HP-UX Reference (11i v1 00/12) - 5 Miscellaneous Topics, 7 Device (Special) Files, 9 General Information, Index (vol 9)

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glossary(9) glossary(9)

• The process’s effective user ID is superuser.

• The process’s effective user ID matches shm_perm.[c]uid in the data structure

associated with the shmid and the appropriate bit of the ‘‘user’’ portion (0600) of

shm_perm.mode is set.

• The process’s effective user ID does not match shm_perm.[c]uid and either the

process’s effective group ID matches shm_perm.[c]gid or one of

shm_perm.[c]gid is in the process’s group access list and the appropriate bit of

the ‘‘group’’ portion (060) of shm_perm.mode is set.

• The process’s effective user ID does not match shm_perm. [c]uid and the

process’s effective group ID does not match shm_perm.[c]gid and neither of

shm_perm.[c]gid is in the process’s group access list and the appropriate bit of

the ‘‘other’’ portion (06) of shm_perm.mode is set.

Otherwise, the corresponding permissions are denied.

shell A user interface to the HP-UX operating system. A shell often functions as both a com-

mand interpreter and an interpretive programming language. A shell is automatically

invoked for every user who logs in. See sh(1) and its related manual entries plus the

tutorials supplied with your system for details.

shell program

See shell script.

shell script A sequence of shell commands and shell programming language constructs stored in a ﬁle

and invoked as a user command (program). No compilation is needed prior to execution

because the shell recognizes the commands and constructs that make up the shell program-

ming language. A shell script is often called a shell program or a command ﬁle. See the

Shells User Guide.

shmid See shared memory identiﬁer.

signal A software interrupt sent to a process, informing it of special situations or events. Also, the

event itself. See signal(2).

single-user state

A condition of the HP-UX operating system in which the system console provides the only

communication mechanism between the system and its user. By convention, single-user

state is usually speciﬁed by init(1M) as run-level

S or s. Do not confuse single-user state,

in which the software is limiting a multiuser system to a single-user communication, with a

single-user system, which can never communicate with more than one ﬁxed terminal. See

also multiuser state.

slash The literal character

/.Apath name consisting of a single slash resolves to the root

directory of the process. See also path name resolution.

solidus See slash.

source code The fundamental high-level information (program) written in the syntax of a speciﬁed com-

puter language. Object (machine-language) code is derived from source code. When deal-

ing with an HP-UX shell command language, source code is input to the command

language interpreter. The term shell script is synonymous with this meaning. When

dealing with the C Language, source code is input to the cc(1) command. Source code

can also refer to a collection of sources meeting any of the above conditions.

special file A ﬁle associated with an I/O device. Often called a device ﬁle. Special ﬁles are read and

written the same as ordinary ﬁles, but requests to read or write result in activation of the

associated device. Due to convention and consistency, these ﬁles should always reside in

the

/dev directory. See also ﬁle.

special processes

Processes with certain (small) process IDs are special. On a typical system, the IDs of 0, 1,

and 2 are assigned as follows: Process 0 is the scheduler. Process 1 is the initialization pro-

cess init, and is the ancestor of every other process in the system. It is used to control

the process structure. On paging systems with virtual memory, process 2 is the paging

daemon.

HP-UX Release 11i: December 2000 − 20 − Section 9−−21

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