HP-UX Reference (11i v1 05/09) - 1 User Commands N-Z (vol 2)

t
tr(1) tr(1)
specification is interpreted as a request for case conversion.
When [:lower:] appears in string1 and [:upper:] appears in string2, the
arrays contain the characters from the
toupper mapping in the
LC_CTYPE
category of the current locale. When [:upper:] appears in string1 and
[:lower:] appears in string2, the arrays contain the characters from the
tolower mapping in the LC_CTYPE category of the current locale.
[=c=]or
[[=c=]]
Stands for all the characters or collating elements belonging to the same equivalence
class as c, as defined by the current setting of
LC_COLLATE locale category. An
equivalence class expression is allowed only in string1,orinstring2 when it is being
used by the combined
-d and -s options.
[a*n] Stands for n repetitions of a. If the rst digit of n is
0, n is considered octal; other-
wise, n is treated as a decimal value. A zero or missing n is interpreted as large
enough to extend string2-based sequence to the length of the string1-based sequence.
The escape character
\ can be used as in the shell to remove special meaning from any character in a
string. In addition, \ followed by 1, 2, or 3 octal digits represents the character whose
ASCII code is given
by those digits.
An
ASCII NUL character in string1 or string2 can be represented only as an escaped character; i.e. as
\000,
but is treated like other characters and translated correctly if so specified.
NUL characters in the input are
not stripped out unless the option
-d "\000" is given.
EXTERNAL INFLUENCES
Environment Variables
LANG provides a default value for the internationalization variables that are unset or null. If
LANG is
unset or null, the default value of "C" (see lang(5)) is used. If any of the internationalization variables con-
tains an invalid setting,
tr will behave as if all internationalization variables are set to "C". See
environ(5).
LC_ALL If set to a non-empty string value, overrides the values of all the other internationalization vari-
ables.
LC_CTYPE determines the interpretation of text as single and/or multi-byte characters, the classification
of characters as printable, and the characters matched by character class expressions in regular expres-
sions.
LC_MESSAGES determines the locale that should be used to affect the format and contents of diagnostic
messages written to standard error and informative messages written to standard output.
NLSPATH determines the location of message catalogues for the processing of LC_MESSAGES.
RETURN VALUE
tr exits with one of the following values:
0 All input was processed successfully.
>0 An error occurred.
EXAMPLES
For the ASCII character set and default collation sequence, create a list of all the words in file1, one per line
in file2, where a word is taken to be a maximal string of alphabetics. Quote the strings to protect the spe-
cial characters from interpretation by the shell (012 is the ASCII code for a new-line (line feed) character):
tr -cs "[A-Z][a-z]" "[\012*]" <file1 >file2
Same as above, but for all character sets and collation sequences:
tr -cs "[:alpha:]" "[\012*]" <file1 >file2
Translate all lower case characters in file1 to upper case and write the result to standard output.
tr "[:lower:]" "[:upper:]" <file1
Use an equivalence class to identify accented variants of the base character e in file1, strip them of diacrit-
ical marks and write the result to file2:
tr "[=e=]" "[e*]" <file1 >file2
Section 1990 Hewlett-Packard Company 2 HP-UX 11i Version 1: September 2005