HP-UX Reference (11i v2 04/09) - 1 User Commands A-M (vol 1)

k
ksh(1) ksh(1)
used. Otherwise, each directory in the path is searched for arg. See also cd(1).
The second form of
cd substitutes the string new for the string old in the current direc-
tory name,
PWD and tries to change to this new directory.
The
cd command cannot be executed by rksh
.
echo [ arg ... ]
See echo(1) for usage and description.
% eval [ arg ... ]
Reads the arguments as input to the shell and executes the resulting command(s).
% exec [ arg ... ]
Parameter assignments remain in effect after the command completes. If arg is given,
the command specified by the arguments is executed in place of this shell without creat-
ing a new process. Input/output arguments can appear and affect the current process. If
no arguments are given, the effect of this command is to modify file descriptors as
prescribed by the input/output redirection list. In this case, any file descriptor numbers
greater than 2 opened with this mechanism are closed when invoking another program.
% exit [ n ] Causes the shell to exit with the exit status specified by n.Ifn is omitted, the exit status
is that of the last command executed. An end-of-file also causes the shell to exit, except
when a shell has the ignoreeof option set (see set below).
%% export [ name [=value ] ... ]
The given names are marked for automatic export to the environment of subsequently
executed commands.
fc [ -eename ][-nlr ][first [ last ]]
fc -e - [ old=new ][command ]
In the first form, a range of commands from first to last is selected from the last
HIST-
SIZE commands typed at the terminal. The arguments first and last can be specified as
a number or string. A given string is used to locate the most recent command. A nega-
tive number is used to offset the current command number. The -l option causes the
commands to be listed on standard output. Otherwise, the editor program ename is
invoked on a file containing these keyboard commands. If ename is not supplied, the
value of the parameter FCEDIT (default /usr/bin/ed) is used as the editor. Once
editing has ended, the commands (if any) are executed. If last is omitted, only the com-
mand specified by first is used. If first is not specified, the default is the previous com-
mand for editing and −16 for listing. The -r option reverses the order of the commands
and the -n option suppresses command numbers when listing. In the latter, the com-
mand is re-executed after the substitution old=new is performed.
fg [ job ... ] Brings each job into the foreground in the order specified. If no job is specified, the
current job is brought into the foreground. See Jobs for a description of the format of job.
getopts optstring name [ arg ...]
Checks arg for legal options. If arg is omitted, the positional parameters are used. An
option argument begins with a + or a -. An option not beginning with + or -, or the
argument -- ends the options. optstring contains the letters that getopts recognizes. If
a letter is followed by a :, that option is expected to have an argument. The options can
be separated from the argument by blanks.
getopts places the next option letter it finds inside variable name each time it is
invoked with a + preceding it when arg begins with a +. The index of the next arg is
stored in OPTIND. The option argument, if any, gets stored in OPTARG.
A leading
: in optstring causes getopts to store the letter of an invalid option in
OPTARG, and to set name to ? for an unknown option and to : when a required option
is missing. Otherwise, getopts prints an error message. The exit status is nonzero
when there are no more options. See also getopts (1).
jobs [ -lnp ][job ... ]
Lists information about each given job; or all active jobs if job is omitted. The -l option
lists process ids in addition to the normal information. The -n option only displays jobs
that have stopped or exited since last notified. The -p option causes only the process
group to be listed. See Jobs for a description of the format of job.
HP-UX 11i Version 2: September 2004 − 13 − Hewlett-Packard Company Section 1−−433