Command Reference Guide
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STANDARD Printed by: Nora Chuang [nchuang] STANDARD
/build/1111/BRICK/man1/!!!intro.1
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k
ksh(1) ksh(1)
%% alias [-tx ][name[=value] ...]
alias with no arguments prints the list of aliases in the form name=value on standard
output. An alias is defined for each name whose value is given. A trailing space in value
causes the next word to be checked for alias substitution. The -t option is used to set and
list tracked aliases. The value of a tracked alias is the full path name corresponding to the
given name. The value of a tracked alias becomes undefined when the value of PATH is
reset, but the alias remains tracked. Without the -t option, for each name in the argu-
ment list for which no value is given, the name and value of the alias is printed. The -x
option is used to set or print exported aliases. An exported alias is defined across sub-shell
environments. Alias returns true unless a name is given for which no alias has been
defined.
bg [job ...] Puts the specified jobs into the background. The current job is put in the background if job
is unspecified. See Jobs for a description of the format of job.
% break [n] Exit from the enclosing for, while, until,or select loop, if any. If n is specified,
break n levels.
% continue [n]
Resume the next iteration of the enclosing for
, while, until,or select loop. If n is
specified, resume at the n-th enclosing loop.
cd [-L-P ][arg]
cd old new This command can take either of two forms. In the first form it changes the current direc-
tory to arg.Ifarg is - the directory is changed to the previous directory. The
-L option
(default) preserves logical naming when treating symbolic links.
cd -L .. moves the
current directory one path component closer to the root directory. The -P option
preserves the physical path when treating symbolic links. cd -P .. changes the work-
ing directory to the parent directory of the current directory. The shell parameter HOME is
the default arg. The parameter
PWD is set to the current directory. The shell parameter
CDPATH defines the search path for the directory containing arg. Alternative directory
names are separated by a colon (:). If CDPATH is null or undefined, the default value is
the current directory. Note that the current directory is specified by a null path name
which can appear immediately after the equal sign or between the colon delimiters any-
where else in the path list. If arg begins with a /, the search path is not used. Otherwise,
each directory in the path is searched for arg. See also cd(1).
The second form of cd substitutesthe string new for the string old in the current directory
name, PWD and tries to change to this new directory.
The cd command cannot be executed by rksh.
echo [arg ...]
See echo(1) for usage and description.
% eval [arg ...]
Reads the arguments as input to the shell and executes the resulting command(s).
% exec [arg ...]
Parameter assignments remain in effect after the command completes. If arg is given, the
command specified by the arguments is executed in place of this shell without creating a
new process. Input/output arguments can appear and affect the current process. If no
arguments are given, the effect of this command is to modify file descriptors as prescribed
by the input/output redirection list. In this case, any file descriptor numbers greater than 2
opened with this mechanism are closed when invoking another program.
% exit [n] Causes the shell to exit with the exit status specified by n.Ifn is omitted, the exit status is
that of the last command executed. An end-of-file also causes the shell to exit, except when
a shell has the ignoreeof option set (see set below).
%% export [name [=value] ...]
The given names are marked for automatic export to the environment of subsequently exe-
cuted commands.
fc [-eename][-nlr ][first [last]]
fc -e - [old=new][command]
In the first form, a range of commands from first to last is selected from the last
HIST-
SIZE
commands typed at the terminal. The arguments first and last can be specified as a
HP-UX Release 11i: December 2000 − 12 − Section 1−−407
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