conv.3c (2010 09)

c
conv(3C) conv(3C)
NAME
toupper( ), tolower( ), _toupper( ), _tolower( ), toascii( ) - translate characters
SYNOPSIS
#include <ctype.h>
int toupper(int c);
int tolower(int c);
int _toupper(int c);
int _tolower(int c);
int toascii(int c);
DESCRIPTION
toupper() and tolower() have as domain the range of getc (3S): the integers from −1 through 255.
If the argument of
toupper() represents a lower-case letter, the result is the corresponding upper-case
letter. If the argument of tolower() represents an upper-case letter, the result is the corresponding
lower-case letter. All other arguments in the domain are returned unchanged. Arguments outside the
domain cause undefined results.
The macros
_toupper() and _tolower() are identical to toupper() and tolower(), respec-
tively.
toascii() yields its argument with all bits that are not part of a standard 7-bit ASCII character
cleared; it is intended for compatibility with other systems.
WARNINGS
toascii() is supplied both as a library function and as a macro defined in the <
ctype.h>header.
Normally, the macro version is used. To obtain the library function, either use a
#undef to remove the
macro definition or, if compiling in ANSI C mode, enclose the function name in parenthesis or take its
address. The following examples use the library function for
toascii():
#include <ctype.h>
#undef toascii
...
main()
{
...
c1 = toascii(c);
...
}
or
#include <ctype.h>
...
main()
{
int (*conv_func)();
...
c1 = (toascii)(c);
...
conv_func = toascii;
...
}
The following example use the library function for toupper():
#include <ctype.h>
#undef toupper
...
main()
{
...
char *c;
*c=toupper ((unsigned char*) c);
HP-UX 11i Version 3: September 2010 − 1 − Hewlett-Packard Company 1