Pilot’s Guide Fuel Scan FS-450 Copyright 2002 J.P. Instruments, Inc. All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America J.P.INSTRUMENTS Inc. Information: P. O. Box 7033 Huntington Beach, CA 92646 Factory: 3185-B Airway Ave. Costa Mesa, CA 92626 (714) 557-3805 Fax (714) 557-9840 www.jpinstruments.
Table of Contents Section 1 Introduction Product Features Fuel Management Section 2 Displays and Controls Section 3 Modes and Alarms Modes Alarms Section 4 Operation Diagnostic Testing on Startup and During Flight Parameter Indexing Section 5 Personalizing Pilot Programming Section 6 Setting the K factor FS-450 Set Up Fuel Measurement Units, Fuel Capacity, Alarm Limits Section 7 Data Formats, Diagnostics Navigation Data Input Formats Setting GPS-C Communications Output Format Section 8 Rear Panel Connector
Section 1 - Introduction Product Features Fuel quantity measured in gallons, liters, or pounds Low fuel quantity alarm Low fuel time alarm GPS interface—bi-directional serial interface Automatic K-factor calculation Solid-state pulse generating rotor fuel flow transducer Instantaneous fuel flow rate Total amount of fuel consumed Total fuel remaining Time to empty at the current fuel flow rate Fuel Management Without a means of measuring fuel flow, you must rely on the aircraft fuel g
Section 2 - Displays and Controls The FS-450 helps you manage your fuel. There are three components of the user interface: Digital display for numeric readouts and messages: top display is fuel flow per hour and the lower display for all other parameters.
Two operating buttons control all functions of the FS-450. The term tap will be used to denote pressing a button momentarily. The term hold will be used to denote pressing and holding a button for five seconds or longer. STEP Button Located on the lower left side near the instrument face. Tapping the STEP button will stop Automatic Indexing and change to the Manual indexing mode. Then each tap of the STEP button will display the next parameter in the sequence.
STEP and AUTO buttons Holding both the STEP and AUTO buttons simultaneously for five seconds changes to the pilot programming procedure. Section 3 - Modes and Alarms Modes There are two standard operating modes of the FS-450: Automatic Indexing, and Manual Indexing. Most of the time you will operate the FS-450 in the Automatic indexing mode. When you first turn on the power the FS-450 starts in the Manual indexing mode, but will enter the Automatic indexing mode after a minute.
Section 4 - Operation Diagnostic Testing on Startup and During Flight When your FS-450 is first turned on, all digits light up in each display for a short time, permitting you to check for non-functional segments. Then the FS-450 tests internal components, and integrity of the system. Start Up Fuel After initial self-test, you will be asked to inform the FS-450 of start up fuel. The FS-450 will display (or or ) for one second, and then flash until any button is pressed.
* These values are examples and will be customized for your aircraft. Then tap the STEP button to complete the entry and advance to the Manual indexing mode. Adding Fuel and Auxiliary Tanks auxiliary tank Auxiliary capacity main tank Main capacity tab main tank with tab If your aircraft has tank fill tabs and no auxiliary tanks, you can use the auxiliary tank feature to select either filling to the tank tabs or topping the tank.
Accumulate Total—Trip Total You may either display total fuel used since the last time you informed the FS-450 that the aircraft was refueled, or for an extended trip with multiple fuel stops. This selection affects only the USD parameter. How to select whether to accumulate for a extended trip or reset at each refueling is described in “Pilot Programming” beginning on page 8.
Parameter Indexing Sequence Fuel flow rate is always shown on the top display. Fuel Flow Rate Single Fuel Flow Rate Twin I3.5 14.4 GPH (or LPH, or PPH) 13.7 GPH (or LPH, or PPH) The lower display shows the following parameters in this sequence. Parameter Description Example Comments 38.2 37.2 02.45 Since last refueling or trip total. REQ—Fuel required to next GPS WPT or Destination 25.8 Present with GPS interface Valid signal and way point RES—Fuel Reserve at next GPS WPT or Destination 1 1.
shown in the chart below. Tap the STEP button to advance to the next item in the list. Tap the AUTO button to select alternate values of that item. Tap STEP to advance to the next item Tap AUTO to sequence Comments Y—Yes—to change fuel status (see page 5 … Indexing rate in the Automatic Indexing Mode. Selecting 0, disables the Automatic Indexing Mode. Used to set and fine tune the K factor. To adjust the K-factor, hold both STEP and AUTO buttons for five seconds.
Start Up Fuel During flight you may also inform the FS-450 of startup fuel using the pilot program mode. See page 5 for the steps to take to set the start up fuel if you did not set it during power up. Indexing Rate In the automatic mode the display will automatically index through each parameter and pause for a period of time. The pause time can be set from between 1 and 9 seconds. Set the rate to 0 to inhibit the automatic indexing mode.
used, fuel remaining and time to empty are not retroactively recalculated. Fine Tuning the K Factor The K factor shown on the fuel flow transducer does not take into account your aircraft’s particular installation. Fuel hose diameters and lengths, elbows, fittings and routing can cause the true K factor to be different from that shown on the fuel flow transducer. Section 6 - Setting the K factor Use the following procedure to determine the new K factor. 1.
Every time you fine tune the K factor, record the measurements here: FS-450 fuel USeD actual fuel used Current K factor New K factor = x/ Date Pilot’s initials If you haven’t already done so, start the pilot programming procedure, simultaneously hold the STEP and AUTO buttons for five seconds. You will see the words for two seconds. 1. Tap STEP button twice to advance to the display 2. Press STEP button. First digit blinks: 29.00 3. Tap or Hold the AUTO button to change flashing digit: 19.00 4.
Setting the GPS-C Comm settings The GPS-C setting selects the format of the fuel data output of the FS-450.
Changing the FS-450 Set Up You may need to change the fuel measurement units, the fuel tank capacity, and may prefer to set your own alarm limits. Follow the procedure outlined below to change any of the factory default settings. To start the Set Up procedure, after power up, wait until the FS-450 completes its self test and is in the Automatic or Manual indexing mode. If in doubt, tap the STEP button a few times. Then follow the steps illustrated below.
Hold or tap AUTO to select AUX capacity Hold or tap AUTO to select low time limit Hold or tap AUTO to select low quantity limit F = 1, 2 or 3 Auxiliary tank capacity (skipped if AUX? is no) Alarm limit in minutes for low time in tanks Alarm limit for low fuel quantity in tanks, in units selected Y—Yes—carbureted engine will go to the next step Higher is smoother filter Y—Yes— has fuel return transducer Y—Yes to exit; N—No to review list again Fuel Measurement Units, Fuel Capacity, Alarm Limits F
Main Tank Capacity Enter the total capacity of the main tanks in the fuel flow units selected. If you have tank tabs (but no auxiliary tanks) and sometimes fill only to the tabs, set the main tank capacity to the capacity up to the tabs. Auxiliary Tanks If you do not have auxiliary tanks or tank tabs, answer “No.” If you answer “Yes,” you will be asked to input the capacity of the auxiliary tanks in the fuel flow units selected.
Section 7 - Data Formats, Diagnostics Navigation Data Input Formats Output of GPS; input to FS-450. The FS-450 automatically configures itself for one of three industry standard data formats: Format Baud rt NMEA-183 (Marine Navigation Data Format) 4,800 This is the format for most handheld GPS receivers. Loran must have sentences RMA & RMB. GPS must have sentences RMB & RMC.
Setting GPS-C Communications Output Format GPS-C 0 1* 2* 3 4 5 6 7 8 Input to GPS; output of FS-450 No fuel data output Garmin (Shadin Miniflow format) (to waypoint) Allied Signal (format B) (to waypoint) Arnav/EI fuel data (to waypoint) Allied Signal (format C) (to waypoint) (Not used) Garmin 430/530/295, UPS fuel/air data (to WAYPOINT) Garmin 430/530/295, UPS fuel/air data (to DESTINATION) Allied Signal (to DESTINATION) * Recommended formats.
Navigation Data (output of GPS; input to FS-450) Compatible with RS-232, TTL, RS-423, RS-422 SDA. Serial data format 8 data, 1 start, no parity. Baud rates: 1,200, 4,800, or 9,600 depending on the GPS data output format. The FS-450 automatically detects the GPS data output format and is independent of the GPS-C setting. Fuel Data (input to GPS; output of FS-450) Serial data format 8 data, 1 start, no parity. Baud rate: 9,600.
Section 9 - Technical Support offers both e-mail and telephone technical support. Have your model and serial number ready when you call. Call JPI for a return authorization number before returning any equipment. JPI J.P.INSTRUMENTS 3185-B Airway Ave, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 800 345-4574 714 557-3805 www.jpinstruments.com Limited Warranty J.P. Instruments, Inc. (JPI), warrants all parts in your new FS-450 to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use.
Index A Accumulate, 12 total, 7 Adding fuel, 5, 6 Adjusting K-factor, 10 Alarm limits factory defaults, 13 low fuel, 16 Alarms, 4 resetting, 4 Allied Signal, 13, 18 Arnav, 13, 18 AUTO button, 3 Auto K-factor, 9 Automatic Indexing Mode, 4 Auxiliary tanks, 5, 16 Aviation data format, 17 B Baud rate, 19 Beginning fuel, 5 Brightness, adjust, 13 C Calibration K-factor, 10 Capacity, fuel tank, 6 CARB?, 15 Carburetor, 16 Changing the set up, 13 COM, 18 Connector, 19 Controls, 2 Custom programming, 8 alarm limit
data formats, 17 GPS-C, 9 interface diagnostics, 18 H H.
T Tabs, 5 Tabs, tank, 16 Tanks, fuel capacity, 6, 16 tabs, 6, 16 Tapping a button, 3 Technical support, 20 Test, self, 5 Time to empty, 8 Top fuel tanks.
FS-450 Specifications FAA Approved Fuel Flow Transducer: STC SA00432SE Operating Temperature Range: Display Size: 2 1/4 in panel mount 2.6 in. sq., 2.5 in. deep incl. conn. 3.12 in panel mount 3.26” x 3.26” x 1.56” depth, 3.12 round Bezel -40 to 195 oF Resolution and Display Range display K factor range: Fuel flow: Fuel Remaining: Fuel Used: Time to Empty: Page 24 maximum display value 5,000 to 99,990 Accuracy (8 to 60 GPH) 140.0 GPH at K factor 85,000 410.
FS-450 Quick Reference Card Reset Alarm Totalize Fuel Used Temporary reset (next 10 minutes): tap STEP. 1. Hold both STEP and AUTO until you see: Reset for remainder of flight: hold STEP until the word appears. immediately followed by: Reset Fuel Used 2. Tap STEP three times and see: 1. Tap STEP until USD indicator lights up. 2. Hold AUTO for 3 seconds to reset fuel used to 0. No Fuel Added 1. On initial power up see: 2. Tap STEP to exit. 3.
FS-450 Quick Reference Card Filled Tanks Added or Removed Fuel In flight do steps 1, 2, 3 first (on power up skip to step 4) In flight do steps 1, 2, 3 first (on power up skip to step 4) 1. Hold both STEP and AUTO until you see: 1. Hold both STEP and AUTO until you see: immediately followed by: immediately followed by: 2. Tap AUTO and see: 2. Tap AUTO and see: 3. Tap STEP. 3. Tap STEP. 4. See: 4. See: immediately followed by: immediately followed by: 5. Tap AUTO and see: 5.
