hp 39g+ graphing calculator user’s guide H Edition 2 Part Number F2224-90001
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Contents Preface Manual conventions .............................................................. P-1 Notice ................................................................................. P-2 1 Getting started On/off, cancel operations......................................................1-1 The display ..........................................................................1-2 The keyboard .......................................................................1-3 Menus ..............................
3 Function aplet About the Function aplet........................................................ 3-1 Getting started with the Function aplet ................................ 3-1 Function aplet interactive analysis........................................... 3-9 Plotting a piecewise-defined function ................................ 3-12 4 Parametric aplet About the Parametric aplet .................................................... 4-1 Getting started with the Parametric aplet.............................
9 Inference aplet About the Inference aplet .......................................................9-1 Getting started with the Inference aplet ...............................9-1 Importing sample statistics from the Statistics aplet ................9-4 Hypothesis tests ....................................................................9-8 One-Sample Z-Test............................................................9-8 Two-Sample Z-Test ............................................................
12 Variables and memory management Introduction ....................................................................... 12-1 Storing and recalling variables............................................. 12-2 The VARS menu.................................................................. 12-4 Memory Manager .............................................................. 12-9 13 Matrices Introduction ....................................................................... 13-1 Creating and storing matrices ....
16 Programming Introduction ........................................................................16-1 Program catalog ............................................................16-2 Creating and editing programs.............................................16-4 Using programs ..................................................................16-7 Customizing an aplet...........................................................16-9 Aplet naming convention ...............................................
Reference information Glossary.............................................................................. R-1 Resetting the hp 39g+ ........................................................... R-3 To erase all memory and reset defaults ............................... R-3 If the calculator does not turn on ........................................ R-4 Operating details ................................................................. R-4 Batteries ............................................................
Preface The hp 39g+ is a feature-rich graphing calculator. It is also a powerful mathematics learning tool. The hp 39g+ is designed so that you can use it to explore mathematical functions and their properties. You can get more information on the hp 39g+ from Hewlett-Packard’s Calculators web site. You can download customized aplets from the web site and load them onto your calculator.
Notice This manual and any examples contained herein are provided as-is and are subject to change without notice.
1 Getting started On/off, cancel operations To turn on Press To cancel When the calculator is on, the current operation. To turn off Press to turn on the calculator. OFF key cancels the to turn the calculator off. To save power, the calculator turns itself off after several minutes of inactivity. All stored and displayed information is saved. If you see the ((•)) annunciator or the Low Bat message, then the calculator needs fresh batteries.
The display To adjust the contrast Simultaneously press decrease) the contrast. To clear the display • Press CANCEL to clear the edit line. • Press CLEAR to clear the edit line and the display history. and (or ) to increase (or Parts of the display Title History Edit line Menu key labels Menu key or soft key labels. The labels for the menu keys’ current meanings. is the label for the first menu key in this picture.
Annunciators. Annunciators are symbols that appear above the title bar and give you important status information. Annunciator Description Shift in effect for next keystroke. To cancel, press again. α ((•)) Alpha in effect for next keystroke. To cancel, press again. Low battery power. Busy. Data is being transferred via infrared or cable.
• On the calculator keyboard, the top row of keys are called menu keys. Their meanings depend on the context—that’s why their tops are blank. The menu keys are sometimes called “soft keys”. • The bottom line of the display shows the labels for the menu keys’ current meanings. Aplet control keys The aplet control keys are: Key Meaning Displays the Symbolic view for the current aplet. See “Symbolic view” on page 1-16. Displays the Plot view for the current aplet. See “Plot view” on page 1-17.
Entry/Edit keys The entry and edit keys are: Key Meaning Cancels the current operation if the calculator is on by pressing . Pressing , then OFF turns the calculator off. (CANCEL) Accesses the function printed in blue above a key. Returns to the HOME view, for performing calculations. Accesses the alphabetical characters printed in orange below a key. Hold down to enter a string of characters. Enters an input or executes an operation. In calculations, acts like “=”.
Key Meaning (Continued) CHARS Displays a menu of all available characters. To type one, use the arrow keys to highlight it, and press . To select multiple characters, select each and press , then press . Shifted keystrokes There are two shift keys that you use to access the operations and characters printed above the keys: and . Key Description Press the key to access the operations printed in blue above the keys. For instance, to access the Modes screen, press , then press .
HELPWITH The hp 39g+ built-in help is available in HOME only. It provides syntax help for built-in math functions. Access the HELPWITH command by pressing SYNTAX and then the math key for which you require syntax help. Example Press SYNTAX Note: Remove the left parenthesis from built-in functions such as sine, cosine, and tangent before invoking the HELPWITH command. Math keys HOME ( ) is the place to do calculations. Keyboard keys.
• Pressing takes you to the beginning of the MATH menu. See “Math functions by category” on page 11-2 for details of the math functions. HINT When using the MATH menu, or any menu on the hp 39g+, pressing an alpha key takes you straight to the first menu option beginning with that alpha character. With this method, you do not need to press first. Just press the key that corresponds to the command’s beginning alpha character. Program commands Pressing CMDS displays the list of Program Commands.
• If there are two columns, the left column shows general categories and the right column shows specific contents within a category. Highlight a general category in the left column, then highlight an item in the right column. The list in the right column changes when a different category is highlighted. Press or selection. • when you have highlighted your To speed-search a list, type the first letter of the word.
Mode settings You use the Modes input form to set the modes for HOME. HINT Although the numeric setting in Modes affects only HOME, the angle setting controls HOME and the current aplet. The angle setting selected in Modes is the angle setting used in both HOME and current aplet. To further configure an aplet, you use the SETUP keys ( and ). Press form. MODES to access the HOME MODES input Setting Options Angle Measure Angle values are: Degrees. 360 degrees in a circle. Radians.
Setting Options (Continued) Number Format The number format mode you set is the number format used in both HOME and the current aplet. Standard. Full-precision display. Fixed. Displays results rounded to a number of decimal places. Example: 123.456789 becomes 123.46 in Fixed 2 format. Scientific. Displays results with an exponent, one digit to the left of the decimal point, and the specified number of decimal places. Example: 123.456789 becomes 1.23E2 in Scientific 2 format. Engineering.
Setting a mode This example demonstrates how to change the angle measure from the default mode, radians, to degrees for the current aplet. The procedure is the same for changing number format and decimal mark modes. 1. Press form. MODES to open the HOME MODES input The cursor (highlight) is in the first field, Angle Measure. 2. Press to display a list of choices. 3. Press to select Degrees, and press . The angle measure changes to degrees. 4. Press HOME.
• Copied from another calculator. Aplets are stored in the Aplet library. See “Aplet library” on page 1-16 for further information. You can modify configuration settings for the graphical, tabular, and symbolic views of the aplets in the following table. See “Aplet view configuration” on page 1-18 for further information. Aplet name Use this aplet to explore: Function Real-valued, rectangular functions y in 2 terms of x. Example: y = 2x + 3x + 5 .
A great many more teaching aplets can be found at HP’s web site and other web sites created by educators, together with accompanying documentation, often with student work sheets. These can be downloaded free of charge and transferred to the hp 39g+ using the separately supplied Connectivity Kit.
A button is provided to evaluate the student’s knowledge. Pressing displays a target quadratic graph. The student must manipulate the equation’s parameters to make the equation match the target graph. When a student feels that they have correctly chosen the parameters a button evaluates the answer and provide feedback.
Pressing displays the equation at the top of the screen. The equation is controlled by the graph. Pressing the and keys moves from parameter to parameter. Pressing the parameter’s values. or key changes the The default angle setting for this aplet is radians. The angle setting can be changed to degrees by pressing . Aplet library Aplets are stored in the Aplet library. To open an aplet Press to display the Aplet library menu. Select the aplet and press or .
Plot view Press to display the aplet’s Plot view. In this view, the functions that you have defined are displayed graphically. See “About the Plot view” on page 2-5 for further information. Numeric view Press to display the aplet’s Numeric view. In this view, the functions that you have defined are displayed in tabular format. See “About the numeric view” on page 2-16 for further information. Plot-Table view The VIEWS menu contains the Plot-Table view.
Overlay Plot view The VIEWS menu contains the Overlay Plot view. Select Overlay Plot Plots the current expression(s) without erasing any pre-existing plot(s). See “Other views for scaling and splitting the graph” on page 2-14 for further information. Note view Press NOTE to display the aplet’s note view. This note is transferred with the aplet if it is sent to another calculator or to a PC. A note view contains text to supplement an aplet. See “Notes and sketches” on page 15-1 for further information.
Numeric Setup Press SETUP-NUM. Sets parameters for building a table of numeric values. Symbolic Setup This view is only available in the Statistics aplet in mode, where it plays an important role in choosing data models. SETUP-SYMB . Press To change views Each view is a separate environment. To change a view, select a different view by pressing , , keys or select a view from the VIEWS menu. To change to HOME, press .
• Press to evaluate the expression you have in the edit line (where the blinking cursor is). An expression can contain numbers, functions, and variables. 2 Example 23 – 14 8 Calculate ---------------------------- ln ( 45 ) : –3 23 14 8 3 45 Long results If the result is too long to fit on the display line, or if you want to see an expression in textbook format, press to highlight it and then press . Negative numbers Type to start a negative number or to insert a negative sign.
Explicit and implicit multiplication Implied multiplication takes place when two operands appear with no operator in between. If you enter AB, for example, the result is A*B. However, for clarity, it is better to include the multiplication sign where you expect multiplication in an expression. It is clearest to enter AB as A*B. HINT Parentheses Implied multiplication will not always work as expected. For example, entering A(B+4) will not give A*(B+4).
Algebraic precedence order of evaluation Functions within an expression are evaluated in the following order of precedence. Functions with the same precedence are evaluated in order from left to right. 1. Expressions within parentheses. Nested parentheses are evaluated from inner to outer. 2. Prefix functions, such as SIN and LOG. 3. Postfix functions, such as ! 4. Power function, ^, NTHROOT. 5. Negation, multiplication, and division. 6. Addition and subtraction. 7. AND and NOT. 8. OR and XOR. 9.
When you highlight a previous input or result (by pressing ), the and menu labels appear. To copy a previous line Highlight the line (press ) and press . The number (or expression) is copied into the edit line. To reuse the last result Press ANS (last answer) to put the last result from the HOME display into an expression. ANS is a variable that is updated each time you press . To repeat a previous line To repeat the very last line, just press .
HINT When you retrieve a number from ANS, you obtain the result to its full precision. When you retrieve a number from the HOME’s display history, you obtain exactly what was displayed. Pressing evaluates (or re-evaluates) the last input, ANS copies the last result (as ANS) whereas pressing into the edit line. Storing a value in a variable You can save an answer in a variable and use the variable in later calculations. There are 27 variables available for storing real values. These are A to Z and θ.
Accessing the display history Pressing enables the highlight bar in the display history. While the highlight bar is active, the following menu and keyboard keys are very useful: Key Function , Scrolls through the display history. Copies the highlighted expression to the position of the cursor in the edit line. Displays the current expression in standard mathematical form. Deletes the highlighted expression from the display history, unless there is a cursor in the edit line.
2. Select Number Format, press options, and highlight Fraction. to display the 3. Press to select the Number Format option, then move to the precision value field. 4. Enter the precision value that you want to use, and press to set the precision. Press to HOME. to return See “Setting fraction precision” below for more information. Setting fraction precision The fraction precision setting determines the precision in which the hp 39g+ converts a decimal value to a fraction.
Fraction calculations • Precision set to 1: • Precision set to 2: • Precision set to 3: • Precision set to 4 When entering fractions: • You use the key to separate the numerator part and the denominator part of the fraction. • To enter a mixed fraction, for example, 11/2 , you enter it in the format (1+1/2). For example, to perform the following calculation: 3(23/4 + 57/8) 1. Set the Number format mode to Fraction and specify a precision value of 4.
2. Enter the calculation. 3 2 4 3 5 7 8 Note: Ensure you are in the HOME view. 3. Evaluate the calculation. Converting decimals to fractions To convert a decimal value to a fraction: 1. Set the number format mode to Fraction. 2. Either retrieve the value from the History, or enter the value on the command line. 3. Press to convert the number to a fraction.
Complex numbers Complex results The hp 39g+ can return a complex number as a result for some math functions. A complex number appears as an ordered pair (x, y), where x is the real part and y is the imaginary part. For example, entering – 1 returns (0,1). To enter complex numbers Enter the number in either of these forms, where x is the real part, y is the imaginary part, and i is the imaginary constant, – 1 : • (x, y) or • x + iy.
Catalogs and editors The hp 39g+ has several catalogs and editors. You use them to create and manipulate objects. They access features and stored values (numbers or text or other items) that are independent of aplets. • A catalog lists items, which you can delete or transmit, for example an aplet. • An editor lets you create or modify items and numbers, for example a note or a matrix. Catalog/Editor Contents Aplet library ( ) Aplets.
2 Aplets and their views Aplet views This section examines the options and functionality of the three main views for the Function, Polar, Parametric, and Sequence aplets: Symbolic, Plot, and Numeric views. About the Symbolic view The Symbolic view is the defining view for the Function, Parametric, Polar, and Sequence aplets. The other views are derived from the symbolic expression. You can create up to 10 different definitions for each Function, Parametric, Polar, and Sequence aplet.
2-2 – For a Function definition, enter an expression to define F(X). The only independent variable in the expression is X. – For a Parametric definition, enter a pair of expressions to define X(T) and Y(T). The only independent variable in the expressions is T. – For a Polar definition, enter an expression to define R(θ). The only independent variable in the expression is θ. – For a Sequence definition, either: Enter the first and second terms for U (U1, or...U9, or U0).
Evaluating expressions In aplets In the Symbolic view, a variable is a symbol only, and does not represent one specific value. To evaluate a function in Symbolic view, press . If a function calls another function, then resolves all references to other functions in terms of their independent variable. 1. Choose the Function aplet. Select Function 2. Enter the expressions in the Function aplet’s Symbolic view. A B F1 F2 3. Highlight F3(X). 4.
In HOME You can also evaluate any expression in HOME by entering it into the edit line and pressing . For example, define F4 as below. In HOME, type F4(9)and press . This evaluates the expression, substituting 9 in place of X into F4. SYMB view keys The following table details the menu keys that you use to work with the Symbolic view. Key Meaning Copies the highlighted expression to the edit line for editing. Press when done. Checks/unchecks the current expression (or set of expressions).
Key Meaning (Continued) Displays the menu for entering math operations. CHARS Displays special characters. To enter one, place the cursor on it and press . To remain in the CHARS menu and enter another special character, press . Deletes the highlighted expression or the current character in the edit line. CLEAR Deletes all expressions in the list or clears the edit line. About the Plot view After entering and selecting (check marking) the expression in the Symbolic view, press .
Plot view settings The plot view settings are: Field Meaning XRNG, YRNG Specifies the minimum and maximum horizontal (X) and vertical (Y) values for the plotting window. RES For function plots: Resolution; “Faster” plots in alternate pixel columns; “Detail” plots in every pixel column. TRNG Parametric aplet: Specifies the tvalues (T) for the graph. θRNG Polar aplet: Specifies the angle (θ) value range for the graph. NRNG Sequence aplet: Specifies the index (N) values for the graph.
Reset plot settings Field Meaning (Continued) CONNECT Connect the plotted points. (The Sequence aplet always connects them.) LABELS Label the axes with XRNG and YRNG values. AXES Draw the axes. GRID Draw grid points using XTICK and YTICK spacing. To reset the default values for all plot settings, press CLEAR in the Plot Setup view. To reset the default value for a field, highlight the field, and press .
Key Meaning (Continued) Turns menu-key labels on and off. When the labels are off, pressing turns them back on. • • • Pressing once displays the full row of labels. Pressing a second time removes the row of labels to display only the graph. Pressing a third time displays the coordinate mode. Displays the ZOOM menu list. Turns trace mode on/off. A white box appears over the on . Opens an input form for you to enter an X (or T or N or θ) value. Enter the value and press .
To jump directly to a value To jump straight to a value rather than using the Trace function, use the menu key. Press , then enter a value. Press to jump to the value. To turn trace on/off If the menu labels are not displayed, press first. • • • . Zoom within a graph Turn off trace mode by pressing . Turn on trace mode by pressing . To turn the coordinate display off, press One of the menu key options is . Zooming redraws the plot on a larger or smaller scale.
Option Meaning (Continued) Y-Zoom In Divides vertical scale only, using Y-factor. Y-Zoom Out Multiplies vertical scale only, using Y-factor. Square Changes the vertical scale to match the horizontal scale. (Use this after doing a Box Zoom, X-Zoom, or Y-Zoom.) Set Factors... Sets the X-Zoom and Y-Zoom factors for zooming in or zooming out. Includes option to recenter the plot before zooming.
ZOOM examples Option Meaning (Continued) Un-zoom Returns the display to the previous zoom, or if there has been only one zoom, un-zoom displays the graph with the original plot settings. The following screens show the effects of zooming options on a plot of 3 sin x . Plot of 3 sin x Zoom In: In Un-zoom: Un-zoom Note: Press to move to the bottom of the Zoom list. Zoom Out: Out Now un-zoom. X-Zoom In: X-Zoom In Now un-zoom.
X-Zoom Out: X-Zoom Out Now un-zoom. Y-Zoom In: Y-Zoom In Now un-zoom. Y-Zoom Out: Y-Zoom Out Zoom Square: Square To box zoom The Box Zoom option lets you draw a box around the area you want to zoom in on by selecting the endpoints of one diagonal of the zoom rectangle. 1. If necessary, press labels. 2. Press to turn on the menu-key and select Box... 3. Position the cursor on one corner of the rectangle. Press . 4. Use the cursor keys ( , etc.) to drag to the opposite corner.
5. Press to zoom in on the boxed area. To set zoom factors 1. In the Plot view, press 2. Press . . 3. Select Set Factors... and press . 4. Enter the zoom factors. There is one zoom factor for the horizontal scale (XZOOM) and one for the vertical scale (YZOOM). Zooming out multiplies the scale by the factor, so that a greater scale distance appears on the screen. Zooming in divides the scale by the factor, so that a shorter scale distance appears on the screen.
Other views for scaling and splitting the graph The preset viewing options menu ( ) contains options for drawing the plot using certain pre-defined configurations. This is a shortcut for changing Plot view settings. For instance, if you have defined a trigonometric function, then you could select Trig to plot your function on a trigonometric scale. It also contains split-screen options.
Split the screen Option Meaning (Continued) Trig Rescales horizontal axis so 1 pixel=π/24 radian, 7.58, or 81/3 grads; rescales vertical axis so 1 pixel = 0.1 unit. (Not in Sequence or Statistics aplets.) The Plot-Detail view can give you two simultaneous views of the plot. 1. Press . Select Plot-Detail and press . The graph is plotted twice. You can now zoom in on the right side. , 2. Press select the zoom method and press or . This zooms the right side.
2. To move up and down the table, use the and cursor keys. These keys move the tra.ce point left or right along the plot, and in the table, the corresponding values are highlighted. 3. To move between functions, use the and cursor keys to move the cursor from one graph to another. 4. To return to a full Numeric (or Plot) view, press (or ). Overlay plots If you want to plot over an existing plot without erasing that plot, then use Overlay Plot instead of .
Setting up the table (Numeric view setup) Press NUM to define any of the table settings. Use the Numeric Setup input form to configure the table. 1. Highlight the field to edit. Use the arrow keys to move from field to field. – If there is a number to enter, type it in and press or . To modify an existing number, press . – If there is an option to choose, press highlight your choice, and press – Aplets and their views .
Reset numeric settings To reset the default values for all table settings, press CLEAR. Exploring the table of numbers NUM view menu keys The following table details the menu keys that you use to work with the table of numbers. Key Meaning Displays ZOOM menu list. Toggles between two character sizes. Displays the defining function expression for the highlighted column. To cancel this display, press . Zoom within a table Zooming redraws the table of numbers in greater or lesser detail.
Option Meaning (Continued) Trig Changes intervals for independent variable to π/24 radian or 7.5 degrees or 81/3 grads. Starts at zero. Un-zoom Returns the display to the previous zoom. The display on the right is a Zoom In of the display on the left. The ZOOM factor is 4. HINT Automatic recalculation To jump to an independent variable value in the table, use the arrow keys to place the cursor in the independent variable column, then enter the value to jump to.
5. Enter the independent values in the left-hand column. Type in a number and press . You do not have to enter them in order, because the function can rearrange them. To insert a number between two others, use . F1 and F2 entries are generated automatically You enter numbers into the X column Clear data Press CLEAR, to erase the data from a table. “Build Your Own” menu keys Key Meaning Puts the highlighted independent value (X, T, θ, or N) into the edit line.
Example: plotting a circle Plot the circle, x 2+ y 2 = 9. First rearrange it to read 2 y = ± 9–x . To plot both the positive and negative y values, you need to define two equations as follows: y = 2 9 – x and y = – 9 – x 2 1. In the Function aplet, specify the functions. Select Function 9 9 2. Reset the graph setup to the default settings. SETUP-PLOT CLEAR 3. Plot the two functions and hide the menu so that you can see all the circle. 4. Reset the numeric setup to the default settings.
5. Display the functions in numeric form.
3 Function aplet About the Function aplet The Function aplet enables you to explore up to 10 real-valued, rectangular functions y in terms of x. For example y = 2x + 3 . Once you have defined a function you can: • create graphs to find roots, intercepts, slope, signed area, and extrema • create tables to evaluate functions at particular values. This chapter demonstrates the basic tools of the Function aplet by stepping you through an example.
Define the expressions 2. There are 10 function definition fields on the Function aplet’s Symbolic view screen. They are labeled F1(X) to F0(X). Highlight the function definition field you want to use, and enter an expression. (You can press to delete an existing line, or CLEAR to clear all lines.) 1 3 2 Set up the plot You can change the scales of the x and y axes, graph resolution, and the spacing of the axis ticks. 3. Display plot settings.
Change the scale 6. You can change the scale to see more or less of your graphs. In this example, choose Auto Scale. (See “VIEWS menu options” on page 2-14 for a description of Auto Scale). Select Auto Scale Trace a graph 7. Trace the linear function. 6 times Note: By default, the tracer is active. 8. Jump from the linear function to the quadratic function.
Analyse graph with FCN functions 9. Display the Plot view menu. From the Plot view menu, you can use the functions on the FCN menu to find roots, intersections, slopes, and areas for a function defined in the Function aplet (and any Function-based aplets). The FCN functions act on the currently selected graph. See “FCN functions” on page 3-10 for further information. To find a root of the quadratic function 10.Move the cursor to the graph of the quadratic equation by pressing the or key.
12.Choose the linear function whose intersection with the quadratic function you wish to find. The coordinates of the intersection point are displayed at the bottom of the screen. Note: If there is more than one intersection (as in our example), the coordinates of the intersection point closest to the current cursor position are displayed. To find the slope of the quadratic function 13.Find the slope of the quadratic function at the intersection point.
15.Move the cursor to x = – 1 by pressing the or key. 16.Press to accept using F2(x) = (x + 3) 2 – 2 as the other boundary for the integral. 17. Choose the end value for x. 2 The cursor jumps to x = –2 on the linear function. 18.Display the numerical value of the integral. Note: See “Shading area” on page 3-11 for another method of calculating area. To find the extremum of the quadratic 19. Move the cursor to the quadratic equation and find the extremum of the quadratic.
HINT The Root and Extremum functions return one value only even if the function has more than one root or extremum. The function finds the value closest to the position of the cursor. You need to re-locate the cursor to find other roots or extrema that may exist. Display the numeric view 20.Display the numeric view. Set up the table 21.Display the numeric setup. SETUP-NUM See “Setting up the table (Numeric view setup)” on page 2-17 for more information. 22.
To navigate around a table 24. Move to X = –5.9. To go directly to a value 25. Move directly to X = 10. To access the zoom options 26. Zoom in on X = 10 by a factor of 4. Note: NUMZOOM has a setting of 4. 6 times 10 In To change font size 27. Display table numbers in large font. To display the symbolic definition of a column 28.Display the symbolic definition for the F1 column. The symbolic definition of F1 is displayed at the bottom of the screen.
Function aplet interactive analysis From the Plot view ( ), you can use the functions on the FCN menu to find roots, intersections, slopes, and areas for a function defined in the Function aplet (and any Function-based aplets). See “FCN functions” on page 310. The FCN operations act on the currently selected graph.
FCN functions 3-10 The FCN functions are: Function Description Root Select Root to find the root of the current function nearest the cursor. If no root is found, but only an extremum, then the result is labeled EXTR: instead of ROOT:. (The root-finder is also used in the Solve aplet. See also “Interpreting results” on page 7-6.) The cursor is moved to the root value on the x-axis and the resulting x-value is saved in a variable named ROOT.
Shading area Function Description (Continued) Intersection Select Intersection to find the intersection of two graphs nearest the cursor. (You need to have at least two selected expressions in Symbolic view.) Displays the coordinate values and moves the cursor to the intersection. (Uses Solve function.) The resulting xvalue is saved in a variable named ISECT. You can shade a selected area between functions. This process also gives you an approximate measurement of the area shaded. 1.
Plotting a piecewise-defined function Suppose you wanted to plot the following piecewisedefined function. x + 2 ;x ≤ – 1 f ( x ) = x2 ;– 1 < x ≤ 1 4 – x ;x ≥ 1 1. Open the Function aplet. Select Function 2. Highlight the line you want to use, and enter the expression. (You can press line, or CLEAR to delete an existing to clear all lines.) 2 CHARS ≤ 1 CHARS > AND 1 CHARS ≤1 4 CHARS >1 Note: You can use the menu key to assist in the entry of equations.
4 Parametric aplet About the Parametric aplet The Parametric aplet allows you to explore parametric equations. These are equations in which both x and y are defined as functions of t. They take the forms x = f ( t ) and y = g ( t ) . Getting started with the Parametric aplet The following example uses the parametric equations x ( t ) = 3 sin t y ( t ) = 3 cos t Note: This example will produce a circle. For this example to work, the angle measure must be set to degrees. Open the Parametric aplet 1.
Set angle measure 3. Set the angle measure to degrees. MODES Select Degrees Set up the plot 4. Display the graphing options. PLOT The Plot Setup input form has two fields not included in the Function aplet, TRNG and TSTEP. TRNG specifies the range of t values. TSTEP specifies the step value between t values. 5. Set the TRNG and TSTEP so that t steps from 0° to 360° in 5° steps. 360 5 Plot the expression 6. Plot the expression. 7. To see all the circle, press 4-2 twice.
Overlay plot 8. Plot a triangle graph over the existing circle graph. PLOT 120 Select Overlay Plot A triangle is displayed rather than a circle (without changing the equation) because the changed value of TSTEP ensures that points being plotted are 120° apart instead of nearly continuous. You are able to explore the graph using trace, zoom, split screen, and scaling functionality available in the Function aplet. See “Exploring the graph” on page 27 for further information. Display the numbers 9.
5 Polar aplet Getting started with the Polar aplet Open the Polar aplet 1. Open the Polar aplet. Select Polar Like the Function aplet, the Polar aplet opens in the Symbolic view. Define the expression 2 2. Define the polar equation r = 2π cos ( θ ⁄ 2 ) cos ( θ ) . π 2 2 Specify plot settings 3. Specify the plot settings. In this example, we will use the default settings, except for the θRNG fields. SETUP-PLOT CLEAR 4 Plot the expression Polar aplet π 4. Plot the expression.
Explore the graph 5. Display the Plot view menu key labels. The Plot view options available are the same as those found in the Function aplet. See “Exploring the graph” on page 2-7 for further information. Display the numbers 6. Display the table of values for θ and R1. The Numeric view options available are the same as those found in the Function aplet. See “Exploring the table of numbers” on page 2-18 for further information.
6 Sequence aplet About the Sequence aplet The Sequence aplet allows you to explore sequences. You can define a sequence named, for example, U1: • in terms of n • in terms of U1(n–1) • in terms of U1(n–2) • in terms of another sequence, for example, U2(n) • in any combination of the above. The Sequence aplet allows you to create two types of graphs: – A Stairsteps graph plots n on the horizontal axis and Un on the vertical axis.
Define the expression 2. Define the Fibonacci sequence, in which each term (after the first two) is the sum of the preceding two terms: U 1 = 1 , U 2 = 1 , U n = U n – 1 + U n – 2 for n > 3 . In the Symbolic view of the Sequence aplet, highlight the U1(1) field and begin defining your sequence. 1 1 Note: You can use the , , , , and menu keys to assist in the entry of equations. Specify plot settings 3. In Plot Setup, first set the SEQPLOT option to Stairstep.
Select Cobweb Display the table Sequence aplet 6. Display the table of values for this example.
7 Solve aplet About the Solve aplet The Solve aplet solves an equation or an expression for its unknown variable. You define an equation or expression in the symbolic view, then supply values for all the variables except one in the numeric view. Solve works only with real numbers. Note the differences between an equation and an expression: • An equation contains an equals sign. Its solution is a value for the unknown variable that makes both sides have the same value.
should be solved using matrices or graphs in the Function aplet. Getting started with the Solve aplet Suppose you want to find the acceleration needed to increase the speed of a car from 16.67 m/sec (60 kph) to 27.78 m/sec (100 kph) in a distance of 100 m. The equation to solve is: 2 2 V = U + 2AD Open the Solve aplet 1. Open the Solve aplet. Select Solve The Solve aplet starts in the symbolic view. Define the equation 2. Define the equation. V U 2 A D Note: You can use the entry of equations.
4. Enter the values for the known variables. 27 78 16 67 100 HINT Solve the unknown variable If the Decimal Mark setting in the Modes input form ( MODES) is set to Comma, use instead of . 5. Solve for the unknown variable (A). Therefore, the acceleration needed to increase the speed of a car from 16.67 m/sec (60 kph) to 27.78 m/sec (100 kph) in a distance of 100 m is approximately 2.47 m/s2. Because the variable A in the equation is linear we know that we need not look for any other solutions.
6. Plot the equation for variable A. Select Auto Scale 7. Trace along the graph representing the left side of the equation until the cursor nears the intersection. 20 times Note the value of A displayed near the bottom left corner of the screen. The Plot view provides a convenient way to find an approximation to a solution instead of using the Numeric view Solve option. See “Plotting to find guesses” on page 7-7 for more information.
Key Meaning (Continued) Clears highlighted variable to zero or deletes current character in edit line, if edit line is active. CLEAR Resets all variable values to zero or clears the edit line, if cursor is in edit line. Use an initial guess You can usually obtain a faster and more accurate solution if you supply an estimated value for the unknown variable before pressing . Solve starts looking for a solution at the initial guess.
Interpreting results After Solve has returned a solution, press in the Numeric view for more information. You will see one of the following three messages. Press to clear the message. 7-6 Message Condition Zero The Solve aplet found a point where the value of the equation (or the root of the expression) is zero within the calculator’s 12-digit accuracy.
If Solve could not find a solution, you will see one of the following two messages. HINT The Root-Finder at work Message Condition Bad Guess(es) The initial guess lies outside the domain of the equation. Therefore, the solution was not a real number or it caused an error. Constant? The value of the equation is the same at every point sampled. It is important to check the information relating to the solve process.
where X is distance, V0 is initial velocity, T is time, and A is acceleration. This is actually two equations, Y = X and Y = V0 T + (AT 2) / 2. Since this equation is quadratic for T, there can be both a positive and a negative solution. However, we are concerned only with positive solutions, since only positive distance makes sense. 1. Select the Solve aplet and enter the equation. Select Solve X V T A T 2 2. Find the solution for T (time) when X=30, V=2, and A=4.
5. Move the cursor near the positive (right-side) intersection. This cursor value will be an initial guess for T. Press until the cursor is at the intersection. The two points of intersection show that there are two solutions for this equation. However, only positive values for X make sense, so we want to find the solution for the intersection on the right side of the y-axis. 6. Return to the Numeric view. Note: the T-value is filled in with the position of the cursor from the Plot view. 7.
Using variables in equations You can use any of the real variable names, A to Z and θ. Do not use variable names defined for other types, such as M1 (a matrix variable). Home variables All home variables (other than those for aplet settings, like Xmin and Ytick) are global, which means they are shared throughout the different aplets of the calculator. A value that is assigned to a home variable anywhere remains with that variable wherever its name is used.
8 Statistics aplet About the Statistics aplet The Statistics aplet can store up to ten data sets at one time. It can perform one-variable or two-variable statistical analysis of one or more sets of data. The Statistics aplet starts with the Numeric view which is used to enter data. The Symbolic view is used to specify which columns contain data and which column contains frequencies. You can also compute statistics values in HOME and recall the values of specific statistics variables.
Open the Statistics aplet 1. Open the Statistics aplet and clear existing data by pressing . Select Statistics The Statistics aplet starts in the Numerical view. 1VAR/2VAR menu key label At any time the Statistics aplet is configured for only one of two types of statistical explorations: onevariable ( ) or two-variable ( ). The 5th menu key label in the Numeric view toggles between these two options and shows the current option. 2. Select .
Choose fit and data columns 4. Select a fit in the Symbolic setup view. SETUP-SYMB Select Linear You can create up to five explorations of two-variable data, named S1 to S5. In this example, we will create just one: S1. 5. Specify the columns that hold the data you want to analyze. You could have entered your data into columns other than C1 and C2. Explore statistics 6. Find the mean advertising time (MEANX) and the mean sales (MEANY). MEANX is 3.3 minutes and MEANY is about $1796. 7.
Setup plot 8. Change the plotting range to ensure all the data points are plotted (and select a different point mark, if you wish). SETUP-PLOT 7 100 4000 Plot the graph 9. Plot the graph. Draw the regression curve 10.Draw the regression curve (a curve to fit the data points). This draws the regression line for the best linear fit. Display the equation for best linear fit 11.Return to the Symbolic view. 12. Display the equation for the best linear fit.
Predict values 13.To find the predicted sales figure if advertising were to go up to 6 minutes: S (to highlight Stat-Two) (to highlight PREDY) 6 14.Return to the Plot view. 15.Jump to the indicated point on the regression line. 6 Observe the predicted y-value in the left bottom corner of the screen.
Entering and editing statistical data The Numeric view ( ) is used to enter data into the Statistics aplet. Each column represents a variable named C0 to C9. After entering the data, you must define the data set in the Symbolic view ( ). HINT A data column must have at least four data points to provide valid two-variable statistics, or two data points for one-variable statistics. You can also store statistical data values by copying lists from HOME into Statistics data columns.
Key Meaning (Continued) Deletes the currently highlighted value. CLEAR cursor key Example Clears the current column or all columns of data. Pregss CLEAR to display a menu list, then select the current column or all columns option, and press . Moves to the first or last row, or first or last column. You are measuring the height of students in a classroom to find the mean height. The first five students have the following measurements 160cm, 165cm, 170cm, 175cm, 180cm. 1. Open the Statistics aplet.
3. Find the mean of the sample. Ensure the / menu key label reads . Press to see the statistics calculated from the sample data in C1. Note that the title of the column of statistics is H1. There are 5 data set definitions available for one-variable statistics: H1–H5. If data is entered in C1, H1 is automatically set to use C1 for data, and the frequency of each data point is set to 1. You can select other columns of data from the Statistics Symbolic setup view. 4.
Key Meaning (Continued) Displays the current variable expression in standard mathematical form. Press when done. Evaluates the variables in the highlighted column (C1, etc.) expression. Displays the menu for entering variable names or contents of variables. Displays the menu for entering math operations. Deletes the highlighted variable or the current character in the edit line. CLEAR Resets default specifications for the data sets or clears the edit line (if it was active).
5. Move the highlight bar into the right column of the H1 definition and replace the frequency value of 1 with the name C2. 2 6. Return to the numeric view. 7. Enter the frequency data shown in the above table. 5 3 8 2 1 8. Display the computed statistics. The mean height is approximately 167.63cm. 9. Setup a histogram plot for the data. SETUP-PLOT Enter set up information appropriate to your data. 10.Plot a histogram of the data. Save data 8-10 The data that you enter is automatically saved.
Edit a data set In the Numeric view of the Statistics aplet, highlight the data value to change. Type a new value and press , or press to copy the value to the edit line for modification. Press after modifying the value on the edit line. Delete data • To delete a single data item, highlight it and press . The values below the deleted cell will scroll up one row. • To delete a column of data, highlight an entry in that column and press name. • CLEAR.
Defining a regression model The Symbolic view includes an expression (Fit1 through Fit5) that defines the regression model, or “fit”, to use for the regression analysis of each two-variable data set. There are three ways to select a regression model: • Accept the default option to fit the data to a straight line. • Select one of the available fit options in Symbolic Setup view. • Enter your own mathematical expression in Symbolic view.
Fit model Meaning (Continued) Quadratic Fits to a quadratic curve, y = ax2+bx+c. Needs at least three points. Cubic Fits to a cubic curve, y = ax3+bx2+cx+d. Needs at least four points. Logistic Fits to a logistic curve, L -, y = ------------------------( – bx ) 1 + ae where L is the saturation value for growth. You can store a positive real value in L, or—if L=0—let L be computed automatically. User Defined To define your own fit Define your own expression (in Symbolic view.) 1.
Statistic Definition (Continued) MEANΣ Mean value of data set. PVARΣ Population variance of data set. SVARΣ Sample variance of data set. PSDEV Population standard deviation of data set. SSDEV Sample standard deviation of data set. MINΣ Minimum data value in data set. Q1 First quartile: median of values to left of median. MEDIAN Median value of data set. Q3 Third quartile: median of values to right of median. MAXΣ Maximum data value in data set.
Plotting Statistic Definition (Continued) ΣY2 Sum of y2-values. ΣXY Sum of each xy. SCOV Sample covariance of independent and dependent data columns. PCOV Population covariance of independent and dependent data columns CORR Correlation coefficient of the independent and dependent data columns for a linear fit only (regardless of the Fit chosen). Returns a value from 0 to 1, where 1 is the best fit. RELERR The relative error for the selected fit. Provides a measure of accuracy for the fit.
3. For any plot, but especially for a histogram, adjust the plotting scale and range in the Plot Setup view. If you find histogram bars too fat or too thin, you can adjust them by adjusting the HWIDTH setting. 4. Press . If you have not adjusted the Plot Setup yourself, you can try . select Auto Scale Auto Scale can be relied upon to give a good starting scale which can then be adjusted in the Plot Setup view. Plot types Histogram One-variable statistics.
To connect the data points as they are plotted, checkmark CONNECT in the second page of the Plot Setup. This is not a regression curve. Fitting a curve to 2VAR data In the Plot view, press . This draws a curve to fit the checked two-variable data set(s). See “To choose the fit” on page 8-12. The expression in Fit2 shows that the slope=1.98082191781 and the yintercept=2.2657. Correlation coefficient The correlation coefficient is stored in the CORR variable. It is a measure of fit to a linear curve only.
HINT In order to access the CORR and RELERR variables after you plot a set of statistics, you must press to access the numeric view and then to display the correlation values. The values are stored in the variables when you access the Symbolic view. Setting up the plot (Plot setup view) The Plot Setup view ( SETUP-PLOT) sets most of the same plotting parameters as it does for the other built-in aplets. See “Setting up the plot (Plot view setup)” on page 2-5.
• The correct view). • The correct fit (regression model), if the data set is two-variable. • Only the data sets to compute or plot are checkmarked (Symbolic view). • The correct plotting range. Try using or menu label on (Numeric Auto Scale (instead of ), or adjust the plotting parameters (in Plot Setup) for the ranges of the axes and the width of histogram bars (HWIDTH). In mode, ensure that both paired columns contain data, and that they are the same length.
Key Meaning (Continued) Turns fit mode on or off. Turning on draws a curve to fit the data points according to the current regression model. (2var statistics only) Enables you to specify a value on the line of best fit to jump to or a data point number to jump to. Displays the equation of the regression curve. Hides and displays the menu key labels. When the labels are hidden, any menu key displays the (x,y) coordinates. Pressing redisplays the menu labels.
You can type PREDX and PREDY into the edit line, or you can copy these function names from the MATH menu under the Stat-Two category. HINT Statistics aplet In cases where more than one fit curve is displayed, the PREDY function uses the most recently calculated curve. In order to avoid errors with this function, uncheck all fits except the one that you want to work with, or use the Plot View method.
9 Inference aplet About the Inference aplet The Inference capabilities include calculation of confidence intervals and hypothesis tests based on the Normal Z-distribution or Student’s t-distribution.
Inference aplet’s SYMB view keys The table below summarizes the options available in Symbolic view.
Select the inferential method 2. Select the Hypothesis Test inferential method. Select HYPOTH TEST 3. Define the type of test. Z–Test: 1 µ 4. Select an alternative hypothesis. µ< µ0 Enter data 5. Enter the sample statistics and population parameters. setup-NUM The table below lists the fields in this view for our current Z-Test: 1 µ example.
By default, each field already contains a value. These values constitute the example database and are explained in the feature of this aplet. Display on-line help 6. To display the on-line help, press 7. To close the on-line help, press . Display test results in numeric format 8. Display the test results in numeric format. The test distribution value and its associated probability are displayed, along with the critical value(s) of the test and the associated critical value(s) of the statistic.
A calculator produces the following 6 random numbers: 0.529, 0.295, 0.952, 0.259, 0.925, and 0.592 Open the Statistics aplet 1. Open the Statistics aplet and reset the current settings. Select Statistics The Statistics aplet opens in the Numeric view. Enter data 2. In the C1 column, enter the random numbers produced by the calculator. 529 295 952 259 925 592 HINT If the Decimal Mark setting in the Modes input form ( modes) is set to Comma, use instead of . 3.
Open Inference aplet 6. Open the Inference aplet and clear current settings. Select inference method and type 7. Select an inference method. Select Inference Select CONF INTERVAL 8. Select a distribution statistic type. Select T-Int: 1 µ Set up the interval calculation 9. Set up the interval calculation. Note: The default values are derived from sample data from the on-line help example.
Import the data 10.Import the data from the Statistics aplet. Note: The data from C1 is displayed by default. Note: Press to see the statistics before importing them into the Numeric Setup view. Also, if there is more than one aplet based on the Statistics aplet, you are prompted to choose one. 11.Specify a 90% confidence interval in the C: field. to move to the C: field 0.9 Display Numeric view 12.Display the confidence interval in the Numeric view. Note: The interval setting is 0.5.
Hypothesis tests You use hypothesis tests to test the validity of hypotheses that relate to the statistical parameters of one or two populations. The tests are based on statistics of samples of the populations. The hp 39g+ hypothesis tests use the Normal Z-distribution or Student’s t-distribution to calculate probabilities.
Results The results are: Result Description Test Z Z-test statistic. Prob Probability associated with the Z-Test statistic. Critical Z Boundary values of Z associated with the α level that you supplied. Critical x Boundary values of x required by the α value that you supplied. Two-Sample Z-Test Menu name Z-Test: µ1–µ2 On the basis of two samples, each from a separate population, this test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis.
Results Field name Definition σ2 Population 2 standard deviation. α Significance level. The results are: Result Description Test Z Z-Test statistic. Prob Probability associated with the Z-Test statistic. Critical Z Boundary value of Z associated with the α level that you supplied. One-Proportion Z-Test Menu name Z-Test: 1π On the basis of statistics from a single sample, this test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis.
Inputs Results The inputs are: Field name Definition x Number of successes in the sample. n Sample size. π0 Population proportion of successes. α Significance level. The results are: Result Description Test P Proportion of successes in the sample. Test Z Z-Test statistic. Prob Probability associated with the Z-Test statistic. Critical Z Boundary value of Z associated with the level you supplied.
Inputs Results The inputs are: Field name Definition X1 Sample 1 mean. X2 Sample 2 mean. n1 Sample 1 size. n2 Sample 2 size. α Significance level. The results are: Result Description Test π1–π2 Difference between the proportions of successes in the two samples. Test Z Z-Test statistic. Prob Probability associated with the Z-Test statistic. Critical Z Boundary values of Z associated with the α level that you supplied.
Inputs Results Inference aplet The inputs are: Field name Definition x Sample mean. Sx Sample standard deviation. n Sample size. µ0 Hypothetical population mean. α Significance level. The results are: Result Description Test T T-Test statistic. Prob Probability associated with the T-Test statistic. Critical T Boundary value of T associated with the α level that you supplied. Critical x Boundary value of x required by the α value that you supplied.
Two-Sample T-Test Menu name T-Test: µ1 – µ2 The Two-sample T-Test is used when the population standard deviation is not known. On the basis of statistics from two samples, each sample from a different population, this test measures the strength of the evidence for a selected hypothesis against the null hypothesis. The null hypothesis is that the two populations means are equal H 0: µ1 = µ2.
Results The results are: Result Description Test T T-Test statistic. Prob Probability associated with the T-Test statistic. Critical T Boundary values of T associated with the α level that you supplied. Confidence intervals The confidence interval calculations that the hp 39g+ can perform are based on the Normal Z-distribution or Student’s t-distribution.
Results The results are: Result Description Critical Z Critical value for Z. µ min Lower bound for µ. µ max Upper bound for µ. Two-Sample Z-Interval Menu name Z-INT: µ1– µ2 This option uses the Normal Z-distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the difference between the means of two populations, µ1– µ2, when the population standard deviations, σ1 and σ2, are known. Inputs Results 9-16 The inputs are: Field name Definition x1 Sample 1 mean. x2 Sample 2 mean. n1 Sample 1 size.
One-Proportion Z-Interval Menu name Z-INT: 1 π This option uses the Normal Z-distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the proportion of successes in a population for the case in which a sample of size, n, has a number of successes, x. Inputs Results The inputs are: Field name Definition x Sample success count. n Sample size. C Confidence level. The results are: Result Description Critical Z Critical value for Z. π Min Lower bound for π. π Max Upper bound for π.
Results Field name Definition (Continued) n1 Sample 1 size. n2 Sample 2 size. C Confidence level. The results are: Result Description Critical Z Critical value for Z. ∆ π Min Lower bound for the difference between the proportions of successes. ∆ π Max Upper bound for the difference between the proportions of successes.
Results The results are: Result Description Critical T Critical value for T. µ Min Lower bound for µ. µ Max Upper bound for µ. Two-Sample T-Interval Menu name T-INT: µ1 – µ2 This option uses the Student’s t-distribution to calculate a confidence interval for the difference between the means of two populations, µ1 – µ2, when the population standard deviations, s1and s2, are unknown. Inputs Inference aplet The inputs are: Field name Definition x1 Sample 1 mean. x2 Sample 2 mean.
Results 9-20 The results are: Result Description Critical T Critical value for T. ∆ µ Min Lower bound for µ1 – µ2. ∆ µ Max Upper bound for µ1 – µ2.
10 Using the Finance Solver The Finance Solver, or Finance aplet, is available by using the APLET key in your calculator. Use the up and down arrow keys to select the Finance aplet. Your screen should look as follows: Press the key or the soft menu key to activate the aplet. The resulting screen shows the different elements involved in the solution of financial problems with your hp 39g+ calculator. Background information on and applications of financial calculations are provided next.
Financial calculations involving compound interest include savings accounts, mortgages, pension funds, leases, and annuities. Time Value of Money (TVM) calculations, as the name implies, make use of the notion that a dollar today will be worth more than a dollar sometime in the future. A dollar today can be invested at a certain interest rate and generate a return that the same dollar in the future cannot. This TVM principle underlies the notion of interest rates, compound interest and rates of return.
modes: Begin mode and End mode. The following cash flow diagram shows lease payments at the beginning of each period. PV Capitalized value of lease } 1 PMT 2 PMT 4 3 PMT PMT 5 PMT FV The following cash flow diagram shows deposits into an account at the end of each period. FV 1 2 PMT 4 3 PMT PMT 5 PMT PMT PV As these cash-flow diagrams imply, there are five TVM variables: N The total number of compounding periods or payments. I%YR The nominal annual interest rate (or investment rate).
Performing TVM calculations PMT The periodic payment amount. The payments are the same amount each period and the TVM calculation assumes that no payments are skipped. Payments can occur at the beginning or the end of each compounding period -- an option you control by setting the Payment mode to Beg or End. FV The future value of the transaction: the amount of the final cash flow or the compounded value of the series of previous cash flows.
Example 1 - Loan calculations Suppose you finance the purchase of a car with a 5-year loan at 5.5% annual interest, compounded monthly. The purchase price of the car is $19,500, and the down payment is $3,000. What are the required monthly payments? What is the largest loan you can afford if your maximum monthly payment is $300? Assume that the payments start at the end of the first period. Solution. The following cash flow diagram illustrates the loan calculations: FV = 0 l%YR = 5.
Example 2 - Mortgage with balloon payment Suppose you have taken out a 30-year, $150,000 house mortgage at 6.5% annual interest. You expect to sell the house in 10 years, repaying the loan in a balloon payment. Find the size of the balloon payment -- the value of the mortgage after 10 years of payment. Solution. The following cash flow diagram illustrates the case of the mortgage with balloon payment: PV = $150,000 1 l%YR = 6.
Calculating Amortizations Amortization calculations, which also use the TVM variables, determine the amounts applied towards principal and interest in a payment or series of payments. To calculate amortizations: 1. Start the Finance Solver as indicated at the beginning of this section. 2. Set the following TVM variables: a Number of payments per year (P/YR) b Payment at beginning or end of periods 3. Store values for the TVM variables I%YR, PV, PMT, and FV, which define the payment schedule.
3. Press the soft menu key to amortize the new batch of payments. Repeat steps 1 through 3 as often as needed. Example 4 - Amortization for home mortgage For the results of Example 3, show the amortization of the next 10 years of the mortgage loan. First, press the soft menu key. Then, keeping 120 in the PAYMENTS field, press the soft menu key to produce the results shown below. To amortize a series of future payments starting at payment p: 1. Calculate the balance of the loan at payment p-1. 2.
11 Using mathematical functions Math functions The hp 39g+ contains many math functions. The functions are grouped in categories. For example, the Matrix category contains functions for manipulating matrices. The Probability category (shown as Prob. on the MATH menu) contains functions for working with probability. To use a math function, you enter the function onto the command line, and include the arguments in parentheses after the function. You can also select a math function from the MATH menu.
2. The list of functions (on the right) applies to the currently highlighted category (on the left). Use and to switch between the category list and the function list. 3. Highlight the name of the function you want and press . This copies the function name (and an initial parenthesis, if appropriate) to the edit line. Function categories • Calculus • Loop • Complex numbers • Matrices (Matrices) • Constant • • Hyperbolic trigonometry (Hyperb.) Polynomial (Polynom.) • Probability (Prob.
! For a description, see “COMB(5,2) returns 10. That is, there are ten different ways that five things can be combined two at a time.!” on page 11-12. ∑ For a description, see “Σ” on page 11-10. EEX ∫ x For a description, see “Scientific notation (powers of 10)” on page 1-20. For a description, see “ ∫ ” on page 11-7. –1 The multiplicative inverse function finds the inverse of a square matrix, and the multiplicative inverse of a real or complex number.
10x Exponential (antilogarithm). Also accepts complex numbers. 10^value Example 10^3 returns 1000 Common logarithm. Also accepts complex numbers. LOG(value) Example LOG(100) returns 2 , , Sine, cosine, tangent. Inputs and outputs depend on the current angle format (Degrees, Radians, or Grads). SIN(value) COS(value) TAN(value) Example TAN(45) returns 1 (Degrees mode). ASIN Arc sine: sin–1x. Output range is from –90° to 90°, –π/2 to π/2, or –100 to 100 grads.
ATAN Arc tangent: tan–1x. Output range is from –90° to 90°, 2π/2 to π/2, or –100 to 100 grads. Inputs and outputs depend on the current angle format. Also accepts complex numbers. ATAN(value) Example ATAN(1) returns 45 (Degrees mode). Square. Also accepts complex numbers. value2 Example 182 returns 324 Square root. Also accepts complex numbers. value Example 324 returns 18 Negation. Also accepts complex numbers. –value Example -(1,2) returns (-1,-2) Power (x raised to y). Also accepts complex numbers.
n Takes the nth root of x. root NTHROOT value Example 3 NTHROOT 8 returns 2 Calculus functions The symbols for differentiation and integration are available directly form the keyboard— and S respectively—as well as from the MATH menu. ∂ Differentiates expression with respect to the variable of differentiation. From the command line, use a formal name (S1, etc.) for a non-numeric result. See “Finding derivatives” on page 11-21.
TAYLOR Calculates the nth order Taylor polynomial of expression at the point where the given variable = 0. TAYLOR (expression, variable, n) Example TAYLOR(1 + sin(s1)2,s1,5)with Radians angle measure and Fraction number format (set in MODES) returns 1+s1^2-1/3*s1^4. Complex number functions These functions are for complex numbers only. You can also use complex numbers with all trigonometric and hyperbolic functions, and with some real-number and keyboard functions.
Constants The hp 39g+ has an internal numeric representation for these constants. e Natural logarithm base. Internally represented as 2.71828182846. e i Imaginary value for – 1 , the complex number (0,1). i MAXREAL Maximum real number. Internally represented as 9.99999999999 x 10499. MAXREAL MINREAL Minimum real number. Internally represented as 1x10-499. MINREAL π Internally represented as 3.14159265359.
TANH Hyperbolic tangent. TANH(value) ALOG Antilogarithm (exponential). This is more accurate than 10^x due to limitations of the power function. ALOG(value) EXP x Natural exponential. This is more accurate than e due to limitations of the power function. EXP(value) EXPM1 x Exponent minus 1 : e – 1 . This is more accurate than EXP when x is close to zero. EXPM1(value) LNP1 Natural log plus 1 : ln(x+1). This is more accurate than the natural logarithm function when x is close to zero.
RECURSE Provides a method of defining a sequence without using the Symbolic view of the Sequence aplet. If used with | (“where”), RECURSE will step through the evaluation. RECURSE(sequencename, termn, term1, term2) Example RECURSE(U,U(N-1)*N,1,2) U1(N) Stores a factorial-calculating function named U1. When you enter U1(5), for example, the function calculates 5! (120). Σ Summation. Finds the sum of expression with respect to variable from initialvalue to finalvalue.
POLYEVAL Polynomial evaluation. Evaluates a polynomial with the specified coefficients for the value of x. POLYEVAL([coefficients], value) Example For x4+2x3–25x2–26x+120: POLYEVAL([1,2,-25,-26,120],8) returns 3432. POLYFORM Polynomial form. Creates a polynomial in variable1 from expression. POLYFORM(expression, variable1) Example POLYFORM((X+1)^2+1,X) returns X^2+2*X+2. POLYROOT Polynomial roots. Returns the roots for the nth-order polynomial with the specified n+1 coefficients.
Probability functions COMB Number of combinations (without regard to order) of n things taken r at a time: n!/(r!(n-r)). COMB(n, r) Example COMB(5,2) returns 10. That is, there are ten different ways that five things can be combined two at a time.! Factorial of a positive integer. For non-integers, ! = Γ(x + 1). This calculates the gamma function. value! PERM Number of permutations (with regard to order) of n things taken r at a time: n!/(r!(n-r)! PERM (n, r) Example PERM(5,2) returns 20.
UTPF Upper-Tail Snedecor’s F Probability given numerator degrees of freedom and denominator degrees of freedom (of the F distribution), evaluated at value. Returns the probability that a Snedecor's F random variable is greater than value. UTPF(numerator, denominator, value) UTPN Upper-Tail Normal Probability given mean and variance, evaluated at value. Returns the probability that a normal random variable is greater than value for a normal distribution.
FNROOT Function root-finder (like the Solve aplet). Finds the value for the given variable at which expression most nearly evaluates to zero. Uses guess as initial estimate. FNROOT(expression, variable, guess) Example FNROOT(M*9.8/600-1,M,1) returns 61.2244897959. FRAC Fractional part. FRAC(value) Example FRAC (23.2) returns .2 HMS→ Hours-minutes-seconds to decimal. Converts a number or expression in H.MMSSs format (time or angle that can include fractions of a second) to x.
MAX Maximum. The greater of two values. MAX(value1, value2) Example MAX(210,25) returns 210 MIN Minimum. The lesser of two values. MIN(value1, value2) Example MIN(210,25) returns 25 MOD Modulo. The remainder of value1/value2. value1 MOD value2 Example 9 MOD 4 returns 1 % x percent of y; that is, x/100*y. %(x, y) Example %(20,50) returns 10 %CHANGE Percent change from x to y, that is, 100(y–x)/x. %CHANGE(x, y) Example %CHANGE(20,50) returns 150 %TOTAL Percent total : (100)y/x.
ROUND Rounds value to decimal places. Accepts complex numbers. ROUND(value, places) Round can also round to a number of significant digits as showed in example 2. Examples ROUND(7.8676,2) returns 7.68 ROUND (0.0036757,-3) returns 0.00368 SIGN Sign of value. If positive, the result is 1. If negative, –1. If zero, result is zero. For a complex number, this is the unit vector in the direction of the number. SIGN(value) SIGN((x, y)) Examples SIGN (–2) returns –1 SIGN((3,4)) returns (.6,.
Symbolic functions The symbolic functions are used for symbolic manipulations of expressions. The variables can be formal or numeric, but the result is usually in symbolic form (not a number). You will find the symbols for the symbolic functions = and | (where) in the CHARS menu CHARS) as well as the MATH menu. ( = (equals) Sets an equality for an equation. This is not a logical operator and does not store values. (See “Test functions” on page 11-18.
QUOTE Encloses an expression that should not be evaluated numerically. QUOTE(expression) Examples QUOTE(SIN(45)) F1(X) stores the expression SIN(45) rather than the value of SIN(45). Another method is to enclose the expression in single quotes. For example, X^3+2*X F1(X) puts the expression X^3+2*X into F1(X) in the Function aplet. | (where) Evaluates expression where each given variable is set to the given value. Defines numeric evaluation of a symbolic expression.
≥ Greater than or equal to. Returns 1 if true, 0 if false. value1≥value2 AND Compares value1 and value2. Returns 1 if they are both non-zero, otherwise returns 0. value1 AND value2 IFTE If expression is true, do the trueclause; if not, do the falseclause. IFTE(expression, trueclause, falseclause) Example IFTE(X>0,X2,X3) NOT Returns 1 if value is zero, otherwise returns 0. NOT value OR Returns 1 if either value1 or value2 is non-zero, otherwise returns 0. value1 OR value2 XOR Exclusive OR.
SEC Secant: 1/cosx. SEC(value) Symbolic calculations The hp 39g+ has the ability to perform symbolic calculations, for example, symbolic integration and differentiation. You can perform symbolic calculations in HOME and in the Function aplet. In HOME When you perform calculations that contain normal variables, the calculator substitutes values for any variables.
Symbolic calculations in the Function aplet You can perform symbolic operations in the Function aplet’s Symbolic view. For example, to find the derivative of a function in the Function aplet’s Symbolic view, you define two functions and define the second function as a derivative of the first function. You then evaluate the second function. See “To find derivatives in the Function aplet’s Symbolic view” on page 11-22 for an example.
3. Show the result. hp 39g+ To find derivatives in the Function aplet’s Symbolic view To find the derivative of the function in the Function aplet’s Symbolic view, you define two functions and define the second function as a derivative of the first function. For 2 example, to differentiate sin ( x ) + 2 cos x : 1. Access the Function aplet’s Symbolic view and define F1. 2 2. Define F2(X) as the derivative of F(1). F1 3. Select F2(X) and evaluate it. 4. Press to display the result.
To find the indefinite integral using formal variables For example, to find the indefinite integral of ∫ 3x 2 – 5 dx use: ∫ (0 , S 1, 3 X 2 − 5, X ) 1. Enter the function. 0 S1 X 3 5 X 2. Show the result format. 3. Press to close the show window. 4. Copy the result and evaluate.
The ‘extra’ constant of 6.4 results from the substitution of x = 0 into (x – 2)5/5, and should be disregarded if an indefinite integral is required.
12 Variables and memory management Introduction The hp 39g+ has approximately 232K of user memory. The calculator uses this memory to store variables, perform computations, and store history. A variable is an object that you create in memory to hold data. The hp 39g+ has two types of variables, home variables and aplet variables. • Home variables are available in all aplets. For example, you can store real numbers in variables A to Z and complex numbers in variables Z0 to Z9.
Storing and recalling variables You can store numbers or expressions from a previous input or result into variables. Numeric Precision A number stored in a variable is always stored as a 12digit mantissa with a 3-digit exponent. Numeric precision in the display, however, depends on the display mode (Standard, Fixed, Scientific, Engineering, or Fraction). A displayed number has only the precision that is displayed.
5. Enter a name for the variable. A 6. Press to store the result. The results of a calculation can also be stored directly to a variable. For example: 2 5 3 B To recall a value To recall a variable’s value, type the name of the variable and press . A To use variables in calculations You can use variables in calculations.
The VARS menu You use the VARS menu to access all variables in the calculator. The VARS menu is organised by category. For each variable category in the left column, there is a list of variables in the right column. You select a variable category and then select a variable in the category. 1. Open the VARS menu. 2. Use the arrow keys or press the alpha key of the first letter in the category to select a variable category. For example, to select the Matrix category, press .
5. Choose whether to place the variable name or the variable value on the command line. – Press to indicate that you want the variable’s contents to appear on the command line. – Press to indicate that you want the variable’s name to appear on the command line. 6. Press to place the value or name on the command line. The selected object appears on the command line. Note: The VARS menu can also be used to enter the names or values of variables into programs.
4. Enter data for L2. 55 90 5. Press 48 77 86 to access HOME. 6. Open the variable menu and select L1. 7. Copy it to the command line. Note: Because the option is highlighted, the variable’s name, rather than its contents, is copied to the command line. 8. Insert the + operator and select the L2 variable from the List variables. 9. Store the answer in the List catalog L3 variable. L3 Note: You can also type list names directly from the keyboard.
Home variables It is not possible to store data of one type in a variable of another type. For example, you use the Matrix catalog to create matrices. You can create up to ten matrices, and you can store these in variables M0 to M9. You cannot store matrices in variables other than M0 to M9. Category Complex Available names Z0 to Z9 For example, (1,2) Z0 or 2+3i Z1. You can enter a complex number by typing (r,i), where r represents the real part, and i represents the imaginary part.
Aplet variables To access an aplet variable Aplet variables store values that are unique to a particular aplet. These include symbolic expressions and equations (see below), settings for the Plot and Numeric views, and the results of some calculations such as roots and intersections. See the Reference Information chapter for more information about aplet variables. Category Available names Function F0 to F9 (Symbolic view). See “Function aplet variables” on page R-7.
6. To copy the value of the variable into the edit and line, press press . Memory Manager You can use the Memory Manager to determine the amount of available memory on the calculator. You can also use Memory Manager to organize memory. For example, if the available memory is low, you can use the Memory Manager to determine which aplets or variables consume large amounts of memory. You can make deletions to free up memory. Example 1. Start the Memory Manager. A list of variable categories is displayed.
13 Matrices Introduction You can perform matrix calculations in HOME and in programs. The matrix and each row of a matrix appear in brackets, and the elements and rows are separated by commas. For example, the following matrix: 1 2 3 4 5 6 is displayed in the history as: [[1,2,3],[4,5,6]] (If the Decimal Mark mode is set to Comma, then separate each element and each row with a period.) You can enter matrices directly in the command line, or create them in the matrix editor.
Creating and storing matrices You can create, edit, delete, send, and receive matrices in the Matrix catalog. To open the Matrix catalog, press MATRIX. You can also create and store matrices—named or unnamed—-in HOME. For example, the command: POLYROOT([1,0,–1,0])XM1 stores the root of the complex vector of length 3 into the M1 variable.
To create a matrix in the Matrix Catalog 1. Press MATRIX to open the Matrix Catalog. The Matrix catalog lists the 10 available matrix variables, M0 to M9. 2. Highlight the matrix variable name you want to use and press . 3. Select the type of matrix to create. – For a vector (one-dimensional array), select Real vector or Complex vector. Certain operations (+, –, CROSS) do not recognize a one-dimensional matrix as a vector, so this selection is important.
A matrix is listed with two dimensions, even if it is 3×1. A vector is listed with the number of elements, such as 3. To transmit a matrix You can send matrices between calculators just as you can send aplets, programs, lists, and notes. 1. Align the hp 39g+ calculators’ infrared ports. 2. Open the Matrix catalogs on both calculators. 3. Highlight the matrix to send. 4. Press . 5. Press on the receiving calculator.
Key Meaning (Continued) Moves to the first row, last row, first column, or last column respectively. To display a matrix • • In the Matrix catalog ( matrix name and press MATRIX), highlight the . In HOME, enter the name of the matrix variable and press . To display one element In HOME, enter matrixname(row,column). For example, if M2 is [[3,4],[5,6]], then M2(1,2) returns 4. To create a matrix in HOME 1. Enter the matrix in the edit line.
To store one element In HOME, enter, value matrixname(row,column). For example, to change the element in the first row and second column of M5 to 728, then display the resulting matrix: 728 M5 1 2 M5 . An attempt to store an element to a row or column beyond the size of the matrix results in an error message. Matrix arithmetic You can use the arithmetic functions (+, –, ×, / ) with matrix arguments. Division left-multiplies by the inverse of the divisor.
3. Add the matrices that you created. M1 M2 To multiply and divide by a scalar For division by a scalar, enter the matrix first, then the operator, then the scalar. For multiplication, the order of the operands does not matter. The matrix and the scalar can be real or complex.
To divide the two matrices M1 and M2 that you created for the previous example, press the following keys: M1 M2 To invert a matrix You can invert a square matrix in HOME by typing the matrix (or its variable name) and pressing x–1 . Or you can use the matrix INVERSE command. Enter INVERSE(matrixname) in HOME and press . To negate each element You can change the sign of each element in a matrix by pressing before the matrix name.
4. Create a new matrix. Select Real matrix 5. Enter the equation coefficients. 2 3 4 1 1 1 4 1 2 In this example, the matrix you created is listed as M2. 6. Return to HOME and enter the calculation to left-multiply the constants vector by the inverse of the coefficients matrix. M2 x –1 M1 The result is a vector of the solutions: • x = 2 • y = 3 • z = –2 An alternative method, is to use the RREF function. See “RREF” on page 13-12.
About commands • Functions always produce and display a result. They do not change any stored variables, such as a matrix variable. • Functions have arguments that are enclosed in parentheses and separated by commas; for example, CROSS(vector1,vector2). The matrix input can be either a matrix variable name (such as M1) or the actual matrix data inside brackets. For example, CROSS(M1,[1,2]). Matrix commands are listed in the CMDS menu ( CMDS), in the matrix category.
DET Determinant of a square matrix. DET(matrix) DOT Dot Product of two arrays, matrix1 matrix2. DOT(matrix1, matrix2) EIGENVAL Displays the eigenvalues in vector form for matrix. EIGENVAL(matrix) EIGENVV Eigenvectors and Eigenvalues for a square matrix. Displays a list of two arrays. The first contains the eigenvectors and the second contains the eigenvalues. EIGENVV(matrix) IDENMAT Identity matrix.
calculation for each element substitutes the current row number for I and the current column number for J. MAKEMAT(expression, rows, columns) Example MAKEMAT(0,3,3) returns a 3×3 zero matrix, [[0,0,0],[0,0,0],[0,0,0]]. QR QR Factorization. Factors an m×n matrix into three matrices: {[[m×m orthogonal]],[[m×n uppertrapezoidal]],[[n×n permutation]]}. QR(matrix) RANK Rank of a rectangular matrix. RANK(matrix) ROWNORM Row Norm.
SVD Singular Value Decomposition. Factors an m × n matrix into two matrices and a vector: {[[m × m square orthogonal]],[[n × n square orthogonal]], [real]}. SVD(matrix) SVL Singular Values. Returns a vector containing the singular values of matrix. SVL(matrix) TRACE Finds the trace of a square matrix. The trace is equal to the sum of the diagonal elements. (It is also equal to the sum of the eigenvalues.) TRACE(matrix) TRN Transposes matrix. For a complex matrix, TRN finds the conjugate transpose.
Reduced-Row Echelon Form The following set of equations x – 2y + 3z = 14 2x + y – z = – 3 4x – 2y + 2z = 14 can be written as the augmented matrix 1 – 2 3 14 2 1 –1 –3 4 – 2 2 14 which can then stored as a 3 × 4 real matrix in any matrix variable. M1 is used in this example. You can use the RREF function to change this to reduced row echelon form, storing it in any matrix variable. M2 is used in this example. The reduced row echelon matrix gives the solution to the linear equation in the fourth column.
14 Lists You can do list operations in HOME and in programs. A list consists of comma-separated real or complex numbers, expressions, or matrices, all enclosed in braces. A list may, for example, contain a sequence of real numbers such as {1,2,3}. (If the Decimal Mark mode is set to Comma, then the separators are periods.) Lists represent a convenient way to group related objects. There are ten list variables available, named L0 to L9. You can use them in calculations or expressions in HOME or in a program.
3. Enter the values you want in the list, pressing after each one. Values can be real or complex numbers (or an expression). If you enter a calculation, it is evaluated and the result is inserted in the list. 4. When done, press or press List catalog keys LIST to see the List catalog, to return to HOME. The list catalog keys are: Key Meaning Opens the highlighted list for editing. Transmits the highlighted list to another hp 39g+ or a PC.
List edit keys When you press to create or change a list, the following keys are available to you: Key Meaning Copies the highlighted list item into the edit line. Inserts a new value before the highlighted item. Deletes the highlighted item from the list. CLEAR or Create a list in HOME Clears all elements from the list. Moves to the end or the beginning of the list. 1. Enter the list on the edit line. Start and end the list with braces (the shifted and keys) and separate each element with a comma. 2.
Displaying and editing lists To display a list • In the List catalog, highlight the list name and press . • In HOME, enter the name of the list and press . To display one element In HOME, enter listname(element#). For example, if L2 is {3,4,5,6}, then L2(2) returns 4. To edit a list 1. Open the List catalog. LIST. 2. Press or to highlight the name of the list you to display the want to edit (L1, etc.) and press list contents. 3. Press or to highlight the element you want to edit.
To insert an element in a list 1. Open the List catalog. LIST. 2. Press or to highlight the name of the list you want to edit (L1, etc.) and press to display the list contents. New elements are inserted above the highlighted position. In this example, an element, with the value of 9, is inserted between the first and second elements in the list. 3. Press to the insertion position, then press , and press 9. 4. Press To store one element Lists . In HOME, enter value listname(element).
Deleting lists To delete a list In the List catalog, highlight the list name and press . You are prompted to confirm that you want to delete the contents of the highlighted list variable. Press to delete the contents. To delete all lists In the List catalog, press CLEAR. Transmitting lists You can send lists to calculators or PCs just as you can aplets, programs, matrices, and notes. 1. Align the hp 39g+ calculators’ infrared ports. 2. Open the List catalogs on both calculators. 3.
• If Decimal Mark in Modes is set to Comma, use periods to separate arguments. For example, CONCAT(L1.L2). Common operators like +, –, ×, and / can take lists as arguments. If there are two arguments and both are lists, then the lists must have the same length, since the calculation pairs the elements. If there are two arguments and one is a real number, then the calculation pairs the number with each element of the list. Example 5*{1,2,3} returns {5,10,15}.
MAKELIST Calculates a sequence of elements for a new list. Evaluates expression with variable from begin to end values, taken at increment steps. MAKELIST(expression,variable,begin,end, increment) The MAKELIST function generates a series by automatically producing a list from the repeated evaluation of an expression. Example In HOME, generate a series of squares from 23 to 27. L MAKELIST Select A A 27 ΠLIST 23 1 Calculates the product of all elements in list.
SIZE Calculates the number of elements in a list. SIZE(list) Also works with matrices. ΣLIST Calculates the sum of all elements in list. ΣLIST(list) Example ΣLIST({2,3,4}) returns 9. SORT Sorts elements in ascending order. SORT(list) Finding statistical values for list elements To find values such as the mean, median, maximum, and minimum values of the elements in a list, use the Statistics aplet.
2. In HOME, store L1 into C1. You will then be able to see the list data in the Numeric view of the Statistics aplet. L1 C1 3. Start the Statistics aplet, and select 1-variable mode (press , if necessary, to display ). Select Statistics Note: Your list values are now in column 1 (C1). 4. In the Symbolic view, define H1 (for example) as C1 (sample) and 1 (frequency). 5. Go to the Numeric view to display calculated statistics. See “One-variable” on page 8-13 for the meaning of each computed statistic.
15 Notes and sketches Introduction The hp 39g+ has text and picture editors for entering notes and sketches. • Each aplet has its own independent Note view and Sketch view. Notes and sketches that you create in these views are associated with the aplet. When you save the aplet, or send it to another calculator, the notes and sketches are saved or sent as well. • The Notepad is a collection of notes independent of all aplets. These notes can also be sent to another calculator via the Notepad Catalog.
Note edit keys Key Meaning Space key for text entry. Displays next page of a multi-page note. Alpha-lock for letter entry. Lower-case alpha-lock for letter entry. Backspaces cursor and deletes character. Deletes current character. Starts a new line. CLEAR Erases the entire note. Menu for entering variable names, and contents of variables. Menu for entering math operations, and constants. 15-2 CMDS Menu for entering program commands. CHARS Displays special characters.
Aplet sketch view You can attach pictures to an aplet in its Sketch view ( SKETCH). Your work is automatically saved with the aplet. Press any other view key or to exit the Sketch view Sketch keys Key Meaning Stores the specified portion of the current sketch to a graphics variable (G1 through G0). Adds a new, blank page to the current sketch set. Displays next sketch in the sketch set. Animates if held down. Opens the edit line to type a text label. Displays the menu-key labels for drawing.
To draw a box 1. In Sketch view, press and move the cursor to where you want any corner of the box to be. 2. Press . 3. Move the cursor to mark the opposite corner for the box. You can adjust the size of the box by moving the cursor. 4. Press To draw a circle to finish the box. 1. In Sketch view, press and move the cursor to where you want the center of the circle to be. 2. Press . This turns on circle drawing. 3. Move the cursor the distance of the radius. 4. Press to draw the circle.
To label parts of a sketch 1. Press and type the text on the edit line. To lock the Alpha shift on, press (for uppercase) or (for lowercase). To make the label a smaller character size, turn off before pressing .( is a toggle between small and large font size). The smaller character size cannot display lowercase letters. 2. Press . 3. Position the label where you want it by pressing the , 4. Press , , keys. again to affix the label. 5. Press to continue drawing, or press to exit the Sketch view.
To import a graphics variable You can copy the contents of a graphics variable into the Sketch view of an aplet. 1. Open the Sketch view of the aplet ( The graphic will be copied here. 2. Press , . 3. Highlight Graphic, then press name of the variable (G1, etc.). 4. Press variable. SKETCH). and highlight the to recall the contents of the graphics 5. Move the box to where you would like to copy the graphic, then press . The notepad Subject to available memory, you can store as many NOTEPAD).
4. Write your note. See “Note edit keys” on page 15-2 for more information on the entry and editing of notes. 5. When you are finished, press or an aplet key to exit Notepad. Your work is automatically saved. Notepad Catalog keys Key Meaning Opens the selected note for editing. Begins a new note, and asks for a name. Transmits the selected note to another hp 39g+ or PC. Receives a note being transmitted from another hp 39g+ or PC. Deletes the selected note.
To import a note You can import a note from the Notepad into an aplet’s Note view, and vice versa. Suppose you want to copy a note named “Assignments” from the Notepad into the Function Note view: 1. In the Function aplet, display the Note view ( NOTE). 2. Press , highlight Notepad in the left column, then highlight the name “Assignments” in the right column. 3. Press to copy the contents of “Assignments” to the Function Note view. Note: To recall the name instead of the contents, press instead of .
16 Programming Introduction This chapter describes how to program using the hp 39g+. In this chapter you’ll learn about: HINT The Contents of a Program • using the Program catalog to create and edit programs • programming commands • storing and retrieving variables in programs • programming variables. More information on programming, including examples and special tools, can be found at HP’s calculators web site: http://www.hp.
Example RUN GETVALUE: RUN CALCULATE: RUN "SHOW ANSWER": This program is separated into three main tasks, each an individual program. Within each program, the task can be simple—or it can be divided further into other programs that perform smaller tasks. Program catalog The Program catalog is where you create, edit, delete, send, receive, or run programs.
Program catalog keys The program catalog keys are: Key Meaning Opens the highlighted program for editing. Prompts for a new program name, then opens an empty program. Transmits the highlighted program to another hp 39g+ or to a disk drive. Receives the highlighted program from another hp 39g+ or from a disk drive. Runs the highlighted program. or Moves to the beginning or end of the Program catalog. Deletes the highlighted program. CLEAR Programming Deletes all programs in the program catalog.
Creating and editing programs Create a new program 1. Press 2. Press PROGRM to open the Program catalog. . The hp 39g+ prompts you for a name. A program name can contain special characters, such as a space. However, if you use special characters and then run the program by typing it in HOME, you must enclose the program name in double quotes (" "). Don't use the " symbol within your program name. 3. Type your program name, then press . When you press , the Program Editor opens. 4.
2. On the left, use or to highlight a command category, then press to access the commands in the category. Select the command that you want. 3. Press editor. Edit a program to paste the command into the program 1. Press PROGRM to open the Program catalog. 2. Use the arrow keys to highlight the program you want to edit, and press . The hp 39g+ opens the Program Editor. The name of your program appears in the title bar of the display. You can use the following keys to edit your program.
Editing keys The editing keys are: Key Meaning Inserts the editing point. character at the Inserts space into text. Displays previous page of the program. Displays next page of the program. Moves up or down one line. Moves right or left one character. Alpha-lock for letter entry. Press A...Z to lock lower case. Backspaces cursor and deletes character. Deletes current character. Starts a new line. CLEAR Erases the entire program.
Using programs Run a program From HOME, type RUN program_name. or From the Program catalog, highlight the program you want to run and press Regardless of where you start the program, all programs run in HOME. What you see will differ slightly depending on where you started the program. If you start the program from HOME, the hp 39g+ displays the contents of Ans (Home variable containing the last result), when the program has finished.
Copy a program You can use the following procedure if you want to make a copy of your work before editing—or if you want to use one program as a template for another. 1. Press 2. Press PROGRM to open the Program catalog. . 3. Type a new file name, then choose . The Program Editor opens with a new program. 4. Press to open the variables menu. 5. Press to quickly scroll to Program. 6. Press copy. , then highlight the program you want to 7. Press , then press .
Delete a program To delete a program: 1. Press PROGRM to open the Program catalog. 2. Highlight a program to delete, then press Delete all programs You can delete all programs at once. CLEAR. 1. In the Program catalog, press 2. Press Delete the contents of a program . . You can clear the contents of a program without deleting the program name. 1. Press PROGRM to open the Program catalog. 2. Highlight a program, then press 3. Press CLEAR, then press . . 4.
4. Develop a program that uses the SETVIEWS command to modify the aplet’s VIEWS menu. The menu options provide links to associated programs. You can specify any other programs that you want transferred with the aplet. See “SETVIEWS” on page 16-14 for information on the command. 5. Ensure that the customized aplet is selected, then run the menu configuration program to configure the aplet’s VIEWS menu. 6. Test the customized aplet and debug the associated programs. (Refer to “Debug a program” on page 16-7).
Save the aplet 1. Open the Function aplet and save it as “EXPERIMENT”. The new aplet appears in the Aplet library. Select Function EXPERIMENT 2. Create a program called EXP.ME1 with contents as shown. This program configures the plot ranges, then runs a program that allows you to set the angle format. 3. Create a program called EXP.ME2 with contents as shown. This program sets the numeric view options for the aplet, and runs the program that you can use to configure the angle mode. 4.
6. Open the Program catalog and create a program named “EXP.SV”. Include the following code in the program. Each entry line after the command SETVIEWS is a trio that consists of a VIEWS menu text line (a space indicates none), a program name, and a number that defines the view to go to after the program has run its course. All programs listed here will transfer with an aplet when the aplet is transferred. SETVIEWS ’’’’; ’’’’;18; Sets the first menu option to be “Auto scale”.
’’’’;’’EXP.ANG’’;0; The program EXP.ANG is a small routine that is called by other programs that the aplet uses. This entry specifies that the program EXP.ANG is transferred when the aplet is transferred, but the space in the first quotes ensures that no entry appears on the menu. ’’START’’;’’EXP.S’’;7: This specifies the Start menu option. The program that is associated with this entry, EXP.S, runs automatically when you start the aplet.
Aplet commands CHECK Checks (selects) the corresponding function in the current aplet. For example, Check 3 would check F3 if the current aplet is Function. Then a checkmark would appear next to F3 in Symbolic view, F3 would be plotted in Plot view, and evaluated in Numeric view. CHECK n: SELECT Selects the named aplet and makes it the current aplet. Note: Quotes are needed if the name contains spaces or other special characters.
options use, or the program that defines the aplet’s VIEWS menu. • You can include a “Start” option in the VIEWS menu to specify a program that you want to run automatically when the aplet starts. This program typically sets up the aplet’s initial configuration. The START option on the menu is also useful for resetting the aplet.
ProgramName ProgramName is the name of the program that runs when the corresponding menu entry is selected. All programs that are identified in the aplet’s SETVIEWS command are transferred when the aplet is transmitted. ViewNumber ViewNumber is the number of a view to start after the program finishes running. For example, if you want the menu option to display the Plot view when the associated program finishes, you would specify 1 as the ViewNumber value.
View numbers The Function aplet views are numbered as follows: UNCHECK 0 HOME 11 List Catalog 1 Plot 12 Matrix Catalog 2 Symbolic 13 Notepad Catalog 3 Numeric 14 Program Catalog 4 Plot-Setup 15 Plot-Detail 5 Symbolic-Setup 16 Plot-Table 6 Numeric-Setup 17 Overlay Plot 7 Views 18 Auto scale 8 Note 19 Decimal 9 Sketch view 20 Integer 10 Aplet Catalog 21 Trig Unchecks (unselects) the corresponding function in the current aplet.
IF... THEN... ELSE... END Executes the true-clause sequence of commands if the testclause is true, or the false-clause sequence of commands if the test-clause is false. IF test-clause THEN true-clause ELSE false-clause END Example 1XA : IF A==1 THEN MSGBOX "A EQUALS 1" : ELSE MSGBOX "A IS NOT EQUAL TO 1" : END CASE...END Executes a series of test-clause commands that execute the appropriate true-clause sequence of commands.
RUN Runs the named program. If your program name contains special characters, such as a space, then you must enclose the file name in double quotes (" "). RUN "program name": or RUN programname: STOP Stops the current program. STOP: Drawing commands The drawing commands act on the display. The scale of the display depends on the current aplet's Xmin, Xmax, Ymin, and Ymax values. The following examples assume the hp 39g+ default settings with the Function aplet as the current aplet.
ERASE Clears the display ERASE: FREEZE Halts the program, freezing the current display. Execution resumes when any key is pressed. LINE Draws a line from (x1, y1) to (x2, y2). LINE x1;y1;x2;y2: PIXOFF Turns off the pixel at the specified coordinates (x,y). PIXOFF x;y: PIXON Turns on the pixel at the specified coordinates (x,y). PIXON x;y: TLINE Toggles the pixels along the line from (x1, y1) to (x2, y2) on and off.
→DISPLAY Displays graphic from graphicname in the display. →DISPLAY graphicname: →GROB Creates a graphic from expression, using font_size, and stores the resulting graphic in graphicname. Font sizes are 1, 2, or 3. If the fontsize argument is 0, the hp 39g+ creates a graphic display like that created by the SHOW operation. →GROB graphicname;expression; fontsize: GROBNOT Replaces graphic in graphicname with bitwise-inverted graphic.
→PLOT Puts graph from graphicname into the Plot view display. →PLOT graphicname: REPLACE Replaces portion of graphic in graphicname1 with graphicname2, starting at position. REPLACE also works for lists and matrices. REPLACE graphicname1;(position);graphicname2: SUB Extracts a portion of the named graphic (or list or matrix), and stores it in a new variable, name. The portion is specified by position and positions.
WHILE… REPEAT… END While ... Repeat ... End is a loop command that repeatedly evaluates test-clause and executes loop-clause sequence if the test is true. Because the test-clause is executed before the loop-clause, the loop-clause is not executed if the test is initially false. Its syntax is: WHILE test-clause REPEAT loop-clause END 1 X A: WHILE A < 12 REPEAT A+1 X A END FOR…TO…STEP ...
DELCOL Delete Column. Deletes the specified column from the specified matrix. DELCOL name;column_number: DELROW Delete Row. Deletes the specified row from the specified matrix. DELROW name;row_number: EDITMAT Starts the Matrix Editor and displays the specified matrix. If used in programming, returns to the program when user presses . EDITMAT name: RANDMAT Creates random matrix with a specified number of rows and columns and stores the result in name (name must be M0...M9).
SUB Extracts a sub-object—a portion of a list, matrix, or graphic from object—and stores it into name. start and end are each specified using a list with two numbers for a matrix, a number for vector or lists, or an ordered pair, (X,Y), for graphics. SUB name;object;start;end: SWAPCOL Swaps Columns. Exchanges column1 and column2 of the specified matrix. SWAPCOL name;column1;column2: SWAPROW Swap Rows. Exchanges row1 and row2 in the specified matrix.
CHOOSE Creates a choose box, which is a box containing a list of options from which the user chooses one. Each option is numbered, 1 through n. The result of the choose command is to store the number of the option chosen in a variable. The syntax is CHOOSE default_option_number; title; option1; option2 ; ...
Examples 5.152000 X DATE(sets the date to May 15, 2000). 10.1500 X TIME (sets the time to 10:15 am). EDITMAT Matrix Editor. Opens the Matrix editor for the specified matrix. Returns to the program when user presses EDITMAT matrixname: The EDITMAT command can also be used to create matrices. 1. Press CMDS M 1, and then press 2. Press . The Matrix catalog opens with M1 available for editing. EDITMAT matrixname is a shortcut to opening the matrix editor with matrixname.
Example INPUT R; "Circular Area"; "Radius"; "Enter Number";1: MSGBOX Displays a message box containing textitem. A text item consists of any number of expressions and quoted strings of text. The expressions are evaluated and turned into strings of text. For example, "AREA IS:" 2 +2 becomes AREA IS: 4. Use CHARS to type the quote marks " ". MSGBOX textitem: Example 1 X A: MSGBOX "AREA IS: "π*A^2: You can also use the NoteText variable to provide text arguments. This can be used to insert line breaks.
Stat-One commands DO1VSTATS Calculates STATS using datasetname and stores the results in the corresponding variables: NΣ, TotΣ, MeanΣ, PVarΣ, SVarΣ, PSDev, SSDev, MinΣ, Q1, Median, Q3, and MaxΣ. Datasetname can be H1, H2, ..., or H5. Datasetname must include at least two data points. DO1VSTATS datasetname: SETFREQ Sets datasetname frequency according to column or value. Datasetname can be H1, H2,..., or H5, column can be C0–C9 and value can be any positive integer.
Storing and retrieving variables in programs The hp 39g+ has both Home variables and Aplet variables. Home variables are used for real numbers, complex numbers, graphics, lists, and matrices. Home variables keep the same values in HOME and in aplets. Aplet variables are those whose values depend on the current aplet. The aplet variables are used in programming to emulate the definitions and settings you make when working with aplets interactively.
Coord Function Parametric Polar Sequence Solve Statistics Extremum Function FastRes Function Solve Turns the coordinate-display mode in Plot view on or off. From Plot view, use the Menu mean key to toggle coordinate display on an off. In a program, type 1 0 X X Coord—to turn coordinate display on (default). Coord—to turn coordinate display off. Contains the last value found by the Extremum operation in the Plot-FCN menu.
Hwidth Statistics Sets the width of histogram bars. From Plot Setup in 1VAR stats set a value for Hwidth or In a program, type n Indep All Aplets X Hwidth Defines the value of the independent variable used in tracing mode. In a program, type n InvCross All Aplets X Indep Toggles between solid crosshairs or inverted crosshairs. (Inverted is useful if the background is solid). From Plot Setup, check (or uncheck) InvCross or In a program, type: 1 0 Isect X X InvCross—to invert the crosshairs.
Nmin / Nmax Sequence Defines the minimum and maximum independent variable values. Appears as the NRNG fields in the Plot Setup input form. From Plot Setup, enter values for NRNG. or In a program, type n 1 XNmin n 2 XNmax where n 2 > n 1 Recenter All Aplets Recenters at the crosshairs locations when zooming. From Plot-Zoom-Set Factors, check (or uncheck) Recenter or In a program, type 1 0 Root X X Recenter— to turn recenter on (default). Recenter—to turn recenter off.
Simult Function Parametric Polar Sequence Enables you to choose between simultaneous and sequential graphing of all selected expressions. From Plot Setup, check (or uncheck) _SIMULT or In a program, type 1 0 Slope Function StatPlot Statistics X X Simult—for simultaneous graphing. Simult—for sequential graphing. Contains the last value found by the Slope function in the Plot-FCN menu. Enables you to choose types of 1-variable statistics plot between Histogram or Box-and-Whisker.
Tmin / Tmax Parametric Sets the minimum and maximum independent variable values. Appears as the TRNG field in the Plot Setup input form. From Plot Setup, enter values for TRNG. or In a program, type n1 X Tmin n2 X Tmax where n 2 > n 1 Tracing All Aplets Turns the tracing mode on or off in Plot view. In a program, type 1 0 Tstep Parametric X X Tracing—to turn Tracing mode on (default). Tracing—to turn Tracing mode off. Sets the step size for the independent variable.
Xtick All Aplets Sets the distance between tick marks for the horizontal axis. From the Plot Setup input form, enter a value for Xtick. or In a program, type n Ytick All Aplets X Xtick where n > 0 Sets the distance between tick marks for the vertical axis. From the Plot Setup input form, enter a value for Ytick. or In a program, type n Xmin / Xmax All Aplets X Ytick where n > 0 Sets the minimum and maximum horizontal values of the plot screen.
Xzoom All Aplets Sets the horizontal zoom factor. From Plot-ZOOM-Set Factors, enter the value for XZOOM. or In a program, type n X XZOOM where n > 0 Yzoom All Aplets Sets the vertical zoom factor. From Plot-ZOOM-Set Factors, enter the value for YZOOM. or In a program, type n X YZOOM Symbolic-view variables Angle All Aplets Sets the angle mode. From Symbolic Setup, choose Degrees, Radians, or Grads for angle measure. or In a program, type 1 X Angle —for Degrees. F1...
R1...R9, R0 Polar Can contain any expression. Independent variable is θ. Example '2*SIN(2*θ)' U1...U9, U0 Sequence X R1(θ) Can contain any expression. Independent variable is N. Example RECURSE (U,U(N-1)*N,1,2) E1...E9, E0 Solve X U1(N) Can contain any equation or expression. Independent variable is selected by highlighting it in Numeric View. Example 'X+Y*X-2=Y' S1fit...S5fit Statistics X E1 Sets the type of fit to be used by the FIT operation in drawing the regression line.
Numeric-view variables The following aplet variables control the Numeric view. The value of the variable applies to the current aplet only. C1...C9, C0 Statistics C0 through C9, for columns of data. Can contain lists. Enter data in the Numeric view or In a program, type LIST XCn where n = 0, 1, 2, 3 ... 9 Digits All Aplets Number of decimal places to use for Number format. From Solve’s Numeric Setup view, enter a value in the second field of Number Format.
Except in the Solve aplet, the value of Format takes effect only after the current aplet is saved with a new name. Until then, HFormat is in effect. Example Scientific X Format or 3 X Format NumCol Sets the column to be highlighted in Numeric view. All Aplets except Statistics aplet In a program, type n X NumCol where n can be 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9.
NumStep Function Parametric Polar Sequence Sets the step size (increment value) for an independent variable in Numeric view. From Num Setup, enter a value for NUMSTEP. or In a program, type n X NumStep where n > 0 NumType Function Parametric Polar Sequence Sets the table format. From Num Setup, choose Automatic or Build Your Own. or In a program, type 0 1 NumZoom Function Parametric Polar Sequence X X NumType for Build Your Own. NumType for Automatic (default).
Note variables The following aplet variable is available in Note view. NoteText All Aplets Use NoteText to recall text previously entered in Note view. Sketch variables The following aplet variables are available in Sketch view. Page All Aplets Sets a page in a sketch set. A sketch set can contain up to 10 graphics. The graphics can be viewed one at a time using the and keys. The Page variable refers to the currently displayed page of a sketch set.
17 Extending aplets Aplets are the application environments where you explore different classes of mathematical operations. You can extend the capability of the hp 39g+ in the following ways: • Create new aplets, based on existing aplets, with specific configurations such as angle measure, graphical or tabular settings, and annotations. • Transmit aplets between hp 39g+ calculators via an infra red link. • Download e-lessons (teaching aplets) from Hewlett-Packard’s Calculator web site.
1. Open the Solve aplet and save it under the new name. Solve | TRIANGLES 2. Enter the four formulas: θ O H θ A H θ O A A B C 3. Decide whether you want the aplet to operate in Degrees, Radians, or Grads. MODES Degrees 4. View the Aplet Library. The “TRIANGLES” aplet is listed in the Aplet Library. The Solve aplet can now be reset and used for other problems.
Using a customized aplet To use the “Triangles” aplet, simply select the appropriate formula, change to the Numeric view and solve for the missing variable. Find the length of a ladder leaning against a vertical wall if it forms an angle of 35o with the horizontal and extends 5 metres up the wall. 1. Select the aplet. TRIANGLES 2. Choose the sine formula in E1. 3. Change to the Numeric view and enter the known values. 35 5 4. Solve for the missing value. The length of the ladder is approximately 8.
Annotating an aplet with notes The Note view ( NOTE) attaches a note to the current aplet. See Chapter 15, “Notes and sketches”. Annotating an aplet with sketches The Sketch view ( SKETCH) attaches a picture to the current aplet. See chapter 15, “Notes and sketches”. HINT Notes and sketches that you attach to an aplet become part of the aplet. When you transfer the aplet to another calculator, the associated note and sketch are transferred as well.
To transmit an aplet 1. Connect the PC or aplet disk drive to the calculator by cable or align the two calculators’ infrared ports by matching up the triangle marks on the rims of the calculators. Place the calculators no more than 2 inches (5 cm) apart. 2. Sending calculator: Open the Library, highlight the aplet to send, and press . – You have two options: another hp 39g+ or a disk drive on a PC. Highlight your selection and press .
To sort the aplet list To delete an aplet In the aplet library, press and press . . Select the sorting scheme • Chronologically produces a chronological order based on the date an aplet was last used. (The lastused aplet appears first, and so on.) • Alphabetically produces an alphabetical order by aplet name. You cannot delete a built-in aplet. You can only clear its data and reset its default settings.
R Reference information Glossary Reference information aplet A small application, limited to one topic. The built-in aplet types are Function, Parametric, Polar, Sequence, Solve, and Statistics. An aplet can be filled with the data and solutions for a specific problem. It is reusable (like a program, but easier to use) and it records all your settings and definitions. command An operation for use in programs. Commands can store results in variables, but do not display results.
R-2 list A set of values separated by commas (periods if the Decimal Mark mode is set to Comma) and enclosed in braces. Lists are commonly used to enter statistical data and to evaluate a function with multiple values. Created and manipulated by the List editor and catalog. matrix A two-dimensional array of values separated by commas (periods if the Decimal Mark mode is set to Comma) and enclosed in nested brackets. Created and manipulated by the Matrix catalog and editor.
views The possible contexts for an aplet: Plot, Plot Setup, Numeric, Numeric Setup, Symbolic, Symbolic Setup, Sketch, Note, and special views like split screens. Resetting the hp 39g+ If the calculator “locks up” and seems to be stuck, you must reset it. This is much like resetting a PC. It cancels certain operations, restores certain conditions, and clears temporary memory locations.
If the calculator does not turn on If the hp 39g+ does not turn on follow the steps below until the calculator turns on. You may find that the calculator turns on before you have completed the procedure. If the calculator still does not turn on, please contact Customer Support for further information. 1. Press and hold the key for 10 seconds. 2. Press and hold the key and the third menu key simultaneously. Release the third menu key, then release the key. 3.
To install the main batteries a. Slide up the battery compartment cover as illustrated. To install the backup battery a. Press down the holder. Push the plate to the shown direction and lift it. b. Insert 3 new AAA(LR03) batteries into the main compartment. Make sure each battery is inserted in the indicated direction. Plate Holder b. Insert a new CR2032 lithium battery. Make sure its positive (+) side is facing up. c. Replace the plate and push it to the original place.
Variables Home variables The home variables are: R-6 Category Available name Complex Z1...Z9, Z0 Graphic G1...G9, G0 Library Function Parametric Polar Sequence Solve Statistics User-named List L1...L9, L0 Matrix M1...M9, M0 Modes Ans Date HAngle HDigits HFormat Ierr Time Notepad User-named Program Editline User-named Real A...
Function aplet variables The function aplet variables are: Reference information Category Available name Plot Axes Connect Coord FastRes Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Simult Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Plot-FCN Area Extremum Isect Root Slope Symbolic Angle F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F0 Numeric Digits Format NumCol NumFont NumIndep NumRow NumStart NumStep NumType NumZoom Note NoteText Sketch Page PageNum R-7
Parametric aplet variables The parametric aplet variables are: R-8 Category Available name Plot Axes Connect Coord Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Simult Tmin Tmax Tracing Tstep Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yzoom Symbolic Angle X1 Y1 X2 Y2 X3 Y3 X4 Y4 X5 Y5 X6 Y6 X7 Y7 X8 Y8 X9 Y9 X0 Y0 Numeric Digits Format NumCol NumFont NumIndep NumRow NumStart NumStep NumType NumZoom Note NoteText Sketch Page PageNum Reference information
Polar aplet variables The polar aplet variables are: Reference information Category Available names Plot Axes Connect Coord Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Simult Umin Umax θstep Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Symbolic Angle R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R0 Numeric Digits Format NumCol NumFont NumIndep NumRow NumStart NumStep NumType NumZoom Note NoteText Sketch Page PageNum R-9
Sequence aplet variables The sequence aplet variables are: R-10 Category Available name Plot Axes Coord Grid Indep InvCross Labels Nmin Nmax Recenter SeqPlot Simult Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yzoom Symbolic Angle U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U0 Numeric Digits Format NumCol NumFont NumIndep NumRow NumStart NumStep NumType NumZoom Note NoteText Sketch Page PageNum Reference information
Solve aplet variables The solve aplet variables are: Reference information Category Available name Plot Axes Connect Coord FastRes Grid Indep InvCross Labels Recenter Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Symbolic Angle E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E0 Numeric Digits Format NumCol NumRow Note NoteText Sketch Page PageNum R-11
Statistics aplet variables The statistics aplet variables are: R-12 Category Available name Plot Axes Connect Coord Grid Hmin Hmax Hwidth Indep InvCross Labels Recenter S1mark S2mark S3mark S4mark S5mark StatPlot Tracing Xcross Ycross Xtick Ytick Xmin Xmax Ymin Ymax Xzoom Yxoom Symbolic Angle S1fit S2fit S3fit S4fit S5fit Numeric C0,...
MATH menu categories Math functions The math functions are: Category Available name Calculus ∂ ∫ TAYLOR Reference information Complex ARG CONJ IM RE Constant e i MAXREAL MINREAL π Hyperb.
R-14 Category Available name (Continued) Matrix COLNORM COND CROSS DET DOT EIGENVAL EIGENVV IDENMAT INVERSE LQ LSQ LU MAKEMAT QR RANK ROWNORM RREF SCHUR SIZE SPECNORM SPECRAD SVD SVL TRACE TRN Polynom. POLYCOEF POLYEVAL POLYFORM POLYROOT Prob.
Category Available name (Continued) Tests < ≤ == ≠ > ≥ AND IFTE NOT OR XOR Trig ACOT ACSC ASEC COT CSC SEC Program constants The program constants are: Reference information Category Available name Angle Degrees Grads Radians Format Standard Fixed SeqPlot Cobweb Stairstep S1...
Program commands The program commands are: R-16 Category Command Aplet CHECK SELECT SETVIEWS UNCHECK Branch IF THEN ELSE END CASE IFERR RUN STOP Drawing ARC BOX ERASE FREEZE LINE PIXOFF PIXON TLINE Graphic DISPLAY→ →DISPLAY →GROB GROBNOT GROBOR GROBXOR MAKEGROB PLOT→ →PLOT REPLACE SUB ZEROGROB Loop FOR = TO STEP END DO UNTIL END WHILE REPEAT END BREAK Matrix ADDCOL ADDROW DELCOL DELROW EDITMAT RANDMAT REDIM REPLACE SCALE SCALEADD SUB SWAPCOL SWAPROW Print PRDISPLAY PRHISTORY PRVAR Pro
Status messages Reference information Message Meaning Bad Argument Type Incorrect input for this operation. Bad Argument Value The value is out of range for this operation. Infinite Result Math exception, such as 1/0. Insufficient Memory You must recover some memory to continue operation. Delete one or more matrices, lists, notes, or programs (using catalogs), or custom (not builtin) aplets (using MEMORY). Insufficient Statistics Data Not enough data points for the calculation.
R-18 Message Meaning (Continued) No Equations Checked You must enter and check an equation (Symbolic view) before evaluating this function. (OFF SCREEN) Function value, root, extremum, or intersection is not visible in the current screen. Receive Error Problem with data reception from another calculator. Resend the data. Too Few Arguments The command requires more arguments than you supplied. Undefined Name The global variable named does not exist.
Limiting Warranty hp 39g+ Graphing Calculator; Warranty period: 12 months 1. HP warrants to you, the end-user customer, that HP hardware, accessories and supplies will be free from defects in materials and workmanship after the date of purchase, for the period specified above. If HP receives notice of such defects during the warranty period, HP will, at its option, either repair or replace products which prove to be defective. Replacement products may be either new or like-new. 2.
6. HP MAKES NO OTHER EXPRESS WARRANTY OR CONDITION WHETHER WRITTEN OR ORAL. TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY LOCAL LAW, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF MERCHANTABILITY, SATISFACTORY QUALITY, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE IS LIMITED TO THE DURATION OF THE EXPRESS WARRANTY SET FORTH ABOVE. Some countries, states or provinces do not allow limitations on the duration of an implied warranty, so the above limitation or exclusion might not apply to you.
Service Europe Country : Telephone numbers Austria +43-1-3602771203 Belgium +32-2-7126219 Denmark +45-8-2332844 Eastern Europe countries +420-5-41422523 Finland +35-89640009 France +33-1-49939006 Germany +49-69-95307103 Greece +420-5-41422523 Holland +31-2-06545301 Italy +39-02-75419782 Norway +47-63849309 Portugal +351-229570200 Spain +34-915-642095 Sweden +46-851992065 Switzerland +41-1-4395358 (German) +41-22-8278780 (French) +39-02-75419782 (Italian) Turkey +420-5-41422
L.America Country : Telephone numbers Argentina 0-810-555-5520 Brazil Sao Paulo 3747-7799; ROTC 0-800-157751 Mexico Mx City 5258-9922; ROTC 01-800-472-6684 Venezuela 0800-4746-8368 Chile 800-360999 Columbia 9-800-114726 Peru 0-800-10111 Central America & Caribbean 1-800-711-2884 Guatemala 1-800-999-5105 Puerto Rico 1-877-232-0589 Costa Rica 0-800-011-0524 N.America Country : Telephone numbers U.S.
Regulatory information This section contains information that shows how the hp 39g+ graphing calculator complies with regulations in certain regions. Any modifications to the calculator not expressly approved by Hewlett-Packard could void the authority to operate the 39g+ in these regions. USA This calculator generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and may interfere with radio and television reception.
Disposal of Waste Equipment by Users in Private Household in the European Union W-6 This symbol on the product or on its packaging indicates that this product must not be disposed of with your other household waste. Instead, it is your responsibility to dispose of your waste equipment by handing it over to a designated collection point for the recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment.
Index A absolute value 11-5 add 11-3 algebraic entry 1-19 alpha characters typing 1-6 alphabetical sorting 17-6 angle measure 1-10 in statistics 8-12 setting 1-12 animation 15-5 creating 15-5 annunciators 1-3 Ans (last answer) 1-24 antilogarithm 11-4, 11-9 aplet attaching notes 17-4 clearing 17-3 copying 17-4 definition of R-1 deleting 17-6 Function 11-21 Inference 9-1 key 1-4 library 17-5 opening 1-16 Parametric 4-1 Polar 5-1 receiving 17-5 resetting 17-3 sending 17-4, 17-5 Sketch view 15-1 Solve 7-1 sorti
chronological sorting 17-6 circle drawing 15-4 clearing aplet 17-3 characters 1-22 display 1-22 display history 1-25 edit line 1-22 lists 14-6 plot 2-7 cobweb graph 6-1 coefficients polynomial 11-10 columns changing position 16-25 combinations 11-12 commands aplet 16-14 branch 16-17 definition of R-1 drawing 16-19 graphic 16-20 loop 16-22 print 16-25 program 16-4, R-16 stat-one 16-28 stat-two 16-29 with matrices 13-10 complex number functions 11-5, 11-16 conjugate 11-7 imaginary part 11-7 real part 11-7 com
definition of 11-6 in Function aplet 11-22 in Home 11-21 determinant square matrix 13-11 differentiation 11-6 display 16-20 adjusting contrast 1-2 annunciator line 1-2 capture 16-20 clearing 1-2 date and time 16-26 element 13-5 elements 14-4 engineering 1-11 fixed 1-11 fraction 1-11 history 1-22 line 1-23 matrices 13-5 parts of 1-2 printing contents 16-25 rescaling 2-14 scientific 1-11 scrolling through history 1-25 soft key labels 1-2 standard 1-11 divide 11-3 drawing circles 15-4 keys 15-4 lines and boxes
gamma 11-12 intersection point 3-5 math menu R-13 slope 3-5 syntax 11-2 tracing 2-8 Function aplet 2-21, 3-1 function variables area 16-30 axes 16-30 connect 16-30 fastres 16-31 grid 16-31 in menu map R-7 indep 16-32 isect 16-32 labels 16-33 Recenter 16-33 root 16-33 ycross 16-36 G glossary R-1 graph analyzing statistical data in 8-19 auto scale 2-14 box-and-whisker 8-16 capture current display 16-20 cobweb 6-1 comparing 2-5 connected points 8-17 defining the independent variable 16-35 drawing axes 2-7 exp
I i 11-8 implied multiplication 1-21 importing graphics 15-6 notes 15-8 increasing display contrast 1-2 indefinite integral using symbolic variables 11-23 independent values adding to table 2-19 independent variable defined for Tracing mode 16-32 inference confidence intervals 9-15 hypothesis tests 9-8 One-Proportion Z-Interval 9-17 One-Sample Z-Interval 9-15 One-Sample Z-Test 9-8 Two-Proportion Z-Interval 9-17 Two-Proportion Z-Test 9-11 Two-Sample T-Interval 9-19 Two-Sample Z-Interval 9-16 infinite result
logarithmic fit 8-13 functions 11-3 logical operators AND 11-19 equals (logical test) 11-18 greater than 11-18 greater than or equal to 11-19 IFTE 11-19 less than 11-18 less than or equal to 11-18 NOT 11-19 not equal to 11-18 OR 11-19 XOR 11-19 logistic fit 8-13 loop commands BREAK 16-23 DO...UNTIL...END 16-22 FOR I= 16-23 WHILE...REPEAT...
variables 13-1 matrix functions 13-10 COLNORM 13-10 COND 13-10 CROSS 13-10 DET 13-11 DOT 13-11 EIGENVAL 13-11 EIGENVV 13-11 IDENMAT 13-11 INVERSE 13-11 LQ 13-11 LSQ 13-11 LU 13-11 MAKEMAT 13-11 QR 13-12 RANK 13-12 ROWNORM 13-12 RREF 13-12 SCHUR 13-12 SIZE 13-12 SPECNORM 13-12 SPECRAD 13-12 SVD 13-13 SVL 13-13 TRACE 13-13 TRN 13-13 maximum real number 1-22, 11-8 memory R-17 clearing all R-3 organizing 12-9 out of R-18 saving 1-25, 17-1 viewing 12-1 menu lists searching 1-8 minimum real number 11-8 modes angl
order of precedence 1-21 overlaying plots 2-16, 4-3 P π 11-8 paired columns 8-11 parametric variables axes 16-30 connect 16-30 grid 16-31 in menu map R-8 indep 16-32 labels 16-33 recenter 16-33 ycross 16-36 parentheses to close arguments 1-21 to specify order of operation 1-21 pause 16-28 permutations 11-12 pictures attaching in Sketch view 15-3 plot analyzing statistical data in 8-19 auto scale 2-14 box-and-whisker 8-16 cobweb 6-1 comparing 2-5 connected points 8-17, 8-18 decimal scaling 2-14 defining the
precedence 1-22 predicted values statistical 8-20 print contents of display 16-25 name and contents of variable 16-25 object in history 16-25 variables 16-25 probability functions ! 11-12 COMB 11-12 RANDOM 11-12 UTPC 11-12 UTPF 11-13 UTPN 11-13 UTPT 11-13 program commands 16-4 copying 16-8 creating 16-4 debugging 16-7 deleting 16-9 delimiters 16-1 editing 16-5 naming 16-4 pausing 16-28 printing 16-25 sending and receiving 16-8 structured 16-1 prompt commands beep 16-25 create choose box 16-26 create input f
interactive 3-10 nth 11-6 variable 16-33 root-finding displaying 7-7 interactive 3-9 operations 3-10 variables 3-10 S S1mark-S5mark variables 16-33 scaling automatic 2-14 decimal 2-10, 2-14 integer 2-10, 2-14, 2-16 options 2-14 resetting 2-14 trigonometric 2-15 scatter plot 8-15, 8-16 connected 8-17, 8-18 SCHUR decomposition 13-12 scientific number format 1-11, 1-20 scrolling in Trace mode 2-8 searching menu lists 1-8 speed searches 1-8 secant 11-20 sending aplets 17-4 lists 14-6 programs 16-8 sequence def
data structure 16-39 define one-variable sample 16-29 define two-variable data set’s dependent column 16-29 define two-variable data set’s independent column 16-29 defining a fit 8-12 defining a regression model 8-12 deleting data 8-11 editing data 8-11 frequency 16-29 inserting data 8-11 plot type 8-18 plotting data 8-15 predicted values 8-20 regression curve (fit) models 8-12 saving data 8-10 sorting data 8-11 specifying angle setting 8-12 toggling between one-variable and two-variable 8-12 tracing plots
ACOT 11-19 ACSC 11-19 ASEC 11-19 COT 11-19 CSC 11-19 SEC 11-20 trng 2-6 truncating values to decimal places 11-16 tstep 2-6, 16-35 Two-Proportion Z-Interval 9-17 Two-Proportion Z-Test 9-11 Two-Sample T-Interval 9-19 Two-Sample T-test 9-14 Two-Sample Z-Interval 9-16 typing letters 1-6 U undefined name R-18 result R-18 un-zoom 2-11 upper-tail chi-squared probability 11-12 upper-tail normal probability 11-13 upper-tail Snedecor’s F 11-13 upper-tail student’s t-probability 11-13 user defined regression fit 8-1
