User Manual

If there is a close agreement between the observed and expected frequencies, x
2
will be small. If the agreement is poor, x
2
will be large.
The following keystrokes calculate the x
2
statistic:
1. Press CLEAR .
2. Key in the first O
i
value and press .
3. Key in the first E
i
value and press 0 0 .
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for all data pairs. The x
2
value is displayed.
Example 1: A suspect die from a Las Vegas casino is brought to an independent
testing firm to determine its bias, if any. The die is tossed 120 times and the
following results obtained.
Number
1 2 3 4 5 6
Observed Frequency
25 17 15 23 24 16
The expected frequency = 120 throws / 6 sides, or E = 20 for each number, 1
thru 6. (Since E is a constant in this example, there is no need to store it in R
0
each time.)
Keystrokes Display
CLEAR
25
20
0
0
1.25
17 20
0
1.70
15 20
0
2.95
23 20
0
3.40
24
20
4.20