Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch User Guide Part No.
First edition December 1996 Copyright © 1996, Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. Intel Corporation, 5200 NE Elam Young Parkway, Hillsboro, OR 97124-6497 Intel Corporation assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this manual. Nor does Intel make any commitment to update the information contained herein. * Other product and corporate names may be trademarks of other companies and are used only for explanation and to the owners’ benefit, without intent to infringe.
Contents Quick Start Chapter 1 1 Hardware Installation and Network Topology 3 Overview .......................................................................................................................................... 3 Installation and Setup ....................................................................................................................... 4 Using the Switch .......................................................................................................................
C O N T E N T S Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch SNMP Commands .......................................................................................................................... 48 SNMP community strings ........................................................................................................ 48 SNMP trap message commands ............................................................................................... 49 Switching Database Commands ...........................
Quick Start 1. Install the Express 10/100 Switch in a rack or on a shelf or table and plug the cord in. If you’re in Europe or Asia, or any other country that has a 220-volt electrical system, set the power supply switch to 230 (115 is the default). Otherwise, leave the switch set to 115. Turn the power on. Brackets and screws for standard 19-inch equipment rack placement. Rubber feet for shelf or table placement. 2. Connect the network devices to the switch.
(Optional) Quick Start for SNMP Management 4. Use the null-modem cable to connect the Console port to a COM port on a workstation. A null-modem cable is provided with the switch. 5. Open a terminal emulation program (such as HyperTerminal in Microsoft Windows* 95). Use these communication parameters: • • • • • 9600 baud 8 data bits No parity 1 stop bit Xon/Xoff flow control 6. Press E and log into the Console Manager: Login: password: By default, no password or user name is assigned.
1 Hardware Installation and Network Topology Overview The Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch features eight autonegotiating 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX ports. Each port supports an Ethernet (10 Mbps) or Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps) segment. The switch also has two slots for optional two-port media adapters (such as 100BASE-TX or 100BASE-FX).
C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Installation and Setup 1 Install the switch in a rack or on a shelf. For rack placement, connect the switch to a 19-inch rack using the enclosed rack mount brackets. For shelf placement, attach the enclosed rubber feet to each corner of the bottom of the switch and place it on a flat, level surface. 2 WARNING If you’re in a country that has a 220-volt electrical system, you must set the power switch to 230.
C H A P T E R 1 Hardware Installation and Network Topology Using the Switch The switch requires minimal user intervention. It automatically learns the addresses of new devices as you connect them, and will relearn addresses dynamically if you reconfigure the network. It also automatically detects the speed of connected devices. You don’t need to manually set the speed. Port status LEDs Ports on the switch are wired MDI-X for connection to MDI ports using a straight-through UTP cable.
C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Flow Flow control. Lights whenever too much traffic is entering on a port. When this happens, the switch’s buffers fill and it’s forced to back pressure the traffic out to the segment for retransmission. This allows the switch’s buffers to clear before the segment retransmits the traffic. See page 73 for a description of flow control. 100 Speed. Lights when a 100BASE-TX device is connected to the port.
C H A P T E R 1 Hardware Installation and Network Topology Cabling Requirements Incorrect cabling is often the cause of network configuration problems. It’s important that you understand cabling requirements before connecting devices to the switch. UTP requirements The 100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet specification requires you use Category 5 unshielded twisted-pair (CAT 5 UTP) cabling to operate at 100 Mbps per second.
C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Straight-through vs. crossover cables Ports on the switch are wired MDI-X so you can use a straightthrough cable when connecting to a workstation or server (adapter cards are wired MDI). For direct connection to another MDI-X port (most hubs and some switches), you must use a crossover cable. NIC RJ-45 (MDI) Switch/Hub RJ-45 (MDI-X) NOTE When making your own cables, wires 1 and 2 must be a twisted pair and 3 and 6 must be a twisted pair.
C H A P T E R 1 Hardware Installation and Network Topology Determining which cable to use Different switch and repeater manufacturers implement their port configurations differently. The following guidelines are based on the Express 10/100 Switch, the Intel Express 100BASE-TX Stackable Hub (repeater) and the EtherExpress™ family of adapters (server or workstation).
C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Typical Configurations Configuring the mixed 10 and 100 Mbps workgroup environment In the mixed 10 and 100 Mbps environment, workgroup clients should be connected to a hubs such as the Intel Express 10/100BASE-TX Stackable Hub. All hub stacks should be connected to the Express 10/100 Switch. Servers or busy workstations should also be connected directly to the 10/100 Switch.
C H A P T E R 1 Hardware Installation and Network Topology Configuration guidelines: Servers or workstations: Configure servers or workstations directly connected to the switch for full duplex. Since the traffic is two-way traffic, you’ll see a performance increase with a full duplex configuration. See page 22 for instructions on configuring full duplex.
C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Configuring the Wide Area Network (WAN) or multi-floor environment Connections to the backbone are most effective using fiber optic cabling, especially when devices are separated by multiple floors or buildings. This extends the distance between devices to 2 kilometers at full duplex.
C H A P T E R 1 Hardware Installation and Network Topology Configuration guidelines: Fiber optic connections to switches or routers: Use multi-mode fiber to connect to a router or another switch. You must purchase a 100BASE-FX expansion module separately (Intel order code ES101MAFX). Each module comes with two ports. If the switch or router is capable of full duplex, the maximum cable length between the two devices is 2 kilometers. At half duplex the maximum is 412 meters.
C H A P T E R 1 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Repeater count limitations The switch doesn’t count as a repeater. Each port on the switch can support a full Fast Ethernet or Ethernet network. 10BASE-T There can be four 10BASE-T repeaters/hubs between the switch and any workstation or server. However, only three of the repeaters can have devices attached.
2 Configuring and Managing the Switch You don’t need to read this chapter or Chapter 3 unless you want to change the Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch’s default configuration (see Appendix A for a list of defaults) or intend to manage the switch. The switch is ready to go simply by plugging it in and turning the power on.
C H A P T E R 2 NOTE For more information about any of the commands used in this chapter, see Chapter 3, Console Command Reference. Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Accessing the Console Manager The Console Manager software is contained in the switch’s nonvolatile RAM (NVRAM). You don’t need to install any software. To access the Console Manager: NOTE 1 Use the null-modem cable (included with the switch) to connect a workstation’s COM port to the Console port on the switch.
C H A P T E R 2 Configuring and Managing the Switch Using the Console Manager The Console Manager provides an out-of-band (not on the network) connection to the switch. Use the Console Manager to • assign an IP configuration to the switch. • configure the ports. • monitor network performance. • create VLANs. Entering commands To enter commands, type the command name followed by any parameters and press E.
C H A P T E R 2 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Some commands have parameters that determine how settings are saved and when they’re implemented. Some are changed in • the running configuration so that the new value is used immediately (the run option). • the NVRAM so that the changes are saved and occur only in the next session (the nvram option). • both the running and the NVRAM configuration (the all option).
C H A P T E R 2 Configuring and Managing the Switch Console Manager command groups The Console Manager has several categories of commands: • Console commands: help, banner, login/logout, console parameters setup. • System commands: system status, reset commands, download commands, and system debug commands. • IP commands: IP address setup, parameter and information display, and remote boot setup. • SNMP agent commands: SNMP community string settings, management, and trap options.
C H A P T E R 2 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Sample Console Manager Session Refer to the diagram below when reading the sample configuration procedures on pages 21 through 29.
C H A P T E R 2 Configuring and Managing the Switch Configuring the SNMP agent for IP You can monitor and control the switch through any SNMP-compliant network management system (NMS). First, you must configure the SNMP agent by assigning an IP address. In the diagram on page 20, a laptop is used to connect to the switch’s serial port. You must connect directly to the serial port for first-time IP configuration. See page 16 for more information on connecting to the switch via the serial port.
C H A P T E R 2 NOTE You must have a point-topoint connection to establish a full-duplex connection (shared hubs/repeaters/ concentrators aren’t capable of full duplex). Additionally, both points of the connection must be configured for full duplex. Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Configuring a port for full duplex Configuring a port for full duplex allows the switch to send and receive packets simultaneously with the destination device.
C H A P T E R 2 Configuring and Managing the Switch Creating Virtual LANs (VLANs) You can create two types of VLANs: • Security VLANs (SVLANs). Ports in an SVLAN can exchange frames only with other ports in the same SVLAN. SVLANs are used for security to prevent access to devices on the network. They’re also used to reduce unnecessary traffic on the network since all traffic, including broadcast and unicast frames, is prevented from crossing SVLAN boundaries. • Virtual Broadcast Domains (VBDs).
C H A P T E R 2 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch 2 Create the two SVLANs. Type the commands: set-sec-vlan all 3-5-7 set-sec-vlan all 1-2-3-4-6-7-8 These commands create two SVLANs and saves the entries in NVRAM. Replace all with nvram to save the entry without changing it immediately or with run to change the entry now without saving it. 3 To display a summary of saved SVLANs, type: get-svlan-tbl nvram Any SVLANs created with the nvram or all options are displayed.
C H A P T E R 2 Configuring and Managing the Switch Monitoring traffic Use monitoring commands to determine the traffic volume from specific ports or between ports. This information helps you determine the network’s traffic patterns so you can adjust your network topology for maximum efficiency. Make sure you get a good statistical representation of your network.
C H A P T E R 2 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch To check traffic on a port 1 Determine the port you want to check. 2 Type the command.
C H A P T E R 2 Configuring and Managing the Switch Interpreting Statistics Detecting faulty adapters or hub ports If Too Long errors or Jabbers (packets that are too long and misaligned) occur consistently on a port, the connected node may have a faulty adapter or port. If the adapter works properly in other computers, there are other possible causes you can check: • Is the cable connecting the node too long? UTP cable can’t exceed 100 meters and must be CAT 5 when running at 100 Mbps.
C H A P T E R 2 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Statistic Definitions Transmit OK: The number of valid frames sent from the port. Underflow Errors: Internal error. A normal ratio of this counter to the Transmit OK counter is 1% or less. Exces Coll Errors: Increments when the port unsuccessfully transmits a packet 16 consecutive times. Exces Fctrl Errors: Increments when the port applies flow control 16 consecutive times. See page 73 for more information.
C H A P T E R 2 Configuring and Managing the Switch etherStatsMcastPkts: The number of frames that are detected without errors and are directed to a non-broadcast group address. This doesn’t include frames received with Too Long, Runt, FCS, or Alignment errors. etherStatsCRCAllignPkts: The number of packets received that had a length (excluding framing bits, but including FCS octets) of between 64 and 1518 octets and had a bad Frame Check Sequence (FCS) with either an FCS error or an Alignment error.
3 Console Command Reference Type ? at the Console Manager prompt to display the list of available command groups and a short explanation of each. Type the name of a group to display commands relevant to that group.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Console Command-line Summary Console Commands help-kbd Lists the help and shortcut keys. banner Displays the Console Manager logo. clear Clears the screen. login Exits Console Manager and displays the login screen. logout Exits Console Manager and any active Telnet session. set-prompt Changes the console prompt. set-passwd Changes the console password. System Commands sys-stat Displays system status.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference set-sw-file Sets the SNMP agent software filename for download. get-rsw-file Displays the SNMP agent software remote filename. set-rsw-file Sets the SNMP agent software remote filename for download. get-tftp-srvr Displays the IP address of the TFTP server. set-tftp-srvr Sets the TFTP download server IP address. sw-dnld Starts the SNMP software download from the defined TFTP server.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch set-slip-conf Sets the SLIP configuration. get-gatew Displays the default gateway. set-gatew Sets the default gateway. get-arp-tbl Displays the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) table. del-arp-entry Deletes one or all entries from the ARP table. add-arp-entry Adds an entry to the ARP table. get-bootp Displays the state of the BOOTP process.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference Switching Database Commands get-lt-entry Displays a switching database entry. get-lt-16 {|*> Displays 16 switching database entries starting at a given item number. find-lt-addr Searches for an address in the switching database. del-lt-entry Removes a switching database entry. del-lt-addr Removes the switching database entry for a given address.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch get-svlan-tbl {run|nvram} Displays the SVLAN table. set-mon-port Sets the monitoring port. monitor Starts port monitoring. stop-mon Stops port monitoring. get-lt-filter Displays the filter for a given MAC address. get-con-matrix Displays the VLAN connectivity matrix. get-vbc-matrix Displays the VBC connectivity matrix. Spanning Tree Commands get-stp Displays the spanning tree session state.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference Port Configuration Commands get-port-cfg Displays the configuration of all the ports. set-port-dplex {half|full} Sets a port’s duplex mode to half or full. set-speed-sel {asense|10|100} Sets a port’s speed to 10, 100, or auto detect. set-port-fctrl {on|off} Sets a port’s flow control on or off. Switching Statistics Commands clr-cnt Resets the counters for Ethernet and bridging statistics.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Console Commands help-kbd Lists the console function keys. SYS_console> ? or TAB ! or ^P TAB ^U ^W - help-kbd for a list of the categories for previous command for command completion to clear the line to clear the previous word banner Displays the Express 10/100 Switch Console Manager logo. clear Clears the screen and displays the command prompt. login Exits the Console Manager, but doesn’t disconnect a Telnet session.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference set-passwd Changes the console password. The system first prompts you for the old password. You then type a new password and retype it for verification. Passwords never appear on the screen. SYS_console> set-passwd Enter old password: Enter new password: Enter new password again: CLI running password changed CLI password change in the NVRAM OK If you enter the old password incorrectly or don’t verify the new password correctly, the password isn’t changed.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch The screen displays the following information: • SNMP agent software version and release date. • Device SNMP object ID. • Device MAC address. • System uptime (in 1/100 of a second) and in days, hours, minutes, and seconds. • Port description and status. Ports 9 through 12 are labeled as “missing” unless you have optional media adapters installed. get-stst-level Displays the self-test level set by the set-stst-level command.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference init-nvram Resets the NVRAM on the SNMP agent to the default values. The changes don’t take effect until you use the warm-reset or cold-reset commands or cycle the power. Appendix A lists the default values. set-line-slip set-line-slip {9600|19200|38400} Changes the console serial port to SLIP mode for out-of-band SNMP management. The command argument is the new baud for the interface. You can use SLIP with a terminal server but not with a modem.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch set-rsw-file set-rsw-file Sets the name of the SNMP agent software remote file for download. This is the file downloaded from a TFTP server, if you’ve defined one. get-tftp-srvr Displays the TFTP server IP address to be used for downloading SNMP agent software. set-tftp-srvr set-tftp-srvr Sets the TFTP server IP address to be used for downloading SNMP agent software.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference start-fg start-fg Starts frame generation. dport-bitmask is a hex bitmask of the ports to generate traffic on. For example, a dport-bitmask of 3E sends frames to ports 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. The count specifies the number of frames to send on each port. A count of 0 sends packets until you type the stop-fg command. The rate specifies the number of packets per second to generate. stop-fg Stops the frame generator.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch set-ip set-ip Sets the IP address of the switch (technically, the switch’s SNMP agent). If no IP address was previously set (default configuration), the new value is saved in NVRAM and used immediately. Otherwise, the new value is stored in NVRAM, but you must use the warm-reset command or cycle the power for changes to take effect. set-ip 192.001.001.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference get-slip-conf Displays the current SLIP configuration. set-slip set-slip Sets the SLIP address, which can’t be the same as the IP address. set-slip-conf set-slip-conf Sets the SLIP configuration. The arguments are the same as set-ip-conf. get-gatew Displays the default gateway. Use this default router when accessing a different IP network.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Ping Commands The ping command sends an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request packet to a station. The ping process is asynchronous, so any responses are mixed in with other system console messages. For this reason, it’s best to avoid typing other commands (except ping-stop, which cancels the ping) while the process is active.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) Commands get-arp-tbl Displays the ARP table. The table lists the port and MAC address for each IP address the switch has communicated with recently. SYS_console> get-arp-tbl IfIndex IpAddress MAC Address ==================================================== 1 129.001.001.001 00-40-05-2D-73-9C 1 129.001.001.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch SNMP Commands Use these commands to configure the SNMP agent itself — access and trap configuration. SNMP community strings SNMP community strings authenticate access to the Management Information Base (MIB). Community strings function as “passwords” embedded in every SNMP packet. The community string must match a community strings configured in the switch before the message can be processed.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference SNMP trap message commands If the switch detects an irregular event, it generates a trap. A trap is a notification message that can be sent to predefined network management stations. A trap event can be a cold or warm reset, detection of a port link status change, an SNMP authentication failure due to an incorrect community string, or similar event. The SNMP trap commands let you specify • whether the Express 10/100 Switch issues an authentication trap.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch add-trap add-trap Enters the IP address of the receiving station and the trap community string that appears in the trap message. The trap table can contain up to five receiving stations. SYS_console> add-trap 129.1.1.76 engineering Entry 129.1.1.76 - rnd added SNMP TRAP TABLE =============== IPADDR COMMUNITY ----------------------------------------------129.001.001.065 ----------public 129.001.001.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference Self (not user configurable). If on (denoted as a +), the entry is a system address. These are the switch’s individual and group addresses, as well as other addresses added by the management system. If off (denoted as a -), the entry contains the MAC address of a station on the network. Dport. The destination port where frames from the MAC address are forwarded. This doesn’t apply if the MAC address has a custom filter applied to it. Mgmt.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch get-lt-16 get-lt-16 {|*} Displays 16 switching database entries starting at index (or * to continue from the last displayed index). NOTE In the example, entries 10-17 are system entries and can’t be deleted or modified. Entries 18 and up are automatically learned MAC addresses, as indicated by lock = OFF (-) and by self = OFF (-).
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference find-lt-addr find-lt-addr Searches for a MAC address in the switching database and displays its description, if found. SYS_console>find-lt-addr 00-40-05-2B-16-3D Entry ---- MAC Address ---- LOCK SELF DPORT MGMT ============================================================== 40 00-40-05-2B-16-3D - - 3 - del-lt-entry del-lt-entry Deletes the specified switching database entry, using the entry number from the get-lt-16 command.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch get-lt-age Displays the switching database aging time in seconds. This is the amount of time the switch stores a device’s MAC address before clearing it from the database. An entry whose MAC address doesn’t appear in the source field of an incoming packet for this period of time is discarded. The default is 300 seconds.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference SYS_console> get-lt-filter 00aa00a5898b 12 00-AA-00-A5-89-8B SRC PORT to : MGMT P1 LOCK_OFF P2 P3 P4 SELF_OFF --- VIRTUAL LAN ----P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 ================================================================ 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 + 11 + 12 + - get-lt-filter get-lt-filter Displays the custom filter for the specified MAC address. See the previous example.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch del-cf-entry del-cf-entry {run|nvram} Deletes the custom filter entry for address mac_address from source port sport. Ports are deleted one at a time by entering the port number. Select run to delete the entry from the currently running table only. Select nvram to remove the entry from the NVRAM as well as the currently running table. get-nv-cftbl Displays the custom filter table stored in NVRAM.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference get-con-matrix Displays the current connectivity matrix for the switch. The first column is the source port. The other columns are destinations where frames from a given source port can be forwarded. Unlearned addresses (addresses that aren’t in the switching database) are forwarded to all ports marked with a + in the source port’s row. Learned addresses are forwarded to their destinations only if the destination is marked with a + in the source port’s row.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch set-vbc-domain set-vbc-domain {run|nvram|all} Establishes a virtual broadcast domain (VBD). port_list is a list of ports, separated by dashes, to group into a broadcast domain. set-vbc-domain all 2-5-6-7 This creates a VBD of ports 2, 5, 6, and 7. del-vbc-domain del-vbc-domain {run|nvram} Deletes a virtual broadcast domain. Use the get-vbc-tbl command to see a list of domain ID numbers.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference get-svlan-tbl get-svlan-tbl {run|nvram} Displays the table of defined SVLANs. SYS_console> get-svlan-tbl run RUNTIME SECURITY VIRTUAL LANs TABLE ================================ SVLAN ID P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 P10 P11 P12 =========================================================== 1: + + + 2: + + + - In this example, ports 1, 2, and 3 are an SVLAN and ports 1, 2, and 5 are an SVLAN.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Spanning Tree Commands Spanning tree automatically configures a loop-free topology in a bridged environment. The spanning tree agent is implemented in conformance with the IEEE 802.1d standard. In most cases, the defaults work fine and you won’t need to change any parameters. Example Spanning tree is enabled anytime a packet could potentially be caught in an infinite loop on the network.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference get-stp get-stp Displays the current state of spanning tree (either enabled or disabled). By default, spanning tree is enabled in accordance with 802.1d. SYS_console> get-stp Running Spanning Tree engine is enabled Next session the Spanning Tree engine will be enabled set-stp set-stp {enable|disable} Enables or disables the spanning tree protocol. Enabled is the default.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch get-st-pcfg get-st-pcfg Displays the spanning tree port parameter table. If spanning tree is disabled, parameters aren’t displayed.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference set-br-prio set-br-prio Sets the spanning tree bridge priority. Bridge priority forces a bridge to be selected as the root bridge, or as a designated bridge. The bridge priority is a value used in determining the identity of the root bridge. The bridge with the lowest value has the highest priority and will be selected as the root. is a number from 0 to 65535. This is equivalent to setting the MIB variable dot1dStpPriority (RFC 1493).
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch set-br-fwdel set-br-fwdel Sets the spanning tree bridge forward delay. Forward delay is the time interval in seconds spent waiting to change a port from its spanning tree preforwarding state to a forwarding state. This is necessary because every bridge on the network should ensure no loop is formed before allowing the port to forward packets. is in seconds, from 4 to 30.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference Port Configuration Commands Use these commands to configure and display port settings. get-port-cfg Displays the current port configuration.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch set-port-dplex set-port-dplex {half|full} Specifies whether the given port is in full-duplex or half-duplex (standard Ethernet) mode. The default is half-duplex. You must set the port speed to either 10 or 100 (asense is the default) before setting a port to full-duplex.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference get-eth-cnt get-eth-cnt Displays the Ethernet Statistics Counters for port port-number. This is almost identical to the Ethernet-like Statistics Group of the Ethernet MIB.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch get-rmon-cnt get-rmon-cnt Displays the remote monitoring (RMON) statistics group 1 counters for port.
C H A P T E R 3 Console Command Reference • packets lost (if flow control is disabled) or number of packets retransmitted by the originator due to flow control (if flow control is enabled). • packets or bytes forwarded to each port. For the port you specified, the number of packets or bytes represents filtered frames. Filtered frames are ones that don’t need to be forwarded because they’re destined for the same port they came in on.
C H A P T E R 3 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch get-mgm-brcnt Displays the counters for the management interface. Management counters are continually updated even when no devices are attached to the switch (this is why the port Xmt LEDs always blink). This information is useful for seeing how much traffic the management interface is generating compared to the rest of the switch. This amount is usually insignificant.
4 Troubleshooting If you have problems with your Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch, use this chapter to help identify the problem and find a possible solution. If you can’t find information in this chapter about the problem you’re having, get the following information: • The serial number of the Express 10/100 Switch printed on the back side of the switch. • The firmware revision number displayed by the Console Manager sys-stat message.
C H A P T E R 4 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch General Problems If you’re having problems with the switch, follow the steps below: 72 1 Verify that your cables are wired correctly. This is the most common problem. Use a UTP crossover cable to directly connect to a repeater or another switch. Use straight-through cables when connecting to servers or workstations. Try both the MDI and MDI-X connectors on port 1 if you’re unsure of which cable to use. See page 8 for more information.
C H A P T E R 4 Troubleshooting 9 Restore the switch’s defaults with the init-nvram command and then reset the switch with the cold-reset command. Flow Control Problems During times of peak network usage, you may occasionally see the Flow LED blink (for a description of the LED, see page 6). This is normal.
C H A P T E R 4 Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch A port’s Flow LED flashes whenever a received packet needs to be forwarded to a port that already has too many packets queued. This indicates a temporary overload situation on one port; the total traffic to the port exceeds the amount its buffer can hold. This usually occurs when there are several fast devices on different ports trying to access a device across the switch (for example, 100 Mbps workstations accessing a 10 Mbps server).
A Technical Information This chapter contains detailed information on default port and switch configuration options, product specifications, and supported standards for SNMP and MIB features. Default Configuration System Internal software filename: flash12.
A p p e n d i x A Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Ports 1-8 Type: 10BASE-T/100BASE-TX (auto detecting), twisted-pair Ethernet (TPE) Duplex mode: Half Flow control: On Ports 9-12 Not installed (see Accessories on next page) Console Manager Communications parameters: 9600 baud, 8-N-1 Login name: None Password: None Prompt: SYS_console> Spanning tree 76 Spanning tree: Enabled Bridge priority: 32768 0-65535 Bridge max. age: 20 6.0-40.0 sec. Bridge hello time: 2 1.0-10.0 sec.
A p p e n d i x A Technical Information Specifications Features Buffer size: 64 Kbytes per port, 512 Kbytes total Architecture: Store and forward for complete runt and error filtering on all packets. Flow control prevents packet loss. MAC addresses supported: 4096 entries Switching database: Transparent, automatic self-learning at full wire speed. Cache aging time manageable. Custom filtering by hardware address and port.
A p p e n d i x A Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch General Indicators Displays Management activity, SNMP presence, power supply status, device failure detection. Boot and Configuration NVRAM configuration loaded on power up and fully downloadable. Firmware local or remote downloadable. BOOTP supported.
A p p e n d i x A Technical Information Electrical Specifications AC line frequency: 47Hz-63Hz Fuse: 100-120V/4A 200-240V/2A Power Cord Specifications 115 volt configuration: Minimum type SJT (SVT) 18/3, rated 250 Volts AC, 10 Amps with a maximum length of 15 feet. One end is terminated in an IEC 320 attachment plug, the other in a NEMA 5-15P plug. 230 volt configuration: Minimum type SJT (SVT) 18/3, rated 250 Volts AC, 10 Amps with a maximum length of 15 feet.
A p p e n d i x A Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch SNMP and MIB Support The Express 10/100 Switch contains a built-in SNMP agent running on the SNMP processor board. This allows each Express 10/100 Switch to be managed from a centralized management station via any SNMP-compliant NMS. The SNMP agent software complies with the following standards: • RFC 1155, The Structure of Management Information (SMI) for TCP/IP Based Internets, 5/90.
A p p e n d i x A Technical Information Limited Hardware Warranty Intel warrants to the original owner that the hardware product delivered in this package will be free from defects in material and workmanship for one (1) year following the latter of: (i) the date of purchase only if you register by returning the registration card as indicated thereon with proof of purchase; or (ii) the date of manufacture; or (iii) the registration date if by electronic means provided such registration occurs within 30 d
A p p e n d i x A Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Limited Hardware Warranty (Europe only) Intel Corporation (UK) Ltd for customers within the UK and Intel International Ltd (Intel Corporation (UK) Ltd and Intel International Ltd hereinafter referred to collectively as “Intel”) for customers within Europe outside of the UK warrants to the original owner that the hardware product delivered in this package will be free from defects in material and workmanship for one (1) year following the latter
A p p e n d i x A Technical Information Software provided with the hardware product is not covered under the hardware warranty described above. See the applicable software license agreement which shipped with the hardware product for details on any software warranty. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of England and the courts of England shall have exclusive jurisdiction of any dispute arising hereunder.
A p p e n d i x A Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Assurez vous que le système soit débranché de son alimentation ainsi que de toutes les liaisons de télécomunication, des réseaux, et des lignes de modem avant d’enlever le capot. Ne pas utiliser le système quand le capot est enlevé. WARNUNG Das System wurde für den Betrieb in einer normalen Büroumgebung entwickelt. Der entwickelt.
I Index 100 LED, 6 100BASE-FX cabling requirements, 7 100BASE-TX cabling requirements, 7 A–C Access restrictions creating virtual LANs (VLANs), 23 add-arp-entry command, 47 add-cf-entry command, 55 add-lt-entry command, 53 add-trap command, 50 Address table See Switching database commands Addresses up to 4096 entries, 77 banner command, 38 BOOTP displaying current state, 44 enabling or disabling, 44 Bridge See Spanning tree Broadcast address setting, 44 Cabling crossover cables, 4 fiber optic, 7 maximum
I N D E X Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch Configuration (continued) network topology, 10 ports, 65 samples, 10 SNMP, 21 subnet mask, 44 switch, 15–29, 31–70 Wide Area Networks (WANs), 12 Configuring and Managing the Switch, 15–29, 31–70 Connectivity, checking See Ping commands Console Manager accessing locally, 16 accessing remotely, 16 assigning an IP address, 21 command groups, 19 default settings, 76 displaying command history, 18 displaying help, 18 entering commands, 17 keyboard shortcu
I N D E X Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch command, 70 command, 56 get-nv-cftbl command, 56 get-port-cfg command, 22, 65 get-rmon-cnt command, 68 get-rsw-file command, 41 get-sdist-cnt command, 68 get-slip command, 44 get-slip-conf command, 45 get-st-bcfg command, 61 get-st-pcfg command, 62 get-st-syscfg command, 62 get-stp command, 61 get-stst-level command, 40 get-svlan-tbl command, 59 get-sw-file command, 41 get-tftp-srvr command, 42 get-traps command, 49 get-vbc-matrix command, 57 get-vbc
I N D E X Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch M–O MAC address associating with an IP address, 47 displaying, 39 Management, accessing, 16 Mgmt (Management) LED, 6 MIB getting file for NMS, 21 getting support for NMS, 2 support, 80 monitor command, 59 Monitoring ports with protocol analyzer, 59 Multi-mode fiber cabling, 7 Netmask setting, 44 SNMP agent for IP, 2, 21 Network management through SNMP, 2, 21 with Console Manager, 16 Network topology and samples, 10 Node address, displaying, 39 Null-m
I N D E X Intel Express 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch command, 66 command, 38 set-prt-enb command, 64 set-prt-pcost command, 64 set-prt-prio command, 64 set-rsw-file command, 42 set-sec-vlan command, 58 set-slip command, 45 set-slip-conf command, 45 set-speed-sel command, 66 set-stp command, 61 set-stst-level command, 40 set-sw-file command, 41 set-vbc-domain command, 58 SLIP connection displaying address, 44 displaying configuration, 45 setting address, 45 setting configuration, 45 setting mode, 41 SNM
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