HP-UX Reference (11i v3 07/02) - 3 Library Functions A-M (vol 6)

intro(3C) intro(3C)
NAME
intro - introduction to subroutines and libraries
DESCRIPTION
This section describes functions found in various libraries, other than those functions that directly invoke
HP-UX system primitives, which are described in Section 2. Certain major collections are identified by a
letter after the section identifier (3):
(3C) These functions, together with the Operating System Calls and those marked (3S), consti-
tute the Standard C Library, libc, which is automatically loaded by the C compiler, cc(1).
Declarations for some of these functions can be obtained from
#include files indicated in
the appropriate entries.
(3E) These functions constitute the ELF access library (
libelf) which lets a program manipu-
late ELF (Executable and Linking Format) object files, archive files, and archive members.
The link editor searches this library if the
-lelf option is specified. The header file
<libelf.h> provides type and function declarations for all library services (described in
elf(3E).
(3G) These functions constitute the graphics library and are documented in separate manuals.
(3I) These functions constitute the instrument support (Device I/O) library.
(3M) These functions constitute the Math Library, libm. The link editor searches this library if
the -lm option is specified. Declarations for these functions are available in the header
files <math.h> and <fenv.h>. Several generally useful mathematical constants are
also defined in <math.h> (see math(5)).
(3N) These functions are applicable to the Internet network and are part of the standard C
library, libc.
(3S) These functions constitute the ‘‘standard I/O package’’ (see stdio(3S)). These functions are
in the library
libc, already mentioned. Declarations for these functions can be obtained
from the #include file <stdio.h>.
(3T) These functions constitute the Pthreads Library. The link editor ld (see ld(1)) searches
this library if the -lpthread option is specified. See pthread(3T) for more detailed infor-
mation on threads.
(3X) Various specialized libraries. The files in which these libraries are found are specified in
the appropriate entries.
DIAGNOSTICS
Functions in the C and Math Libraries, (3C) and (3M), may return the conventional values
0 or +|-
HUGE_VAL
when the function is undefined for the given arguments or when the value is not representable.
HUGE_VAL is defined as +INFINITY in the <math.h> header file. Functions in the Math Library may
also return +|-INFINITY or a NaN. In these cases, the external variable errno (see errno(2)) may also
be set to the value [EDOM] or [ERANGE].
FILES
/usr/lib/libc.a (For HP 9000 systems.) Standard I/O, operating system calls, and
general purpose routines archive library.
/usr/lib/libc.sl (For HP 9000 systems.) Standard I/O, operating system calls, and
general purpose routines shared library.
/usr/lib/hpuxXX/libc.so (For Integrity systems.) Standard I/O, operating system calls, and
general purpose routines 32-bit and 64-bit shared libraries.
/usr/lib/libcurses.sl (For HP 9000 systems.) CRT screen handling shared library.
/usr/lib/hpuxXX/libcurses.so
(For Integrity systems.) CRT screen handling 32-bit and 64-bit shared
libraries.
/usr/lib/libelf.a (For HP 9000 systems.) ELF archive library.
/usr/lib/libelf.sl (For HP 9000 systems.) ELF shared library.
HP-UX 11i Version 3: February 2007 − 1 − Hewlett-Packard Company 67