HP-UX 11i June 2001 Release Notes

Compatibility

Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs

Chapter 12 239

NOTE In most cases, your makeﬁles will continue to work without the need for

modiﬁcations.

CMA Threads Obsolescence

Background

CMA threads (libcma) is a userspace implementation of POSIX

P1003.1a (Draft 4), which was based on Concert Multi-Thread

Architecture (CMA).

Starting at HP-UX 11.0, multi-threading was also supported in the

HP-UX kernel and was known as kernel or POSIX threads

(libpthread). The POSIX threads implementation supports the

approved POSIX 1003.1c (POSIX.1-1996 Draft 10) standard, which

facilitates application portability onto POSIX-compliant vendor

platforms. POSIX threads also enable the application to parallelize the

execution of threads on multiple processors in a multi-processor system.

CMA threads (libcma) will be deprecated (advertised for future

obsolescence) at 11i and the development environment will no longer be

shipped on follow-on releases of HP-UX, including those supporting

IA-64. There is no plan to release native IA-64 CMA threads on follow-on

releases of HP-UX, including those supporting IA-64. Also see “Kernel

Threads vs. CMA Threads (new at 11i original release)” on page 162 in

Chapter 8.

Options

Applications using CMA threads have the following options:

• libcma PA applications will continue to run on follow-on releases of

HP-UX, including those supporting IA-64 via compatibility mode.

• Applications using libcma should start migrating to POSIX threads

(libpthread).

• libcma applications can maintain their existing development

environment on 11.0 to 11i in order to continue to make application

defect repairs where the libcma development environment is still

available and then deploy the application on follow-on releases of

HP-UX, including those supporting IA-64.