HP-UX System Administrator's Guide: Security Management HP-UX 11i v3 (B3921-90020, September 2010)
Table Of Contents
- HP-UX System Administrator's Guide: Security Management
- Table of Contents
- About this Document
- Part I Protecting Systems
- 1 Installing the HP-UX Operating Environment Securely
- 1.1 Installation Security Considerations
- 1.2 Preventing Security Breaches During the Boot Process
- 1.3 Enable Login Security for root
- 1.4 Using Boot Authentication to Prevent Unauthorized Access
- 1.5 Setting Install-Time Security Options
- 1.6 Installing Security Patches
- 1.7 Postinstallation Security Tips for Backup and Recovery
- 2 Administering User and System Security
- 2.1 Managing User Access
- 2.2 Authenticating Users During Login
- 2.3 Authenticating Users with PAM
- 2.4 Managing Passwords
- 2.4.1 System Administrator Responsibilities
- 2.4.2 User Responsibilities
- 2.4.3 Criteria of a Good Password
- 2.4.4 Changing the /etc/passwd Password File
- 2.4.5 The /etc/shadow Shadow Password File
- 2.4.6 Eliminating Pseudo-Accounts and Protecting Key Subsystems in /etc/passwd
- 2.4.7 Secure Login with HP-UX Secure Shell
- 2.4.8 Securing Passwords Stored in NIS
- 2.4.9 Securing Passwords Stored in LDAP Directory Server
- 2.5 Defining System Security Attributes
- 2.6 Handling setuid and setgid Programs
- 2.7 Preventing Stack Buffer Overflow Attacks
- 2.8 Protecting Unattended Terminals and Workstations
- 2.9 Protecting Against System Access by Remote Devices
- 2.10 Securing Login Banners
- 2.11 Protecting the root Account
- 3 HP-UX Standard Mode Security Extensions
- 4 Remote Access Security Administration
- 4.1 Overview of Internet Services and Remote Access Services
- 4.2 The inetd Daemon
- 4.3 Protection Against Spoofing with TCP Wrappers
- 4.4 Secure Internet Services
- 4.5 Controlling an Administrative Domain
- 4.6 Securing Remote Sessions Using HP-UX Secure Shell (SSH)
- 4.6.1 Key Security Features of HP-UX Secure Shell
- 4.6.2 Software Components of HP-UX Secure Shell
- 4.6.3 Running HP-UX Secure Shell
- 4.6.4 HP-UX Secure Shell Privilege Separation
- 4.6.5 HP-UX Secure Shell Authentication
- 4.6.6 Communication Protocols
- 4.6.7 HP-UX Secure Shell and the HP-UX System
- 4.6.8 Associated Technologies
- 4.6.9 Strong Random Number Generator Requirement
- 4.6.10 TCP Wrappers Support
- 4.6.11 chroot Directory Jail
- 1 Installing the HP-UX Operating Environment Securely
- Part II Protecting Data
- 5 File System Security
- 5.1 Controlling File Access
- 5.2 Setting Access Control Lists
- 5.3 Using HFS ACLs
- 5.4 Using JFS ACLs
- 5.4.1 Definition of a JFS ACL
- 5.4.2 How the System Generates a JFS ACL
- 5.4.3 Minimal JFS ACL
- 5.4.4 Additional JFS ACL user and group Entries
- 5.4.5 JFS ACL group and class Entries
- 5.4.6 Using the setacl and getacl Commands
- 5.4.7 Effect of chmod on class Entries
- 5.4.8 Example of Changing a Minimal JFS ACL
- 5.4.9 Default JFS ACLs
- 5.4.10 Changing JFS ACL with the setacl Command
- 5.5 Comparison of JFS and HFS ACLs
- 5.6 ACLs and NFS
- 5.7 Security Considerations for /dev Device Special Files
- 5.8 Protecting Disk Partitions and Logical Volumes
- 5.9 Security Guidelines for Mounting and Unmounting File Systems
- 5.10 Controlling File Security on a Network
- 6 Compartments
- 7 Fine-Grained Privileges
- 5 File System Security
- Part III Protecting Identity
- 8 HP-UX Role-Based Access Control
- 8.1 Overview
- 8.2 Access Control Basics
- 8.3 HP-UX RBAC Components
- 8.4 Planning the HP-UX RBAC Deployment
- 8.5 Configuring HP-UX RBAC
- 8.6 Using HP-UX RBAC
- 8.7 Troubleshooting HP-UX RBAC
- 9 Audit Administration
- 8 HP-UX Role-Based Access Control
- A Trusted Systems
- B Other Security Products
- B.1 HP-UX AAA Server (RADIUS)
- B.2 HP-UX Bastille
- B.3 HP-UX Directory Server
- B.4 HP-UX Encrypted Volume and File System (EVFS)
- B.5 HP-UX HIDS
- B.6 HP-UX IPFilter
- B.7 HP-UX IPSec
- B.8 HP-UX LDAP-UX Integration
- B.9 HP-UX Secure Resource Partitions (SRP)
- B.10 HP-UX Secure Shell
- B.11 HP-UX Trusted Computing Services
- B.12 Security Patches
- Glossary
- Index
login auth required /usr/lib/security/libpam_unix.1
• If there are two or more systemwide login auth entries, such as the following,
they are taken in order:
login auth required /usr/lib/security/libpam_unix.1
login auth required /usr/lib/security/libpam_dce.1
In this case, the standard HP-UX login process is executed. Then the DCE
authentication process occurs. If both are satisfied, then the login is successful.
Both processes are performed, even if the user fails one of them.
• If you require different authentication methods for different users, place the special
entry libpam_udpbe ahead of the authentication modules in /etc/pam.conf
(the lines are numbered for easy reference):
#/etc/pam.conf
#1
login auth required /usr/lib/security/libpam_udpbe.1
#2
login auth required /usr/lib/security/libpam_unix.1
#3
login auth required /usr/lib/security/libpam_dce.1
Then place entries for each affected user in /etc/pam_user.conf:
#/etc/pam_user.conf
#4
allan auth /usr/lib/security/libpam_unix.1 debug
#5
allan auth /usr/lib/security/libpam_dce.1 try_first_pass
#6
isabel auth /usr/lib/security/libpam_unix.1 debug use_psd
When allan logs in, line 1 in /etc/pam.conf causes PAM to read/etc/
pam_user.conf. Because the module paths on lines 4 and 5 of /etc/
pam_user.conf match the module paths on lines 2 and 3 of /etc/pam.conf,
PAM temporarily replaces the null options fields of lines 2 and 3 of /etc/
pam.conf with debug and try_first_pass, respectively. Then the modules
specified by lines 2 and 3 are executed with the revised options.
When isabel logs in, line 1 in /etc/pam.conf causes PAM to read /etc/
pam_user.conf and temporarily replace the options field of line 2 of /etc/
pam.conf with debug use_psd. Line 3 is unchanged. Then the modules specified
by lines 2 and 3 are executed with the revised options.
When george logs in, line 1 in /etc/pam.conf causes PAM to read /etc/
pam_user.conf. Because entries for george do not exist, lines 2 and 3 of /etc/
pam_user.conf are not changed. The modules specified by lines 2 and 3 are
executed with no changes.
40 Administering User and System Security