VERITAS Volume Manager™ 3.
Disclaimer The information contained in this publication is subject to change without notice. VERITAS Software Corporation makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this manual, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. VERITAS Software Corporation shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this manual.
Contents Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Disk View Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Using the Menu Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Using the Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Mapping Disks to Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Volume View Window . . . . .
Show Inline Disk View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Show Dialog Top Information Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Launch Task Dialogs as Modal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Enable Subdisk Drag and Drop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 Chapter 3. Disk Tasks . . . . . . .
Importing Dynamic Disk Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Recovering Volumes in Dynamic Disk Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Commands for Hot Relocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 About Hot Spare and Hot Relocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Undoing Hot Relocation . . . . . . . . . . . .
Using Snapshot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Creating a Snapshot Copy of a Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Creating the New Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Merging a Snapshot Volume (Volume Snapback) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Dissociating a Snapshot Volume (Volume Snap Clear) . . . . . . . .
Using the QuickLog Feature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Creating a QuickLog Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Enabling a QuickLog Device for a File System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 Disabling a QuickLog Device for a File System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Removing a QuickLog Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preface Introduction This guide describes how to use the VERITAS Volume Manager™ Graphical User Interface (GUI). Audience This guide is intended for system administrators responsible for configuring and maintaining systems using the VERITAS Volume Manager (VxVM) with the VERITAS Enterprise Administrator (VEA).
Related Documents ◆ Chapter 7, “Troubleshooting,” provides information about VxVM alerts, object states, and other troubleshooting topics. ◆ Chapter 8, “Icons,” lists the icons available with VxVM. ◆ The Glossary defines terms that relate to VxVM.
Getting Help For license information (U.S. and Canadian Customers): ◆ Phone: 1-925-931-2464 ◆ E-mail: license@veritas.com ◆ Fax: 1-925-931-2487 For software updates: ◆ E-mail: swupdate@veritas.com For additional technical support information, such as TechNotes, product alerts, and hardware compatibility lists, visit the VERITAS Technical Support Web site at: ◆ http://support.veritas.com (U.S.
Getting Help xii VERITAS Volume Manager User’s Guide - VEA
1 Introducing the VEA GUI Before using the VERITAS Volume Manager VEA GUI, you should familiarize yourself with the following introductory topics: ◆ VxVM VEA Features ◆ Main Window ◆ Task Roadmap VxVM VEA Features You use the VxVM VEA to administer disks, volumes, and file systems on local or remote machines. VxVM VEA is a Java-based interface that consists of a server and a client. The server runs on a UNIX machine that is running VxVM.
Main Window ◆ Scalability VxVM VEA can handle systems containing large numbers of disks. Administrators can view all of the objects on the system, or focus on a specific object or set of objects. ◆ Security VxVM VEA does not support communication between the client and server across a firewall. ◆ Multiple VEA Support The VxVM VEA client can provide simultaneous access to multiple host machines.
Main Window Main Window The toolbar can be separated from and reattached to the main window (this is known as docking). The grid can be replicated in a separate window. The Object Tree and Grid The VxVM VEA main window is divided into two main panes: ◆ Left Pane (Object Tree) The following object groups typically appear as nodes in the object tree: - Hosts – Any host machines connected to the current VxVM VEA client session. - Controllers – All controllers on the system.
Main Window ◆ Right Pane (Grid) The right pane contains a grid, which is a tabular display of objects and their properties. The grid displays objects that belong to the group icon that is currently selected in the object tree (left pane). The splitter is the vertical bar that separates the object tree from the grid. You can resize the left and right panes by pressing and holding the mouse button over the splitter and dragging the splitter to the left or right.
Task Roadmap Disconnect Disconnects from selected machine. Search Brings up the Search Wizard. The toolbar handle is the thin bar next to the toolbar. You can use the toolbar handle to separate the toolbar from the main window or move the toolbar to the bottom, side, or top of the main window. To reposition the toolbar, press and hold the mouse button over the toolbar handle and drag the toolbar to its new location. The Status Area The status area is at the bottom of the main window.
Task Roadmap ▼ To set up disks ◆ Placing disks under VxVM control. ◆ Creating additional disk groups for the new disks (optional). ◆ Designating one or more disks as hot-relocation spares (optional). These tasks are described in Chapter 3, “Disk Tasks.” ▼ To set up volumes ◆ Creating volumes. ◆ Creating mirrors for any volumes that need to be redundant. These tasks are described in Chapter 4, “Volume Tasks.” ▼ To set up file systems ◆ Placing file systems on volumes.
Task Roadmap ◆ Use the Object Properties Window to view detailed information about a selected object. ◆ Use the Alert Tab to view information about errors or failures associated with objects that are marked with alert icons. (Windows are described in Chapter 2, “Getting Started with VxVM.”) ▼ Maintain disks ◆ Adding a Disk to VxVM. ◆ Creating a Dynamic Disk Group. ◆ Upgrading a Dynamic Disk Group Version. These tasks are described in Chapter 3, “Disk Tasks.
Task Roadmap Repair/Recovery Tasks If disk and/or system failures occur, VxVM generally performs any necessary recovery operations automatically. However, depending on the circumstances, you may need to attempt to recover from the situation as follows. ▼ Protect volumes from disk failure ◆ Adding a Disk to VxVM. ◆ Replacing Disk. These tasks are described in Chapter 3, “Disk Tasks.” ▼ Repair/recover volumes ◆ Recovering a Volume. ◆ Recover all volumes on a failed disk.
2 Getting Started with VxVM VEA Before using VEA, you need to familiarize yourself with the following: ◆ Setting Up Your System ◆ Starting VEA ◆ Viewing Objects and Object Properties - Tree and Grid View - Disk View Window - Volume View Window - Volume Layout Details Window - Volume to Disk Mapping Window ◆ Viewing Task History ◆ Command Log ◆ Search/Report ◆ Performance Tuning ◆ Load Balancing ◆ Setting Preferences ◆ Disk Failure or Removal Setting Up Your System VEA consists
Starting VEA 1. Install VxVM on the machine to be administered. 2. Install the VEA server and client on the machine to be administered. Run vxinstall to create the rootdg disk group and initialize at least one disk. 3. If users other than root need to access VEA, set up security to specify which users can run VEA. 4. If you plan to run the VEA client from a machine other than the machine to be administered, install the VEA client on the machine where the client will run. 5.
Viewing Objects and Object Properties The Volume Layout Details window displays a close-up graphical view of a single volume and its components (mirrors/plexes and subdisks). - Volume to Disk Mapping Window The Volume to Disk Mapping window shows the relationships between volumes and their underlying disks. - Object Properties Window The object Properties window contains detailed information about a specific object.
Viewing Objects and Object Properties ◆ - Access to the page setup menu - Print the properties of a selected object - Close the Disk View window - Access the Properties window - Display selected disks Options The Options menu provides you with the following selections: - Refresh View - Collapse—provides basic information for all disks in the view - Expand—provides detailed information for all disks in the view - Vol Details—basic volume information - Full Volume Display—volume objects
Viewing Objects and Object Properties . ◆ Projection The Projection button highlights objects associated with the selected subdisk or volume. Projection shows the relationships between objects by highlighting objects that are related to or part of a specific object. When disks are in layout mode or detailed mode, clicking on a subdisk highlights the location of the subdisk on the corresponding disk.
Viewing Objects and Object Properties ◆ Print The Print button prints the properties of the selected object. The toolbar handle is the thin bar next to the toolbar. You can use the toolbar handle to separate the toolbar from the window or move the toolbar to the bottom, side, or top of the window. To reposition the toolbar, press and hold the mouse button over the toolbar handle and drag the toolbar to its new location.
Viewing Objects and Object Properties Mapping Disks to Volumes You can map a disk to the associated volume by bringing up both the Disk View and the Volume View (see Volume View Window). When you click on the disk in the Disk View, the corresponding plex in the Volume View is highlighted. Volume View Window The Volume View window gives the characteristics of the volumes on the disks. The Volume View window can be accessed by clicking on a volume and selecting Actions > Volume View.
Viewing Objects and Object Properties You can move the horizontal splitter to adjust the relative heights of both panes. To resize the volume and disk panes, place the pointer over the horizontal splitter and then press and hold the mouse button to drag the splitter to the desired position.
Viewing Objects and Object Properties Dissociated Plex View Window The Dissociated Plex View window shows the dissociated plexes for a particular disk group. The Dissociated Plex View window can be displayed by clicking on a disk group and selecting Actions > Dissociated Plex View.
Viewing Objects and Object Properties Volume Layout Details Window The Volume Layout Details window displays a graphical view of the selected volume’s layout, components, and properties. You can select objects or perform tasks on objects in the Volume Layout Details window. The Volume Layout Details window is dynamic, so the objects displayed in this window are automatically updated when the volume’s properties change. The View menu changes the way objects are displayed in this window.
Viewing Objects and Object Properties The View menu changes the way objects appear in the Volume to Disk Mapping window, and allows you to set up collection of statistics for the disk group. The context-sensitive Actions menu allows you to perform tasks for a selected object. To access the popup menu for an object, right-click on the object. The Volume to Disk Mapping window has a performance monitoring feature that ranks volume response time.
Viewing Objects and Object Properties ◆ To display all of the subdisks and gaps on a particular disk, click the arrow to the left of the disk name. Any subdisks and gaps are listed below the disk name. To hide the subdisks and gaps, click the arrow again. ◆ To display all of the subdisks and gaps on all disks, choose View > Expand All. To hide all of the subdisks and gaps on all disks, choose View > Collapse All. ◆ To use the statistics collection feature, see Viewing Real-Time Statistics.
Viewing Objects and Object Properties Volume Properties Window Chapter 2, Getting Started with VxVM VEA 21
Multiple Selections Navigating the Object Properties Window You can view object properties using the following procedures: ◆ To view the properties of an object, click on the object (in the main window grid) and then choose Properties from the Selected or popup menu. You can also access the Properties window by double-clicking on the object. Example: To display volume properties, either click on a volume and then choose Volumes > Properties or double-click on a volume.
Viewing Task History Viewing Task History VEA logs all task requests. You can view the task history (including tasks in progress) using the Task History window, or the Command Log file. The Task History window displays a history of tasks performed in the current session (and any other sessions running on the machine). Each task is listed with properties such as the task name, the task status, and the start/finish times. To display the Task History window, click on Tasks at the bottom of the main window.
Command Log Select the popup menu option Throttle Task to change the task priority. You can change the priority for a single task, or select Throttle All Tasks to apply the priority to all Volume Manager Tasks. Click Ok to complete your selection. Clearing Finished Tasks Tasks are persistent in the Tasks console. To remove completed tasks from the window, select Clear All Finished Tasks from the popup menu.
Search/Report How to use the Search/Report Feature 1. In order to find an object, you must first select the object type (under Look for:). Object types include: - Volumes - Disks - Dynamic Disk Groups - Controllers - Enclosures - File systems 2. Once you have chosen the object type, you define the search criteria (under Define Criteria): The criteria menu selection is based on the object type you have selected.
Search/Report - Status - Disk - Device If you chose Disks, the available Attributes are: - Name - Dynamic group name - Size - Status - Device name - Free space If you chose Dynamic Disk Group, the available Attributes are: - Name - Imported - Size - Free space 3. Once you have chosen an Attribute, you must choose how to compare the object.
Performance Tuning 4. If you did not select the Status or Imported attribute, you must enter a number into the value box. The attribute of the object type you selected will be compared with the value you enter in the way you selected. If you selected the Status attribute, you will need to select a value from Unitialized, Healthy, Stopped, Degraded, and Failed. 5. If you selected the Size or Free space attribute, you will also need to define the unit of measurement (Sectors, KB, MB, GB, TB). 6.
Performance Tuning Real-time Statistics Collection and Display To set up real-time statistics collection and display, you need to Select Online Display Options. Select Online Display Options Use the following procedure to set the display options. ▼ To select the online data display options: 1. Choose Tools > Statistics > Online Data Display Options to bring up the Online Display Options window. 2. Select the checkboxes for the required statistics parameters.
Performance Tuning The amount of read request data (in blocks per second) that is processed for selected storage objects. It is the throughput on the read requests made. - Write Blocks/Second The amount of write request data (in blocks per second) that is processed for selected storage objects. It is the throughput on the write requests made.
Load Balancing Statistics are accumulated from when they were reset (usually they are reset when the system boots/reboots, or at object creation, whichever is most recent). - View > Compare on Refresh Each statistic request is compared with the last one to determine where the current high I/O activity is occurring. Monitoring Performance You can change the criteria that determine which disks are displayed as slow performers. Select View > Perf.
Setting Preferences the move if you don't need the data anymore or you can no longer recover the data. By doing so, you will retain the volume structure but there is no guarantee that the data will be recoverable. Use the Moving a Subdisk feature to move the part of a volume that is on a failed or missing disk to a healthy one.
Setting Preferences Preferences Window Enable Wizard Mode Check this box if you want to use the VxVM wizards. Show Inline Disk View Check this box if you want to show the disk view tab on any objects that have associated disks. (This view can take a long time to render in a configuration having a large number of objects.) Show Dialog Top Information Panel Check this box if you want to show information about an object selected in the tree while you are viewing its related objects in the table.
Setting Preferences Launch Task Dialogs as Modal Check this box if you want to prevent access to other dialogs until the task dialog box is closed. Enable Subdisk Drag and Drop Check this box if you want to use the drag and drop feature for subdisks.
Setting Preferences 34 VERITAS Volume Manager User’s Guide - VEA
3 Disk Tasks VxVM VEA provides you with easy-to-use interfaces for performing tasks and procedures associated with: ◆ Managing Disks ◆ Managing Dynamic Disk Groups The Disk Task Roadmap summarizes these tasks.
Managing Dynamic Disk Groups - Enabling a Controller - Renaming an Enclosure Managing Dynamic Disk Groups Note “dynamic disk groups” are sometimes referred to as “disk groups” in CLI and menu displays.
Disk Task Roadmap Disk Task Roadmap The following table provides a summary of common VxVM disk and dynamic disk group tasks.
Adding a Disk to VxVM To perform this task … Use this procedure … Temporarily prevent access to a dynamic disk group Deporting Dynamic Disk Groups Restore access to a deported dynamic disk group Importing Dynamic Disk Groups Remove a disk from VxVM control Removing a Disk from a Dynamic Disk Group Destroy a dynamic disk group (permanently) Destroying a Dynamic Disk Group Adding a Disk to VxVM New disks must be set up on the system, placed under VxVM control, then added to a dynamic disk group bef
Scanning Disks When you have provided all necessary information in the dialog box, click Next. 3. When the confirmation dialog box appears, click Yes to confirm your selection. 4. Click Finish to add the disk to the selected group. 5. If your system supports encapsulation, you now indicate whether the disk should be initialized or encapsulated. (It is necessary to reboot the system before encapsulation takes effect.) Notes: ◆ The Add Disk to Dynamic Group task sets up disks for VxVM use.
Reserving a Disk Reserving a Disk The Set Disk Usage feature can be used to designate a disk as a reserved disk. A reserved disk is not considered part of the free space pool. If you perform a task that requires disk space and you do not specify a disk, VxVM VEA allocates space from disks other than the reserved disk. ▼ To reserve a disk 1. Follow the instructions in Adding a Disk to VxVM to place the disk under VxVM control and in a dynamic disk group. 2. Select the disk to be reserved. 3.
Renaming a Disk Renaming a Disk The Rename Disk procedure changes the VxVM name assigned to a disk. The VxVM disk name is the name given to the disk by the administrator or VxVM. This procedure does not change the physical disk name (device name). ▼ To rename a disk 1. Select the disk to be renamed. 2. Choose Actions > Rename Disk. 3. Complete the Rename Disk dialog box as follows: Disk Name: If the correct disk name does not already display in this field, enter the disk name to be changed.
Onlining a Disk Onlining a Disk The Online Disk procedure restores access to a disk that has been taken offline. The disk is made accessible to VxVM again. After bringing a disk back online, the disk must be added to a dynamic disk group before it can be used for volumes (see “Adding a Disk to VxVM,” ). ▼ To bring a disk online 1. Select the disk to be brought online. 2. Choose Actions > Online Disk. 3. Enter Yes to confirm disk offline.
Mirroring a Disk Mirroring a Disk The Mirror Disk procedure mirrors (copies) all concatenated and striped volumes on a disk onto another disk. You can use this procedure to mirror any disk that contains concatenated or striped volumes. ▼ To mirror all volumes on a disk 1. Select the disk that contains the volumes to be mirrored onto another disk. 2. Choose Actions > Mirror Disk. 3. Enter the target disk name in the Mirror Disk. Click OK. Notes: - The Disk Mirror task requires a disk name.
Evacuating a Disk Evacuating a Disk This feature is similar to disk replacement, but it involves moving the contents of the volumes on one dynamic disk to another dynamic disk. If a disk begins to fail, you can attempt to protect/preserve the volumes on that disk by evacuating the disk. You can also evacuate a disk if you plan to remove the disk or use the disk elsewhere. The other dynamic disk does not have to be empty.
Disconnecting a Disk Disconnecting a Disk The Disconnect Disk procedure disconnects a VxVM disk from its underlying physical disk. You can disconnect a disk in preparation for the replacement of a physical disk. After disconnecting a disk, you can use the Replacing Disk task to reconnect the disk (see “Replacing Disk” on page 46). ▼ To disconnect a disk 1. Select the disk to be disconnected. 2. Choose Actions > Disconnect Disk. 3. Press OK to confirm disconnection.
Replacing Disk Replacing Disk Disks most often need replacing when they fail or start to behave strangely. A failed or removed dynamic disk can be replaced, and active redundant volumes (mirrored and RAID-5) on the replaced disk will be resynchronized automatically after disk replacement. Failed volumes on the replaced disk, however, will stay failed after disk replacement because no valid data is available for copy.
Replacing Disk 4. Click OK to perform the Disk Replacement. Notes: ◆ The Replace Disk task requires the name of the disk to be replaced and the replacement disk name. ◆ The disk to be replaced must be disconnected or removed from its dynamic disk group. If the disk has not failed, remove the disk from its dynamic disk group before you replace the disk. ◆ The new disk can be a disk in the free disk pool or an uninitialized disk.
Recovering Volumes on a Disk Recovering Volumes on a Disk The Recover Disk procedure performs any necessary volume recovery operations on the volumes on a given disk. The recovery operations depend on the types of volumes on the disk and include starting disabled volumes, resynchronizing mirrors in mirrored volumes, and resynchronizing parity in RAID-5 volumes. After successful recovery, the volumes are again available for use.
Removing a Disk from a Dynamic Disk Group Removing a Disk from a Dynamic Disk Group You can remove a disk from a dynamic disk group if there are no volumes on the disk. If volumes exist, you must delete them before you can revert the disk. Disks shown in Volume Manager to be Unreadable as well as Foreign can be removed, but doing so causes you to lose all existing data on the disk that is removed from the group.
Forcing Initialization of a Disk Forcing Initialization of a Disk Caution Forcing the initialization or reinitialization of a disk can result in data loss. The Initialize Disk procedure forces the initialization of a disk. This task is intended for use in troubleshooting disks that have already been placed under VxVM control. To initialize a disk for VxVM use, use the Add Disks task instead (see Adding a Disk to VxVM). ▼ To (re)initialize a disk 1. Select the disk to be initialized. 2.
Viewing Disk Properties Viewing Disk Properties The Disk Properties window contains detailed information about the selected disk. The following information is displayed. Category Description Disk Name of disk in VxVM. Group Name Name of dynamic disk group associated with the disk. Type Field is Dynamic. Status Fields are Imported and Deported. Capacity Size in megabytes or gigabytes Unallocated Space Amount of free space that is available to create a partition or volume.
Disabling a Controller Disabling a Controller The controller Disable procedure disables I/O to a controller. Caution If your system supports the Dynamic Multipathing (DMP) feature; it should be noted that performing the controller Disable procedure will prevent DMP from accessing the paths associated with a controller. You can disable access to a controller in preparation for hardware maintenance. ▼ To disable a controller 1. Select the controller to be disabled. 2. Choose Actions > Disable. 3.
Enabling a Controller Enabling a Controller The controller Enable procedure enables I/O to a controller. (If your system supports the DMP feature, and if DMP is enabled, then the Enable procedure also restores access to the paths associated with a controller.) ▼ To enable a controller 1. Select the controller to be enabled. 2. Choose Actions > Enable. 3.
Renaming an Enclosure Renaming an Enclosure The Enclosure Rename procedure changes the name of an enclosure (disk array). ▼ To rename an enclosure 1. Select the enclosure to be renamed. 2. Choose Actions > Enclosure Rename. 3. Complete the Rename Enclosure dialog box as follows: Enclosure Name: If the correct enclosure name does not already display in this field, enter the name. New Name: Enter the new enclosure name. When you have provided all necessary information in the dialog box, click OK.
Creating a Dynamic Disk Group Creating a Dynamic Disk Group The New Dynamic Disk Group procedure creates an additional dynamic disk group. Disks must be placed in dynamic disk groups before they can be used by VxVM. The default disk group (rootdg) is usually created during VxVM installation and always exists on a system running VxVM. You can create additional dynamic disk groups to organize your disks into logical sets of disks. When you place a disk under VxVM control, the disk is initialized.
Creating a Dynamic Disk Group Notes: ◆ 56 The New Dynamic Disk Group task requires a dynamic disk group name and the name of at least one disk. ◆ The dynamic disk group name must be unique. ◆ The new dynamic disk group must contain at least one disk. ◆ Only disks that are online and do not belong to a dynamic disk group can be used to create a dynamic disk group. ◆ The Volume Manager disk name must be unique within the dynamic disk group.
Upgrading a Dynamic Disk Group Version Upgrading a Dynamic Disk Group Version Note This procedure is not to be confused with upgrading to a dynamic disk. The Dynamic Disk Group Upgrade procedure upgrades a dynamic disk group to the dynamic disk group version that is compatible with the current VxVM release. Some new features and tasks only work on dynamic disk groups with the current dynamic disk group version, so you must upgrade existing dynamic disk groups before you perform these tasks.
Renaming Dynamic Disk Groups Renaming Dynamic Disk Groups The Rename Dynamic Disk Group procedure changes the name of an existing dynamic disk group. You can rename a dynamic disk group to provide a more appropriate name or to avoid a name conflict with a dynamic disk group to be imported. ▼ To rename a dynamic disk group 1. Select the dynamic disk group to be renamed. 2. Choose Actions > Rename Dynamic Disks Group. 3. Complete the Rename Dynamic Disk Group dialog box. 4.
Deporting Dynamic Disk Groups Deporting Dynamic Disk Groups The Deport Dynamic Disk Group procedure makes a dynamic disk group and its volumes inaccessible. Once deported, a dynamic disk group cannot be used until it is imported. You can deport a dynamic disk group to make the dynamic disk group temporarily unavailable. While a dynamic disk group is deported, you cannot remove and reuse any of its disks.
Importing Dynamic Disk Groups Importing Dynamic Disk Groups The Import Dynamic Disk Group procedure makes a deported (inaccessible) dynamic disk group and its volumes accessible again. To import a deported dynamic disk group, you must know the former name of the dynamic disk group, and this name must not be in use. In addition, at least one disk name formerly assigned to the deported dynamic disk group must not be in use. ▼ To import a dynamic disk group 1. Select the appropriate host machine node. 2.
Recovering Volumes in Dynamic Disk Groups Recovering Volumes in Dynamic Disk Groups The Recover Dynamic Disk Group procedure performs any necessary volume recovery operations on the volumes in a given dynamic disk group. The recovery operations depend on the types of volumes in the group and include starting disabled volumes, resynchronizing mirrors in mirrored volumes, and resynchronizing parity in RAID-5 volumes. After successful recovery, the volumes are again available for use.
Commands for Hot Relocation Commands for Hot Relocation The Hot Spare and Hot Relocation procedures enable a system to automatically react to I/O failures on redundant (mirrored or RAID-5) volumes, and to restore redundancy and access to those volumes.
Undoing Hot Relocation When hot relocation takes place, the failed subdisk is removed from the configuration database and Volume Manager takes precautions to ensure that the disk space used by the failed subdisk is not recycled as free space. Undoing Hot Relocation The Undo Hot Relocation procedure relocates subdisks back to their repaired original disk or replacement disk and restores a system to its original configuration.
Clearing Relocation Information for Dynamic Disk Groups Clearing Relocation Information for Dynamic Disk Groups The Clear Hot Relocation Info command deletes the information that describes the original location of any subdisks that have been hot relocated. Use this command if you do not plan to move the subdisks back to their original configuration. 1. Right-click on a disk group that contains hot relocated subdisks. 2. Select Actions > Clear Hot Relocation Info. 3.
Customizing Disks for Hot Relocation 1. Click on the disk to be customized. 2. Choose Actions > Set Disk Usage. A window appears offering three options. The default is no options are selected. The Reserved disk option allows a disk to be marked so that it will not be used in automatic selection operations. For example, if a disk is marked as reserved, during the create new volume wizard using the default option to auto select disks, the volume would not be created on the reserved disk.
Destroying a Dynamic Disk Group Destroying a Dynamic Disk Group Caution Destroying a dynamic disk group can result in data loss. The Destroy Dynamic Disk Group procedure permanently removes a dynamic disk group from VxVM control. This procedure also reinitializes all of the disks in the dynamic disk group as empty disks and places them in the free disk pool for reuse. Destroy a dynamic disk group only if you are sure that you no longer need the volumes and data in the dynamic disk group.
Moving Objects Between Dynamic Disk Groups Moving Objects Between Dynamic Disk Groups The following procedure moves a self-contained set of VxVM VEA objects between imported dynamic disk groups. This operation is performed on VxVM VEA objects such as disks or top-level volumes, and includes all component objects such as sub-volumes, plexes and subdisks. ▼ To perform a dynamic disk group move operation: 1. Right-click on the dynamic disk group to be moved. 2. Select Move Dynamic Disk Groups. 3.
Moving Objects Between Dynamic Disk Groups Notes: 68 ◆ Before moving volumes between dynamic disk groups, stop all applications that are accessing the volumes, and unmount all file systems that are configured in the volumes. ◆ The objects to be moved must be self-contained, meaning that the disks that are moved must not contain any other objects that are not intended for the move. ◆ This operation fails if it would remove all the disks from the source dynamic disk group.
Splitting A Dynamic Disk Group Splitting A Dynamic Disk Group The dynamic disk group split operation involves splitting the contents of an imported dynamic disk group and creating a new dynamic disk group (the Target dynamic disk group) with the objects defined in the dialog box. This operation is performed on VxVM VEA objects such as disks or top-level volumes, and includes all component objects such as sub-volumes, plexes and subdisks. ▼ To perform a dynamic disk group split operation: 1.
Splitting A Dynamic Disk Group Notes: 70 ◆ Before carrying out the split operation, stop all applications that are accessing the volumes, and unmount all file systems that are configured in the volumes. ◆ The objects to be split off must be self-contained, meaning that the disks that are split must not contain any other objects that are not intended for the move. ◆ This operation fails if it would remove all the disks from the source dynamic disk group.
Joining Dynamic Disk Groups Joining Dynamic Disk Groups This procedure joins two dynamic disk groups by moving all VxVM objects from an imported source dynamic disk group to an imported target dynamic disk group. The source dynamic disk group is removed when the join is complete. This operation is performed on VxVM VEA objects such as disks or top-level volumes, and includes all component objects such as sub-volumes, plexes and subdisks. ▼ To perform a dynamic disk group join operation: 1.
Activating Dynamic Disk Groups Activating Dynamic Disk Groups If supported on your platform, the Disk Groups Activation procedure sets the activation mode for a dynamic disk group. The dynamic disk group activation mode controls read and write access to volumes in the specified dynamic disk group. ▼ To activate a dynamic disk group 1. Select the dynamic disk group to be activated. 2. Choose Disk Groups > Activation. 3.
Activating Dynamic Disk Groups When you have provided all necessary information in the dialog box, click OK. Notes: ◆ ◆ ◆ The Disk Groups Activation task requires a dynamic disk group name. In a cluster environment, you must specify the dynamic disk group activation mode on a per-node basis. If your system supports a cluster environment, then the Exclusive Write, Shared Write, and Shared Read modes are also applicable. The Read Write mode is not available for shared dynamic disk groups.
Viewing Dynamic Disk Group Properties Viewing Dynamic Disk Group Properties The Disk Group Properties window contains detailed information about the selected dynamic disk group. ◆ To view the properties of a dynamic disk group, select the dynamic disk group and then choose Properties from the popup menu. Setting Disk Usage This command is used to exclude a disk from certain operations by marking it as a spare, excluding it from Hot Relocation, or marking it as a reserved disk. To set disk usage: 1.
4 Volume Tasks VxVM Volumes tasks include: - Creating a Dynamic Volume - Resizing a Dynamic Volume - Renaming a Volume - Changing a Volume Layout - Adding a Mirror to a Volume - Adding a Log to a Volume - Stopping and Restarting a Volume - Using the Volume Snapshot Feature - Recovering a Volume - Removing a Mirror From a Volume - Removing a Log From a Volume - Deleting a Volume - Associating a Plex - Moving, Splitting, and Joining Subdisks - Viewing Volume Properties 75
Volume Task Roadmap Volume Task Roadmap The following table provides a summary of common VxVM volume tasks.
Volume Task Roadmap To perform this task … Use this procedure … Other Tasks: Change a volume name Renaming a Volume Restore access to a stopped volume Recovering a Volume Remove a mirror from a volume Removing a Mirror From a Volume Remove a DRL log from a volume Removing a Log From a Volume Remove a RAID-5 log from a volume Removing a Log From a Volume Remove a volume Deleting a Volume Starting a volume Recovering a Volume Temporarily prevent access to a volume Stopping and Restarting a V
VxVM Volumes VxVM Volumes VxVM uses logical volumes to organize and manage disk space. A volume is made up of portions of one or more physical disks, so it does not have the physical limitations of a physical disk. A volume can provide greater capacity and better availability and performance than a single physical disk.
VxVM Volumes ◆ Mirrored Volume Volumes with concatenated or striped layouts can be mirrored to increase data availability. All of the data in a mirrored volume is duplicated on at least one other physical disk. If one of the disks fails, the data can still be accessed from one of the remaining disks. The plexes in a mirrored volume typically have the same layout, but a volume can consist of plexes with different layouts.
VxVM Volumes The following table summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of each volume layout. Layout Comparison Layout Advantages Disadvantages Concatenated - The volume can consist of disk regions that are not adjacent. - There is a risk of data loss if the volume is not mirrored. - The volume can span multiple disks. A spanned volume can have a greater capacity than a single disk.
VxVM Volumes Layout Comparison Layout Advantages Disadvantages Mirrored - Mirroring provides protection against disk failure and reduces the risk of data loss. - - Mirroring provides data redundancy by maintaining multiple complete copies of volume data on different disks. A mirrored volume requires extra disk space. Each mirror requires enough disk space to contain a complete copy of the volume. - Mirroring provides improved read performance.
VxVM Volumes Note The total volume size you indicate for the volume in the Create Volume Wizard is the usable size for storing the data. Depending on the layout type, the volume can take more space on the disk. The size shown in the Wizard for simple, striped, and spanned volumes is the actual volume size on the disk. A RAID-5 volume requires additional space for parity information, and a mirrored volume is a multiple of the space taken by the original plex of the volume.
Creating a Dynamic Volume Creating a Dynamic Volume You can create the following dynamic volumes: ▼ ◆ Concatenated (Concatenated and Concatenated Pro) ◆ Striped (Striped and Striped Pro) ◆ RAID-5 ◆ Mirrored To create a dynamic volume 1. Right-click a dynamic disk group in the tree view the right pane, and select New Volume from the context menu. The Create Volume wizard appears.
Creating a Dynamic Volume 3. If necessary, select the dynamic Group name for the volume from the pull-down list. 4. Type in the Volume Name. This is a Volume Manager-specific name that is used in some Volume Manager commands. It is different from the volume label for the file system. 5. Specify the volume size, or select Maxsize. The Maxsize button works differently, depending on whether you have a disk selected.
Creating a Dynamic Volume - If you do have a disk selected when you start the Create Volume wizard, a size is shown in the volume size box that represents the maximum concatenated (simple or spanned) volume size on the selected disk. If you then click the Maxsize button, a new number appears in the volume size box that represents the maximum size for a spanned volume that spans all the disks in the dynamic group.
Creating a Dynamic Volume Concatenated A concatenated volume consists of one or more regions of the specified disks. You have the option of placing a file system on the new volume or mirroring the volume. You can create a regular concatenated volume or a concatenated pro volume. A concatenated pro volume is layered and mirrored. Layout: Choose Concatenated or Concatenated Pro for the volume layout. Options: - To mirror the volume, select Mirrored.
Creating a Dynamic Volume Striped A striped volume spreads across two or more disks. You have the option of placing a file system on the new volume or mirroring the volume. You can create a regular striped volume or a striped pro volume. A striped pro volume is layered and mirrored. Layout: Choose Striped or Striped Pro for the volume layout. In the Number of Columns field, specify the number of columns (disks) across which the volume should be striped. A striped volume requires at least two disks.
Creating a Dynamic Volume Notes: 88 - A striped volume requires at least two disks. - Striped pro volumes are mirrored by default, so a striped pro volume requires more disks than an unmirrored striped volume. - If your system supports root volumes, then it should be noted that you cannot use a striped pro volume for a root volume. - You cannot use a striped pro volume for a swap volume. If no disks are assigned, VxVM uses available space on disks in the selected disk group.
Creating a Dynamic Volume RAID-5 A RAID-5 volume spreads across two or more disks, and contains parity information. You have the option of placing a file system on the new volume. Layout: Choose RAID-5 for the volume layout. In the Number of Columns field, specify the number of columns (disks) across which the volume should be striped. A RAID-5 volume requires at least three disks (or four disks if logging is enabled).
Creating a Dynamic Volume Mirrored A concatenated or striped volume is mirrored (copied) on at least one other disk. If one of the disks fails, data on the volume can be accessed from the surviving disks. Concatenated pro and striped pro volumes are layered and mirrored by default. Layout: Choose Concatenated, Striped, Concatenated Pro, or Striped Pro for the volume layout.
Creating a Dynamic Volume Resizing a Dynamic Volume The Resize Volume procedure changes the size of a volume. If users require more space on a volume, you can use this procedure to increase the size of the volume. If a volume contains unused space that you need to use elsewhere, you can use this procedure to shrink the volume. If the volume contains a file system, this procedure also resizes the file system. ▼ To resize a volume 1. Select the volume to be resized. 2. Choose Actions > Resize Volumes.
Renaming a Volume 3. Complete the Resize Volume wizard as follows: New Size: Specify one of the following: - To increase the volume size by a specific amount of space, use the Add By field to specify how much space should be added to the volume. - To decrease the volume size by a specific amount of space, use the Subtract By field to specify how much space should be removed from the volume. - To specify the new volume size, enter the size in the New Volume Size field.
Renaming a Volume ▼ To rename a volume 1. Select the volume to be renamed. 2. Choose Actions > Rename Volume. 3. Complete the Rename Volume dialog box as follows: Volume Name: If the correct volume name does not already display in this field, enter the volume name. New Name: Enter the new name for the volume. After you have provided all necessary information in the dialog box, click OK. Notes: - The Rename Volume task requires the current volume name and a new volume name.
Changing a Volume Layout Changing a Volume Layout The volume Change Layout procedure changes the layout of a volume without interrupting access to data. You can use this task to change the redundancy or performance characteristics of an existing volume. You can view the progress of the relayout task through the Relayout Status Monitor window. You can also use the Relayout Status Monitor window to pause, abort, continue, or reverse the relayout task.
Changing a Volume Layout Options: Click Show Options to access the optional settings for this task. - To retain the original volume size when the volume layout changes, click Retain volume size at completion. - To specify the size of the pieces of data that are copied to temporary space during the volume relayout, enter the size in the Temp space size field. - To specify additional disk space to be used for the new volume layout (if needed), specify the disk in the disk(s) field .
Changing a Volume Layout If you need to pause, abort, continue, or reverse a relayout task after you close the Relayout Status Monitor window, you can access the Relayout Status Monitor through the Volume Properties window. Notes: 96 - The Volume Change Layout task requires a volume name and a different volume layout. - Volumes remain accessible during online relayout. - If no disk space is specified, VxVM uses available space on disks in the current disk group.
Adding a Mirror to a Volume Adding a Mirror to a Volume The volume Add Mirror procedure creates a mirror (copy) of a volume on a disk that is not already being used by the volume. If one of the disks fails, the volume data can be accessed from the surviving disks. A volume can have multiple mirrors. ◆ To create a mirror on an existing volume, use the Add Mirror Wizard. ◆ To create a new mirrored volume, use the Create Volume Wizard. You select a mirrored layout when you create the volume.
Adding a Mirror to a Volume After you have provided all necessary information in the dialog box, click OK. Adding a mirror requires resynchronization, so this task may take some time. Notes: 98 - The Mirror Add task requires a volume name. - The new mirror cannot be created on a disk that already contains a copy of the volume. Each mirror must reside on a separate disk. - Sufficient disk space must be available to accommodate the additional mirrors.
Adding a Log to a Volume Adding a Log to a Volume The volume Add Log procedure adds the appropriate type of log to a mirrored or RAID-5 volume. When used to add a Dirty Region Logging (DRL) log to a mirrored volume, DRL uses this log to track the regions of the volume that change due to I/O writes. If a system failure occurs, DRL uses the information in the log to recover only the portions of the volume that need recovery. This speeds up recovery time for mirrored volumes.
Stopping and Restarting a Volume Stopping and Restarting a Volume The Stop Volume procedure disables a volume. When a volume is stopped, it is not available for use until it is restarted (refer to “Recovering a Volume” on page 107). Stopping a volume is a safe way of temporarily preventing access to a volume. ▼ To stop a volume 1. Select the volume to be stopped. 2. Choose Actions > Stop Volume. 3. In reply to the message “Are you sure you want to stop the volume ...,” click OK.
Using the Volume Snapshot Feature - Snap Start - Creating a Snapshot Copy of a Volume Attaches the snapshot mirror to the original volume. - Snap Shot - Creating the New Volume Detaches the snapshot mirror from the original volume and creates a snapshot volume that is associated with the snapshot mirror. - Snap Back - Merging a Snapshot Volume (Volume Snapback) Reattaches the snapshot mirror to the original volume.
Using the Volume Snapshot Feature After the snap mirror is synchronized with the volume, it can be used as a snapshot mirror. The synchronization process can take a while, but it does not interfere with use of the volume. If the Snap Start process fails, the snapshot mirror is removed and its space is released. After the mirror is synchronized, it continues to be updated until it is detached.
Using the Volume Snapshot Feature The Snapshot Volume dialog box is displayed. You are asked to select the snapshot mirror to be used to create the snapshot volume. 3. Select the mirror and click OK. When there is only one snapshot mirror, “Automatic select mirror to add snapshot” will be highlighted. If there are multiple mirrors and you want to select the mirror to be used, click to select “Manual select which mirror to add snapshot.” You then can select the mirror from the list on the screen. Click OK.
Using the Volume Snapshot Feature To reattach a snapshot mirror to the original volume, do the following: 1. Right-click the volume whose snapshot you want to reattach. A context menu is displayed. 2. Select Snap > Snap Back. 3. Specify whether the snapshot volume is resynchronized with the original volume, or the original volume is synchronized to the snapshot volume and click OK.
Preparing to Restore a Volume From Backup Aborting a Snapshot The volume Snap Abort procedure allows you to abort the snapshot procedure before it completes. If you have started the procedure, through Snap Start, but have not yet clicked on Snap Shot to complete the procedure, you can select Snap Abort to abort the procedure. ▼ To abort a snapshot operation begun with snap start, do the following: 1. Right-click on the volume that you want to abort the snapshot operation on. A context menu is displayed.
Preparing to Restore a Volume From Backup After you have provided all necessary information in the dialog box, click OK. After you have completed this task, you can restore the volume data from backup. Note: If the volume contains a mounted file system, the file system must be unmounted before this task can proceed. This task does not remount the file system.
Recovering a Volume Recovering a Volume The Recover Volume procedure performs any necessary volume recovery operations on a volume. The recovery operations depend on the type of volume and include starting disabled volumes, resynchronizing mirrors in mirrored volumes, and resynchronizing parity in RAID-5 volumes. After successful recovery, the volume is again available for use. Alert icons and the Alert Monitor window can provide clues to let you know that volume recovery is needed.
Removing a Mirror From a Volume Removing a Mirror From a Volume Caution Removing a mirror can result in loss of data redundancy. The Mirror Remove procedure removes a mirror from its volume. This procedure breaks the link between the mirror and its volume and returns the mirror disk space to the free space pool for reuse. You can remove an extra mirror from a volume to make the underlying disk space available for use elsewhere.
Removing a Mirror From a Volume After you have provided all necessary information in the dialog box, click OK. Notes: - The Mirror Remove task requires a volume name. This task also requires the number of mirrors to remove, a disk name, or a mirror name. - If a volume only has two mirrors and one mirror is removed, the volume is no longer redundant. - The last mirror (plex) cannot be removed from a volume.
Removing a Log From a Volume Removing a Log From a Volume The Log Remove procedure removes a log from a mirrored or RAID-5 volume. For a mirrored volume, this removes a DRL log from the volume. For a RAID-5 volume, this removes a RAID-5 log from the volume. ▼ To remove a log from a volume 1. Select the volume that contains the RAID-5 or DRL log to be removed. 2. Select Actions > Log > Remove. 3.
Deleting a Volume Deleting a Volume Caution Deleting a volume can result in data loss. This procedure permanently removes a volume and all of its data. You should only remove a volume if you are sure that you do not need the data in the volume (or the data is backed up elsewhere). You can remove a volume to make the underlying disk space available for use elsewhere. ▼ To delete a volume 1. Select the volume to be deleted. 2. Choose Actions > Delete Volume. 3.
Associating a Plex Associating a Plex The Plex Associate procedure associates (attaches) a plex to a volume. This involves copying data from an active mirror on the volume to the new plex (mirror). ▼ To associate a plex 1. Choose Plex Associate. 2. Complete the Associate Plex dialog box as follows: Plex Name: Volume Name: Enter the plex name. Enter the name of the volume to be associated with the plex or click Browse to select a volume.
Moving, Splitting, and Joining Subdisks Moving a Subdisk Note You are not allowed to move a subdisk that is part of a boot or system volume. The Subdisk Move procedure moves the contents of a volume subdisk from one disk to another. This is useful for moving portions of a volume to a different disk for improved performance. If disk activities are heavily concentrated on one or a small number of disks in the storage subsystem, it may create bottlenecks.
Moving, Splitting, and Joining Subdisks 5. If you selected the manual assignment of the destination disk, an extra screen appears. Select the hard disk you wish to move the subdisk to and click Next. Note VxVM automatically checks the state of the data before beginning the subdisk move. If the data is degraded, the subdisk can still be moved. After moving, you will need to reactivate the disk to clear the degraded setting. 6. The final screen of the Subdisk Move wizard appears.
Moving, Splitting, and Joining Subdisks 4. The welcome screen of the Subdisk Split wizard appears. Click Next to continue. 5. In the next screen that comes up, specify the subdisk size for the first of the two subdisks and Click Next. The remaining space left over will be assigned to the second subdisk. For example, if the original subdisk was 100 MB and you assigned 40 MB to the first subdisk, the other subdisk will be 60 MB. 6. The final screen of the Subdisk Split wizard appears.
Subdisk Properties ▼ To join subdisks 1. Identify one of the two subdisks that you want to join and display it in the right pane. 2. Right-click on the subdisk you want to join to bring up its context menu. 3. Select Join from the context menu. 4. The welcome screen of the Subdisk Join wizard appears. Click Next to continue. 5. In the screen that comes up next, select the subdisks to be joined together and click Next. 6. The final screen of the Subdisk Join wizard appears.
Subdisk Properties numbers after the dash represent a number for the subdisk within the disk. Thus, if the subdisk was the first one created for a particular disk, it would have 01 after the dash, the second disk created would have 02 after the dash, and so on. Size This field displays the size of the subdisk. Column Column displays the column that the subdisk occupies in the volume. Striped and RAID-5 volumes have multiple columns. Disk Offset This is the offset where the subdisk starts on the disk.
Viewing Volume Properties Viewing Volume Properties The Volume Properties window contains detailed information about the selected volume. The Properties window contains a set of tabbed pages, each of which contains information about the volume and related objects. You can display a different page by clicking on the appropriate tab label. 118 ◆ To view the properties of a volume, select the volume and then choose Properties from the Volumes or popup menu.
5 File System Tasks File system tasks include: - Adding a New File System to a Volume - Mounting a File System - Unmounting a File System - Removing a File System from the File System Table - Defragmenting a File System - Creating a Snapshot Copy of a File System - Checking a File System - Viewing File System Properties - Unmounting a File System from a Cluster Node - Removing Resource Information for a Cluster File System 119
File System Task Roadmap File System Task Roadmap The following table provides a summary of common VEA file system tasks.
Adding a New File System to a Volume Adding a New File System to a Volume You can use the Volume Manager New File System procedure to place a file system onto an existing volume and mount the file system. This also updates the file system table file, if necessary. ▼ To add a new file system to an existing volume 1. Select the volume to contain the file system. 2. Choose Actions > File System > New File System. 3.
Adding a New File System to a Volume Allocation Unit/Block size File System Allocation Unit Values Block Size Values ufs 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192 4096, 8192 vxfs same as block size 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192 jfs, jfs2 512, 1024, 2048, 4096 512, 1024, 2048, 4096 ext2, ext3 1024, 2048, 4096 1024, 2048, 4096 hfs 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16384, 65536 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16384, 65536 Option File Systems Description largefiles/nolargefiles vxfs, jfs, fs2 File system contains/does not con
Adding a New File System to a Volume Mount Options Option File Systems Description largefiles/nolargefiles vxfs, jfs, fs2 File system contains/does not contain files equal or greater than 2 GBytes. Quick I/O (checkbox) vxfs Enables/disables the VERITAS Quick I/O for Databases option for the filesystem. QuickLog device (checkbox) vxfs Enables the filesystem to use VERITAS QuickLog. Select also the log device number to be used (1 to 31). Cluster mount (checkbox).
Adding a New File System to a Volume noatime Disables access time vxfs recording. Notes: 124 - The New File System task requires a file system type. - The mount point must be an absolute pathname (that is, it must begin with /). If the file system is to be mounted at startup, a file system mount point is required. If the Add to file system table checkbox is selected, then the file system table is automatically updated when the file system is mounted.
Mounting a File System Mounting a File System The Mount File System procedure mounts a file system and updates the file system table file, if necessary. ▼ To mount a file system on an existing volume 1. Select the volume that contains the file system to be mounted. 2. Choose Actions > File System > Mount File System. 3. Complete the Mount File System dialog box ▼ To mount any file system 1. Select the file system to be mounted. 2. Choose Actions > Mount File System. 3.
Unmounting a File System After you have provided all necessary information in the dialog box, click OK. Notes: - The specified volume must contain a file system. The mount point must be an absolute pathname (that is, it must begin with /). Unmounting a File System The Unmount File System procedure unmounts a file system. ▼ To unmount a file system on a volume 1. Select the volume containing the file system to be unmounted. 2. Choose Actions > File System > Unmount File System. 3.
Removing a File System from the File System Table Removing a File System from the File System Table The file systems Remove from File System Table procedure removes its resource information from the file system table. ▼ To remove file system information from the file system table 1. Select the file system to be removed. 2. Choose Actions > Remove from File System Table. 3. Click Yes in the Remove File System dialog to confirm that you want the file system information removed.
Creating a Snapshot Copy of a File System Creating a Snapshot Copy of a File System The File System Snapshot procedure prepares VxFS for online backup by creating a snapshot copy of the file system. This is done by creating a new volume, mounting a snapshot file system on the new volume, and copying the contents of the original file system to the snapshot file system. The snapshot file system is a consistent copy of the original file system at the time the snapshot was made.
Checking a File System After you have provided all necessary information in the dialog box, click OK. Notes: - The File System Snapshot task requires a file system name, a snapshot mount point, and a snapshot size. - The File System Snapshot task is only available for VxFS file systems. - After you create the snapshot copy of the file system, remember to back it up to tape or some other media. Remove the snapshot file system when it is no longer needed.
Checking a File System 3. Click Yes in the Check File System dialog to confirm that you want the file system checked. Notes: - 130 The file system must be unmounted. VxVM assumes that fsck does not require user input. If user input is required, this task fails and fsck must be run at the command line.
Monitoring File System Capacity Monitoring File System Capacity The Set Usage Threshold procedure enables you to monitor the capacity of a file system on a mounted volume. ▼ To monitor the capacity of a file system 1. Select the file system to be monitored. 2. Choose Actions > Set Usage Threshold. 3. Complete the Set Usage Threshold dialog box as follows: Monitor Capacity Select the Monitor Capacity checkbox to initiate capacity monitoring on the file system.
Viewing File System Properties Viewing File System Properties The File System Properties window contains detailed information about the selected file system. Select File Systems then Properties. You can also view the properties associated with each mount point under the file systems. 132 ◆ To view the properties of a particular file system mount point, select File Systems, then choose the mount point and Properties from the popup menu.
Using the QuickLog Feature Using the QuickLog Feature ◆ Creating a QuickLog Volume ◆ Enabling a QuickLog Device for a File System ◆ Disabling a QuickLog Device for a File System ◆ Removing a QuickLog Volume Creating a QuickLog Volume The Make Log procedure designates a volume as a QuickLogTM volume. After setting up a QuickLog volume, you can enable a QuickLog device for a file system. ▼ To designate a volume as a QuickLog volume 1. Select the volume to be used for the QuickLog device. 2.
Using the QuickLog Feature Enabling a QuickLog Device for a File System The QuickLog Enable procedure enables a QuickLog device on a VxFS file system. Before you enable a QuickLog device, you must designate a volume as a QuickLog volume. Note You can enable QuickLog on the file system automatically at system startup by selecting Mount at Boot, and specifying the appropriate options when completing the New File System dialog box (see Adding a New File System to a Volume).
Using the QuickLog Feature Disabling a QuickLog Device for a File System The QuickLog Disable procedure disables QuickLog for a VxFS file system. ▼ To disable a QuickLog device for a file system 1. Select the file system to have QuickLog disabled. 2. Choose Actions > QuickLog > Disable. 3. Check that the correct file system name is displayed in the Disable QuickLog dialog box, then click OK. Notes: - The QuickLog Disable task is only available if QuickLog is installed/licensed.
Using the QuickLog Feature Removing a QuickLog Volume The Quicklog Remove procedure detaches a QuickLog volume from a QuickLog device. Before you remove a QuickLog volume, you must disable QuickLog for all QuickLog-enabled file systems using that QuickLog device. ▼ To remove a QuickLog volume 1. Select the QuickLog volume to be detached. 2. Choose Actions > QuickLog > Remove Log. Check that the correct volume name is displayed in the QuickLog Remove Log dialog box, then click OK.
Unmounting a File System from a Cluster Node Unmounting a File System from a Cluster Node Use the Unmount File System procedure to unmount a VxFS file system on a selected volume in cluster (shared) mode. ▼ To unmount a cluster file system from a particular volume 1. Select the volume containing the cluster file system to be unmounted. 2. Choose Actions > File System > Unmount File System... 3. Select the nodes to be unmounted from the Unmount Cluster File System dialog box.
Removing Resource Information for a Cluster File System Removing Resource Information for a Cluster File System The Remove Cluster Mount procedure removes cluster file system resource information from the cluster configuration file. Note The cluster file system must be unmounted before performing the Remove Cluster Mount procedure. ▼ To remove a cluster file system resource information 1. Select the file system. 2. Choose Actions > Remove Cluster Mount. 3.
6 Cluster Tasks VxVM provides access to cluster-related features only if the optional cluster functionality is present. The following tasks are associated with clusters: ◆ Working with Clusters ◆ Creating a Shared Dynamic Disk Group ◆ Importing a Shared Dynamic Disk Group The Cluster Task Roadmap shows a summary of common cluster tasks.
Cluster Task Roadmap Cluster Task Roadmap The following table provides a summary of common VxVM cluster tasks.
Working with Clusters Working with Clusters VxVM includes an optional cluster feature that enables VxVM to be used in a cluster environment. To activate the cluster feature, you must obtain a license for the VxVM cluster functionality. After adding the cluster license to the machine, you must restart the VxVM server to enable cluster support. When a cluster license is present on a machine, VxVM displays a Clusters icon in the object tree (even if the machine is not currently set up as a node in a cluster).
Working with Clusters Notes: 142 - When VxVM is connected to a single host, that host is auto-expanded; that is, the hierarchy of objects under that host is fully displayed in the dialog. - If VxVM is connected to more than one host, the hierarchy of objects is not auto-expanded.
Creating a Shared Dynamic Disk Group Creating a Shared Dynamic Disk Group The New Dynamic Disk Group procedure creates an additional dynamic disk group. Disks must be placed in dynamic disk groups before they can be used by VxVM. The default disk group (rootdg) is usually created during VxVM installation and always exists on a system running VxVM. You can create additional dynamic disk groups to organize your disks into logical sets of disks.
Creating a Shared Dynamic Disk Group Notes: u The Add Disk to Dynamic Disk Group task requires a dynamic disk group name and the name of at least one disk. u The dynamic disk group name must be unique. u The new dynamic disk group must contain at least one disk. u Only disks that are online and do not belong to a dynamic disk group can be used to create a dynamic disk group. u The Volume Manager disk name must be unique within the dynamic disk group.
Importing a Shared Dynamic Disk Group Importing a Shared Dynamic Disk Group The Import Dynamic Disk Group procedure makes a deported (inaccessible) shared dynamic disk group and its volumes accessible again. To import a deported dynamic disk group, you must know the former name of the dynamic disk group, and this name must not be in use. In addition, at least one disk name formerly assigned to the deported dynamic disk group must not be in use. ▼ To import a shared dynamic disk group 1.
Importing a Shared Dynamic Disk Group When you have provided all necessary information in the dialog box, click OK. Notes: u Only deported dynamic disk groups can be imported. u A deported dynamic disk group cannot be imported if another dynamic disk group with the same name has been created since the dynamic disk group was deported. u When a dynamic disk group is imported, the system stamps its host ID on all disks in the dynamic disk group.
7 Troubleshooting Select one of the following options for information on alerts, object states, and other troubleshooting topics. If you are unable to resolve a problem by following the instructions provided, please contact Customer Support for additional information.
Client Java Exceptions and Errors Client Java Exceptions and Errors When a client Java exception or error occurs, an error alert icon is displayed on the bottom of the main window. Click on this icon to display the Java console containing the text of the errors or exceptions.
Disk Troubleshooting Disk Troubleshooting The disk state indicates the current condition of a disk. The disk state appears in the state column of the grid and in the Disk Properties window. When a disk is unhealthy, an alert icon appears on the disk and the disk is listed in the Alert Monitor window.
Disk Troubleshooting - Disk State: Not Initialized - Disk State: Locked - Disk State: Inactive - Disk State: Foreign Owned Disk State: Imported The disk is accessible and has no known problems. The disk is under VxVM control and belongs to a dynamic disk group. This is the normal disk state. No user action is required. Disk State: Free The disk is freely available. A disk that is freely available is under VxVM control, but does not belong to a dynamic disk group.
Disk Troubleshooting Disk State: Not Setup The disk is not under VxVM control. ❖ To make the disk available for VxVM use, place the disk under VxVM control and add the disk to a dynamic disk group. Disk State: Import Failed The disk was previously under VxVM control, but VxVM cannot access the disk and/or configuration information for the disk. The disk is not available for use. This can happen after you upgrade VxVM. This can also happen if some disks are inaccessible at system startup.
Disk Troubleshooting Disk State: Deported The disk belongs to a dynamic disk group that is currently deported. The disk is not available for use in the deported dynamic disk group and cannot be added to a new dynamic disk group. ❖ To return the disk to a usable state, import the dynamic disk group for the disk. ❖ To move the disk to another dynamic disk group, import the current disk group, remove the disk, and add the disk to a new dynamic disk group.
Disk Troubleshooting ❖ To make all of the disks in the dynamic disk group available for use on the local machine, deport the disk group on the remote machine and then import the dynamic disk group on the local machine. ❖ To make one disk available for use on the local machine, remove the disk from its dynamic disk group (on the other machine) and add it to a dynamic disk group on the local machine.
Disk Troubleshooting ❖ 154 To make the disk available for VxVM use, remove the disk from the other disk management product control and place the disk under VxVM control.
Volume Troubleshooting Volume Troubleshooting The volume state indicates the current condition of a volume. The volume state appears in the state column of the grid and in the Volume Properties window. When a volume is unhealthy, an alert icon appears on the volume and the volume is listed in the Alert Monitor window.
General Troubleshooting Volume State: Degraded The RAID-5 volume is in a degraded mode. This usually occurs when one or more subdisks are unavailable and read requests require data reconstruction. An underlying disk may have failed completely or there may be I/O errors on part of a disk. Alternatively, an underlying disk may be disconnected. ❖ Make sure that the physical disks are turned on, plugged in, and attached to the computer. Repair any disk, controller, or cable problems.
General Troubleshooting Client/Server Problems User is not authorized to connect to the server. This error can occur for the following reasons: ◆ The user name is incorrect. ◆ The password is incorrect. ◆ The user does not have an account on the machine. ◆ The password and group files or NIS tables do not contain entries for the user. ◆ The user is not listed in the vrtsadm group entry. ❖ Enter the user name and password again.
General Troubleshooting ❖ Restart the server. The server seems to have multiple addresses. The server (host) may be known by multiple addresses. ❖ Try to specify one of the server IP addresses as the server host name. Configuration Changes VxVM is dynamic, so it automatically displays new objects or changes to existing objects on the system. These changes or additions are usually reflected in VEA immediately (or within a short time).
8 Icons The following tables show icons that appear in VxVM VEA: ◆ Object Icons ◆ Toolbar Icons ◆ Task Status Icons ◆ Performance Monitoring Icons ◆ Miscellaneous Icon Object Icons Icon Description host connect/disconnect host mirror log disk 159
Object Icons Icon Description subdisk disk group volume new volume Stopped volume Quicklog volume task log controller enclosure (disk array) file system - snapshot file system - not mounted file system - mounted cluster node 160 VERITAS Volume Manager User’s Guide - VEA
Toolbar Icons Toolbar Icons Icon Description Alert Monitor window Search Properties Search window New Volume dialog box Print dialog box collapse/expand disks collapse/expand volumes projection Chapter 8, Icons 161
Task Status Icons Task Status Icons Icon Description Exited task Performance Monitoring Icons Icon Description Low I/O Activity Normal I/O Activity High I/O Activity Critical I/O Activity Miscellaneous Icon 162 VERITAS Volume Manager User’s Guide - VEA
Miscellaneous Icon Icon Description alert error message information question warning Chapter 8, Icons 163
Miscellaneous Icon 164 VERITAS Volume Manager User’s Guide - VEA
Glossary alert An indication that an error or failure has occurred on an object on the system. When an object fails or experiences an error, an alert icon appears. alert icon An icon that indicates that an error or failure has occurred on an object on the system. Alert icons usually appear in the status area of the main window and on the group icon of the affected object. Alert Monitor A window that provides information about objects that have failed or experienced errors.
cluster A set of host machines (nodes) that shares a set of disks. cluster file system See CFS. command log A log file that contains a history of VERITAS Volume Manager (VxVM) tasks performed in the current session and previous sessions. Each task is listed with the task originator, the start/finish times, the task status, and the low-level commands used to perform the task. device name The physical disk device name (or disk access name). dialog box A window in which the user submits information to VxVM.
graphical view A window that displays a graphical view of objects. In VxVM, the graphical views include the Object View window and the Volume Layout Details window. grid A tabular display of objects and their properties. The grid lists VERITAS Volume Manager objects, disks, controllers, or file systems. The grid displays objects that belong to the group icon that is currently selected in the object tree. The grid is dynamic and constantly updates its contents to reflect changes to objects.
node In the VxVM tree, a node is an element attached to the tree. In a cluster environment, a node is a host machine in a cluster. object group A group of objects of the same type. Each object group has a group icon and a group name. In VxVM, object groups include disk groups, disks, volumes, controllers, free disk pool disks, uninitialized disks, and file systems. object tree A dynamic hierarchical display of VERITAS Volume Manager objects and other objects on the system.
Search window The VERITAS Volume Manager search tool. The Search window provides a set of search options that can be used to search for objects on the system. Selected menu A context-sensitive menu that changes its menu options to match the type of object that is selected. By default, the Selected menu is greyed out. When an object is selected, the Selected menu provides access to tasks appropriate for the selected object.
volume A virtual disk or entity that is made up of portions of one or more physical disks. Volume Layout Details Window A window that displays a graphical view of a volume and its components. The objects displayed in this window are not automatically updated when the volume properties change. Volume to Disk Mapping Window A window that displays a tabular view of volumes and their underlying disks. This window can also display details such as the subdisks and gaps on each disk. VxFS VERITAS File System.
Index volumes 78, 83 Critical Usage 11 A activating dynamic disk groups 72 activation mode 143 adding disks 38 file systems 121 alert interval 131 alerts icons 5 on disks 149 on volumes 155 associating plexes 112 B backing up file systems 128 boot disk mirroring 43 C changing volume layouts 94 checking file systems 129 client 9 cluster file system unmounting 137 cluster nodes cluster mounting file system on 125 clusters creating shared disk groups 143 importing disk groups 145 command log 24 commands, view
38 properties 20, 51 recovering 48 reinitializing 50 removing 49 renaming 41 restoring access 42 setup tasks 6 states 149 task roadmap 37 troubleshooting 50, 149 Volume Manager 38 volume mapping 11, 18 displaying commands 23 disk properties 51 dissociated objects 14 dynamic disk group properties 74 file system properties 132 object properties 10 Object Properties window 20 objects 10 volume properties 118 dissociated objects, displaying 14 drag and drop subdisks 33 dynamic disk group name, changing 58 dynam
Task Status 162 If 39 importing dynamic disk groups 60 shared disk groups 145 initializing disks 39, 50 Moving a subdisk 113 multiple host support 2 N Normal Usage 11 O object properties displaying 20, 51, 74, 118, 132 in grid 11 window 20 object tree 3 objects displaying 10 viewing 10 online disks 42 Options menu 4 J joining dynamic disk groups 71 L layered volumes 79 Load balancing subdisk move 30 logs adding to volumes 99 command log 24 disabling 110 QuickLog 133, 134 removing 110 P performance monito
disks 48 volumes 8, 48, 61, 107 recovery tasks 8 relayout 94 remote administration 1 removing disks 49 dynamic disk groups 66 logs 110 volumes 111 renaming disk arrays 54 disks 41 dynamic disk groups 58 enclosures 54 volumes 92 resizing file systems 127 restarting and recovering volumes 100 roadmap, disk task 37 root disk mirroring 43 Statistics tab view 28 status area 5 stopping volumes 100 striped 87 striped volumes 78 Subdisk Move command 113 Subdisks numbering 116 subdisks graphical view 15, 17 moving
mounting file systems 125 preparing to restore 105 properties 20, 118, 132 RAID-5 78, 89 recovering 48, 61, 107 recovering/restarting 100 recovery tasks 8 relayout 94 removing logs 110 removing mirrors 108 removing volumes 111 renaming 92 repair tasks 8 setup tasks 6 snapshot copies 100 splitting subdisks 114 stopping 100 striped 78, 87 striped pro 79 task roadmap 76 troubleshooting 155 underlying disks 11, 18 unmounting file systems 126, 127, 138 VRTSexplorer xi VxVM obtaining system information xi V VEA
176 VERITAS Volume Manager User’s Guide - VEA
