HP-UX Reference (11i v1 00/12) - 1M System Administration Commands N-Z (vol 4)

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STANDARD Printed by: Nora Chuang [nchuang] STANDARD
/build/1111/BRICK/man1m/naaagt.1m
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n
named(1M) named(1M)
NULL a null resource record (no format or data)
RP a Responsible Person for some domain name (mailbox, TXT-referral)
PTR a domain name pointer (domain)
HINFO host information (cpu_type OS_type)
TXT text data (string)
WKS a well known service description (IP address followed by a list of services)
Resource records normally end at the end of a line, but may be continued across lines between opening and
closing parentheses. Comments are introduced by semicolons and continue to the end of the line.
NOTE: There are other resource record types not shown here. You should consult the BIND Operations
Guide (‘‘BOG’’) for the complete list. Some resource record types may have been standardized in newer
RFC’s but not yet implemented in this version of BIND.
SOA Record Format
Each master zone file should begin with an SOA record for the zone. An example SOA record is as follows:
@ IN SOA ucbvax.Berkeley.EDU. rwh.ucbvax.Berkeley.EDU. (
1989020501 ; serial
10800 ; refresh
3600 ; retry
3600000 ; expire
86400 ) ; minimum
The SOA specifies a serial number, which should be changed each time the master file is changed. Note
that the serial number can be given as a dotted number, but this is a very unwise thing to do since the
translation to normal integers is via concatenation rather than multiplication and addition. You can spell
out the year, month, day of month, and 0..99 version number and still fit inside the unsigned 32-bit size of
this field. (It’s true that we will have to rethink this strategy in the year 4294.)
Secondary servers check the serial number at intervals specified by the refresh time in seconds; if the serial
number changes, a zone transfer will be done to load the new data. If a master server cannot be contacted
when a refresh is due, the retry time specifies the interval at which refreshes should be attempted. If a
master server cannot be contacted within the interval given by the expire time, all data from the zone is
discarded by secondary servers. The minimum value is the time-to-live (‘‘TTL’’) used by records in the file
with no explicit time-to-live value.
NOTE: The boot file directives domain and suffixes have been obsoleted by a more useful, resolver-
based implementation of suffixing for partially-qualified domain names. The prior mechanisms could fail
under a number of situations, especially when then local nameserver did not have complete information.
The following signals have the specified effect when sent to the server process using the kill(1) command:
SIGHUP Causes server to read named.conf and reload database. If the server is built with
the FORCED_RELOAD compile-time option, then SIGHUP will also cause the server
to check the serial number on all secondary zones; normally, the serial numbers are
only checked at the SOA-specified intervals.
SIGINT Dumps current data base and cache to /var/tmp/named_dump.db
.
SIGILL Dumps statistics data into named.stats if the server is compiled with -DSTATS.
Statistics data is appended to the file.
SIGSYS Dumps the profiling data in /var/tmp if the server is compiled with profiling (server
forks, chdirs and exits).
SIGTERM Dumps the primary and secondary database files. Used to save modified data on shut-
down if the server is compiled with dynamic updating enabled.
SIGUSR1 Turns on debugging; each SIGUSR1 increments debug level.
SIGUSR2 Turns off debugging completely.
SIGWINCH Toggles the logging of all incoming queries via syslog() (requires server to have
been built with the QRYLOG option).
sig_named(1M) can also be used for sending signalsto the server process.
Section 1M528 4 HP-UX Release 11i: December 2000
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