G1000 ® Integrated Flight Deck Pilot’s Guide ® G1000 Pilot’s Guide Garmin International, Inc. 1200 East 151st Street Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A. p:913.397.8200 f:913.397.8282 Garmin (Europe) Ltd. Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road Houndsdown Business Park Southampton, SO40 9RB, U.K. p:44/0870.8501241 f:44/0870.8501251 Garmin Corporation No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan p:886/02.2642.9199 f:886/02.2642.9099 www.garmin.com Cessna Caravan Garmin AT, Inc.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM (EIS) AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX
Copyright © 2008, 2010, 2011 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. This manual reflects the operation of System Software version 0767.09 or later for the Cessna Caravan. Some differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software versions. Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A. Tel: 913/397.8200 Fax: 913/397.8282 Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Road SE, Salem, OR 97302, U.S.A.
LIMITED WARRANTY LIMITED WARRANTY Within the warranty period, Garmin will, at its sole discretion, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts and/or labor incidental to the direct repair of said product. Garmin may, at its discretion with prior approval, reimburse an authorized Garmin Service Center for associated labor costs incurred for removal and replacement of the panel mount product installed in an aircraft.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES WARNING: Navigation and terrain separation must NOT be predicated upon the use of the terrain avoidance feature. The terrain avoidance feature is NOT intended to be used as a primary reference for terrain avoidance and does not relieve the pilot from the responsibility of being aware of surroundings during flight. The terrain avoidance feature is only to be used as an aid for terrain avoidance. Terrain data is obtained from third party sources.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES WARNING: The United States government operates the Global Positioning System and is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The GPS system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Portions of the Garmin G1000 utilize GPS as a precision electronic NAVigation AID (NAVAID). Therefore, as with all NAVAIDs, information presented by the G1000 can be misused or misinterpreted and, therefore, become unsafe.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES NOTE: All visual depictions contained within this document, including screen images of the G1000 panel and displays, are subject to change and may not reflect the most current G1000 system and aviation databases. Depictions of equipment may differ slightly from the actual equipment. NOTE: This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules.
REVISION INFORMATION Record of Revisions Part Number 190-00749-00 Revision Date A January, 2008 B January, 2008 C February, 2008 Page Range Description All Initial release Copyright Page Correct system software number Changed EMER PWR LVR to EMERG PWR LVR. Changed GENERATR OVRHT to GENERATOR OVHT. Changed L, R, L-R FUEL LO to L, R, L-R FUEL LOW. Removed A-ICE LF annunciation. Added Message Advisory Alerts All Removed gradient background. Added Synthetic Vision System Added GDU 9.
REVISION INFORMATION Blank Page vi Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Description.................................................. 1 Line Replaceable Units (LRU).................................. 2 G1000 Controls......................................................... 7 PFD/MFD Controls......................................................... 7 AFCS Controls............................................................... 9 Audio Panel Controls......................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.6 Audio Panel Preflight Procedure........................ 130 4.7 Abnormal Operation............................................ 132 Stuck Microphone...................................................... 132 COM Tuning Failure.................................................... 132 PFD Failure, Dual System............................................ 132 Audio Panel Fail-Safe Operation.................................. 133 Reversionary Mode...............................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS 6.7 Traffic Advisory System (TAS)............................. 366 TAS Symbology.......................................................... 366 Operation................................................................. 367 Altitude Display......................................................... 370 Traffic Map Page Display Range.................................. 370 TAS Alerts................................................................. 372 System Status...............................
TABLE OF CONTENTS Message Advisory Alerts............................................. 505 Comparator Annunciations......................................... 506 Reversionary Sensor Annunciations............................. 506 Voice Alerts............................................................... 507 G1000 System Annunciations..................................... 507 G1000 System Message Advisories.............................. 509 AFCS Alerts...........................................................
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1.1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION This section provides an overview of the G1000 Integrated Flight Deck as installed in the Cessna Caravan. The G1000 system is an integrated flight control system that presents flight instrumentation, position, navigation, communication, and identification information to the pilot through large-format displays.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.2 LINE REPLACEABLE UNITS (LRU) FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • GDU 1040A (3) – Each of the PFDs and the MFD feature a 10.4-inch LCD with 1024 x 768 resolution. The unit installed on the left/pilot side is designated as PFD1. The unit installed on the right/co-pilot side is designated as PFD2. The unit installed in the center of the panel is designated as the MFD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GEA 71 (1) – Receives and processes signals from the engine and airframe sensors. This unit communicates with both GIA 63Ws using an RS-485 digital interface. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS • GRS 77 (2) – Provides aircraft attitude and heading information via ARINC 429 to both the on-side GDU 1040A and the on-side GIA 63W (the pilot-side GRS 77 also interfaces with the MFD).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • GMA 1347 (1 or 2) – Integrates NAV/COM digital audio, intercom system and marker beacon controls, and is installed between PFD1 and the MFD. This unit also enables the manual control of the display reversionary mode (red DISPLAY BACKUP button) and communicates with both GIA 63Ws, using an RS-232 digital interface.See Reversionary Mode discussion later in this section for details of reversionary mode behavior with optional GMA 2.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GMC 710 (1) – Provides the controls for the GFC 700 AFCS through an RS-232 digital interface allowing communication with the displays. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • GSD 41 (1, optional) – This unit is a data concentrator used to expand the input and output capabilities of the system. Communication is through the High Speed Data Bus. EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT • GTP 59 (2) – Provides Outside Air Temperature (OAT) data to the on-side GDC 74A.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW GMC 710 (OPTIONAL) EIS GWX 68 GDL 69A (OPTIONAL) GSD 41 (PFD #1) (OPTIONAL) AUDIO PANEL & CNS GDU 1040A GDU 1040A GDU 1040A ( PFD # 2 ) (MFD) GMA 1347 #2 GMU 44 #1 (optional) single GMA only FLIGHT MANAGEMENT GMA 1347 #1 GMU 44 #2 HAZARD AVOIDANCE GRS 77 #1 GRS 77 #2 AFCS GIA 63W #1 GIA 63W #2 VHF COM VHF NAV/LOC GPS/WAAS G/S GDC 74A #1 AFCS Mode Logic Flight Director Servo Management GTP 59 #1 GDC 74A #2 VHF COM VHF NAV/LOC
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.3 G1000 CONTROLS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The Audio Panel (GMA 1347) and AFCS controls (GMC 710) are described in the CNS & Audio Panel and AFCS sections respectively. The G1000 system controls are located on the PFD and MFD bezels, AFCS Control Unit and audio panel. The controls for the PFD and MFD are discussed within the following pages of this section.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1 NAV VOL/ID Knob – Controls NAV audio volume level. Press to toggle the Morse code identifier audio ON and OFF. Volume level is shown in the NAV frequency field as a percentage. 2 NAV Frequency Transfer Key – Toggles the standby and active NAV frequencies. 3 Dual NAV Knob – Tunes the standby frequencies for the NAV receiver (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz). Press to switch the tuning box (cyan box) between NAV1 and NAV2.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW AFCS CONTROLS NOTE: With the exception of the FD and SPD Keys, if a key is selected, its respective annunciator is 2 3 4 19 18 17 16 5 6 7 13 12 8 EIS 1 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS illuminated. 14 11 10 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 15 9 Figure 1-3 AFCS Control Unit (GMC 710) NAV Key – Selects/deselects Navigation Mode. 4 FD Key – Activates/deactivates the flight director in the default pitch and roll modes. If the autopilot is engaged, the FD Key is disabled.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW VNV Key – Selects/deselects Vertical Navigation mode. 13 ALT SEL Knob – Sets the selected altitude in the Selected Altitude Box. In addition to providing the standard G1000 altitude alerter function, selected altitude provides an altitude setting for the Altitude Capture/Hold mode of the AFCS. 14 YD Key – Engages/disengages the yaw damper. 15 AP Key – Engages/disengages the autopilot. 16 BANK Key – Selects/deselects Low Bank Mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL CONTROLS 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 3 EIS 2 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1 17 20 21 22 23 HAZARD AVOIDANCE 19 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 18 24 Figure 1-4 Audio Panel Controls (GMA 1347) AFCS NOTE: When a key is selected, a triangular annunciator above the key is illuminated. COM1 – When selected, audio from the #1 COM receiver can be heard. 3 COM2 MIC – Selects the #2 transmitter for transmitting.
COM3 – Not used on Cessna Caravan aircraft. 7 COM 1/2 – Split COM is disabled on Cessna Caravan aircraft. 8 TEL – Pressing this key selects and de-selects the airborne telephone. 9 PA – Selects the passenger address system. The selected Com transmitter is deselected when the PA Key is pressed. 10 SPKR – Pressing this key selects and deselects the corresponding cockpit speaker. COM and NAV receiver audio will be heard on the speaker.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW SOFTKEY FUNCTION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The softkeys are located along the bottoms of the displays. The softkeys shown depend on the softkey level or page being displayed. The bezel keys below the softkeys can be used to select the appropriate softkey. When a softkey is selected, its color changes to black text on gray background and remains this way until it is turned off, at which time it reverts to white text on black background.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Level 1 Level 2 TERRAIN STRMSCP NEXRAD Level 3 XM LTNG EIS SENSOR AUDIO PANEL & CNS ADC1 ADC2 AHRS1 AHRS2 PFD FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYN VIS PATHWAY SYN TERR Description Displays terrain information on Inset Map Displays Stormscope information on Inset Map (optional feature) Displays NEXRAD weather and coverage information on Inset Map (optional feature) Displays XM lightning information on Inset Map (optional feature) Displays softkeys for selectin
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Level 2 BRG2 Level 3 Press to display the BARO setting as inches of mercury HPA Press to display the BARO setting as hectopacals STD BARO CDI XPDR ON ALT 0—7 BKSP IDENT APPENDICES TMR/REF NRST ALERTS ADDITIONAL FEATURES VFR CODE AFCS GND HAZARD AVOIDANCE XPDR1 XPDR2 STBY FLIGHT MANAGEMENT DME Sets barometric pressure to 29.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW CAS ALERTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS CAS ↑ CAS ↓ AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Figure 1-6 Top Level PFD Softkeys FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ALERTS ALERTS STRMSCP HAZARD AVOIDANCE TRFC-1 Select the BACK or OFF Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. TRFC-2 AFCS Figure 1-7 INSET Softkeys ADDITIONAL FEATURES ALERTS APPENDICES ADC1 ADC2 AHRS1 AHRS2 BACK ALERTS Select the BACK Softkey to return to the top level softkeys.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYN VIS DME ALERTS HSI FRMT ALT UNIT BRG1 (GPS) BRG2 (GPS) BRG1 (ADF) BRG2 (ADF) BRG1 (OFF) BRG2 (OFF) 360 HSI Press the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys EIS BRG2 (NAV2) ALERTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS BRG1 (NAV1) SYSTEM OVERVIEW DME ARC HSI ALERTS AUDIO PANEL & CNS ALERTS METERS HPA SYN TERR HRZN HDG APTSIGNS ALERTS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT PATHWAY IN ALERTS Figure 1-9 PFD Configuration Softkeys HAZARD AVOIDANCE ALERTS AFCS ALERTS ADDITIONAL FEATURES
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW MFD SOFTKEYS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Level 1 ENGINE INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS MAP 18 Level 2 Level 3 Description Displays EIS softkeys (refer to the EIS section) Accesses the System EIS Display SYSTEM Monitors EIS trends for 5 seconds and saves the average and TRND/ACK maximum values (if no ADASd-generated alerts exist) Acknowledges ADASd-generated alerts, if any exist Captures EIS data for th
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Level 2 Level 3 SYSTEM OVERVIEW Level 1 DCLTR (3) SHW CHRT DCLTR MAP SHW CHRT CHKLIST (optional) (optional) AUDIO PANEL & CNS ENGINE EIS CHKLIST FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Description Selects desired amount of map detail; cycles through declutter levels: DCLTR (No Declutter): All map features visible DCLTR-1: Declutters land data DCLTR-2: Declutters land and SUA data DCLTR-3: Removes everything except for the active flight plan When available, displays optional airport and te
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.4 SECURE DIGITAL CARDS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Ensure the G1000 System is powered off before inserting an SD card. NOTE: Refer to Appendix B for instructions on updating databases. EIS The PFD and MFD data card slots use Secure Digital (SD) cards and are located on the upper right side of the display bezels. Each display bezel is equipped with two SD card slots.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.5 SYSTEM POWER-UP NOTE: Refer to the Appendices for AHRS initialization bank angle limitations. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: See the Appendices for additional information regarding system-specific annunciations and alerts. NOTE: See the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POHAFM) for specific procedures concerning avionics power application and emergency power supply operation.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.6 SYSTEM OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The displays are connected together via a single Ethernet bus, thus allowing for high-speed communication. This section discusses the normal and reversionary modes of operation as well as the various AHRS modes of the G1000 system. In the event of display failure, the display modes are as follows: • PFD1 failure – MFD and PFD 2 enter reversionary mode. • MFD failure – PFD1 and PFD 2 enter reversionary mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS Figure 1-16 Reversionary Mode AUDIO PANEL & CNS Pressing the D I S P L AY BACKUP button activates/ deactivates reversionary mode for both the on-side PFD and the MFD. Figure 1-17 DISPLAY BACKUP Button FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Each display can be configured to operate in reversionary mode, as follows: • PFD1 – By pressing the DISPLAY BACKUP button on the audio panel. • MFD – By pressing the DISPLAY BACKUP button on the audio panel.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW AHRS OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Refer to the Appendices for specific AHRS alert information. NOTE: Aggressive maneuvering while the AHRS is not operating normally can degrade AHRS accuracy. EIS In addition to using internal sensors, the GRS 77 AHRS uses GPS information, magnetic field data and air data to assist in attitude/heading calculations. In normal mode, the AHRS relies upon GPS and magnetic field measurements.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW GPS INPUT FAILURE NOTE: In-flight initialization of AHRS, when operating without any valid source of GPS data and at true FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS air speed values greater than approximately 175 knots, is not guaranteed. Under these rare conditions, it is possible for in-flight AHRS initialization to take an indefinite amount of time which would result in an extended period of time where valid AHRS outputs are unavailable.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW KRA 405B Radar Altimeter or GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Units FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Units GDC 74A Air Data Computer EIS GEA 71 Engine Airframe Unit or GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Unit GRS 77 AHRS or GMU 44 Magnetometer AUDIO PANEL & CNS Fuel Quantity Sensor or GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Unit GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Units FLIGHT MANAGEMENT GEA 71 Engine Airframe Unit GDC 74A Air Data Computer GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Units Figure
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW Viewing GPS receiver status information 1) Use the large FMS Knob to select the Auxiliary Page Group (see Section 1.7 for information on navigating MFD page groups). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Use the small FMS Knob to select GPS Status Page. Selecting the GPS receiver for which data may be reviewed 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - GPS Status Page. 2) To change the selected GPS receiver: EIS a) Press the desired GPS Softkey. Or: a) Press the MENU Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW The GPS Status Page provides the following information: • Satellite constellation diagram FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Satellites currently in view are shown at their respective positions on a sky view diagram. The sky view is always in a north-up orientation, with the outer circle representing the horizon, the inner circle representing 45° above the horizon, and the center point showing the position directly overhead.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Because of the tighter protection limit on approaches, there may be times when RAIM is not available. The G1000 automatically monitors RAIM and warns with an alert message when it is not available. If RAIM is not predicted to be available for the final approach course, the approach does not become active, as indicated by the messages “Approach is not active” and “RAIM not available from FAF to MAP”.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 8) Use the FMS Knob to enter an arrival date and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.7 ACCESSING G1000 FUNCTIONALITY MENUS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 has a MENU Key that, when pressed, displays a context-sensitive list of options. This options list allows the user to access additional features or make settings changes which specifically relate to the currently displayed window/page. There is no all-encompassing menu. Some menus provide access to additional submenus that are used to view, edit, select, and review options.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW Page Group FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS MFD Active Page Title AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Pages in Current Group Page Groups FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 1-23 Page Title and Page Groups The main page groups are navigated using the FMS Knob; specific pages within each group can vary depending on the configuration of optional equipment.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW Map Pages (MAP) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Navigation Map Traffic Map Weather Radar EIS Weather Data Link (service optional) Terrain Proximity, TerrainSVS, or TAWS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 1-24 Map Pages FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Waypoint Pages (WPT) HAZARD AVOIDANCE Airport Information pages - Airport Information (INFO-1 Softkey) AFCS - Airport Directory (INFO-2 Softkey) - Departure Information (DP Softkey) ADDITIONAL FEATURES - Arrival Information (STAR Softkey) - Approac
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW Auxiliary Pages (AUX) Trip Planning FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Utility GPS Status System Setup XM Satellite pages EIS - XM Information (INFO Softkey) XM Satellite Pages AUDIO PANEL & CNS - XM Radio (RADIO Softkey) System Status HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 1-26 Auxiliary Pages Nearest Pages (NRST) Nearest Airports Nearest Intersections AFCS Nearest NDB Nearest VOR ADDITIONAL FEATURES Nearest User Waypoints Nearest Frequencies APPENDICES Nearest Airsp
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Flight Plan Pages are accessed using the FPL Key on the MFD. Main pages within this group are selected by turning the small FMS Knob.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW MFD SYSTEM PAGES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In the Auxiliary (AUX) Page Group, there are two system pages: System Setup (page 4 of 6) and System Status (page 6 of 6). The System Setup Page allows management of various system parameters, while the System Status Page displays the status of all G1000 system LRUs.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW To set the system time format: 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the time format field in the Date/Time Box. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired system time format (local 12hr, local 24hr, UTC) and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW To change a Display Units setting: 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired field in the Display Units Box. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select from a list of measurement units and press the ENT Key when the desired unit is highlighted. Press the CLR Key to cancel the action without changing the units.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW MFD Data Bar Fields FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The MFD Data Bar Fields Box on the System Setup Page displays the current configuration of the MFD Navigation Status Box. By default, the Navigation Status Bar is set to display ground speed (GS), distance to next waypoint (DIS), estimated time en route (ETE), and en route safe altitude (ESA).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW To change the CDI range: 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the selected field in the GPS CDI Box. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to display and scroll through the range list and press the ENT Key when the desired selection is highlighted.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW CDI/BARO Synchronization See the Flight Instruments section for a discussion on synchronizing both PFD’s Course Deviation Indicators and the altimeter barometric settings. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM STATUS PAGE The System Status Page displays the status and software version numbers for all detected system LRUs. Pertinent information on all system databases is also displayed. Active LRUs are indicated by green check marks and failed LRUs are indicated by red “X”s.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW UTILITY PAGE HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS For flight planning purposes, timers, trip statistics, and a scheduler feature are provided on the AUX - Utility Page. The timers available include a stopwatch-like generic timer, a total time in flight timer, and a record of the time of departure. Trip statistics—odometer, trip odometer, and average trip and maximum groundspeeds—are displayed from the time of the last reset.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘START?’ and press the ENT Key to start the timer. The field changes to ‘STOP?’. 6) To stop the timer, press the ENT Key with ‘STOP?’ highlighted. The field changes to ‘RESET?’. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 7) To reset the timer, press the ENT Key with ‘RESET?’ highlighted. The field changes back to ‘START?’ and the digits are reset.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW Trip Statistics FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The odometer and trip odometer record the total mileage traveled from the last reset; these odometers can be reset independently. Resetting the trip odometer also resets the average trip groundspeed. Maximum groundspeed for the period of time since the last reset is also displayed. Resetting trip statistics readouts 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - Utility Page. 2) Press the MENU Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.8 DISPLAY BACKLIGHTING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 display and control backlighting can be adjusted either automatically or manually. Backlighting intensity ranges from 0.22% to 100% on the PFDs and 0.80% to 100.00% on the MFD. AUTOMATIC ADJUSTMENT EIS The existing instrument panel dimmer bus normally controls the PFD and MFD backlighting as well as the PFD and MFD bezels, AFCS Control Unit and audio panel key annunciator lighting.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW To adjust key backlighting manually: EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Press the MENU Key on the PFD to display the PFD Setup Menu Window. ‘AUTO’ becomes highlighted to the right of ‘PFD1 DSPL’. AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 1-34 Manual Key Lighting Adjustment 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘PFD1 DSPL’. Turn the small FMS Knob in the direction of the green arrowhead to display ‘PFD1 KEY’.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 2 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: In the event that the airspeed, attitude, altitude, or heading indications become unusable, refer to the backup instruments. NOTE: The Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) provides additional readouts and bugs on selected flight instruments. Refer to the AFCS Section for details on these bugs and readouts, as they appear on the display during certain AFCS flight director modes.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 22 21 20 19 18 1 17 16 2 EIS 15 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 14 3 13 4 12 5 11 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 6 10 7 9 APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE 8 1 NAV Frequency Box 12 Turn Rate Indicator 2 Airspeed Indicator 13 Barometric Altimeter Setting 3 True Airspeed 14 Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) 4 Current Heading 15 Selected Altitude Bug 5 Selected Heading Bug 16 Altimeter 6 Horizontal Situation Indicator (
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW 16 15 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 14 1 13 EIS 12 2 11 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 3 10 4 9 5 7 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 6 8 Flight Plan Window 2 Radar Altimeter 10 Annunciation Window 3 Selected Heading 11 Selected Course 4 Wind Data 12 Vertical Speed Required Indicator 5 Inset Map 13 Vertical Deviation Indicator 6 DME Information Window 14 Comparator Window 7 Bearing Information Windows 15 VNV Target Altitude 8 Barometric Minimums Box 16 AFCS Status Ann
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.1 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AIRSPEED INDICATOR NOTE: Refer to the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) for speed criteria and Vspeed values. AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS The Airspeed Indicator displays airspeed on a rolling number gauge using a moving tape. The true airspeed is displayed in knots below the Airspeed Indicator.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Vspeeds (Vr, Vx, Vy, and VGlide) can be changed and their flags turned on/off from the Timer/References Window. When active (on), the Vspeeds are displayed at their respective locations to the right of the airspeed scale. Changing Vspeeds and turning flags on/off: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Press the TMR/REF Softkey. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired Vspeed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ATTITUDE INDICATOR FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Attitude information is displayed over a virtual blue sky and brown ground with a white horizon line. The Attitude Indicator displays the pitch (indicated by the yellow symbolic aircraft on the pitch scale), roll, and slip/skid information.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW ALTIMETER FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Altimeter displays 600 feet of barometric altitude values at a time on a rolling number gauge using a moving tape. Numeric labels and major tick marks are shown at intervals of 100 feet. Minor tick marks are at intervals of 20 feet. The current altitude is displayed in the black pointer. The Selected Altitude is displayed above the Altimeter in the box indicated by a selection bug symbol.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected and current altitudes can also be displayed in meters (readouts displayed above the normal readouts in feet; Figure 2-10). Note that the altitude tape does not change scale. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Displaying altitude in meters: 1) Press the PFD Softkey to display the second-level softkeys. 2) Press the ALT UNIT Softkey. 3) Press the METERS Softkey to turn on metric altitude readouts (see Figure 2-10).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the barometric altimeter settings differ between PFDs by more than 0.02 in Hg, the readouts turn yellow. Once the settings are synchronized (BARO turned on), they remain synchronized until the setting is turned off. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Synchronizing the altimeter barometric pressure settings: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A Baro Transition Alert is provided to notify the pilot to change the barometric pressure setting when crossing the baro transition altitude. If the aircraft is at least 500 feet below the transition altitude and then climbs through this altitude and the STD BARO Softkey or BARO Knob has not been pressed, the barometric pressure setting flashes in light blue until the pressure setting is changed.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR (VSI) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI; Figure 2-14) displays the aircraft vertical speed with numeric labels and tick marks at 1000 and 2000 fpm in each direction on the non-moving tape. Minor tick marks are at intervals of 500 fpm. The current vertical speed is displayed in the pointer, which also points to that speed on the nonmoving tape. Digits appear in the pointer when the climb or descent rate is greater than 100 fpm.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HORIZONTAL SITUATION INDICATOR (HSI) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) displays a rotating compass card in a heading-up orientation. Letters indicate the cardinal points and numeric labels occur every 30˚. Major tick marks are at 10˚ intervals and minor tick marks at 5˚ intervals. A digital reading of the current heading appears on top of the HSI, and the current track is represented on the HSI by a magenta diamond.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Arc HSI is a 140˚ expanded section of the compass rose. The Arc HSI contains a Course Pointer, To/From Indicator, a sliding deviation indicator (the To/From and deviation indicators are combined), and a deviation scale. Upon station passage, the To/From Indicator flips and points to the tail of the aircraft, just like a conventional To/From flag.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Navigation angles (track, heading, course, bearing) are corrected to the computed magnetic variation (‘Mag Var’) or referenced to true north (denoted ‘T’), set on the AUX - System Setup Page. When an approach referenced to true north has been loaded into the flight plan, the system generates a message to change the navigation angle setting to ‘True’ at the appropriate time.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW TURN RATE INDICATOR FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Turn Rate Indicator is located directly above the rotating compass rose. Tick marks to the left and right of the lubber line denote half-standard and standard turn rates. A magenta Turn Rate Trend Vector shows the current turn rate. The end of the trend vector gives the heading predicted in 6 seconds, based on the present turn rate.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When a bearing pointer is displayed, its associated information window is also displayed.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW COURSE DEVIATION INDICATOR (CDI) NOTE: If a heading change greater than 105˚ with respect to the course is made, the CDI on the Arc HSI FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS switches to the opposite side of the deviation scale and displays reverse sensing. The Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) moves left or right from the course pointer along a lateral deviation scale to display aircraft position relative to the course. If the course deviation data is not valid, the CDI is not displayed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Changing navigation sources: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the CDI Softkey again to change from VOR1 or LOC1 to VOR2 or LOC2. This places the light blue tuning box over the NAV2 standby frequency. 1) Press the CDI Softkey to change from GPS to VOR1 or LOC1. This places the light blue tuning box over the NAV1 standby frequency in the upper left corner of the PFD. 3) Press the CDI Softkey a third time to return to GPS.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the same VOR/LOC navigation source is selected on both PFDs, the navigation source annunciation turns yellow on both displays (unless synchronized). Once the CDIs are synchronized (CDI turned on), they remain synchronized until the setting is turned off. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Synchronizing the CDIs: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS GPS CDI SCALING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When GPS is the selected navigation source, the flight plan legs are sequenced automatically and annunciations appear on the HSI for the flight phase. Flight phase annunciations are normally shown in magenta, but when cautionary conditions exist the color changes to yellow. If the current leg in the flight plan is a heading leg, ‘HDG LEG’ is annunciated in magenta beneath the aircraft symbol.
Enroute (Oceanic if >200 nm from nearest airport) Terminal Approach 0.3 nm 1.0 nm 1.0 nm 2.0 nm 0.3 nm 1.0 nm Terminal Refer to accompanying approach CDI scaling figures FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Departure SYSTEM OVERVIEW CDI Full-scale Deflection FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Missed Approach EIS Figure 2-29 Automatic CDI Scaling AUDIO PANEL & CNS • Once a departure procedure is activated, the CDI is scaled for departure (0.3 nm). • The system switches from departure to terminal CDI scaling (1.
2 nm FAF CDI scale varies if VTF is activated 0.3 nm 1.0 nm 2 nm FAF EIS angle based on database information course width angle set by system CDI Full-scale Deflection 0.3 nm 1.0 nm CDI scale is set to the smaller of 0.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW OBS MODE NOTE: VNV is inhibited while automatic waypoint sequencing has been suspended. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Enabling Omni-bearing Selector (OBS) Mode suspends the automatic sequencing of waypoints in a GPS flight plan (GPS must be the selected navigation source), but retains the current “active-to” waypoint as the navigation reference even after passing the waypoint. ‘OBS’ is annunciated to the lower right of the aircraft symbol when OBS Mode is selected.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS As the aircraft crosses the missed approach point (MAP), automatic approach waypoint sequencing is suspended. ‘SUSP’ appears on the HSI to the lower right of the aircraft symbol. The OBS Softkey label changes to indicate the suspension is active as shown in Figure 2-33. Pressing the SUSP Softkey, deactivates the suspension and resumes automatic sequencing of approach waypoints.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW 2.2 SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA NOTE: Pressing the DFLTS Softkey (a second-level PFD softkey) turns off metric Altimeter display, the Inset FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Map, and wind data display. In addition to the flight instruments, the PFD also displays various supplemental information, including temperatures, wind data, and Vertical Navigation (VNV) indications.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WIND DATA Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 No Data FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Wind direction and speed (relative to the aircraft) in knots can be displayed in a window to the upper left of the HSI. When the window is selected for display, but wind information is invalid or unavailable, the window shows “NO WIND DATA”.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW VERTICAL NAVIGATION (VNV) INDICATIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When a VNV flight plan has been activated, VNV indications (VNV Target Altitude, RVSI, VDI) appear on the PFD in conjunction with the “TOD within 1 minute” message and “Vertical track” voice alert. See the Flight Management and AFCS sections for details on VNV features. VNV indications are removed from the PFD according to the criteria listed in Table 2-2.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.3 PFD ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTING FUNCTIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The following annunciations and alerting functions are displayed on the PFD. Refer to Appendix A for more information on alerts and annunciations. SYSTEM ALERTING EIS Messages appear in the Alerts Window (in the lower right corner of the PFD; Figure 2-37) when a warning, caution, advisory alert, or G1000 message advisory occurs.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW MARKER BEACON ANNUNCIATIONS Outer Marker Middle Marker FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Marker Beacon Annunciations are displayed on the PFD to the left of the Selected Altitude. Outer marker reception is indicated in blue, middle in yellow, and inner in white. Refer to the Audio Panel and CNS Section for more information on Marker Beacon Annunciations.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS TAWS ANNUNCIATIONS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Optional Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS) annunciations appear on the PFD to the upper left of the Altimeter. Refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section and Appendix A for information on TAWS alerts and annunciations.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW ALTITUDE ALERTING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Altitude Alerting function provides visual and audio alerts when approaching the Selected Altitude. Whenever the Selected Altitude is changed, Altitude Alerting is reset. Altitude Alerting is based on the altitude information shown on PFD 1. Altitude Alerting is independent of the AFCS.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS MINIMUM DESCENT ALTITUDE/DECISION HEIGHT ALERTING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS For altitude awareness, a Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA) or Decision Height (DH), based on barometric altitude or radar altitude (optional), can be set. When active, the altitude setting is displayed to the lower left of the Altimeter and with a bug at the corresponding altitude along the Altimeter (once the altitude is within the visible range of the tape).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW RADAR ALTIMETER -40 to 200 feet 5 feet 200 to 1500 feet 10 feet 1500 to 2500 feet 50 feet AUDIO PANEL & CNS Shown to Nearest EIS Figure 2-46 Current Radar Height Radar Height Range FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When the radar height (the aircraft altitude above ground level detected by the radar altimeter) is between -40 and 2500 feet, the current value is displayed in green above the current aircraft heading (Figure 2-46).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.4 ABNORMAL OPERATIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ABNORMAL GPS CONDITIONS The annunciations listed in Table 2-4 can appear on the HSI when abnormal GPS conditions occur; see Figure 2-51 for examples. Refer to the Flight Management Section for more information on Dead Reckoning Mode.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW UNUSUAL ATTITUDES When the aircraft enters an unusual pitch attitude, red extreme pitch warning chevrons pointing toward the horizon are displayed on the Attitude Indicator, starting at 50˚ above and 30˚ below the horizon line. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Nose High Nose Low EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 2-52 Pitch Attitude Warnings FLIGHT MANAGEMENT If pitch exceeds +30˚/-20˚ or bank exceeds 65˚, some information displayed on the PFD is removed.
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Blank Page 82 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 3 ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM (EIS) NOTE: Refer to the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) for limitations. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 Engine Indication System (EIS) displays critical engine, fuel, electrical, and ice protection (optional) indicators on the left side of the Multi Function Display (MFD) during normal operations (Figure 3-1).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM a red “X” is shown across the instrument or displayed in place of the digital readout (exception: A-ICE GAL and TIME REM digital value displays dashes).
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM Accesses the Engine EIS Display and EIS softkeys • SYSTEM Accesses the System EIS Display FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS TRND/ACK SYSTEM OVERVIEW • ENGINE Monitors EIS trends for 5 seconds and saves the average and maximum values (if no ADASdgenerated alerts exist) Acknowledges ADASd-generated alerts, if any exist LB REM Accesses softkeys for manually adjusting the fuel totalizer amount of fuel remaining -10 LB Decreases the displayed fuel remaining in 10-lb increments -1 LB Decreas
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM 3.1 ENGINE DISPLAY FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Engine Display is shown by default. If the EIS System Display is currently shown, the Engine Display may be selected by pressing the ENGINE or BACK Softkey. Critical changes in certain systems may also automatically revert the EIS to the ENGINE Display. At the top of both EIS displays, the Torque, Interstage Turbine Temperature (ITT), Gas Generator Speed, and Propeller Speed indicators are present.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1 Displays engine torque in foot-pounds (ft-lb) Torque Gauge (TRQ FT-LB) Warning indication is propeller speed sensitive and changes for speeds between 1800 and 1900 rpm.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM 3.2 SYSTEM DISPLAY FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The System Display is accessed by pressing the SYSTEM Softkey. Besides the gauges, all indications on this display are digital readouts, separated into these categories: Fuel (quantities and flow), Fuel Totalizer (fuel remaining and used calculations), and Electrical.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1 EIS 2 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 3 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4 5 HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6 7 8 AFCS 9 ADDITIONAL FEATURES 10 APPENDICES Figure 3-8 System Display INDEX 190-00749-03 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM Displays engine torque in foot-pounds (ft-lb) Torque Gauge (TRQ FT-LB) Warning indication is propeller speed sensitive and changes for speeds between 1800 and 1900 rpm.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW FUEL CALCULATIONS NOTE: Fuel calculations do not use the aircraft fuel quantity indicators and are calculated from the last time FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS the fuel was reset. The fuel used is calculated based on the fuel flow totalizer and the displayed fuel remaining (LB REM). Fuel remaining can be adjusted using the appropriate softkeys up to the maximum amount allowed for the aircraft (2224 lb).
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM Blank Page 92 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 4 AUDIO PANEL AND CNS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 4.1 OVERVIEW The Communication/Navigation/Surveillance (CNS) system includes the Audio Panel, communication radios, navigation radios, and Mode S transponder. The System Overview Section provides a block diagram description of the Audio Panel and CNS system interconnection.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS MFD/PFD CONTROLS AND FREQUENCY DISPLAY 2 3 4 6 5 7 8 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1 9 10 HAZARD AVOIDANCE 11 12 INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS Figure 4-1 MFD/PFD Controls, NAV/COM Frequency Tuning Boxes, and DME Tuning Window (PFD Shown) 94 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS NAV Frequency Box – Displays NAV standby and active frequency fields, volume, and station ID. The frequency of the NAV radio selected for navigation is displayed in green. 5 COM Frequency Box – Displays COM standby and active frequency fields and volume. The selected COM transceiver frequency is displayed in green. 6 COM Knob – Tunes the standby frequencies for the COM transceiver (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 2 13 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 1 18 19 20 21 HAZARD AVOIDANCE EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AUDIO PANEL CONTROLS 22 23 17 24 AFCS Figure 4-2 Audio Panel Controls INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: When a key is selected, a triangular annunciator above the key is illuminated. 96 1 COM1 MIC – Selects the #1 transmitter for transmitting.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SPKR – Selects and deselects the cabin speaker. COM and NAV receiver audio can be heard on the speaker. 11 MKR/MUTE – Selects marker beacon receiver audio. Mutes the currently received marker beacon receiver audio. Unmutes automatically when new marker beacon audio is received. Also, stops play of recorded COM audio. 12 HI SENS – Press to increase marker beacon receiver sensitivity. Press again to return to low sensitivity. 13 DME – Turns DME audio on or off.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.2 COM OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS COM TRANSCEIVER SELECTION AND ACTIVATION NOTE: During PA Mode, the COM MIC Annunciator is extinguished and the COM active frequency color changes to white, indicating that neither COM transmitter is active. NOTE: When turning on the G1000 for use, the system remembers the last frequencies used and the active EIS COM transceiver state prior to shutdown.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW TRANSMIT/RECEIVE INDICATIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS During COM transmission, a white TX appears by the active COM frequency replacing the Frequency Transfer Arrow. On the Audio Panel, when the active COM is transmitting, the active transceiver COM MIC Key Annunciator flashes approximately once per second. During COM signal reception, a white RX appears by the active COM frequency replacing the Frequency Transfer Arrow.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SELECTING THE RADIO TO BE TUNED FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Press the small COM Knob to transfer the frequency tuning box and Frequency Transfer Arrow between the upper and lower radio frequency fields. The small COM Knob on the MFD is linked to the pilot side PFD (PFD1) only. The small COM Knob on the copilot side PFD (PFD2) operates independently.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTO-TUNING THE COM FREQUENCY COM frequencies can be automatically tuned from the following: • Nearest Airports Window (PFD) • NRST – Nearest Frequencies Page (ARTCC, FSS, WX) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • WPT – Airport Information Page • NRST – Nearest Airspaces Page • NRST – Nearest Airports Page AUTO-TUNING FROM THE PFD EIS COM frequencies for the nearest airports can be automatically tuned from the Nearest Airports Window on the PFD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING FROM THE MFD FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Frequencies can be automatically loaded into the COM Frequency Box from pages in the NRST or WPT page group by highlighting the frequency and pressing the ENT Key (Figures 4-9, 4-10, and 4-11). Auto-tuning a COM frequency from the WPT and NRST Pages: 1) From any page that the COM frequency can be auto-tuned, activate the cursor by pressing the FMS Knob or the appropriate softkey.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW On the WPT - Airport Information Page, the cursor can be placed on the frequency field by pressing the FMS Knob and scrolling through the list. The frequency is transferred to the COM Standby Field with the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS COM frequencies can also be auto-tuned from the NRST – Nearest Airspaces, NRST – Nearest Frequencies, and NRST – Nearest Airports Pages on the MFD in a similar manner using the appropriate softkeys or MENU Key, the FMS Knob, and the ENT Key.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW FREQUENCY SPACING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 COM radios can tune either 25-kHz spacing (118.000 to 136.975 MHz) or 8.33-kHz spacing (118.000 to 136.990 MHz) for 760-channel or 3040-channel configuration. When 8.33-kHz channel spacing is selected, all of the 25-kHz channel spacing frequencies are also available in the complete 3040-channel list. COM channel spacing is set on the System Setup Page of the AUX Page Group. 25-kHz Channel Spacing EIS 8.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTOMATIC SQUELCH FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Automatic Squelch quiets unwanted static noise when no audio signal is received, while still providing good sensitivity to weak COM signals. To disable Automatic Squelch, press the VOL/SQ Knob. When Automatic Squelch is disabled, COM audio reception is always on. Continuous static noise is heard over the headsets and speaker, if selected. Pressing the VOL/SQ Knob again enables Automatic Squelch.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW 4.3 NAV OPERATION NAV RADIO SELECTION AND ACTIVATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The NAV Frequency Box is composed of four fields; two standby fields and two active fields. The active frequencies are on the right side and the standby frequencies are on the left. EIS A NAV radio is selected for navigation by pressing the CDI Softkey located on the PFD. The active NAV frequency selected for navigation is displayed in green.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NAV radios are selected for listening by pressing the corresponding keys on the Audio Panel. Pressing the NAV1, NAV2, ADF, or DME Key selects and deselects the navigation radio source. Selected audio can be heard over the headset and the speaker (if selected). All radios can be selected individually or simultaneously.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW SELECTING THE RADIO TO BE TUNED FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Press the small NAV Knob to transfer the frequency tuning box and Frequency Transfer Arrow between the upper and lower radio frequency fields. The small NAV Knob on the MFD is linked to the pilot side PFD (PFD1) only. The small NAV Knob on the copilot side PFD (PFD2) operates independently.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTO-TUNING A NAV FREQUENCY FROM THE MFD FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AUDIO PANEL AND CNS • WPT – VOR Information • NRST – Nearest Frequencies (FSS, WX) • NRST – Nearest Airports • NRST – Nearest Airspaces NAV frequencies can be selected and loaded from the following MFD pages: • WPT – Airport Information • NRST – Nearest VOR EIS The MFD provides auto-tuning of NAV frequencies from waypoint and nearest pages.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Or: 1) When on the NRST pages, press the MENU Key to display the page menu. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the menu options. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Press the ENT Key to place the cursor in the desired window. 4) Scroll through the frequency selections with the FMS Knob. 5) Press the ENT Key to load the NAV frequency into the standby field of the selected NAV radio.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In the example shown, the VOR list is selected with the VOR Softkey or from the page menu. The FMS Knob or ENT Key is used to scroll through the list. The cursor is placed on the frequency with the FREQ Softkey and loaded into the NAV Tuning Box with the ENT Key. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Press the ENT Key to Load the Frequency into the NAV Standby Field.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW While enroute, NAV frequencies can also be auto-tuned from the NRST – Nearest Airports, WPT – Airport Information, WPT – VOR Information, and NRST – Nearest Frequencies Pages on the MFD in a similar manner using the appropriate softkeys or MENU Key, the FMS Knob, and the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING NAV FREQUENCIES ON APPROACH ACTIVATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The primary NAV frequency is auto-tuned upon loading a VOR or ILS/Localizer approach. NOTE: When an ILS/LOC approach has been activated while navigating by GPS, the system automatically switches to LOC as the final approach course is intercepted (within 15 nm of the FAF). See the Flight Management Section for details.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW MARKER BEACON RECEIVER NOTE: The marker beacon indicators operate independently of marker beacon audio and cannot be turned FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS off. The marker beacon receiver is used as part of the ILS. The marker beacon receiver is always on and detects any marker beacon signals within the reception range of the aircraft.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS DME TUNING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: When another auxiliary window is turned on, the DME Tuning Window is replaced on the PFD. NOTE: When turning on the G1000 for use, the system remembers the last frequency used for DME tuning and the NAV1, NAV2, or HOLD state prior to shutdown. The G1000 System tunes the DME transceiver. The UHF DME frequency is tuned by pairing with a VHF NAV frequency. DME frequency pairing is automatic and only the VHF NAV frequency is shown.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW 4.4 GTX 33 MODE S TRANSPONDER FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The GTX 33 Mode S Transponder provides Mode A, Mode C, and Mode S interrogation and reply capabilities.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS XPDR1 XPDR2 STBY ON ALT GND VFR XPDR IDENT CODE IDENT BACK ALERTS Pressing the BACK Softkey returns to the top-level softkeys. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 IDENT BKSP BACK ALERTS EIS 0 AUDIO PANEL & CNS Pressing the BACK Softkey returns to the mode selection softkeys.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW TRANSPONDER MODE SELECTION Mode selection can be automatic (Ground and Altitude Modes) or manual (Standby, ON, and Altitude Modes). The STBY, ON, and ALT Softkeys can be accessed by pressing the XPDR Softkey. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting a transponder mode: 1) Press the XPDR Softkey to display the Transponder Mode Selection Softkeys. 2) Press the desired softkey to activate the transponder mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS MANUAL ON MODE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ON Mode can be selected at any time by pressing the ON Softkey. ON Mode generates Mode A and Mode S replies, but Mode C altitude reporting is inhibited. In ON Mode, a green ON indication and transponder code appear in the mode field of the Transponder Data Box.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW ENTERING A TRANSPONDER CODE Entering a transponder code with softkeys: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Press the XPDR Softkey to display the Transponder Mode Selection Softkeys. 2) Press the CODE Softkey to display the Transponder Code Selection Softkeys, for digit entry. 3) Press the digit softkeys to enter the code in the code field.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS VFR CODE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The VFR code can be entered either manually or by pressing the XPDR Softkey, then the VFR Softkey. When the VFR Softkey is pressed, the pre-programmed VFR code is automatically displayed in the code field of the Transponder Data Box. Pressing the VFR Softkey again restores the previous identification code. The pre-programmed VFR Code is set at the factory to 1200.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT ID REPORTING NOTE: If the Flight ID is required but the system is not configured for it, contact a Garmin-authorized service FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS center for configuration. When the Flight ID must be entered before flight operation, the identifier is placed in the Timer/References Window on the PFD. The Flight ID is not to exceed seven characters. No space is needed when entering Flight ID.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.5 ADDITIONAL AUDIO PANEL FUNCTIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS POWER-UP The Audio Panel performs a self-test during power-up. During the self-test all Audio Panel annunciator lights illuminate for approximately two seconds. Once the self-test is completed, most of the settings are restored to those in use before the unit was last turned off. MONO/STEREO HEADSETS EIS Stereo headsets are recommended for use in this aircraft.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW INTERCOM FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The two (optional) Audio Panels include a six-position intercom system (ICS) and a stereo music input for the pilot, copilot and up to four passengers. The intercom provides Pilot and Copilot isolation from the passengers and aircraft radios. Pressing an ICS key on either Audio Panel selects and deselects the same key on both Audio Panels. Either the pilot or copilot may select or deselect the intercom.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS INTERCOM VOLUME AND SQUELCH NOTE: The pilot side Audio Panel adjusts the passenger volume and squelch on the pilot’s side of the FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS aircraft. The optional copilot side Audio Panel adjusts the passenger volume and squelch on the copilot’s side of the aircraft. EIS The PILOT/PASS Knob controls volume or manual squelch adjustment for the pilot and copilot/passenger. The small knob controls the pilot volume and squelch.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW (Optional with dual audio panels) The PILOT/PASS Knob on each Audio Panel controls volume or manual squelch adjustment for the pilot and passengers on each side of the aircraft. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Manual Squelch Annunciator; Off for Automatic Squelch, On for Manual Squelch Automatic/Manual Squelch EIS Volume Annunciation Passenger Volume or Manual Squelch AUDIO PANEL & CNS Pilot/Copilot Volume or Manual Squelch. Press to switch between VOL and SQ.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS CLEARANCE RECORDER AND PLAYER NOTE: Pressing the play key on the pilot’s Audio Panel plays recorded audio to the pilot. Pressing the play FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS key on the optional copilot’s Audio Panel plays recorded audio to the copilot. The Audio Panel contains a digital clearance recorder that records up to 2.5 minutes of the selected COM radio signal. Recorded COM audio is stored in separate memory blocks. Once 2.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW ENTERTAINMENT INPUTS NOTE: Music audio cannot be completely turned off. Audio level for the crew and passengers can be FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS adjusted by a Garmin-authorized service center. NOTE: The stereo entertainment input is not controlled by the AUX Key on the Audio Panel. The AUX Key is reserved for an auxiliary radio input.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.6 AUDIO PANEL PREFLIGHT PROCEDURE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: If the pilot and/or copilot are using headsets that have a high/low switch or volume control knob, verify that the switch is in the high position and the volume control on the headsets are at maximum volume setting. On single‑pilot flights, verify that all other headsets are not connected to avoid excess noise in the audio system.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Setting the Audio Panel(s) during preflight: 1) Verify that the PILOT and COPLT Annunciators are extinguished on the audio panel(s). 2) Verify manual squelch is set to full open on the audio panel(s). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Turn the PILOT/PASS Knobs on the audio panel(s) clockwise two full turns. This sets the intercom level to max volume (least amount of attenuation). 4) Adjust radio volume levels (COM, NAV) to a suitable level.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.7 ABNORMAL OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Abnormal operation of the G1000 includes equipment failures of the G1000 components and failure of associated equipment, including switches and external devices. STUCK MICROPHONE If the push-to-talk (PTT) Key becomes stuck, the COM transmitter stops transmitting after 35 seconds of continuous operation. An alert appears on the PFD to advise the pilot of a stuck microphone.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL FAIL-SAFE OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS (Standard single audio panel installation) If there is a failure of the Audio Panel, a fail-safe circuit connects the pilot’s headset and microphone directly to the COM1 transceiver. Audio is not available on the speaker during Fail-safe operation.
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS Blank Page 134 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 5 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 5.1 INTRODUCTION The G1000 is an integrated flight, engine, communication, navigation and surveillance system. This section of the Pilot’s Guide explains flight management using the G1000. EIS The most prominent part of the G1000 are the three full color displays: two Primary Flight Displays (PFDs) and one Multi Function Display (MFD).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Navigation Status Box Navigation Mode Inset Map AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Location of: - Direct To Window - Flight Plan Window - Procedures Window - Nearest Airports Window Figure 5-1 GPS Navigation Information on the PFD FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Navigation Status Box Map Orientation Navigation Page Title Navigation Map HAZARD AVOIDANCE - Aviation Data - Geographic Data - Topographic Data - Hazard Data Aircraft Icon at Present Position Active Flight P
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT • Distance (DIS) and Bearing (BRG) to the next waypoint or flight plan annunciations (e.g., ‘TOD within 1 minute’) • Bearing (BRG) The symbols used in the PFD status bar are: Symbol Description Active Leg FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Navigation Status Box located at the top of the MFD contains four data fields, each displaying one of the following items: SYSTEM OVERVIEW • Active flight plan leg (e.g., ‘D-> KICT’ or ‘KIXD -> KCOS’) or flight plan annunciations (e.g.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.2 USING MAP DISPLAYS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Map displays are used extensively in the G1000 to provide situational awareness in flight. Most G1000 maps can display the following information: • Airports, NAVAIDs, airspaces, airways, land data (highways, cities, lakes, rivers, borders, etc.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW • Desired track up (DTK UP) aligns the top of the map display to the desired course. • Heading up (HDG UP) aligns the top of the map display to the current aircraft heading. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: When panning or reviewing active flight plan legs in a non-North Up orientation, the map does not show the map orientation nor the wind direction and speed. NOTE: Map orientation can only be changed on the Navigation Map Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired orientation. 5) Press the ENT Key to select the new orientation. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 6) Press the FMS Knob to return to the base page. MAP RANGE AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS There are 28 different map ranges available, from 500 feet to 2000 nm. The current range is indicated in the lower right corner of the map and represents the top-to-bottom distance covered by the map.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW • Flight plans that have a combination of long and short legs cause the range to increase and decrease as waypoints sequence. To avoid this, auto zoom can be disabled or the maximum/minimum times can be adjusted. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • The ‘time out’ time (configurable on the Map Setup Page for the Map Group) determines how long auto zoom is overridden by a manual adjustment of the range knob. At the expiration of this time, the auto zoom range is restored.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT MAP PANNING Map panning allows the pilot to: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • View parts of the map outside the displayed range without adjusting the map range • Highlight and select locations on the map • Review information for a selected airport, NAVAID or user waypoint • Designate locations for use in flight planning • View airspace and airway information AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS When the panning function is selected by pressing the Joystick, the Map Pointer flashes on the map d
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW When the Map Pointer is placed on an object, the name of the object is highlighted (even if the name was not originally displayed on the map). When any map feature or object is selected on the map display, pertinent information is displayed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Information about Airspace AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Map Pointer on Airspace FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-10 Navigation Map - Map Pointer on Airspace Panning the map: 1) Press the Joystick to display the Map Pointer. HAZARD AVOIDANCE 2) Move the Joystick to move the Map Pointer around the map. 3) Press the Joystick to remove the Map Pointer and recenter the map on the aircraft’s current position.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NAVAID Information EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS GO BACK Softkey FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-11 Navigation Map - Information Window - NAVAID Viewing airspace information for a special-use or controlled airspace: 1) Place the Map Pointer on an open area within the boundaries of an airspace. HAZARD AVOIDANCE 2) Press the ENT Key to display an options menu. 3) ‘Review Airspaces’ should already be highlighted, if not select it.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT MEASURING BEARING AND DISTANCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Distance and bearing from the aircraft’s present position to any point on the viewable navigation map may be calculated using the ‘Measure Bearing and Distance’ selection from Navigation Map page menu. The bearing and distance tool displays a dashed Measurement Line and a Measure Pointer to aid in graphically identifying points with which to measure.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW TOPOGRAPHY FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS All navigation maps can display various shades of topography colors representing land elevation, similar to aviation sectional charts. Topographic data can be displayed or removed as described in the following procedures.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS TOPO DATA On/Off TOPO DATA Range Figure 5-15 Navigation Map Setup Menu - TOPO DATA Setup The topographic data range is the maximum map range on which topographic data is displayed. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NOTE: Since the PFD Inset Map is much smaller than the MFD navigation maps, items are removed on the PFD Inset Map two range levels smaller than the range selected in the Map Setup pages (e.g.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Maximum Displayed Elevation Minimum Displayed Elevation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Aircraft Altitude (MSL) Range of Displayed Elevations Ground Elevation at Map Pointer Location (only visible when Map Pointer is displayed) EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-16 Navigation Map - TOPO SCALE Displaying/removing the topographic scale (TOPO SCALE): FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT MAP SYMBOLS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS This section discusses the types of land and aviation symbols that can be displayed. Each listed type of symbol can be turned on or off, and the maximum range to display each symbol can be set. The decluttering of the symbols from the map using the DCLTR Softkey is also discussed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW AVIATION SYMBOLS The following items are configured on the aviation menu: Aviation Symbols Symbol Default Maximum Range (nm) Range (nm) 2000 500 300 100 20 100 30 Non-directional Beacon (NDB WAYPOINT) 15 30 VOR (VOR WAYPOINT) 150 300 Class B Airspace/TMA (CLASS B/TMA) 200 500 Class C Airspace/TCA (CLASS C/TCA) 200 500 Class D Airspace (CLASS D) 150 300 Restricted Area (RESTRICTED) 200 500 Military Operations Area [MOA(MILITARY)] 200 500 Other/Air D
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYMBOL SETUP FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS All pages with maps can display land symbols (roads, lakes, borders, etc). Land symbols can be removed totally (turned off). Displaying/removing all land symbols: 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The Page Menu is displayed and the cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Press the ENT Key. The Map Setup Group Menu is displayed and the cursor flashes on the ‘Map’ option.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 7) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected range. 8) Press the FMS Knob to return to the Navigation Map Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT MAP DECLUTTER FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The declutter feature allows the pilot to progressively step through four levels of removing map information. The declutter level is displayed in the DCLTR Softkey and next to the Declutter Menu Option. Declutter Level EIS DCLTR Softkey Navigation Map Page Menu AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-21 Navigation Map - Declutter Level Indications Decluttering the map: Press the DCLTR Softkey with the Navigation Map Page displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Table 5-3 lists the items displayed at each declutter level. The ‘X’ represents map items displayed for the various levels of declutter.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AIRWAYS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS This airways discussion is based upon the North American airway structure. The airway structure in places other than North America vary by location, etc. and are not discussed in this book. Low Altitude Airways (or Victor Airways) primarily serve smaller piston-engine, propeller-driven airplanes on shorter routes and at lower altitudes.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Airways may be displayed on the map at the pilot’s discretion using either a combination of AIRWAYS Softkey presses, or menu selections using the MENU Key from the Navigation Map Page. The Airway range can also be programmed to only display Airways on the MFD when the map range is at or below a specific number. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Displaying/removing airways: 1) Press the MAP Softkey. 2) Press the AIRWAYS Softkey.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The following range items are configurable on the airways menu: Airway Type Symbol Default Maximum Range (nm) Range (nm) 200 500 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Low Altitude Airway (LOW ALT AIRWAY) High Altitude Airway (HI ALT AIRWAY) 300 500 EIS Table 5-4 Airway Range Information TRACK VECTOR FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS The Navigation Map can display a track vector that is useful in minimizing track angle error.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Nav Range Ring On/Off FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Wind Vector On/Off Track Vector - On/Off - Look Ahead Time EIS Fuel Range - On/Off - Fuel Reserve Time AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-25 Navigation Map Setup Menu -TRACK VECTOR, WIND VECTOR, NAV RANGE RING, FUEL RANGE RING Setup WIND VECTOR Wind Direction FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The map displays a wind vector arrow in the upper right-hand portion of the screen.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NAV RANGE RING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Nav Range Ring shows the direction of travel (ground track) on a rotating compass card. The range is determined by the map range. The range is 1/4 of the map range (e.g., 37.5 nm on a 150 nm map).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW FUEL RANGE RING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The map can display a fuel range ring which shows the remaining flight distance. A dashed green circle indicates the selected range to reserve fuel. A solid green circle indicates the total endurance range. If only reserve fuel remains, the range is indicated by a solid yellow circle.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FIELD OF VIEW (SVS) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The map can display the boundaries of the PFD Synthetic Vision System (SVS) lateral field of view. The field of view is shown as two dashed lines forming a V shape in front of the aircraft symbol on the map. This is only available if SVS is installed on the aircraft.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.3 WAYPOINTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Waypoints are predetermined geographical positions (internal database) or pilot-entered positions, and are used for all phases of flight planning and navigation. Communication and navigation frequencies can be tuned “automatically” from various Waypoint Information (WPT) pages, Nearest (NRST) pages, and the Nearest Airports Window (on PFD). This auto-tuning feature simplifies frequency entry over manual tuning.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Identifier with Duplicates AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Duplicate Waypoints FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Duplicate Message Figure 5-31 Waypoint Information Window - Duplicate Identifier AIRPORTS HAZARD AVOIDANCE NOTE: ‘North Up’ orientation on the Airport Information Page cannot be changed; the pilot needs to be aware of proper orientation if the Navigation Map orientation is different from the Airport Information Page Map.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Airport Information FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - ID/Facility/City - Usage Type/Region - Lat/Long/Elev - Fuel Available - Time Zone (UTC Offset) Navigation Map Showing Selected Airport Runway Information - Designation - Length/Width/Surface - Lighting Available EIS Airport/Runway Diagram COM/NAV Freq. Info.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Airport Directory Information Airport Information AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - ID/Facility/City - Usage Type/Region FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Softkeys Figure 5-33 Airport Directory Page Example HAZARD AVOIDANCE The AOPA directory information is viewed on the Airport Directory Page by pressing the INFO softkey until INFO-2 is displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selecting an airport for review by identifier, facility name, or location: 1) From the Airport Information Page, press the FMS Knob. 2) Use the FMS Knobs and enter an identifier, facility name, or location. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Press the ENT Key. 4) Press the FMS Knob to remove the cursor. Selecting a runway: 1) With the Airport Information Page displayed, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The Airport Frequencies Box uses the descriptions and abbreviations listed in the following table: AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Communication Frequencies Approach * Control Pre-Taxi Arrival * CTA * Radar ASOS Departure * Ramp ATIS Gate Terminal * AWOS Ground TMA * Center Helicopter Tower Class B * Multicom TRSA * Class C * Other Unicom Clearance Navigation Frequencies ILS LOC * May include Additional Information Table 5-5 Airport Frequency Abbreviations
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the ENT Key displays the PFD Airport Information Window for the highlighted airport. Pressing the ENT Key again returns to the Nearest Airports Window with the cursor on the next airport in the list. Continued presses of the ENT Key sequences through the information pages for all airports in the Nearest Airports list.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Nearest Airports FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - ID/Type - Bearing/Distance Airport Information EIS - Facility/City/Elevation Nearest Airport Runway Information Navigation Map Showing Nearest Airport COM/NAV Freq. Info.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Viewing runway information for a specific airport: 1) With the Nearest Airports Page displayed, press the RNWY Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Select Runway Window’; and press the ENT Key. The cursor is placed in the ‘RUNWAYS’ Box. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired runway. 3) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT INTERSECTIONS NOTE: The VOR displayed on the Intersection Information Page is the nearest VOR, not necessarily the VOR FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS used to define the intersection. The Intersection Information Page is used to view information about intersections.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Nearest Intersections Page can be used to quickly find an intersection close to the flight path. In addition to displaying a map of the surrounding area, the page displays information for up to 25 nearest intersections in three boxes labeled ‘NEAREST INT’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘REFERENCE VOR’. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The selected intersection is indicated by a white arrow. Up to eleven Intersections are visible at a time.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NDBS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The NDB Information Page is used to view information about NDBs. In addition to displaying a map of the currently selected NDB and surrounding area, the page displays NDB information in four boxes labeled ‘NDB’, ‘INFORMATION’, ‘FREQUENCY’, and ‘NEAREST AIRPORT’.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Nearest NDB Page can be used to quickly find a NDB close to the flight path. In addition to displaying a map of the surrounding area, the page displays information for up to 25 nearest NDBs in three boxes labeled ‘NEAREST NDB’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘FREQUENCY’. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A white arrow before the NDB identifier indicates the selected NDB. Up to eleven NDBs are visible at a time. If there are more than can be shown, each list can be scrolled.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT VORS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The VOR Information Page can be used to view information about VOR and ILS signals (since ILS signals can be received on a NAV receiver), or to quickly auto-tune a VOR or ILS frequency. Localizer information cannot be viewed on the VOR Information Page. If a VOR station is combined with a TACAN station it is listed as a VORTAC on the VOR Information Page and if it includes only DME, it is displayed as VOR-DME.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1) With the Nearest VOR Page displayed, press the MENU Key. 2) Highlight ‘Select VOR Window’, and press the ENT Key. 3) Press the ENT Key or turn either FMS Knob to select an identifier in the Nearest VOR Box. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 4) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. EIS The Nearest VOR Page can be used to quickly find a VOR station close to the aircraft. Also, a NAV frequency from a selected VOR station can be loaded from the Nearest VOR Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT USER WAYPOINTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 can create and store up to 1,000 user-defined waypoints. User waypoints can be created from any map page (except PFD Inset Map, AUX-Trip Planning Page, or Procedure Pages) by selecting a position on the map using the Joystick, or from the User Waypoint Information Page by referencing a bearing/distance from an existing waypoint, bearings from two existing waypoints, or latitude and longitude.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Nearest User Wpt List Navigation Map Showing Selected User Waypoint FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - Identifier - Bearing/Distance from aircraft position EIS User Waypoint Info - Comment - Lat/Long Selected User Waypoint AUDIO PANEL & CNS Reference Wpt Info - Identifier - Radial/Distance Figure 5-45 Nearest User Waypoint Page FLIGHT MANAGEMENT CREATING USER WAYPOINTS User waypoints can be created from the User Waypoint Information Page in the following ways: Creating user w
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 1) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Enter a user waypoint name (up to six characters). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Press the ENT Key. The message ‘Are you sure you want to create the new User Waypoint AAAAAA?’ is displayed. 4) With ‘YES’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 3) Enter a user waypoint name (up to six characters). 4) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected name. The first reference waypoint box is highlighted. 5) If desired, define the type and location of the waypoint in one of the following ways: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS a) Select “RAD/RAD” using the small FMS Knob, press the ENT Key, and enter the two reference waypoint identifiers and radials into the REFERENCE WAYPOINTS window using the FMS Knobs.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Changing the location of an existing waypoint to the aircraft present position: 1) Enter a waypoint name or select the waypoint in the User Waypoint List, then press the ENT Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) Select ‘Use Present Position’. 4) Press the ENT Key twice. The new waypoint’s location is saved. 5) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW DELETING USER WAYPOINTS Deleting a single user waypoint: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Highlight a User Waypoint in the User Waypoint List, or enter a waypoint in the User Waypoint field. 2) Press the DELETE Softkey or press the CLR Key. ‘Yes’ is highlighted in the confirmation window. 3) Press the ENT Key. 4) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. Or: EIS 1) Highlight a User Waypoint in the User Waypoint List, or enter a waypoint in the User Waypoint field.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.4 AIRSPACES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 can display the following types of airspaces: Class B/TMA, Class C/TCA, Class D, Restricted, MOA (Military), Other Airspace, Air Defense Interdiction Zone (ADIZ), and Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Airspace Alerts Box allows the pilot to turn the controlled/special-use airspace message alerts on or off. This does not affect the alerts listed on the Nearest Airspaces Page or the airspace boundaries depicted on the Navigation Map Page. It simply turns on/off the warning provided when the aircraft is approaching or near an airspace. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS An altitude buffer is also provided which “expands” the vertical range above or below an airspace.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Map ranges for the airspace boundaries are selected from the Aviation Group in the Map Setup Menu. See Table 5-2 for the default and maximum ranges for each type of airspace and the symbol used to define the airspace area. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Nearest Airspaces Page can be used to quickly find airspaces close to the flight path. In addition, a selected frequency associated with the airspace can be loaded from the Nearest Airspaces Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the PFD ALERTS Softkey displays the message window on the PFD. The following airspace alerts are displayed in the message window: Comments The aircraft is inside the special use airspace. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Special use airspace is ahead of aircraft. The aircraft penetrates the airspace within 10 minutes. Special use airspace is near and ahead of the aircraft position. Special use airspace is within 2 nm of the aircraft position.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.5 DIRECT-TO-NAVIGATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Direct-to method of navigation, initiated by pressing the Direct-to Key on either the MFD or PFD, is quicker to use than a flight plan when the desire is to navigate to a single point such as a nearby airport. Once a direct-to is activated, the G1000 establishes a point-to-point course line from the present position to the selected direct-to destination.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Any waypoint can be entered as a direct-to destination from the Direct-to Window. Entering a waypoint identifier, facility name, or city as a direct-to destination: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Direct-to Window is displayed (with the active flight plan wayoint as the default selection or a blank waypoint field if no flight plan is active).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Any NRST, RECENT, USER, or AIRWAY waypoints can be selected as a direct-to destination in the Direct-to Window. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting a NRST, RECENT, USER, or AIRWAY waypoint as a direct-to destination: 1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Direct-to Window is displayed (with the active flight plan destination as the default selection or a blank destination if no flight plan is active).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed on ‘ACTIVATE?’. 6) Press the ENT Key again to activate the direct-to. Cancelling a Direct-to: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Press the Direct-to Key to display the Direct-to Window. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Cancel Direct-To NAV’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. If a flight plan is still active, the G1000 resumes navigating the flight plan along the closest leg.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A direct-to with altitude constraints creates a descent path (and provides guidance to stay on the path) from the aircraft’s current altitude to the altitude of the direct-to waypoint. The altitude is reached at the waypoint, or at the specified distance along the flight path if an offset distance has been entered. All VNV altitudes prior to the direct-to destination are removed from the active flight plan upon successful activation of the direct-to.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.6 FLIGHT PLANNING Flight Plan Leg Type FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight planning on the G1000 consists of building a flight plan by entering waypoints one at a time, adding waypoints along airways, and inserting departures, airways, arrivals, or approaches as needed. The G1000 allows flight planning information to be entered from either the MFD or PFD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The following could cause the airway update to fail: • Airway identifier, entry waypoint or exit waypoint not found in the new database. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Airway entry/exit waypoint is not an acceptable waypoint for the airway – either the waypoint is no longer on the airway, or there is a new directional restriction that prevents it being used. • Loading the new airway sequence would exceed the capacity of the flight plan.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Active Flight Plan Comment FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Active Flight Plan Leg Active Flight Plan Waypoint List - Waypoint ID - Desired Track to Waypoint - Distance to Waypoint - Airway Identifier EIS Figure 5-56 Active Flight Plan Window on PFD AUDIO PANEL & CNS Catalog Contents - # Used - # Empty FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Flight Plan List - Comment HAZARD AVOIDANCE Selected Flight Plan Map Selected FPL Info Softkeys AFCS - Departure Waypoint - Destination Waypoint - Total Flig
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4) Enter the identifier, facility, or city name of the departure waypoint or select a waypoint from the submenu of waypoints and press the ENT Key. The active flight plan is modified as each waypoint is entered. 5) Repeat step numbers 3 and 4 to enter each additional flight plan waypoint. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 6) When all waypoints have been entered, press the FMS Knob to remove the cursor. Creating a stored flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flight plans can be imported from an SD Card or exported to an SD Card from the Stored Flight Plan Page. Importing a Flight Plan from an SD Card FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Insert the SD card containing the flight plan in the top card slot on the MFD. 2) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 4) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NOTE: If the imported flight plan contains a waypoint with a name that duplicates the name of a waypoint FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS already stored on the system, the system compares the coordinates of the imported waypoint with those of the existing waypoint. If the coordinates are different, the imported waypoint is automatically renamed by adding characters to the end of the name.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDING WAYPOINTS TO AN EXISTING FLIGHT PLAN FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Waypoints can be added to the active flight plan or any stored flight plan. Choose the flight plan, select the desired point of insertion, enter the waypoint, and it is added in front of the selected waypoint. Flight plans are limited to 99 waypoints (including waypoints within airways and procedures). If the number of waypoints in the flight plan exceeds 99, the message “Flight plan is full.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Adding a waypoint to a stored flight plan: 1) On the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Highlight the desired flight plan. 3) Press the EDIT Softkey; or press the ENT Key, turn the large FMS Knob clockwise to select “EDIT” and press the ENT Key. The Stored Flight Plan Page is displayed. 4) Select the point in the flight plan to add the new waypoint.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Creating and adding user waypoints to the active flight plan: 1) Press the Joystick to activate the panning function on the Active Flight Plan Page and pan to the map location of the desired user waypoint. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the LD WPT Softkey; or press the MENU Key, select ‘Load Waypoint’, and press the ENT Key. The user waypoint is created with a name of USRxxx (using the next available in sequence) and is added to the end of the active flight plan.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5) Turn the FMS Knob to select the desired airway from the list, and press the ENT Key. Low altitude airways are shown first in the list, followed by “all” altitude airways, and then high altitude airways. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 6) Turn the FMS Knob to select the desired airway exit point from the list, and press the ENT Key. ‘LOAD?’ is highlighted. 7) Press the ENT Key. The system returns to editing the flight plan with the new airway inserted.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW RESTRICTIONS ON ADDING AIRWAYS Some airways have directional restrictions on all or part of the route. Airway “A2” in Europe has a directional restriction over the whole route such that it can be flown only in the direction MTD-ABB-BNE-DEVAL.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT DEPARTURE (DP) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A Departure Procedure (DP) is loaded at the departure airport in the flight plan. Only one departure can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route is defined by selection of a departure, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Departure Airport FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Departure Selected Runway Preview of Selected Departure Selected Transition Departure Transition Points Available EIS Selected Departure End Point AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-68 Departure Loading Page - Selecting Transition FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Inserted Departure Header HAZARD AVOIDANCE - Departure Identifier: [departure airport]-[departure runway]. [departure transition]. [departure end point] (e.g., KMKC-ALL.TIFTO2.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ARRIVAL (STAR) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) is loaded at the destination airport in the flight plan. Only one arrival can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route is defined by selection of an arrival, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Destination Airport FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Arrival Selected Transition Transitions Available with DBRY1 EIS Arrival Waypoint Sequence Preview of Selected Arrival AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-71 Arrival Loading Page - Selecting the Transition FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE Inserted Arrival Header AFCS - Arrival Identifier: [arrival airport]-[arrival transition]. [arrival].[arrival runway] (e.g., KCOS-ALS.DBRY1.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT APPROACH (APPR) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS An Approach Procedure (APPR) can be loaded at any airport that has an approach available. Only one approach can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route for a selected approach is defined by designating transition waypoints.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Destination Airport FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Approach Selected Transition Preview of Selected Approach Transitions Available with Selected Approach EIS Approach Waypoint Sequence AUDIO PANEL & CNS Load Approach? Figure 5-74 Approach Loading Page - Selecting the Transition FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE Inserted Approach Header - Approach Identifier: [approach airport].
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4) The Flight Plan Information is displayed showing departure, destination, total distance, and enroute safe altitude information for the selected Flight Plan. 5) Press the EDIT Softkey to open the Stored Flight Plan Page and view the waypoints in the flight plan. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 6) Press the FMS Knob to exit the Stored Flight Plan Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW ACTIVATE A FLIGHT PLAN FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Activating a stored flight plan erases the active flight plan and replaces it with the flight plan being activated. Inverting a stored flight plan reverses the waypoint order, erases the active flight plan, and replaces it with the flight plan being activated (the stored flight plan is not changed).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 3) Press the DELETE Softkey; press the CLR Key; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Delete Flight Plan’, and press the ENT Key. The ‘Delete Flight Plan XX?’ window is displayed. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 4) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to delete the flight plan. To cancel the request, press the CLR Key, or highlight ‘CANCEL’ and press the ENT Key. NOTE: The option to delete all stored flight plans is not available while the aircraft is in flight.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Deleting an entire airway from the active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor (not required on the PFD) and turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the white header of the airway to be deleted. 3) Press the CLR Key. The ‘Remove ?’ window is displayed. 4) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Deleting an entire airway from a stored flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the small FMS Knob clockwise one click to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 3) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the flight plan to be edited. 4) Press the EDIT Softkey; or press the MENU Key, select ‘Edit Flight Plan’ and press the ENT Key. The Stored Flight Plan Page is displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW CHANGING FLIGHT PLAN COMMENTS (NAMES) The comment field (or name) of each flight plan can be changed to something that is useful for identification and sorting. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Changing the active flight plan comment: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the comment field. 3) Use the FMS Knobs to edit the comment.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Along Track Offset Waypoint and Distance from Flight Plan Waypoint AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Along Track Offset Waypoint and Distance FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-77 Along Track Offset Entering an along track offset distance: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW PARALLEL TRACK FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Parallel Track (PTK) feature allows creation of a parallel course offset of 1 to 50 nm left or right of the current flight plan. When Parallel Track is activated, the course line drawn on the map pages shows the parallel course, and waypoint names have a lower case “p” placed after the identifier. Using direct-to, loading an approach, a holding pattern, or editing and activating the flight plan automatically cancels Parallel Track.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Offset Direction Offset Distance FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Activation Prompt HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 5-79 Parallel Track Window AFCS Parallel Track Waypoints - TIFTO-p - TOP-p - SLN-p - HYS-p - LAA-p Activating Parallel Track affects the entire active flight segment (e.g.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW indicates that the system is unable to activate the parallel track with the message ‘Parallel Track Unavailable Approach Leg Active’. If the offset direction and distance results in an unreasonable route geometry the status indicates that the system is unable to activate the parallel track because of invalid geometry.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ACTIVATING A FLIGHT PLAN LEG FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Activating a flight plan leg: The G1000 allows selection of a highlighted leg as the “active leg” (the flight plan leg which is currently used for navigation guidance). 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS New Active Flight Plan Leg EIS Confirmation Window AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-84 Active Flight Plan Page - New Active Leg FLIGHT MANAGEMENT INVERTING A FLIGHT PLAN Any flight plan may be inverted (reversed) for navigation back to the original departure point. Inverting the active flight plan: HAZARD AVOIDANCE 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT PLAN VIEWS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Information about flight plans can be viewed in more than one way. The active flight plan can be configured to show cumulative distance over the length of the flight plan or the distance for each leg of the flight plan; and the active flight plan can be viewed in a narrow or wide view.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Active Flight Plan Narrow View Active Flight Plan Wide View FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS WIDE Softkey, NARROW Softkey, LEG-LEG Softkey, CUM Softkey FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-86 Active Flight Plan - Wide vs. Narrow View COLLAPSING AIRWAYS HAZARD AVOIDANCE The G1000 allows airways on the active flight plan to be collapsed or expanded from the Active Flight Plan Page/Window. When airways have been collapsed, it is indicated on the airway heading.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Q3.FEPOT Airway EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Collapsed View Expanded View AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-87 Expanded/Collapsed Airways Collapsing/expanding the airways in the active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD). FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 2) Press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Collapse Airways’ or ‘Expand Airways’, and press the ENT Key. The airways are collapsed/expanded.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.7 VERTICAL NAVIGATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The G1000 supports vertical navigation for all lateral leg types except for CA, CI, FA, FM, HA, HM, PI, VA, VD, VI, VR, and VM. Vertical constraints are not retained in stored flight plans. Current Vertical Navigation Profile EIS The G1000 system Vertical Navigation (VNV) feature provides vertical profile guidance during the enroute and teminal phases of flight.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Canceling vertical navigation results in vertical deviation (V DEV), vertical speed required (VS REQ), and time to top of descent/bottom of descent (TIME TO TOD/BOD) going invalid. The Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI) and Required Vertical Speed Indication (RVSI) on the PFD are removed, and the V DEV, VS REQ, and TIME TO TOD items displayed in the CURRENT VNV PROFILE box are dashed. VNV remains disabled until manually enabled.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 4) Press the ENT Key. Vertical guidance begins to the altitude constraint for the selected waypoint. 5) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The vertical navigation profile can be modified by directly entering a vertical speed target (VS TGT) and/or flight path angle (FPA) in the CURRENT VNV PROFILE box. Modifying the VS TGT and FPA: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS White Text Light Blue Text Light Blue Subdued Text Large Altitude calculated by the system Text estimating the altitude of the aircraft as it passes over the navigation point. This altitude is provided as a reference and is not designated to be used in determining vertical speed and deviation guidance. Altitude has been entered manually. Altitude is designated for use in giving vertical speed and deviation guidance.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW An altitude constraint is invalid if: • Meeting the constraint requires the aircraft to climb • Meeting the constraint requires the maximum flight path angle or maximum vertical speed to be exceeded FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • The altitude constraint results in a TOD behind the aircraft present position • The constraint is within a leg type for which altitude constraints are not supported • The altitude constraint is added to the FAF of an approach that provides vertical guidan
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Reverting a manually entered altitude constraint back to the navigation database value: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the FMS Knob, and turn to highlight the desired waypoint altitude constraint. 3) Press the CLR Key. A ‘Remove or Revert to published VNV altitude of nnnnnFT?’ confirmation window is displayed. 4) Select ‘REVERT’ and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.8 PROCEDURES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 can access the whole range of instrument procedures available. Departures (DPs), arrivals (STARs), and non-precision and precision approaches (APPRs) are stored within the database and can be loaded using the Procedures (PROC) Key. EIS The selected procedure for the departure or arrival airport is added to the active flight plan.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Departure Airport AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Available Procedure Actions Loaded Procedures Departure Preview Departure Choices FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-91 Departure Selection Loaded Departure ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Selected Departure Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys INDEX APPENDICES Figure 5-92 Departure Loading 232 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Viewing available departures at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), press the DP Softkey. The Departure Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport information Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. To select a different airport, use the FMS Knob to enter an identifier/ facility name/city, and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ARRIVALS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) can be loaded at any airport that has one available. Only one arrival can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. If an arrival is loaded when another arrival is already in the active flight plan, the new arrival replaces the previous arrival. The route is defined by selection of an arrival, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selected Arrival Loaded Arrival FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys Figure 5-94 Arrival Loading FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Viewing available arrivals at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), press the STAR Softkey. The Arrival Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport Information Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 3) Press the ENT Key. A confirmation window is displayed listing the arrival procedure. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Or: 4) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. To cancel the removal request, highlight ‘CANCEL’ and press the ENT Key. 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD). 2) Press the FMS Knob, and turn to highlight the arrival header in the active flight plan. 3) Press the CLR Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Example on HSI EIS Approach Type - LNAV - LNAV+V - L/VNAV - LPV AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HSI Annunciation Description LNAV GPS approach using published LNAV minima LNAV+V GPS approach using published LNAV minima.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Destination Airport AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Available Procedure Actions Loaded Procedures Approach Preview Approach Choices FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-95 Approach Selection Loaded Approach ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Selected Approach Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys LOAD or ACTIVATE? Annunciation APPENDICES Figure 5-96 Approach Loading Viewing available approaches at an airport: INDEX 1) From the Airport Informa
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 3) Press the FMS Knob, then turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Approach. The approach is previewed on the map. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to view the available approaches. Press the ENT Key to select the approach. The cursor moves to the Transition box. The approach is previewed on the map. 5) Turn the small FMS Knob to view the available transitions. Press the ENT Key to select the transition. The cursor moves to the Minimums box.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ACTIVATING AN APPROACH A previously loaded approach can be activated from the Procedures Window. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Activating a previously loaded approach: 1) Press the PROC Key. The Procedures Window is displayed with ‘Activate Approach’ highlighted. 2) Press the ENT Key to activate the approach. EIS In many cases, it may be easiest to “load” the full approach while still some distance away, enroute to the destination airport.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW MISSED APPROACH Activating a missed approach in the active flight plan: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Press the PROC Key. 2) Turn the FMS Knob to highlight ‘ACTIVATE MISSED APPROACH’. 3) Press the ENT Key. The aircraft automatically sequences to the MAHP. Or: Press the Go-Around Button. EIS COURSE TO ALTITUDE AUDIO PANEL & CNS In this missed approach procedure, the altitude immediately following the MAP (in this case ‘6368ft’) is not part of the published procedure.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.9 TRIP PLANNING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 allows the pilot to view trip planning information, fuel information, and other information for a specified flight plan or flight plan leg based on automatic data, or based on manually entered data. Weight planning is also available, based on fuel sensor data and the active flight plan (to estimate remaining fuel).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW TRIP STATISTICS The trip statistics are calculated based on the selected starting and ending waypoints and the trip planning inputs. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In flight plan mode (FPL) with a stored flight plan selected (NN), and the entire flight plan (CUM) selected, the waypoints are the starting and ending waypoints of the selected flight plan.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FUEL STATISTICS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The fuel statistics are calculated based on the selected starting and ending waypoints and the trip planning inputs. Some of the calculated trip statistics are dashed when the selected leg of the active flight plan has already been flown. • Fuel efficiency (EFFICIENCY) - This value is calculated by dividing the current ground speed by the current fuel flow. • Time of fuel endurance (TOTAL ENDUR) - This time is shown as hours:minutes.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selecting automatic or manual page mode: Press the AUTO Softkey or the MANUAL Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Auto Mode’ or ‘Manual Mode’, and press the ENT Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting flight plan or waypoint mode: Press the FPL Softkey or the WPTS Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Flight Plan Mode’ or ‘Waypoints Mode’, and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.10 RAIM PREDICTION FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) is a GPS receiver function that performs a consistency check on all tracked satellites. RAIM ensures that the available satellite geometry allows the receiver to calculate a position within a specified RAIM protection limit (2.0 nm for oceanic, 2.0 nm for enroute, 1.0 nm for terminal, and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5) Turn the FMS Knobs to enter an arrival time and press the ENT Key. 6) Turn the FMS Knobs to enter an arrival date and press the ENT Key. 7) Press the ENT Key with ‘COMPUTE RAIM?’ highlighted to begin the computation. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Predicting RAIM availability at the aircraft present position: 1) Select the AUX-GPS Status Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob. The RAIM Prediction ‘WAYPOINT’ field is highlighted.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Enabling/Disabling SBAS: 1) Select the AUX-GPS Status Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the SBAS Softkey. 3) Press the FMS Knob, and turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘EGNOS’, ‘MSAS’ or ‘WAAS’. EIS 4) Press the ENT Key to disable SBAS. Press the ENT Key again to enable SBAS.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.11 NAVIGATING A FLIGHT PLAN FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The following discussion is an example of navigating a flight plan with an LPV approach using the SBAS capable GPS system while the G1000 provides vertical guidance through descents. A flight plan with an LNAV approach would be navigated in much the same way, but would not include vertical guidance when the final approach course is active. NOTE: The following example flight plan is for instructional purposes only.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) ATC now assigns routing to join V4. A heading of 290º is assigned to intercept V4. The aircraft turns to heading 290° as seen in Figure 5-105. Figure 5-105 Assigned Heading of 290º HAZARD AVOIDANCE 4) Enter V4 into the flight plan. INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 250 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW b) The desired entry point for V4 (TOP) must be entered. Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired flight plan insertion point (SLN) as shown in Figure 5-106. When the V4 entry point (TOP) is inserted, it is placed immediately above the highlighted waypoint (SLN). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-106 Begin Adding V4 to the Flight Plan c) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS d) Press the ENT Key. TOP is inserted into the flight plan as in Figure 5-108. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-108 TOP Inserted into the Flight Plan e) With SLN still highlighted as in Figure 5-108, turn the small FMS Knob clockwise. The Waypoint Information Page is displayed and the LD AIRWY Softkey is now available.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW h) Press the ENT Key. The list of available exits for V4 is now displayed as in Figure 5-110. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-110 List of Available Exits for V4 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT i) If necessary, turn either FMS Knob to select the desired exit. In this case Salina VOR (SLN) is selected as in Figure 5-110. j) Press the ENT Key. The selected airway and exit are displayed, and the prompt “LOAD?” highlighted as in Figure 5-111.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS l) V4 is now loaded into the flight plan as shown in Figure 5-112. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-112 V4 is Loaded in the Flight Plan 5) Making V4 the active leg of the flight plan. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. HAZARD AVOIDANCE b) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ULNAZ. The TO waypoint of the leg is selected in order to activate the leg. AFCS c) Press the ACT LEG Softkey.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS d) Verify the displayed leg is the desired leg and press the ENT Key. Note in Figure 5-114, the magenta arrow in the flight plan window and magenta line on the map indicating V4 is now the active flight plan leg. Note the phase of flight remained in Terminal (TERM) mode up to this point because a departure leg was active. Since a leg after the departure is now active, the current CDI flight phase is ENR (Enroute) and CDI scaling has changed to 2.0 nm.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 7) As the CDI approaches center, the aircraft turns onto the active leg as seen in Figure 5-115. Figure 5-115 Turn on to Active Leg ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE 8) At SLN, Victor Airway 244 (V244) is intercepted. Turn prompts are displayed in the PFD Navigation Status Box as seen in Figure 5-116.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 9) As seen in Figure 5-117, V244 is now the active flight plan leg. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-117 V244 Now Active Leg HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00749-03 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 10) At Lamar VOR (LAA) V263 is intercepted. See Figure 5-118. Figure 5-118 HYS to LAA Leg Active HAZARD AVOIDANCE 11) ATC grants clearance to proceed direct to the OPSHN intersection to begin the arrival procedure. ATC advises to expect an altitude of 10,000 feet at OPSHN. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. b) Turn the large FMS Knob to select OPSHN in the flight plan list. ) Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW d) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the cursor in the VNV altitude field as shown in Figure 5-120. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-120 Enter VNV Altitude e) An altitude of 10,000 feet is entered as requested by ATC. f) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed in the VNV offset field as shown in Figure 5-121.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS h) Press the ENT Key twice to activate the direct-to. Note, in Figure 5-122, the magenta arrow indicating the direct-to OPSHN after the offset waypoint for OPSHN. The preceding offset waypoint indicates the offset distance and altitude that were previously entered. The remaining waypoints in the loaded arrival procedure have no database specified altitudes, therefore, dashes are displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW b) ‘SELECT APPROACH’ should be highlighted as shown in Figure 5-123. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-123 Procedures Window c) Press the ENT Key. A list of available approaches for the destination airport is displayed as in Figure 5-124. HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES Figure 5-124 List of Available Approaches d) Turn either FMS Knob to select the LPV approach for 35R as shown in Figure 5-124.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS e) Press the ENT Key. A list of available transitions for the selected approach is displayed as in Figure 5-125. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-125 List of Available Transitions f) Turn either FMS Knob to select the desired transition. In this case, the Initial Approach Fix (IAF) at HABUK is used. g) Press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-126 Barometric Minimums Set FLIGHT MANAGEMENT i) With ‘LOAD?’ highlighted, again press the ENT Key. The selected approach is added to the flight plan as seen in Figure 5-127. HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES Figure 5-127 Loaded Approach INDEX 190-00749-03 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 13) Note the altitude constraints associated with each of the approach waypoints as seen in Figure 5-128. These altitudes are loaded from the database and are displayed as light blue text, indicating these values are “designated” for use in computing vertical deviation guidance. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Note: To no longer use the displayed altitude for calculating vertical deviation guidance, perform the following: a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 14) As the aircraft approaches OPSHN, it may be desirable to adjust the speed, or steepness of the upcoming descent. The default Flight Path Angle (FPA) is -3.0 degrees and a required vertical speed is computed to maintain the -3.0 FPA. To change the vertical flight path, perform the following steps. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS a) Press the VNV PROF Softkey to place the cursor in the target vertical speed field (VS TGT) as shown in Figure 5-129.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 15) As seen in Figure 5-130, the aircraft is approaching TOD. Note the target vertical speed required to reach the selected altitude. The Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI) and the Required Vertical Speed Indicator (RVSI) are now displayed on the PFD as shown in Figure 5-128.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 16) Upon reaching TOD, a descent vertical speed is established which places the VSI pointer in line with the RVSI as shown in Figure 5-132.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 18) The aircraft is approaching OPSHN. The upcoming turn and next heading are annunciated at the top left of the PFD as seen in Figure 5-134. Initiate the turn and maneuver the aircraft on a track through the turn radius to intercept the magenta line for the OPSHN to FSHER leg and center the CDI.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 19) After passing OPSHN, the next leg of the arrival turns magenta as shown in Figure 5-135. The magenta arrow in the flight plan list now indicates the OPSHN to FSHER leg of the arrival procedure is now active. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-135 Tracking the OPSHN to FSHER Leg HAZARD AVOIDANCE 20) The flight continues through the arrival procedure to PYNON (see Figure 5-136).
APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT INDEX Figure 5-136 Approaching PYNON 270 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 21) Upon passing PYNON the approach procedure automatically becomes active. The approach may be activated at any point to proceed directly to the IAF. In this example, the aircraft has progressed through the final waypoint of the arrival and the flight plan has automatically sequenced to the IAF as the active leg, activating the approach procedure (see Figure 5-137).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 22) The IAF is the next waypoint. At the TOD, establish a descent vertical speed as previously discussed in Step 16. The aircraft altitude is 9,000 feet upon reaching HABUK. INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 5-139 Descending Turn to the Initial Approach Fix (IAF) 272 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 23) After crossing FALUR the next waypoint is the FAF. The flight phase changes to LPV on the HSI indicating the current phase of flight is in Approach Mode and the approach type is LPV. CDI scaling changes accordingly and is used much like a localizer when flying an ILS approach. The RVSI is no longer displayed and the VDI changes to the Glidepath Indicator (as shown in Figure 5-140) when the final approach course becomes active.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 24) After crossing CEGIX, the aircraft continues following the glidepath to maintain the descent to “AT or ABOVE” 6,370 feet at the Missed Approach Point (MAP) (RW35R) as seen in Figure 5-141.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 25) Upon reaching the MAP, it is decided to execute a missed approach. Automatic waypoint sequencing is suspended past the MAP. Press the SUSP Softkey on the PFD to resume automatic waypoint sequencing through the missed approach procedure. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A direct-to is initiated to MOGAL, which is the Missed Approach Hold Point (MAHP) as seen in Figure 5-142. The aircraft is climbing to 10,000 feet.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 26) The aircraft continues climbing to “AT or ABOVE” 10,000 feet at MOGAL. A holding pattern is established at the MAHP (MOGAL) as shown in Figure 5-143. Figure 5-143 Establishing the Holding Pattern INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE 27) The aircraft maintains 10,000 feet while following the magenta line through the hold as in Figure 5-144.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.12 ABNORMAL OPERATION This section discusses the Dead Reckoning mode of operation and the subsequent indications. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Dead Reckoning Mode only functions in Enroute (ENR) or Oceanic (OCN) phase of flight. In all other phases, an invalid GPS solution produces a “NO GPS POSITION” annunciation on the map and the G1000 stops using GPS.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Distance & Bearing Dead Reckoning Annunciaion EIS Wind Data GPS Navigation Lost Message AUDIO PANEL & CNS Current Track Indicator Course Deviation Indicator Bearing Pointer/ Distance Navigation Data Bar FLIGHT MANAGEMENT All data except Active Leg, TAS, and DTK are in yellow HAZARD AVOIDANCE Dead Reckoning Annunciation AFCS Subdued Aircraft Symbol ADDITIONAL FEATURES Figure 5-145 Dead Reckoning Mode - GPS Derived Data Shown in Yellow
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 6 HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Hazard avoidance features available for the G1000 are designed to aid situational awareness and provide advisory information with regard to potential hazards to flight safety associated with weather, terrain, and air traffic.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.1 XM WX SATELLITE WEATHER FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: XM WX Satellite Weather data provides information for avoiding hazardous weather. Do not use XM WX information to penetrate hazardous weather. EIS XM WX Satellite Weather is provided through the optional GDL 69A, a remote-mounted datalink satellite receiver. Received graphical weather information and associated text is displayed on the Multi Function Display (MFD) and the Primary Flight Display (PFD) Inset Map.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Radio ID (for SiriusXM Satellite Radio) Data Radio ID (for XM WX data FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Figure 6-1 XM Information Page AUDIO PANEL & CNS Select to Display XM Information page EIS Weather Products (Available Products for Service Class Indicated in Green) Select to Lock Subscription Information FLIGHT MANAGEMENT USING XM WX SATELLITE WEATHER PRODUCTS The primary map for viewing XM WX data is the Weather Data Link Page in the Map Page Group.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When a weather product is active on the Weather Data Link Page or the Navigation Map Page, the age of the data is displayed on the screen (Figure 6-2). The age of the product is based on the time difference between when the data was assembled on the ground and the current GPS time. Weather products are refreshed at specific intervals (defined in the Refresh Rate column in Table 6-1).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 5 Cell Movement (CELL MOV) 30 1.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS Cloud Top (CLD TOP) + Echo Top (ECHO TOP) + + + + XM Lightning (LTNG) + + + + + + Cell Movement (CELL MOV) + + + + + + + + + SIGMETs/AIRMETs (SIG/AIR) + METARs + City Forecast (CITY) + Surface Analysis (SFC) + Freezing Levels (FRZ LVL) + Winds Aloft (WIND) + County Warnings (COUNTY) + Cyclone Warnings (CYCLONE) + Icing Potential (ICNG) + PIREPs + AIREPs + Turbulence
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Softkeys control the display of weather information on most MFD pages and the PFD Inset Map (Figure 6-3 shows the weather product softkeys for the Weather Data Link Page). When a weather product is selected for display, the corresponding softkey label changes to gray to indicate the product is enabled. Unavailable weather products have subdued softkey labels (softkeys are disabled from selection).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Setting up and customizing the Weather Data Link Page: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Weather Setup’ highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-4). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select ‘XM Product Group 1’ or ‘XM Product Group 2’, and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-5). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll through product selections.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Weather displayed on Pages other than the Weather Data Link Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page. Setting up and customizing weather data for the Navigation Map Page: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Map Setup’ highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-6). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the ‘Weather’ Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-7).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Each active weather product has an associated legend which can be displayed on the Weather Data Link Page. Viewing legends for displayed weather products FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Press the LEGEND Softkey to display the legends for the displayed weather products. Or: a) Press the MENU Key. EIS b) Select ‘Weather Legend’ and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the FMS Knob to scroll through the legends.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW NEXRAD NOTE: NEXRAD data cannot be displayed at the same time as echo tops or terrain. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WSR-88D, or NEXRAD (NEXt-generation RADar), is a network of 158 high-resolution Doppler radar systems that are operated by the National Weather Service (NWS). NEXRAD data provides centralized meteorological information for the continental United States and selected overseas locations. The maximum range of a single NEXRAD radar site is 250 nm.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Displaying NEXRAD weather information: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HAZARD AVOIDANCE 2) Press the NEXRAD Softkey. 1) Press the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, press the INSET Softkey). This step is not necessary on the Weather Data Link Page. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Composite data from all the NEXRAD radar sites in the United States is shown. This data is composed of the maximum reflectivity from the individual radar sweeps.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW NEXRAD Limitations NEXRAD radar images may have certain limitations: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • NEXRAD base reflectivity does not provide sufficient information to determine cloud layers or precipitation characteristics (wet hail vs. rain). For example, it is not possible to distinguish between wet snow, wet hail, and rain. • NEXRAD base reflectivity is sampled at the minimum antenna elevation angle. An individual NEXRAD site cannot depict high altitude storms at close ranges.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEXRAD Limitations (Canada) • Radar coverage extends to 55ºN. EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Any precipitation displayed between 52ºN and 55ºN is displayed as mixed because it is unknown. No Coverage Above 55ºN HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS Precipitation Above 52ºN Displays As Mixed INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS Figure 6-13 NEXRAD Data - Canada 292 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW ECHO TOPS NOTE: Echo Tops cannot be displayed at the same time as Cloud Tops or NEXRAD data. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Echo Tops data (Figure 6-14) shows the location, elevation, and direction of the highest radar echo. The highest radar echo does not indicate the top of a storm or clouds; rather it indicates the highest altitude at which precipitation is detected. Information is derived from NEXRAD data.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE The display of radar coverage is always active when either NEXRAD or ECHO TOPS is selected. Areas where NEXRAD radar coverage and Echo Tops information is not currently available or is not being collected are indicated in gray shade of purple (Figure 6-15). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS CLOUD TOPS NOTE: Cloud Tops and Echo Tops cannot be displayed at the same time.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW XM LIGHTNING NOTE: XM Lightning and optional L-3 STORMSCOPE® WX-500 Lightning cannot be displayed at the same FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS time. Lightning data (Figure 6-18) shows the approximate location of cloud-to-ground lightning strikes. A strike icon represents a strike that has occurred within a two-kilometer region. The exact location of the lightning strike is not displayed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE CELL MOVEMENT EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Cell Movement data (Figure 6-20) shows the location and movement of storm cells as identified by the ground-based system. Cells are represented by yellow squares, with direction of movement indicated with short, orange arrows. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS Storm Cells HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-20 Cell Movement Data AFCS On most applicable maps, Cell Movement data is selected for display along with NEXRAD.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW SIGMETS AND AIRMETS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SIGMETs (SIGnificant METeorological Information) and AIRMETs (AIRmen’s METeorological Information) are broadcast for potentially hazardous weather. A Convective SIGMET is issued for hazardous convective weather. A localized SIGMET is a significant weather condition occurring at a localized geographical position.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE METARS AND TAFS NOTE: Atmospheric pressure as reported for METARs is given in hectopascals (hPa), except for in the United FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS States, where it is reported in inches of mercury (in Hg). Temperatures are reported in Celsius. NOTE: METAR information is only displayed within the installed aviation database service area.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5) Press the FMS Knob or the CLR Key to return to the Weather Data Link Page. Or: 1) Select the Weather Information Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS a) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Waypoint Page Group. b) Press the WX Softkey to select the Weather Information Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to display the cursor. 3) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired airport and press the ENT Key. EIS 4) Use the FMS Knob or the ENT Key to scroll through the METAR and TAF text.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE SURFACE ANALYSIS AND CITY FORECAST NOTE: Surface Analysis and City Forecast data are displayed only within the installed Aviation Database FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS service area. HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Surface Analysis and City Forecast information is available for current and forecast weather conditions. Forecasts are available for intervals of 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW FREEZING LEVELS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Freezing Level data shows the color-coded contour lines for the altitude and location at which the first isotherm is found (Figure 6-30). When no data is displayed for a given altitude, the data for that altitude has not been received, or is out of date and has been removed from the display. New data appears at the next update.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE WINDS ALOFT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Winds Aloft data (Figure 6-32) shows the forecasted wind speed and direction at the surface and at selected altitudes. Altitude can be displayed in 3,000-foot increments up to 42,000 feet MSL. Displaying Winds Aloft data: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Press the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Press the WIND Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW COUNTY WARNINGS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS County data (Figure 6-34) provides specific public awareness and protection weather warnings from the National Weather Service (NWS). This can include information on severe thunderstorms, tornadoes, or flooding.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE CYCLONE EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Cyclone weather product shows the current location of cyclones (hurricanes), tropical storms, and their projected tracks. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS Cyclone Figure 6-36 Cyclone Data Selected for Display HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying cyclone (hurricane) track information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Press the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Press the CYCLONE Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW ICING (CIP & SLD) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Current Icing Product (CIP) data (Figure 6-38) shows a graphical view of the current icing environment. Icing severity is displayed in four categories: light, moderate, severe, and extreme (not specific to aircraft type). The CIP product is not a forecast, but a presentation of the current conditions at the time of the analysis.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE TURBULENCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Turbulence data (Figure 6-40) identifies the potential for erratic movement of high-altitude air mass associated winds. Turbulence is classified as light, moderate, severe or extreme, at altitudes between 21,000 and 45,000 feet. Turbulence data is intended to supplement AIRMETs and SIGMETs. Displaying Turbulence data: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Press the MORE WX Softkey. EIS 3) Press the TURB Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW PIREPS AND AIREPS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs) (Figure 6-42) provide timely weather information for a particular route of flight. When significant weather conditions are reported or forecast, Air Traffic Control (ATC) facilities are required to solicit PIREPs. A PIREP may contain unforecast adverse weather conditions, such as low in-flight visibility, icing conditions, wind shear, and turbulence.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE EIS Decoded PIREP Text FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS Raw PIREP Text Figure 6-43 PIREP Text on the Weather Data Link Page HAZARD AVOIDANCE To display the PIREP or AIREP legend (Figure 6-44), press the LEGEND Softkey when PIREPs or AIREPs are selected for display. AFCS The PIREP color is determined by the type (routine or urgent).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW 6.2 AIRBORNE COLOR WEATHER RADAR SYSTEM DESCRIPTION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The optional Garmin GWX 68 Airborne Color Weather Radar is a four-color digital pulsed radar with 6.5 kilowatts of output power. It combines excellent range and adjustable scanning profiles with a high-definition target display. The pulse width is four microseconds (µs) on all ranges except the 2.5 nm range.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEXRAD AND AIRBORNE WEATHER RADAR FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Both Airborne Weather Radar and NEXRAD measure weather reflectivity in decibels (dB). A decibel is a logarithmic expression of the ratio of two quantities. Airborne Weather Radar measures the ratio of power against the gain of the antenna, while NEXRAD measures the energy reflected back to the radar, or the radar reflectivity ratio.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW RADAR SIGNAL ATTENUATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The phenomenon of radar signal attenuation affects the operation of weather radar. When the radar signal is transmitted, it is progressively absorbed and scattered, making the signal weaker. This weakening, or attenuation, is caused by two primary sources, distance and precipitation.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE RADAR SIGNAL REFLECTIVITY Precipitation HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Precipitation or objects more dense than water, such as the surface of the earth or solid structures, are detected by the weather radar. The weather radar does not detect clouds, thunderstorms, or turbulence directly. It detects precipitation associated with clouds, thunderstorms, and turbulence.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Ground Returns FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The intensity of ground target returns depends upon the angle at which the radar beam strikes the ground target (Angle of Incidence) and the reflective properties of that target. The gain can be adjusted so shorelines, rivers, lakes, and cities are well-defined. Increasing the gain too much causes the display to fill in between targets, thus obscuring some landmarks. Cities normally provide a strong return signal.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE SAFE OPERATING DISTANCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The following information establishes a minimum safe distance from the antenna for personnel near operating weather radar. The minimum safe distance is based on the FCC’s exposure limit at 9.3 to 9.5 GHz for general population/uncontrolled environments, which is 1 mW/cm2. See Advisory Circular 20-68B for more information on safe distance determination.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW PRACTICAL APPLICATION USING THE BASIC TILT SETUP FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS With the antenna tilt set as previously described, any displayed target return should be scrutinized when flying at altitudes between 2,000 and 30,000 feet AGL. If the displayed target advances on the screen to within 5 nautical miles of the aircraft, avoid it. This may be either weather or ground returns that are 2,000 feet or less below the aircraft.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE WEATHER MAPPING AND INTERPRETATION WEATHER DISPLAY INTERPRETATION AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When evaluating various target returns on the weather radar display, the colors denote precipitation intensity and rates shown in the table. Weather Mode Color Intensity Black Green Yellow Red Magenta < 23 dBZ 23 dBZ to < 32 dBZ 32 dBZ to < 41 dBZ 41 dBZ to < 50 dBZ 50 dBZ and greater Approximate Precipitation Rate (in/ hr.) < .01. .01 - 0.1. 0.1 - 0.5 0.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Along squall lines (multiple cells or clusters of cells in a line) individual cells may be in different stages of development. Areas between closely spaced, intense targets may contain developing clouds not having enough moisture to produce a return. However, these areas could have strong updrafts or downdrafts. Targets showing wide areas of green are generally precipitation without severe turbulence.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In areas of multiple heavy cells, use the Vertical Scan feature along with antenna tilt management to examine the areas. Remember to avoid shadowed areas behind targets. AUDIO PANEL & CNS The Blind Alley at Close Range The Large Storm Behind Figure 6-53 The Blind Alley FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Tornadoes There are no conclusive radar target return characteristics which identify a tornado.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW or less) and make poor radar targets. In the upper regions of a cell where ice particles are dry (no liquid coating), target returns are less intense. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Hail shafts are associated with the same radar target return characteristics as tornados. U-shaped cloud edges three to seven miles across can also indicate hail. These target returns appear quite suddenly along any edge of the cell outline.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying weather on the Weather Radar Page: 1) Select the Weather Radar Page in the Map Page Group with the FMS Knob. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the MODE Softkey. 3) While on the ground, press the STANDBY Softkey. A one-minute warm-up period is initiated (countdown is displayed on the screen). After the warm-up is complete, the radar enters the Standby Mode. Press the WEATHER Softkey. A confirmation window is displayed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Vertically scanning a storm cell: NOTE: Vertical scanning of a storm cell should be done with the aircraft wings level to avoid constant FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS adjustment of the Bearing Line. 1) While in the Horizontal Scan view, press the BRG Softkey. This places the cursor in the BEARING field and displays the Bearing Line. If the Bearing Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select Show Bearing Line. Press the ENT Key.
AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-57 Vertical Scan Display FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Adjusting Antenna Tilt Angle HAZARD AVOIDANCE In order to make an accurate interpretation of a storm cell, the radar beam should be pointed at the wet part of the weather cell to record the proper rainfall intensity (color level). The ideal aiming point is just below the freezing level of the storm. The best way to find this point is to use the Vertical Scan feature.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Adjusting antenna tilt on the Vertical Scan display: 1) Press the TILT Softkey to activate the cursor in the TILT field and display the Tilt Line. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If the Tilt Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select Show Tilt Line. Press the ENT Key. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to adjust the antenna tilt angle. The selected tilt angle is implemented when Horizontal Scan is selected again.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Adjusting Gain WARNING: Changing the gain in weather mode causes precipitation intensity to be displayed as a color FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS not representative of the true intensity. Remember to return the gain setting to Calibrated for viewing the actual intensity of precipitation. 1) Press the GAIN Softkey to activate the cursor in the GAIN field. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to adjust the gain for the desirable level.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Sector Scan FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) While in horizontal scan mode, press the BRG Softkey to display the Bearing Line and place the cursor in the BEARING field. If the Bearing Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select Show Bearing Line. 2) Press the ENT Key.
AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-61 40˚ Sector Scan FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Antenna Stabilization 1) To activate or deactivate the antenna stabilization, press the MODE Softkey. INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE 2) Press the STAB ON Softkey to activate antenna stabilization or press the STAB OFF Softkey to deactivate. The current stabilization condition is shown in the upper right of the weather radar display.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW WATCH® (Weather Attenuated Color Highlight) EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Displayed intensity is questionable. Potentially stronger than displayed. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WATCH® identifies deceptively strong or unknown intensity parts of a storm. While in horizontal scan mode, this feature can be used as a tool to determine areas of possible inaccuracies in displayed intensity due to weakening of the radar energy. This weakening is known as attenuation.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Weather Alert FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Weather Alert feature indicates the presence of heavy precipitation between the ranges of 80 and 320 nm regardless of the currently displayed range. Weather Alert targets appear as red bands along the outer range ring at the approximate azimuth of the detected returns. If a Weather Alert is detected within ±10° of the aircraft heading, an alert is displayed on the PFD in the Alerts Window.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW GROUND MAPPING AND INTERPRETATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A secondary use of the weather radar system is for the presentation of terrain. This can be a useful tool for verifying aircraft position. A picture of the ground is represented much like a topographical map that can be used as a supplement to the navigation map on the MFD. Ground Map mode uses a different gain range than Weather mode. Different colors are also used to represent the intensity levels.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.3 WX-500 STORMSCOPE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The Stormscope system is not intended for hazardous thunderstorm penetration. Weather information on the is approved for weather avoidance only. Refer to the WX-500 User’s Guide for a detailed description of Stormscope operation. NOTE: L-3 STORMSCOPE® WX-500 Lightning and GDL 69/69A XM WX lightning data cannot be displayed EIS at the same time.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW The following options are available (Figure 6-66): • STRMSCP LTNG – Turns the display of Stormscope data on or off. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • STRMSCP MODE – Selects the CELL or STRIKE mode of lightning activity. Cell mode identifies clusters or cells of electrical activity. Strike mode indicates the approximate location of lightning strikes. • STRMSCP SMBL – Selects the range at which Stormscope data displays.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE CELL AND STRIKE MODE ON THE NAVIGATION MAP FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS On the Navigation Map, cell mode identifies cells of lightning activity (Figure 6-67). Stormscope identifies clusters of electrical activity that indicate cells. Strike mode indicates the approximate location of lightning strikes. Selecting the ‘cell’ or ‘strike’ mode on the Navigation Map: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) With ‘Map Setup’ selected, press the ENT Key. EIS 3) Select the ‘Weather’ group.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW If heading input is lost, strikes and/or cells must be cleared manually after the execution of each turn (Figure 6-68). This is to ensure that the strike and/or cell positions are depicted accurately in relation to the nose of the aircraft. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Manually clearing Stormscope data on the Navigation Map: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Select ‘Clear Stormscope® Lightning’. 3) Press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Selecting a Stormscope range on the Navigation Map: 1) Press the MENU Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Select ‘MAP SETUP’. 3) Select the ‘Weather’ group. 4) Press the ENT Key. 5) Turn the large FMS Knob to select ‘STRMSCP SMBL’. 6) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the maximum display range. EIS 7) Press the ENT Key. 8) Press the FMS Knob to return to the Navigation Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Changing between ‘cell’ and ‘strike’ mode on the Stormscope Page: 1) Select the Stormscope Page. 2) Press the MODE Softkey. The CELL and STRIKE softkeys are displayed. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Press the CELL Softkey to display ‘CELL’ data or press the STRIKE Softkey to display ‘STRIKE’ data. ‘CELL’ or ‘STRIKE’ is displayed in the mode box in the upper left corner of the Stormscope Page. 4) Press the BACK Softkey to return to the main Stormscope page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.4 TERRAIN PROXIMITY FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: Do not use Terrain Proximity information for primary terrain avoidance. Terrain Proximity is intended only to enhance situational awareness. NOTE: Terrain data is not displayed if the aircraft is outside of the terrain database coverage area. AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS G1000 Terrain Proximity is a terrain awareness system that does not comply with TSO-C151b certification standards.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW DISPLAYING TERRAIN PROXIMITY DATA FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The symbols and colors in Figure 6-71 and Table 6-6 are used to represent obstacles and aircraft altitude when the Terrain Proximity Page is selected for display. Terrain Proximity uses black, yellow, and red to represent terrain information relative to aircraft altitude. The color of each obstacle is associated with the altitude of the aircraft.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Terrain data can be selected for display independently of obstacle data; however, obstacles recognized by Terrain Proximity as yellow or red are shown when terrain is selected for display and the map range is within the setting limit. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Maps besides the Terrain Proximity Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page. The maximum display ranges for obstacles on each map are dependent on the range setting made for the Navigation Map.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional information about obstacles can be displayed by panning over the display on the map. The map panning feature is enabled by pressing the RANGE Knob. The map range is adjusted by turning the RANGE Knob. If the map range is adjusted while panning is enabled, the map is re-centered on the Map Pointer.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE a) Press the MENU Key. b) Select ‘View 120º’ or ‘View 360º’ (choice dependent on current state) and press the ENT Key to change the view. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Showing/hiding aviation information on the Terrain Proximity Page: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Select ‘Show Aviation Data’ or ‘Hide Aviation Data’ (choice dependent on current state) and press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW 6.5 TERRAIN-SVS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: Do not use Terrain-SVS information for primary terrain avoidance. Terrain-SVS is intended only to enhance situational awareness. NOTE: Terrain data is not displayed when the aircraft is outside of the terrain database coverage area. EIS NOTE: Terrain-SVS is standard when the Synthetic Vision System (SVS) option is installed. The TAWS-B option will take precedence over Terrain-SVS.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE subject to variations in pressure and temperature that normally affect pressure altitude sensors. GPS-MSL altitude does not require local altimeter settings to determine MSL altitude. It is a widely-used MSL altitude source. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Terrain and obstacle databases are referenced to MSL.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Terrain-SVS information can be displayed on the following maps: • PFD Inset Map • Trip Planning Page • Navigation Map Page • Flight Plan Pages FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Terrain-SVS Page Displaying terrain and obstacle information (maps other than the Terrain-SVS Page): 1) Press the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, press the INSET Softkey). 2) Press the TERRAIN Softkey to display terrain and obstacle data.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Customizing terrain and obstacle display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Map Setup’ highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-79). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the ‘Map’ Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-80). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll through product selections (Figure 6-81).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW TERRAIN-SVS PAGE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Terrain-SVS Page is specialized to show terrain, obstacle, and potential impact point data in relation to the aircraft’s current altitude, without clutter from the basemap. Aviation data (airports, VORs, and other NAVAIDs) can be displayed for reference. If an obstacle and the projected flight path of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically zooms in to the closest potential point of impact on the Terrain-SVS Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Red Terrain (Warning - Terrain Above or Within 100’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Yellow Terrain (Caution - Terrain Between 100’ and 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Black Terrain (Terrain More than 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) AUDIO PANEL & CNS Map Range Rings Terrain Legend FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Annunciation Window Figure 6-82 Terrain-SVS Page HAZARD AVOIDANCE Yellow Terrain (Caution - Terrain Between 100’ and 1000’ Below the Aircraft
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW TERRAIN-SVS ALERTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within Terrain-SVS software algorithms. Terrain-SVS alerts typically employ a CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level, or both. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed and aural alerts are simultaneously issued. Table 6-9 shows TerrainSVS alert types with corresponding annunciations and aural messages.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE PFD/MFD* Alert Annunciation FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Alert Type MFD Pop-Up Alert (except Terrain-SVS Page) Aural Message Reduced Required Terrain Clearance Warning (RTC) “Warning; Terrain, Terrain” Imminent Terrain Impact Warning (ITI) “Warning; Terrain, Terrain” Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance Warning (ROC) “Warning; Obstacle, Obstacle” Imminent Obstacle Impact Warning (IOI) “Warning; Obstacle, Obstacle” Reduced Requir
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Reduced Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) and Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) alerts are issued when the aircraft flight path is above terrain, yet is projected to come within the minimum clearance values in Figure 6-86. When an RTC alert is issued, a potential impact point is displayed on the Terrain-SVS Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Inhibiting/enabling Terrain-SVS alerting: 1) Select the Terrain-SVS Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the INHIBIT Softkey to inhibit or enable Terrain-SVS (choice dependent on current state). Or: a) Press the MENU Key. b) Select ‘Inhibit Terrain-SVS’ or ‘Enable Terrain-SVS’ (choice dependent on current state) and press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE None Aural Message TERRAIN DATABASE FAILURE None TERRAIN FAIL “Terrain System Failure” Excessively degraded GPS signal None Out of database coverage area None AUDIO PANEL & CNS NO GPS POSITION “Terrain System Not Available” “Terrain System Available” when sufficient GPS signal is received “Terrain System Not Available” “Terrain System Available” when sufficient GPS signal is received “Terrain System Not Available” “Terrain System Available” when sufficient GPS signal is receive
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.6 TAWS-B FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: Do not use TAWS information for primary terrain avoidance. TAWS is intended only to enhance situational awareness. NOTE: The data contained in the TAWS databases comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately EIS processes and cross-validates the data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data. NOTE: Terrain data is not displayed if the aircraft is outside of the terrain database coverage area.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW temperature, and lapse rates have fixed values), it is common for the baro-corrected altitude (as read from the altimeter) to differ from the GPS-MSL altitude. This variation results in the aircraft’s true altitude differing from the baro-corrected altitude.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying terrain and obstacle information (maps other than the TAWS-B Page): 1) Press the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, press the INSET Softkey). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the TERRAIN Softkey to display terrain and obstacle data. AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS When TAWS-B is selected on maps other than the TAWS-B Page, an icon is shown to indicate that the feature is enabled for display.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Customizing terrain and obstacle display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) With ‘Map Setup’ highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-90). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the ‘Map’ Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-91). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll through product selections (Figure 6-92).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS-B PAGE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The TAWS-B Page is specialized to show terrain, obstacle, and potential impact point data in relation to the aircraft’s current altitude, without clutter from the basemap. Aviation data (airports, VORs, and other NAVAIDs) can be displayed for reference. If an obstacle and the projected flight path of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically zooms in to the closest potential point of impact on the TAWS-B Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Yellow Terrain (Caution Terrain Between 100’ and 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Red Terrain (Warning - Terrain Above or Within 100’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) EIS Black Terrain (Terrain More than 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Map Range Rings AUDIO PANEL & CNS Terrain Legend Annunciation Window FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 6-93 TAWS-B Page HAZARD AVOIDANCE Yellow Terrain (Caution Terrain Between 100’ and 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude)
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS-B ALERTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within TAWS-B software algorithms. TAWS-B alerts typically employ a CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level, or both. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed and aural alerts are simultaneously issued. Table 6-13 shows TAWS-B alert types with corresponding annunciations and aural messages.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE PFD/MFD** Alert Annunciation MFD Pop-Up Alert (except TAWS-B Page) Aural Message Excessive Descent Rate Warning (EDR) * or * or * “Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain”* or “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead” * “Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain”* or “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead” * “Caution, Obstacle; Caution, Obstacle”* or “Obstacle Ahead; Obstacle Ahead” * “Caution, Obstacle; Caution, Obstacle”* or “Obstacle Ahead; Obstacle Ahead” or Reduced Required Terrain Clearance Caution (RTC
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE EXCESSIVE DESCENT RATE ALERT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The purpose of the Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) alert is to provide suitable notification when the aircraft is determined to be closing (descending) upon terrain at an excessive speed. Figure 6-97 shows the parameters for the alert as defined by TSO-C151b.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW FORWARD LOOKING TERRAIN AVOIDANCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Reduced Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) and Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) alerts are issued when the aircraft flight path is above terrain, yet is projected to come within the minimum clearance values in Figure 6-98. When an RTC alert is issued, a potential impact point is displayed on the TAWS-B Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW PREMATURE DESCENT ALERTING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HAZARD AVOIDANCE PDA alerting begins when the aircraft is below 700 feet AGL within 15 nm of the destination airport and ends when the aircraft is 0.5 nm from the runway threshold. A Premature Descent Alert (PDA) is issued when the system detects that the aircraft is significantly below the normal approach path to a runway (Figure 6-99).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW FIVE-HUNDRED AURAL ALERT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The purpose of the aural alert message “Five-hundred” is to provide an advisory alert that the aircraft is 500 feet above terrain. When the aircraft descends within 500 feet of terrain, the aural message “Five-hundred” is generated. There are no display annunciations or pop-up alerts that accompany the aural message.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE 1000 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Height Above Terrain (Feet) 900 800 700 600 “DON’T SINK” or “TOO LOW, TERRAIN” 500 400 300 EIS 200 100 0 500 1000 1500 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 0 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 Sink Rate (FPM) Figure 6-102 Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Sink Rate FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM STATUS HAZARD AVOIDANCE During G1000 power-up, TAWS-B conducts a self-test of its aural and visual annunciations.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Manually testing the TAWS-B System: 1) Select the TAWS-B Page. 2) Press the MENU Key (Figure 6-103). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Select ‘Test TAWS System’ and press the ENT Key to confirm the selection. EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 6-103 TAWS-B Page Menu FLIGHT MANAGEMENT TAWS-B continually monitors several system-critical items such as database validity, hardware status, and GPS status.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.7 TRAFFIC ADVISORY SYSTEM (TAS) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Refer to the Honeywell KTA 870 Pilot’s Guide for a detailed discussion of the KTA 870 TAS. TAS SYMBOLOGY EIS Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is designed to help in detection and avoidance of other aircraft. TAS uses an on-board interrogator-processor and the Mode S transponder for the air-to-air traffic data link. Traffic is displayed according to using four different symbols.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW OPERATION The KTA 870 must be in Operating Mode for traffic to be displayed. The unit starts in Operating Mode upon power-up. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting the STANDBY Softkey forces the unit into Standby Mode. Selecting the NORMAL Softkey allows the KTA 870 to switch from Standby Mode to Operating Mode as necessary.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Traffic information is also displayed on the PFD when the Synthetic Vision System (SVS) option is installed and enabled. See the Additional Features Section for details. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Displaying traffic on the Traffic Map Page: 1) Use the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group. 2) Use the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Map Page. 3) Press the NORMAL Softkey to begin displaying traffic. OPERATING is displayed in the Traffic mode field.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW When traffic is selected on maps other than the Traffic Map Page, a traffic icon is shown to indicate TAS is enabled for display. Displaying traffic on the Navigation Map FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Ensure that the TAS system is operating. With the Navigation Map displayed, press the MAP Softkey. 2) Press the TRAFFIC Softkey. Traffic is now displayed on the map as shown in the figure.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE ALTITUDE DISPLAY FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Pilot can select the volume of airspace in which traffic is displayed. Traffic Advisories (TAs) outside of these limits will still be shown. Refer to the KTA 870 Pilot’s Guide for specific display thresholds. Changing the altitude display mode: 1) On the Traffic Page, press the ALT MODE Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Customizing the traffic display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-106). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-107). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll through the selections (Figure 6-108).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAS ALERTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Refer to the KTA 870 documentation for information on alerts generated by the TAS equipment. When the number of TAs on the Traffic Map Page increases from one scan to the next, the following occur: • A “Traffic, Traffic” voice alert is generated when the first TA is displayed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the unit fails, an annunciation as to the cause of the failure is shown in the center of the Traffic Map Page.
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Blank Page 374 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 7 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The approved Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) always supersedes this Pilot’s Guide. The GFC 700 is a digital Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS), fully integrated within the G1000 System avionics architecture. The System Overview section provides a block diagram to support this system description.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.1 AFCS CONTROLS The AFCS Control Unit is positioned above the MFD, and has the following controls: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1 2 3 Selects/deselects Heading Select Mode NAV Key FD Key Selects/deselects Navigation Mode Activates/deactivates the flight director only Pressing once turns on the selected flight director in the default vertical and lateral modes. Pressing again deactivates the flight director and removes the Command Bars.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL AFCS CONTROLS The following controls used for the AFCS are located in the cockpit separately from the AFCS Control Unit: Disengages the autopilot and yaw damper and interrupts pitch trim operation CWS Button (Control Wheel Steering) While pressed, allows manual control of the aircraft while the autopilot is engaged and synchronizes the flight director’s Command Bars with the current aircraft pitch (if not in a Vertical Navigation, Glideslope, or
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.2 FLIGHT DIRECTOR OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The flight director function provides pitch and roll commands to the AFCS and displays them on the PFDs. With the flight director active, the aircraft can be hand-flown to follow the path shown by the Command Bars. Maximum commanded pitch (-15º, +20º) and roll (22º) angles, vertical acceleration, and roll rate are limited to values established during AFCS certification.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW AFCS STATUS BOX Lateral Modes Yaw Autopilot Damper Status Status FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight director mode annunciations are displayed on the PFDs when the flight director is active. Flight director selection and autopilot and yaw damper statuses are shown in the center of the AFCS Status Box. Lateral flight director modes are displayed on the left and vertical on the right. Armed modes are displayed in white and active in green.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLIGHT DIRECTOR MODES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight director modes are normally selected independently for the pitch and roll axes. Unless otherwise specified, all mode keys are alternate action (i.e., press on, press off). In the absence of specific mode selection, the flight director reverts to the default pitch and/or roll modes(s).
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW COMMAND BARS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Upon activation of the flight director, Command Bars are displayed in magenta on the PFDs as single cues. The Command Bars do not override the Aircraft Symbol. The Command Bars move together vertically to indicate pitch commands and bank left or right to indicate roll commands.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.3 VERTICAL MODES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Table 7-2 lists the vertical modes with their corresponding controls and annunciations. The mode reference is displayed next to the active mode annunciation for Altitude Hold, Vertical Speed, and Flight Level Change modes. The NOSE UP/DN Wheel can be used to change the vertical mode reference while operating under Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, or Flight Level Change Mode.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW PITCH HOLD MODE (PIT) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When the flight director is activated (the FD Key is pressed) or switched (the XFR Key is pressed), Pitch Hold Mode is selected by default. Pitch Hold Mode is indicated as the active vertical mode by the ‘PIT’ annunciation. This mode may be used for climb or descent to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter), since Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed when Pitch Hold Mode is activated.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SELECTED ALTITUDE CAPTURE MODE (ALTS) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed with activation of the following modes: • Pitch Hold • Go Around • Vertical Speed • Vertical Path Tracking (if the Selected Altitude is to be captured instead of the VNV Target Altitude) • Flight Level Change EIS The white ‘ALTS’ annunciation indicates Selected Altitude Capture Mode is armed (see Figure 7-6 for example).
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW ALTITUDE HOLD MODE (ALT) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Altitude Hold Mode can be activated by pressing the ALT Key; the flight director maintains the current aircraft altitude (to the nearest 10 feet) as the Altitude Reference. The flight director’s Altitude Reference, shown in the AFCS Status Box, is independent of the Selected Altitude, displayed above the Altimeter. Altitude Hold Mode active is indicated by a green ‘ALT’ annunciation in the AFCS Status Box.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM VERTICAL SPEED MODE (VS) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In Vertical Speed Mode, the flight director acquires and maintains a Vertical Speed Reference. Current aircraft vertical speed (to the nearest 100 fpm) becomes the Vertical Speed Reference at the moment of Vertical Speed Mode activation.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT LEVEL CHANGE MODE (FLC) NOTE: The Selected Altitude should be set before selecting Flight Level Change Mode. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight Level Change Mode is selected by pressing the FLC Key. This mode acquires and maintains the Airspeed Reference in IAS while climbing or descending to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight Level Change Mode Active Airspeed Reference Selected Altitude Capture Mode Armed Airspeed Reference EIS Selected Altitude AUDIO PANEL & CNS Airspeed Reference Bug FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Command Bars Indicate Climb to Attain Selected Altitude INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 7-10 Flight Level Change Mode 388 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW VERTICAL NAVIGATION MODES (VPTH, ALTV) NOTE: VNV is disabled when parallel track or Dead Reckoning Mode is active. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The Selected Altitude takes precedence over any other vertical constraints. Vertical Navigation (VNV) flight control is available for enroute/terminal cruise and descent operations any time that VNV flight planning is available. Refer to the Flight Management Section for more information on VNV flight plans.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Prior to descent path interception, the Selected Altitude must be set below the current aircraft altitude by at least 75 feet.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW When a descent leg is captured (i.e., vertical deviation becomes valid), Vertical Path Tracking becomes active and tracks the descent profile (Figure 7-13). An altitude capture mode (‘ALTS’ or ‘ALTV’) is armed as appropriate.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Automatic Reversion to Pitch Hold Mode FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM • Vertical deviation exceeds 200 feet during an overspeed condition. Several situations can occur while Vertical Path Tracking Mode is active which cause the flight director to revert to Pitch Hold Mode: • Vertical deviation experiences a discontinuity that both exceeds 200 feet in magnitude and results in the vertical deviation exceeding 200 feet in magnitude.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW VNV TARGET ALTITUDE CAPTURE MODE (ALTV) NOTE: Armed VNV Target Altitude and Selected Altitude capture modes are mutually exclusive. However, FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Altitude Capture Mode is armed implicitly (not annunciated) whenever VNV Target Altitude Capture Mode is armed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW GLIDEPATH MODE (GP) (WAAS ONLY) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Selecting Glidepath Mode (WAAS Only): Glidepath Mode is used to track the WAAS-based glidepath. When Glidepath Mode is armed, ‘GP’ is annunciated in white in the AFCS Status Box. 1) Ensure a GPS approach with vertical guidance (LPV, LNAV/VNAV, LNAV+V) is loaded into the active flight plan. The active waypoint must be part of the flight plan (cannot be a direct-to a waypoint not in the flight plan).
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW GPS Approach Mode Active Glidepath Mode Active FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS LNAV Approach Active Command Bars Indicate Descent on Glidepath FLIGHT MANAGEMENT GPS is Selected Navigation Source Glidepath Indicator Figure 7-17 Glidepath Mode HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00749-03 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM GLIDESLOPE MODE (GS) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Glideslope Mode is available for LOC/ILS approaches to capture and track the glideslope. When Glideslope Mode is armed (annunciated as ‘GS’ in white), LOC Approach Mode is armed as the lateral flight director mode. Selecting Glideslope Mode: 1) Ensure a valid localizer frequency is tuned. 2) Ensure that LOC is the selected navigation source (use the CDI Softkey to cycle through navigation sources if necessary).
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW TAKEOFF (TO) AND GO AROUND (GA) MODES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Go Around and Takeoff modes are coupled pitch and roll modes and are annunciated as both the vertical and lateral modes when active. In these modes, the flight director commands a constant set pitch attitude and keeps the wings level. The GA Switch is used to select both modes. The mode entered by the flight director depends on whether the aircraft is on the ground.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.4 LATERAL MODES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The following table relates each GFC 700 lateral mode to its respective control and annunciation. Refer to the vertical modes section for information regarding Takeoff and Go Around modes.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW ROLL HOLD MODE (ROL) NOTE: If Roll Hold Mode is activated as a result of a mode reversion, the flight director rolls the wings FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS level. When the flight director is activated or switched, Roll Hold Mode is selected by default. This mode is annunciated as ‘ROL’ in the AFCS Status Box. The current aircraft bank angle is held, subject to the bank angle condition.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM HEADING SELECT MODE (HDG) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Heading Select Mode is activated by pressing the HDG Key. Heading Select Mode acquires and maintains the Selected Heading. The Selected Heading is shown by a light blue bug on the HSI and in the box to the upper left of the HSI. CHANGING THE SELECTED HEADING NOTE: Pressing the HDG Knob synchronizes the Selected Heading to the current heading.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW NAVIGATION MODES (GPS, VOR, LOC) NOTE: The selected navigation receiver must have a valid VOR or LOC signal or active GPS course for the FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS flight director to enter Navigation Mode. Pressing the NAV Key selects Navigation Mode. Navigation Mode acquires and tracks the selected navigation source (GPS, VOR, LOC). The flight director follows GPS roll steering commands when GPS is the selected navigation source.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM CHANGING THE SELECTED COURSE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If the navigation source is VOR or localizer, or OBS Mode has been enabled when using GPS, the Selected Course is controlled using the CRS Knob corresponding to the selected flight director (CRS1 for the pilot side, CRS2 for the copilot side). Pressing the CWS Button and hand-flying the aircraft does not change the Selected Course while in Navigation Mode.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPROACH MODES (GPS, VAPP, LOC) NOTE: The selected navigation receiver must have a valid VOR or LOC signal or active GPS course for the FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS flight director to enter Approach Mode. Approach Mode is activated when the APR Key is pressed. Approach Mode acquires and tracks the selected navigation source (GPS, VOR, or LOC), depending on loaded approach.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM LOC Approach Mode allows the autopilot to fly a LOC/ILS approach with a glideslope. When LOC Approach Mode is armed, Glideslope Mode is also armed automatically. LOC captures are inhibited if the difference between aircraft heading and localizer course exceeds 105°. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting LOC Approach Mode: 1) Ensure a valid localizer frequency is tuned.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW BACKCOURSE MODE (BC) NOTE: When making a backcourse approach, set the Selected Course to the localizer front course. Backcourse Mode Active FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Backcourse Mode captures and tracks a localizer signal in the backcourse direction. The mode may be selected by pressing the BC Key. Backcourse Mode is armed if the CDI is greater than one dot when the mode is selected.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.5 AUTOPILOT AND YAW DAMPER OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Refer to the POH for specific instructions regarding emergency procedures. The Cessna Caravan’s autopilot and yaw damper operate the flight control surface servos to provide automatic flight control. The autopilot controls the aircraft pitch and roll attitudes following commands received from the flight director.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW ENGAGEMENT NOTE: Autopilot engagement/disengagement is not equivalent to servo engagement/disengagement. Use FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS the CWS Button to disengage the pitch and roll servos while the autopilot remains active. NOTE: The autopilot cannot be engaged if the yaw damper has failed. Yaw Damper Engaged AUDIO PANEL & CNS Autopilot Engaged EIS When the YD Key is pressed, the system engages the yaw damper independently of the autopilot.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM DISENGAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The autopilot is manually disengaged by pushing the AP Key on the AFCS Control Unit, the GA Switch, or the MEPT ARM Switch. Pressing the AP Key will disengage the autopilot only, the yaw damper will remain engaged. Manual autopilot disengagement is indicated by a five-second flashing yellow ‘AP’ annunciation and a three-second autopilot disconnect aural alert.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW 7.6 EXAMPLE FLIGHT PLAN FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The following example flight plan and diagrams (not to be used for navigation) in this section are for instructional purposes only and should be considered not current. Numbered portions of accompanying diagrams correspond to numbered procedure steps.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM DEPARTURE Climbing to the Selected Altitude and flying an assigned heading: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Before takeoff: a) Use the ALT SEL Knob to set the Selected Altitude to 12,000 feet. EIS b) Push the GA Switch to activate Takeoff Mode. The flight director Command Bars establish a pitch up attitude to follow.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HD GM od e EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS TO M ode 3 Selected Altitude of 12,000 MSL ALT Mode 4 2 1 VS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT KMKC e Mod ode M TO HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 7-35 Departure AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00749-03 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM INTERCEPTING A VOR RADIAL FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS During climb-out, the autopilot continues to fly the aircraft in Heading Select Mode. Airway V4 to Salina VOR (SLN) should now be intercepted. Since the enroute flight plan waypoints correspond to VORs, flight director Navigation Mode using either VOR or GPS as the navigation source may be used. In this scenario, VOR Navigation Mode is used for navigation to the first VOR waypoint in the flight plan.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLYING A FLIGHT PLAN/GPS COURSE NOTE: Changing the navigation source cancels Navigation Mode and causes the flight director to revert FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS back to Roll Hold Mode (wings rolled level). As the aircraft closes on Salina VOR, GPS is used to navigate the next leg, airway V244. The aircraft is currently tracking inbound on Airway V4.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW DESCENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM • Flight Level Change descent – Flight Level Change Mode can be used to descend to the Selected Altitude at a constant airspeed. This descent method does not account for flight plan waypoint altitude constraints. While flying the arrival procedure, the aircraft is cleared for descent in preparation for the approach to KCOS.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW Vertical Path Tracking descent to VNV Target Altitude: 1) Select VNV flight control: a) Press the VNV Key to arm Vertical Path Tracking Mode. The white annunciation ‘VPTH’ appears. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS b) Using the ALT SEL Knob, set the Selected Altitude below the flight plan’s VNV Target Altitude of 10,000 feet.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Non-path descent using Flight Level Change Mode: 1) Using Flight Level Change Mode, command a non-path descent to an intermediate altitude above the next VNV flight plan altitude. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS a) Using the ALT SEL Knob, set the Selected Altitude below the current aircraft altitude to an altitude (in this case, 9,400 feet) at which to level off between VNV flight plan altitudes.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS VP TH M od e Planned TOD ALT Mode 1 FL C Pla nn M od e 3 ed De sce nt ALT Mode Pa th TOD 4 VP VNAV Target Altitude of 9,000 MSL TH AUDIO PANEL & CNS Selected Altitude of 9,400 MSL VNAV Target Altitude of 10,000 MSL EIS 2 BOD Mo de 5 BOD ALT Mode Selected Altitude OPSHN FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 3 nm HABUK Figure 7-40 Non-path Descent HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00749-03 Re
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM APPROACH Flying an ILS approach: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Transition from GPS Navigation Mode to Heading Select Mode. a) Select the Runway 35L ILS approach for KCOS and select ‘VECTORS’ for the transition. Load and activate the approach into the flight plan. b) Use the HDG Knob to set the Selected Heading after getting vectors from ATC. c) Press the HDG Key. The autopilot turns the aircraft to the desired heading.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW Flying a RNAV GPS approach with vertical guidance: 1) Arm flight director modes for a RNAV GPS approach with vertical guidance: a) Make sure the navigation source is set to GPS (use CDI Softkey to change navigation source). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS b) Select the Runway 35R LPV approach for KCOS. Load and activate the approach into the flight plan. 2) Press the APR Key once clearance for approach has been received.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM GO AROUND/MISSED APPROACH NOTE: As a result of calculations performed by the system while flying the holding pattern, the display may FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS re-size automatically and the aircraft may not precisely track the holding pattern. Flying a missed approach: 1) Push the GA Switch at the Decision height and apply go around power to execute a missed approach. The flight director Command Bars establish a nose-up climb to follow.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 4 EIS MOGAL AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT GPS NAV Mode 3 2 HAZARD AVOIDANCE GA Mode KCOS 1 AFCS Figure 7-43 Go Around/Missed Approach ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00749-03 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.7 AFCS ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTS AFCS STATUS ALERTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The annunciations in Table 7-5 (listed in order of increasing priority) can appear on the PFDs above the Airspeed and Attitude indicators. Only one annunciation may occur at a time, and messages are prioritized by criticality.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW OVERSPEED PROTECTION NOTE: Overspeed protection is not active in ALT, GS or GP Modes. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS While Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, Flight Level Change, Vertical Path Tracking, or an altitude capture mode is active, airspeed is monitored by the flight director. Pitch commands are not changed until overspeed protection becomes active.
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Blank Page 424 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 8 ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: With the availability of SafeTaxi®, ChartView, or FliteCharts®, it may be necessary to carry another source of charts on-board the aircraft.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.1 SYNTHETIC VISION SYSTEM (SVS) (OPTIONAL) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: Use appropriate primary systems for navigation, and for terrain, obstacle, and traffic avoidance. SVS is intended as an aid to situational awareness only and may not provide either the accuracy or reliability upon which to solely base decisions and/or plan maneuvers to avoid terrain, obstacles, or traffic.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-1 Synthetic Vision Imagery SVS OPERATION HAZARD AVOIDANCE SVS is activated from the PFD using the softkeys located along the bottom edge of the display. Pressing the softkeys turns the related function on or off. When SVS is enabled, the pitch scale increments are reduced to 10 degrees up and 7.5 degrees down. AFCS SVS functions are displayed on three levels of softkeys.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS PFD SYN VIS BACK Pressing the BACK Softkey returns to the top-level softkeys. BACK EIS PATHWAY SYN TERR HRZN HDG APTSIGNS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Pressing the BACK Softkey returns to the previous level of softkeys. Figure 8-2 SVS Softkeys Activating and deactivating SVS: FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 1) Press the PFD Softkey. 2) Press the SYN VIS Softkey. 3) Press the SYN TERR Softkey. The SVS display will cycle on or off with the SYN TERR Softkey.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW SVS FEATURES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Altitude Airport Runway Pathways Color Matches CDI Indicating NAV Source Flight Path Marker Airplane Symbol EIS Zero Pitch Line (ZPL) with Compass Heading Marks AUDIO PANEL & CNS Synthetic Terrain FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE SVS Softkeys Figure 8-3 SVS on the Primary Flight Display NOTE: Pathways and terrain features are not a substitute for standard course and altitude deviation information provided by the CD
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Altitude FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Programmed Altitudes HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 8-4 Programmed and Selected Altitude AFCS Pathways provide supplemental glidepath information on an active ILS, LPV, LNAV/VNAV, and some LNAV approaches. Pathways are intended as an aid to situational awareness and should not be used independent of the CDI, VDI, glide path indicator, and glide slope indicator.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW Descent and Approach FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Pathways are shown descending only for a programmed descent (Figures 8-5, 8-6). When the flight plan includes programmed descent segments, pathways are displayed along the descent path provided that the selected altitude is lower than the programmed altitude.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES Missed Approach FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Upon activating the missed approach, pathways lead to the Missed Approach Holding Point (MAHP) and are displayed as a level path at the published altitude for the MAHP, or the selected altitude, whichever is the highest. If the initial missed approach leg is a Course-to-Altitude (CA) leg, the pathways boxes will be displayed level at the altitude published for the MAHP.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT PATH MARKER FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Flight Path Marker (FPM), also known as a Velocity Vector, is displayed on the PFD at groundspeeds above 30 knots. The FPM depicts the approximate projected path of the aircraft accounting for wind speed and direction relative to the three-dimensional terrain display. The FPM is always available when the Synthetic Terrain feature is in operation.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES HORIZON HEADING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Horizon Heading is synchronized with the HSI and shows approximately 60 degrees of compass heading in 30‑degree increments on the Zero Pitch Line. Horizon Heading tick marks and digits appearing on the zero pitch line are not visible behind either the airspeed or altitude display. Horizon Heading is used for general heading awareness, and is activated and deactivated by pressing the HRZN HDG Softkey.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW RUNWAYS WARNING: Do not use SVS runway depiction as the sole means for determining the proximity of the aircraft FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS to the runway or for maintaining the proper approach path angle during landing. NOTE: Not all airports have runways with endpoint data in the database, therefore, these runways are not displayed. EIS Runway data provides improved awareness of runway location with respect to the surrounding terrain.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES TERRAIN-SVS AND TAWS ALERTING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Terrain alerting on the synthetic terrain display is triggered by Forward-looking Terrain Avoidance (FLTA) alerts, and corresponds to the red and yellow X symbols on the Inset Map and MFD map displays. For more detailed information regarding Terrain-SVS and TAWS, refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Obstacles are represented on the synthetic terrain display by standard two-dimensional tower symbols found on the Inset map and MFD maps and charts. Obstacle symbols appear in the perspective view with relative height above terrain and distance from the aircraft.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES FIELD OF VIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The PFD field of view can be represented on the MFD Navigation Map Page. Two dashed lines forming a V‑shape in front of the aircraft symbol on the map, represent the forward viewing area shown on the PFD. Configuring field of view: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight Map Setup and press the ENT Key.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW The following figure compares the PFD forward looking depiction with the MFD plan view and FIELD OF VIEW turned on.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.2 SAFETAXI FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SafeTaxi is an enhanced feature that gives greater map detail when viewing airports at close range. The maximum map ranges for enhanced detail are pilot configurable. When viewing at ranges close enough to show the airport detail, the map reveals taxiways with identifying letters/numbers, airport Hot Spots, and airport landmarks including ramps, buildings, control towers, and other prominent features.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Taxiway Identification EIS Aircraft Position Airport Hot Spot Outline AUDIO PANEL & CNS Airport Features HAZARD AVOIDANCE The DCLTR Softkey (declutter) label advances to DCLTR-1, DCLTR -2, and DCLTR-3 each time the softkey is pressed for easy recognition of decluttering level. Pressing the DCLTR Softkey removes the taxiway markings and airport feature labels.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES Configuring SafeTaxi range: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Map Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. Figure 8-15 Navigation Map PAGE MENU, Map Setup Option 3) Turn the FMS Knob to select the Aviation Group and press the ENT Key.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW SafeTaxi database is revised every 56 days. SafeTaxi is always available for use after the expiration date. When turning on the system, the Power-up Page indicates whether the databases are current, out of date, or not available. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SafeTaxi Database EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Power-up Page Display FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-17 Power-up Page, SafeTaxi Database Definition Normal operation. SafeTaxi database is valid and within current cycle.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES The SafeTaxi database cycle number shown in the figure, 09S5, is deciphered as follows: 09 – Indicates the year 2009 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS S – Indicates the data is for SafeTaxi 5 – Indicates the fifth issue of the SafeTaxi database for the year FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS The SafeTaxi EFFECTIVE date 27–AUG–09 is the beginning date for the current database cycle. SafeTaxi EXPIRES date 22–OCT–09 is the revision date for the next database cycle.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Figure 8-19 illustrates possible SafeTaxi database conditions that may appear on the AUX - System Status Page. The EFFECTIVE date is the beginning date for this database cycle. If the present date is before the effective date, the EFFECTIVE date appears in yellow and the EXPIRES date appears in blue. The EXPIRES date is the revision date for the next database cycle.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.3 CHARTVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ChartView resembles the paper version of Jeppesen terminal procedures charts. The charts are displayed in full color with high-resolution. The MFD depiction shows the aircraft position on the moving map in the plan view of approach charts and on airport diagrams. Airport Hot Spots are outlined in magenta. The ChartView database subscription is available from Jeppesen, Inc.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW TERMINAL PROCEDURES CHARTS Selecting Terminal Procedures Charts: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airport Page, or Flight Plan Page, press the SHW CHRT Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu to Show Chart. EIS 3) Press the ENT Key to display the chart.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES When a chart is not available by pressing the SHW CHRT Softkey or selecting a Page Menu Option, charts may be obtained for other airports from the WPT Pages or Flight Plan Pages. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If a chart is available for the destination airport, or the airport selected in the active flight plan, the chart appears on the screen.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW While the APPROACH Box is selected using the FMS Knob, the G1000 softkeys are blank. Once the desired chart is selected, the chart scale can be changed and the chart page can be scrolled using the Joystick. Pressing the Joystick centers the chart on the screen. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The aircraft symbol is shown on the chart only if the chart is to scale and the aircraft position is within the boundaries of the chart.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the INFO-1 or INFO-2 Softkey returns to the airport diagram chart when the view is on a terminal procedure chart. If the displayed chart is the airport diagram chart, pressing the INFO-1 or INFO-2 Softkey returns to the Airport Information Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The aircraft position is shown in magenta on the ChartView diagrams when the location of the aircraft is within the chart boundaries.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW In the example shown in Figure 8-26, the Class B Chart is selected. Pressing the ENT Key displays the Charlotte Class B Airspace Chart (Figure 8-27). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-27 Airport Information Page, Class B Chart Selected from INFO View HAZARD AVOIDANCE Pressing the DP Softkey displays the Departure Procedure Chart if available.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the STAR Softkey displays the Standard Terminal Arrival Chart if available. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Chart Not To Scale AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Change Range and Scroll Through the Chart With the Joystick FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Aircraft Not Shown Icon Figure 8-29 Arrival Information Page APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Pressing the APR Softkey displays the approach chart for the airport if available.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the WX Softkey shows the airport weather frequency information, and includes weather data such as METAR and TAF from the XM Data Link Receiver, when available. Weather information is available only when an XM Data Link Receiver is installed and the XM Weather subscription is current.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: A subdued softkey label indicates the function is disabled. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Only NOTAMs applicable to specific information conveyed on the displayed Jeppesen chart are available when the NOTAM Softkey is selected. There may be other NOTAMs available pertaining to the flight that may not be displayed. Contact Jeppesen for more information regarding Jeppesen databasepublished NOTAMs.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Local NOTAM on This Airport EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NOTAM Softkey Selected Figure 8-33 Airport Information Page, Local NOTAMs Pressing the NOTAM Softkey again removes the NOTAMS information. HAZARD AVOIDANCE Pressing the GO BACK Softkey reverts to the previous page (Navigation Map Page, Nearest Pages, or Flight Plan Page).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHART OPTIONS Pressing the CHRT OPT Softkey displays the next level of softkeys, the chart options level (Figure 8-20). AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Pressing the ALL Softkey shows the complete approach chart on the screen.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the HEADER Softkey shows the header view (approach chart briefing strip) on the screen. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS Approach Chart Briefing Strip AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-35 Approach Information Page, Header View HAZARD AVOIDANCE Pressing the PLAN Softkey shows the approach chart two dimensional plan view.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Pressing the PROFILE Softkey displays the approach chart descent profile strip. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS Approach Chart Descent Profile Strip Figure 8-37 Approach Information Page, Profile View, Full Screen Width ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Pressing the MINIMUMS Softkey displays the minimum descent altitude/visibility strip at the bottom of the approach chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the chart scale has been adjusted to view a small area of the chart, pressing the FIT WIDTH Softkey changes the chart size to fit the available screen width.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the FULL SCN Softkey alternates between removing and replacing the data window to the right. Selecting Additional Information: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) While viewing the Airport Taxi Diagram, press the FULL SCN Softkey to display the information windows (AIRPORT, INFO). 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the AIRPORT, INFO, RUNWAYS, or FREQUENCIES Box (INFO Box shown).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW The full screen view can also be selected by using the page menu option. Selecting full screen On or Off: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Chart Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to move between the FULL SCREEN and COLOR SCHEME Options. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to choose between the On and Off Full Screen Options.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES DAY/NIGHT VIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ChartView can be displayed on a white or black background for day or night viewing. The Day View offers a better presentation in a bright environment. The Night View gives a better presentation for viewing in a dark environment. When the CHART SETUP Box is selected the G1000 softkeys are blank. Selecting Day, Night, or Automatic View: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-43 Arrival Information Page, Day View HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES Figure 8-44 Arrival Information Page, Night View INDEX 190-00749-03 Rev A Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 463
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHARTVIEW CYCLE NUMBER AND EXPIRATION DATE AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ChartView database is revised every 14 days. Charts are still viewable during a period that extends from the cycle expiration date to the disables date. ChartView is disabled 70 days after the expiration date and is no longer available for viewing. When turning on the system, the Power-up Page displays the current status of the ChartView database.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The ChartView time critical information can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. The database CYCLE number, EXPIRES, and DISABLES dates of the ChartView subscription appear in either blue or yellow text. When the ChartView EXPIRES date is reached, ChartView becomes inoperative 70 days later. This is shown as the DISABLES date. When the DISABLES date is reached, charts are no longer available for viewing.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Other possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown in Figure 8-47. The EXPIRES date, in yellow, is the revision date for the next database cycle. The DISABLES date, in yellow, is the date that this database cycle is no longer viewable. CYCLE NOT AVAILABLE in blue, indicates no ChartView data is available on the database card or no database card is inserted.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW 8.4 FLITECHARTS • Departure Procedures (DP) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FliteCharts resemble the paper version of AeroNav Services terminal procedures charts. The charts are displayed with high-resolution and in color for applicable charts. FliteCharts database subscription is available from Garmin.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES TERMINAL PROCEDURES CHARTS Selecting Terminal Procedures Charts: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airport Page, or Flight Plan Page, press the SHW CHRT Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu to Show Chart. HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS 3) Press the ENT Key to display the chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW When a chart is not available by pressing the SHW CHRT Softkey or selecting a Page Menu Option, charts may be obtained for other airports from the WPT Pages or Flight Plan Pages. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If a chart is available for the destination airport, or the airport selected in the active flight plan, the chart appears on the screen.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES While the APPROACH Box is selected using the FMS Knob, the G1000 softkeys are blank. Once the desired chart is selected, the chart scale can be changed and the chart can be panned using the Joystick. Pressing the Joystick centers the chart on the screen. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The aircraft symbol is not shown on FliteCharts. The Chart Scale Box displays a banner NOT TO SCALE, and the Aircraft Not Shown Icon is displayed in the lower right corner of the screen.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the INFO-1 or INFO-2 Softkey returns to the airport diagram chart when the view is on a terminal procedure chart. If the displayed chart is the airport diagram chart, pressing the INFO-1 or INFO-2 Softkey returns to the Airport Information Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Another source for additional airport information is from the INFO Box above the chart (Figure 8-53) or to the right of the chart (Figure 8-54) for certain airports.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In the example shown in Figure 8-54, TAKE OFF MINIMUMS is selected. Pressing the ENT Key displays the Take-off Minimums and Departure Procedures Chart (Figure 8-55). HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 8-55 Airport Information Page, TAKE OFF MINIMUMS Selected from INFO View INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS Pressing the DP Softkey displays the Departure Procedure Chart if available.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the STAR Softkey displays the Standard Terminal Arrival Chart if available. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-57 Arrival Information Page Pressing the APR Softkey displays the approach chart for the airport if available.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the WX Softkey shows the airport weather frequency information, when available, and includes weather data such as METAR and TAF from the XM Data Link Receiver. Weather information is available only when an XM Data Link Receiver is installed and the XM Weather subscription is current. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting Additional Information: 1) While viewing the Airport Taxi Diagram, press the WX Softkey to display the information windows (AIRPORT, INFO).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW CHART OPTIONS Pressing the CHRT OPT Softkey displays the next level of softkeys, the chart options level (Figure 8-48). Pressing the ALL Softkey shows the complete chart on the screen.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Pressing the FIT WIDTH Softkey fits the width of the chart in the display viewing area. In the example shown, the chart at close range is replaced with the full width chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the FULL SCN Softkey alternates between removing and replacing the data window to the right. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE Press FULL SCN Softkey to Switch Between Chart on Full Screen and Chart with Info Window AFCS Figure 8-62 Airport Information Page, Full Screen and Info Window ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the BACK Softkey, or waiting for 45 seconds reverts to the chart selection softkeys.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES The full screen view can also be selected by using the page menu option. Selecting full screen On or Off: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Chart Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to move between the FULL SCREEN and COLOR SCHEME Options.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW DAY/NIGHT VIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FliteCharts can be displayed on a white or black background for day or night viewing. The Day View offers a better presentation in a bright environment. The Night View gives a better presentation for viewing in a dark environment. When the CHART SETUP Box is selected the G1000 softkeys are blank. Selecting Day, Night, or Automatic View: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 8-65 Approach Information Page, Day View INDEX Figure 8-66 Approach Information Page, Night View 480 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev A
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLITECHARTS CYCLE NUMBER AND EXPIRATION DATE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FliteCharts data is revised every 28 days. Charts are still viewable during a period that extends from the cycle expiration date to the disables date. FliteCharts are disabled 180 days after the expiration date and are no longer available for viewing upon reaching the disables date. When turning on the system, the Power-up Page displays the current status of the FliteCharts database.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES When the 180 day grace period has expired, ‘Chart data is disabled.’ in yellow indicates that the FliteCharts database has expired and is no longer viewable. ‘Chart Data: N/A’ appears in white if no FliteCharts data is available on the database card or no database card is inserted. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FliteCharts time critical information can also be found on the AUX - System Status page.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW The FliteCharts database is provided from Garmin. Refer to Updating Garmin Databases in Appendix B for instructions on revising the FliteCharts database. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The other three possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown here. The EXPIRES date, in yellow, is the revision date for the next database cycle. The DISABLES date, in yellow, is the date that this database cycle is no longer viewable.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.5 AOPA AIRPORT DIRECTORY FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) Airport Directory database offers detailed information regarding services, hours of operation, lodging options, and more. This information is viewed on the Airport Directory Page as shown in Figure 8-70. Selecting the Airport Directory Page: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the ‘WPT’ page group. EIS 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the AIRPORT INFORMATION Page.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW AOPA DATABASE CYCLE NUMBER AND REVISION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The AOPA Airport Directory database is revised four times per year. Check fly.garmin.com for the current database. The Airport Directory is always available for use after the expiration date. When turning on the system, the Power-up Page indicates whether the databases are current, out of date, or not available.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES The Airport Directory Region, Version, Cycle, Effective date and Expires date of the database cycle can also be found on the AUX - System Status page, as seen in Figure 8-72. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Press the MFD1 DB Softkey to place the cursor in the DATABASE window. Scroll through the listed information by turning the FMS Knob or pressing the ENT Key until the Airport Directory database information is shown.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW 8.6 SIRIUSXM™ RADIO ENTERTAINMENT (OPTIONAL) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section for information about XM Weather products. The optional SiriusXM™ Radio entertainment feature of the GDL 69A Data Link Receiver is available for the pilot’s and passengers’ enjoyment. The GDL 69A can receive SiriusXM™ Satellite Radio® entertainment services at any altitude throughout the Continental U.S.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: The LOCK Softkey on the XM Information Page (Auxiliary Page Group) is used to save GDL 69A FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS activation data when the XM services are initially set up. It is not used during normal SiriusXM™ Radio operation, but there should be no adverse effects if inadvertently pressed during flight. Refer to the GDL 69/69A XM Satellite Radio Activation Instructions (190-00355-04, Rev H or later) for further information.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW USING SIRIUSXM™ RADIO The optional GRC 10 Remote Control Unit provides control of the SiriusXM™ Radio functions idependent of the MFD controls. See the GRC 10 User’s Guide for details. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The XM Radio Page provides information and control of the audio entertainment features of the SiriusXM™ Satellite Radio. Selecting the XM Radio Page: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Auxiliary Page Group.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES 1) Press the FMS Knob to highlight the channel list and turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the channels. 2) Press the ENT Key to activate the selected channel. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting a channel directly: 1) While on the XM Radio Page, press the CHNL Softkey. 2) Press the DIR CH Softkey. The channel number in the Active Channel Box is highlighted.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW PRESETS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Up to 15 channels from any category can be assigned a preset number. The preset channels are selected by pressing the PRESETS and MORE Softkeys. Then the preset channel can be selected directly and added to the channel list for the Presets category.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.7 SCHEDULER FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Scheduler feature can be used to enter and display reminder messages (e.g., Phase 1 Inspection, Switch fuel tanks, or Altimeter-Transponder Check) in the Alerts Window on the PFD. Messages can be set to display based on a specific date and time (event), once the message timer reaches zero (one-time; default setting), or recurrently whenever the message timer reaches zero (periodic).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW 9) For event-based messages: a) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired date (DD-MM-YY) and press the ENT Key. b) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to the next field. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS c) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired time (HH:MM) and press the ENT Key. 10) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to enter the next message. Deleting a scheduler message: 1) Select the AUX - Utility Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.8 FLIGHT DATA LOGGING NOTE: Some aircraft installations may not provide all aircraft/engine data capable of being logged by the FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS system. The Flight Data Logging feature will automatically store critical flight and engine data on an SD data card (up to 16GB) inserted into the top card slot of the MFD. Approximately 1,000 flight hours can be recorded for each 1GB of available space on the card.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW The file containing the recorded data will appear in the format shown in Figure 8-80. This file can be imported into most computer spreadsheet applications. Local 24hr Time HHMMSS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Local Date YYMMDD Nearest Airport (A blank will be inserted if no airport is found) log_090210_104506_KIXD.csv EIS Figure 8-80 Log File Format AUDIO PANEL & CNS Data logging status can be monitored on the AUX-UTILITY Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.9 ABNORMAL OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SVS TROUBLESHOOTING SVS is intended to be used with traditional attitude, heading, obstacle, terrain, and traffic inputs. SVS is disabled when valid attitude or heading data is not available for the display. In case of invalid SVS data, the PFD display reverts to the standard blue-over-brown attitude display.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW UNUSUAL ATTITUDES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Unusual attitudes are displayed with red chevrons overlaid on the display indicating the direction to fly to correct the unusual attitude condition. The display shows either a brown or blue colored bar at the top or bottom of the screen to represent earth or sky. This is intended to prevent losing sight of the horizon during extreme pitch attitudes.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES GDL 69/69A DATA LINK RECEIVER TROUBLESHOOTING Some quick troubleshooting steps listed below can be performed to find the possible cause of a failure.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW If a failure still exists, the following messages may provide insight as to the possible problem: NO SIGNAL LOADING OFF AIR --- Message Location XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field Weather Datalink Page - center of page XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field Description Data Link Receiver antenna error; service required Dat
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES Blank Page 500 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev A
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The Cessna Caravan Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) supersedes information found in this document. The G1000 Alerting System conveys alerts to the pilot using a combination of the following items: EIS • CAS Annunciation Window: The CAS (Crew Alerting System) Annunciation Window (Figure A-1) displays automatically if condition(s) warrant and contains abbreviated annunciation text .
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A EIS System Annunciation Red ‘X’ AUDIO PANEL & CNS CAS Annunciation Window FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Alerts Window HAZARD AVOIDANCE Softkey Annunciation AFCS Figure A-1 Annunciation and Alerting System ADDITIONAL FEATURES Comparator Window APPENDICES Reversionary Sensor Window INDEX Figure A-2 Comparator and Sensor Window 502 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW CAS ANNUNCIATION ALERT LEVELS The G1000 Crew Alerting System, as installed in Cessna Caravan, uses three alert levels. • WARNING: This level of alert requires immediate attention. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Warning annunciation text is shown in red in the CAS Annunciation Window and is accompanied by a continuous chime and flashing WARNING Softkey (see Figure A-3). Pressing the WARNING Softkey acknowledges the presence of the warning annunciation and stops the aural chime.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A CARAVAN CAS ANNUNCIATIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The following alerts are configured specifically for the Cessna Caravan. See the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) for information regarding pilot responses.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW Audio Alert FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Annunciation Window Text L P/S HEAT R P/S HEAT L-R P/S HEAT STALL HEAT STARTER ON STBY PWR INOP * Applicable installations only Single Chime EIS ADVISORY ANNUNCIATIONS Audio Alert AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT None HAZARD AVOIDANCE Annunciation Window Text A-ICE NORM* A-ICE HIGH* CVR FAIL ETM CAPTURE ETM EXCEED FDR FAIL IGNITION ON PREV EXCEED SPD NOT AVAIL STBY PWR ON * Applicable installations only Audio Alert None ADDITIONA
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A COMPARATOR ANNUNCIATIONS The following is a list of the possible annunciations: FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Comparator Window Text Condition Difference in altitude sensors is > 200 ft. ALT MISCOMP If both airspeed sensors detect < 35 kts, this is inhibited. IAS MISCOMP If either airspeed sensor detects > 35 kts, and the difference in sensors is > 10 kts. If either airspeed sensor detects > 80 kts, and the difference in sensors is > 7 kts.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW VOICE ALERTS The following voice alerts can be configured for ‘Male’ or ‘Female’ gender by using Aux System Setup Page on the MFD. “Minimums” The aircraft has descended below the preset minimum descent altitude or decision altitude. Played when first Traffic Advisory (TA) is issued. “Traffic” for each subsequent TA. Played when the TAS system passes a pilot-initiated self test. Played when the TAS system fails a pilot-initiated self test.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A System Annunciation Comment System Annunciation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Attitude and Heading Reference System is aligning. Display system is not receiving vertical speed input from the air data computer. EIS Display system is not receiving attitude information from the AHRS. Display system is not receiving valid heading input from AHRS AUDIO PANEL & CNS AHRS calibration incomplete or configuration module failure.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW G1000 SYSTEM MESSAGE ADVISORIES NOTE: This section provides information regarding G1000 message advisories that may be displayed by FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS the system. Knowledge of the aircraft, systems, flight conditions, and other existing operational priorities must be considered when responding to a message. Always use sound pilot judgment. The Cessna Caravan Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) takes precedence over any conflicting guidance found in this section.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A MFD & PFD MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message PFD1 KEYSTK – PFD1 [key name] Key is stuck. PFD2 KEYSTK – PFD2 [key name] Key is stuck. MFD1 KEYSTK – MFD [key name] Key is stuck. CNFG MODULE – PFD1 configuration module is inoperative. PFD1 VOLTAGE – PFD1 has low voltage. Reducing power usage PFD2 VOLTAGE – PFD2 has low voltage. Reducing power usage MFD1 VOLTAGE – MFD1 has low voltage.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW DATABASE MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Comments FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The MFD and/or PFD detected a failure in the obstacle database. Ensure that the data card is properly inserted. Replace data card. If problem persists, the system should be serviced. EIS The obstacle database is present on another LRU, but is missing on the specified LRU. AUDIO PANEL & CNS The MFD and/or PFD detected a failure in the airport terrain database. Ensure that the data card is properly inserted.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A DATABASE MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message DB MISMATCH – Aviation database type mismatch. Xtalk is off. DB MISMATCH – Terrain database version mismatch. DB MISMATCH – Terrain database type mismatch. DB MISMATCH – Obstacle database version mismatch. DB MISMATCH – Airport Terrain database mismatch. Comments The PFDs and MFD have different aviation database types installed (Americas, European, etc.). Crossfill is off.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW GIA 63W MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message Comments The GIA1 and/or GIA2 temperature is too low to operate correctly. Allow units to warm up to operating temperature. The GIA1 and/or GIA2 temperature is too high. If problem persists, the system should be serviced. EIS The GIA1 and/or GIA2 self-test has detected a problem in the unit. The system should be serviced. AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT A GIA mismatch has been detected, where only one is SBAS capable.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A GIA 63W MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message LOI – GPS integrity lost. Crosscheck with other NAVS. GPS NAV LOST – Loss of GPS navigation. Insufficient satellites. GPS NAV LOST – Loss of GPS navigation. Position error. GPS NAV LOST – Loss of GPS navigation. GPS fail. ABORT APR – Loss of GPS navigation. Abort approach. APR DWNGRADE – Approach downgraded. TRUE APR – True north approach.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW GSD 41 MESSAGE ADVISORIES Comments GSD1 and the CDU have different copies of the GSD1 configuration. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS GSD1 is reporting a low temperature condition. GSD1 is reporting an over-temperature condition. GSD1 is reporting an internal error condition. The GSD may still be usable. EIS Message GSD1 CONFIG – GSD1 config error. Config service req’d. GSD1 COOLING – GSD1 temperature too low. GSD1 COOLING – GSD1 over temperature. GSD1 SERVICE – GSD1 needs service.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A GRS 77 MESSAGE ADVISORIES APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message AHRS1 TAS – AHRS1 not receiving valid airspeed. AHRS2 TAS – AHRS2 not receiving valid airspeed. AHRS1 GPS – AHRS1 using backup GPS source. AHRS2 GPS – AHRS2 using backup GPS source. AHRS1 GPS – AHRS1 not receiving any GPS information. AHRS2 GPS – AHRS2 not receiving any GPS information.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW GMU 44 MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Comments FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message MANIFEST – GMU1 software mismatch, communication halted. MANIFEST – GMU2 software mismatch, communication halted. The GMU 44 has incorrect software installed. The system should be serviced. GDL 69A MESSAGE ADVISORIES AUDIO PANEL & CNS MANIFEST – GDL software mismatch, communication halted. Comments GDL 69 configuration settings do not match those of backup configuration memory.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A GMC 710 MESSAGE ADVISORIES EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message GMC CONFIG – GMC Config error. Config service req’d. GMC FAIL – GMC is inoperative. MANIFEST – GMC software mismatch. Communication halted. GMC KEYSTK – GMC [key name] Key is stuck. Comments Error in the configuration of the GMC 710. A failure has been detected in the GMC 710. The GMC 710 is unavailable. The GMC 710 has incorrect software installed. The system should be serviced. A key is stuck on the GMC 710 bezel.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW MISCELLANEOUS MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) IAF waypoint for parallel offset has been passed. The current vertical waypoint can not be reached within the maximum flight path angle and vertical speed constraints. The system automatically transitions to the next vertical waypoint. The lateral flight plan contains a procedure turn, vector, or other unsupported leg type prior to the active vertical waypoint. This prevents vertical guidance to the active vertical waypoint.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A MISCELLANEOUS MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Comments Selected course for LOC1 differs from published localizer course by more than 10 degrees. Selected course for LOC2 differs from published localizer course by more than 10 degrees. The SD card was removed from the top card slot of the specified PFD or MFD. The SD card needs to be reinserted. The SD card was removed from the bottom card slot of the specified PFD or MFD. The SD card needs to be reinserted.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW AFCS ALERTS System Status Field FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Figure A-9 AFCS System Status Field Condition Pitch Failure Annunciation Description Pitch axis control failure. AP is inoperative. System Failure AP and MET are unavailable. FD may still be available. Elevator Mistrim Up A condition has developed causing the pitch servo to provide a sustained force. Be prepared to apply nose up control wheel force upon autopilot disconnect.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A TERRAIN-SVS ALERTS PFD/MFD TERRAINSVS Page Annunciation EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Alert Type MFD Pop-Up Alert Reduced Required Terrain Clearance Warning (RTC) Imminent Terrain Impact Warning (ITI) “Warning; Terrain, Terrain” Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance Warning (ROC) Imminent Obstacle Impact Warning (IOI) “Warning; Obstacle, Obstacle” “Warning; Obstacle, Obstacle” “Caution; Terrain, Terrain” “Warning; Terrain, Terrain” AUDIO PANEL & CNS Reduced Required Terrain Cl
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW TAWS-B ALERTS Annunciations appear on the PFD and MFD. Pop-up alerts appear only on the MFD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A TAWS-B SYSTEM STATUS ANNUNCIATIONS PFD/MFD Alert Annunciation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Alert Type TAWS-B Page Annunciation Aural Message TAWS TEST None None “TAWS System Test OK” None None TERRAIN DATABASE FAILURE None TAWS-B System Test Fail TAWS FAIL “TAWS System Failure” Terrain or Obstacle database unavailable or invalid, invalid software configuration, system audio fault TAWS FAIL “TAWS System Failure” NO GPS POSITION “TAWS Not Available” None “TAWS Not Avail
APPENDIX B SYSTEM OVERVIEW DATABASE UPDATES CAUTION: Never disconnect power to the system when loading a database. Power interuption during the FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS database loading process could result in maintenance being required to reboot the system. NOTE: Garmin requests the flight crew report any observed discrepancies related to database information.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX B FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Display Database Selection Softkey (Figure B-2) is used to place the cursor in the Database Window. Upon first press of the Display Database Selection Softkey, the softkey will change to a selected state (black text on gray background) and the cursor will appear in the Database Window. At this point the user can scroll through all databases in the Database Window to view status information.
APPENDIX B SYSTEM OVERVIEW The obstacle database contains data for obstacles, such as towers, that pose a potential hazard to aircraft. Obstacles 200 feet and higher are included in the obstacle database. It is very important to note that not all obstacles are necessarily charted and therefore may not be contained in the obstacle database. This database is updated on a 56-day cycle. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and obstacle databases comes from government agencies.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX B The navigation database is loaded from an SD card inserted into the top card slot of each displayed. The database is copied from the SD card in the top card slot to the display’s internal memory. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS LOADING UPDATED DATABASES In some cases it may be necessary to obtain an unlock code from Garmin in order to make the database product functional.
APPENDIX B SYSTEM OVERVIEW Loading the Jeppesen navigation database: NOTE: Loading the Jeppesen navigation database prior to its effective date will result in the expiration date on the power-up screen and the effective date on the AUX-System Status Page being displayed in yellow. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Copy the new navigation database to an SD card obtained from Garmin, or the aircraft manufacturer.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX B MAGNETIC FIELD VARIATION DATABASE UPDATE AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A copy of the current magnetic field variation database (MV DB) is included with the navigation database. At startup, the system compares this version of the MV DB with that presently being used by each AHRS (GRS1 and GRS2). If the system determines the MV DB needs to be updated, a prompt is displayed on the Navigation Map Page, as shown in Figure B-7.
APPENDIX B SYSTEM OVERVIEW 3) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key on the MFD. A progress monitor is displayed as shown in Figure B-10. When the upload is complete, the system is ready for use. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure B-10 Uploading Database to GRS2 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00749-03 Rev.
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX B Blank Page 532 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
APPENDIX C SYSTEM OVERVIEW GLOSSARY AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES density altitude database decibels ‘Z’ (radar return) Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan INDEX 190-00749-03 Rev. A D ALT DB, DBASE dBZ EIS B ALT barometric altitude BARO barometric setting BATT battery BC backcourse Bearing The compass direction from the present position to a destination waypoint.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX C HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS DCLTR, DECLTR declutter DEC FUEL decrease fuel deg degree DEIC, DEICE de-icing DEP departure Desired Track The desired course between the active “from” and “to” waypoints.
APPENDIX C EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT KEYSTK key stuck kg kilogram kHz kilohertz km kilometer kt knot HAZARD AVOIDANCE L left, left runway LAT latitude LBL label lb pound LCD Liquid Crystal Display LCL local LED Light Emitting Diode Left Over Fuel On Board The amount of fuel remaining on board after the completion of one or more legs of a flight plan or direct-to.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX C FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS LRU Line Replaceable Unit LT left LTNG lightning LVL level AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS M Middle Marker m meter MAG Magnetic MAG VAR Magnetic Variation MAHP Missed Approach Hold Point MAN IN manifold pressure (inches Hg) MAN SQ Manual Squelch MAP Missed Approach Point MASQ Master Avionics Squelch MAX maximum MAXSPD maximum speed (overspeed) MDA barometric minimum descent altitude MET manual electric trim METAR
APPENDIX C EIS UNAVAIL unavailable USR user UTC Coordinated Universal Time UTM/UPS Universal Transverse Mercator / Universal Polar Stereographic Grid AUDIO PANEL & CNS V, Vspeed velocity (airspeed) VA Heading Vector to Altitude VAPP VOR approach VAR variation VD Heading Vector to DME Distance Vdc volts, direct current VERT vertical Vertical Figure of Merit A measure of the uncertainty in the aircraft’s vertical position.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX C VTF vector to final FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS W watt(s), west WAAS Wide Area Augmentation System WARN warning (GPS position error) WGS-84 World Geodetic System - 1984 WPT waypoint(s) WW world wide WX weather INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS XFER, XFR transfer XPDR transponder XTALK cross-talk XTK cross-track 538 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-03 Rev.
APPENDIX D SYSTEM OVERVIEW FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If a particular aspect of G1000 operational capability is not addressed by these commonly asked questions or in the index, contact Garmin (see the copyright page or back cover for contact information) or a Garmin-authorized dealer. Garmin is dedicated to supporting its products and customers. What is SBAS? EIS The Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) uses a system of ground stations to correct any GPS signal errors.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX D For RAIM to work correctly, the GPS receiver must track at least five satellites. A minimum of six satellites is required to allow RAIM to eliminate a single corrupt satellite from the navigation solution. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS RAIM ensures that satellite geometry allows for a navigation solution calculation within a specified protection limit (2.0 nm for oceanic and en route, 1.0 nm for terminal, and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches).
APPENDIX D • Manual course change on HSI not possible • Manually select course to waypoint from HSI • Always navigates ‘TO’ the active waypoint • Indicates ‘TO’ or ‘FROM’ waypoint • Must be in this mode for final approach course • Cannot be set for final approach course or published holding patterns FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS OBS • Manual sequencing - ‘holds’ on selected waypoint SYSTEM OVERVIEW Normal (OBS not activated) • Automatic sequencing of waypoints EIS When OBS mode is active, the G1000 allows
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX D When does the CDI scale change? FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Once a departure is activated, the G1000 Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) full scale deflection is set to 0.3 nm. The CDI scale changes to 1.0 nm (terminal mode) then ramps up to 2.0 nm (enroute mode) at 30 nm from the departure airport. When 31 nm from the destination, the CDI scale smoothly transition from 2.0 nm back to 1.0 nm (terminal mode). At 2.
APPENDIX E SYSTEM OVERVIEW DISPLAY SYMBOLS AIRPORT LINE SYMBOLS Symbol Unknown Airport Item ICAO Control Area Class B Airspace Symbol FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Item Mode C Tower Area Non-towered, Non-serviced Airport Non-towered, Serviced Airport AUDIO PANEL & CNS Towered, Serviced Airport EIS Warning Area Prohibited Area Alert Area Restricted Area Caution Area Training Area Danger Area Unknown Area Class C Terminal Radar Service Area Mode C Area Towered, Non-serviced Airport Military Operations Ar
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX E Proximity Advisory Overzoom Indicator Traffic Advisory, Out of Range FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Terrain Proximity or TAWS Enabled Traffic Advisory Traffic Enabled EIS User Waypoint AUDIO PANEL & CNS Vertical Navigation Along Track Waypoint Parallel Track Waypoint FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Unanchored Flight Path Waypoint Top of Descent (TOD) HAZARD AVOIDANCE Bottom of Descent (BOD) Navigating using Dead Reckoning STORMSCOPE LIGHTNING STRIKES AFCS Item Symbol Lightning Strike (
APPENDIX E SYSTEM OVERVIEW TERRAIN AVOIDANCE COLORS AND SYMBOLS Terrain Above Aircraft Altitude 100 ft Threshold 1000 ft FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Red terrain is above or within 100 ft below the aircraft altitude Aircraft Altitude EIS Terrain Color Terrain Location Yellow terrain is between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude Red (WARNING) Terrain above, or within 100 ft below the aircraft altitude Yellow (CAUTION) Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude Black Black terrai
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX E HAZARD AVOIDANCE FEATURES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS This table identifies the symbols displayed in the lower right corner of PFD or MFD maps to indicate which hazard avoidance features are activated for display.
INDEX EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE B Backcourse Mode-------------------------------------------405 Backlighting----------------------------------------------45, 46 Barometric setting, Altimeter----------------------48, 54–55 Baro Transition Alert----------------------------------------- 56 Bearing/distance, measuring------------------------------146 Bearing information--------------------------------49, 61–62 Bearing Information windows----------------------------- 61 Bearing l
SYSTEM OVERVIEW INDEX EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ChartView softkeys-----------------------------------------446 CLD TOP Softkey--------------------------------------------294 Closest Point-------------------------------------------------224 COM channel spacing--------------------------------------105 COM frequency box-------------------------------------95, 98 Command Bars----------------------------------------------381 Communication (COM) Frequency Window------------- 48 Comparator Window-----------------
INDEX J Gain-----------------------------------------------------------324 GDC 74A-------------------------------------------------------- 1 GDL 69/69A----------------------------------------------1, 280 GDU 1040------------------------------------------------------ 1 GEA 71---------------------------------------------------------- 1 GFC 700------------------------------------------------------375 GIA 63----------------------------------------------------------- 1 Glidepath---------------------------------
SYSTEM OVERVIEW INDEX AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Navigation Status Box-------------------------------------- 48 Nav radio selection-----------------------------------------107 Nearest Airport-----------------------------------------------------239 Airports---------------------------------------- 40, 184–187 VOR------------------------------------------------- 184–185 nearest airport---------------------------------- 168, 169, 170 Nearest Airport---------------------------168, 169, 170, 17
INDEX AUDIO PANEL & CNS U Unable to display chart----------------------------- 447, 468 Updating Garmin databases------------------------------444 V FLIGHT MANAGEMENT VDI----------------------------------------------------- 266, 267 Vertical deviation-------------------------------------- 54, 391 Vertical deviation guidance-------------------------------228 Vertical Deviation Indicator-------------------------------266 Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI)-------------------------- 57 Vertical navigation-
SYSTEM OVERVIEW INDEX VSI-------------------------------------------------------------267 Vspeed references------------------------------------------- 51 VS TGT------------------------------------------------- 227, 265 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS W AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS WAAS--------------------------------------249, 409, 538, 539 WAAS precision approach---------------------------------419 WARNING----------------------------------------------------503 Warning alerts----------------------------------------------
G1000 ® Integrated Flight Deck Pilot’s Guide ® G1000 Pilot’s Guide Garmin International, Inc. 1200 East 151st Street Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A. p:913.397.8200 f:913.397.8282 Garmin (Europe) Ltd. Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road Houndsdown Business Park Southampton, SO40 9RB, U.K. p:44/0870.8501241 f:44/0870.8501251 Garmin Corporation No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan p:886/02.2642.9199 f:886/02.2642.9099 www.garmin.com Cessna Caravan Garmin AT, Inc.
