HP aC++/HP C A.06.25 Programmer's Guide

data types. ANSI C and HP C++ also support a long double type. In addition, HP
aC++ supports bool, wchar_t, long long, and unsigned long long data types.
Pointers, structs, and unions that can be declared in C are also compatible. Arrays
composed of any of the above types are compatible.
C++ classes are generally incompatible with C structs. The following features of the
C++ class facility may cause the compiler to generate extra code, extra fields, or data
tables:
• Multiple visibility of members (including both private and public data members
in a class)
• Inheritance, either single or multiple
• Virtual functions
It is the use of these features, as opposed to whether the class keyword is used rather
than struct, that introduces incompatibilities with C structs.
HP aC++ Calling HP C
Calling between C and C++ is a normal operation, since C++ is for the most part a
superset of C. You should, however, be aware of the following:
• Using the extern "C" Linkage Specification
• Differences in Argument Passing Conventions
• The main() Function
Using the extern "C" Linkage Specification
To handle overloaded function names the HP aC++ compiler generates new, unique
names for all functions declared in a C++ program. To geneate these names, the compiler
uses a function-name encoding scheme that is implementation dependent. A linkage
directive tells the compiler to inhibit this default encoding of a function name for a
particular function.
To call a C function from a C++ program, you must disable the usual encoding scheme
when you declare the C function. When you do not disable the usual encoding scheme,
the function name declared in your C++ program will not match the function name in
your C module defining the function.
When the names do not match, the linker cannot resolve them. To avoid these linkage
problems, use a linkage directive when you declare the C function in the C++ program.
Syntax of extern "C"
All HP aC++ linkage directives must have either of the following formats:
extern “C” function_declaration
extern “C”
{
function_declaration1
248 Mixing C++ with Other Languages