DOC022.52.
Table of Contents Specifications ..................................................................................................................................................................................5 General information .....................................................................................................................................................................6 Safety information ...........................................................................................
Table of Contents Prepare the sample ..........................................................................................................................................................................22 Prepare a representative sample ..............................................................................................................................................22 Remove air bubbles from the sample ..........................................................................................
Table of Contents Advanced operation ..................................................................................................................................................................32 Calibrate the turbidimeter with formazin standards ..........................................................................................................................32 Prepare formazin standards .........................................................................................................
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Specifications Specification Details Specifications are subject to change without notice. Repeatability ±1% of reading or 0.01 NTU, whichever is greater (under reference conditions) Response time Signal averaging off: 6.8 seconds Specification Details Measurement method Nephelometric Regulatory Meets EPA Method 180.
Specification Details Sample cells Round cells 95 x 25 mm (3.74 x 1 in.) borosilicate glass with rubber-lined screw caps Note: Smaller sample cells (less than 25 mm) can be used when a cell adapter is used. Sample requirements 25 mm sample cell: 20 mL minimum 0 to 95 °C (32 to 203 °F) Note: Refer to Use a cell adapter on page 29 for the minimum sample size when not using a 25 mm sample cell. Enclosure High-impact polycarbonate plastic Dimensions 30.5 x 40 x 15.6 cm (12.0 x 15.7 x 6.1 in.
on the instrument, will be included with a danger or caution statement in the manual. This symbol, if noted on the instrument, references the instruction manual for operation and/or safety information. Electrical equipment marked with this symbol may not be disposed of in European public disposal systems after 12 August of 2005.
Product components Figure 1 Front overview Refer to Figure 3 to make sure that all components have been received. If any of these items are missing or damaged, contact the manufacturer or a sales representative immediately.
User interface Table 1 Key descriptions (continued) Key Figure 4 Keypad Description Turns Ratio on or off. Turns signal averaging on or off. Sends the data that is on the display to a printer or computer. Sends a calibration data report to a printer or computer when in Calibration mode. Sends diagnostic results to a printer or computer if held down when the instrument is turned on. Provides a print of the setup commands when in Setup mode.
Table 2 Light descriptions (continued) Figure 5 Indicator lights Light Description Illuminated when the instrument light source is on. Flashes when there is not sufficient light for measurement. Manual Illuminated when the instrument is in manual ranging mode. Range Auto Illuminated when the instrument is in auto ranging mode. Range CAL? Turns on during a calibration if the calibration data is not within the acceptable range. Flashes when the instrument should be calibrated.
5. Push the power switch on the back of the instrument to turn the instrument on. Prepare the StablCal standards Turn the keypad sound off (optional) 1. Clean the exterior surface of the StablCal vials with laboratory glass cleaning detergent. 2. Rinse the vials with distilled or deionized water. 3. Dry the vials with a lint-free cloth. By default, the instrument makes an audible sound when a key is pushed. To turn the keypad sound off: 1. 2. 3. 4. Push and hold down the right arrow key for 3 seconds.
• All nephelometric (turbidity units of measure) calibrations are done at the same time. • Ratio-on and Ratio-off calibration data is measured and recorded at the same time. • Clean the USEPA filter assembly before doing a primary calibration, or at least every 3 months (which is the USEPA-recommended primary calibration interval). StablCal calibration procedure 1. Remove the filter assembly. Refer to Change the filter assembly on page 36. 12 English 2. Clean the lens of the USEPA filter assembly.
7. Use the oiling cloth to apply the oil equally to the surface of the vial. Remove the excess oil. Make sure that the vial is almost dry. 8. Put the vial in the sample cell holder with the triangle on the vial aligned with the reference mark on the sample cell holder. Close the cover. 9. Push ENTER. The instrument display counts down, then measures the standard. The next expected standard (e.g., 20.00) is shown. The S1 light turns on.
Measure the Gelex stray light standard Measure the Gelex stray light standard when the instrument is first received. Record the value on the Gelex vial with a permanent marker one time. 1. Clean the stray light standard with a soft, lint-free cloth to remove water spots and fingerprints. 2. Apply a small bead of silicone oil from the top to the bottom of the vial. 3. Use the oiling cloth to apply the oil equally to the surface of the vial. Remove the excess oil. Make sure that the vial is almost dry. 4.
Measure the Gelex secondary turbidity standards Measure the Gelex secondary turbidity standards each time the instrument is calibrated and record the new values on the Gelex vials with a water soluble marker. 1. Clean the Gelex vials with a soft, lint-free cloth to remove water spots and fingerprints. 2. Apply a small bead of silicone oil from the top to the bottom of the vial. 3. Use the oiling cloth to apply the oil equally to the surface of the vial. Remove the excess oil.
7. Push RATIO to select Ratio on or off. Ratio must be on for Gelex standards greater than 40 NTU. For the 0–2 and 0– 20 NTU Gelex standards, select the Ratio function that the instrument will operate in. 8. Put the 0–2 NTU Gelex vial in the sample cell holder with the triangle on the vial aligned with the reference mark on the sample cell holder. Close the cover. 9. Read the value when stable. Remove the vial from the instrument. 10.
Clean the sample cell CAUTION Chemical exposure hazard. Obey laboratory safety procedures and wear all of the personal protective equipment appropriate to the chemicals that are handled. Refer to the current material safety data sheets (MSDS) for safety protocols. NOTICE Do not air dry the sample cells. Always store the sample cells with caps on to prevent the cells from drying. For storage, fill the sample cell with distilled or demineralized water. 1.
Indexing a single sample cell When measuring very low turbidity samples, use a single indexed sample cell or a flow cell for all measurements to get precise and repeatable measurements. As an alternative, optically matched sample cells can be used. Refer to Matching sample cells on page 20. Matched sample cells do not provide as good of accuracy and precision as a single indexed sample cell that is used for every measurement or a flow cell. 1.
7. Repeat step 6 until the lowest value is shown on the display. 8. Put an orientation mark on the marking band near the top of the sample cell where the lowest value is shown.
Matching sample cells To decrease the effects that optical differences among sample cells can have on turbidity measurements, measure samples in matched sample cells. It may not be possible to match all sample cells due to the differences in glass. 1. Rinse two or more clean, empty sample cells two times with dilution water and drain to waste. Fill the sample cells to the line (about 30 mL) with filtered dilution water and immediately put the cap on the sample cell.
7. Repeat step 6 until the lowest value is shown on the display. 8. Record the value. Put an orientation mark on the marking band near the top of the sample cell. 9. Put the second sample cell in the sample cell holder. Close the cover. Record the value when stable. 10. Remove the sample cell, turn it about 1/8 of a turn and put it in the sample cell holder again. Close the cover. 11. Repeat step 10 until the value matches the first sample cell value within ±0.005 NTU. 12.
Prepare the sample Proper sampling techniques are important to get accurate measurements. Prepare a representative sample A representative sample accurately reflects the true condition of the water source from which the sample was taken. To prepare a representative sample: • Gently but fully mix every sample before collecting aliquots (sample portions). Mix by gentle inversion only. Do not shake.
If possible, do not use heat to accelerate degassing. Heat may change the properties of the suspended particles and cause volatile components to come out of the solution. Gentle heat may be used to remove bubbles from very viscous samples when used with vacuum or ultrasound. If applying heat to the sample is necessary, do so only as much as is necessary to complete degassing. Before measurement, decrease the temperature of the sample to the initial temperature, then gently invert the sample.
Figure 6 Prepare filtered sample using membrane or glass-fiber filter Measurement notes Proper measurement techniques are important in minimizing the effects of instrument variation, stray light and air bubbles. For accurate and repeatable measurements: Instrument • Make sure that the instrument is on a level, stationary surface that is free of vibration during the measurement.
Measurement • Measure samples immediately to prevent temperature changes and settling. Before a measurement is taken, always make sure that the sample is homogeneous throughout. • Avoid sample dilution when possible. • Avoid instrument operation in direct sunlight. Turbidity measurement procedure 1. Rinse a clean, empty sample cell two times with the solution to be measured and drain to waste. Fill to the line (about 30 mL) with sample and immediately put the cap on the sample cell. 2.
7. Read and record the value when stable. Note: To send (via RS232) a measurement record, push PRINT. Measurements may be made with different operation mode settings and optional accessories. Calibrate the instrument whenever the sample cell pathlength is changed. display flashes 9s when Ratio is off and the measurement is greater than 40 NTUs (268 nephelos or 9.8 EBCs). Turn Ratio on to increase the range. Refer to Measure over-range samples on page 23.
Ratio on or off Ratio on provides very good linearity, calibration stability and a wide measurement range. Ratio on helps correct for interference when color is present in the sample that absorbs at the wavelength of incident light. The manufacturer recommends that Ratio on be used for most measurements. Ratio must be on to measure samples greater than 40 NTUs (268 nephelos or 9.8 EBCs). Push RATIO to turn Ratio on or off. The Ratio light is on when Ratio is on.
Clean a flow cell assembly Using a flow cell CAUTION Do not use a flow cell with flammable samples or those that contain hydrocarbons, solvents, concentrated acids or concentrated bases that may damage wetted parts of the cells. Conduct tests before use of flow cells if sample compatibility is not known. Note: Do not use a high pressure flow cell kit with this instrument. Use a flow cell to increase the speed, accuracy and reproducibility of measurement.
flow cell, put the glass flow cell in liquid detergent for 24 hours and then rinse fully. • When measuring many samples of different turbidity, measure the samples in order of the cleanest (lowest turbidity) to the dirtiest (highest turbidity) to prevent contamination from one sample to the next. • Do not use greater than the recommended maximum sample pressure of 34 kPa (5 psig). • Keep the drain tubing below the center line of the instrument. If the whole 152 cm (60 in.
Figure 9 Install a cell adapter To connect a computer to the instrument, use a serial communication cable with a DB9 connector. Note: Use of the specified cable or equivalent is mandatory for CE compliance (a shielded cable assembly must be used). Configure the printer output 1. 2. 3. 4. Push and hold down the right arrow key for 3 seconds. Select 01 using the arrow keys. Push ENTER. Use the arrow keys to change the value—SL Pr (slow print, 2.5 second delay) or FS Pr (fast print). 5. Push ENTER.
1. Set switches 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 8 to OFF. 2. Set switches 6, 7, 9 and 10 to ON. Switch 9 and 10 set to ON sets a 1200 baud rate. 3. Refer to Setting of Preset Jumper in the Citizen Printer Manual. Figure 10 Citizen printer switch configuration Table 5 shows the RS232 command set for the instrument. Table 5 RS232 command set Command Description VAL Gets the current measurement with the measurement units. LST Gets the calibration standards and coefficients. DAT Gets the current date.
Advanced operation Table 6 Formazin standard preparation (continued) Calibrate the turbidimeter with formazin standards The instrument may be calibrated using prepared formazin standards made from 4000-NTU formazin stock solution. Refer to Accessories on page 40. Standard 200 NTU Step 1 Add 50 mL of dilution water to a clean 100mL class A volumetric flask. For the best accuracy and long-term data comparability, use formazin stock solution from Hach to make formazin standards.
• In Calibration mode, automatic range and signal averaging on are selected. When calibration is completed, all operational modes go back to the last settings. • All nephelometric (turbidity units of measure) calibrations are done at the same time. • Ratio-on and Ratio-off calibration data is measured and recorded at the same time. • Clean the USEPA filter assembly before doing a primary calibration, or at least every 3 months (which is the USEPA-recommended primary calibration interval).
7. Apply a small bead of silicone oil from the top to the bottom of the sample cell. 8. Use the oiling cloth provided to apply the oil equally to the surface of the sample cell. Remove the excess oil. Make sure that the sample cell is almost dry. 9. Put the sample cell in the sample cell holder with the triangle on the sample cell aligned with the reference mark on the sample cell holder. Close the cover. 10. Push ENTER. The instrument display counts down from 60 to 0, and then measures the standard.
Making 4000-NTU formazin stock solution WARNING Chemical exposure hazard. Obey laboratory safety procedures and wear all of the personal protective equipment appropriate to the chemicals that are handled. Refer to the current material safety data sheets (MSDS) for safety protocols. Note: Making formazin stock solution from raw materials is not recommended. Preparation of formazin stock solution is temperature and technique sensitive.
Maintenance Clean the filter assembly DANGER Multiple hazards. Only qualified personnel must conduct the tasks described in this section of the document. Clean the instrument Keep the instrument clean to get continuous and accurate operation. NOTICE Note: Be careful not to push the lens out of the filter assembly. 1. Clean both sides of the lens of the filter assembly with glass cleaner, lens cleaner or isopropyl alcohol, and a cotton-tipped swab or lens tissue. 2.
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Troubleshooting Replace a fuse DANGER Fire hazard. Use the same type and current rating to replace fuses. Refer to the tables in this section for error codes, diagnostic codes, common problem messages or symptoms, possible causes and corrective actions. Error codes Replacement parts: • Fuse for 115 V operation, time-delay, 250 V, 1.6 A (3030700), or • Fuse for 230 V operation, time-delay, 250 V, 1.6 A (3030600) To replace a fuse, refer to the illustrated steps in Figure 11.
Table 7 Error codes (continued) Error Description ERR03 Low light error Solution 1. Put the sample in the instrument again. 2. Make sure that the lamp light is on. 3. Make sure that an object is not in the light path. 4. Do sample dilution if necessary.
1. Turn off the instrument. 2. Push and hold CAL. 3. Turn on the instrument. The CAL? light flashes. The instrument starts in Calibration mode. 4. Calibrate the instrument before use. Flashing 9s When manual ranging is selected, the display will flash all 9s when the sample being measured is greater than the selected range. When automatic ranging is selected, the display will flash 9s when the sample is greater than the maximum range of the instrument.
Replacement parts and accessories (continued) Description Quantity Item no. Cell adapter, 19 mm 1 3033600 Filter disks 10 2323810 Filter, membrane (without pad) 200 1353001 Filter paper, glass fiber, quantitative, 47 mm Replacement parts and accessories (continued) Description Quantity Item no.
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HACH COMPANY World Headquarters P.O. Box 389, Loveland, CO 80539-0389 U.S.A. Tel. (970) 669-3050 (800) 227-4224 (U.S.A. only) Fax (970) 669-2932 orders@hach.com www.hach.com © HACH LANGE GMBH Willstätterstraße 11 D-40549 Düsseldorf, Germany Tel. +49 (0) 2 11 52 88-320 Fax +49 (0) 2 11 52 88-210 info@hach-lange.de www.hach-lange.de HACH LANGE Sàrl 6, route de Compois 1222 Vésenaz SWITZERLAND Tel. +41 22 594 6400 Fax +41 22 594 6499 Hach Company/Hach Lange GmbH, 2012. All rights reserved.
