HP-UX Reference (11i v2 03/08) - 1 User Commands A-M (vol 1)
k
ksh(1) ksh(1)
For example, the command,
rm [a-z]*
might be expected to match all file names beginning with a lowercase alphabetic character. However, if
dictionary ordering is specified by LC_COLLATE,
it would also match file names beginning with an upper-
case character (as well as those beginning with accented letters). Conversely, it would fail to match
letters collated after
z in languages such as Danish or Norwegian.
The correct (and safe) way to match specific character classes in an international environment is to use a
pattern of the form:
rm [[:lower:]]*
This uses LC_CTYPE to determine character classes and works predictably for all supported languages
and codesets. For shell scripts produced on non-internationalized systems (or without consideration for
the above dangers), it is recommended that they be executed in a non-
NLS environment. This requires
that
LANG, LC_COLLATE,
etc., be set to "C" or not set at all.
Be aware that the value of the
IFS
variable in the user’s environment affects the behavior of scripts.
ksh implements command substitution by creating a pipe between itself and the command. If the root
file system is full, the substituted command cannot write to the pipe. As a result, the shell receives no
input from the command, and the result of the substitution is null. In particular, using command substi-
tution for variable assignment under such circumstances results in the variable being silently assigned a
NULL value.
The contents of
here-documents
are stored in temporary files named /tmp/shpid.number. Care is
taken to remove these temporary files after their usage. However, because of design limitations, some of
these temporary files may not be removed.
AUTHOR
ksh was developed by AT&T.
FILES
/etc/passwd to find home directories
/etc/profile read to set up system environment
/etc/suid_profile
security profile
$HOME/.profile read to set up user’s custom environment
/tmp/sh∗ for here-documents
SEE ALSO
cat(1), cd(1), echo(1), env(1), getopts(1), kill(1), pwd(1), read(1), test(1), time(1), umask(1), vi(1), dup(2),
exec(2), fork(2), gtty(2), pipe(2), stty(2), umask(2), ulimit(2), wait(2), rand(3C), a.out(4), profile(4),
environ(5), lang(5), regexp(5), signal(5).
HP-UX 11i Version 2: August 2003 − 23 − Hewlett-Packard Company Section 1−−425