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Guide to Lithium Polymer Battery’s

A Guide to Understanding LiPo Batteries

Introduction

Lithium Polymer batteries (henceforth referred to as “LiPo” batteries), are a

newer type of battery now used in many consumer electronics devices. They

have been gaining in popularity in the radio control industry over the last few

years, and are now the most popular choice for anyone looking for long run

times and high power.

LiPo batteries offer a wide array of benefits. But each user must decide if the

benefits outweigh the drawbacks. For more and more people, they do. There is

nothing to fear from LiPo batteries, so long as you follow the rules and treat the

batteries with the respect they deserve.

Lithium-Polymer batteries contain, quite obviously, lithium. Lithium is an alkali

metal, meaning it reacts with water and combusts. Lithium also combusts

when reacting with oxygen, but only when heated. The process of using the

Summary of content (9 pages)

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www.Hyperion-world.com A Guide to Understanding LiPo Batteries Introduction Lithium Polymer batteries (henceforth referred to as “LiPo” batteries), are a newer type of battery now used in many consumer electronics devices. They have been gaining in popularity in the radio control industry over the last few years, and are now the most popular choice for anyone looking for long run times and high power. LiPo batteries offer a wide array of benefits.
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www.Hyperion-world.com battery, in the sometimes extreme ways that we do in the R/C world, causes there to be excess atoms of Oxygen and excess atoms of Lithium on either end (be it the cathode or anode) of the battery. This can and does cause Lithium Oxide (Li2O) to build up on the anode or cathode. Lithium Oxide is basically corrosion, albeit of the lithium kind; not iron oxide, which is otherwise known as "rust". The Li2O causes the internal resistance of the battery to increase.
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www.Hyperion-world.com (brushless motors are rated by kV, which means 'RPM per Volt'). So if you have a brushless motor with a rating of 3,500kV, that motor will spin 3,500 RPM for every volt you apply to it. On a 2S LiPo battery, that motor will spin around 25,900 RPM. On a 3S, it will spin a whopping 38,850 RPM. So the more voltage you have, the faster you're going to go. Capacity (mAH ) The capacity of a battery is basically a measure of how much power the battery can hold.
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www.Hyperion-world.com This means that you can safely draw up to 44Amps from that pack, without damaging it. That is only the theory however, in reality, some of the cheaper battery brands tend to over-rate their batteries, which causes a lot of people a lot of frustration, and dramatically reduces the battery's life span. Breaking in batteries So let’s start from the beginning.
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www.Hyperion-world.com Another important thing to know, is to set the low voltage cut-off of the discharge part of the break in cycles. Setting the cut-off voltage to 3.5v per cell during the discharge part of the break in cycles is a good way to give the battery a nice work out, and also for you to determine its true capacity. Standard tests have repeatedly shown that when you discharge a battery down to 3.
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www.Hyperion-world.com In any case, opinions will differ - some people do not bother to wait for 30-40 mins for a pack to charge, so they charge at high C rates, and replace their packs more often. But it is better to have more battery packs per model, so often you don't even need to charge at the field, so all of the charging is either at 1C or 1.5C at the most. At the end the decision is up to you - whether you want your batteries to last longer, or have fewer charges.
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www.Hyperion-world.com A LiPo cell should NEVER be discharged below 3.0V Another VERY important factor to increasing the life of your batteries, is the use of a PROGRAMMABLE Low voltage Lipo alarm in your models. Those are the Lipo alarms that display battery pack and cell voltage on a screen, and have a button for adjusting the alarm voltage. For optimum flight times, and depending on the battery's state, the alarm should be set anywhere between 3.4v and 3.6v per cell.
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www.Hyperion-world.com Heat causes the excess oxygen to build up more and more. Eventually the LiPo pack begins to swell (due to the oxygen gas build up). This is a good time to stop using the battery – it’s trying to tell you that it has come (prematurely or not) to the end of its life. Further use can, and probably will, be dangerous. After the pack has swollen, continued use can cause even more heat to be generated. At this point, a process called Thermal Runaway occurs.
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www.Hyperion-world.com them lower than 3.0 volts per cell, or physically damage them in any way, or allow water to enter the batteries (inside the foil wrapping), it reduces the life of the battery, and hastens the buildup of Li2O. LiPo Battery Disposal So you have a bad LiPo battery? No one really wants to keep them around (fire hazards that they are). So what is the process to get rid of a bad LiPo battery safely? Let's go through it. 1. Discharge the LiPo battery as far down as you safely can.