PRM Product Overview

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HP Process Resource Manager overview

Introduction ...................................................................................................................................3

What is HP Process Resource Manager?.............................................................................................4

Benefits.........................................................................................................................................4

Features........................................................................................................................................4

Comparing HP Process Resource Manager and HP-UX priorities and “nice” features..................................5

Standard HP-UX scheduler................................................................................................................5

How HP Process Resource Manager manages resources........................................................................6

Managing CPU allocation ............................................................................................................7

Limiting maximum CPU consumption...............................................................................................9

Managing private real memory allocation.......................................................................................9

Managing shared real memory allocation.....................................................................................10

Managing disk I/O bandwidth allocation .....................................................................................10

Allocating resources to users.......................................................................................................11

Allocating resources to UNIX groups ............................................................................................11

Managing applications..................................................................................................................12

Managing multiple instances of an application...............................................................................12

Adapting to changing needs ..........................................................................................................13

Assigning resources hierarchically...................................................................................................13

Command-line utilities....................................................................................................................14

Graphical interface.......................................................................................................................14

Isolating the CPU and memory of an application................................................................................15

HP Process Resource Manager, HP-UX Workload Manager, and HP Global Workload Manager...............16

Integrating HP Process Resource Manager with other products..............................................................16

Integration with HP Integrity Virtual Machines.................................................................................16

Integration with Oracle, Sybase, and Informix................................................................................16

Integration with HP Serviceguard.................................................................................................16

Integration with HP System Management Homepage.......................................................................17

Summary of content (21 pages)

PAGE 1
HP Process Resource Manager overview Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3 What is HP Process Resource Manager?............................................................................................. 4 Benefits......................................................................................................................................... 4 Features ......................................
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Integration with HP Systems Insight Manager ................................................................................. 17 Forming Secure Resource Partitions .............................................................................................. 17 Application monitoring with HP Glanceplus ................................................................................... 17 Integration with HP-UX commands..........................................................................................
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Introduction Traditional IT environments are often silos in which both technology and human resources are aligned around an application or business function. Capacity is fixed, resources are over-provisioned to meet peak demand, and systems are complex and difficult to change. Costs are based on owning and operating the entire vertical infrastructure—even when it is underutilized.
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What is HP Process Resource Manager? HP PRM is a resource management tool that enables you to control the allocation of CPU, private and shared real memory, and disk bandwidth resources to multiple workloads or users within an HP-UX instance. This capability enables you to stack multiple applications within a single HP-UX instance and ensure that the critical applications and users get system resources in a timely manner. PRM is policy-based; it manages resources based on policies you define.
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• Enables you to create Secure Resource Partitions, which combine HP-UX 11i v2 security capabilities with the resource management capabilities of PRM • Can scan UNIX® accounting files for data on the specified resource (CPU, real memory, and disk I/O bandwidth) and then order the accounting records by user, UNIX group, command name, or PRM group (This feature helps in better understanding resource usage for capacity planning purposes and for fine-tuning resource allocation configurations.
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C might be much more important than application A or B. However, the standard UNIX scheduler might not give application C the extra CPU resources required to meet its service goals. How HP Process Resource Manager manages resources PRM enables you to manage the most critical resources on a system: CPU, shared and private real memory, and disk bandwidth. PRM manages these resources by controlling the allocation of these resources to PRM groups. Each PRM group is a partition of the system’s resources.
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You allocate: • CPU resources in shares or processor sets • Private memory and disk I/O bandwidth in shares • Shared memory in megabytes The following sections describe how these resources are managed by PRM. Managing CPU allocation PRM enables you to manage CPU resources at multiple granularities: • Sub-core—FSS PRM groups are named for the PRM CPU scheduler FSS. An FSS PRM group can be allocated resources of less than a single core or resources of multiple cores.
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Figure 2 illustrates a system using FSS PRM groups to ensure that applications receive a certain amount of CPU resources. Figure 2. PRM (FSS) CPU scheduler By creating two FSS PRM groups based on the users and assigning 50% of the system CPU resources to each, the shared CPU resource is partitioned according to the established policy. Free CPU cycles are available for use by processes in any FSS PRM group.
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Figure 3. PRM groups based on pSets PRM Group A (pSet 0) Application A Memory PRM Group B (pSet 1) Application B Memory PRM Group C (pSet 2) Application C Memory Limiting maximum CPU consumption For pSet PRM groups, CPU use is automatically restricted to (capped at) the number of cores in the group.
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groups. You can be assured that critical applications will get the real memory they need to meet their service level objectives. The PRM memory manager enables you to assign shares (a guaranteed minimum allocation) of private real memory. PRM uses a kernel-space method for enforcing minimum memory allocations. PRM pages out the memory of applications in PRM groups that are consuming more than their configured memory allocations. When excess memory is available, sharing of the excess is the default behavior.
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Allocating resources to users With HP Process Resource Manager, you can easily manage resource allocations to users, as well as applications, by assigning users to PRM groups. After defining PRM groups and setting resource allocations for CPU, real memory, and disk I/O bandwidth resources, you can specify how users are assigned to the PRM groups. This feature is useful for systems in which users are logging on and accessing interactive applications.
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Managing applications The amount of resources available to an application is determined by the resource allocation for the PRM group to which it is assigned. You assign an application to a PRM group in the PRM configuration based on the application’s executable name. You can assign an application to only one PRM group at a time. When an application is started, it runs in the initial PRM group of the user that invoked it.
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to the assigned PRM groups. The database processes are then allocated resources based on their configured allocations. You can also use Extended Regular Expressions to match entire command lines. You can assign each instance of the same application to separate PRM groups and consequently separate system resources. This feature is applicable to any process that renames its processes, which facilitates consolidating multiple instances or copies of an application onto a single server.
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Command-line utilities PRM is a comprehensive product. In addition to an easy-to-use GUI tool for configuration, PRM has several command-line utilities for administrators and users to control and monitor its operation. The PRM command-line utilities provide the same control functionality as the PRM GUI, plus additional monitoring features.
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The following figure shows the GUI and its CPU controls. A new PRM group named “customer” based on a pSet is about to be added. Figure 4. PRM GUI Isolating the CPU and memory of an application With HP-UX 11i v1 (B.11.11) and later, you can provide an application with total resource isolation, meaning your application runs in a PRM group that has access to a fixed pool of cores and memory.
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HP Process Resource Manager, HP-UX Workload Manager, and HP Global Workload Manager HP PRM, HP-UX Workload Manager (WLM), and HP Global Workload Manager (gWLM) all control system resources. Consequently, you should not use more than one of these products at a time on a single host. Integrating HP Process Resource Manager with other products HP PRM can be easily integrated with many applications to ensure more efficient use of your servers. Also, it is already integrated with HP-UX on several levels.
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dynamic and requires no downtime for PRM or any of the applications managed by PRM. The failedover application and all other existing applications on the standby system will get resources based on shares configured in the new PRM configuration. Integration with HP System Management Homepage The HP System Management Homepage (HP SMH) is a web-based interface that consolidates and simplifies single system management for HP servers on HP-UX, Linux, and Microsoft® Windows® operating systems.
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occur. The Glanceplus application resource alarm can send an e-mail or page to the system administrator. Integration with HP-UX commands HP developed PRM. PRM is implemented with tight integration with the HP-UX kernel. In addition, various HP-UX commands have been enhanced to support PRM. Some commands, such as id and ps, display PRM group information. Other commands, such as cron and login, ensure jobs or processes are assigned to the correct PRM groups.
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# prmanalyze -s prmid -r cpu -p -t daily -x 0 accounting_file daily CPU report by PRM id begins at Thu Jul 8 10:11:00 ave CPUs threshold 0.01 unique id ave CPUs peak CPUs total secs 0.20 0.89 17280.72 1 0.02 0.55 1195.84 11.59 2 0.09 0.88 7439.40 43.08 3 0.05 0.56 4116.09 23.82 4 0.01 0.14 1226.88 7.11 5 0.03 0.17 2479.65 14.36 0.22 0.87 19008.00 1 0.02 0.60 2208.72 11.62 2 0.09 0.87 7890.23 41.51 3 0.06 0.60 4833.73 25.43 4 0.01 0.15 1699.32 8.94 5 0.
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Related information The following references provide useful information on related products and topics: • HP Process Resource Manager (PRM) http://www.hp.com/go/prm • HP Process Resource Manager User’s Guide http://www.docs.hp.com/hpux/ha/ • HP Virtual Server Environment http://www.hp.com/go/vse • HP-UX Workload Manager http://www.hp.com/go/wlm • HP Serviceguard http://www.docs.hp.com/hpux/ha/ • HP-UX 11i v2 Security Containment http://www.hp.
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For more information For more information on HP Process Resource Manager, contact any of the HP worldwide sales offices or see the HP website at http://www.hp.com/go/prm. To learn more about the Adaptive Enterprise and virtualization, see http://www.hp.com/go/virtualization. © 2004–2007 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.