power supply is unsecured.
Chapter 3 Front-Panel Operation Calibration Overview Calibration Count You can determine the number of times that your power supply has been calibrated. Your power supply was calibrated before it left the factory. When you receive your power supply, read the count to determine its initial value. The calibration count feature can be performed from the remote interface only.
4 4 Remote Interface Reference
Remote Interface Reference • • • • • • • • • • • • • • SCPI Command Summary, page 65 Simplified Programming Overview, page 70 Using the APPLy Command, page 73 Output Setting and Operation Commands, page 74 Triggering Commands, page 79 System-Related Commands, page 82 Calibration Commands, page 85 RS-232 Interface Commands, page 87 The SCPI Status Registers, page 88 Status Reporting Commands, page 98 An Introduction to the SCPI Language, page 102 Halting an Output in Progress, page 107 SCPI Conformance Info
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference SCPI Command Summary SCPI Command Summary This section summarizes the SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments) commands available to program the power supply over the remote interface. Refer to the later sections in this chapter for more complete details on each command. Throughout this manual, the following conventions are used for SCPI command syntax. • Square brackets ([ ]) indicate optional keywords or parameters.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference SCPI Command Summary Output Setting and Operation Commands APPLy {P6V|P25V|N25V}[,{|DEF|MIN|MAX}[,{|DEF|MIN|MAX}]] APPLy? [{P6V|P25V|N25V}] INSTrument [:SELect] {P6V|P25V|N25V} [:SELect]? :NSELect {1|2|3} :NSELect? :COUPle[:TRIGger] {ALL|NONE|} :COUPle[:TRIGger]? MEASure :CURRent[:DC]? [{P6V|P25V|N25V}] [:VOLTage][:DC]? [{P6V|P25V|N25V}] OUTPut [:STATe] {OFF|ON} [:STATe]? :TRACk[:STATe] {OFF|ON} :TRACk[:STATe]? [SOURce:] CURRent[:LEVel][:IMMediat
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference SCPI Command Summary System-Related Commands DISPlay[:WINDow] [:STATe] {OFF|ON} [:STATe]? :TEXT[:DATA] :TEXT[:DATA]? :TEXT:CLEar SYSTem :BEEPer[:IMMediate] :ERRor? :VERSion? *IDN? *RST *TST? 4 *SAV {1|2|3} *RCL {1|2|3} Calibration Commands CALibration :COUNt? :CURRent[:DATA] :CURRent:LEVel {MIN|MAX} :SECure:CODE :SECure:STATe {OFF|ON}, :SECure:STATe? :STRing :STRing? :VOLTage[:DATA] :VOL
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference SCPI Command Summary Status Reporting Commands STATus:QUEStionable [:EVENt]? :ENABle :ENABle? :INSTrument[:EVENt]? :INSTrument:ENABle :INSTrument:ENABle? :INSTrument:ISUMmary[:EVENt]? :INSTrument:ISUMmary:CONDition? :INSTrument:ISUMmary:ENABle :INSTrument:ISUMmary:ENABle? SYSTem:ERRor? *CLS *ESE *ESE? *ESR? *OPC *OPC? *PSC {0|1} *PSC? *SRE *SRE? *STB? *WAI RS-232 Interface Commands S
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference SCPI Command Summary IEEE-488.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Simplified Programming Overview Simplified Programming Overview First-time SCPI users, see page 102 This section gives an overview of the basic techniques used to program the power supply over the remote interface. This section is only an overview and does not give all of the details you will need to write your own application programs. Refer to the remainder of this chapter and also chapter 6, Application Programs, for more details and examples.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Simplified Programming Overview Reading a Query Response Only the query commands (commands that end with “?”) will instruct the power supply to send a response message. Queries return either output values or internal instrument settings.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Simplified Programming Overview Programming Ranges and Output Identifiers Output setting commands require a parameter for programming ranges and an output name or an output number as the identifier of each output and most queries will return a parameter. The programming range for a parameter varies according to the selected output of the power supply. The following table lists the programming ranges, output names, and output numbers for each output.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Using the APPLy Command Using the APPLy Command The APPLy command provides the most straightforward method to program the power supply over the remote interface. You can select the specific output, output voltage, and output current all in one command. APPLy {P6V | P25V | N25V}[,{| DEF | MIN | MAX}[,{| DEF | MIN | MAX}]] This command is combination of INSTrument:SELect, [SOURce:] VOLTage, and [SOURce:]CURRent commands.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Output Setting and Operation Commands Output Setting and Operation Commands This section describes the low-level commands used to program the power supply. Although the APPLy command provides the most straightforward method to program the power supply, the low-level commands give you more flexibility to change individual parameters. See page 102 for programming ranges, output identifiers, and MIN / MAX values in the following commands.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Output Setting and Operation Commands INSTrument:COUPle[:TRIGger] {ALL | NONE |} This command defines a coupling between various logical outputs of the power supply. The couple command consists of an optional subsystem node followed by a single parameter. The only valid parameter for the optional subsystem node is TRIGger subsystem. If no node follows the couple command, TRIGger subsystem is assumed to be coupled.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Output Setting and Operation Commands INSTrument:COUPle[:TRIGger]? This query returns the currently coupled output. Returns “ALL”, “NONE”, or a list. If any output is not coupled, “NONE” is returned. If all of three outputs are coupled, “ALL” is returned. If a list of outputs is coupled, the list is returned. Measurement Commands MEASure:CURRent[:DC]? [{P6V | P25V | N25V}] This command queries the current measured at the output terminals of the power supply.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Output Setting and Operation Commands Output On/Off and Tracking Operation Commands OUTPut[:STATe] {OFF | ON} This command enables or disables all three outputs of the power supply. The state of the disabled outputs is a condition of less than 0.6 volts of opposite polarity with no load and less than 60 mA of opposite direction with a short circuit. At *RST, the output state is off. OUTPut[:STATe]? This command queries the output state of the power supply.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Output Setting and Operation Commands [SOURce:]CURRent[:LEVel]:TRIGgered[:AMPLitude] {| MINimum | MAXimum} This command programs the pending triggered current level of the power supply. The pending triggered current level is a stored value that is transferred to the output terminals when a trigger occurs. A pending triggered level is not affected by subsequent CURRent commands.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Triggering Commands Triggering Commands The power supply's triggering system allows a change in voltage and current when receiving a trigger, to select a trigger source, and to insert a trigger. Triggering the power supply is a multi-step process. • First, you must select an output with the INSTrument:SELect command and then configure the power supply for the triggered output level by using CURRent:TRIGgered and VOLTage:TRIGgered commands.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Triggering Commands • You can also trigger the power supply from the GPIB interface by sending the IEEE-488 Group Execute Trigger (GET) message. The following statement shows how to send a GET from a Agilent Technologies controller. TRIGGER 705 (group execute trigger) • To ensure synchronization when the bus source is selected, send the *WAI (wait) command.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Triggering Commands Triggering Commands INITiate[:IMMediate] This command causes the trigger system to initiate. This command completes one full trigger cycle when the trigger source is an immediate and initiates the trigger subsystem when the trigger source is bus.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference System-Related Commands System-Related Commands DISPlay[:WINDow][:STATe] {OFF | ON} This command turns the front-panel display off or on. When the display is turned off, outputs are not sent to the display and all annunciators are disabled except the ERROR annunciator. The display state is automatically turned on when you return to the local mode. Press the Local key to return to the local state from the remote interface.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference System-Related Commands SYSTem:ERRor? This command queries the power supply's error queue. When the front-panel ERROR annunciator turns on, one or more command syntax or hardware errors have been detected. Up to 20 errors can be stored in the error queue. See “Error Messages” in chapter 5. • Errors are retrieved in first-in-first-out (FIFO) order. The first error returned is the first error that was stored.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference System-Related Commands *RST This command resets the power supply to its power-on state as follows: Command State CURR[:LEV][:IMM] CURR[:LEV]:TRIG DISP[:STAT] INST[:SEL] INST:COUP OUTP[:STAT] OUTP:TRAC TRIG:DEL TRIG:SOUR VOLT[:LEV][:IMM] VOLT[:LEV]:TRIG Output dependent value* Output dependent value* ON P6V NONE OFF OFF 0 BUS 0 0 *The reset operation sets the current of +6V output to 5 A and the current of +25V and -25V outputs to 1 A.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Calibration Commands Calibration Commands See chapter 3 “Calibration Overview”, starting on page 58 for an overview of the calibration features of the power supply. For more detailed discussion of the calibration procedures, see the Service Guide. CALibration:COUNt? This command queries the power supply to determine the number of times it has been calibrated. Your power supply was calibrated before it left the factory.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Calibration Commands CALibration:SECure:STATe {OFF | ON>}, This command unsecures or secures the power supply for calibration. The calibration code may contain up to 12 characters over the remote interface. CALibration:SECure:STATe? This command queries the secured state for calibration of the power supply. The returned parameter is “0” (OFF) or “1” (ON). CALibration:STRing This command records calibration information about your power supply.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference RS-232 Interface Commands RS-232 Interface Commands Use the front-panel “I/O configuration” key to select the baud rate, parity, and the number of data bits (See chapter 3 “Remote Interface Configuration”, starting on page 48). SYSTem:LOCal This command places the power supply in the local mode during RS-232 operation. All keys on the front panel are fully functional. SYSTem:REMote This command places the power supply in the remote mode for RS-232 operation.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Registers The SCPI Status Registers All SCPI instruments implement status registers in the same way. The status system records various instrument conditions in three register groups: the Status Byte register, the Standard Event register, and the Questionable Status register group. The status byte register records high-level summary information reported in the other register groups.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Registers Using such a status register configuration allows a status event to be crossreferenced by output and type of event. The INSTrument register indicates which output(s) have generated an event. The ISUMmary register is a pseudoquestionable status register for a particular logical output.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Registers SCPI Status System Binary Weights 0 = 1 1 = 2 2 2 = 4 3 2 = 8 4 2 = 16 5 2 = 32 6 2 = 64 7 2 = 128 8 2 = 256 9 2 = 512 10 2 = 1024 11 = 2048 2 12 2 = 4096 13 = 8192 2 14 2 = 16384 15 2 2 2 90 = 32768
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Registers The Questionable Status Register The Questionable Status register provides information about unexpected operation of the power supply. Bit 4 reports a fault with the fan, and bit 13 summarizes questionable outputs for any of the three supplies. For example if one of the three supplies is in constant voltage mode and due to an overload looses regulation, bit 13 is set (latched). Send the command STAT:QUES? to read the register.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Registers To determine the operating mode (CV or CC) for the power supply send STAT:QUES:INST:ISUM:COND? , where n is 1, 2, or 3 depending on the output. Bit 1 true indicates the output is in constant voltage mode, bit 0 true indicates constant current mode, both bits true indicates neither the voltage nor the current is regulated, and both bits false indicates the outputs of the power supply are off.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Registers The Standard Event Register The Standard Event register reports the following types of instrument events: power-on detected, command syntax errors, command execution errors, self-test or calibration errors, query errors, or when an *OPC command is executed. Any or all of these conditions can be reported in the Standard Event Summary bit (ESB, bit 5) of Status Byte register through the enable register.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Registers The Standard Event register is cleared when: • You execute the *CLS (clear status) command. • You query the event register using the *ESR? (Event Status register) command. For example, 28 (4 + 8 + 16) is returned when you have queried the status of the Standard Event register, QYE, DDE, and EXE conditions have occurred. The Standard Event Enable register is cleared when: • You execute the *ESE 0 command.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Registers The Status Byte Summary register is cleared when: • You execute the *CLS (clear status) command. • Querying the Standard Event register (*ESR? command) will clear only bit 5 in the Status Byte summary register. For example, 24 (8 + 16) is returned when you have queried the status of the Status Byte register, QUES and MAV conditions have occurred.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Registers Caution The IEEE-488 standard does not ensure synchronization between your bus controller program and the instrument. Use the *OPC? command to guarantee that commands previously sent to the instrument have completed. Executing a serial poll before a *RST,*CLS, or other commands have completed can cause previous conditions to be reported.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference The SCPI Status Registers To Determine When a Command Sequence is Completed 1 Send a device clear message to clear the power supply's output buffer (e.g., CLEAR 705). 2 Clear the event registers with the *CLS (clear status) command. 3 Enable the “operation complete” bit (bit 0) in the Standard Event register by executing the *ESE 1 command. 4 Send the *OPC? (operation complete query) command and enter the result to ensure synchronization.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Status Reporting Commands Status Reporting Commands See diagram “SCPI Status System”, on page 90 in this chapter for detailed information of the status register structure of the power supply. SYSTem:ERRor? This query command reads one error from the error queue. When the front-panel ERROR annunciator turns on, one or more command syntax or hardware errors have been detected. A record of up to 20 errors can be stored in the power supply’s error queue.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Status Reporting Commands STATus:QUEStionable:INSTrument[:EVENt]? This command queries the Questionable Instrument event register. The power supply returns a decimal value which corresponds to the binary-weighted sum of all bits in the register and clears the register. STATus:QUEStionable:INSTrument:ENABle This command sets the value of the Questionable Instrument enable register.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Status Reporting Commands STATus:QUEStionable:INSTrument:ISUMmary:ENABle? This query returns the value of the Questionable Instrument Isummary enable register. n is 1, 2, or 3. *CLS This command clears all event registers and Status Byte register. *ESE This command enables bits in the Standard Event enable register. The selected bits are then reported to the Status Byte. *ESE? This command queries the Standard Event enable register.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Status Reporting Commands *SRE This command enables bits in the Status Byte enable register. *SRE? This command queries the Status Byte Enable register. The power supply returns a decimal value which corresponds to the binary-weighted sum of all bits set in the register. *STB? This command queries the Status Byte summary register. The *STB? command is similar to a serial poll but it is processed like any other instrument command.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference An Introduction to the SCPI Language An Introduction to the SCPI Language SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments) is an ASCII-based instrument command language designed for test and measurement instruments. Refer to “Simplified Programming Overview”, starting on page 70 for an introduction to the basic techniques used to program the power supply over the remote interface. SCPI commands are based on a hierarchical structure, also known as a tree system.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference An Introduction to the SCPI Language Command Format Used in This Manual The format used to show commands in this manual is shown below: CURRent {|MINimum|MAXimum} The command syntax shows most commands (and some parameters) as a mixture of upper- and lower-case letters. The upper-case letters indicate the abbreviated spelling for the command. For shorter program lines, send the abbreviated form. For better program readability, send the long form.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference An Introduction to the SCPI Language Command Separators A colon ( : ) is used to separate a command keyword from a lower-level keyword as shown below: "SOURce:CURRent:TRIGgered" A semicolon ( ; ) is used to separate two commands within the same subsystem, and can also minimize typing. For example, sending the following command string: "SOUR:VOLT MIN;CURR MAX" ...
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference An Introduction to the SCPI Language Querying Parameter Settings You can query the value of most parameters by adding a question mark (?) to the command.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference An Introduction to the SCPI Language SCPI Parameter Types The SCPI language defines several different data formats to be used in program messages and response messages. Numeric Parameters Commands that require numeric parameters will accept all commonly used decimal representations of numbers including optional signs, decimal points, and scientific notation. Special values for numeric parameters like MINimum,MAXimum, and DEFault are also accepted.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference Halting an Output in Progress Halting an Output in Progress You can send a device clear at any time to stop an output in progress over the GPIB interface. The status registers, the error queue, and all configuration states are left unchanged when a device clear message is received. Device clear performs the following actions. • The power supply's input and output buffers are cleared. • The power supply is prepared to accept a new command string.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference SCPI Conformance Information SCPI Conformance Information The Agilent E3631A Power Supply conforms to the 1995.0 version of the SCPI standard. Many of the commands required by the standard are accepted by the power supply but are not described in this manual for simplicity or clarity. Most of these non-documented commands duplicate the functionality of a command already described in this manual.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference SCPI Conformance Information SCPI Confirmed (continued) STATus :QUEStionable[:EVENt]? :QUEStionable:ENABle :QUEStionable:ENABle? :QUEStionable:INSTrument[:EVENt]? :QUEStionable:INSTrument:ENABle :QUEStionable:INSTrument:ENABle? :QUEStionable:INSTrument:ISUMary[:EVENt]? :QUEStionable:INSTrument:ISUMary:CONDition? :QUEStionable:INSTrument:ISUMary:ENABle :QUEStionable:INSTrument:ISUMary:ENABle? SYSTem :BEEPer[:IMMedi
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference SCPI Conformance Information Device Specific Commands The following commands are device-specific to the Agilent E3631A power supply. They are not included in the 1995.0 version of the SCPI standard. However, these commands are designed with the SCPI standard in mind and they follow all of the command syntax rules defined by the standard.
Chapter 4 Remote Interface Reference IEEE-488 Conformance information IEEE-488 Conformance information Dedicated Hardware Lines IEEE-488 Common Commands ATN IFC REN SRQ *CLS *ESE *ESE? *ESR? *IDN? *OPC *OPC? *PSC {0|1} *PSC? *RST *SAV {1|2|3} *RCL {1|2|3} *SRE *SRE? *STB? *TRG *TST? *WAI Attention Interface Clear Remote Enable Service Request Enable Addressed Commands DCL EOI GET GTL LLO SDC SPD SPE Device Clear End or Identify Group Execute Trigger Go To Local Local Lo
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5 5 Error Messages
Error Messages • • • • When the front-panel ERROR annunciator turns on, one or more command syntax or hardware errors have been detected. A record of up to 20 errors is stored in the power supply's error queue. The power supply beeps once each time an error is generated. Errors are retrieved in first-in-first-out (FIFO) order. The first error returned is the first error that was stored. When you have read all errors from the queue, the ERROR annunciator turns off.
Chapter 5 Error Messages Execution Errors Execution Errors -101 Invalid character An invalid character was found in the command string. You may have inserted a character such as #, $, or % in the command keyword or within a parameter. Example: OUTP:TRAC #ON -102 Syntax error Invalid syntax was found in the command string. You may have inserted a blank space before or after a colon in the command header, or before a comma.
Chapter 5 Error Messages Execution Errors -112 Program mnemonic too long A command header was received which contained more than the maximum 12 characters allowed. -113 Undefined header A command was received that is not valid for this power supply. You may have misspelled the command or it may not be a valid command. If you are using the short form of the command, remember that it may contain up to four letters.
Chapter 5 Error Messages Execution Errors -141 Invalid character data Either the character data element contained an invalid character or the particular element received was not valid for the header. -144 Character data too long The character data element contained too many characters. -148 Character data not allowed A discrete parameter was received but a character string or a numeric parameter was expected. Check the list of parameters to verify that you have used a valid parameter type.
Chapter 5 Error Messages Execution Errors -222 Data out of range A numeric parameter value is outside the valid range for the command. Example: TRIG:DEL -3 -223 Too much data A character string was received but could not be executed because the string length was more than 40 characters. This error can be generated by the CALibration:STRing command. -224 Illegal parameter value A discrete parameter was received which was not a valid choice for the command. You may have used an invalid parameter choice.
Chapter 5 Error Messages Execution Errors -430 Query DEADLOCKED A command was received which generates too much data to fit in the output buffer and the input buffer is also full. Command execution continues but all data is lost. -440 Query UNTERMINATED after indefinite response The *IDN? command must be the last query command within a command string.
Chapter 5 Error Messages Self-Test Errors Self-Test Errors The following errors indicate failures that may occur during a self-test. Refer to the Service Guide for more information.
Chapter 5 Error Messages Calibration Errors Calibration Errors The following errors indicate failures that may occur during a calibration. Refer to the Service Guide for more information. 701 Cal security disabled by jumper The calibration security feature has been disabled with a jumper inside the power supply. When applicable, this error will occur at power-on to warn you that the power supply is unsecured. 702 Cal secured The power supply is secured against calibration.
Chapter 5 Error Messages Calibration Errors 740 Cal checksum failed, secure state 741 Cal checksum failed, string data 742 Cal checksum failed, store/recall data in location 1 743 Cal checksum failed, store/recall data in location 2 744 Cal checksum failed, store/recall data in location 3 745 Cal checksum failed, DAC cal constants 746 Cal checksum failed, readback cal constants 747 Cal checksum failed, GPIB address 748 Cal checksum failed, internal data 122
6 6 Application Programs
Application Programs This chapter contains several remote interface application programs to help you develop programs for your own application. Chapter 4, “Remote Interface Reference,” starting on page 63, lists the syntax for the SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments) commands available to program the power supply. Agilent BASIC Programs All of the Agilent BASIC example programs in this chapter were developed and tested on an HP 9000 Series 300 controller.
Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the APPLy Command Using the APPLy Command This program demonstrates the following concepts: • How to use the APPLy command to set output voltages and currents for three outputs. • How to use the *SAV command to store the instrument configuration in memory. Agilent BASIC / GPIB (Program 1) 10 ! 20 ! This program sets the output voltages and currents for 30 ! three outputs.
Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the APPLy Command C / GPIB (Program 1) /*************************************************************************** This program sets up output voltages and currents for three outputs. This program also shows how to use "state storage" to store the instrument configuration in memory. ***************************************************************************/ #include #include #include #include
Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the APPLy Command . . . continued void out_setting(void) { /* Set 5.0 volts/1.0 amp to +6V output, 15 volts/1.0 amp to +25V output and -10 volts/0.8 amps to -25V output. */ static char *cmd_string[]= { "APPL P6V, 5.0, 1.0;" "APPL P25V, 15.0, 1.0;" "APPL N25V, -10.0, 0.8" }; /* Set 5.0 volts / 1.0 amp to +6V output */ /* Set 15.0 volts / 1.0 amp to +25V output */ /* Set -10.0 volts / 0.
Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the APPLy Command . . .
Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the Low-Level Commands Using the Low-Level Commands This program demonstrates the following concepts: • How to use the low-level commands to program three outputs. • How to specify a trigger source and trigger the power supply over the GPIB interface. Agilent BASIC / GPIB (Program 2) 10 ! 20 ! This program uses low-level SCPI commands to program the 30 ! power supply to output a 3 volts/0.5 amps for +6V output, 40 ! 20 volts/0.9 amps for +25V output, and 10 volts/0.
Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the Low-Level Commands QuickBASIC / GPIB (Program 2) REM $INCLUDE: 'QBSETUP' ' ' This program uses low-level SCPI commands to program the power ' supply to output 3 volts/0.5 amps for +6V output, 20 volts/0.9 amps ' for +25V output, and 10 volts/0.5 amps for -25V output. This program ' also shows the use of a trigger received over the GPIB interface to ' initiate a single trigger.
Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the Low-Level Commands . . . continued Info1$ = "INST:SEL P6V" ' Select +6V output Length1% = LEN(Info1$) CALL IOOUTPUTS(Dev&, Info1$, Length1%) IF PCIB.ERR <> NOERR THEN ERROR PCIB.BASERR Info1$ = "VOLT:TRIG 3" ' Set the pending voltage to 3 volts Length1% = LEN(Info1$) CALL IOOUTPUTS(Dev&, Info1$, Length1%) IF PCIB.ERR <> NOERR THEN ERROR PCIB.BASERR Info1$ = "CURR:TRIG 0.5" ' Set the pending current to 0.
Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the Low-Level Commands . . . continued Info1$ = "INIT" ' Initiate the trigger subsystem Length1% = LEN(Info1$) CALL IOOUTPUTS(Dev&, Info1$, Length1%) IF PCIB.ERR <> NOERR THEN ERROR PCIB.BASERR Info1$ = "*TRG" ' Set output changes after time delay Length1% = LEN(Info1$) CALL IOOUTPUTS(Dev&, Info1$, Length1%) IF PCIB.ERR <> NOERR THEN ERROR PCIB.
Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the Status Registers Using the Status Registers This program teaches the following concepts: • How to use the Status Registers to generate an interrupt if a SCPI error occurs. The program sets up the Status Byte and Standard Event register and interrupts the controller if an error is detected. • How to service the interrupt if an error occurs and read the power supply's error queue using the SYST:ERR? command.
Chapter 6 Application Programs Using the Status Registers . . . continued 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 ! ! Set the power supply to an output for three outputs ! OUTPUT @Psup;"APPL P6V,3.0, 0.5" ! Set 3 V/0.5 A for +6V output, OUTPUT @Psup;"APPL P25V,10.0, 0.8" ! Set 10 V/0.8 A for +25V output, OUTPUT @Psup;"APPL N25V,-15.0, 0.2"! Set -15 V/0.
Chapter 6 Application Programs RS-232 Operation Using QuickBASIC RS-232 Operation Using QuickBASIC The following example shows how to send command instruction and receive command responses over the RS-232 interface using QuickBASIC.
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7 7 Tutorial
Tutorial The Agilent E3631A is a high performance instrument capable of delivering clean dc power. But to take full advantage of the performance characteristics designed into the power supply, certain basic precautions must be observed when connecting it for use on the lab bench or as a controlled power supply.
Chapter 7 Tutorial Overview of Agilent E3631A Operation Overview of Agilent E3631A Operation Series regulated power supplies were introduced many years ago and are still used extensively today. The basic design technique, which has not changed over the years, consists of placing a control element in series with the rectifier and load device. Figure 7-1 shows a simplified schematic of a series regulated supply with the series element depicted as a variable resistor.
Chapter 7 Tutorial Overview of Agilent E3631A Operation In terms of performance, linear regulated supplies have a very precise regulating properties and respond quickly to variations of the line and load. Hence, their line and load regulation and transient recovery time are superior to supplies using other regulation techniques. These supplies also exhibit low ripple and noise, are tolerant of ambient temperature changes, and with their circuit simplicity, have a high reliability.
Chapter 7 Tutorial Output Characteristics Output Characteristics An ideal constant-voltage power supply would have a zero output impedance at all frequencies. Thus, as shown in Figure 7-3, the voltage would remain perfectly constant in spite of any changes in output current demanded by the load. Figure 7-3. Ideal Constant Voltage Power Supply Figure 7-4. Ideal Constant Current Power Supply The ideal constant-current power supply exhibits an infinite output impedance at all frequencies.
Chapter 7 Tutorial Output Characteristics Figure 7-5 shows the operating modes of the three outputs of the Agilent E3631A power supply. The operating point of one supply will be either above or below the line RL = RC. This line represents a load where the output voltage and the output current are equal to the voltage and current setting. When the load RL is greater than RC, the output voltage will dominate since the current will be less then the current setting.
Chapter 7 Tutorial Output Characteristics Unregulated State If the power supply should go into a mode of operation that is neither CV or CC, the power supply is unregulated. In this mode the output is not predictable. The unregulated condition may be the result of the ac line voltage below the specifications. The unregulated condition may occur momentarily.
Chapter 7 Tutorial Output Characteristics Figure 7-6. Simplified Diagram of Common Mode and Normal Mode Sources of Noise When the load changes very rapidly, as when a relay contact is closed, the inductance in the hook up wire and in the power supply output will cause a spike to appear at the load. The spike is a function of the rate of change of the load current.
Chapter 7 Tutorial Connecting the Load Connecting the Load Output Isolation The outputs of all three power supplies are isolated from earth ground. Any output terminal may be grounded, or an external voltage source may be connected between any terminal output and ground. However, output terminals must be kept within ±240 Vdc of ground. The ± 25V supplies are tied together at one common terminal. Any one of the three terminals can be tied to ground as needed.
Chapter 7 Tutorial Connecting the Load Load Consideration Capacitive Loading In most cases, the power supply will be stable for almost any size load capacitance. Large load capacitors may cause ringing in the power supply's transient response. It is possible that certain combinations of load capacitance, equivalent series resistance, and load lead inductance will result in instability. If this occurs, the problem may often be solved by either increasing or decreasing the total load capacitance.
Chapter 7 Tutorial Connecting the Load Reverse Current Loading An active load connected to the supply may actually deliver a reverse current to the supply during a portion of its operating cycle. An external source can not be allowed to pump current into the supply without risking loss of regulation and possible damage. These effects can be avoided by preloading the output with a dummy load resistor.
Chapter 7 Tutorial Extending the Voltage Extending the Voltage The power supply may be able to provide voltages greater than its rated maximum outputs if the power-line voltage is at or above its nominal value. Operation can be extended up to 3% over the rated output without damage to the power supply, but performance can not be guaranteed to meet specifications in this region.
Chapter 7 Tutorial Remote Programming Remote Programming During remote programming a constant-voltage regulated power supply is called upon to change its output voltage rapidly. The most important factor limiting the speed of output voltage change is the output capacitor and load resistor. Figure 7-7. Speed of Response - Programming Up (Full Load) The equivalent circuit and the nature of the output voltage waveform when the supply is being programmed upward are shown in Figure 7-7.
Chapter 7 Tutorial Remote Programming If no load resistor is attached to the power supply output terminal, then the output voltage will rise linearly at a rate of CO/IL when programmed upward, and TR = CO(E2-E1)/IL, the shortest possible up-programming time. Figure 7-8. Speed of Response -Programming Down Figure 7-8 shows that when the power supply is programmed down, the regulator senses that the output voltage is higher than desired and turns off the series transistors entirely.
Chapter 7 Tutorial Reliability Reliability Reliability of electronic semiconductor equipment depends heavily on the temperature of the components. The lower the temperature of the components, the better the reliability. The Agilent E3631A incorporates circuitry to reduce the internal power dissipation of the power supply and therefore reduce the internal heat of the power supply. Maximum internal power dissipation occurs at maximum current.
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8 Specifications 8
Specifications The performance specifications are listed in the following pages. Specifications are warranted in the temperature range of 0 to 40 °C with a resistive load. Supplemental characteristics, which are not warranted but are descriptions of performance determined either by design or testing. The service guide contains procedures for verifying the performance specifications. All specifications apply to three outputs unless otherwise specified.
Chapter 8 Specifications Performance Specifications Performance Specifications Output Ratings +6V Output +25V Output -25V Output (@ 0 °C - 40 °C) 0 to +6 V ; 0 to 5 A 0 to +25 V ; 0 to 1 A 0 to -25 V ; 0 to 1 A Programming Accuracy[1] 12 months (@ 25 °C ± 5 °C), ±(% of output + offset) Voltage Current +6V Output 0.1% + 5 mV 0.2% + 10 mA +25V Output 0.05% + 20 mV 0.15% + 4 mA -25V Output 0.05% + 20 mV 0.
Chapter 8 Specifications Performance Specifications Programming Resolution Voltage Current +6V Output 0.5 mV 0.5 mA +25V Output 1.5 mV 0.1 mA -25V Output 1.5 mV 0.1 mA +25V Output 1.5 mV 0.1 mA -25V Output 1.5 mV 0.1 mA +25V Output 10 mV 1 mA -25V Output 10 mV 1 mA Readback Resolution Voltage Current +6V Output 0.5 mV 0.
Chapter 8 Specifications Supplemental Characteristics Supplemental Characteristics Output Programming Range (maximum programmable values) Voltage Current +6V Output 0 to 6.18 V 0 to 5.15 A +25V Output 0 to 25.75 V 0 to 1.03 A -25V Output 0 to -25.75 V 0 to 1.03 A Temperature Coefficient, ±(% of output + offset) Maximum change in output/readback per °C after a 30-minute warm-up +6V Output +25V Output -25V Output Voltage 0.01% + 2 mV 0.01% + 3 mV 0.01% + 3 mV Current 0.02% + 3 mA 0.02% + 0.5 mA 0.
Chapter 8 Specifications Supplemental Characteristics Cooling Fan cooled Operating Temperature 0 to 40 °C for full rated output. At higher temperatures, the output current is derated linearly to 50% at 55 °C maximum temperature. Output Voltage Overshoot During turn-on or turn-off of ac power, output plus overshoot will not exceed 1 V if the output control is set to less than 1 V. If the output control is set to 1 V or higher, there is no overshoot.
Chapter 8 Specifications Supplemental Characteristics Figure 8-1.
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Index A accessories 16 active load 147 adapter kit, Agilent 34399A 55 address, GPIB bus controller 48 address,GPIB 49 annunciators 5 application program 124 APPLy command 125 asterisk 105 B C cable crossover 55 DTE-to-DTE interface 55 modem-eliminator 55 null-modem 55 cable kit, Agilent 34398A 55 calibration Changing security code 61 count 62 error 121 message 62 secure 60 security 58 security code 58 unsecure 59 calibration command 85 calibration error 121 character frame 54 chassis ground 18 colon 10
Index D (continued) display annunciators 5 display control 46 distribution terminal 145 down programming speed 150 DSR 56 DTE 55 DTR 56 DTR/DSR handshake protocol 56 dummy load resistor 147 Index E enable output 77 enable outputs 43 enable register 88 error 114 execution 115 self-test 120 error conditions 45 error message 114 error queue 114 event register 88 execution error 115 external voltage source 145 F feedback control 139 firmware revision query 47 front panel drawing 2 enabled / disable 46 key
Index P (continued) R (continued) preregulation 139 program 124 programming range 72 programming speed 149 down 150 up 149 protocol, DTR/DSR handshake 56 register, enable 88 register, event 88 reliability 151 remote interface configuration 48 reverse polarity diode 148 RS-232 interface 48 RS-232 interface commands 87 RS-232 interface configuration 54 RS-232 operation 135 Q query 71, 105 query command 71 query response 71 questionable status register 91 rack mounting 20 rack mounting kit adapter kit 20
164 Index
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