HP-UX 11i December 2002 Release Notes HP-UX Servers and Workstations Edition 8 Manufacturing Part Number: 5187-1841 E1202 United States © Copyright 1983-2002 Hewlett-Packard Company. All rights reserved.
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• Second Edition: June 2001, 5971-2229, (HP-UX 11i), CD-ROM (Instant Information), and Web (http://docs.hp.com) • Third Edition: September 2001, 5185-6522, (HP-UX 11i), CD-ROM (Instant Information), and Web (http://docs.hp.com) • Fourth Edition: December 2001, 5185-4304, (HP-UX 11i), CD-ROM (Instant Information), and Web (http://docs.hp.com) • Fifth Edition: March 2002, 5185-4391, (HP-UX 11i), CD-ROM (Instant Information), and Web (http://docs.hp.
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Contents 1. Finding HP-UX 11i Documentation What’s in This Chapter? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Where Do I Begin? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . What’s in This Document? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 5. Workstation/Server Specific Information What’s in This Chapter? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents GlancePlus Pak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . High Availability Monitors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HP OnLineJFS 3.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MirrorDisk/UX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents What’s in This Chapter? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cold Install Changed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ignite-UX Changed for 11i. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Impact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Possible Future Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Additional SAM Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . syslog File Logging Changes for su and login . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Process Resource Manager (PRM) Disk Bandwidth Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Other NFS Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loopback Transport Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . User-Space Thread Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NFS Server-Side Performance Enhancements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents 13. Security What’s in This Chapter? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Generic Security Services for Developing Secure Applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Symbol Clashes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Size Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Changes to libm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Linker and Object File Tools (ld, crt0.o, dld.sl, libdld.sl, chatr, and odump) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stream Orientation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Restartable APIs and the Conversion State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . How to Get MSE/Unix98 Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Contents 16
1 Finding HP-UX 11i Documentation What’s in This Chapter? This chapter helps you use these Release Notes most effectively.
Finding HP-UX 11i Documentation Where Do I Begin? Where Do I Begin? The HP-UX 11i Release Notes describes what is new, has changed, or has become obsolete for HP-UX 11i version 1.0 (B.11.11) since the initial release of HP-UX 11.0. As with other HP-UX release notes, the HP-UX 11i Release Notes does not completely document all the features of the latest 11i version 1.0 release. Instead, it contains high-level information and pointers to more detailed operating system and product-specific documentation.
Finding HP-UX 11i Documentation What’s in This Document? a. The /usr/share/doc directory contains only the original release note for 11i. For up-to-date release notes, see the Instant Information CD and http://docs.hp.com. b. If you are updating to HP-UX 11i (as opposed to cold-installing), your system must first be running either HP-UX 11.0 or 10.20. What’s in This Document? The HP-UX 11i Release Notes describes what is new, has changed, or has become obsolete with HP-UX 11i version 1.
Finding HP-UX 11i Documentation How Is Release Information Identified? How Is Release Information Identified? Throughout these Release Notes, the current release might be referred to as “HP-UX 11i as of December 2002,” “HP-UX 11i version 1.0,” “HP-UX 11i,” or just “11i.” Generally, the newest release information is listed first, followed by information about previous releases. This information is then followed, if applicable, by pointers to the most current documentation on the individual product.
Finding HP-UX 11i Documentation What’s in the Remaining Chapters? What’s in the Remaining Chapters? Here is a listing of the remaining chapters of these Release Notes: Chapter 1 • Chapter 2, “What’s New at a Glance,” provides a quick overview of the changes to HP-UX first introduced in the initial release of HP-UX 11i and in subsequent updates to the release. • Chapter 3, “HP-UX 11i Version 1.
Finding HP-UX 11i Documentation What’s in the Remaining Chapters? 22 Chapter 1
2 What’s New at a Glance What’s in This Chapter? This chapter gives you a quick overview of the changes to HP-UX first introduced in the initial release of HP-UX 11i version 1.0 and in subsequent updates to the release. Details of the changes are given in other chapters, which are cross-referenced.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the December 2002 Release? What’s New in the December 2002 Release? Chapter 4: nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems (see page 47) • Hard partitions now supported on HP rp7405. (See “Introduction” on page 48.) • Partition Manager updated to version B.11.11.01.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the December 2002 Release? Chapter 11: New and Changed Disk and File Management Features (see page 219) • Chapter 2 VERITAS VxFS 3.5 (HP OnlineJFS/JFS 3.5) available on Software Pack. (See “VERITAS VxFS 3.5 Available on Software Pack” on page 220.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the September 2002 Release? What’s New in the September 2002 Release? Chapter 5: Workstation/Server Specific Information • FireGL-UX graphics adapter card (A7789A) now supported. (See “Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i)” on page 71 and “Graphics Hardware Support” on page 86.) • IDE/ATAPI support added for optical units A8068A, A7853A, A5001A. (See “Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i)” on page 71.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the September 2002 Release? • PAM Kerberos has been updated with the pamkrb5val tool and a sample pam.conf file. (See “Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) Kerberos” on page 113.) • ServiceGuard Manager administration feature updated to version A.02.01 with minor enhancements to functionality. (See “MC/ServiceGuard” on page 128.) • TechSysConf updated with parameter and other changes. (See “Technical System Configuration (TechSysConf)” on page 133.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the June 2002 11i Release? What’s New in the June 2002 11i Release? Chapter 4: nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems (see page 47) • HP nPartitions servers now support faster PA-8700 processors on HP Superdome, rp8400, and rp7410. (See “Introduction” on page 48.) Chapter 5: Workstation/Server Specific Information (see page 63) • Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) now supports faster processors and additional I/O adapters and devices.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the June 2002 11i Release? • Netscape Communicator updated to version 4.79 (B.11.11.09). (See “Netscape Communicator” on page 112.) • Netscape Directory Server has been updated to version B.04.16. (See “Netscape Directory Server (J4258CA)” on page 152.) • Process Resource Manager updated to version C.02.00.02 to support a logging option and improvements to the prm2d memory manager. (See “Process Resource Manager (PRM)” on page 120.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the March 2002 11i Release? What’s New in the March 2002 11i Release? Chapter 4: nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems (see page 47) • HP now supports hard partitions on the HP rp7410 server (model 9000/800/rp7410). Chapter 5: Workstation/Server Specific Information (see page 63) • Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle updated to support new servers, I/O adapters, and peripherals. (See “Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i)” on page 71.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the March 2002 11i Release? Chapter 8: Installation (see page 171) • New Update-UX product now enables customers to install the update-ux script and its accompanying update-ux manpage on a 10.20 or 11.00 system. (See “New Update-UX Product” on page 175.) Chapter 15: Programming (see page 279) • Chapter 2 Support for CXperf discontinued. (See “Changes to the linker/dld Interface” on page 291.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the December 2001 11i Release? What’s New in the December 2001 11i Release? Chapter 5: Workstation/Server Specific Information (see page 63) • Additional hardware enablement. (See “Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i)” on page 71.) Chapter 6: HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications (see page 91) • The base VERITAS Volume Manager (VxVM) added as an always-installed application for all OEs.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the September 2001 11i Release? What’s New in the September 2001 11i Release? Chapter 5: Workstation/Server Specific Information (see page 63) • Additional hardware enablement. (See “Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i)” on page 71.) Chapter 6: HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications (see page 91) Chapter 2 • The base VERITAS Volume Manager (VxVM) added as a selectable application for the three commercial server OEs.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the September 2001 11i Release? 34 • HP MPI updated with version 1.7. (See “HP Message-Passing Interface (MPI)” on page 140.) • Ignite-UX updated with version 3.4 to incorporate defect fixes. (See “Ignite-UX (IUX)” on page 147.) • PCI RAID driver updated to support A400 and A500 servers. (See “Selectable Network Drivers” on page 153.) • ATM and TermIO drivers updated. (See “Selectable Network Drivers” on page 153.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the June 2001 11i Release? What’s New in the June 2001 11i Release? Chapter 4: nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems (see page 47) • Partition Manager updated to support new hardware. (See “Partition Manager (parmgr)” on page 54.) • Additional hardware enablement. Chapter 6: HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications (see page 91) • HP Apache-based Web Server updated to fix defects and enhance performance.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the Original 11i Release? What’s New in the Original 11i Release? The following list includes changes introduced after the initial release of HP-UX 11.0 as part of Extension Packs and/or ACE releases (which were subsequently incorporated into HP-UX 11i), as well as changes introduced at the initial release of HP-UX 11i. For an introduction to HP-UX 11i and an overview of its features, see Chapter 3, “HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Release Overview,” on page 41.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the Original 11i Release? Chapter 7: I/0 and Networking Cards (see page 155) • Online Addition and Replacement (OLAR) enables the adding and replacing of PCI I/O cards (adapters) while a system is running. (See “Online Addition and Replacement of I/O Adapters” on page 156.) • By eliminating driver installation and combining multiple drivers into one, the set-up or upgrade of networking and I/O products has been made easier. (See “Network Drivers” on page 157.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the Original 11i Release? • CMA threads deprecated and kernel threads implemented. (See “Kernel Threads vs. CMA Threads” on page 205.) • Amount of private data space available increased. (See “Large Private Data Space” on page 206. • The creation of unique memory windows for shared objects now allowed for 32-bit processes. (See “Memory Windows” on page 208.) • Dynamic tunables enabled. (See “Dynamic Tunables” on page 211.) • System-V IPC message queue enhanced.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the Original 11i Release? • STREAMS/UX enhanced. (See “STREAMS/UX” on page 247.) • Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) improves performance on wide-area networks and on slower speed connections. (See “Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX)” on page 248.) Chapter 13: Security (see page 251) • Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface (GSS API) introduced to provide security independent of underlying security mechanisms and communication protocols.
What’s New at a Glance What’s New in the Original 11i Release? Chapter 16: New and Changed Internationalization Features (see page 299) 40 • Improved interoperability enabled through system level support provided for the Unicode 2.1/ISO-10646 character set. (See “Unicode Character Set” on page 301.) • Improved interoperability enabled through corrected character converter mappings. (See “Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C)” on page 304.
3 HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Release Overview What’s in This Chapter? This chapter introduces you to the HP-UX 11i version 1.0 release. • What’s HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Release Overview What’s HP-UX 11i Version 1.0? What’s HP-UX 11i Version 1.0? HP-UX 11i version 1.0 provides new hardware enablement, additional software functionality, and various HP-UX applications bundled into Operating Environments. HP-UX 11i version 1.0 is the recommended next-level enterprise release for all HP-UX systems currently running HP-UX 10.x or 11.0. See the HP-UX 11i Installation and Update Guide for information on disk and memory requirements.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Release Overview The HP-UX 11i Operating Environments (OEs) The HP-UX 11i Operating Environments (OEs) new at 11i original release Beginning with HP-UX 11i version 1.0, the operating system is delivered as part of an HP-UX Operating Environment (OE), an integrated and tested software solution containing the operating system and selected applications. The following software bundles are always delivered with an Operating Environment.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Release Overview New Software Pack -- Optional HP-UX 11i Core Enhancements • HP-UX 11i Enterprise OE Contains the HP-UX 11i OE and additional applications to enable an enterprise-level server. Products include OnLineJFS 3.3, GlancePlus, MirrorDisk/UX, and other applications.* • HP-UX 11i Mission Critical OE Contains both the HP-UX 11i OE and the HP-UX 11i Enterprise OE plus applications to enable a mission-critical server, such as MC/ServiceGuard and HP-UX Workload Manager.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Release Overview New Software Pack -- Optional HP-UX 11i Core Enhancements updated for December 2002 The December 2002 Software Pack includes VERITAS VxFS 3.5 (HP OnlineJFS/JFS 3.5). For further information, see “VERITAS VxFS 3.5 Available on Software Pack” on page 220. updated for June 2002 The June 2002 Software Pack includes Interrupt Migration. For further information, see “Interrupt Migration Available on Software Pack” on page 184.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.
4 nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems What’s in This Chapter? This chapter describes changes to Hewlett-Packard’s new high-performance HP-UX server environments.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Introduction Introduction Hewlett-Packard’s new nPartition (hard partition) servers provide highly configurable, high-performance HP-UX system environments. updated for December 2002 In addition to the servers listed below, HP now supports hard partitions on the HP rp7405 server (model 9000/800/rp7410). The HP rp7405 server is a pre-configured version of the HP rp7410 model.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Superdome Systems at HP-UX 11i Superdome Systems at HP-UX 11i new at 11i original release Superdome models differ with regard to the characteristics shown in Table 2-1.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Machine Identifier Machine Identifier updated for June 2001 The uname -i command on your nPartition systems may not return a unique value for each system. To guarantee compatibility on current and future platforms, use the new interfaces to getconf (1) and confstr (3C) to retrieve unique machine identifiers.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Hard Partition Hardware Path Format Hard Partition Hardware Path Format new at 11i original release The HP-UX command ioscan reports the hardware paths for components within the partition in which the command is issued. (Note that the ioscan command reports information only for the currently active hardware components in the local partition. It does not report details for hardware not assigned to the local partition.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New and Modified Hard Partition Commands New and Modified Hard Partition Commands new at 11i original release Several system administration commands are provided with HP-UX 11i for creating and maintaining partitions on all nPartition systems. Additionally, the existing commands shutdown, reboot, and setboot have been modified to support nPartition platforms.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New and Modified Hard Partition Commands In order to approximate the traditional behavior of setboot, the user input for the Autoboot and Autosearch flags is internally mapped to the right combination to achieve the desired behavior. This mapping should be transparent to the user of setboot, but it might not be so apparent to those accessing the firmware using other means.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Partition Manager (parmgr) Partition Manager (parmgr) new at 11i original release A new system administration tool, Partition Manager (parmgr), supports the initial and ongoing configuration of systems that support hard partitions, (such as Superdome systems), and also provides extensive information about the status of a Superdome complex.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Partition Manager (parmgr) • Partition Manager is able to detect the presence of vPars, if installed in a hardware partition. • On a system with vPars installed, Partition Manager can now show limited information about I/O cards and I/O slots that belong to virtual partitions other than the one on which parmgr is running. Refer to the notes from release B.11.11.01.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Partition Manager (parmgr) System Requirements Partition Manager requires HP-UX Release 11i. Partition Manager B.11.11.01.01 depends on the following additional products: Table 4-4 Partition Manager Dependencies Product Notes PHCO_23510 libfab.1 library patch [no longer needed with version B.11.11.01.03 (December 2001)] Included with the installation media. OBAM B.11.00.05.2.06 Object Action Manager user interface Delivered with HP-UX 11i. SystemAdmin B.11.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Partition Manager (parmgr) • Partition Manager is now able to work around certain errors that used to be fatal (for example, a cell reports a fatal firmware error). Warning messages are displayed, but you can choose to continue despite the error. • A Show Details button was added to the Delete Partition dialog, allowing you to review, save, or print the partition details prior to deletion.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems Service Processor (GSP or MP) Service Processor (GSP or MP) Each of HP’s nPartition servers include a service processor that provides server-wide status, maintenance, and console interfaces. NOTE The service processor in HP servers is sometimes called the Management Processor (MP) and sometimes the Guardian Service Processor (GSP).
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems hd_fabric Driver hd_fabric Driver new at 11i original release Although the HP-UX 11i install kernel does not include a /stand/system entry for the new 11i driver, hd_fabric, an entry is added to the system file as part of the installation process on nPartition systems. When the /usr/sbin/mk_kernel command builds a kernel, the hd_fabric driver is then built into the HP-UX kernel. This only affects nPartition systems.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New Attention Indicator Behavior New Attention Indicator Behavior updated for September 2001 The fruled command and Partition Manager now blink the attention indicators (LEDs) on HP Superdome cells and I/O chassis rather than illuminating them in a steady-on state, as was the case with the original 11i release. Likewise, on HP rp7410 and rp8400 servers, the fruled command and Partition Manager behaviors are to blink cell attention indicators.
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New Attention Indicator Behavior However, it wasn’t until the HP-UX 11i June 2001 release that SAM and Partition Manager started to blink PCI slot attention indicators during tasks involving PCI cards or card slots. As a result, sites that have HP Superdome servers running both the original HP-UX 11i release and the HP-UX 11i June 2001 (or later) release can have attention indicators at different states (steady-on and blinking).
nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems New Attention Indicator Behavior 62 Chapter 4
5 Workstation/Server Specific Information What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: • Supported Systems (see page 64) — Table 5-1: “Servers” (see page 64) — Table 5-2: “D-Class Support for 11i 64-bit” (see page 65) — Table 5-3: “Workstations” (see page 66) • Firmware Requirements (see page 67) — Table 5-4: “Minimum Firmware Versions for HP-UX 11i” (see page 67) — Table 5-5: “Older Workstation Firmware Requirements” (see page 67) — Table 5-6: “Minimum Firmware Versions for OL* Sup
Workstation/Server Specific Information Supported Systems Supported Systems updated for September 2001 HP-UX 11i continues to support both a 32-bit and 64-bit version of the HP-UX kernel. NOTE The information in the following tables is subject to change. For the most up-to-date data, refer to http://devresource.hp.com/STK/hpux_faq.html. Table 5-1 Servers The tables below outline the supported HP-UX 11i configurations for HP servers and workstations.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Supported Systems Table 5-1 Servers (Continued) 32-bit Support Bezel or Model 64-bit Support Comments rp2470 Yes PA-8700 processors; HP-UX model string: A500-6X or A500-7Xa rp5400 Yes PA-8500 and PA-8600 processors; HP-UX model string: L1000-36, -44, -5Xa rp5430 Yes PA-8700 processors; HP-UX model string: L1500-5X, -6X, -7X, or -8Xa rp5450 Yes PA-8500 and PA-8600 processors; HP-UX model string: L2000-36, -44, -5Xa rp5470 Yes PA-8700 processors; HP-
Workstation/Server Specific Information Supported Systems Table 5-2 D-Class Support for 11i 64-bit (Continued) Model CPU Speed (MHz) 32/64 bit Minimum Firmware Revision D280/380 PA8000 180 Both 38.27 or later D390 PA8200 240 Both 38.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Firmware Requirements Firmware Requirements IMPORTANT The information in the following tables represents minimum firmware requirements. HP strongly recommends that you update your system firmware with the latest patches available at the following website: http://docs.hp.com/hpux/onlinedocs/hw/firmware/System_Firmware_Matrix2.7 .
Workstation/Server Specific Information Firmware Requirements Table 5-5 Older Workstation Firmware Requirements (Continued) Model or Bezel B[12]000, C3X00, Firmware Version 32/64 bit Tape Patch Namea 5.0 64-bit PF_CBCJ0050 C160L 5.8 32-bit PF_CB1X0058 C160, C180 6.1 32 and 64-bit PF_CC2X0061 C200, C240 6.3 32 and 64-bit PF_CC2X0063 J280, J282 2.5 (updated) 32 and 64-bit PF_CJ28X025 J[567]X00b a. Tape patches are available at http://itrc.hp.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Firmware Requirements IMPORTANT OL* functionality is only supported on HP-UX 11i for servers and PCI I/O adapters meeting the OLA/R support requirements. The following patches are required to support OLA/R with SCSI Ultra160 adapters on HP-UX 11i servers: • PHCO_25831 • PHKL_25712 (or later) For more information on SCSI OLA/R restrictions, see the following web page: http://www.techsolutions.hp.com/scsi/scsi_olar.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Firmware Requirements b. Added support for CPU product numbers A6152B and A6805B. c. Added support 875 MHz PA-8700 3.0 and 3.1 processors. d. Boot over Ultra160 SCSI is now supported. IMPORTANT To find the latest information on system firmware for PCI I/O cards and HP-UX boot device support, check the following web page: http://software.hp.com/SUPPORT_PLUS/info.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) The HWE Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) delivers support for new and future SPU, I/O, and mass-storage products. This bundle is labeled as required, ignited on all systems in manufacturing, and automatically loaded as part of any OE update. It is included on the 11i OE media and on the Support Plus CD.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) Table 5-9 Product Number updated for June 2002 Supported Optical Units (Continued) HP Part Number Product Description Platform Requirements A7853A D4398-60083 CD-RW Drive BXX00, C3XX0, J5X00 A8068A D4388-60018 DVD-ROM Drive BXX00, C3XX0, J5X00 A8069A A7231-64005 Slim DVD-ROM Drive J6X00 • Enabled 3D graphics support for A7789A graphics adapter.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Hardware Enablement Patch Bundle (HWEnable11i) • Added support for peripherals: — — — — updated for December 2001 • Added support for servers: — — — — — — — — • A6188A VA7100 Disk Array A6189A VA7405 Disk Array A6189B (2Gb-FC) VA7405 Array A6218A (2Gb-FC) VA7410 Array rp2400 rp2450 rp5400 rp5430 rp5450 rp5470 rp7400 rp8400 (model string: 9000/800/A400-6X) (model string: 9000/800/A500-6X or 9000/800/A500-7X) (model string: 9000/800/L1000) (model string: 9000/80
Workstation/Server Specific Information HP-UX V-Class Changes HP-UX V-Class Changes Single-Bit Memory Error Handling Enhancement new at 11i original release Single-bit memory errors are now handled exclusively by memlogd. This allows the system to remove lockable pages that experience repeated single-bit memory errors. At boot time, the system uses the Page Deallocation Table to remove these pages dynamically from the kernel’s list of free pages.
Workstation/Server Specific Information SCSI Drivers scsi3 and c720 SCSI Drivers scsi3 and c720 updated for September 2001 The table below lists information about the SCSI Host Bus Adapters (HBAs) that the scsi3 and c720 SCSI drivers support for HP-UX 11i. Both the scsi3 and c720 drivers are included in the base 11i Operating Environment. For the most recent information about the SCSI HBAs, you should periodically check the SCSI HBA information at the HP IT Resource Center (ITRC), at http://itrc.hp.com.
Workstation/Server Specific Information SCSI Drivers scsi3 and c720 Table 5-10 SCSI HBA A5159A (dual channel) Supported HBAs for HP-UX 11i (Continued) Bus Type PCI Technology FWD SCSI-3 (HVD) Supported HP-UX Systems A-, L-, and N-Class, rp24xx, rp54xx, rp7400, rp7410, rp8400, and Superdome servers a. A3644A was obsoleted February 1, 2001.
Workstation/Server Specific Information SCSI Driver c8xx SCSI Driver c8xx new for March 2002 The c8xx driver is being updated to support two new SCSI PCI Ultra160 Host Bus Adapters (HBAs) that are available beginning in March 2002. The driver is included in the March 2002 HWEnable11i bundle, which is available on the March 2002 11i OE media and on the Support Plus CD. Four patches (PHKL_25712, PHCO_25831, PHKL_24854, and PHKL_25218) are required for the c8xx driver.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Service Processor (GSP or MP) Service Processor (GSP or MP) NOTE The service processor in HP servers is sometimes called the Management Processor (MP) and sometimes the Guardian Service Processor (GSP). Regardless of the name, the service processor in these servers provides approximately the same features and performs essentially the same role. Throughout this document the term “service processor” refers to both the MP and GSP service processors.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Service Processor (GSP or MP) GSP Logging Capabilities The introduction of GSP to the above platforms dramatically changes the way chassis operations and diagnostic evaluations are performed on a running system. The new subsystem requires HP-UX to provide more information than was provided on previous platforms. HP-UX will continue to output the same chassis-codes and forward-progress indicators that have been provided in previous releases.
Workstation/Server Specific Information N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality This section describes 11i functionality to enable HP N4000 and rp7400 mid-range servers.
Workstation/Server Specific Information N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality Impact on Legacy Systems Legacy system users will see minimal impact in their applications or system administration tools due to the changes in the platform infrastructure. Although the configuration files on 64-bit systems (for example, /stand/system and master.
Workstation/Server Specific Information N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality * sapic * sba PAT PSM This software module interacts with N-Class and rp7400 firmware to discover and keep track of the CEC components configured on the N4000 and rp7400. The PAT PSM also provides access to platform-specific hardware components at runtime. Although it may be included and linked into all 64-bit kernels, the PAT PSM is useful only to N4000 and rp7500 systems. As of HP-UX 11.
Workstation/Server Specific Information N4000 and rp7400 Server Functionality On N4000 and rp7400 systems, the firmware programs only the boot and console devices. The PCI CDIO programs the remaining devices, using information provided by firmware to the operating system (PAT PSM gets this for PCI). The N4000 and rp7400 disassociates interrupt routing/handling from the platform-specific bus adapter.
Workstation/Server Specific Information ttytype Support for the N4000 and rp7400 Console ttytype Support for the N4000 and rp7400 Console new at 11i original release Although the ttytype command has been enhanced to support the N4000 and rp7400 console, there are no user-visible changes in the behavior of the command. However, a new ioctl()call has been added to the command to query the Guardian Service Processor (GSP) console driver for the TERM identity.
Workstation/Server Specific Information New stty Options New stty Options new at 11i original release Two new options have been added to the stty command to support the console on the following systems: • • • • • • N4000 all L-Class all N-Class rp2400, rp2450 rp5400, rp5430, rp5450, rp5470 rp7400 +queryGSP queries the status of the GSP (Guardian Service Processor) +resetGSP resets the GSP of the console Typically, you might use +queryGSP if you are getting no response at the console or +resetGSP if
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations Workstations Workstation Graphics Support Graphics Software Support HP’s Graphics and Technical Computing bundle includes OpenGL, Starbase, HP PEXlib, and HP-PHIGS 3D APIs. HP’s workstation graphics software support includes the run-time and programming environment packages for the 3D graphics APIs named above, plus additional software for technical computing environments.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations HP VISUALIZE-fxe is supported on these systems: • B180L (2D X libraries only; 3D supported only via VMX/VMD) • B1000, B2000 • C3000, C3600 • J5000, J5600, J6000, J7000 HP VISUALIZE-fxe is not supported on the C360 workstation. For a complete list of supported systems and graphics combinations on HP-UX 11i, consult http://www.hp.com/workstations. NOTE For workstation firmware requirements, see “Workstation Firmware Updates” on page 70.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations The 64-bit versions of these parameter sets configure the kernel to use the increased process data space. The CAE/ME/General Engineering Workstation sets are for general workstation use, which includes running typical MDA applications. The EE Engineering Workstation sets are for compute-intensive applications that do not perform large amounts of disk I/O. Many EDA applications fall into this category.
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations fs_async vps_ceiling dbc_max_pct dbc_min_pct 1 64 15 15 EE Engineering Workstation 32-bit Kernel Parameter Defaults maxusers maxfiles maxfiles_lim maxdsiz maxtsiz maxssiz shmmax ninode maxuprc npty nstrpty maxswapchunks create_fastlinks fs_async vps_ceiling dbc_max_pct dbc_min_pct 128 200 2048 0x7b03a000 0x40000000 0x04FB3000 0x40000000 4000 256 200 200 4096 1 1 64 15 15 X Window System (X11 R6) Run-Time Libraries on Workstations The HP-UX 11i provide
Workstation/Server Specific Information Workstations 90 Chapter 5
6 HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications What’s in This Chapter? This chapter describes the new and updated applications available in each of the five Operating Environments. Always-installed applications are covered first, followed by selectable applications. • The HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications The HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environments The HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environments new at 11i original release The HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environments each consist of the HP-UX operating system and a set of applications and drivers that are “always installed” through various bundles, as well as a collection of additional applications and drivers that you can selectively install.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications The HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications The HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications The HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications The HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environments The following applications are selectable and not automatically installed with the Operating Environments.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment HP-UX 11i Operating Environment new at 11i original release The HP-UX 11i Operating Environment is the standard OE from which the Enterprise OE and Mission Critical OE have been derived by adding appropriate applications.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Table 6-3 I/O Driver Bundle Always-Installed I/O Drivers on 11i OE Mediaa Description Supported I/O Adapter Cards FibrChanl-00 PCI FibreChannel HSC FibreChannel A5158A, A6795A A6684A, A6685A GigEther-00 PCI GigEther HSC GigEther A4926A, A4929A A4924A, A4925A GigEther-01 PCI GigEther A6794A, A6825A, A6847A IEther-00 PCI IEther A6974A RAID-00 PCI RAID A5856A a.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment During upgrades from previous OEUR or AR releases, the previous HPvxvm and HPvmsa products will be replaced by the above new products. Previous ELM licensing keys will still work with the new SIG licensing package (that is, if a customer has installed the VxVM full product on their December 2001 system and then upgrades to 3.5, they will not need to get new license keys to get the same full functionality). With VxVM 3.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment The VERITAS Volume Manager 3.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment • Support is now enabled for printer drive uploading from a Windows NT client. • Support is now enabled for Primary Domain Controller (PDC) functionality. • High Availability (HA) templates have been enhanced to make it easier to create HA configurations that have many nodes. • The way CIFS/9000 uses HP-UX system resources has changed.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment • • • NOTE CIFS/9000 Server Release Note Version A.01.08 (B8725-90020) CIFS/9000 Client Release Note Version A.01.06 (B8724-90012) CIFS/9000 Client Release Note Version A.01.07 (B8724-90013) The CIFS/9000 documentation files require 2MB of disk space. Event Monitoring Service (EMS) Event Monitoring Service (EMS) version A.03.20.01 is a framework used to monitor various system resources.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment HP Apache-based Web Server for HP-UX The HP Apache-based Web Server for HP-UX is an HTTP/1.1 compliant server that implements the latest protocols. The server includes software developed by the Apache Software Foundation for use in the Apache HTTP server project (see http://www.apache.org). The HP Apache-based Web Server can be customized by writing software modules using the Apache module API.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment • auth_ldap 1.6 has been added as the connector between Apache and an LDAP directory server module, allowing Apache to authenticate HTTP clients by using entries in an LDAP directory. auth_ldap supports iPlanet (Netscape) Directory Server and OpenLDAP Server, and can be configured to use the stunnel program for secure SSL queries to the LDAP server. • The following utilities have been added to HP Apache 1.3.26.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment • • • • Webmin 0.980 OpenSSL 0.9.6c mod_ssl 2.8.9 BSAFE Crypto-C 5.2 In addition to the mod_jserv servlet connector found in previous versions of HP Apache, mod_jk v.1.2.0 is the servlet connector to Tomcat, and can use either the original ajpv12 protocol or the newer ajpv13 protocol. Enhanced documentation includes FAQs, iPlanet to HP Apache Migration Guide, and HP Apache 1.3.x to 2.x Migration Guide.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment the pk12util functionality, certmig lists and extracts certificates from iPlanet certificate databases. updated for June 2001 The following new features are included in this version: • mod_perl is configured for Perl 5.005_03. • Tomcat v.3.1.1 compliant with Java Servlets 2.2 and JavaServer Pages 1.1 and contains defect fixes. • PHPv.4.0.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Otherwise, the previous binary will continue running, preventing the new one from starting on port 80. NOTE By default, swinstall does not reinstall filesets if the same revision already exists on your system. If you want to reinstall the same revision (for example, if some files are lost), you can change the installation options by choosing Options/Change Option.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment For the latest information on the HP Apache-based Web Server, including documentation, Migration Guides, and FAQs, go to the Web at http://www.hp.com/go/webservers. HP-UX Runtime Environment for the Java 2 Platform updated for March 2002 Both version 1.2 and version 1.3 will be installed. (See the following documentation section for the location of further information.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment • The following new hardware is now supported: — — — — updated for December 2001 10/100 BT PCI Single Port LAN Card A8068A: HLDS GDR-8161B ATAPI CD-RW Drive A7853A: LITE-ON LTR-48126S ATAPI CD-RW Drive A8070A: TEAC DW224E-B ATAPI DVD-ROM/CD-RW Combo (slim) • SMART support has been added for new and legacy HDD drives. • The existing Firmware Update tool has been enhanced.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment For changes since the initial release of HP-UX 11i, see the March 2001, June 2001, December 2001, March 2002, June 2002, September 2002, or December 2002 documents at the following URLs: For EMS Release Notes, see http://docs.hp.com/hpux/onlinedocs/diag/ems/ems_rel.htm For STM Release Notes, see http://docs.hp.com/hpux/onlinedocs/diag/stm/stm_rel.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Compatibility The following table shows the location of the libraries that are provided with the Judy technology on the HP-UX system: Table 6-4 Hardware Architecture HP-PA 1.1 (32-bit only) HP-PA 2.0 NOTE Locations of Judy Libraries Location on system (from root) Type 32-bit 64-bit archive /usr/lib/libJudy.a N/A shared /usr/lib/libJudy.sl N/A archive none /usr/lib/pa20_64/libJudy.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Partition Manager See “Partition Manager (parmgr)” on page 54 in Chapter 4, “nPartition (Hard Partition) Systems.” Perl Programming Language new for September 2001 Included as of the September 2001 release, Perl programming language version 5.6.1 is a release of ActivePerl, a product of ActiveState Tool Corporation.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment The HP-UX applications using PAM include telnet, login, remsh, ftp, rexec, rlogin, dtlogin, and rcp. PAM Kerberos interoperates with a Key Distribution Center (KDC) operating on either a UNIX or a Microsoft Windows 2000 server. The PAM Kerberos module is compliant with IETF RFC 1510 and Open Group RFC 86.0. PAM Kerberos is also available under the product number J5849AA on the Applications Software CD.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment • New for September 2002 is the manpage for pamkrbval. • The white paper, Network Security Features of HP-UX 11i, is available at http://www.unix.hp.com/operating/hpux11i/infolibrary/. • The PAM Kerberos Release Notes for HP-UX 11i is available at http://docs.hp.com.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment — HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment — Linux, Debian 2.2 and Red Hat 6.2 • PC Web Access to Central Management Server — Microsoft Windows 95, 98, and NT 4.0 Note that the Java Plug-in, required software for a PC Web Client, does not support Windows 2000. updated for September 2001 new at 11i original release Servicecontrol Manager version A.02.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Operating Environment Software Distributor See “Software Distributor (SD-UX)” on page 176 in Chapter 8, “Installation.” Update-UX See “Update-UX” on page 175 in Chapter 8, “Installation.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE) HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE) new at 11i original release The HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE) provides a superset of the features available in the HP-UX 11i Operating Environment described in “HP-UX 11i Operating Environment” on page 98.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE) http://ovweb.external.hp.com/lpe/doc_serv/ High Availability Monitors The High Availability (HA) Monitors version A.03.20.01 product includes database monitors, disk monitors, and Management Information Base (MIB) monitors that can be used to set up notifications of changes in status for the important objects in a high availability cluster environment. High Availability Monitors A.03.20.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE) Documentation See “New Version of Journaled File System (JFS)” on page 221 for information about new features in JFS 3.3. For more information on JFS 3.3 and OnLineJFS 3.3, see the following books: • HP JFS 3.3 and HP OnLineJFS 3.3 VERITAS File System 3.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE) NOTE Process Resource Manager and HP-UX Workload Manager both make use of the PRM API. Consequently, only one of the products should be used at a time. (See also “HP-UX Workload Manager” on page 124.) updated for June 2002 HP PRM version C.02.00.02 provides the following: updated for September 2001 • The xprm command has a logging option, -l, that creates the file xprm.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Enterprise Operating Environment (EOE) • CAP value is treated as a hard limit to the group’s memory usage. Previously, it was a soft limit that could be crossed. • prm2d in-kernel memory manager is the default for HP-UX 11i. If you prefer to use the previous manager (prm0d), follow the steps below: 1. As root, go to the PRM install directory: # cd /opt/prm/bin/ 2. Make a backup of prm2d: # mv prm2d prm2d.original 3.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) new at 11i original release The HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) is a high-availability Operating Environment for HP servers.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) Impact The Enterprise Cluster Master Toolkit does not provide Native Language Support. However, separate Japanese language versions of the Toolkit’s documentation are available as a part of product B5139DA with option ABJ. Installation Requirements The disk space requirement is 1.2MB.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) • • Expanded field length for PRM group names in PRM’s monitoring utilities (30-character field was formerly 14-character field) In-kernel memory management This version of HP-UX WLM does not take advantage of PRM’s hierarchical groups. Installation Requirements updated for June 2002 HP-UX WLM requires 11MB of disk space (91 if PRM is not already installed) and 5MB of memory.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) NOTE Earlier, separate versions of the WLM Oracle Database Toolkit are described in the following section, “HP-UX Workload Manager Oracle Database Toolkit” on page 127. SASTK WLM SAS Toolkit (SASTK) provides enhancements to DMTK specifically for SAS users.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) • Increases an instance’s available CPU when more than n users are connected • Increases an instance’s available CPU when a particular job is active • Gives an instance n percent of the CPU for each process in the instance (This feature is available only with HP-UX WLM version A.01.02 and later.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) updated for September 2002 updated for June 2002 updated for March 2002 The ServiceGuard Manager administration feature has been updated to version A.02.01 with the following minor enhancements to functionality: • SNMP high-availability messages can be received from HP-UX ServiceGuard clusters. • ServiceGuard Manager log files are more manageable. • VLAN information can be seen.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) new at 11i original release Version A.11.09 of MC/ServiceGuard is for use with HP-UX 11.0 and HP-UX 11i, and has all the features found in earlier versions in addition to new functionality, defect repairs, and support for new hardware configurations. Auto-port aggregation is fully supported with 100BaseT network interface cards. The contents of MC/ServiceGuard releases A.11.01 through A.11.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Mission Critical Operating Environment (MCOE) updated for December 2001 updated for September 2001 • MC/ServiceGuard NFS Toolkit versions A.11.00.05 and A.11.11.02 are major releases. Both of these versions have dependencies on MC/SG A.11.13 that provide the integrated solution for multiple MC/ServiceGuard partner software working together under the new MC/SG framework.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical Operating Environment (MTOE) HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical Operating Environment (MTOE) new for June 2001 New for June 2001, the Minimal Technical Operating Environment (MTOE) is the smallest and most fundamental OE that is defined specifically for HP workstations. It exists to offer an HP-UX 11i solution to the customer who is interested in a low-cost HP Workstation and a correspondingly basic Operating Environment.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical Operating Environment (MTOE) If you have an older PA-RISC workstation and need local 3D graphics support, HP recommends that you not update to the September 2002 release (or later) of the Technical Computing (TCOE) or Minimal Computing (MCOE) Operating Environments. The previous releases of HP-UX 11i contain 3D graphics code that will execute on any PA-RISC microprocessor.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical Operating Environment (MTOE) • TC-SysSetup (version b.11.00.01.xx) Alters kernel configurable parameters, assigning values that are proven to increase performance in technical environments. (See Table 6-5 for actual values.) Alters selected system configuration files to ease NFS, AutoFS, and NIS+ configuration. Makes other system changes to correct minor nuisances and oversights. • TC-OpenSource (version b.11.00.01.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical Operating Environment (MTOE) Kernel Configurable Parameters The following table lists the kernel parameters that are changed by installing the TechSysConf bundle. Existing parameter values are tested and are not changed if the new value would be less than the current value.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Minimal Technical Operating Environment (MTOE) Table 6-5 Kernel Parameters Changed by TechSysConf Parameter Parameter Parameter Parameter Valuea <256MB Valuea <1024MB Valuea >=1024MB vps_ceiling Ignoredb 64 64 vx_fancyra_enable Ignoredb 1 1 vx_ncsize Ignoredb 8000 8000 vxfs_max_ra_kbytes Ignoredb 1024 1024 vxfs_ra_per_disk Ignoredb 1024 1024 a.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) new at 11i original release Like the Minimal Technical Operating Environment, the Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) contains all the base functionality that is common to the other four OEs, including the base 32/64-bit HP-UX Operating System, network drivers, and other always-installed functionality.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) NOTE For the December 2002 HP-UX 11i release, HP MLIB has been temporarily removed from the TCOE media. For further information and instructions for loading MLIB separately, see the December 2002 edition of the HP-UX 11i Installation and Update Guide. updated for September 2002 New features for version B.08.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) This version simplifies sparse solver interface use and improves its performance. Version 4.0 of the METIS reordering technology has been incorporated. You can now use the C or C++ compiler to link applications built with MLIB. (Previous to this release, you were required to link using the Fortran compiler when using VECLIB or LAPACK.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) updated for June 2002 • Function parameter error checking is now turned off by default • HyperMessaging Protocol (HMP) is pre-enabled for Itanium-based platforms New features of HP MPI version 1.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) • Support for shared libraries. When a library is shared, programs using it contain only references to library routines, as opposed to archive libraries, which must be linked into every program using them. The same copy of the shared library is referenced by each executable using it. An advantage of shared libraries is that when the library is updated (e.g.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) new at 11i original release • A new error checking flag (-ck) in the mpirun utility. The new error checking flag (-ck) allows you to check appfile set-up, host machine and program availability, and file permissions without creating MPI processes. • The mpirun utility no longer makes assumptions about how long it will take before a process calls MPI_Init.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications HP-UX 11i Technical Computing Operating Environment (TCOE) Documentation Online help was enhanced at HP Visualize Conference version 1.3 to cover how to utilize NetMeeting 3 functionality: • • • 144 TrueColor Application Sharing NetMeeting 3 Application Sharing and Control Microsoft variant of the T.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications Selectable Applications The following applications are selectable and not automatically installed with the 11i Operating Environments. Table 6-2 on page 97 lists which applications are available for each Operating Environment.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications • New certificate generation and management tools: Accommodates a pure Java implementation of SSL for the administrative GUI. Documentation The following documents are available in the “Internet and Security Solutions” neighborhood at http://docs.hp.com/hpux/internet: • HP Intrusion Detection System/9000 Release 2.1 Release Notes (product no.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications — http://techsolutions.hp.com/ipfilter/ipfilter_homex.html — http://software.hp.com — http://docs.hp.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications • Secondary swap space on a two-disk system will reside only on disk two for better performance. For more information on these changes, including how to use Ignite-UX to maintain earlier file system settings for these parameters, refer to the Ignite-UX Release Notes for B.3.7, which can be found in /opt/ignite/doc/release_note and at the web site http://software.hp.com/products/IUX.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications updated for September 2001 • The make_bundles command was incorrectly putting the entire product into bundles created when only a list of filesets on the command line were given. This ended up causing clients added for recovery from the ignite GUI to have the entire Ignite-UX product loaded instead of the subset needed for make_net_recovery as intended.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications updated for June 2001 150 • A manual page for the fix_patches command has been included for the first time. See the fix_patches (1M) manpage for more information. • The B version of Ignite-UX no longer supports installing or recovering disk devices connected to the older PCI Tachyon (A3740A) fibre channel cards. This has been the case since the B.3.0 release. The following changes are included in Ignite-UX version B.3.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications • All options of make_bundles other than -f, will generate content lines with productlevel instead of fileset-level detail. This is a fix for duplicate entries in the bundle contents due to a product having both 32-bit and 64-bit filesets for 11.x and beyond. The -f option now lists the fa=* attribute in the bundle contents.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications Installation Requirements Since it is intended for large, server-side Java applications, JAVAOOB is recommended only for systems with at least 512 Mb of physical memory (and not for systems used solely as desktops.) Documentation For further information, see the Java web pages at http://www.hp.com/go/java and the release notes that are part of the product.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications Selectable Applications Impact You must purchase Extranet Client Access Licenses to use the Netscape Directory Server for HP-UX if the directory contains any entries for Extranet Users. An Extranet User is an entry in the Netscape Directory that represents a person that is neither an employee nor a full-time independent contractor of the company to which the Netscape Server is licensed. Contact your HP sales representative to purchase licenses.
HP-UX 11i Version 1.
7 I/0 and Networking Cards What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: • Online Addition and Replacement of I/O Adapters (see page 156) • Network Drivers (see page 157) — New Network Driver btlan Always-Installed (see page 157) — Always-Installed Drivers for Networking, I/O, and Mass Storage Cards (see page 158) — Combining Pre-HP-UX 11i Configuration Files (see page 160) — HSC and PCI 1000Base-SX/T (Gigabit Ethernet) (see page 163) — Fibre Channel Tachlite Driver (see page 164) —
I/0 and Networking Cards Online Addition and Replacement of I/O Adapters Online Addition and Replacement of I/O Adapters new at 11i original release Online Addition and Replacement (OLAR) is a new HP-UX software feature that allows for adding and replacing PCI I/O cards (adapters) while a system is running, eliminating the need to reboot. This feature enhances overall high-availability since the system can remain active while an I/O adapter is being added or replaced.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers Network Drivers New Network Driver btlan Always-Installed new at 11i original release The networking driver for HP-UX 11i has been simplified and is now easier to install and upgrade. The PCI and HSC-based Fast Ethernet network and I/O cards supported by drivers btlan, btlan3, btlan4, btlan5 and btlan6 have been combined into a single driver called btlan. This new driver is always-installed as part of the kernel.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers • lanscan/lanadmin support libraries/catalog files now have names to reflect btlan such as libdsbtlan.a, dsbtlan.cat, etc. • master file • init scripts/conf file • The init script will be hpbtlan and the configuration file will be called hpbtlanconf. • The configuration files under /etc/rc.config.d/ will be replaced by hpbtlanconf. When a cold install is performed, this file will be installed for all btlan driver claimed cards.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers Table 7-1 Card Number Always-Installed Networking, I/O, and Mass Storage Card Driversab (Continued) Description Driver A5856A PCI RAID 4Si controller iop_drv A6684A HSC Tachlite Fibre Channel card td fcp fcparray A6685A HSC Tachlite Fibre Channel card td fcp fcparray A6794A 1000Base-T/SCSI card for rp7410 server igelan A6795A PCI Tachyon XL2 Fibre Channel card fcT1 fcp fcT1_cntl td fcparray A6825A PCI 1000/Base-T (gigabit over copper) card igela
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers b. For selectable network drivers, see “Selectable Network Drivers” on page 153. For the most current updates, go to http://docs.hp.com/hpux/netcom/index.html. Where to Get More Fast Ethernet Information For customers with support contracts, further help with solving common Fast Ethernet networking problems is available at the HP IT Resource Center at http://www.itrc.hp.com/.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers Note that the BTLAN.100 script will only merge the driver-specific configuration files if the corresponding hardware is present on the system, and if the files have at least one LAN interface configured. (For example, if the system had the HSC-based Fast Ethernet networking driver [btlan4] and corresponding hardware [HSC cards], then the hpgsc100conf configuration file should have at least one card configured in it.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers # HP_BTLAN_STATION_ADDRESS Station address of interface # HP_BTLAN_SPEED Speed and duplex mode # # The interface name, major number, card instance and ppa may be # obtained from the lanscan (1m) command. # The station address and speed are set through the lanadmin command.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers However, if the SPEED parameter does not exist, and the DUPLEX parameter has been set and its value (lowercase or uppercase) is FULL or HALF, copy the value to HP_BTLAN_SPEED parameter. If neither the SPEED nor DUPLEX parameter values have not been set, do not put any value for the HP_BTLAN_SPEED parameter. 5. If the hpbtlanconf configuration file already exists (as /etc/rc.config.d/hpbtlanconf), copy it to /etc/rc.config.d/hplanconf.obsolete. 6.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers Documentation For detailed information on advanced features and troubleshooting of the Gigabit Ethernet products, see Using PCI 1000Base-T and HSC/PCI 1000Base-SX (Gigabit Ethernet) available on the Instant Information CD or under “Networking and Communications” at http://docs.hp.com.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers • HP has created a new Fibre Channel Storage Network Industry Association (SNIA) Host Bus Adapter (HBA) Application Programming Interface (API). The SNIA HBA API is a C library interface that provides both a common HBA API library for all HP-UX HBA vendors and a vendor-specific API library for HP’s Tachyon/Tachlite Fibre Channel adapters. The API software is part of the driver and is installed at the same time.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers For a current list of driver versions, go to the ITRC web site, http://itrc.hp.com. Click navigate knowledge trees and response center FAQs. After logging in (if necessary), scroll to the Hardware area and navigate the links to networks/mass storage connectivity/fibre channel/technical support. Once you are on the Fibre Channel page, select the Tachlite driver table in the “at a glance” box.
I/0 and Networking Cards Network Drivers — There is an option now in Ignite-UX called “Configure A5856A” which brings up the configuration tool called IRM that helps in configuring logical drives. • OLA/R (new feature) — Ability to perform Online Addition/Replacement of the RAID controller. — The customer can do an OLA/R of the RAID controller using SAM or the rad command. • New firmware revision (U.01.
I/0 and Networking Cards EISA Interface Cards Are Not 64-bit Compatible — rp5430, rp5450, rp5470, rp7400, rp7410, and rp8400 new for June 2001 • The HSC HyperFabric adapter card for K-Class systems (part number A4920A) has been discontinued. • The HSC HyperFabric adapter card for D- and R-Class systems (part number A4921A) has been discontinued.
I/0 and Networking Cards Known Problems with HP-PB and EISA 10/100Base-TX/9000 Table 7-2 EISA Interface Cards (Continued) Card Description Comments J2165A/B 802.5 Token Ring J2165 A – discontinued. J2165B – active. A3402A Combined 10BaseT/100VG adapter Discontinued October 1999. J2815A Dual-port X.25 J2220A SNA PlusLink adapter J2794A X.25/ACC, SNAPlus/ACC adapter A3659A FDDI (Single or Dual-Attach) adapter Discontinued August 1999. 25560A HP-IB Interface Discontinued March 1998.
I/0 and Networking Cards Known Problems with HP-PB and EISA 10/100Base-TX/9000 170 Chapter 7
8 Installation What’s in This Chapter? This chapter describes new and changed aspects of installation. (For further current information, see the HP-UX 11i Installation and Update Guide.
Installation Cold Install Changed Cold Install Changed new at 11i original release The HP-UX operating system is now delivered as part of an operating environment. (For more details, see “The HP-UX 11i Operating Environments (OEs)” on page 43, as well as Chapter 6, “HP-UX 11i Version 1.0 Operating Environment Applications,” on page 91.) Although HP-UX 11i can be cold-installed with or without an Operating Environment (OE), HP strongly recommends installing a complete OE.
Installation Ignite-UX Changed for 11i Ignite-UX Changed for 11i new at 11i original release Ignite-UX (IUX) is an HP-UX administration toolset to help you install and configure (or recover) HP-UX systems. The complete Ignite-UX product, with support for HP-UX 11i, 11.0 and 10.20, is available on the first CD of the 11i OE media kit. NOTE Ignite-UX will not be installed by default when updating the entire operating system from 10.20 or 11.00 to 11i even if the system currently is an Ignite-UX server.
Installation Ignite-UX Changed for 11i Table 8-1 Ignite-UX 11i Version B vs Version A Support Version B Version A HP-UX Releases Supporting IUX Servers & Systems 11.0 or higher 10.01, 10.10 and 10.20 Minimum Memory Size for IUX Servers & Systems 64MB 32MB Ignite-UX server support for HP-UX B.10.01 and B.10.10 has been obsoleted, and this functionality will be removed from your system upon updating Ignite-UX to the 11i version. If you wish to continue serving B.10.01 and B.10.
Installation Update-UX Update-UX New Update-UX Product new for March 2002 The update-ux script, once a part of the SW-DIST.SD-UPDATE fileset, has been moved to the new Update-UX product in the Update-UX.UUX fileset. As a result, customers can now install the update-ux script and its accompanying update-ux manpage on a 10.20 or 11.00 system (using instructions in the HP-UX 11i Installation and Update Guide). Documentation For more information, see the HP-UX 11i Installation and Update Guide at http://www.
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) Software Distributor (SD-UX) new at 11i original release Many changes have been implemented in Software Distributor since 11.0. The following sections detail the changes. (For additional Software Distributor information, see also Chapter 12.) Multiple Target Management Capabilities Enabled As part of the Servicecontrol Manager integration, capabilities previously only available through the OpenView Software Distributor version of SD-UX have been enabled.
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) CD Searched For Only When Requested With the release of 11.0, SD-UX introduced the automatic discovery and mounting of a CD However, SD-UX always looked for the CD even if that was not what was wanted. This made the start-up of the GUI slower than necessary. While the functionality is still available in the GUI, SD-UX now only performs this action when you push a new button in the Source Dialog called “Find Local CD.
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) As a result of this, the -x layout_version option should no longer be needed except when creating a depot that is to be in layout version 0.8 format. Then the -x layout_version=0.8 option is needed for the swpackage and/or swcopy commands used to initially create the depot. (By default, SD-UX commands that create depots will create them in layout version 1.0 format.
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) New Environment Variable, SW_COMPATIBLE, Created A new environment variable, SW_COMPATIBLE, has been created for use during the execution of a verify script that is called by the swverify command. If the software being considered is compatible with the system it is installed on, the variable will be set to TRUE. If it is incompatible, it will be set to FALSE.
Installation Software Distributor (SD-UX) corruption enhancement memory_leak panic halts_system By specifying the category (c) tag in the SD-UX version specification, you can select all patches that contain that specific category tag.
Installation set_parms Enhanced Documentation The Software Distributor Administration Guide has been extensively updated for accuracy and completeness (including many new examples) for HP-UX 11i and is available on the HP-UX Instant Information CD and on the http://docs.hp.com web site. Another excellent source of information on SD-UX is the SD-UX web site: http://software.hp.
Installation set_parms Enhanced 182 Chapter 8
9 General System Administration and Performance Monitoring What’s in This Chapter? This chapter describes changes that may be of particular interest to system administrators. • Interrupt Migration Available on Software Pack (see page 184) • Processor Sets Available on Software Pack (see page 185) • The uname Command Outputs B.11.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Interrupt Migration Available on Software Pack Interrupt Migration Available on Software Pack new for June 2002 As of June 2002, Interrupt Migration is available on Software Pack. Interrupt Migration allows migration of external I/O interrupts from one processor to another and provides an interface to enable or disable CPUs to handle interrupts. For further information, see Interrupt Migration Product Note, available at http://docs.hp.com.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Processor Sets Available on Software Pack Processor Sets Available on Software Pack new for December 2001 What are Processor Sets? HP-UX Processor Sets offer a flexible mechanism for managing system processor resources among multiple workloads, users, and departments within an enterprise. A processor set represents a set of processors grouped together for exclusive access to applications assigned to that processor set.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Processor Sets Available on Software Pack 186 • For details on using processor sets on nPartition systems, refer to the HP System Partitions Guide, available on the HP-UX 11i Instant Information CD and on the Web at http://docs.hp.com. • For more information about Software Pack, see “New Software Pack -- Optional HP-UX 11i Core Enhancements” on page 44.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring The uname Command Outputs B.11.11 The uname Command Outputs B.11.11 new at 11i original release The uname command for identifying the version of HP-UX that your system is running will return the following version name on an 11i system: B.11.11 To guarantee compatibility on current and future platforms, you can use the new interfaces to getconf and confstr to retrieve unique machine identifiers.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring New Option for top New Option for top A new -h option to the top command is provided to suppress the individual CPU state information for multiprocessor systems. If the -h option is specified, only the average of all CPU activities will be displayed. The change enables top to display more processes on a standard (80x24) screen without the screen being dominated by state information of individual CPUs.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) The /usr/sbin/sam command starts a menu-driven System Administration Manager (SAM) program that makes it easy to perform system administration tasks with only limited, specialized knowledge of the HP-UX operating system.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) (such as VxFS File System, virtual memory, etc.) The subsystems are capable of recording information at various levels ranging from simple status messages to catastrophic failures. These logs can be read through SAM, either from kernel memory or from a file on a disk. Networking and Communications updated for December 2002 • Added support for IPv6.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) and view OLAR-specific information about the card and slot. In addition, different instructions are provided depending on whether or not the card is in a slot that is capable of OLAR.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) Printers and Plotters • Added support for the Super I/O parallel interface. This allows SAM to recognize this parallel interface and configure a printer for it. • Updated the software products supported by SAM that allow the user to configure a network printer that has a JetDirect interface card.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Changes to System Administration Manager (SAM) Additional SAM Changes The Guardian Service Processor was introduced for the N4000 mid-range servers with the May 1999 Extension Pack and subsequently on all new servers. (See “Service Processor (GSP or MP)” on page 78 in Chapter 3 for more information.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring syslog File Logging Changes for su and login syslog File Logging Changes for su and login new at 11i original release This change will only affect you if you write or use programs or scripts that parse the syslog file. The format of text messages logged in the syslog file by the su and login commands has changed slightly. Specifically, su events are now preceded by ‘su:’ and login events are now preceded by ‘login:’.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Process Resource Manager (PRM) Disk Bandwidth Control Process Resource Manager (PRM) Disk Bandwidth Control This release allows Process Resource Manager (PRM) to report and control disk I/O bandwidth per LVM device. Based on user-configured priorities, PRM will reorder LVM disk queues to enforce the percentage of disk bandwidth a PRM group receives in an I/O-constrained environment. The functionality is documented in the PRM manpages.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring HP Distributed Print Service Deprecated HP Distributed Print Service Deprecated new at 11i original release The HP Distributed Print Service (HPDPS) print environment is being deprecated at 11i and will be removed in a future release. HPDPS, however, will continue to be supported for HP-UX 11.0 and 10.20 until further notice. Four options are available for print services in 11i: 1. the LP spooler, which is part of the HP-UX operating system 2.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Diagnostics: EMS Hardware Monitors Diagnostics: EMS Hardware Monitors The Event Monitoring System (EMS) Hardware Monitors allow you to monitor the operation of a wide variety of hardware products. When monitors encounter failure or other unusual events, they generate messages with Description, Cause, and Action statements which can be used to prevent and reduce downtime caused by hardware failures.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring Improved ioscan Description Field for PCI Devices Improved ioscan Description Field for PCI Devices The ioscan command displays I/O devices, memory modules, and CPUs in a tabular form for users. Previously, PCI interface cards were listed in the ioscan output by cryptic values in the ioscan description field. These values have been replaced by PCI device header fields which provide a clearer description for most (common) devices.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) iCOD and Pay Per Use Hewlett-Packard’s instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) and Pay Per Use (PPU) software products provide the ability to increase or decrease processor capacity instantly on (specified) enterprise servers. iCOD and PPU software products are a part of the HP Utility Pricing Solutions program.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) • iCOD 5.0 Release Notes The iCOD 5.0 Release Notes (part number B9073-90020) can be found on the Support Plus media and at http://docs.hp.com. You can find the iCOD Release Notes for version B.05.00 in the following locations/media: — For the most recent information, search for “B9073-90020” at http://docs.hp.com. — Printed (part number B9073-90020) - order from the following HP web site: http:/www.hp.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) • Manpages — — — — icod (5) icod_modify (1M) icod_notify (1M) icod_stat (1M) For details on using iCOD and Pay Per Use (PPU) software on nPartition systems, refer to the HP System Partitions Guide.
General System Administration and Performance Monitoring instant Capacity on Demand (iCOD) 202 Chapter 9
10 Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: • HP-UX Gang Scheduling (see page 204) • Kernel Threads vs.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters HP-UX Gang Scheduling HP-UX Gang Scheduling new at 11i original release This release includes the ability to “gang schedule” MPI (Message Passing Interface) applications and multi-threaded processes. The gang scheduler permits a set of MPI processes, or multiple threads from a single process, to be scheduled concurrently as a group. Only applications using the HP-UX 11.0 (or later) MPI or pthread libraries can be gang scheduled.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Kernel Threads vs. CMA Threads Kernel Threads vs. CMA Threads new at 11i original release The CMA threads (libcma) package, which is POSIX P1003.1a (Draft 4) compliant, is based on Concert Multi Thread Architecture (CMA). CMA is a user-level threads package in which thread scheduling and synchronization are handled within the user space without the kernel's assistance. CMA threads have been deprecated (slated for future obsolescence) at HP-UX 11i.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Large Private Data Space Large Private Data Space new at 11i original release An additional 1 to 2GB of private address space is now supported for 32-bit programs (if enabled on a per process basis), at the expense of shared memory address space. This change increases the amount of private data space available for a process.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Large Private Data Space advantage of the new malloc() for a program that uses a shared version of the C library. A program that was linked with a non-shared library version of the C library, however, will need to be re-linked. These changes have no compatibility impacts if the feature is not enabled. This feature can only be enabled for 32-bit programs running on the 64-bit version of HP-UX.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Memory Windows Memory Windows Running without memory windows, HP-UX has limitations for shared resources on 32-bit applications. All applications in the system are limited to a total of 1.75GB of shared memory (2.75GB if compiled as SHMEM_MAGIC). In a system with 16GB of physical memory, only 1.75 can be used for shared resources.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Memory Windows To enable memory windows, set the kernel tunable parameter max_mem_window to the desired amount. Customers can change this value by placing the desired value in their kernel configuration file. The system must be rebooted for the new value to take effect.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters HP-UX SCA Process and Memory Management HP-UX SCA Process and Memory Management new at 11i original release For compatibility reasons, the HP-UX 11i release supports the Scalable Computing Architecture (SCA) programming, locality management, and memory management features that were introduced at HP-UX 11.10 for the HP V-Class SCA servers.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Dynamic Tunables Dynamic Tunables new at 11i original release A new facility has been added which will allow the retrieving of all tunable values and the setting of a limited number of tunables. If a tunable is dynamic, a change will take place immediately, without the need to reboot the system. Such changes will persist across reboots.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Asynchronous Disk Pseudo Driver (async) Compatibility Asynchronous Disk Pseudo Driver (async) Compatibility new at 11i original release The async driver is used mostly by databases for doing asynchronous I/O to the disk. Applications that use the async driver must be owned by the superuser, or by a user who is a member of a group for which the privileges include MLOCK.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters System-V InterProcess Communications (IPC) System-V InterProcess Communications (IPC) System-V IPC Message Queue Enhancement new at 11i original release System-V IPC is the System-V InterProcess Communications package developed by AT&T and comprises mechanisms for arbitrary processes to send and receive data “messages,” share virtual address space, and use semaphores to synchronize execution. This enhancement applies only to the message subsystem.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters System-V InterProcess Communications (IPC) operate properly even with larger queues. Even some of those programs which do use the fields may do so in such a manner that the inaccuracy does not adversly affect program behavior. These concerns arise only for separately-built binaries which share common message queues.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters System-V InterProcess Communications (IPC) Compatibility Issues The change from a hard-coded SEMMSL to a dynamic tunable is transparent to applications. In releases prior to 11i, a “SEMMSL” symbol was hardcoded to 2048 in sys/sem.h. This symbol will no longer always be an accurate representation of the maximum number of semaphores in a set. Uses of the symbol in programs should be removed.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters SCSI Queue Depth Management SCSI Queue Depth Management new at 11i original release If you have multiple active paths to a SCSI device (LUN), you might need to manage your device queue depths to maximize the device’s performance. This is particularly true with dynamic multi-pathing applications—such as EMC’s PowerPath application—which allow all multiple paths to a LUN to be in use simultaneously.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Changes to mpctl() System Call Changes to mpctl() System Call new at 11i original release Some extensions have made to the mpctl() system call interface to pre-enable processor set functionality in the HP-UX 11i release. The mpctl() interface provides command requests to query system information, such as the total number of processors and locality domains in the system, and the IDs of all processors and locality domains.
Process, Threads, Memory, and Kernel Parameters Changes to mpctl() System Call 218 Chapter 10
11 New and Changed Disk and File Management Features What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: Chapter 11 • VERITAS VxFS 3.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features VERITAS VxFS 3.5 Available on Software Pack VERITAS VxFS 3.5 Available on Software Pack new for December 2002 The VERITAS File System 3.5 (HP OnlineJFS/JFS 3.5) product is an extent-based, intent-logging file system. This product is particularly geared toward UNIX environments that require high performance and availability, and that deal with large volumes of data. The VERITAS File System 3.5 (HP OnlineJFS/JFS 3.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features New Version of Journaled File System (JFS) New Version of Journaled File System (JFS) new at 11i original release HP-UX 11i includes a new version of the Journaled File System (JFS): version 3.3, as opposed to the previous version 3.1. (JFS is also known as the VERITAS File System or VxFS). New features in JFS 3.3 include the following: • support for access control lists (ACLs), the only HFS feature unavailable in JFS 3.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features New Version of Journaled File System (JFS) Documentation All VxFS manual pages are updated, as are the manual pages for generic HP-UX commands and functions which accommodate ACLs (cp and find, for instance). See Managing Systems and Workgroups: A Guide for HP-UX System Administrators, part no. B2355-90742, for a description of JFS ACLs and how to use them. The HP JFS 3.3 and HP OnLineJFS 3.3 VERITAS File System 3.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Network File System Support on TCP/IP Network File System Support on TCP/IP new at 11i original release With versions 2 and 3, Network File System (NFS) is now supported over the connection-oriented protocol, TCP/IP, in addition to running over User Datagram Protocol (UDP). As a result of this new functionality, NFS is now supported over wide-area networks (WANs). As long as TCP is supported on the WAN, then NFS is supported also.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Network File System Support on TCP/IP • • • • 224 mount_nfs (1M) nfsd (1M) automount (1M) nfsstat (1M) Chapter 11
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Other NFS Changes Other NFS Changes new at 11i original release Three additional features have been added to NFS: • Loopback transport support has been added to transport-independent RPC. • Automatic user-space thread generation has been enabled in the RPC library. • NFS server-side performance enhancements have been added.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Mounting and Unmounting NFS File Systems Automatically Using AutoFS Mounting and Unmounting NFS File Systems Automatically Using AutoFS HP-UX 11i provides a daemon that mounts and unmounts NFS file systems automatically. This feature is known as AutoFS. AutoFS coexists with automount and performs the same functions as automount, but has a new, more reliable design. Additionally, AutoFS supports the NFS PV3 protocol whereas the automounter does not.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Mounting and Unmounting NFS File Systems Automatically Using AutoFS /sbin/init.d/nfs.client stop This will unmount all mounted AutoFS filesystems and then kill the automountd process. To stop AutoFS without using the /sbin/init.d/nfs.client script, you must enter the following: /usr/sbin/umountall -F autofs kill automounted_pid The automount -n, -M, and -tw options are not supported in AutoFS.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Mounting and Unmounting NFS File Systems Automatically Using AutoFS AUTOFS=1 AUTOMOUNT_OPTIONS=”” AUTOMOUNTD_OPTIONS=”” Documentation Change A new manpage, automountd (1M), describes the AutoFS automount daemon. The automountd (1M) manpage has been modified to describe both the old automount daemon and the new AutoFS command. Obsolescence Although all 11.
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features HP Fibrechannel High Availability Disk and Closure HP Fibrechannel High Availability Disk and Closure The HP Fibrechannel High Availability Disk and Closure, also referred to as the FC10, is a Mass Storage Subsystem disk enclosure. This is the design center for Fibre Channel-Arbitrated Loop and future SCSI Enclosures (SES).
New and Changed Disk and File Management Features Fibre Channel Mass Storage Diagnostic Message and Kernel Tunable 230 Chapter 11
12 Internet and Networking Services What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers the following topics: • IPv6 Available on Software Pack (see page 232) — What is IPv6? (see page 232) — What’s Included in HP-UX 11i IPv6? (see page 232) — Identifying IPv6 Systems (see page 233) — Where to Find Information (see page 234) • Base HP-UX Internet Services (see page 235) — Sendmail-8.9.3 (see page 235) — BIND 8.1.
Internet and Networking Services IPv6 Available on Software Pack IPv6 Available on Software Pack What is IPv6? new for December 2001 Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is a new generation of the Internet Protocol that is beginning to be adopted by the Internet community. IPv6 is also referred to as “IPng” (IP next generation). It provides the infrastructure for the next wave of Internet devices, such as PDAs, mobile phones, and appliances.
Internet and Networking Services IPv6 Available on Software Pack ifconfig netstat ping route ndd traceroute ndp (a new IPv6-only utility for neighbor-discovery; ndp is similar to the arp utility used with IPv4) • Support in /etc/hosts for both IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses. Look-up policies for IPv6 are identical to those of IPv4. • IPv6 Name/Address Resolution for Name Service Switch: new entry (ipnodes) in /etc/nsswitch.conf.
Internet and Networking Services IPv6 Available on Software Pack Where to Find Information The following customer documentation is available on the Web at http://docs.hp.com. Note that these documents were written for an independent Software Depot release. The information in these documents still applies; however the “Installation” details are written for a Web download only.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services Base HP-UX Internet Services NOTE Although HP-UX 11i includes Sendmail 8.9.3, BIND 8.1.2, and WU-FTPD 2.4, you can download the following new versions of these products from HP’s software depot at http://www.software.hp.com under “internet & security solutions”: Sendmail 8.11.1, BIND 9.2.0, and WU-FTPD 2.6.1. The release notes for these versions are available at http://www.docs.hp.com under “Networking and Communications.” Sendmail-8.9.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services PrivacyOptions=noverb The noverb flag will disable the SMTP VERB command, turning off the verbose mode. • Support for new mailer and map class: Mailer: discard A special internal delivery agent named discard is now defined for use with check_* rulesets and header checking rulesets. Map class: regex Sendmail-8.9.3 supports regular expressions using the new map class regex.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services New Configuration File The BIND configuration file is now named.conf, with many more configurable variables than in previous releases of BIND. (The configuration file in previous versions of BIND was named.boot.) There are now entirely new areas of configuration, such as, access control lists and categorized logging. Many options that previously applied to all zones can now be used selectively.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services You can take advantage of using an authentication mechanism of your choice like DCE Integrated Login, UNIX, or Kerberos by making a change in the /etc/pam.conf file. By default, if you do not edit the /etc/pam.conf file, the rexec and the remsh services will use the authentication mechanism specified by the OTHER directive in the /etc/pam.conf file.
Internet and Networking Services Base HP-UX Internet Services To enable the DHCP server to perform updates to the DDNS, you need to add a new tag, ddns-address. The following is a sample of a DHCP_DEVICE_GROUP entry that includes the ddns-address tag and the pcsn tag: DHCP_DEVICE_GROUP:\ ba:\ pcsn:\ class-name=SUBNET_128_XTERMINAL_GROUP:\ class-id=”xterminal:”\ subnet-mask=255.255.255.0 :\ addr-pool-start-address= 15.14.128.1 :\ addr-pool-last-address= 15.14.128.254 :\ ddns-address=1.2.3.
Internet and Networking Services Network Transport Network Transport new at 11i original release Network Transport includes ifconfig, ndd, netstat, virtual IP address, setsockopt, and t_optmgmt. All are discussed in more detail below. ifconfig The ifconfig subnet mask default now allows all 1’s or all 0’s in the masked part of the subnet field. (The subnet field is that portion of an IP address that identifies the subnet beyond the network portion of the address.
Internet and Networking Services Network Transport Specific Changes 1. All 1’s or all 0’s are now allowed in masked bits of subnet address: ip_check_subnet_addr shows whether or not that RFC1122 or RFC1878 enforces the network subnet mask. If it is a 0 (zero), then the RFC1122 behavior is seen. If it is a 1 (one), then RFC1812 is seen. The default is now RFC1812 behavior. (See ifconfig in the preceding section for more information.
Internet and Networking Services Network Transport Supported parameter values are as follows: 2 Use Timestamps option if initiated by the remote system 1 Always try to initiate the use of Timestamps option 0 Never use Timestamps option 5. With the enablement of socket caching, tcp_conn_strategy can now increase performance by setting how many cached socket structures the system keeps. The default value of 0 (zero) disables the feature. A value between 1 and 512 sets a minimum of 512.
Internet and Networking Services Network Transport Beginning at HP-UX 11i, netstat -I displays statistics accumulated since the last system reboot. This matches netstat -I output for HP-UX releases 10.20 and earlier. Compatibility Issues There could be some compatibility problems with scripts where they look for the “Use” field.
Internet and Networking Services New Versions of FTPD New Versions of FTPD new at 11i original release This release contains a new version of FTPD, which replaces the legacy FTPD. In addition to supporting the FTP protocol defined in RFC 959, the following new features are provided: • Logging of transfers. • Logging of commands. • On-the-fly compression and archiving. • Classification of users by type and location. • Per-directory upload permissions. • Restricted guest accounts.
Internet and Networking Services New Versions of FTPD Table 12-2 New Commands (Continued) /usr/bin/ftprestart Table 12-3 Removes the shutdown message file created by the ftpshut utility. New Configuration Files /etc/ftpd/ftpaccess The primary configuration file defining the operation of the new FTP daemon. /etc/ftpd/ftpconversions Defines options for compression/decompression and tar/un-tar operations.
Internet and Networking Services Changes to rwhod Changes to rwhod updated for December 2001 The rwhod daemon now accepts hostnames with supported characters as per RFC 952 only. The supported characters include letters, digits, and the hyphen (-) sign. Hostnames with invalid characters, such as underscores, are now ignored by the rwhod daemon. For more information on RFC952, please see http://ietf.org.
Internet and Networking Services STREAMS/UX STREAMS/UX new at 11i original release Several enhancements have been made to STREAMS/UX, including support for the select() system call, an I/O forwarding mechanism, and Function Registering: • The select() system call for STREAMS/UX devices examines the files or devices associated with the file descriptors specified by the bitmasks, readfds, writefds, and exceptfds.
Internet and Networking Services Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) The Low Bandwidth X extension (LBX) uses several compression and local caching techniques to improve performance on wide-area networks and on slower speed connections. These techniques reduce the amount of protocol data transported over the network and reduce the number of client-to-server round trips required for common application startup operations.
Internet and Networking Services Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) The xrx helper program has been added to the /usr/bin/X11 directory. End users must set up their Web browsers to use this program for files with the rx extension. 2. libxrx.6.3 (the Netscape plug-in) The Netscape plug-in, libxrx.6.3, has been added to the /usr/lib/X11R6 directory. End users must copy this to their $(HOME)/.netscape/plugins directory (or the equivalent) so that files with the rx extension are interpreted correctly.
Internet and Networking Services Low Bandwidth X Extension (LBX) graphics displays can be achieved than otherwise would be possible with a single system with multiple graphics cards. SLS/d provides the X Window system support for part of the 3-D Visualize Center products. SLS/d involves a low-level change in the X server that unites several distributed graphics displays into a logical X Window system. The only user-visible changes are related to system configuration.
13 Security What’s in This Chapter? This chapter describes new security features.
Security Generic Security Services for Developing Secure Applications Generic Security Services for Developing Secure Applications new at 11i original release The Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface (GSS API) is a newly introduced product for HP-UX 11i. It contains all the GSS APIs as per RFC 2743 and is implemented as C programming language interfaces as defined in the RFC 2744, “Generic Security Service API: C-bindings.
Security Generic Security Services for Developing Secure Applications Size Requirements A minimum of 32MB RAM and 1.5MB hard disk space will be required for installation and usage of the product on HP-UX 11i systems. Compatibility The libgss.sl library has been tested with the Kerberos V5 backend mechanism library (/usr/lib/gss/libgssapi_krb5.sl) and is fully compatible. This library is in the KRB5-Client Software. See the next section for more information.
Security Execute Protected Stacks Execute Protected Stacks new at 11i original release System security can be improved by enabling a new feature that execute protected program stacks. A common method of breaking into systems is by maliciously overflowing buffers on a program's stack. Malicious unprivileged users often use this method to trick a privileged program into starting a superuser shell for them, or similar unauthorized actions.
Security Execute Protected Stacks IMPORTANT Warning to Java Users Disabling stack execution will cause Java 1.2 programs to fail if using JDK/JRE 1.2.2 versions older than 1.2.2.06. To determine the Java version you are using, run java -version. To download the latest version of the JDK/JRE, see http://www.hp.com/go/java. To allow pre-1.2.2.06 programs to run, the executable from stack attribute of the program must be set to enable.
Security Auditing Commands/System Calls To Be Obsoleted Auditing Commands/System Calls To Be Obsoleted The auditing commands audevent, audisp, etc. and the system calls audwrite, audswitch, etc. will be obsoleted in a future release. An interface will be provided in the form of a device driver, /dev/idds, with additional functionality. At that time, both /dev/idds and the current 11i auditing process will be supported for ease of transition.
Security Configurable Security Features Configurable Security Features new at 11i original release Administrators now have a new convenient way to customize security features. A new /etc/default/security file is defined. Editing this file provides a way to configure new security features or to modify the behavior of existing security features.
Security Password History Feature on Trusted Systems Password History Feature on Trusted Systems Password history is a new trusted-system feature of the passwd command, used to discourage users from re-using previously used passwords.
Security Kerberos Client Software Kerberos Client Software new at 11i original release Kerberos is a network authentication protocol. Kerberos Client Software, now provided with HP-UX 11i, enables integrating HP-UX into a secure enterprise environment. It provides tools and libraries to perform authentication and secure communication. The Kerberos protocol is designed to provide strong authentication for client/server applications by using secret-key cryptography.
Security Kerberos Client Software • • • • • /usr/bin/klist: list cached Kerberos tickets. See klist (1). /usr/bin/kdestroy: destroy Kerberos tickets. See kdestroy (1). /usr/bin/kvno: print key version numbers of Kerberos principals. See kvno (1). /usr/bin/kpasswd: change a user’s Kerberos password. See kpasswd (1). /usr/sbin/ktutil: Kerberos keytab file maintenance utility. See ktutil (1). Manpages • • • Manpages in /usr/share/man/man1.
Security HP-UX Kerberos Server HP-UX Kerberos Server updated for June 2002 As of June 2002, HP-UX Kerberos Server 2.0 is available on the Application Release CD. For further information, visit http://docs.hp.com/hpux/onlinedocs/T1417-90003/T1417-90003.html. new for September 2001 HP announces a new security product available on the application CD distributed in September 2001.
Security HP-UX Kerberos Server 262 Chapter 13
14 Compatibility What’s in This Chapter? This chapter describes various compatibility issues between HP-UX 11.0 and 11i. • Compatibility from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i (see page 264) • Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.
Compatibility Compatibility from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i Compatibility from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i Hewlett-Packard has a long record of providing HP-UX compatibility. Because it protects your investment and allows you to upgrade easily, compatibility is an important feature that HP has always recognized and that HP customers have come to expect. Compatibility requirements span across HP-UX products to third-party products as well.
Compatibility Compatibility from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i NOTE • Does not use documented features that are specifically described as having platform, architecture, or configuration limitations • Does not decompose an HP-UX product and then reuse the results of the decomposition For compatibility issues relevant to a particular component, see the corresponding section elsewhere in this document. Binary Compatibility An application that has run on HP-UX 11.
Compatibility Compatibility from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • Archive and shared relocatable object compatibility: An executable that is created by linking with a shared library that has dependencies on an archive library (a situation that typically occurs when linking with archive system libraries) is not supported. • Data model relocatable object compatibility: An executable created by linking with a mixture of 32-bit and 64-bit objects is not supported. The loader will not permit this.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i In the following sections, a short description of an 11i change is followed by details of the compatibility exception with which it is associated. Please note that all of these compatibility exceptions are rare corner cases for well-behaved applications.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i have to use HP_LD_FDP_INIT_NS instead. If the HP_LD_FDP_INIT_NS environment variable is not set and fdp_init_ns.o is in the default location, the link will fail with the file not found error message. • ONC+/NFS Security Correction This change corrects a security problem in NIS+. However, applications that are linked to the archived version of the libnsl library may have a compatibility problem.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • MAX_PROCS Changed to Enable 128 CPU Support This change enables support for 128 CPUs. The kernel macro MAX_PROCS has changed from 32 to 128 in the LP64 kernel and has changed the ABI for the undocumented system calls ki_call() and ktest_ioctl(). The MAX_PROCS change will cause an ABI incompatibility for kernel-intrusive applications or drivers which access internal kernel arrays sized by the MAX_PROCS macro.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • Support Tools Manager User Interface, EMS Hardware Monitors This change improves the usability for the STM User Interface and the EMS Hardware Monitors. As a result, any script that depends on the specific output of the EMS Hardware Monitors or specific commands or displays in the STM User Interface may have to be modified. See “HP-UX Support Tools: STM, ODE, & EMS Hardware Monitors” on page 109 for more information.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • Tighter Security for NFS Mounts This change is necessary to improve the security of NFS mounts. Without this change, when you export a file system using the root= option of exportfs, NFS-clients on the root= option are allowed to mount the NFS file system even when they don't appear on the rw= list and/or access= list.
Compatibility Known Compatibility Exceptions from HP-UX 11.0 to 11i • SD Changes Behavior with Unknown Attributes This change allows packagers to use new attributes in their software packages without requiring SD to know the attribute. Specifically, the swpackage program will no longer print error messages when an unrecognized attribute is encountered. However, you must be careful when naming attributes because typographical errors will no longer be reported.
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs This section defines the obsolescence of core system libraries and relocatable objects. Obsolescence of other products are covered in separate sections.
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs Obsolete: An obsolete interface may have the following characteristics: • • • • • functionality is no longer available on the system runtime support is undefined cannot develop or build with this interface documentation is not provided or recommends against usage the final stage of the product life cycle has been reached The reasons for marking an interface as obsolete may include the following: • • • underlying infrastructure in either the software or h
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs • libcma PA applications will continue to run on future releases of HP-UX, including those supporting IPF, via compatibility mode. • Applications using libcma should start migrating to POSIX threads (libpthread). • Where the libcma development environment is still available, libcma applications can maintain their existing development environment on 11.0 to 11i in order to continue to make application defect repairs.
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs Table 14-1 APIs to be Deprecated/Obsoleted (Continued) Library/API /usr/old/ libmalloc3x.a /usr/old/ malloc3c.o libcma.a Description Release Deprecated Old malloc() relocatable objects for compatibility with pre-9.x 10.01 CMA threads 11.0 & 11i Native on IPF Comments No Use libc malloc(). No Use libpthread(). 11i libcma.1 No libcma.2 No libc APIs 11i No Use mallinfo() instead. HP proprietary terminal interfaces 10.
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs Table 14-1 APIs to be Deprecated/Obsoleted (Continued) Library/API Description Release Deprecated Native on IPF Replaced by _INCLUDE_XOPEN_SOU RCE_EXTENDED 11i No _SVID2 No longer supported. 11i No _XPG2 No longer supported. 11i No _XPG3 No longer supported. 11i No _XPG4 Replaced by _XOPEN_SOURCE 11i No _POSIX1_1988 Replaced by _INCLUDE_POSIX_SOU RCE. 11i No _CLASSIC_ANSI_TYPES Supported in HP-UX 7.x, 8.x for HP-UX 6.
Compatibility Obsolescence and Deprecation of APIs 278 Chapter 14
15 Programming What’s in This Chapter? This chapter covers a variety of changes that are of particular interest to programmers. (For other relevant information, also see Chapter 14, “Compatibility,” on page 263.
Programming HP-UX Software Transition Kit (STK) HP-UX Software Transition Kit (STK) The HP-UX Software Transition Kit (STK) aids in transitioning your software from HP-UX 10.20 and 11.0 to HP-UX 11i, from 32-bit to 64-bit, and from PA platforms to IPF platforms. To do this, many tools are available to help you resolve issues such as those involving data models and API changes.
Programming Libraries Libraries aC++ Runtime (libCsup*, libstd*, libstream*, librwtool*) The aC++ runtime provides the run-time environment necessary for deploying C++ based (aC++ compiled) applications on HP-UX 11i. new at 11i original release This release of the aC++ runtime includes a new ANSI-compliant Standard C++ library. (The previous version of the runtime included the “classic” C++ STL library that corresponded to the pre-standard [Sept. 1998] definition of the C++ language and library.
Programming Libraries Documentation Detailed manpages for the new library are included with the Independent Software Unit release. The new library is also discussed in aC++ Online Help. Changes to libc • Large Files Support for C++ Applications To support large files for C++ applications, libc has been modified. C++ applications can now access files greater than 2 GB. This is done by setting _FILE_OFFSET_BITS to 64 in 32-bit mode. More details can be found in the HP-UX Large Files White Paper Version 1.
Programming Libraries where the number of arenas is 8, and the expansion size is 32*4096 bytes. In general, the more arenas you use, the smaller the expansion factor should be, and vice versa. _M_SBA_OPTS turns on the small block allocator, and sets up parameters for the small block allocator, namely, maxfast, grain, num_smallblocks. Refer to mallopt() for details about the small block allocator, and its parameters. Applications usually run faster with the small block allocator turned on rather than off.
Programming Libraries Two new libraries are added: /usr/lib/libcres.a and /usr/lib/pa20_64/libcres.a. These archive libraries include the common string and memory functions along with a improved performance qsort routine. A few other selected small routines are also included. The intent of this library is to allow an application to link to this library archived while linking the application as a whole shared.
Programming Libraries Any performance gains for an application are highly dependent on the application’s use of libc.sl and what interfaces in this library are used. The fastcall technology will be delivered with all systems. If there are compatibility concerns, the applications should not be built with this technology. More API's in libc may make use of the fastcall technology in future releases. Appropriate changes to the header files will be delivered to track these changes.
Programming Libraries tracked. When the number of tracked objects reaches about 20,000, the user CPU time with the splay tree is about half the user CPU time for the old nftw(). At 100,000 tracked inodes, the user CPU time is about 90% less for the splay tree. Another performance improvement to nftw() eliminated calls to access() by checking the mode bits in the stat() buffer. This decreased system CPU time by approximately 4%.
Programming Libraries There are two portions to the thread private cache: one for ordinary blocks and one for small blocks. Small blocks are blocks that are allocated by the small block allocator (SBA), which is configured with the environment variable _M_SBA_OPTS or by calls to mallopt(3C). The small block cache is automatically active whenever both the ordinary block cache and the SBA are active. The ordinary block cache is active only when it is configured by setting _M_CACHE_OPTS.
Programming Libraries The malloc() per-thread cache is a heuristic which may or may not benefit a given kernel-threaded application that makes intensive use of malloc. Only by trying different configurations can you determine whether any speed improvement can be obtained from per-thread cache for a given application, and what the optimal tuning is for that application.
Programming Libraries Changes to libm The fesetround() and fehold() functions in fenv.h have been upgraded to the latest ISO C9x specification. Previously the functions returned nonzero to indicate success and zero to indicate failure; now they return zero to indicate success and nonzero to indicate failure. Any code that depended on the return value will need to change.
Programming Miscellaneous Miscellaneous Linker and Object File Tools (ld, crt0.o, dld.sl, libdld.sl, chatr, and odump) new at 11i original release The following list summarizes the changes to linker and object file tools. Details for several of the linker changes follow the lists. Linker Changes • Incremental linking supported in 64-bit ld and elfdump. • Unix 98 (32-bit dl()* calls) supported in libdld.sl and dld.sl. • 32-bit Filtered shared libraries supported in ld, dld.sl and in odump.
Programming Miscellaneous Unix 98: Support for the APIs dlopen, dlsym, dlerror and dlclose has been added for 32-bit programs. Filtered Libraries: Filtered shared libraries divide up a large library into one filter and several implementation libraries. The user links against the filter library, but the real definitions of data and functions actually resides in the implementation libraries. At run time, only those implementation libraries that are actually used are loaded.
Programming Miscellaneous • Added global symbol table support. • Added support for object code repository reuse. Neither functionality nor compatibility are affected by the code changes. However, for 64-bit programs, mixing object files having non-weakorder sections with object files having weakorder sections might cause the ordering of text sections to change. The new version of the linker requires 34112 blocks.
Programming Miscellaneous The distinction between the International and US/Canada version of DCE components has been removed. That is, the 56-bit Data Encryption Standard (DES) which was earlier restricted to US/Canada is now available for all customers. This means there will only be one version of the DCE library and dced daemon, which is based on the 56-bit DES version. NOTE The number of LAN interfaces supported by DCED is limited to 32 and the LAN interfaces supported by CDS is 12.
Programming Miscellaneous Also, since CMA threads are being obsoleted, it is recommended that all applications using CMA threads start migrating to kernel threads and use libdcekt. (See “Kernel Threads vs. CMA Threads” on page 205 for additional information.) Compatibility Issues All applications using the 64-bit library libdcekt may need to include /usr/include/dce/dce64.h. DCE server products are not supported on workstations (Series 700 machines). Documentation The site http://devresource.hp.
Programming Miscellaneous Note, however, relocatable objects may incorrectly presume that the size of returned information is the same pre- and post-patch. It is possible to determine the size of information returned. pstat() users can use the size return value of the system call to maintain relocatable object compatibility and portability across the proposed change. This is documented in the manpage.
Programming Miscellaneous Table 15-2 New pstat Data Structures (Continued) pst_filedetails This data structure contains detailed information specific to a particular open file. For a specified file, there is only one instance of this structure. This information includes stat equivalent information. pst_socket The PSTAT socket structure contains detailed information pertaining to an opened socket, such as type, state, protocol, address family, and options of the socket.
Programming Miscellaneous Machine Identifier Changes to confstr new at 11i original release New machine identifier, partition identifier, and serial number parameters have been defined for the confstr() library function. The new parameters for confstr() are defined as follows: _CS_MACHINE_IDENT Identifier for each physical machine. Returned as an opaque string of printable ascii characters.This string has the same value for all partitions in a physical machine.
Programming Miscellaneous 298 Chapter 15
16 New and Changed Internationalization Features What’s in This Chapter? This chapter provides information that will be of interest to localizers or international users of HP-UX. • Japanese Language Pack for Netscape 4.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Japanese Language Pack for Netscape 4.79 Japanese Language Pack for Netscape 4.79 updated for June 2002 Now available for Netscape 4.79 is the Japanese Language Pack, which localizes most of the menus. Additional information can be found at http://hp.com/go/netscape. For more information about Netscape Communicator included with the Operating Environments, see “Netscape Communicator” on page 112.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Unicode Character Set Unicode Character Set HP-UX 11i provides system level support for the Unicode 2.1/ISO-10646 character set. Hewlett-Packard’s support for Unicode provides a basis of enabling heterogeneous interoperability for all locales. ISO-10646 is an industry standard for defining a single encoding which uniquely encodes all the world’s characters. Unicode 2.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Unicode Character Set Table 16-3 Asian (Continued) zh_HK.utf8 Traditional Chinese (Hong Kong) zh_TW.utf8 Traditional Chinese To enable Unicode support in applications, set the environment variable to a desired utf8 locale. Locales are installed based on the current language file sets already installed on the target system. For example, if the system uses the International.German the German Unicode locale (de_DE.utf8) is installed.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Unicode Character Set Base Unicode offering (installed on all systems): Approximately 10MB. Table 16-5 Unicode European Locales and Localized Files French & French Canadian 8.4 MB German 4.2 MB Italian 4.2 MB Spanish 4.2 MB Swedish 4.2 MB Table 16-6 Unicode Asian Locales and Localized Files Japanese 3.4 MB Korean 2.4 MB Simplified Chinese 2.5 MB Hong Kong 1.7 MB Traditional Chinese 4.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) This release contains defect fixes for incorrect character mappings. The corrections concern the Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Japanese, and Korean characters of HP-UX. Corrected character converter mappings allow for improved interoperability when sending or receiving converted character data to/from Unicode-aware systems.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) In the case of Big-5 to/from UCS2/UTF-8, the “Ideographic Space” character was absent in the Unicode conversion table mapping: Table 16-9 Mapping for Ideographic Space incorrect UCS2 big5 0xA140 correct UCS2 - 0x3000 Char Name Ideographic Space The following table summarizes the changes applied for conversions between eucTW and UCS2: Table 16-10 eucTW Changes Applied to eucTW—UCS2 Conversions incor
New and Changed Internationalization Features Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) No compatibility problems are anticipated.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) Table 16-12 sjis Changes Applied to Shift-JIS/EUC—WUCS2/UTF-8 Conversion (Continued) incorrect UCS2 eucJP correct UCS2 Character Name 0x818F 0xA1EF 0xFFE5 0x00A5 Yen Sign n/a 0x8FA2B7 0x02DC 0xFF5E Full-width Tilde Affected iconv conversions are conversions between sjis and UCS2 or UTF-8 as well as conversions between eucJP and UCS2 or UTF-8.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Corrected Character Mappings to iconv(1) and iconv(3C) No compatibility problems are anticipated. However, if compatibility concerns arise with regard to persistent data stored either in Unicode (UCS2) or UTF-8 on an HP-UX system, it is recommended that the previously installed ucs2=eucKR table be saved and renamed prior to installation of this fix.
New and Changed Internationalization Features EURO (ISO 8859-15 Locales) EURO (ISO 8859-15 Locales) Euro support is provided via locale support for the ISO 8859-15 character set. ISO 8859-15 is a newly ratified character set that differs from ISO 8859-1 in that it supports eight new characters. Specific enhancements are provided to allow Euro display, input, and processing capabilities. Fourteen new locales have been created based on ISO 8859-15: Table 16-14 New Locales Locale Language (Country) C.
New and Changed Internationalization Features EURO (ISO 8859-15 Locales) encounter a change to the decimal and thousands separators for the currency, whereas decimal and thousands separators outside the monetary area stay the same as in previous locales. For example, in the French locale, the thousands separator is a space and the decimal point is a comma. However, the international standard for the thousands separator for the euro currency is a period.
New and Changed Internationalization Features EURO (ISO 8859-15 Locales) The ISO8859-15 font set is resident on the HP 4500 Color LaserJet Printer, which contains the Euro symbol at position A4 (hexadecimal). Your data file must contain this code to print the Euro symbol. A new utility will be provided to download the fonts to the printer RAM. These fonts will then reside in the printer’s RAM until the next power cycle.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support new at 11i original release HP-UX 11i provides system level support for the Unicode 2.1/ISO-10646 character set. Hewlett-Packard's support for Unicode provides a basis of enabling heterogeneous interoperability for all geographic areas. ISO-10646 is an industry standard for defining a single encoding which uniquely encodes all the characters of the modern world. Unicode 2.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support Table 16-16 Locales with Dual Currency (Continued) Locale Language/Country en_GB.utf8 English (Great Britain) es_ES.utf8 Spanish (Spain) i_FI.utf8 Finnish (Finland) fr_FR.utf8 French (France) is_IS.utf8 Icelandic (Iceland) it_IT.utf8 Italian (Italy) nl_NL.utf8 Dutch (The Netherlands) no_NO.utf8 Norwegian (Norway) pt_PT.utf8 Portuguese (Portugal) sv_SE.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support • The number “One thousand five hundred and fifty and a half ” outside the monetary area will be displayed as 1 550,50. • The monetary number “One thousand five hundred and fifty euro and 50 cents” will be displayed as EUR 1.550,50 Commands The localedef (1M) command has been enhanced to handle @euro modifier in order to build dual currency locale(s).
New and Changed Internationalization Features Euro - ISO 10646/Unicode Support Table 16-20 utf8 and PC code pages (EBCDIC) (Continued) utf8 <-> cp861 utf8 <-> cp862 utf8 <-> cp863 utf8 <-> cp864 utf8 <-> cp865 utf8 <-> cp866 utf8 <-> cp869 utf8 <-> cp874 utf8 <-> cp1250 utf8 <-> cp1251 utf8 <-> cp1252 utf8 <-> cp1253 utf8 <-> cp1254 utf8 <-> cp1255 utf8 <-> cp1256 utf8 <-> cp1257 utf8 <-> cp1258 Table 16-21 ucs2 and PC code pages (EBCDIC) ucs2 <-> cp437 ucs2 <-> cp737 ucs2 <-> cp775
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) Asian System Environment (ASE) new at 11i original release HP-UX provides Asian systems for the Asian countries of the Far East, consisting of the following products: JSE Japanese System Environment KSE Korean System Environment SSE Simplified-Chinese System Environment TSE Traditional-Chinese System Environment HP-UX provides several Asian enhancements as server features, including some new Asian codesets, UDC (User Defi
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) By installing optional Font DIMM on these printers, you can print text with TrueType fonts. To use TrueType fonts, you have to configure a printer with PCL5.asian model file for the LP Spooler, or with 2BPCL5.asx printer model for HPDPS. NOTE ❏ HPDPS common printer model directory For HPDPS, the common printer model directories PCL5.asx, 2BPCL5.asx and ESCP.asx are provided for future new printer support.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) Table 16-22 New Printer Models for JSE Printer 318 LP Spooler Model File HPDPS Printer Model File HP LaserJet 5sia PCL5.nloo (PCL5.asian) PCL5.asx (2BPCL5.asx) HP HITPCPDA ESCP ESCP.asx HP HITHTS4A ESCP ESCP.asx HP HITKD20A ESCP ESCP.asx HP HITKD45A ESCP ESCP.asx Canon LBP-850 LIPS4 LIPS4.asx Canon LBP-930EX LIPS4 LIPS4.asx Canon LBP-2030 LIPS4 LIPS4.asx Canon LBP-2040 LIPS4 LIPS4.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) a. By installing optional Japanese Font DIMM on these printers, you can print Japanese text with TrueType fonts. To use Japanese TrueType fonts, you have to configure a printer with PCL5.asian model file for the LP Spooler, or with 2BPCL5.asx printer model for HPDPS. To see whether your printer has Japanese TrueType Font installed, follow these steps: Press Menu on the control panel of the printer until “INFORMATION MENU” appears.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) — Fujitsu JEF — — — — jefc: JEF (Fujitsu Mainframe code set) + EBCDIC (lower alphabet) jefk: JEF (Fujitsu Mainframe code set) + EBCDIK (katakana) jefc9p: JEF + EBCDIC designating 9 point size in printing jefk9p: JEF + EBCDIK designating 9 point size in printing The code set conversions are provided between the above Mainframe code sets and the following existing code sets: SJIS eucJP ucs2 ❏ New UDC feature A new UDC environment
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) • SSE ❏ Unicode Simplified Chinese UTF-8 locale zh_CN.utf8 is supported. On this locale, you can input, display and print UTF-8 characters. There is support for characters defined in standards ISO10646 and GB 2312 (1980). UDC (User Defined Characters or GAIJI) and VDC (Vender Defined Characters) are not supported. For details, see the document /usr/share/doc/ASX-UTF8.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) Changed Feature • JSE ❏ EISUU key mode change for 106/109 keyboard In the previous version, the EISUU key, Shift + EISUU (Caps Lock mode) keys, and Alt + EISUU (KANJIBANGOU mode) keys all worked as Caps Lock. Now they work as original features of the key/keys. Deleted Features • ASE Common ❏ • KSE ❏ NOTE Printing to LaserJet III series is now obsoleted.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) ❏ EGBridge Closing the EGBridge main window during Kana-Kanji conversion on hpterm may also close hpterm. You should finish conversion before closing the EGBridge main window. ❏ IMS common (XJIM/ATOK8/EGBridge/VJE-gamma) — Window focus sometimes cannot be moved by Meta(Alt)-Tab key if applications use XIMStatusNothing and they overlap each other with KANJI-ON state.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Asian System Environment (ASE) old: LKONOFF = XK_Henkan XK_Meta_L new: LKONOFF = XK_Henkan XK_Meta_L XK_Alt_L Then save the updated key map file and restart EGBridge. You can turn EGBridge on/off with the left “Alt” key. ❏ udcload — When UDCs are not arranged in the code order in the UDC file, udcload cannot load UDC. Therefore. you should arrange UDCs in the code order.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Enhanced Print Capabilities in the Asian System Environment Enhanced Print Capabilities in the Asian System Environment HP-UX 11i contains enhancements to the printer capabilities of four Asian-country system environments (JSE, KSE, SSE, TSE), as itemized below. Changes Common to All ASEs • LP Model File: Supports new printers: The PCL5.nloo model file supports Asian text printing on following printers.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Enhanced Print Capabilities in the Asian System Environment • HPDPS: Provides common printer model directories: Provides new printer model directories, LIPS3.asx, LIPS4.asx, PS.asx and 2BPCL5.asx for future printer support. Users can use these model directories as model or sample implementation of a printer-model.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Enhanced Print Capabilities in the Asian System Environment Traditional-Chinese System Environment (TSE) • X Print Server: TSE supports printing via X Print Server to PCL printers • LP and HPDPS: Supports new print options. Supports new printers. • HPDPS: Provides common template model directory for each print language. For more information, see the file: /usr/share/doc/ASX-TCH.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support new at 11i original release A new set of multibyte APIs have been added to libc following the C99 specification (ISO/IEC 9899:1999), and the Unix98 specification.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support How to Get MSE/Unix98 Behavior In order to get MSE/Unix98 behavior, the programs have to be compiled with the -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500 macro definition and the variable has to be defined in the environment. Under the Korn, Bourne, and POSIX shells, this is done with: UNIX_STD=98 export UNIX_STD Under the C shell this is done using setenv UNIX_STD 98 A cc compiler equal to HP92453-01 A.11.01.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support mbsrtowcs() mbsrtowcs() converts a character string to a wide-character string. Note that the behavior of this function is affected by the LC_CTYPE category of the current locale. towctrans() towctrans() is provided for character transliteration. The current setting of the LC_CTYPE category should be the same as during the call to wctrans()-.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support fprintf(), printf(), snprintf(), sprintf(), fscanf(), scanf(), sscanf() printf (3S), scanf (3S) and related functions support the new qualifier l (the letter) to select wide character conversion in a given format string and set errno to [EILSEQ] if the data obtained from the input stream does not form a valid wide character. fputwc(), putwc(), putwchar() The type of first argument is changed from wint_t to wchar_t.
New and Changed Internationalization Features Multibyte Support Extension and Unix98 Support 332 Chapter 16
17 Licensing Products Future Change for LicensePower/iFOR HP plans to remove LicensePower/iFOR from the Core HP-UX software in a future release. This licensing product can be obtained directly from Isogon Corporation, the owner of the product. To download LicensePower/iFOR, go to Isogon’s Web site: http://www.isogon.com/support/sptlpifor/download/download.
