HP-UX Reference (11i v1 00/12) - 3 Library Functions A-M (vol 6)

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curses_intro(3X) curses_intro(3X)

(X/Open CURSES)

The effect of No Delay Mode on function key processing is unspeciﬁed.

Echo Processing

Echo mode determines whether Curses echoes typed characters to the screen. The effect of Echo mode is

analogous to the effect of the ECHO ﬂag in the local mode ﬁeld of the termios structure associated with

the terminal device connected to the window. However, Curses always clears the ECHO ﬂag while it is

operating, to inhibit the operating system from performing echoing. The method of echoing characters is

not identical to the operating system’s method of echoing characters, because Curses performs additional

processing of terminal input.

If in Echo mode, Curses performs its own echoing: Any visible input character is stored in the current or

speciﬁed window by the input function that the application called, at that window’s cursor position, as

though addch() were called, with all consequent effects such as cursor movement and wrapping.

If not in Echo mode, any echoing of input must be performed by the application. Applications often perform

their own echoing in a controlled area of the screen, or do not echo at all, so they disable Echo mode.

The Set of Curses Functions

The Curses functions allow: overall screen, window and pad manipulation; output to windows and pads;

reading terminal input; control over terminal and Curses input and output options; environment query

functions; colour manipulation; use of soft label keys; access to the terminfo database of terminal capabili-

ties; and access to low-level functions.

Function Name Conventions

The reference manual pages present families of multiple Curses functions. Most function families have

different functions that give the programmer the following options:

• A function with the basic name operates on the window stdscr . A function with the same name

plus the w preﬁx operates on a window speciﬁed by the win argument.

When the reference manual page for a function family refers to the current or speciﬁed win-

dow, it means stdscr for the basic functions and the window speciﬁed by win for any w function.

Functions whose names have the p preﬁx require an argument that is a pad instead of a window.

• A function with the basic name operates based on the current cursor position (of the current or

speciﬁed window, as described above). A function with the same name plus the mv preﬁx moves

the cursor to a position speciﬁed by the y and x arguments before performing the speciﬁed opera-

tion.

When the reference manual page for a function family refers to the current or speciﬁed posi-

tion, it means the cursor position for the basic functions and the position (y, x) for any mv func-

tion.

The mvw preﬁx exists and combines the mv semantics discussed here with the w semantics dis-

cussed above. The window argument is always speciﬁed before the coordinates.

• A function with the basic name is often provided for historical compatibility and operates only on

single-byte characters. A function with the same name plus the w inﬁx operates on wide (multi-

byte) characters. A function with the same name plus the _w inﬁx operates on complex charac-

ters and their renditions.

• When a function with the basic name operates on a single character, there is sometimes a func-

tion with the same name plus the n inﬁx that operates on multiple characters. An n argument

speciﬁes the number of characters to process. The respective manual page speciﬁes the outcome

if the value of n is inappropriate.

Section 3−−124 − 12 − HP-UX Release 11i: December 2000

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