HP-UX Reference (11i v2 03/08) - 5 Miscellaneous Topics, 7 Device (Special) Files, 9 General Information, Index (vol 9)

t
glossary(9) glossary(9)
becomes a process group leader via the setpgrp (2) system call, its terminal affiliation is
broken.
See process group, process group leader, terminal group, and setpgrp (2).
terminal device
See terminal.
text file A file that contains characters organized into one or more lines. The lines cannot contain
NUL characters, and none can exceed LINE_MAX
bytes in length including the terminat-
ing newline character. Although neither the kernel nor the C language implementation
distinguishes between text files and binary files (see ANSI C Standard X3-159-19xx),
many utilities behave predictably only when operating on text files.
tty Originally, an abbreviation for teletypewriter; now, generally, a terminal.
upshifting The conversion of a lowercase character to its uppercase representation.
user ID Each system user is identified by an integer known as a user ID, which is in the range of
zero to
UID_MAX, inclusive. Depending on how the user is identified with a process, a
user ID value is referred to as a real user ID,aneffective user ID,orasaved user
ID.
UTC See Epoch.
utility An executable file, which might contain executable object code (that is, a program), or a
list of commands to execute in a given order (that is, a shell script). You can write
your own utilities, either as executable programs or shell scripts (which are written in
the shell programming language).
volume number
Part of an address used for devices. A number whose meaning is software- and device-
dependent, but which is often used to specify a particular volume on a multivolume disk
drive. See the System Administrator manuals supplied with your system for details.
whitespace One or more characters which, when displayed, cause a movement of the cursor or print
head, but do not result in the display of any visible graphic. The whitespace characters
in the ASCII code set are space, tab, newline, form feed, carriage return, and vertical tab.
A particular command or routine might interpret some, but not necessarily all, whi-
tespace characters as delimiting fields, words, or command options.
working directory
Each process has associated with it the concept of a current working directory. For a
shell, this appears as the directory in which you currently ‘‘reside’’. This is the directory
in which relative path name (i.e., a path name that does not begin with
/) searches
begin. It is sometimes referred to as the current directory,orthecurrent working
directory.
zombie process
The name given to a process which terminates for any reason, but whose parent process
has not yet waited for it to terminate (via wait(2)). The process which terminated contin-
ues to occupy a slot in the process table until its parent process waits for it. Because it
has terminated, however, there is no other space allocated to it either in user or kernel
space. It is therefore a relatively harmless occurrence which will rectify itself the next
time its parent process waits. The ps(1) command lists zombie processes as
defunct.
SEE ALSO
introduction(9)
Section 9−−24 Hewlett-Packard Company − 23 − HP-UX 11i Version 2: August 2003