Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) HP-UX Handbook Revision 13.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 TERMS OF USE AND LEGAL RESTRICTIONS FOR THE HP-UX RECOVERY HANDBOOK ATTENTION: PLEASE READ THESE TERMS CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THE HP-UX HANDBOOK. USING THESE MATERIALS INDICATES THAT YOU ACCEPT THESE TERMS. IF YOU DO NOT ACCEPT THESE TERMS, DO NOT USE THE HP-UX HANDBOOK. THE HP-UX HANDBOOK HAS BEEN COMPILED FROM THE NOTES OF HP ENGINEERS AND CONTAINS HP CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction........................................................................................................................................ 5 I/O Resources ..................................................................................................................................... 6 Networking .....................................................................................................................
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 hpvmconsole .......................................................................................................................................... 30 hpvmstatus............................................................................................................................................. 31 hpvmmodify ...............................................................................................................................
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 Introduction This chapter provides an overview of the Integrity Virtual Machine product. Integrity Virtual Machine is not included with the HP-UX Operating System. With this product it is possible to run multiple instances of HP-UX on one node. The detailed product information can be found at The Business Support Center(BCS): HP-UX Virtual Partitions (vPars) and Integrity Virtual Machines (VM).
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 Integrity Virtual Machines is a soft partitioning and virtualization technology that provides operating system isolation, with sub-CPU allocation granularity and shared I/O. I/O Resources Networking For the guest to communicate outside the VM Host system, each guest virtual network must be associated with a virtual switch (vswitch). For each network adapter accessible to a guest, you must create a vswitch.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 The following virtual DVD-ROM types are supported: Virtual DVD: emulated SCSI DVD-ROM with virtual media comes from a disc inside of a CD/DVD drive on the VM Host. Virtual FileDVD: emulated SCSI DVD-ROM with virtual media that comes from a VM Host ISO file. Virtual NullDVD (empty): emulated SCSI DVD-ROM with no virtual media currently present.
Chapter 18 • • • Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 − A high performance Networking and Storage solution for Integrity VM Details − Storage and network AVIO device drivers on guests and VM Host − Avoids traversing SCSI, network stack twice (in guest and VM Host) − Shared I/O channel through the VM Monitor improves latency & BW Performance − Improves bandwidth by up to 2X compared to existing Virtual I/O − Reduces CPU usage by up to 50% compared to existing Virtual I/O Support − Co-exis
Chapter 18 Memory Software Restrictions Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 - VM Host operating system - VM Host software (50MB) - Swap space size should be at least as large as physical memory plus 4GB. - Disk space for each guest operating system, including swap space. - Disk space for the applications running on each guest Sufficient physical memory (RAM), including the following: - 750MB + 7.5% of remaining memory - Physical memory required for each guest.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 bundle includes HPVM tools such as hpvminfo and hpvmcollect, and a set of kernel tunes that improve I/O and network performance and behavior of the guest. Patches: Refer to the Integrity VM Release Notes or to the WTEC Product Version page. Windows Guest Required Resources Operating System Software (Only supported Integrity VM versions A.03.05 thru A.04.02.05) Description HP Integrity Windows 2003 software media with Service Pack 1.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 For OS Installation on Guests see HP Integrity Virtual Machines Installation, Configuration and Administration Guide. Software Upgrade 1. Back up the /var/opt/hpvm directory to retain existing Integrity VM configuration files. 2. Log in to each guest on the VM Host and gracefully shut down the operating system (it is preferable even when installation procedure will stop any running guests) 3.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) vmm_config.prev nvram vm_dev October 29, 2013 previous virtual machine configuration nvram virtual machine device file (hpvmdvr driver) c) common files (/var/opt/hpvm/common) command.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 ds=16.6.64.51: vmguest1:tc=System-IPF:ip=15.180.3.217:ha=9258eeee1516: vmguest2:tc=System-IPF:ip=15.180.3.218:ha=42de2d02b285: System-IPF specifies a set of default values and two for Ignite-UX clients (vmguest1 and vmguest2) that use those defaults. This particular default entry has four values that must be modified for your configuration: bp – The IP address of the Ignite-UX server to be used to respond to clients.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 b) Setting up a DHCP environment If Ignite-UX clients do not have static IP addresses assigned to them, as in a DHCP environment, then host-specific entries in /etc/bootptab are not practical. To accommodate such anonymous clients, HP-UX 11i v3 provides an option for DHCP configuration that enables the device_pool_group feature to be used. To use this feature, set up an entry in the /etc/dhcptab configuration file.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 addr-pool-last-address – Identifies the end of a range of IP addresses offered to clients. subnet-mask – The subnet mask used by clients. bf – The EFI network boot program to use. After this entry is made in the /etc/dhcptab file on the Ignite-UX server, restart the bootpd daemon. It is typically started by inetd and you can verify this by examining the /etc/inetd.conf configuration file.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 d) Manage the Ignite-UX index file for applications # manage_index -a -f /var/opt/ignite/data/Rel_B.11.31/apps_cfg /var/opt/ignite/INDEX file should contain the following lines: cfg "HP-UX B.11.31 Default" { description "This selection supplies the default system configuration that HP supplies for the B.11.31 release." "/opt/ignite/data/Rel_B.11.31/config" "/opt/ignite/data/Rel_B.11.31/hw_patches_cfg" "/var/opt/ignite/data/Rel_B.11.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 HPVM-Guest – A combination of tools for tuning the HP-UX operating system for a VM and two useful commands for collecting status and state of a VM – hpvminfo and hpvmcollect. VMProvider – The Integrity VM WBEM provider which is used by HP’s Virtual Server Environment (VSE) tools such as Virtualization Manager (vman) and the Integrity VM graphical user interface (vmmgr). The VMProvider requires either the VMGuestLib or HPVM-Guest.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 –d /var/opt/ignite/data/Rel_B.11.31 -n B.11.31_VMGuest_archive.gz Note that the golden system must be listed in the /.rhosts file on the Ignite-UX server. If not, you will see the following error: ERROR: Cannot remsh server system_name (check server .rhosts file). Typically make_sys_image will run for several minutes.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 to: nfs_source = "15.180.3.215: /var/opt/ignite/data/Rel_B.11.31" 4. Continuing in the configuration file, modify the init sw_sel section(s) so that it corresponds to your golden image. Note that the example configuration specifies two different images – one for Itanium-based systems (ia64) and another for PA-RISC systems (hppa).
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 cfg "HP-UX B.11.31 VM Config" { description "This selection supplies the VM configuration." "/opt/ignite/data/Rel_B.11.31/config" "/var/opt/ignite/data/Rel_B.11.31/vm_guest.cfg" "/var/opt/ignite/config.local" } 6. Verify the syntax of your newly-entered configuration information with the following command: # /opt/ignite/bin/instl_adm –T If this command is successful, your configuration is now ready to use.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 Give the target_client NFS access to the archive of the source system. To do this, login to the server that holds the archive (normally the Ignite-UX server). Typically, each client has its own directory for storing the archives, and the directory is exported only to the individual client.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 Select the Load File entry with the MAC address you’re going to use for the Ignite-UX installation. If there is more than one such Load File entry and your VM has a fixed IP, then be sure to select the entry with the MAC address that corresponds to the entry made for this VM in the HP-UX Handbook – Rev 13.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 Ignite-UX server’s /etc/bootptab file. Note that one can obtain the MAC address for the VM here rather than from hpvmstatus. After selecting the appropriate Load File entry, the client will broadcast a request and the Ignite-UX Server will, if everything is configured correctly, respond. A successful connection and initiation of communication between the client and the Ignite-UX server is shown below.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 Recovery -> recovery/cloning DVD Installation / Recovery Using VM Host internal DVD You will be able to install a virtual machine from the host local DVD, you just need to add the guest configuration a virtual dvd associated with the local DVD and insert HPUX media. Using an ISO golden image You will need to install the Ignite-UX utilities software on the golden system. Version C.6.5.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 # cp –p /opt/ignite/data/examples/B.11.31.archives.cfg \ /scratch/staging/vm.cfg You’ll need to customize the configuration file for your archive. Several modifications of the (is_ia64) section are necessary. For example, in the vm.cfg file, change: archive_path = "B.11.31_archive_IA.gz" to: archive_path = "vm.gz" Then replace all of the impacts entries with those from those from the impacts.txt file (created above).
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 You will see two warnings that are expected (please ignore them): Warning: creating filesystem that does not conform to ISO-9660. Warning: ISO-9660 filenames longer than 31 may cause buffer overflows in the OS. The command will take several minutes to complete and will be fairly verbose.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 Also you can add a virtual DVD associated with the host local DVD. # hpvmmodify -P vmguest2 -a dvd:scsi::disk:/dev/rdsk/c0t0d0 Once the virtual DVD is associated with the VM, it will automatically identify it when powered. Note that the VM’s EFI automatically identifies the file system (fsX) on the virtual DVD (media should be into DVD if using host DVD). Subsequently, the installation media is located on the virtual DVD (i.e.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 hpvmclone hpvmmigrate hpvmcollect (*) Create a VM that is copy of an existing VM Migrate a VM to a different host Collect crash dumps, logs, system status, and configuration on the VM host or guests for analysis hpvminfo (*) Display information about VM environment (*)Available on guests if HPVM-Guest software is installed (recommended) Note: Man pages are available at: WTEC SharePoint hpvmcreate The hpvmcreate command creates a new virtual
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 hpvmremove: Remove the virtual machine 'vmguest2'? [n]: hpvmstart The hpvmstart command is used to boot a guest OS. It does all resource checks for VM and will prevent it from starting it they are not met (You can force it with the –F option but it is no recommended and can cause data corruption, virtual machine hangs,..) Example: vmhost# hpvmstart -P vmguest2 (C) Copyright 2000 - 2006 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 hpvmconsole Integrity VM virtual machine console is similar in appearance to the maintenance processor of an Integrity System. Each virtual machine can be powered on or off, the guest operating system can be booted or shut down, and so forth. The hpvmconsole command connects to the virtual console of a specified machine.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 A guest administrator can now access the vmguest1 virtual console using the ssh command or telnet command on the VM Host and logging in to the vmguest1 account. hpvmstatus The hpvmstatus command displays information about the operational state and virtual hardware configuration of the virtual machines on the VM Host. Information displayed includes the following: Name of the virtual machine.
Chapter 18 vmguest1 vmguest2 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) 2 HPUX 3 HPUX On (OS) On (OS) 1 1 2 3 October 29, 2013 2 2 GB 2 2048 MB 0 0 Information about vmguest1 – for verbose (V) vmhost:/ # hpvmstatus -P vmguest1 [Virtual Machine Details] Virtual Machine Name VM # OS Type State ==================== ===== ======= ======== vmguest1 2 HPUX On (OS) [Authorized Administrators] Oper Groups: Admin Groups: Oper Users: vmguest1 Admin Users: [Virtual CPU Details] vCPUs Type Entitlement Maximum ====== ====
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) 0 8994609 3.3% 3.3% 49MHz October 29, 2013 10 seconds hpvmmodify The hpvmmodify command modifies the attributes and resources of the specified virtual machine (-P vm_name / -p vm_number). All attributes and resources can be changed statically, so that changes take effect when the virtual machine is next restarted. Some attributes and resources can also be changed dynamically.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) CPUS CPU Entitlement Memory -e percent -E cycles -r amount Boot options Group/User auth. -B start_attr -g [+|-]group:{admin|oper} -u [+|-]user:{admin|oper} October 29, 2013 required to take effect yes reboot required to take effect yes yes (*) Before removing virtual devices with the hpvmmodify command, make sure that the guest operating system is no longer directing I/O to the device. Dismount the device if it is mounted.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 the vswitch and directs its own network traffic over the card. If you alter any characteristics of a network interface associated with a running vswitch, for instance, through the ifconfig commands on the VM Host, you must stop and restart the vswitch. Otherwise, any guests using that vswitch will experience intermittent network failures. Stopping and restarting a vswitch can occur while its guests are running; no guest shutdown is required.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 Main options: Task Syntax List/Add/Delete/Modify devices -l {all|server|rdev|gdev} -a {all|server|rdev|gdev}:entry_name -d {all|server|rdev|gdev}:entry_name -m {all|server|rdev|gdev}:entry_name:attr:atti_name=a ttr_value -S size filename (size must end in M for megabyte or G for gigabyte) -n gdev:oldentry_name:newentry_name0[,newentry_name1} -I Create a file for use as a virtual device Replace a guest device Install sctl devices under the
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 the actual data and software associated with the guest. The new virtual machine’s configuration information can be modified from the original configuration file by using command options. If no options are specified, all original parameters are retained. Note that this will cause resource conflicts if both the original and clone virtual machines are booted together.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 - To migrate vmguest2 to virtual host vmhostB vmhost:/>hpvmmigrate -P vmguest2 -h vmhostB hpvmcollect The hpvmcollect command collects log files, system status, device information, system and Integrity Virtual Machines configuration, guest information, and, optionally, crash dumps. When run on a VM Host, it collects systemwide information as well as information for a specified guest.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) Number of host IPv4 Addresses IP Address October 29, 2013 : 1 : 15.180.3.215 HPVM Troubleshooting Logging: Log File /var/adm/syslog/syslog.log /var/opt/hpvm/common/hpvm_mon_log (*) /var/opt/hpvm/common/command.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 # hpvmconsole –P vMP>SL command # tail –f /var/opt/hpvm/common/hpvm_mon_log To change the size of the log file: - Use the ch_rc command to change the file size: # ch_rc –a –p VMMLOGSIZE=4096 - Kill the monitor log daemon (it respawns): # kill -HUP `cat /var/run/hpvmmonlogd.pid` (/etc/rc.config.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 To enable migration the source and destination hosts must be configured symmetrically. That is, all the network and storage resources must be configured the same on both hosts.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 Start the guest on the destination host using the hpvmstart or hpvmconsole command. Networking Configuration Considerations The source and destination hosts should be on the same subnet.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 HP recommends that you use the HP-UX Distributed System Administration Utilities (DSAU) tools to set up the SSH keys on the source and destination hosts, which is installed by default on HP-UX 11.31. The bundle name is DSAUtilities. You use the /opt/dsau/bin/csshsetup command to set up SSH keys between hosts. The csshsetup command simplifies the task of setup up SSH public-key authentication trust relationships between hosts.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 The following documents, available at Business Support Center (BCS), may be useful in extending your knowledge of VSE Management Software: VSE Management Software Quick Start Guide Getting Started with HP Integrity Essentials Global Workload Manager Getting Started with HP Integrity Essentials Capacity Advisor Getting Started with HP Integrity Virtual Machines Manager Getting Started with HP Integrity Virtual Machines white
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 Release History A.01.00 (T2767AC) First Release. This release of Integrity Virtual Machines supports the HP-UX 11i v2 May 2005 operating system for both the VM Host and the guest. A.01.20 (T2767AC) hpvmmigrate command supported by installing an additional bundle (VMMigrate) Operational problems corrected. A.02.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 o HP-UX 11.23 (May 2005 [0505] or later) o HP-UX 11.31 o Windows 2003 (Enterprise or Datacenter edition) o RedHat Linux Enterprise Edition Advanced Server Release 4 update 4. Administrators can dynamically change the size of memory allocated to the HP-UX guest. This feature includes: o Changes to the hpvmcreate, hpvmmodify, and hpvmclone commands to configure the guest.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 o Red Hat® Linux Enterprise Edition Advanced Server Release 4 update 4, update 5, and update 6. o SUSE® Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) for HP Integrity servers SLES 10 update 1. Integrity VM now includes the capability of Accelerated Virtual I/O (AVIO), which improves the performance of both storage and network access for virtual machines. AVIO is supported on HP-UX 11i v2 host and guests.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 o hpvm_api_version_get — Gets the version string of an Integrity VM server or virtual machine. o hpvm_api_my_uuid_get — Gets the uuid for this running Integrity VM server or virtual machine. o hpvm_api_server_uuid_get — Gets the uuid for the Integrity VM server of the virtual machine running this API. o hpvm_api_server_hostname_get — Gets the host name for the Integrity VM server of the virtual machine running this API.
Chapter 18 Integrity Virtual Machines (HPVM) October 29, 2013 References Integrity Virtual Machines and Virtual Partitions documentation HP Integrity Virtual Machines Installation, Configuration and Administration Top Ten Tips for Using Integrity Virtual Machines Top Ten Tips for Using Virtual Partitions Using Ignite/UX with Integrity VM (whitepaper) WTEC Integrity VM (HPVM) & vPars Home WTEC Integrity VM Known Problems Ignite UX documentation Serviceguard documentation Additional Information BCS: A Gui
