HP-UX Reference (11i v1 00/12) - 5 Miscellaneous Topics, 7 Device (Special) Files, 9 General Information, Index (vol 9)

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STANDARD Printed by: Nora Chuang [nchuang] STANDARD
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glossary(9) glossary(9)
• The process’s effective user ID does not match the user ID of the owner of the
file, and the process’s effective group ID does not match the group ID of the file,
and the group ID of the file is not in the process’s group access list, and the
appropriate access bit of the ‘‘other’’ portion (07) of the file mode is set.
Otherwise, the corresponding permissions are denied.
file descriptor
A small unique, per-process, nonnegative integer identifier that is used to refer to a file
opened for reading and/or writing. Each file descriptor refers to exactly one open file
description.
A file descriptor is obtained through system calls such as creat(2), fcntl(2), open(2),
pipe(2), or dup(2). The file descriptor is used as an argument by calls such as read(2),
write(2), ioctl(2), and close(2).
The value of a file descriptor has a range from 0 to one less than the system-defined max-
imum. The system-defined maximum is the value NOFILE in <sys/param.h>.
file group class
A process is in the file group class of a file if the process is not the file owner class and
if the effective group ID or one of the supplementary group IDs of the process matches
the group ID associated with the file.
file hierarchy
The collection of one or more file systems available on a system. All files in these file
systems are organized in a single hierarchical structure in which all of the nonterminal
nodes are directories. Because multiple links can refer to the same file, the directory is
properly described as a directed graph.
file name A string of up to 14 bytes (or 255 bytes on file systems that support long file names) used to
refer to an ordinary file, special file, or directory. The byte values NUL (null) and slash (
/)
cannot be used as characters in a file name. Note that it is generally unwise to use
*, ?, ,,
[,or] as part of file names because the shell attaches special meaning to these characters
(see sh(1), csh(1), or ksh(1)). Avoid beginning a file name with -,
+,or=, because to some
programs, these characters signify that a command argument follows. A file name is some-
times called a path name component. Although permitted, it is inadvisable to use charac-
ters that do not have a printable graphic on the hardware you commonly use, or that are
likely to confuse your terminal.
file name portability
File names should be constructed from the portable file name character set because the
use of other characters can be confusing or ambiguous in certain contexts.
file offset The file offset specifies the position in the file where the next I/O operation begins. Each
open file description associated with either a regular file or special file has a file offset.
There is no file offset specified for a pipe or FIFO.
file other class
A process is in the file other class if the process is not in the file owner class or file
group class.
file owner class
A process is in the file owner class if the effective user ID of the process matches the
user ID of the file.
file permission bits
See permission bits.
file pointer A data element obtained through any of the fopen(3S) standard I/O library routines that
‘‘points to’’ (refers to) a file opened for reading and/or writing, and which keeps track of
where the next I/O operation will take place in the file (in the form of a byte offset relative
to the beginning of the file). After obtaining the file pointer, it must thereafter be used to
refer to the open file when using any of the standard I/O library routines. (See stdio(3S) for
a list of these routines.)
file serial number
A file-system-unique identifier for a given file, also known as the file’s inode number.
Each file serial number identifies exactly one inode. File serial numbers are not
Section 9−−8 − 7 − HP-UX Release 11i: December 2000
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