User Guide

The smaller index mark with letter "R" is used for shooting on infra-red films. In such a case you focus the image and
introduce a correction by bringing the distance figure you have obtained opposite to the index mark "R".
Focusing over, you can determine distances from the film plane to the near and far limits of the depth of field making use of
scales 27 and 28. On scale 27 against two identical figures of scale 28 corresponsing to the aperture with which you are
going to take pictures there will be set two figures, indicating the distance range within which all the subjects will be sharp
on film. For example, the lens is focused for 3 m and the aperture to be used is that of 8. In such a case on scale 27 against
two figures 8 of scale 28 you can read that the image will be sharp within the distance range of 2.3 to 4.5 m.
Approximate depth-of-field limits can be determined visually as well by pressing the release button till a definite stop is felt
with the aperture value set beforehand. On the ground glass collar of the viewfinder you will see what subjects will be sharp
on film.
2.6. EXPOSURE SETTING WITH THE HELP OF EXPOSURE METER
The camera semi-automatic exposure meter measures the light passing through the lens (TTL system). As a result, making
use of various combinations of aperture and shutter speed values, you can set the exposure depending upon the brightness
of an object and the speed of film being used with a high degree of accuracy. It remains true as well when interchangeable
lenses, light filters, supplementary lenses and extension tubes are used. For more accurate exposure determination in
conditions of poor brightness of the subject to be photographed the lens cap should be removed a bit earlier, before
shooting.
Looking through the viewfinder eyepiece in such a way that the whole its frame could be clearly seen, press the release
button 4 till a definite stop is felt but not till the shutter "firing", should it be cocked, and hold the button in this position. On
the right-hand side of the viewfinder light- emitting diodes can be seen.
There are two modifications of cameras: one with two red and the other one green and two red diodes.
1. Exposure setting in cameras with two-diode indication.
Lighting of the upper diode indicates over-exposure and the lower one - underexposure. Turn the aperture setting ring 32
and the shutter speed dial 17 till the moment when both of the diodes are lighting. It indicates the best possible combination
of the shutter speed and aperture providing for correct exposure. However, if you fail to obtain simulnateous blinking of both
of the diodes, and changing the shutter speed and aperture values over between the two neighbouring ones results in
switching from one diode to the other, you may select one of these values. In such case the exposure will still be acceptably
correct.
2. Exposure setting in cameras with three-diode indication.
Lighting of the upper (red) diode indicates over-exposure and of the lower (red) one - under-exposure. Turn the aperture
setting ring 32 and shutter speed dial 17 till the moment when the middle (green) diode is lighting continuously. It indicates
the best possible combination of the shutter speed and aperture providing for correct exposure. However, if you fail to obtain
continuous blinking of the middle (green) diode, and changing the shutter speed and aperture values over between the two
neighbouring ones results in switching the lighting from one red diode to the other red one, you may select one of these
values. In such a case the exposure will be still acceptably correct.
2.7. PICTURE TAKING
Having prepared the camera for picture taking, cock the shutter, make sure of correct focusing, framing and exposure
setting and smoothly press the release button to take a picture.
BEAR IN MIND that sharp pressure on the release button results in camera shaking at the moment of exposure and thus in
blurring of the picture.
When taking pictures see to it that index marks on the release button and the camera top plate (between "T" and "V")
should be lined up.
To take a picture with long exposure mount the camera on a tripod, set the shutter speed dial 17 at "B", slightly press
release button 5 (the shutter should be set beforehand in the "ready to fire" position) and turn it counter-clockwise as far as
it will go ("T" position).
The exposure over, return the button to its normal (middle) position and release it. As a result the shutter will close.
2.8. CAMERA UNLOADING
When the exposure counter shows figure 36, rewind the film into the cassette.
To do this:
- release the shutter, pressing release button 5;
- press bush 6 downwards as far as it will go;
- flip open crank 12 and rotate it in the arrow direction until the film leaves the take-up spool. Try and rotate the crank
smoothly, without jerks, and not too fast to avoid traces of static electricity on film;
- pull rewind knob 11 all the way out, open the back door and remove the cassette;
- turn the cocking lever 19 and, holding the sprocket teeth 24 with your finger, make sure that it is engaged.
Do not try to take more than 36 shots. However if it has happened and the film, fixed in the cassette, prevents full shutter
cocking, unload the camera in the following way:
- press button 6 and hold it down rewinding the film into the cassette;
- remove the cassette;