User Manual

Contents

Contents ...............................................................................................................4

Introduction .........................................................................................................7

Section 1: Using _ Effectively ..................................................................9

Finding Roots .........................................................................................................................9

How _ Samples ............................................................................................................9

Handling Troublesome Situations ........................................................................................11

Easy Versus Hard Equations .............................................................................................11

Inaccurate Equations .........................................................................................................12

Equations With Several Roots ..........................................................................................12

Using _ With Polynomials .........................................................................................12

Solving a System of Equations .............................................................................................16

Finding Local Extremes of a Function .................................................................................18

Using the Derivative .........................................................................................................18

Using an Approximate Slope ............................................................................................20

Using Repeated Estimation ...............................................................................................22

Applications ..........................................................................................................................24

Annuities and Compound Amounts ..................................................................................24

Discounted Cash Flow Analysis .......................................................................................34

Section 2: Working with f .......................................................................... 40

Numerical Integration Using f ........................................................................................40

Accuracy of the Function to be Integrated ...........................................................................41

Functions Related to Physical Situations ..........................................................................42

Round-Off Error in Internal Calculations .........................................................................42

Shortening Calculation Time ................................................................................................43

Subdividing the Interval of Integration .............................................................................43

Transformation of Variables .............................................................................................47

Evaluating Difficult Integrals ...............................................................................................48

Application ...........................................................................................................................51

Section 3: Calculating in Complex Mode ...................................................... 56

Using Complex Mode ...........................................................................................................56

Trigonometric Modes ...........................................................................................................58

Definitions of Math Functions ..............................................................................................59

Arithmetic Operations .......................................................................................................59

Single Valued Functions ...................................................................................................59

Multivalued Functions ......................................................................................................59

Using _ and f in Complex Mode ..........................................................................63

Accuracy in Complex Mode .................................................................................................63