HP-UX Reference (11i v3 07/02) - 1 User Commands A-M (vol 1)

k
ksh(1) ksh(1)
the default arg. The parameter PWD
is set to the current directory. The shell parameter
CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing arg. Alternative directory
names are separated by a colon (
:
). If CDPATH is null or undefined, the default value is
the current directory. Note that the current directory is specified by a null path name
which can appear immediately after the equal sign or between the colon delimiters any-
where else in the path list. If arg begins with a
/, the search path is not used. Otherwise,
each directory in the path is searched for arg. See also cd(1).
The second form of
cd substitutes the string new for the string old in the current directory
name,
PWD and tries to change to this new directory.
The cd command cannot be executed by rksh
.
echo [ arg ... ]
See echo(1) for usage and description.
% eval [ arg ...]
Reads the arguments as input to the shell and executes the resulting command(s).
% exec [ arg ...]
Parameter assignments remain in effect after the command completes. If arg is given, the
command specified by the arguments is executed in place of this shell without creating a
new process. Input/output arguments can appear and affect the current process. If no
arguments are given, the effect of this command is to modify file descriptors as prescribed
by the input/output redirection list. In this case, any file descriptor numbers greater than 2
opened with this mechanism are closed when invoking another program.
% exit [ n ] Causes the shell to exit with the exit status specified by n.Ifn is omitted, the exit status is
that of the last command executed. An end-of-file also causes the shell to exit, except when
a shell has the ignoreeof option set (see set below).
%% export [name [=value ] ... ]
The given names are marked for automatic export to the environment of subsequently exe-
cuted commands.
fc [ -eename ][-nlr ][first [ last]]
fc -e - [old=new][command ]
In the first form, a range of commands from first to last is selected from the last
HIST-
SIZE
commands typed at the terminal. The arguments first and last can be specified as a
number or string. A given string is used to locate the most recent command. A negative
number is used to offset the current command number. The -l option causes the com-
mands to be listed on standard output. Otherwise, the editor program ename is invoked on
a file containing these keyboard commands. If ename is not supplied, the value of the
parameter FCEDIT (default /usr/bin/ed ) is used as the editor. Once editing has
ended, the commands (if any) are executed. If last is omitted, only the command specified
by first is used. If first is not specified, the default is the previous command for editing and
−16 for listing. The -r option reverses the order of the commands and the -n option
suppresses command numbers when listing. In the latter, the command is re-executed
after the substitution old
=new is performed.
fg [ job ... ] Brings each job into the foreground in the order specified. If no job is specified, the current
job is brought into the foreground. See Jobs for a description of the format of job.
getopts optstring name [ arg ...]
Checks arg for legal options. If arg is omitted, the positional parameters are used. An
option argument begins with a + or a -. An option not beginning with + or -, or the argu-
ment -- ends the options. optstring contains the letters that getopts recognizes. If a
letter is followed by a :, that option is expected to have an argument. The options can be
separated from the argument by blanks.
getopts places the next option letter it finds inside variable name each time it is invoked
with a + preceding it when arg begins with a +. The index of the next arg is stored in
OPTIND. The option argument, if any, gets stored in OPTARG.
A leading : in optstring causes getopts to store the letter of an invalid option in
OPTARG, and to set name to ? for an unknown option and to : when a required option is
missing. Otherwise, getopts prints an error message. The exit status is nonzero when
there are no more options. See also getopts(1).
HP-UX 11i Version 3: February 2007 − 13 − Hewlett-Packard Company 501