G1000 ® Integrated Flight Deck Pilot’s Guide ® G1000 Pilot’s Guide Garmin International, Inc. 1200 East 151st Street Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A. p:913.397.8200 f:913.397.8282 Garmin (Europe) Ltd. Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road Houndsdown Business Park Southampton, SO40 9RB, U.K. p:44/0870.8501241 f:44/0870.8501251 Garmin Corporation No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan p:886/02.2642.9199 f:886/02.2642.9099 www.garmin.com Cessna Caravan Garmin AT, Inc.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX
Copyright © 2008 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. This manual reflects the operation of System Software version 0767.00 or later for the Cessna Caravan. Some differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software versions. Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A. Tel: 913/397.8200 Fax: 913/397.8282 Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Road SE, Salem, OR 97302, U.S.A. Tel: 503/391.
LIMITED WARRANTY LIMITED WARRANTY This Garmin product is warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for two years from the date of purchase. Within this period, Garmin will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts and labor, provided that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES WARNING: Navigation and terrain separation must NOT be predicated upon the use of the terrain function. The G1000 Terrain Proximity feature is NOT intended to be used as a primary reference for terrain avoidance and does not relieve the pilot from the responsibility of being aware of surroundings during flight.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES WARNING: The United States government operates the Global Positioning System and is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The GPS system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Portions of the Garmin G1000 utilize GPS as a precision electronic NAVigation AID (NAVAID). Therefore, as with all NAVAIDs, information presented by the G1000 can be misused or misinterpreted and, therefore, become unsafe.
REVISION INFORMATION Record of Revisions Part Number 190-00749-00 iv Revision Date A January, 2008 B January, 2008 Page Range Description All Initial release Copyright Page Correct system software number Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-00 Rev.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Description ................................................. 1 Line Replaceable Units (LRU) ................................. 2 G1000 Controls........................................................ 7 PFD/MFD Controls ........................................................ 7 AFCS Controls .............................................................. 9 Audio Panel Controls ..............................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS Passenger Address (PA) System .................................. 127 Clearance Recorder and Player................................... 127 Entertainment Inputs ................................................ 128 4.6 Audio Panel Preflight Procedure ....................... 129 4.7 Abnormal Operation ........................................... 130 Stuck Microphone..................................................... 130 COM Tuning Failure...................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS Operation ................................................................ 340 Displaying Traffic Data .............................................. 340 Altitude Display ........................................................ 343 Traffic Map Page Display Range ................................. 343 TAS Alerts ................................................................ 345 System Status...........................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS Frequently Asked Questions ........................................ 485 Display Symbols ............................................................ 491 INDEX Index ................................................................................I-1 viii Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-00 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1.1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION This section provides an overview of the G1000 Integrated Flight Deck as installed in the Cessna Caravan. The G1000 system is an integrated flight control system that presents flight instrumentation, position, navigation, communication, and identification information to the pilot through large-format displays.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.2 LINE REPLACEABLE UNITS (LRU) FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • GDU 1040A (3) – Each of the PFDs and the MFD feature a 10.4-inch LCD with 1024 x 768 resolution. The unit installed on the left/pilot side is designated as PFD1. The unit installed on the right/co-pilot side is designated as PFD2. The unit installed in the center of the panel is designated as the MFD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GEA 71 (1) – Receives and processes signals from the engine and airframe sensors. This unit communicates with both GIA 63Ws using an RS-485 digital interface. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS • GRS 77 (2) – Provides aircraft attitude and heading information via ARINC 429 to both the on-side GDU 1040A and the on-side GIA 63W (the pilot-side GRS 77 also interfaces with the MFD).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • GTX 33 (1 or 2) – Solid-state transponders that provide Modes A, C and S capability. Both transponders can be controlled from either PFD, and only one transponder can be active at a time. Each transponder communicates with the on-side GIA 63W through an RS-232 digital interface.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GTP 59 (2) – Provides Outside Air Temperature (OAT) data to the on-side GDC 74A. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • GSA 80 (2), GSA 81 (2), GSM 85 (1) and GSM 85A (3) – The GSA 80 servos are used for the automatic control of roll and yaw, while the GSA 81 servos are used for the automatic control of pitch and pitch trim. These units interface with each GIA 63W via an RS-485 interface.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW EIS GMC 710 GWX 68 GDL 69A (OPTIONAL) (OPTIONAL) GDU 1040A GDU 1040A (PFD #1) ( PFD # 2 ) GDU 1040A AUDIO PANEL & CNS (MFD) FLIGHT MANAGEMENT GMA 1347D #1 GMU 44 #1 GMU 44 #2 GRS 77 #1 HAZARD AVOIDANCE GRS 77 #2 AFCS GIA 63W #1 GIA 63W #2 VHF COM VHF NAV/LOC GPS/WAAS G/S GDC 74A #1 AFCS Mode Logic Flight Director Servo Management GTP 59 #1 GDC 74A #2 VHF COM VHF NAV/LOC GPS/WAAS G/S GTP 59 #2 AFCS Mode Logic Flight Director
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.3 G1000 CONTROLS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The Audio Panel (GMA 1347) and AFCS controls (GMC 710) are described in the CNS & Audio Panel and AFCS sections respectively. The G1000 system controls are located on the PFD and MFD bezels, AFCS Control Unit and audio panel. The controls for the PFD and MFD are discussed within the following pages of this section.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1 NAV VOL/ID Knob – Controls NAV audio volume level. Press to toggle the Morse code identifier audio ON and OFF. Volume level is shown in the NAV frequency field as a percentage. 2 NAV Frequency Transfer Key – Toggles the standby and active NAV frequencies. 3 Dual NAV Knob – Tunes the standby frequencies for the NAV receiver (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz). Press to switch the tuning box (cyan box) between NAV1 and NAV2.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW AFCS CONTROLS NOTE: With the exception of the FD and SPD Keys, if a key is selected, its respective annunciator is 2 3 4 19 18 17 16 5 6 7 13 12 8 EIS 1 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS illuminated. 14 11 10 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 15 9 Figure 1-3 AFCS Control Unit (GMC 710) NAV Key – Selects/deselects Navigation Mode. 4 FD Key – Activates/deactivates the flight director in the default pitch and roll modes. If the autopilot is engaged, the FD Key is disabled.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW VNV Key – Selects/deselects Vertical Navigation mode. 13 ALT SEL Knob – Sets the selected altitude in the Selected Altitude Box. In addition to providing the standard G1000 altitude alerter function, selected altitude provides an altitude setting for the Altitude Capture/Hold mode of the AFCS. 14 YD Key – Engages/disengages the yaw damper. 15 AP Key – Engages/disengages the autopilot. 16 BANK Key – Selects/deselects Low Bank Mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL CONTROLS 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 3 EIS 2 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1 17 20 21 22 23 HAZARD AVOIDANCE 19 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 18 24 Figure 1-4 Audio Panel Controls (GMA 1347) AFCS NOTE: When a key is selected, a triangular annunciator above the key is illuminated. COM1 – When selected, audio from the #1 COM receiver can be heard. 3 COM2 MIC – Selects the #2 transmitter for transmitting.
COM3 – Not used on Cessna Caravan aircraft. 7 COM 1/2 – Split COM is disabled on Cessna Caravan aircraft. 8 TEL – Pressing this key selects and de-selects the airborne telephone. 9 PA – Selects the passenger address system. The selected Com transmitter is deselected when the PA Key is pressed. 10 SPKR – Pressing this key selects and deselects the corresponding cockpit speaker. COM and NAV receiver audio will be heard on the speaker.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.4 SECURE DIGITAL CARDS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Ensure the G1000 System is powered off before inserting an SD card. NOTE: Refer to Appendix B for instructions on updating databases. EIS The PFD and MFD data card slots use Secure Digital (SD) cards and are located on the upper right side of the display bezels. Each display bezel is equipped with two SD card slots. SD cards are used for aviation database and system software updates as well as terrain database storage.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.5 SYSTEM POWER-UP FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Refer to the Appendices for AHRS initialization bank angle limitations. NOTE: See the Appendices for additional information regarding system-specific annunciations and alerts. NOTE: See the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POHAFM) for specific procedures concerning avionics power EIS The G1000 system is integrated with the aircraft electrical system and receives power directly from electrical busses.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.6 SYSTEM OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The displays are connected together via a single Ethernet bus, thus allowing for high-speed communication. This section discusses the normal and reversionary modes of operation as well as the various AHRS modes of the G1000 system. In the event of display failure, the display modes are as follows: • PFD1 failure – MFD enters reversionary mode. • MFD failure – PFD1 and PFD 2 enter reversionary mode.
EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW Figure 1-10 Reversionary Mode AUDIO PANEL & CNS Pressing the D I S P L AY BACKUP button activates/ deactivates reversionary mode for both the on-side PFD and the MFD. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 1-11 DISPLAY BACKUP Button Each display can be configured to operate in reversionary mode, as follows: • PFD1 – By pressing the DISPLAY BACKUP button on the audio panel. • MFD – By pressing the DISPLAY BACKUP button on the audio panel.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW and depend upon the combination of available sensor inputs. Loss of air data, GPS, or magnetometer sensor inputs is communicated to the pilot by message advisory alerts.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW MAGNETOMETER FAILURE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If the magnetometer input fails, the AHRS transitions to one of the reversionary No-Magnetometer modes and continues to output valid attitude information. However, if the aircraft is airborne, the heading output on the PFD does become invalid (as indicated by a red “X”). G1000 SYSTEM ANNUNCIATIONS NOTE: For a detailed description of all annunciations and alerts, refer to Appendix A.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW SOFTKEY FUNCTION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The softkeys are located along the bottoms of the displays. The softkeys shown depend on the softkey level or page being displayed. The bezel keys below the softkeys can be used to select the appropriate softkey. When a softkey is selected, its color changes to black text on gray background and remains this way until it is turned off, at which time it reverts to white text on black background.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW Displays softkeys for selecting the #1 and #2 AHRS and Air Data Computers Selects the #1 Air Data Computer Selects the #2 Air Data Computer Selects the #1 AHRS Selects the #2 AHRS Displays second-level softkeys for additional PFD configurations Resets PFD to default settings, including changing units to standard SENSOR FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ADC1 ADC2 AHRS1 AHRS2 PFD DFLTS EIS WIND AUDIO PANEL & CNS OPTN 1 OPTN 2 OPTN 3 OFF FLIGHT MANAGEMENT BRG1 HSI FRMT 360 HSI Displ
SYSTEM OVERVIEW GND 0—7 BKSP FLIGHT MANAGEMENT TMR/REF NRST ALERTS AUDIO PANEL & CNS IDENT EIS VFR CODE Selects standby mode (transponder does not reply to any interrogations) Selects Mode A (transponder replies to interrogations) Selects Mode C – altitude reporting mode (transponder replies to identification and altitude interrogations) Manually selects Ground Mode, the transponder does not allow Mode A and Mode C replies, but it does permit acquisition squitter and replies to discretely addressed
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW ALERTS CAS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS CAS ↑ CAS ↓ AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Figure 1-16 Top Level PFD Softkeys FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ALERTS ALERTS STRMSCP HAZARD AVOIDANCE TRFC-1 Select the BACK or OFF Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. TRFC-2 AFCS Figure 1-17 INSET Softkeys ADDITIONAL FEATURES ALERTS APPENDICES ADC1 ADC2 AHRS1 AHRS2 BACK ALERTS Select the BACK Softkey to return to the top level softkeys.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW ALERTS ALERTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ALT UNIT Select the STD BARO or BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys EIS IN HPA AUDIO PANEL & CNS METERS ALERTS ALERTS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 1-19 PFD Configuration Softkeys HAZARD AVOIDANCE ALERTS AFCS ALERTS Select the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. ADDITIONAL FEATURES ALERTS APPENDICES Select the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW MFD SOFTKEYS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS CAS AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS ENGINE INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES MAP 24 Displayed only when a sufficient number of items are displayed in the Annunciation Window to warrant scrolling When available, scolls up through the caution alerts when CAS ↑ pressed When available, scolls down through the caution alerts when CAS ↓ pressed Displays EIS softkeys (refer to the EIS section) Accesses th
SYSTEM OVERVIEW BACK AUDIO PANEL & CNS CHKLIST EIS SHW CHRT Displays XM lightning information on Navigation Map (optional feature) Returns to top-level softkeys Selects desired amount of map detail; cycles through declutter levels: DCLTR (No Declutter): All map features visible DCLTR-1: Declutters land data DCLTR-2: Declutters land and SUA data DCLTR-3: Removes everything except for the active flight plan When available, displays optional airport and terminal procedure charts When available, displays o
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ENGINE DCLTR MAP SHW CHRT CHKLIST (optional) (optional) DCLTR-1 SYSTEM ENGINE TRND/ACK CAPTURE BACK DCLTR-2 DCLTR-3 Press the BACK Softkey to return to the previous softkey level. EIS (Default softkey is dependant on the selection made in the map setup options) TRAFFIC AUDIO PANEL & CNS Press the ENGINE Softkey to the default Engine Page level.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the sensor annunciation persists, check for a system failure message in the Messages Window on the PFD. If no failure message exists, check the GPS Status Page and compare the information for GPS1 and GPS2. Discrepancies may indicate a problem. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Viewing GPS receiver status information 1) Use the large FMS Knob to select the Auxiliary Page Group (see Section 1.7 for information on navigating MFD page groups).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW The GPS Status Page provides the following information: • Satellite constellation diagram FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Satellites currently in view are shown at their respective positions on a sky view diagram. The sky view is always in a north-up orientation, with the outer circle representing the horizon, the inner circle representing 45° above the horizon, and the center point showing the position directly overhead.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Because of the tighter protection limit on approaches, there may be times when RAIM is not available. The G1000 automatically monitors RAIM and warns with an alert message when it is not available. If RAIM is not predicted to be available for the final approach course, the approach does not become active, as indicated by the messages “Approach is not active” and “RAIM not available from FAF to MAP”.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 9) With the cursor highlighting ‘COMPUTE RAIM?’, press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW no options for the window/page selected. The main controls used in association with all window/page group operations are described in section 1.3. Softkey selection does not display menus or submenus. Navigating the Page Menu Window FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu Window. 2) Turn the FMS Knob to scroll through a list of available options (a scroll bar appears to the right of the window when the option list is longer than the window).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW Page Groups Pages in Current Group FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Page Figure 1-25 Page Group Icons EIS The MFD displays information in four main page groups; specific pages within each group can vary depending on the configuration of optional equipment. Selecting a page using the FMS Knob 1) Turn the large FMS Knob until the desired page group is selected. AUDIO PANEL & CNS 2) Turn the small FMS Knob until the desired page is selected.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW Map Pages (MAP) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Navigation Map Traffic Map Weather Radar EIS Weather Data Link (service optional) Terrain Proximity or TAWS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 1-26 Map Pages FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE Waypoint Pages (WPT) Airport Information pages - Airport Information (INFO Softkey) AFCS - Departure Information (DP Softkey) ADDITIONAL FEATURES - Arrival Information (STAR Softkey) - Approach Information (APR Softkey) APPENDICES - Weather Informat
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW Auxiliary Pages (AUX) Trip Planning FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Utility GPS Status System Setup XM Satellite pages EIS - XM Information (INFO Softkey) XM Satellite Pages AUDIO PANEL & CNS - XM Radio (RADIO Softkey) System Status HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 1-28 Auxiliary Pages Nearest Pages (NRST) Nearest Airports AFCS Nearest Intersections Nearest NDB ADDITIONAL FEATURES Nearest VOR Nearest User Waypoints Nearest Frequencies APPENDICES Nearest Airspac
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW In addition to the main page groups accessed exclusively using the FMS Knobs, there are pages for flight planning (FPL) and loading procedures (PROC) which are accessed by bezel key. In some instances, softkeys may be used to access the Procedure Pages. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Flight Plan Pages are accessed using the FPL Key on the MFD. Main pages within this group are selected by turning the small FMS Knob.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Procedure pages may be accessed at any time on the MFD by pressing the PROC Key. A menu is initialized, and when a departure, approach, or arrival is selected, the appropriate Procedure Loading Page is opened. Turning the FMS Knob does not scroll through the Procedure pages (note the single page icon in the lower right corner).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW MFD SYSTEM PAGES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In the Auxiliary (AUX) Page Group, there are two system pages: System Setup (page 4 of 6) and System Status (page 6 of 6). The System Setup Page allows management of various system parameters, while the System Status Page displays the status of all G1000 system LRUs.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW To set the system time format: 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the time format field in the Date/Time Box. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired system time format (local 12hr, local 24hr, UTC) and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW • Weight (pounds, kilograms) Affects aircraft weights on the Weight Planning Page. • Position (HDDD°MM.MM’, HDDD°MM’SS.S”, MGRS, UTM/UPS) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Affects all position displays. To change a Display Units setting: 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired field in the Display Units Box.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO ALERTS The Audio Alert Box on the System Setup Page allows the audio alert voice to be set to male or female. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS To change the audio alert voice: 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the voice in the Audio Alert Box. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to display and highlight the desired voice and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW The GPS CDI Box on the System Setup Page displays the following: • Selected CDI range (auto, 2 nm, 1 nm, 0.3 nm) • Current system CDI range (2 nm, 1 nm, 0.3 nm) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • ILS CDI capture mode setting (auto, manual) To change the CDI range: 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the selected field in the GPS CDI Box.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW To select nearest airport minimum runway length matching criteria: 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the minimum length field in the Nearest Airport Box. 3) Turn the FMS Knobs to enter the minimum runway length (zero to 99,999 feet) and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW UTILITY PAGE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS For flight planning purposes, timers, trip statistics, and a scheduler feature are provided on the AUX - Utility Page. The timers available include a stopwatch-like generic timer, a total time in flight timer, and a record of the time of departure. Trip statistics—odometer, trip odometer, and average trip and maximum groundspeeds—are displayed from the time of the last reset.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘START?’ and press the ENT Key to start the timer. The field changes to ‘STOP?’. 6) To stop the timer, press the ENT Key with ‘STOP?’ highlighted. The field changes to ‘RESET?’. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 7) To reset the timer, press the ENT Key with ‘RESET?’ highlighted. The field changes back to ‘START?’ and the digits are reset.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW Resetting trip statistics readouts 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - Utility Page. 2) Press the MENU Key.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM OVERVIEW EIS Figure 1-35 Manual Display Backlighting Adjustment 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the selection box. Turn the FMS Knob to select ‘MANUAL’, then press the ENT Key. The intensity value becomes highlighted. AUDIO PANEL & CNS 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired backlighting, then press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘AUTO’ to the right of ‘MFD DSPL’ or ‘PFD2 DSPL’, respectively, and repeat steps 2 and 3.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 2 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: In the event that the airspeed, attitude, altitude, or heading indications become unusable, refer to the backup instruments. NOTE: The Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) provides additional readouts and bugs on selected flight instruments. Refer to the AFCS Section for details on these bugs and readouts, as they appear on the display during certain AFCS flight director modes.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 23 22 21 20 19 1 18 17 2 EIS 16 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 15 3 14 4 13 5 12 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 6 11 7 10 APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE 8 9 1 NAV Frequency Box 13 Turn Rate Indicator 2 Airspeed Indicator 14 Barometric Altimeter Setting 3 True Airspeed 15 Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) 4 Current Heading 16 Selected Altitude Bug 5 Current Track Indicator 17 Altimeter 6 Course Deviation Indicator
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW 15 14 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 13 1 12 EIS 2 11 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 3 10 4 9 5 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 8 7 6 HAZARD AVOIDANCE Alerts Window 9 2 Radar Altimeter Height 10 Annunciation Window 3 Selected Heading 11 Selected Course 4 Wind Data 12 Glideslope Indicator 5 Inset Map 13 Comparator Window 6 DME Information Window 14 Marker Beacon Annunciation 7 Bearing Information Windows 15 AFCS Status Annunciation 8 Minimum Descent Altitude/ Decision Heig
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.1 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AIRSPEED INDICATOR NOTE: Refer to the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) for speed criteria and Vspeed values. AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS The Airspeed Indicator displays airspeed on a rolling number gauge using a moving tape. The true airspeed is displayed in knots below the Airspeed Indicator.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Vspeeds (Vr, Vx, Vy, and VGlide) can be changed and their flags turned on/off from the Timer/References Window. When active (on), the Vspeeds are displayed at their respective locations to the right of the airspeed scale. By default, all Vspeed values are reset and all Vspeed flags turned off when power is cycled. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Changing Vspeeds and turning flags on/off: 1) Press the TMR/REF Softkey. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired Vspeed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ATTITUDE INDICATOR FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Attitude information is displayed over a virtual blue sky and brown ground with a white horizon line. The Attitude Indicator displays the pitch (indicated by the yellow symbolic aircraft on the pitch scale), roll, and slip/skid information.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW ALTIMETER FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Altimeter displays 600 feet of barometric altitude values at a time on a rolling number gauge using a moving tape. Numeric labels and major tick marks are shown at intervals of 100 feet. Minor tick marks are at intervals of 20 feet. The current altitude is displayed in the black pointer. The Selected Altitude is displayed above the Altimeter in the box indicated by a selection bug symbol.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected and current altitudes can also be displayed in meters (readouts displayed above the normal readouts in feet; Figure 2-10). Note that the altitude tape does not change scale. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Displaying altitude in meters: 1) Press the PFD Softkey to display the second-level softkeys. 2) Press the ALT UNIT Softkey. 3) Press the METERS Softkey to turn on metric altitude readouts (see Figure 2-10).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the barometric altimeter settings differ between PFDs by more than 0.02 in Hg, the readouts turn yellow. Once the settings are synchronized (BARO turned on), they remain synchronized for the entire flight. Synchronizing the altimeter barometric pressure settings: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘Baro’ in the Synchronization box.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A Baro Transition Alert is provided to alert the pilot to change the barometric pressure setting when crossing the transition altitude (in either direction). This is displayed by the barometric pressure setting flashing light blue when crossing the transition altitude. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Setting the Baro Transition Alert: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR (VSI) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI; Figure 2-13) displays the aircraft vertical speed with numeric labels and tick marks at 1000 and 2000 fpm in each direction on the non-moving tape. Minor tick marks are at intervals of 500 fpm. The current vertical speed is displayed in the pointer, which also points to that speed on the nonmoving tape. Digits appear in the pointer when the climb or descent rate is greater than 100 fpm.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HORIZONTAL SITUATION INDICATOR (HSI) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) displays a rotating compass card in a heading-up orientation. Letters indicate the cardinal points and numeric labels occur every 30˚. Major tick marks are at 10˚ intervals and minor tick marks at 5˚ intervals. A digital reading of the current heading appears on top of the HSI, and the current track is represented on the HSI by a magenta diamond.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Course Pointer FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Arc HSI is a 140˚ expanded section of the compass rose. The Arc HSI contains a Course Pointer, To/From Indicator, a sliding deviation indicator (the To/From and deviation indicators are combined), and a deviation scale. Upon station passage, the To/From Indicator flips and points to the tail of the aircraft, just like a conventional To/From flag.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Navigation angles (track, heading, course, bearing) are corrected to the computed magnetic variation (‘Mag Var’) or referenced to true north (denoted ‘T’), set on the AUX - System Setup Page. When an approach referenced to true north has been loaded into the flight plan, the system generates a message to change the navigation angle setting to ‘True’ at the appropriate time.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW TURN RATE INDICATOR Half-standard Turn Rate FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Turn Rate Indicator is located directly above the rotating compass rose. Tick marks to the left and right of the lubber line denote half-standard and standard turn rates. A magenta Turn Rate Trend Vector shows the current turn rate. The end of the trend vector gives the heading predicted in 6 seconds, based on the present turn rate.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When a bearing pointer is displayed, its associated information window is also displayed.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW COURSE DEVIATION INDICATOR (CDI) NOTE: If a heading change greater than 105˚ with respect to the course is made, the CDI on the Arc HSI FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS switches to the opposite side of the deviation scale and displays reverse sensing. The Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) moves left or right from the course pointer along a lateral deviation scale to display aircraft position relative to the course. If the course deviation data is not valid, the CDI is not displayed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Changing navigation sources: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the CDI Softkey again to change from VOR1 or LOC1 to VOR2 or LOC2. This places the light blue tuning box over the NAV2 standby frequency. 1) Press the CDI Softkey to change from GPS to VOR1 or LOC1. This places the light blue tuning box over the NAV1 standby frequency in the upper left corner of the PFD. 3) Press the CDI Softkey a third time to return to GPS.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the same VOR/LOC navigation source is selected on both PFDs, the navigation source annunciation turns yellow on both displays (unless synchronized). Once the CDIs are synchronized (CDI turned on), they remain synchronized for the entire flight. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Synchronizing the CDIs: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘CDI’ in the Synchronization box.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS GPS CDI SCALING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When GPS is the selected navigation source, the flight plan legs are sequenced automatically and annunciations appear on the HSI for the flight phase. Flight phase annunciations are normally shown in magenta, but when cautionary conditions exist the color changes to yellow. If the current leg in the flight plan is a heading leg, ‘HDG LEG’ is annunciated in magenta beneath the aircraft symbol.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Enroute (Oceanic if >200 nm from nearest airport) Terminal Approach 0.3 nm 1.0 nm 1.0 nm 2.0 nm 0.3 nm 1.0 nm Terminal Missed Approach EIS Departure Refer to accompanying approach CDI scaling figures FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS CDI Full-scale Deflection When set to ‘Auto’ (default), the GPS CDI scale automatically adjusts to the desired limits based upon the current phase of flight (Figure 2-28, Table 2-1).
2 nm FAF CDI scale varies if VTF is activated 0.3 nm 1.0 nm 2 nm FAF EIS angle based on database information course width angle set by system CDI Full-scale Deflection 0.3 nm 1.0 nm CDI scale is set to the smaller of 0.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW OBS MODE NOTE: VNV is inhibited while automatic waypoint sequencing has been suspended. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Enabling Omni-bearing Selector (OBS) Mode suspends the automatic sequencing of waypoints in a GPS flight plan (GPS must be the selected navigation source), but retains the current “active-to” waypoint as the navigation reference even after passing the waypoint. ‘OBS’ is annunciated to the lower right of the aircraft symbol when OBS Mode is selected.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS As the aircraft crosses the missed approach point (MAP), automatic approach waypoint sequencing is suspended. ‘SUSP’ appears on the HSI (to the lower right of the aircraft symbol) in place of ‘OBS’ and the OBS Softkey label changes to SUSP. Pressing the SUSP Softkey resumes automatic sequencing of approach waypoints.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW 2.2 SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA NOTE: Pressing the DFLTS Softkey (a second-level PFD softkey) turns off metric Altimeter display, the Inset FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Map, and wind data display. In addition to the flight instruments, the PFD also displays various supplemental information, including temperatures, wind data, and Vertical Navigation (VNV) indications.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WIND DATA Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 No Data FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Wind direction and speed (relative to the aircraft) in knots can be displayed in a window to the upper left of the HSI. When the window is selected for display, but wind information is invalid or unavailable, the window shows “NO WIND DATA”.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW VERTICAL NAVIGATION (VNV) INDICATIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When a VNV flight plan has been activated, VNV indications (VNV Target Altitude, RVSI, VDI) appear on the PFD in conjunction with the “TOD within 1 minute” message and “Vertical track” voice alert. See the Flight Management and AFCS sections for details on VNV features. VNV indications are removed from the PFD according to the criteria listed in Table 2-2.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.3 PFD ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTING FUNCTIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The following annunciations and alerting functions are displayed on the PFD. Refer to Appendix A for more information on alerts and annunciations. SYSTEM ALERTING EIS Messages appear in the Alerts Window (in the lower right corner of the PFD; Figure 2-36) when a warning, caution, advisory alert, or G1000 message advisory occurs.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Warnings are time-critical and require immediate attention. A flashing WARNING Softkey annunciation and aural tone (single chime every two seconds) indicate the presence of a warning. The aural tone and flashing WARNING Softkey annunciation continue until acknowledged (by pressing the WARNING Softkey). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Caution indicates the existence of abnormal conditions on the aircraft that may require pilot intervention.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS MARKER BEACON ANNUNCIATIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Marker Beacon Annunciations are displayed on the PFD to the left of the Selected Altitude. Outer marker reception is indicated in blue, middle in yellow, and inner in white. Refer to the Audio Panel and CNS Section for more information on Marker Beacon Annunciations.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW TAWS ANNUNCIATIONS (OPTIONAL) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS) annunciations appear on the PFD to the upper left of the Altimeter. Refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section and Appendix A for information on TAWS alerts and annunciations.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ALTITUDE ALERTING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Altitude Alerting function provides visual and audio alerts when approaching the Selected Altitude. Whenever the Selected Altitude is changed, Altitude Alerting is reset. Altitude Alerting is based on the altitude information shown on the PFD selected with the XFR Key on the AFCS Control Unit. Altitude Alerting is independent of the AFCS.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW MINIMUM DESCENT ALTITUDE/DECISION HEIGHT ALERTING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS For altitude awareness, a Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA) or Decision Height (DH), based on barometric altitude or radar altitude (optional), can be set. When active, the altitude setting is displayed to the lower left of the Altimeter and with a bug at the corresponding altitude along the Altimeter (once the altitude is within the visible range of the tape).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS RADAR ALTIMETER AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When the radar height (the aircraft altitude above ground level detected by the radar altimeter) is between -40 and 2500 feet, the current value is displayed in green above the current aircraft heading (Figure 2-50). Display of radar height becomes less sensitive as the height above ground decreases (Table 2-3).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW 2.4 ABNORMAL OPERATIONS ABNORMAL GPS CONDITIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The annunciations listed in Table 2-4 can appear on the HSI when abnormal GPS conditions occur; see Figure 2-55 for examples. Refer to the Flight Management Section for more information on Dead Reckoning Mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS UNUSUAL ATTITUDES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When the aircraft enters an unusual pitch attitude, red extreme pitch warning chevrons pointing toward the horizon are displayed on the Attitude Indicator, starting at 50˚ above and 30˚ below the horizon line.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 3 ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM (EIS) NOTE: Refer to the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) for limitations. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 Engine Indication System (EIS) displays critical engine, fuel, and electrical on the left side of the Multi Function Display (MFD) during normal operations (Figure 3-1).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM EIS information is presented on two displays, accessed using the ENGINE Softkey on the MFD: • Engine Display – Default display; shows all critical engine, fuel, electrical, and ice protection (optional) indicators FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • System Display – Shows numeric readouts of fuel indicators and calculations, electrical, as well as ice protection (optional) AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS ENGINE ENGINE SYSTEM TRND/ACK CAPTURE ENGINE SYSTEM TRND/ACK CAPTURE BACK
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM Accesses the Engine EIS Display and EIS softkeys • SYSTEM Accesses the System EIS Display FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS TRND/ACK SYSTEM OVERVIEW • ENGINE Monitors EIS trends for 5 seconds and saves the average and maximum values (if no ADASdgenerated alerts exist) Acknowledges ADASd-generated alerts, if any exist LB REM Accesses softkeys for manually adjusting the fuel totalizer amount of fuel remaining -10 LB Decreases the displayed fuel remaining in 10-lb increments -1 LB Decreas
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM 3.1 ENGINE DISPLAY FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Engine Display is shown by default. If the EIS System Display is currently shown, the Engine Display may be selected by pressing the ENGINE or BACK Softkey. Critical changes in certain systems may also automatically revert the EIS to the ENGINE Display. At the top of both EIS displays, the Torque, Interstage Turbine Temperature (ITT), Gas Generator Speed, and Propeller Speed indicators are present.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1 Displays engine torque in foot-pounds (ft-lb) Torque Gauge (TRQ FT-LB) Warning indication is propeller speed sensitive and changes for speeds between 1800 and 1900 rpm.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM 3.2 SYSTEM DISPLAY FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The System Display is accessed by pressing the SYSTEM Softkey. Besides the gauges, all indications on this display are digital readouts, separated into these categories: Fuel (quantities and flow), Fuel Totalizer (fuel remaining and used calculations), and Electrical.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1 EIS 2 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 3 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4 5 HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6 7 8 AFCS 9 ADDITIONAL FEATURES 10 11 12 APPENDICES Figure 3-8 System Display INDEX 190-00749-00 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM Displays engine torque in foot-pounds (ft-lb) Torque Gauge (TRQ FT-LB) Warning indication is propeller speed sensitive and changes for speeds between 1800 and 1900 rpm.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW FUEL CALCULATIONS NOTE: Fuel calculations do not use the aircraft fuel quantity indicators and are calculated from the last time FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS the fuel was reset. The fuel used is calculated based on the fuel flow totalizer and the displayed fuel remaining (LB REM). Fuel remaining can be adjusted using the appropriate softkeys up to the maximum amount allowed for the aircraft (2224 lb).
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM BLANK PAGE 92 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-00 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 4 AUDIO PANEL AND CNS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 4.1 OVERVIEW The Communication/Navigation/Surveillance (CNS) system includes the Audio Panel, communication radios, navigation radios, and Mode S transponder. The System Overview Section provides a block diagram description of the Audio Panel and CNS system interconnection.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS MFD/PFD CONTROLS AND FREQUENCY DISPLAY 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1 9 10 HAZARD AVOIDANCE 11 12 INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS Figure 4-1 MFD/PFD Controls, NAV/COM Frequency Tuning Boxes, and DME Tuning Window (PFD Shown) 94 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-00 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS NAV Frequency Box – Displays NAV standby and active frequency fields, volume, and station ID. The frequency of the NAV radio selected for navigation is displayed in green. 5 COM Frequency Box – Displays COM standby and active frequency fields and volume. The selected COM transceiver frequency is displayed in green. 6 COM Knob – Tunes the standby frequencies for the COM transceiver (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 AUDIO PANEL & CNS 2 13 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 1 18 19 20 21 HAZARD AVOIDANCE EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AUDIO PANEL CONTROLS 22 23 17 24 AFCS Figure 4-2 Audio Panel Controls INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: When a key is selected, a triangular annunciator above the key is illuminated. 96 1 COM1 MIC – Selects the #1 transmitter for transmitting.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SPKR – Selects and deselects the cabin speaker. COM and NAV receiver audio can be heard on the speaker. 11 MKR/MUTE – Selects marker beacon receiver audio. Mutes the currently received marker beacon receiver audio. Unmutes automatically when new marker beacon audio is received. Also, stops play of recorded COM audio. 12 HI SENS – Press to increase marker beacon receiver sensitivity. Press again to return to low sensitivity. 13 DME – Turns DME audio on or off.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.2 COM OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS COM TRANSCEIVER SELECTION AND ACTIVATION NOTE: During PA Mode, the COM MIC Annunciator is extinguished and the COM active frequency color changes to white, indicating that neither COM transmitter is active. NOTE: When turning on the G1000 for use, the system remembers the last frequencies used and the active EIS COM transceiver state prior to shutdown.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW TRANSMIT/RECEIVE INDICATIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS During COM transmission, a white TX appears by the active COM frequency replacing the Frequency Transfer Arrow. On the Audio Panel, when the active COM is transmitting, the active transceiver COM MIC Key Annunciator flashes approximately once per second. During COM signal reception, a white RX appears by the active COM frequency replacing the Frequency Transfer Arrow.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SELECTING THE RADIO TO BE TUNED FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Press the small COM Knob to transfer the frequency tuning box and Frequency Transfer Arrow between the upper and lower radio frequency fields. The small COM Knob on the MFD is linked to the pilot side PFD (PFD1) only. The small COM Knob on the copilot side PFD (PFD2) operates independently.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTO-TUNING THE COM FREQUENCY COM frequencies can be automatically tuned from the following: • Nearest Airports Window (PFD) • NRST – Nearest Frequencies Page (ARTCC, FSS, WX) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • WPT – Airport Information Page • NRST – Nearest Airspaces Page • NRST – Nearest Airports Page AUTO-TUNING FROM THE PFD EIS COM frequencies for the nearest airports can be automatically tuned from the Nearest Airports Window on the PFD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING FROM THE MFD FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Frequencies can be automatically loaded into the COM Frequency Box from pages in the NRST or WPT page group by highlighting the frequency and pressing the ENT Key (Figures 4-9, 4-10, and 4-11). Auto-tuning a COM frequency from the WPT and NRST Pages: 1) From any page that the COM frequency can be auto-tuned, activate the cursor by pressing the FMS Knob or the appropriate softkey.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW On the WPT - Airport Information Page, the cursor can be placed on the frequency field by pressing the FMS Knob and scrolling through the list. The frequency is transferred to the COM Standby Field with the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS COM frequencies can also be auto-tuned from the NRST – Nearest Airspaces, NRST – Nearest Frequencies, and NRST – Nearest Airports Pages on the MFD in a similar manner using the appropriate softkeys or MENU Key, the FMS Knob, and the ENT Key.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW FREQUENCY SPACING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 COM radios can tune either 25-kHz spacing (118.000 to 136.975 MHz) or 8.33-kHz spacing (118.000 to 136.990 MHz) for 760-channel or 3040-channel configuration. When 8.33-kHz channel spacing is selected, all of the 25-kHz channel spacing frequencies are also available in the complete 3040-channel list. COM channel spacing is set on the System Setup Page of the AUX Page Group. 25-kHz Channel Spacing EIS 8.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTOMATIC SQUELCH FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Automatic Squelch quiets unwanted static noise when no audio signal is received, while still providing good sensitivity to weak COM signals. To disable Automatic Squelch, press the VOL/SQ Knob. When Automatic Squelch is disabled, COM audio reception is always on. Continuous static noise is heard over the headsets and speaker, if selected. Pressing the VOL/SQ Knob again enables Automatic Squelch.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW 4.3 NAV OPERATION NAV RADIO SELECTION AND ACTIVATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The NAV Frequency Box is composed of four fields; two standby fields and two active fields. The active frequencies are on the right side and the standby frequencies are on the left. EIS A NAV radio is selected for navigation by pressing the CDI Softkey located on the PFD. The active NAV frequency selected for navigation is displayed in green.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NAV radios are selected for listening by pressing the corresponding keys on the Audio Panel. Pressing the NAV1, NAV2, ADF, or DME Key selects and deselects the navigation radio source. Selected audio can be heard over the headset and the speaker (if selected). All radios can be selected individually or simultaneously.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW SELECTING THE RADIO TO BE TUNED FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Press the small NAV Knob to transfer the frequency tuning box and Frequency Transfer Arrow between the upper and lower radio frequency fields. The small NAV Knob on the MFD is linked to the pilot side PFD (PFD1) only. The small NAV Knob on the copilot side PFD (PFD2) operates independently.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTO-TUNING A NAV FREQUENCY FROM THE MFD FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AUDIO PANEL AND CNS • WPT – VOR Information • NRST – Nearest Frequencies (FSS, WX) • NRST – Nearest Airports • NRST – Nearest Airspaces NAV frequencies can be selected and loaded from the following MFD pages: • NRST – Nearest VOR • WPT – Airport Information EIS The MFD provides auto-tuning of NAV frequencies from waypoint and nearest pages.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW Or: 1) When on the NRST pages, press the MENU Key to display the page menu. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the menu options. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Press the ENT Key to place the cursor in the desired window. 4) Scroll through the frequency selections with the FMS Knob or the ENT Key. 5) Press the ENT Key to load the NAV frequency into the standby field of the selected NAV radio.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In the example shown, the VOR list is selected with the VOR Softkey or from the page menu. The FMS Knob or ENT Key is used to scroll through the list. The cursor is placed on the frequency with the FREQ Softkey and loaded into the NAV Tuning Box with the ENT Key. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Press the ENT Key to Load the Frequency into the NAV Standby Field.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW While enroute, NAV frequencies can also be auto-tuned from the NRST – Nearest Airports, WPT – Airport Information, WPT – VOR Information, and NRST – Nearest Frequencies Pages on the MFD in a similar manner using the appropriate softkeys or MENU Key, the FMS Knob, and the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING NAV FREQUENCIES ON APPROACH ACTIVATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The primary NAV frequency is auto-tuned upon loading a VOR or ILS/Localizer approach. NOTE: When an ILS/LOC approach has been activated while navigating by GPS, the system automatically switches to LOC as the final approach course is intercepted (within 15 nm of the FAF). See the Flight Management Section for details.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW MARKER BEACON RECEIVER NOTE: The marker beacon indicators operate independently of marker beacon audio and cannot be turned FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS off. The marker beacon receiver is used as part of the ILS. The marker beacon receiver is always on and detects any marker beacon signals within the reception range of the aircraft.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS DME TUNING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: When another auxiliary window is turned on, the DME Tuning Window is replaced on the PFD. NOTE: When turning on the G1000 for use, the system remembers the last frequency used for DME tuning and the NAV1, NAV2, or HOLD state prior to shutdown. The G1000 System tunes the DME transceiver. The UHF DME frequency is tuned by pairing with a VHF NAV frequency. DME frequency pairing is automatic and only the VHF NAV frequency is shown.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW 4.4 GTX 33 MODE S TRANSPONDER FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The GTX 33 Mode S Transponder provides Mode A, Mode C, and Mode S interrogation and reply capabilities.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS XPDR1 XPDR2 STBY ON ALT GND VFR XPDR IDENT CODE IDENT BACK ALERTS Pressing the BACK Softkey returns to the top-level softkeys. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 IDENT BKSP BACK ALERTS EIS 0 AUDIO PANEL & CNS Pressing the BACK Softkey returns to the mode selection softkeys.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW TRANSPONDER MODE SELECTION Mode selection can be automatic (Ground and Altitude Modes) or manual (Standby, ON, and Altitude Modes). The STBY, ON, and ALT Softkeys can be accessed by pressing the XPDR Softkey. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting a transponder mode: 1) Press the XPDR Softkey to display the Transponder Mode Selection Softkeys. 2) Press the desired softkey to activate the transponder mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS MANUAL ON MODE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ON Mode can be selected at any time by pressing the ON Softkey. ON Mode generates Mode A and Mode S replies, but Mode C altitude reporting is inhibited. In ON Mode, a green ON indication and transponder code appear in the mode field of the Transponder Data Box.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW ENTERING A TRANSPONDER CODE Entering a transponder code with softkeys: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Press the XPDR Softkey to display the Transponder Mode Selection Softkeys. 2) Press the CODE Softkey to display the Transponder Code Selection Softkeys, for digit entry. 3) Press the digit softkeys to enter the code in the code field.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS VFR CODE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The VFR code can be entered either manually or by pressing the XPDR Softkey, then the VFR Softkey. When the VFR Softkey is pressed, the pre-programmed VFR code is automatically displayed in the code field of the Transponder Data Box. Pressing the VFR Softkey again restores the previous identification code. The pre-programmed VFR Code is set at the factory to 1200.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT ID REPORTING NOTE: If the Flight ID is required but the system is not configured for it, contact a Garmin-authorized service FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS center for configuration. When the Flight ID must be entered before flight operation, the identifier is placed in the Timer/References Window on the PFD. The Flight ID is not to exceed seven characters. No space is needed when entering Flight ID.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.5 ADDITIONAL AUDIO PANEL FUNCTIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS POWER-UP The Audio Panel performs a self-test during power-up. During the self-test all Audio Panel annunciator lights illuminate for approximately two seconds. Once the self-test is completed, most of the settings are restored to those in use before the unit was last turned off. MONO/STEREO HEADSETS EIS Stereo headsets are recommended for use in this aircraft.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW INTERCOM FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Audio Panel includes a six-position intercom system (ICS) and a stereo music input for the pilot, copilot and up to four passengers. The intercom provides Pilot and Copilot isolation from the passengers and aircraft radios.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS INTERCOM VOLUME AND SQUELCH FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The PILOT/PASS Knob controls volume or manual squelch adjustment for the pilot and copilot/passenger. The small knob controls the pilot volume and squelch. The large knob controls the copilot/passenger volume and squelch. The VOL and SQ annunciations at the bottom of the unit indicate which function the knob is controlling.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW PASSENGER ADDRESS (PA) SYSTEM FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A passenger address system is available for delivering voice messages over the cabin speaker. When the PA Key is selected on the Audio Panel, the COM MIC Annunciator is extinguished, and the active COM frequency changes to white, indicating that there is no COM selected. A Push-to-Talk (PTT) must be pressed to deliver PA announcements. The PA Annunciator flashes about once per second while the PTT is depressed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ENTERTAINMENT INPUTS NOTE: Music audio cannot be completely turned off. Audio level for the crew and passengers can be FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS adjusted by a Garmin-authorized service center. NOTE: The stereo entertainment input is not controlled by the AUX Key on the Audio Panel. The AUX Key is reserved for an auxiliary radio input. EIS The Audio Panel provides a stereo entertainment input from the data link receiver or an Aux Audio In jack for the crew and passengers.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW 4.6 AUDIO PANEL PREFLIGHT PROCEDURE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: If the pilot and/or copilot are using headsets that have a high/low switch or volume control knob, verify that the switch is in the high position and the volume control on the headsets are at maximum volume setting. On single-pilot flights, verify that all other headsets are not connected to avoid excess noise in the audio system.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.7 ABNORMAL OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Abnormal operation of the G1000 includes equipment failures of the G1000 components and failure of associated equipment, including switches and external devices. STUCK MICROPHONE If the push-to-talk (PTT) Key becomes stuck, the COM transmitter stops transmitting after 35 seconds of continuous operation. An alert appears on the PFD to advise the pilot of a stuck microphone.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SYSTEM OVERVIEW PFD FAILURE, DUAL SYSTEM FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If PFD1 fails, COM1 and NAV1 display a red X on both remaining displays. NAV1 is unavailable. COM1 automatically tunes 121.500 MHz, but the frequency is not shown. The COM1 emergency frequency is available to both the copilot and pilot.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUDIO PANEL FAIL-SAFE OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If there is a failure of the Audio Panel, a fail-safe circuit connects the pilot’s headset and microphone directly to the COM1 transceiver. Audio is not available on the speaker during Fail-safe operation. REVERSIONARY MODE AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS The red DISPLAY BACKUP Button selects the Reversionary Mode. See the System Overview Section for more information on Reversionary Mode.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 5 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 5.1 INTRODUCTION The G1000 is an integrated flight, engine, communication, navigation and surveillance system. This section of the Pilot’s Guide explains flight management using the G1000. EIS The most prominent part of the G1000 are the three full color displays: two Primary Flight Displays (PFDs) and one Multi Function Display (MFD).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Navigation Status Box Navigation Mode Inset Map AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Location of: - Direct To Window - Flight Plan Window - Procedures Window - Nearest Airports Window Figure 5-1 GPS Navigation Information on the PFD FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Navigation Status Box Map Orientation Navigation Page Title Navigation Map HAZARD AVOIDANCE - Aviation Data - Geographic Data - Topographic Data - Hazard Data Aircraft Icon at Present Position Active Flight P
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW NAVIGATION STATUS BOX The Navigation Status Box located at the top of the PFD contains two fields displaying the following information: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS PFD Navigation Status Box The Navigation Status Box located at the top of the MFD contains four data fields, each displaying one of the following items: • Distance (DIS) and Bearing (BRG) to the next waypoint or flight plan annunciations (e.g.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to display and scroll through the data options list. 5) Select the desired data. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 6) Press the ENT Key. Pressing the DFLTS Softkey returns any field to its default setting. 5.2 USING MAP DISPLAYS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Map displays are used extensively in the G1000 to provide situational awareness in flight.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW • North up (NORTH UP) aligns the top of the map display to north (default setting). • Track up (TRK UP) aligns the top of the map display to the current ground track. • Desired track up (DTK UP) aligns the top of the map display to the desired course. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Heading up (HDG UP) aligns the top of the map display to the current aircraft heading.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Map Group Selection AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Orientation Field Figure 5-5 Map Setup Menu Window - Map Group FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired orientation. 5) Press the ENT Key to select the new orientation. 6) Press the FMS Knob to return to the base page. HAZARD AVOIDANCE MAP RANGE AFCS There are 28 different map ranges available, from 500 feet to 2000 nm.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTO ZOOM FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Auto zoom allows the G1000 to change the map display range to the smallest range clearly showing the active waypoint. Auto zoom can be overridden by adjusting the range with the Joystick, and remains until the active waypoint changes, a terrain or traffic alert occurs, the aircraft takes off, or the manual override times out (timer set on Map Setup Window).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Auto Zoom: Off, MFD Only, PFD Only, All On AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Manual Range Override Expiration Time Maximum Look Forward Time Minimum Look Forward Time Figure 5-7 Map Setup Menu Window - Map Group, Auto Zoom Configuring automatic zoom: FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Press the ENT Key. The Map Setup Menu is displayed. 3) Select the ‘Map’ group.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW MAP PANNING Map panning allows the pilot to: • View parts of the map outside the displayed range without adjusting the map range FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Highlight and select locations on the map • Review information for a selected airport, NAVAID or user waypoint • Designate locations for use in flight planning • View airspace and airway information EIS When the panning function is selected by pressing the Joystick, the Map Pointer flashes on the map display.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When the Map Pointer is placed on an object, the name of the object is highlighted (even if the name was not originally displayed on the map). When any map feature or object is selected on the map display, pertinent information is displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Panning the map: 1) Press the Joystick to display the Map Pointer. 2) Move the Joystick to move the Map Pointer around the map. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Press the Joystick to remove the Map Pointer and recenter the map on the aircraft’s current position. Reviewing information for an airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint: 1) Place the Map Pointer on a waypoint. 2) Press the ENT Key to display the Waypoint Information Page for the selected waypoint.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Viewing airspace information for a special-use or controlled airspace: 1) Place the Map Pointer on an open area within the boundaries of an airspace. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the ENT Key to display an options menu. 3) ‘Review Airspace?’ should already be highlighted, if not select it. Press the ENT Key to display the Airspace Information Page for the selected airspace. EIS 4) Press the CLR or ENT Key to exit the Airspace Information Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW MEASURING BEARING AND DISTANCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Distance and bearing from the aircraft’s present position to any point on the viewable navigation map may be calculated using the ‘Measure Bearing and Distance’ selection from Navigation Map page menu. The bearing and distance tool displays a dashed Measurement Line and a Measure Pointer to aid in graphically identifying points with which to measure.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT TOPOGRAPHY FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS All navigation maps can display various shades of topography colors representing land elevation, similar to aviation sectional charts. Topographic data can be displayed or removed as described in the following procedures.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS TOPO DATA Range EIS TOPO DATA On/Off AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-15 Navigation Map Setup Menu - TOPO DATA Setup The topographic data range is the maximum map range on which topographic data is displayed. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NOTE: Since the PFD Inset Map is much smaller than the MFD navigation maps, items are removed on the PFD Inset Map two range levels smaller than the range selected in the Map Setup pages (e.g.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Maximum Displayed Elevation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Aircraft Altitude (MSL) Minimum Displayed Elevation Range of Displayed Elevations AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Ground Elevation at Pointer Location (only visible when Pointer is displayed) Figure 5-16 Navigation Map - TOPO SCALE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Displaying/removing the topographic scale (TOPO SCALE): 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW MAP SYMBOLS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS This section discusses the types of land and aviation symbols that can be displayed. Each listed type of symbol can be turned on or off, and the maximum range to display each symbol can be set. The decluttering of the symbols from the map using the DCLTR Softkey is also discussed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AVIATION SYMBOLS The following items are configured on the aviation menu: Aviation Symbols FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS (Text label size can be None, Small, Medium (Med), or Large (Lrg) EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES Default Maximum Range (nm) Range (nm) Active Flight Plan Leg (ACTIVE FPL) 2000 2000 Non-active Flight Plan Leg (ACTIVE FPL) 2000 2000 2000 250 150 50 3 Off 15 2000 500 300 100 20 100 30 Non-directional Beacon
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYMBOL SETUP All pages with maps can display land symbols (roads, lakes, borders, etc). Land symbols can be removed totally (turned off). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Displaying/removing all land symbols: 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The Page Menu is displayed and the cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Press the ENT Key. The Map Setup Group Menu is displayed and the cursor flashes on the ‘Map’ option.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 7) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected range. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 8) Press the FMS Knob to return to the Navigation Map Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW MAP DECLUTTER The declutter feature allows the pilot to progressively step through four levels of removing map information. The declutter level is displayed in the DCLTR Softkey and next to the Declutter Menu Option. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Declutter Level EIS DCLTR Softkey Navigation Map Page Menu Figure 5-21 Navigation Map - Declutter Level Indications AUDIO PANEL & CNS Decluttering the map: Press the DCLTR Softkey with the Navigation Map Page displayed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Table 5-3 lists the items displayed at each declutter level. The ‘X’ represents map items displayed for the various levels of declutter.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW AIRWAYS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS This airways discussion is based upon the North American airway structure. The airway structure in places other than North America vary by location, etc. and are not discussed in this book. Low Altitude Airways (or Victor Airways) primarily serve smaller piston-engine, propeller-driven airplanes on shorter routes and at lower altitudes.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Airways may be displayed on the map at the pilot’s discretion using either a combination of AIRWAY Softkey presses, or menu selections using the MENU Key from the Navigation Map Page. The Airway range can also be programmed to only display Airways on the MFD when the map range is at or below a specific number. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Displaying/removing airways: 1) Press the MAP Softkey. 2) Press the AIRWAYS Softkey. Both High and Low Altitude Airways are displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW The following range items are configurable on the airways menu: Airway Type Symbol Low Altitude Airway (LOW ALT AIRWAY) 300 High Altitude Airway (HI ALT AIRWAY) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Default Maximum Range (nm) Range (nm) 200 500 500 Table 5-4 Airway Range Information EIS TRACK VECTOR AUDIO PANEL & CNS The Navigation Map can display a track vector that is useful in minimizing track angle error.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Wind Vector On/Off EIS Nav Range Ring On/Off Track Vector - On/Off - Look Ahead Time AUDIO PANEL & CNS Fuel Range - On/Off - Fuel Reserve Time Figure 5-25 Navigation Map Setup Menu -TRACK VECTOR, WIND VECTOR, NAV RANGE RING, FUEL RANGE RING Setup WIND VECTOR FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The map displays a wind vector arrow in the upper right-hand portion of the screen.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW NAV RANGE RING The Nav Range Ring shows the direction of travel (ground track) on a rotating compass card. The range is determined by the map range. The range is 1/4 of the map range (e.g., 37.5 nm on a 150 nm map).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FUEL RANGE RING AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The map can display a fuel range ring which shows the remaining flight distance. A dashed green circle indicates the selected range to reserve fuel. A solid green circle indicates the total endurance range. If only reserve fuel remains, the range is indicated by a solid yellow circle.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.3 WAYPOINTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Waypoints are predetermined geographical positions (internal database) or pilot-entered positions, and are used for all phases of flight planning and navigation. Communication and navigation frequencies can be tuned “automatically” from various Waypoint Information (WPT) pages, Nearest (NRST) pages, and the Nearest Airports Window (on PFD). This auto-tuning feature simplifies frequency entry over manual tuning.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Identifier with Duplicates AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Duplicate Waypoints FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Duplicate Message Figure 5-30 Waypoint Information Window - Duplicate Identifier AIRPORTS HAZARD AVOIDANCE NOTE: ‘North Up’ orientation on the Airport Information Page cannot be changed; the pilot needs to be aware of proper orientation if the Navigation Map orientation is different from the Airport Information Page Map.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Airport Information FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - ID/Facility/City - Usage Type/Region - Lat/Long/Elev - Fuel Available - Time Zone (UTC Offset) Navigation Map Showing Selected Airport Runway Information - Designation - Length/Width/Surface - Lighting Available EIS Airport/Runway Diagram COM/NAV Freq. Info.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The Airport Frequencies Box uses the descriptions and abbreviations listed in the following table: AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Communication Frequencies Approach * Control Pre-Taxi Arrival * CTA * Radar ASOS Departure * Ramp ATIS Terminal * Gate AWOS Ground TMA * Tower Center Helicopter Class B * Multicom TRSA * Class C * Other Unicom Clearance Navigation Frequencies ILS LOC * May include Additional Information Table 5-5 Airport Frequency Abbreviations
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Continued presses of the ENT Key sequences through the information pages for all airports in the Nearest Airports list.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Nearest Airports FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS - ID/Type - Bearing/Distance Airport Information EIS - Facility/City/Elevation Nearest Airport Runway Information Navigation Map Showing Nearest Airport COM/NAV Freq. Info.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Viewing runway information for a specific airport: 1) With the Nearest Airports Page displayed, press the RNWY Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Select Runway Window’; and press the ENT Key. The cursor is placed in the ‘RUNWAYS’ Box. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Select the desired runway. 3) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. See the Audio Panel and CNS Section for frequency selection and the Procedures section for approaches.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT INTERSECTIONS NOTE: The VOR displayed on the Intersection Information Page is the nearest VOR, not necessarily the VOR FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS used to define the intersection. The Intersection Information Page is used to view information about intersections.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Nearest Intersections Page can be used to quickly find an intersection close to the flight path. In addition to displaying a map of the surrounding area, the page displays information for up to 25 nearest intersections in three boxes labeled ‘NEAREST INT’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘REFERENCE VOR’. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The selected intersection is indicated by a white arrow. Up to eleven Intersections are visible at a time.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NDBS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The NDB Information Page is used to view information about NDBs. In addition to displaying a map of the currently selected NDB and surrounding area, the page displays NDB information in four boxes labeled ‘NDB’, ‘INFORMATION’, ‘FREQUENCY’, and ‘NEAREST AIRPORT.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Nearest NDB Page can be used to quickly find a NDB close to the flight path. In addition to displaying a map of the surrounding area, the page displays information for up to 25 nearest NDBs in three boxes labeled ‘NEAREST NDB’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘FREQUENCY’. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A white arrow before the NDB identifier indicates the selected NDB. Up to eleven NDBs are visible at a time. If there are more than can be shown, each list can be scrolled.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT VORS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The VOR Information Page can be used to view information about VOR and ILS signals (since ILS signals can be received on a NAV receiver), or to quickly auto-tune a VOR or ILS frequency. Localizer information cannot be viewed on the VOR Information Page. If a VOR station is combined with a TACAN station it is listed as a VORTAC on the VOR Information Page and if it includes only DME, it’s displayed as VOR-DME.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Nearest VOR Page can be used to quickly find a VOR station close to the aircraft. Also, a NAV frequency from a selected VOR station can be loaded from the Nearest VOR Page. In addition to displaying a map of the surrounding area, the Nearest VOR Page displays information for up to 25 nearest VOR stations in three boxes labeled ‘NEAREST VOR’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘FREQUENCY’. The list only includes waypoints that are within 200 nm.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT USER WAYPOINTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 can create and store up to 1,000 user-defined waypoints. User waypoints can be created from any map page (except PFD Inset Map, AUX-Trip Planning Page, or Procedure Pages) by selecting a position on the map using the Joystick, or from the User Waypoint Information Page by referencing a bearing/distance from an existing waypoint or bearing from two existing waypoints.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW CREATING USER WAYPOINTS User waypoints can be created from the User Waypoint Information Page in the following ways: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Creating user waypoints from the User Waypoint Information Page: 1) Press the NEW Softkey, or press the MENU Key and select ‘Create New User Waypoint’. 2) Enter a user waypoint name (up to six characters). 3) Press the ENT Key. The current aircraft position is the default location of the new waypoint.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Creating user waypoints from map pages: 1) Press the Joystick to activate the panning function and pan to the map location of the desired user waypoint. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the ENT Key. The User Waypoint Information Page is displayed with the captured position.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 4) Press the ENT Key twice. The new waypoint’s location is saved. 5) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A system generated comment for a user waypoint incorporates the reference waypoint identifier, bearing, and distance. If a system generated comment has been edited, a new comment can be generated.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.4 AIRSPACES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 can display the following types of airspaces: Class B/TMA, Class C/TCA, Class D, Restricted, MOA (Military), Other Airspace, Air Defense Interdiction Zone (ADIZ), and Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Airspace Alerts Box allows the pilot to turn the controlled/special-use airspace message alerts on or off. This does not affect the alerts listed on the Nearest Airspaces Page or the airspace boundaries depicted on the Navigation Map Page. It simply turns on/off the warning provided when the aircraft is approaching or near an airspace. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS An altitude buffer is also provided which “expands” the vertical range above or below an airspace.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Nearest Airspaces Page can be used to quickly find airspaces close to the flight path. In addition, a selected frequency associated with the airspace can be loaded from the Nearest Airspaces Page. In addition to displaying a map of airspace boundaries and surrounding area, the Nearest Airspaces Page displays airspace information in four boxes labeled ‘AIRSPACE ALERTS’, ‘AIRSPACE, AGENCY’, VERTICAL LIMITS’, and ‘FREQUENCIES’.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the PFD ALERTS Softkey displays the message window on the PFD. The following airspace alerts are displayed in the message window: Comments The aircraft is inside the special use airspace. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Special use airspace is ahead of aircraft. The aircraft penetrates the airspace within 10 minutes. Special use airspace is near and ahead of the aircraft position. Special use airspace is within 2 nm of the aircraft position.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.5 DIRECT-TO-NAVIGATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Once a direct-to is activated, the G1000 establishes a point-to-point course line from the present position to the selected direct-to destination. Course guidance is provided until the direct-to is replaced with a new direct-to or flight plan, or cancelled.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Any waypoint can be entered as a direct-to destination from the Direct-to Window. Entering a waypoint identifier, facility name, or city as a direct-to destination: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Direct-to Window is displayed (with the active flight plan wayoint as the default selection or a blank waypoint field if no flight plan is active).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Any NRST, RECENT, or AIRWAY waypoints can be selected as a direct-to destination in the Direct-to Window. Selecting a NRST, RECENT, or AIRWAY waypoint as a direct-to destination: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Direct-to Window is displayed (with the active flight plan destination as the default selection or a blank destination if no flight plan is active).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed on ‘ACTIVATE?’. 6) Press the ENT Key again to activate the direct-to. Cancelling a Direct-to: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Press the Direct-to Key to display the Direct-to Window. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Cancel Direct-To NAV’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. If a flight plan is still active, the G1000 resumes navigating the flight plan along the closest leg.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A direct-to with altitude constraints creates a descent path (and provides guidance to stay on the path) from the aircraft’s current altitude to the altitude of the direct-to waypoint. The altitude is reached at the waypoint, or at the specified distance along the flight path if an offset distance has been entered. All VNV altitudes prior to the direct-to destination are removed from the active flight plan upon successful activation of the direct-to.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.6 FLIGHT PLANNING Flight Plan Leg Type FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight planning on the G1000 consists of building a flight plan by entering waypoints one at a time, adding waypoints along airways, and inserting departures, airways, arrivals, or approaches as needed. The G1000 allows flight planning information to be entered from either the MFD or PFD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The following could cause the airway update to fail: • Airway identifier, entry waypoint or exit waypoint not found in the new database. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Airway entry/exit waypoint is not an acceptable waypoint for the airway – either the waypoint is no longer on the airway, or there is a new directional restriction that prevents it being used. • Loading the new airway sequence would exceed the capacity of the flight plan.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Active Flight Plan Comment FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Active Flight Plan Leg Active Flight Plan Waypoint List - Waypoint ID - Desired Track to Waypoint - Distance to Waypoint - Airway Identifier EIS Figure 5-54 Active Flight Plan Window on PFD AUDIO PANEL & CNS Catalog Contents - # Used - # Empty FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Flight Plan List - Comment HAZARD AVOIDANCE Selected Flight Plan Map Selected FPL Info Softkeys AFCS - Departure Waypoint - Destination Waypoint - Total Fligh
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4) Enter the identifier, facility, or city name of the departure waypoint or select a waypoint from the submenu of waypoints and press the ENT Key. The active flight plan is modified as each waypoint is entered. 5) Repeat step numbers 3 and 4 to enter each additional flight plan waypoint. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 6) When all waypoints have been entered, press the FMS Knob to remove the cursor. Creating a stored flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDING WAYPOINTS TO AN EXISTING FLIGHT PLAN FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Waypoints can be added to the active flight plan or any stored flight plan. Choose the flight plan, select the desired point of insertion, enter the waypoint, and it is added in front of the selected waypoint. Flight plans are limited to 99 waypoints (including waypoints within airways and procedures). If the number of waypoints in the flight plan exceeds 99, the message “Flight plan is full.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Adding a waypoint to a stored flight plan: 1) On the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Highlight the desired flight plan. 3) Press the EDIT Softkey; or press the ENT Key, turn the large FMS Knob clockwise to select “EDIT” and press the ENT Key. The Stored Flight Plan Page is displayed. 4) Select the point in the flight plan to add the new waypoint.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Creating and adding user waypoints to the active flight plan: 1) Press the Joystick to activate the panning function on the Active Flight Plan Page and pan to the map location of the desired user waypoint. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the LD WPT Softkey; or press the MENU Key, select ‘Load Waypoint’, and press the ENT Key. The user waypoint is created with a name of USRxxx (using the next available in sequence) and is added to the end of the active flight plan.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5) Turn the FMS Knob to select the desired airway from the list, and press the ENT Key. Low altitude airways are shown first in the list, followed by “all” altitude airways, and then high altitude airways. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 6) Turn the FMS Knob to select the desired airway exit point from the list, and press the ENT Key. ‘LOAD?’ is highlighted. 7) Press the ENT Key. The system returns to editing the flight plan with the new airway inserted.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW RESTRICTIONS ON ADDING AIRWAYS Some airways have directional restrictions on all or part of the route. Airway “A2” in Europe has a directional restriction over the whole route such that it can be flown only in the direction MTD-ABB-BNE-DEVAL.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT DEPARTURE (DP) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A Departure Procedure (DP) is loaded at the departure airport in the flight plan. Only one departure can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route is defined by selection of a departure, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Departure Airport FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Departure Selected Runway Preview of Selected Departure Selected Transition Departure Transition Points Available EIS Selected Departure End Point AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-64 Departure Loading Page - Selecting Transition FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Inserted Departure Header HAZARD AVOIDANCE - Departure Identifier: [departure airport]-[departure runway]. [departure transition]. [departure end point] (e.g., KMKC-ALL.TIFTO2.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ARRIVAL (STAR) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) is loaded at the destination airport in the flight plan. Only one arrival can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route is defined by selection of an arrival, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Destination Airport FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Arrival Selected Transition Transitions Available with DBRY1 EIS Arrival Waypoint Sequence Preview of Selected Arrival AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-67 Arrival Loading Page - Selecting the Transition FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE Inserted Arrival Header AFCS - Arrival Identifier: [arrival airport]-[arrival transition]. [arrival].[arrival runway] (e.g., KCOS-ALS.DBRY1.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT APPROACH (APPR) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS An Approach Procedure (APPR) can be loaded at any airport that has an approach available. Only one approach can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route for a selected approach is defined by designating transition waypoints.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Destination Airport FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Approach Selected Transition Preview of Selected Approach Transitions Available with Selected Approach EIS Approach Waypoint Sequence AUDIO PANEL & CNS Load Approach? Figure 5-70 Approach Loading Page - Selecting the Transition FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE Inserted Approach Header - Approach Identifier: [approach airport].
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 3) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the desired flight plan. 4) The Flight Plan Information is displayed showing departure, destination, total distance, and enroute safe altitude information for the selected Flight Plan. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 5) Press the EDIT Softkey to open the Stored Flight Plan Page and view the waypoints in the flight plan. 6) Press the FMS Knob to exit the Stored Flight Plan Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 3) Highlight ‘Sort By Comment’ and press the ENT Key. A confirmation window is displayed. 4) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to change flight plan ordering. To cancel the request, press the CLR Key, or highlight ‘CANCEL’ and press the ENT Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ACTIVATE A FLIGHT PLAN Activating a stored flight plan erases the active flight plan and replaces it with the flight plan being activated.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT DELETE A STORED FLIGHT PLAN Individual or all stored flight plans can be deleted from the G1000 memory. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Deleting a stored flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key and turn the small FMS Knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the desired flight plan. 3) Press the DELETE Softkey; press the CLR Key; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Delete Flight Plan’, and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor (not required on the PFD) and turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the waypoint to be deleted. 3) Press the CLR Key. The ‘Remove XXXXX?’ window is displayed. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 4) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. To cancel the request, press the CLR Key, or highlight ‘CANCEL’ and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Deleting an entire airway from a stored flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Turn the small FMS Knob clockwise one click to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 3) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the flight plan to be edited. 4) Press the EDIT Softkey; or press the MENU Key, select ‘Edit Flight Plan’ and press the ENT Key. The Stored Flight Plan Page is displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW CHANGING FLIGHT PLAN COMMENTS (NAMES) The comment field (or name) of each flight plan can be changed to something that is useful for identification and sorting. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Changing the active flight plan comment: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the comment field. 3) Use the FMS Knobs to edit the comment. EIS 4) Press the ENT Key to accept the changes.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Along Track Offset Waypoint and Distance from Flight Plan Waypoint AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Along Track Offset Waypoint and Distance FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-73 Along Track Offset Entering an along track offset distance: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW PARALLEL TRACK FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Parallel Track (PTK) feature allows creation of a parallel course offset of 1 to 50 nm left or right of the current flight plan. When Parallel Track is activated, the course line drawn on the map pages shows the parallel course, and waypoint names have a lower case “p” placed after the identifier. Using direct-to, loading an approach, a holding pattern, or editing and activating the flight plan automatically cancels Parallel Track.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Offset Direction Offset Distance FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Activation Prompt HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 5-75 Parallel Track Window AFCS Parallel Track Waypoints - TIFTO-p - TOP-p - SLN-p - HYS-p - LAA-p Activating Parallel Track affects the entire active flight segment (e.g.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Approach Leg Active’. If the offset direction and distance results in an unreasonable route geometry the status indicates that the system is unable to activate the parallel track because of invalid geometry.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ACTIVATING A FLIGHT PLAN LEG FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Activating a flight plan leg: The G1000 allows selection of a highlighted leg as the “active leg” (the flight plan leg which is currently used for navigation guidance).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS New Active Flight Plan Leg EIS Confirmation Window AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-80 Active Flight Plan Page - New Active Leg FLIGHT MANAGEMENT INVERTING A FLIGHT PLAN Any flight plan may be inverted (reversed) for navigation back to the original departure point.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT PLAN VIEWS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Information about flight plans can be viewed in more than one way. The active flight plan can be configured to show cumulative distance over the length of the flight plan or the distance for each leg of the flight plan; and the active flight plan can be viewed in a narrow or wide view.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Active Flight Plan Narrow View Active Flight Plan Wide View FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS WIDE Softkey, NARROW Softkey, LEG-LEG Softkey, CUM Softkey FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-82 Active Flight Plan - Wide vs. Narrow View COLLAPSING AIRWAYS HAZARD AVOIDANCE The G1000 allows airways on the active flight plan to be collapsed or expanded from the Active Flight Plan Page/Window. When airways have been collapsed, it is indicated on the airway heading.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Collapsing/expanding the airways in the active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Collapse Airways’ or ‘Expand Airways’, and press the ENT Key. The airways are collapsed/expanded.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.7 VERTICAL NAVIGATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The G1000 supports vertical navigation for all lateral leg types except for CA, CI, FA, FM, HA, HM, PI, VA, VD, VI, VR, and VM. Vertical constraints are not retained in stored flight plans. Current Vertical Navigation Profile EIS The G1000 system Vertical Navigation (VNV) feature provides vertical profile guidance during the enroute and teminal phases of flight.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Canceling vertical navigation results in vertical deviation (V DEV), vertical speed required (VS REQ), and time to top of descent/bottom of descent (TIME TO TOD/BOD) going invalid. The Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI) and Required Vertical Speed Indication (RVSI) on the PFD are removed, and the V DEV, VS REQ, and TIME TO TOD items displayed in the CURRENT VNV PROFILE box are dashed. VNV remains disabled until manually enabled.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW The vertical navigation profile can be modified by directly entering a vertical speed target (VS TGT) and/or flight path angle (FPA) in the CURRENT VNV PROFILE box. Modifying the VS TGT and FPA: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 2) Press the VNV PROF Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Select VNV Profile Window’, and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS White Text Light Blue Text Light Blue Subdued Text Large Altitude calculated by the system Text estimating the altitude of the aircraft as it passes over the navigation point. This altitude is provided as a reference and is not designated to be used in determining vertical speed and deviation guidance. Altitude has been entered manually. Altitude is designated for use in giving vertical speed and deviation guidance.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW An altitude constraint is invalid if: • Meeting the constraint requires the aircraft to climb FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Meeting the constraint requires the maximum flight path angle (6° down) or maximum vertical speed (-6000 fpm) to be exceeded • The altitude constraint results in a TOD behind the aircraft present position • The constraint is within a leg type for which altitude constraints are not supported • The altitude constraint is added to the FAF of an approach that pro
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Reverting a manually entered altitude constraint back to the navigation database value: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the FMS Knob, and turn to highlight the desired waypoint altitude constraint. 3) Press the CLR Key. A ‘Remove or Revert to published VNV altitude of nnnnnFT?’ confirmation window is displayed. 4) Select ‘REVERT’ and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.8 PROCEDURES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 can access the whole range of instrument procedures available. Departures (DPs), arrivals (STARs), and non-precision and precision approaches (APPR) are stored within the database and can be loaded using the Procedures (PROC) Key. EIS The selected procedure for the departure or arrival airport is added to the active flight plan.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Departure Airport AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Available Procedure Actions Loaded Procedures Departure Preview Departure Choices FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-87 Departure Selection Loaded Departure ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Selected Departure Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys INDEX APPENDICES Figure 5-88 Departure Loading 224 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-00 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Viewing available departures at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), press the DP Softkey. The Departure Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport information Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) To select another airport, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, enter an identifier/facility name/city, and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ARRIVALS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) can be loaded at any airport that has one available. Only one arrival can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. If an arrival is loaded when another arrival is already in the active flight plan, the new arrival replaces the previous arrival. The route is defined by selection of an arrival, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selected Arrival Loaded Arrival FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys Figure 5-90 Arrival Loading FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Viewing available arrivals at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), press the STAR Softkey. The Arrival Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport Information Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 3) Press the ENT Key. A confirmation window is displayed listing the arrival procedure. 4) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. To cancel the removal request, highlight ‘CANCEL’ and press the ENT Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Or: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD) 2) Press the FMS Knob, and turn to highlight the arrival header in the active flight plan. 3) Press the CLR Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Example on HSI EIS Approach Type - LNAV - LNAV+V - L/VNAV - LPV AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HSI Annunciation Description LNAV GPS approach using published LNAV minima LNAV+V GPS approach using published LNAV minima.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Destination Airport AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Available Procedure Actions Loaded Procedures Approach Preview Approach Choices FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-91 Approach Selection Loaded Approach ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Selected Approach Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys LOAD or ACTIVATE? Annunciation APPENDICES Figure 5-92 Approach Loading Viewing available approaches at an airport: INDEX 1) From the Airport Informat
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 3) Press the FMS Knob, then turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Approach. The approach is previewed on the map. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to view the available approaches. Press the ENT Key to select the approach. The cursor moves to the Runway box. The approach is previewed on the map. 5) Turn the small FMS Knob to view the available runways. Press the ENT Key to select the runway. The cursor moves to the Transition box.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Loading and activating an approach using the MENU Key: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 2) Press the ENT Key. When GPS is not approved for the selected final approach course, the message ‘NOT APPROVED FOR GPS’ is displayed. GPS provides guidance to the approach, but the HSI must to be switched to a NAV receiver to fly the final course of the approach. 1) From the Approach Loading Page, press the MENU Key. The page menu is displayed with ‘Load & Activate Approach’ highlighted.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW COURSE TO FIX FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In a missed approach procedure, the fix immediately following the MAP (in this case ‘6368FT’) is not part of the published procedure. It is simply a fix that defines a leg which guides the aircraft along the runway centerline until the required altitude to make the first turn on the missed approach is exceeded.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.9 TRIP PLANNING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 allows the pilot to view trip planning information, fuel information, and other information for a specified flight plan or flight plan leg based on automatic data, or based on manually entered data. Weight planning is also available, based on fuel sensor data and the active flight plan (to estimate remaining fuel).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW TRIP STATISTICS The trip statistics are calculated based on the selected starting and ending waypoints and the trip planning inputs. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In flight plan mode (FPL) with a stored flight plan selected (NN), and the entire flight plan (CUM) selected, the waypoints are the starting and ending waypoints of the selected flight plan.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FUEL STATISTICS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Fuel efficiency (EFFICIENCY) - This value is calculated by dividing the current ground speed by the current fuel flow. EIS The fuel statistics are calculated based on the selected starting and ending waypoints and the trip planning inputs. Some of the calculated trip statistics are dashed when the selected leg of the active flight plan has already been flown.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selected Flight Plan Selected Leg(s) Not Available Not Available Selected Starting and Ending Waypoints FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Figure 5-96 Trip Planning Page - Waypoint Mode Selecting automatic or manual page mode: Press the AUTO Softkey or the MANUAL Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Auto Mode’ or ‘Manual Mode’, and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.10 RAIM PREDICTION FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) is a GPS receiver function that performs a consistency check on all tracked satellites. RAIM ensures that the available satellite geometry allows the receiver to calculate a position within a specified RAIM protection limit (2.0 nm for oceanic, 2.0 nm for enroute, 1.0 nm for terminal, and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 6) Turn the FMS Knobs to enter an arrival date and press the ENT Key. 7) Press the ENT Key with ‘COMPUTE RAIM?’ highlighted to begin the computation. Predicting RAIM availability at the aircraft present position: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Select the AUX-GPS Status Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob. The RAIM Prediction ‘WAYPOINT’ field is highlighted. 3) Press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Set WPT to Present Position’, and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Enabling/Disabling SBAS: 1) Select the AUX-GPS Status Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the FMS Knob. The SBAS SELECTION ‘WAAS’ field is highlighted. 3) Press the ENT Key to disable SBAS. Press the ENT Key again to enable SBAS.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5.11 NAVIGATING A FLIGHT PLAN FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The following discussion is an example of navigating a flight plan with an LPV approach using the WAAS capable GPS system while the G1000 provides vertical guidance through descents. A flight plan with an LNAV approach would be navigated in much the same way, but would not include vertical guidance when the final approach course is active. NOTE: The following example flight plan is for instructional purposes only.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) ATC now assigns routing to join V4. A heading of 290º is assigned to intercept V4. The aircraft turns to heading 290° as seen in Figure 5-101. HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 5-101 Assigned Heading of 290º 4) Enter V4 into the flight plan. INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 242 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-00 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW b) The desired entry point for V4 (TOP) must be entered. Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired flight plan insertion point (SLN) as shown in Figure 5-103. When the V4 entry point (TOP) is inserted, it is placed immediately above the highlighted waypoint (SLN). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-102 Begin Adding V4 to the Flight Plan c) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS d) Press the ENT Key. TOP is inserted into the flight plan as in Figure 5-105. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-104 TOP Inserted into the Flight Plan e) With SLN still highlighted as in Figure 5-104, turn the small FMS Knob clockwise. The Waypoint Information Page is displayed and the LD AIRWY Softkey is now available.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW h) Press the ENT Key. The list of available exits for V4 is now displayed as in Figure 5-106. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 5-106 List of Available Exits for V4 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT i) If necessary, turn either FMS Knob to select the desired exit. In this case Salina VOR (SLN) is selected as in Figure 5-106. j) Press the ENT Key. The selected airway and exit are displayed, and the prompt “LOAD?” highlighted as in Figure 5-107.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS l) V4 is now loaded into the flight plan as shown in Figure 5-108. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-108 V4 is Loaded in the Flight Plan 5) Making V4 the active leg of the flight plan. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. HAZARD AVOIDANCE b) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight SLN. The TO waypoint of the leg is selected in order to activate the leg. AFCS c) Press the ACT LEG Softkey.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS d) Verify the displayed leg is the desired leg and press the ENT Key. Note in Figure 5-110, the magenta arrow in the flight plan window and magenta line on the map indicating V4 is now the active flight plan leg. Note the phase of flight remained in Terminal (TERM) mode up to this point because a departure leg was active. Since a leg after the departure is now active, the current CDI flight phase is ENR (Enroute) and CDI scaling has changed to 2.0 nm.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 7) As the CDI approaches center, the aircraft turns onto the active leg as seen in Figure 5-111. HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 5-111 Turn on to Active Leg ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS 8) At SLN, Victor Airway 244 (V244) is intercepted. Turn prompts are displayed in the PFD Navigation Status Box as seen in Figure 5-112.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 9) As seen in Figure 5-113, V244 is now the active flight plan leg. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-113 V244 Now Active Leg HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00749-00 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 10) At Lamar VOR (LAA) V263 is intercepted. See Figure 5-114. Figure 5-114 HYS to LAA Leg Active HAZARD AVOIDANCE 11) ATC grants clearance to proceed direct to the OPSHN intersection to begin the arrival procedure. ATC advises to expect an altitude of 10,000 feet at OPSHN. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. b) Turn the large FMS Knob to select OPSHN in the flight plan list. ) Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW d) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the cursor in the VNV altitude field as shown in Figure 5-116. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-116 Enter VNV Altitude e) An altitude of 10,000 feet is entered as requested by ATC. f) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed in the VNV offset field as shown in Figure 5-117.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS h) Press the ENT Key twice to activate the direct-to. Note, in Figure 5-118, the magenta arrow indicating the directto OPSHN after the offset waypoint for OPSHN. The preceding offset waypoint indicates the offset distance and altitude that were previously entered. The remaining waypoints in the loaded arrival procedure have no database specified altitudes, therefore, dashes are displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW b) ‘SELECT APPROACH’ should be highlighted as shown in Figure 5-119. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-119 Proceudures Window c) Press the ENT Key. A list of available approaches for the destination airport is displayed as in Figure 5-120. HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES Figure 5-120 List of Available Approaches d) Turn either FMS Knob to select the LPV approach for 35R as shown in Figure 5-120.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS e) Press the ENT Key. A list of available transitions for the selected approach is displayed as in Figure 5-121. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-121 List of Available Transitions f) Turn either FMS Knob to select the desired transition. In this case, the Initial Approach Fix (IAF) at HABUK is used. g) Press the ENT Key. APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE h) With ‘LOAD?’ highlighted, again press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 13) Note the altitude constraints associated with each of the approach waypoints as seen in Figure 5-123. These altitudes are loaded from the database and are displayed as light blue text, indicating these values are “designated” for use in computing vertical deviation guidance. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Note: To no longer use the displayed altitude for calculating vertical deviation guidance, perform the following: a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 14) As the aircraft approaches OPSHN, it may be desirable to adjust the speed, or steepness of the upcoming descent. The default Flight Path Angle (FPA) is -3.0 degrees and a required vertical speed is computed to maintain the -3.0 FPA. To change the vertical flight path, perform the following steps. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS a) Press the VNV PROF Softkey to place the cursor in the target vertical speed field (VS TGT) as shown in Figure 5-124.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 15) As seen in Figure 5-125, the aircraft is approaching TOD. Note the target vertical speed required to reached the selected altitude. The Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI) and the Required Vertical Speed Indicator (RVSI) are now displayed on the PFD as shown in Figure 5-126.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 16) Upon reaching TOD, a descent vertical speed is established which places the VSI pointer in line with the RVSI as shown in Figure 5-127.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 18) The aircraft is approaching OPSHN. The upcoming turn and next heading are annunciated at the top left of the PFD as seen in Figure 5-129. Initiate the turn and maneuver the aircraft on a track through the turn radius to intercept the magenta line for the OPSHN to FSHER leg and center the CDI.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 19) After passing OPSHN, the next leg of the arrival turns magenta as shown in Figure 5-130. The magenta arrow in the flight plan list now indicates the OPSHN to FSHER leg of the arrival procedure is now active. Figure 5-130 Tracking the OPSHN to FSHER Leg HAZARD AVOIDANCE 20) The flight continues through the arrival procedure to PYNON (see Figure 5-131).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES Figure 5-131 Approaching PYNON INDEX 190-00749-00 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 21) Upon passing PYNON the approach procedure automatically becomes active. The approach may be activated at any point to proceed directly to the IAF. In this example, the aircraft has progressed through the final waypoint of the arrival and the flight plan has automatically sequenced to the IAF as the active leg, activating the approach procedure (see Figure 5-132).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 22) The IAF is the next waypoint. At the TOD, establish a descent vertical speed as previously discussed in Step 16. The aircraft altitude is 9,000 feet upon reaching HABUK. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-134 Descending Turn to the Initial Approach Fix (IAF) HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00749-00 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 23) After crossing FALUR the next waypoint is the FAF. The flight phase changes to LPV on the HSI indicating the current phase of flight is in Approach Mode and the approach type is LPV. CDI scaling changes accordingly and is used much like a localizer when flying an ILS approach.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 24) After crossing CEGIX, the aircraft continues following the glidepath to maintain the descent to “AT or ABOVE” 6,370 feet at the Missed Approach Point (MAP) (RW35R) as seen in Figure 5-136. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-136 Descending to the Missed Approach Point HAZARD AVOIDANCE In this missed approach procedure, the fix immediately following the MAP (in this case ‘6368FT’) is not part of the published procedure.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW A direct-to is initiated to MOGAL, which is the Missed Approach Hold Point (MAHP) as seen in Figure 5-137. The aircraft is climbing to 10,000 feet. The CDI flight phase now changes from LPV to MAPR as seen on the HSI. APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS 25) Upon reaching the MAP, it is decided to execute a missed approach. Automatic waypoint sequencing is suspended past the MAP.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW 26) The aircraft continues climbing to “AT or ABOVE” 10,000 feet at MOGAL. A holding pattern is established at the MAHP (MOGAL) as shown in Figure 5-138. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-138 Establishing the Holding Pattern 27) The aircraft maintains 10,000 feet while following the magenta line through the hold as in Figure 5-139.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.12 ABNORMAL OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS This section discusses the Dead Reckoning mode of operation and the subsequent indications. NOTE: Dead Reckoning Mode only functions in Enroute (ENR) or Oceanic (OCN) phase of flight. In all other phases, an invalid GPS solution produces a “NO GPS POSITION” annunciation on the map and the G1000 stops using GPS.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OVERVIEW Distance & Bearing FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Dead Reckoning Annunciaion Wind Data Track Bug (if shown) EIS GPS Navigation Lost Message AUDIO PANEL & CNS Bearing Pointer/ Distance Navigation Data Bar Wind Data FLIGHT MANAGEMENT All data except Active Leg, TAS, and DTK are in yellow Dead Reckoning Annunciation HAZARD AVOIDANCE Subdued Aircraft Symbol AFCS Figure 5-140 Dead Reckoning Mode - GPS Derived Data Shown in Yellow ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: The Inset Map is r
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT MANAGEMENT BLANK PAGE 270 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-00 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 6 HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Hazard avoidance features available for the G1000 are designed to aid situational awareness and provide advisory information with regard to potential hazards to flight safety associated with weather, terrain, and air traffic.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE ACTIVATING SERVICES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Before XM Satellite Weather can be used, the service must be activated. Service is activated by providing XM Satellite Radio with coded IDs unique to the installed GDL 69A. XM Satellite Radio and XM Satellite Weather services each have coded IDs. The Data and Audio Radio IDs must be provided to XM Satellite Radio to activate the weather service and entertainment subscriptions, respectively.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW USING XM SATELLITE WEATHER PRODUCTS The primary map for viewing XM Weather data is the Weather Data Link Page in the Map Page Group. This is the only G1000 map display capable of showing information for all available XM weather products. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Viewing the Weather Data Link Page: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Weather Data Link Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Table 6-1 shows the weather product symbols, the expiration time and the refresh rate. The refresh rate represents the interval at which XM Satellite Radio broadcasts new signals that may or may not contain new weather data. It does not represent the rate at which weather data is updated or new content is received by the Data Link Receiver. Weather data is updated at intervals that are defined and controlled by XM Satellite Radio and its data vendors.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Cloud Top (CLD TOP) + Echo Top (ECHO TOP) + Nearest Page Group Flight Plan Pages + AUX - Trip Planning Page Weather Data Link Page + Weather Information Page Navigation Map Page + + + + + + + + + + Cell Movement (CELL MOV) + + + + + + + + + METARs + City Forecast (CITY) + Surface Analysis (SFC) + Freezing Levels (FRZ LVL) + Winds Aloft (WIND) + County Warnings (COUNTY) + Cyclone Warnings (CYCLONE) + Radar Coverage TFRs + + +
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Softkeys control the display of weather information on most MFD pages and the PFD Inset Map (Figure 6-3 shows the weather product softkeys for the Weather Data Link Page). When a weather product is selected for display, the corresponding softkey label changes to gray to indicate the product is enabled. Unavailable weather products have subdued softkey labels (softkeys are disabled from selection).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Setting up and customizing the Weather Data Link Page: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) With ‘Weather Setup’ highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-4). 4) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll though product selections (Figure 6-5). 5) Turn the small FMS Knob to scroll though options for each product (ON/OFF, range settings, etc.). 6) Press the ENT Key to select an option.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Weather displayed on Pages other than the Weather Data Link Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Setting up and customizing weather data for the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Map Setup’ highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-6). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the ‘Weather’ Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-7).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Each active weather product has an associated legend which can be displayed on the Weather Data Link Page. Viewing legends for displayed weather products FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Press the LEGEND Softkey to display the legends for the displayed weather products. Or: a) Press the MENU Key. b) Select ‘Weather Legend’ and press the ENT Key. EIS 3) Turn the FMS Knob to scroll through the legends if more are available than fit in the window.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW NEXRAD FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HAZARD AVOIDANCE WSR-88D, or NEXRAD (NEXt-generation RADar), is a network of 158 high-resolution Doppler radar systems that are operated by the National Weather Service (NWS). NEXRAD data provides centralized meteorological information for the continental United States and selected overseas locations. The maximum range of a single NEXRAD radar site is 250 nm.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Displaying NEXRAD weather information: 1) Press the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, press the INSET Softkey). This step is not necessary on the Weather Data Link Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the NEXRAD Softkey. Composite data from all the NEXRAD radar sites in the United States is shown. This data is composed of the maximum reflectivity from the individual radar sweeps. The display of the information is color-coded to indicate the weather severity level.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEXRAD LIMITATIONS NEXRAD radar images may have certain limitations: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • NEXRAD base reflectivity does not provide sufficient information to determine cloud layers or precipitation characteristics (wet hail vs. rain). For example, it is not possible to distinguish between wet snow, wet hail, and rain. • NEXRAD base reflectivity is sampled at the minimum antenna elevation angle. An individual NEXRAD site cannot depict high altitude storms at close ranges.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW NEXRAD LIMITATIONS (CANADA) • Radar coverage extends to 55ºN. • Any precipitation displayed between 52ºN and 55ºN is displayed as mixed because it is unknown. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS No Coverage Above 55ºN EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Precipitation Above 52ºN FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-13 NEXRAD Data - Canada AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00749-00 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ECHO TOPS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Echo Tops data (Figure 6-14) shows the location, elevation, and direction of the highest radar echo. The highest radar echo does not indicate the top of a storm or clouds; rather it indicates the highest altitude at which precipitation is detected. Information is derived from NEXRAD data. HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS NOTE: Display of Echo Tops is mutually exclusive with Cloud Tops and NEXRAD.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW The display of radar coverage is always active when either NEXRAD or ECHO TOPS is selected. Areas where NEXRAD radar coverage and Echo Tops information is not currently available or is not being collected are indicated in grayish-purple. Radar capability exists in these areas, but it is not active or is off-line. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS CLOUD TOPS NOTE: Cloud Tops and Echo Tops cannot be displayed at the same time.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW XM LIGHTNING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Lightning data (Figure 6-18) shows the approximate location of cloud-to-ground lightning strikes. A strike icon represents a strike that has occurred within a two-kilometer region. The exact location of the lightning strike is not displayed. AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS NOTE: XM Lightning and optional L-3 STORMSCOPE® WX-500 Lightning are mutually exclusive.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW CELL MOVEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Cell Movement data (Figure 6-20) shows the location and movement of storm cells as identified by the ground-based system. Cells are represented by yellow squares, with direction of movement indicated with short, orange arrows. EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Storm Cells FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-20 Cell Movement Data On most applicable maps, Cell Movement data is selected for display along with NEXRAD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE SIGMETS AND AIRMETS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SIGMETs (SIGnificant METeorological Information) and AIRMETs (AIRmen’s METeorological Information) are broadcast for potentially hazardous weather considered of extreme importance to all aircraft. A Convective SIGMET is issued for hazardous convective weather. A localized SIGMET is a significant weather condition occurring at a localized geographical position.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW METARS AND TAFS NOTE: Atmospheric pressure as reported for METARs is given in hectopascals (hPa), except for in the United FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS States, where it is reported in inches of mercury (in Hg). Temperatures are reported in Celsius. NOTE: METAR information is only displayed within the installed aviation database service area. EIS METAR (METeorological Aerodrome Report) is the standard format for pre-flight weather briefings.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE 4) Use the FMS Knob or the ENT Key to scroll through the METAR and TAF text. METAR text must be completely scrolled through before scrolling through the TAF text. 5) Press the FMS Knob or the CLR Key to return to the Weather Data Link Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Or: 1) Select the Weather Information Page. a) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Waypoint Page Group. b) Press the WX Softkey to select the Weather Information Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW SURFACE ANALYSIS AND CITY FORECAST NOTE: Surface Analysis and City Forecast data are displayed only within the installed Aviation Database FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS service area. Surface Analysis and City Forecast information is available for current and forecast weather conditions. Forecasts are available for intervals of 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE FREEZING LEVELS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Freezing Level data shows the color-coded contour lines for the altitude and location at which the first isotherm is found (Figure 6-30). When no data is displayed for a given altitude, the data for that altitude has not been received, or is out of date and has been removed from the display. New data appears at the next update.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW WINDS ALOFT Winds Aloft data (Figure 6-32) shows the forecasted wind speed and direction at the surface and at selected altitudes. Altitude can be displayed in 3,000-foot increments up to 42,000 feet MSL. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Displaying Winds Aloft data: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Press the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Press the WIND Softkey. EIS 4) Select the desired altitude level: SFC (surface) up to 42,000 feet.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE COUNTY WARNINGS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS County data (Figure 6-34) provides specific public awareness and protection weather warnings from the National Weather Service (NWS). This can include information on fires, tornadoes, severe thunderstorms, flood conditions, and other natural disasters.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW CYCLONE The Cyclone weather product shows the current location of cyclones (hurricanes) and their projected tracks. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS Cyclone AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 6-36 Cyclone Data Selected for Display HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying cyclone (hurricane) track information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Press the MORE WX Softkey. AFCS 3) Press the CYCLONE Softkey.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.2 AIRBORNE COLOR WEATHER RADAR FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The optional Garmin GWX 68 Airborne Color Weather Radar is a four-color digital pulsed radar with 6.5 kilowatts of output power. It combines excellent range and adjustable scanning profiles with a high-definition target display. The pulse width is four microseconds (µs) on all ranges except the 2.5 nm range.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW NEXRAD AND AIRBORNE WEATHER RADAR FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Both Airborne Weather Radar and NEXRAD measure weather reflectivity in decibels (dB). A decibel is a logarithmic expression of the ratio of two quantities. Airborne Weather Radar measures the ratio of power against the gain of the antenna, while NEXRAD measures the energy reflected back to the radar, or the radar reflectivity ratio.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE RADAR SIGNAL ATTENUATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The phenomenon of radar signal attenuation affects the operation of weather radar. When the radar signal is transmitted, it is progressively absorbed and scattered, making the signal weaker. This weakening, or attenuation, is caused by two primary sources, distance and precipitation.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW RADAR SIGNAL REFLECTIVITY PRECIPITATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Precipitation or objects more dense than water, such as the surface of the earth or solid structures, are detected by the weather radar. The weather radar does not detect clouds, thunderstorms, or turbulence directly. It detects precipitation associated with clouds, thunderstorms, and turbulence. The best radar signal reflectors are raindrops, wet snow, or wet hail.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE GROUND RETURNS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The intensity of ground target returns depends upon the angle at which the radar beam strikes the ground target (Angle of Incidence) and the reflective properties of that target. The gain can be adjusted so shorelines, rivers, lakes, and cities are well-defined. Increasing the gain too much causes the display to fill in between targets, thus obscuring some landmarks. EIS Cities normally provide a strong return signal.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW SAFE OPERATING DISTANCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The following information establishes a minimum safe distance from the antenna for personnel near operating weather radar. The minimum safe distance is based on the FCC’s exposure limit at 9.3 to 9.5 GHz for general population/uncontrolled environments, which is 1 mW/cm2. See Advisory Circular 20-68B for more information on safe distance determination.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE PRACTICAL APPLICATION USING THE BASIC TILT SETUP FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS With the antenna tilt set as previously described, any displayed target return should be scrutinized when flying at altitudes between 2,000 and 30,000 feet AGL. If the displayed target advances on the screen to within 5 nautical miles of the aircraft, avoid it. This may be either weather or ground returns that are 2,000 feet or less below the aircraft.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW WEATHER MAPPING AND INTERPRETATION WEATHER DISPLAY INTERPRETATION Black Green Yellow Red Magenta < 23 dBZ 23 dBZ to < 32 dBZ 32 dBZ to < 41 dBZ 41 dBZ to < 50 dBZ 50 dBZ and greater Approximate Precipitation Rate (in/hr.) < .01. .01 - 0.1. 0.1 - 0.5 0.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Along squall lines (multiple cells or clusters of cells in a line) individual cells may be in different stages of development. Areas between closely spaced, intense targets may contain developing clouds not having enough moisture to produce a return. However, these areas could have strong updrafts or downdrafts. Targets showing wide areas of green are generally precipitation without severe turbulence.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW In areas of multiple heavy cells, use the Vertical Scan feature along with antenna tilt management to examine the areas. Remember to avoid shadowed areas behind targets. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS The Large Storm Behind AUDIO PANEL & CNS The Blind Alley at Close Range Figure 6-46 The Blind Alley FLIGHT MANAGEMENT TORNADOES There are no conclusive radar target return characteristics which identify a tornado.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Hail shafts are associated with the same radar target return characteristics as tornados. U-shaped cloud edges three to seven miles across can also indicate hail. These target returns appear quite suddenly along any edge of the cell outline. They also change in intensity and shape in a matter of seconds, making vigilant monitoring essential. OPERATION IN WEATHER MODE EIS WARNING: Begin transmitting only when it is safe to do so.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Displaying weather on the Weather Radar Page: 1) Select the Weather Radar Page in the Map Page Group with the FMS Knob. 2) Press the MODE Softkey. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) While on the ground, press the STANDBY Softkey. A one-minute warm-up period is initiated (countdown is displayed on the screen). After the warm-up is complete, the radar enters the Standby Mode. a) Press the WEATHER Softkey. A confirmation window is displayed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Vertically scanning a storm cell: NOTE: Vertical scanning of a storm cell should be done with the aircraft wings level to avoid constant FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS adjustment of the Bearing Line. 1) While in the Horizontal Scan view, press the BRG Softkey. This places the cursor in the BEARING field and displays the Bearing Line. If the Bearing Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select Show Bearing Line. Press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 6-50 Vertical Scan Display FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ADJUSTING ANTENNA TILT ANGLE HAZARD AVOIDANCE In order to make an accurate interpretation of a storm cell, the radar beam should be pointed at the wet part of the weather cell to record the proper rainfall intensity (color level). The ideal aiming point is just below the freezing level of the storm. The best way to find this point is to use the Vertical Scan feature.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Adjusting antenna tilt on the Vertical Scan display: 1) Press the TILT Softkey to activate the cursor in the TILT field and display the Tilt Line. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If the Tilt Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select Show Tilt Line. Press the ENT Key. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to adjust the antenna tilt angle. The selected tilt angle is implemented when Horizontal Scan is selected again.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADJUSTING GAIN WARNING: Changing the gain in weather mode causes precipitation intensity to be displayed as a color FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS not representative of the true intensity. Remember to return the gain setting to Calibrated for viewing the actual intensity of precipitation. 1) Press the GAIN Softkey to activate the cursor in the GAIN field. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to adjust the gain for the desirable level.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE SECTOR SCAN FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) While in horizontal scan mode, press the BRG Softkey to display the Bearing Line and place the cursor in the BEARING field. If the Bearing Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select Show Bearing Line. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS 2) Press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 6-54 40˚ Sector Scan FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ANTENNA STABILIZATION 1) To activate or deactivate the antenna stabilization, press the MODE Softkey. 2) Press the STAB ON Softkey to activate antenna stabilization or press the STAB OFF Softkey to deactivate. The current stabilization condition is shown in the upper right of the weather radar display. HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES INDEX 190-00749-00 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE WATCH® (WEATHER ATTENUATED COLOR HIGHLIGHT) AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WATCH® identifies deceptively strong or unknown intensity parts of a storm. While in horizontal scan mode, this feature can be used as a tool to determine areas of possible inaccuracies in displayed intensity due to weakening of the radar energy. This weakening is known as attenuation.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW WEATHER ALERT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Weather Alert feature indicates the presence of heavy precipitation between the ranges of 80 and 320 nm regardless of the currently displayed range. Weather Alert targets appear as red bands along the outer range ring at the approximate azimuth of the detected returns. If a Weather Alert is detected within ±10° of the aircraft heading, an alert is displayed on the PFD in the Messages Window.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE GROUND MAPPING AND INTERPRETATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A secondary use of the weather radar system is for the presentation of terrain. This can be a useful tool for verifying aircraft position. A picture of the ground is represented much like a topographical map that can be used as a supplement to the navigation map on the MFD. EIS Ground Map mode uses a different gain range than Weather mode. Different colors are also used to represent the intensity levels.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW 6.3 WX-500 STORMSCOPE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The optional Stormscope system is not intended for hazardous thunderstorm penetration. Weather information on the G1000 MFD is approved for weather avoidance only. Refer to the WX-500 User’s Guide for a detailed description of Stormscope operation. NOTE: L-3 STORMSCOPE® WX-500 Lightning and GDL 69/69A XM® Satellite Weather Lightning are mutually exclusive.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • STRMSCP SMBL – Selects the range at which Stormscope data displays. Stormscope data is removed when a map range greater than the STRMSCP SMBL value is selected. AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Figure 6-58 Page Menu ADDITIONAL FEATURES Figure 6-59 Map Setup Menu CELL AND STRIKE MODE ON THE NAVIGATION MAP APPENDICES On the Navigation Map, cell mode identifies cells of lightning activity (Figure 6-60).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5) Turn the large FMS Knob to select ‘STRMSCP MODE’. 6) Turn the small FMS Knob to change between ‘CELL’ and ‘STRIKE’ options. When an item is selected, press the ENT Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 7) Press the FMS knob to return to the Navigation Map Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE ZOOM RANGE ON THE NAVIGATION MAP FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Stormscope lightning data can be displayed up to 800 nm zoom range (in North up mode) on the Navigation Map Page. However, in the track up mode at the 500 nm range, a portion of Stormscope lightning data can be behind the aircraft and therefore not visible on the Navigation Map.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW SELECTING THE STORMSCOPE PAGE Stormscope lightning data can be displayed at the ranges of 25 nm, 50 nm, 100 nm, and 200 nm. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Adjusting the Stormscope Map Range: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Stormscope Page. 3) To change the map range, turn the RANGE Knob clockwise to zoom out or counter-clockwise to zoom in.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.4 TERRAIN PROXIMITY FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: Do not use Terrain Proximity information for primary terrain avoidance. Terrain Proximity is intended only to enhance situational awareness. NOTE: Terrain data is not displayed when the aircraft latitude is greater than 75° North or 60° South. AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS G1000 Terrain Proximity is a terrain awareness system that does not comply with TSO-C151b certification standards.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW DISPLAYING TERRAIN PROXIMITY DATA FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The symbols and colors in Figure 6-64 and Table 6-6 are used to represent obstacles and aircraft altitude when the Terrain Proximity Page is selected for display. Terrain Proximity uses black, yellow, and red to represent terrain information relative to aircraft altitude. The color of each obstacle is associated with the altitude of the aircraft.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Terrain data can be selected for display independently of obstacle data; however, obstacles recognized by Terrain Proximity as yellow or red are shown when terrain is selected for display and the map range is within the setting limit. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Maps besides the Terrain Proximity Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page. The maximum display ranges for obstacles on each map are dependent on the range setting made for the Navigation Map.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Additional information about obstacles can be displayed by panning over the display on the map. The map panning feature is enabled by pressing the RANGE Knob. The map range is adjusted by turning the RANGE Knob. If the map range is adjusted while panning is enabled, the map is re-centered on the Map Pointer.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Showing/hiding aviation information on the Terrain Proximity Page: 1) Press the MENU Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Select ‘Show Aviation Data’ or ‘Hide Aviation Data’ (choice dependent on current state) and press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW 6.5 TERRAIN AWARENESS AND WARNING SYSTEM (TAWS) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: Do not use TAWS information for primary terrain avoidance. TAWS is intended only to enhance situational awareness. NOTE: The data contained in the TAWS databases comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately processes and cross-validates the data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE DISPLAYING TAWS DATA AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS TAWS uses yellow (caution) and red (warning) to depict terrain and obstacles (with heights greater than 200 feet above ground level, AGL) alerts relative to aircraft altitude. Colors are adjusted automatically as the aircraft altitude changes. The colors and symbols in Figure 6-71 and Table 6-7 are used to represent terrain, obstacles, and potential impact points.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Terrain data can be selected for display independently of obstacle data; however, obstacles for which warnings and cautions are issued are shown when terrain is selected for display and the map range is within the setting limit. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Maps besides the TAWS Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page. The maximum display ranges for obstacles on each map are dependent on the range setting made for the Navigation Map.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS PAGE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The TAWS Page is specialized to show terrain, obstacle, and potential impact point data in relation to the aircraft’s current altitude, without clutter from the basemap. Aviation data (airports, VORs, and other NAVAIDs) can be displayed for reference. If an obstacle and the projected flight path of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically zooms in to the closest potential point of impact on the TAWS Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Yellow Terrain (Caution - Terrain Between 100’ and 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Red Terrain (Warning - Terrain Above or Within 100’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) EIS Black Terrain (Terrain More than 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Map Range Rings AUDIO PANEL & CNS Terrain Legend FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 6-75 TAWS Page Yellow Terrain (Caution - Terrain Between 100’ and 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Map Range Arc HAZARD AVOIDANCE Red
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS ALERTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within TAWS software algorithms. TAWS alerts typically employ a CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level, or both. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed and aural alerts are simultaneously issued. Table 6-8 shows TAWS alert types with corresponding annunciations and aural messages. When an alert is issued, annunciations appear on the PFD and MFD.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE PFD/MFD Alert Annunciation MFD Pop-Up Alert Aural Message Excessive Descent Rate Warning (EDR) “Pull Up” or or * Reduced Required Terrain Clearance Caution (RTC) Imminent Terrain Impact Caution (ITI) “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead”* or “Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain” * “Obstacle Ahead; Obstacle Ahead”* or “Caution, Obstacle; Caution, Obstacle” * “Obstacle Ahead; Obstacle Ahead”* or “Caution, Obstacle; Caution, Obstacle” or Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance Caution (ROC)
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE EXCESSIVE DESCENT RATE ALERT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The purpose of the Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) alert is to provide suitable notification when the aircraft is determined to be closing (descending) upon terrain at an excessive speed. Figure 6-79 shows the parameters for the alert as defined by TSO-C151b.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW FORWARD LOOKING TERRAIN AVOIDANCE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Reduced Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) and Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) alerts are issued when the aircraft flight path is above terrain, yet is projected to come within the minimum clearance values in Table 6-9. When an RTC alert is issued, a potential impact point is displayed on the TAWS Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW PREMATURE DESCENT ALERTING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HAZARD AVOIDANCE PDA alerting begins when the aircraft is within 15 nm of the destination airport and ends when the aircraft is either 0.5 nm from the runway threshold OR is at an altitude of 125 feet AGL while within 1.0 nm of the threshold. During the final descent, algorithms set a threshold for alerting based on speed, distance, and other parameters.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW FIVE-HUNDRED AURAL ALERT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The purpose of the aural alert message “Five-hundred” is to provide an advisory alert that the aircraft is 500 feet above terrain. When the aircraft descends within 500 feet of terrain, the aural message “Five-hundred” is generated. There are no display annunciations or pop-up alerts that accompany the aural message.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM STATUS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS During G1000 power-up, TAWS conducts a self-test of its aural and visual annunciations. The system test can also be manually initiated. An aural alert is issued at test completion. TAWS System Testing is disabled when ground speed exceeds 30 knots.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW 6.6 TRAFFIC ADVISORY SYSTEM (TAS) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Refer to the Honeywell KTA 870 Pilot’s Guide for a detailed discussion of the KTA 870 TAS. TAS SYMBOLOGY The optional Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is designed to help in detection and avoidance of other aircraft. TAS uses an on-board interrogator-processor and the Mode S transponder for the air-to-air traffic data link. Traffic is displayed according to TCAS symbology using four different symbols.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HAZARD AVOIDANCE The STANDBY Softkey forces the unit into Standby Mode. The NORMAL softkey allows the KTA 870 to switch from Standby Mode to Operating Mode as necessary. The unit must be in operating mode for traffic to be displayed. The ability to switch from standby to operating mode on the ground is especially useful for scanning the airspace around the airport before takeoff.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW Displaying traffic on the Traffic Map Page: 1) Use the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group. 2) Use the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Map Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3) Press the NORMAL Softkey to begin displaying traffic. OPERATING is displayed in the Traffic mode field. 4) Press the ALT MODE Softkey to change the altitude volume. 5) Press the STANDBY Softkey to place the system in the Standby mode. STANDBY is displayed in the Traffic mode field.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Traffic Advisory FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Proximity Traffic EIS Non-Threat Traffic AUDIO PANEL & CNS TA Off Scale Banner Non-Bearing Traffic Advisories FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 6-85 TAS Traffic on Navigation Map Displaying traffic information (PFD Inset Map): 1) Press the INSET Softkey. HAZARD AVOIDANCE 2) Press the TRAFFIC Softkey to display traffic data. 3) Press the TRFC-1 Softkey to display a dedicated traffic-only inset similar to the MFD Traffic Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW ALTITUDE DISPLAY Changing the altitude display mode: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) On the Traffic Page, press the ALT MODE Softkey. 2) Press one of the following Softkeys: BELOW • NORMAL • ABOVE • UNREST (unrestricted) EIS • 3) To return to the Traffic Page, press the BACK Softkey. AUDIO PANEL & CNS Or: 1) Press the MENU Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE Customizing the traffic display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-86). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-87). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll though the selections (Figure 6-88).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM OVERVIEW TAS ALERTS NOTE: Refer to the KTA 870 documentation for information on alerts generated by the TAS equipment. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When the number of TAs on the Traffic Map Page increases from one scan to the next, the following occur: • A “Traffic, Traffic” voice alert is generated when the first TA is displayed. • A TRAFFIC Annunciation appears at the top right of the airspeed on the PFD, flashing for 5 seconds and remaining displayed until no TAs are detected in the area.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW HAZARD AVOIDANCE If the unit fails, an annunciation as to the cause of the failure is shown in the center of the Traffic Map Page.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 7 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The approved Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) always supersedes this Pilot’s Guide. The GFC 700 is a digital Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS), fully integrated within the G1000 System avionics architecture. The System Overview section provides a block diagram to support this system description.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.1 AFCS CONTROLS The AFCS Control Unit is positioned above the MFD, and has the following controls: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1 2 3 Selects/deselects Heading Select Mode NAV Key FD Key Selects/deselects Navigation Mode Activates/deactivates the flight director only Pressing once turns on the selected flight director in the default vertical and lateral modes. Pressing again deactivates the flight director and removes the Command Bars.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL AFCS CONTROLS The following controls used for the AFCS are located in the cockpit separately from the AFCS Control Unit: An AP DISC Switch is located on each control wheel. This switch may be used to acknowledge an autopilot disconnect alert and mute the associated aural tone.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.2 FLIGHT DIRECTOR OPERATION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The flight director function provides pitch and roll commands to the AFCS and displays them on the PFDs. With the flight director active, the aircraft can be hand-flown to follow the path shown by the Command Bars. Maximum commanded pitch (-15º, +20º) and roll (22º) angles, vertical acceleration, and roll rate are limited to values established during AFCS certification.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW AFCS STATUS BOX Lateral Modes Yaw Autopilot Damper Status Status FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight director mode annunciations are displayed on the PFDs when the flight director is active. Flight director selection and autopilot and yaw damper statuses are shown in the center of the AFCS Status Box. Lateral flight director modes are displayed on the left and vertical on the right. Armed modes are displayed in white and active in green.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLIGHT DIRECTOR MODES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight director modes are normally selected independently for the pitch and roll axes. Unless otherwise specified, all mode keys are alternate action (i.e., press on, press off). In the absence of specific mode selection, the flight director reverts to the default pitch and/or roll modes(s).
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW COMMAND BARS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Upon activation of the flight director, Command Bars are displayed in magenta on the PFDs as single cues. The Command Bars do not override the Aircraft Symbol. The Command Bars move together vertically to indicate pitch commands and bank left or right to indicate roll commands.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.3 VERTICAL MODES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Table 7-2 lists the vertical modes with their corresponding controls and annunciations. The mode reference is displayed next to the active mode annunciation for Altitude Hold, Vertical Speed, and Flight Level Change modes. The NOSE UP/DN Wheel can be used to change the vertical mode reference while operating under Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, or Flight Level Change Mode.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW PITCH HOLD MODE (PIT) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When the flight director is activated (the FD Key is pressed) or switched (the XFR Key is pressed), Pitch Hold Mode is selected by default. Pitch Hold Mode is indicated as the active vertical mode by the ‘PIT’ annunciation. This mode may be used for climb or descent to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter), since Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed when Pitch Hold Mode is activated.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SELECTED ALTITUDE CAPTURE MODE (ALTS) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed with activation of the following modes: • Pitch Hold • Go Around • Vertical Speed • Vertical Path Tracking (if the Selected Altitude is to be captured instead of the VNV Target Altitude) • Flight Level Change EIS The white ‘ALTS’ annunciation indicates Selected Altitude Capture Mode is armed (see Figure 7-6 for example).
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW ALTITUDE HOLD MODE (ALT) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Altitude Hold Mode can be activated by pressing the ALT Key; the flight director maintains the current aircraft altitude (to the nearest 10 feet) as the Altitude Reference. The flight director’s Altitude Reference, shown in the AFCS Status Box, is independent of the Selected Altitude, displayed above the Altimeter. Altitude Hold Mode active is indicated by a green ‘ALT’ annunciation in the AFCS Status Box.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM VERTICAL SPEED MODE (VS) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In Vertical Speed Mode, the flight director acquires and maintains a Vertical Speed Reference. Current aircraft vertical speed (to the nearest 100 fpm) becomes the Vertical Speed Reference at the moment of Vertical Speed Mode activation.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT LEVEL CHANGE MODE (FLC) NOTE: The Selected Altitude should be set before selecting Flight Level Change Mode. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight Level Change Mode is selected by pressing the FLC Key. This mode acquires and maintains the Airspeed Reference in IAS while climbing or descending to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flight Level Selected Change Mode Airspeed Altitude Capture Active Reference Mode Armed Airspeed Reference FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Airspeed Reference Bug INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 7-10 Flight Level Change Mode (IAS) 360 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-00 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW VERTICAL NAVIGATION MODES (VPTH, ALTV) NOTE: VNV is disabled when parallel track or Dead Reckoning Mode is active. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The Selected Altitude takes precedence over any other vertical constraints. Vertical Navigation (VNV) flight control is available for enroute/terminal cruise and descent operations any time that VNV flight planning is available. Refer to the Flight Management Section for more information on VNV flight plans.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Prior to descent path interception, the Selected Altitude must be set below the current aircraft altitude by at least 75 feet.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW When a descent leg is captured (i.e., vertical deviation becomes valid), Vertical Path Tracking becomes active and tracks the descent profile (Figure 7-13). An altitude capture mode (‘ALTS’ or ‘ALTV’) is armed as appropriate.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC REVERSION TO PITCH HOLD MODE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM • Vertical deviation exceeds 200 feet during an overspeed condition. Several situations can occur while Vertical Path Tracking Mode is active which cause the flight director to revert to Pitch Hold Mode: • Vertical deviation experiences a discontinuity that both exceeds 200 feet in magnitude and results in the vertical deviation exceeding 200 feet in magnitude.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW VNV TARGET ALTITUDE CAPTURE MODE (ALTV) NOTE: Armed VNV Target Altitude and Selected Altitude capture modes are mutually exclusive. However, FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selected Altitude Capture Mode is armed implicitly (not annunciated) whenever VNV Target Altitude Capture Mode is armed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM GLIDEPATH MODE (GP) (WAAS ONLY) NOTE: Pressing the CWS Button while Glidepath Mode is active does not cancel the mode. The autopilot FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS guides the aircraft back to the glidepath upon release of the CWS Button. Glidepath Mode is used to track the WAAS-based glidepath. When Glidepath Mode is armed, ‘GP’ is annunciated in white in the AFCS Status Box.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW GLIDESLOPE MODE (GS) NOTE: Pressing the CWS Button while Glideslope Mode is active does not cancel the mode. The autopilot FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS guides the aircraft back to the glideslope upon release of the CWS Button. Glideslope Mode is available for LOC/ILS approaches to capture and track the glideslope. When Glideslope Mode is armed (annunciated as ‘GS’ in white), LOC Approach Mode is armed as the lateral flight director mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM TAKEOFF (TO) AND GO AROUND (GA) MODES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Go Around and Takeoff modes are coupled pitch and roll modes and are annunciated as both the vertical and lateral modes when active. In these modes, the flight director commands a constant set pitch attitude and keeps the wings level. The GA Switch is used to select both modes. The mode entered by the flight director depends on whether the aircraft is on the ground.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW 7.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM ROLL HOLD MODE (ROL) NOTE: If Roll Hold Mode is activated as a result of a mode reversion, the flight director rolls the wings FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS level. When the flight director is activated or switched, Roll Hold Mode is selected by default. This mode is annunciated as ‘ROL’ in the AFCS Status Box. The current aircraft bank angle is held, subject to the bank angle condition.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW HEADING SELECT MODE (HDG) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Heading Select Mode is activated by pressing the HDG Key. Heading Select Mode acquires and maintains the Selected Heading. The Selected Heading is shown by a light blue bug on the HSI and in the box to the upper left of the HSI. CHANGING THE SELECTED HEADING NOTE: Pressing the HDG Knob synchronizes the Selected Heading to the current heading.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM NAVIGATION MODE (GPS, VOR, LOC) NOTE: The selected navigation receiver must have a valid VOR or LOC signal or active GPS course for the FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS flight director to enter Navigation Mode. EIS Pressing the NAV Key selects Navigation Mode. Navigation Mode acquires and tracks the selected navigation source (GPS, VOR, LOC). The flight director follows GPS roll steering commands when GPS is the selected navigation source.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW CHANGING THE SELECTED COURSE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If the navigation source is VOR or localizer, or OBS Mode has been enabled when using GPS, the Selected Course is controlled using the CRS Knob corresponding to the selected flight director (CRS1 for the pilot side, CRS2 for the copilot side). Pressing the CWS Button and hand-flying the aircraft does not change the Selected Course while in Navigation Mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM APPROACH MODE (GPS, VAPP, LOC) NOTE: The selected navigation receiver must have a valid VOR or LOC signal or active GPS course for the FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS flight director to enter Approach Mode. EIS Approach Mode is activated when the APR Key is pressed. Approach Mode acquires and tracks the selected navigation source (GPS, VOR, or LOC), depending on loaded approach.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW LOC Approach Mode allows the autopilot to fly a LOC/ILS approach with a glideslope. When LOC Approach Mode is armed, Glideslope Mode is also armed automatically. LOC captures are inhibited if the difference between aircraft heading and localizer course exceeds 105°. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting LOC Approach Mode: 1) Ensure a valid localizer frequency is tuned.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW BACKCOURSE MODE (BC) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Backcourse Mode captures and tracks a localizer signal in the backcourse direction. The mode may be selected by pressing the BC Key. Backcourse Mode is armed if the CDI is greater than one dot when the mode is selected. If the CDI is less than one dot, Backcourse Mode is automatically captured when the BC Key is pressed.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW 7.5 AUTOPILOT AND YAW DAMPER OPERATION NOTE: Refer to the POH for specific instructions regarding emergency procedures. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Cessna Caravan’s autopilot and yaw damper operate the flight control surface servos to provide automatic flight control. The autopilot controls the aircraft pitch and roll attitudes following commands received from the flight director.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM ENGAGEMENT NOTE: Autopilot engagement/disengagement is not equivalent to servo engagement/disengagement. Use FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS the CWS Button to disengage the pitch and roll servos while the autopilot remains active. NOTE: The autopilot cannot be engaged if the yaw damper has failed. EIS When the AP Key is pressed, the autopilot, yaw damper, and flight director (if not already active) are activated.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW DISENGAGEMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The autopilot is manually disengaged by pushing the AP Key on the AFCS Control Unit, the GA Switch, or the MEPT ARM Switch. Manual autopilot disengagement is indicated by a five-second flashing yellow ‘AP’ annunciation and a three-second autopilot disconnect aural alert. Figure 7-31 Manual Autopilot Disengagement EIS Pushing the AP DISC Switch or YD Key disengages both the yaw damper and the autopilot.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.6 EXAMPLE FLIGHT PLAN FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The following example flight plan and diagrams (not to be used for navigation) in this section are for instructional purposes only and should be considered not current. Numbered portions of accompanying diagrams correspond to numbered procedure steps.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW DEPARTURE Climbing to the Selected Altitude and flying an assigned heading: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Before takeoff: a) Use the ALT SEL Knob to set the Selected Altitude to 12,000 feet. b) Push the GA Switch to activate Takeoff Mode. The flight director Command Bars establish a pitch up attitude to follow. EIS 2) In this example, Vertical Speed Mode is used to capture the Selected Altitude (Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, or Flight Level Change Mode may be used).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM HD GM od EIS e AUDIO PANEL & CNS TO M ode 3 Selected Altitude of 12,000 MSL ALT Mode 4 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT KMKC 2 1 M TO VS e Mod ode INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 7-35 Departure 382 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-00 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW INTERCEPTING A VOR RADIAL FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS During climb-out, the autopilot continues to fly the aircraft in Heading Select Mode. Airway V4 to Salina VOR (SLN) should now be intercepted. Since the enroute flight plan waypoints correspond to VORs, flight director Navigation Mode using either VOR or GPS as the navigation source may be used. In this scenario, VOR Navigation Mode is used for navigation to the first VOR waypoint in the flight plan.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLYING A FLIGHT PLAN/GPS COURSE NOTE: Changing the navigation source cancels Navigation Mode and causes the flight director to revert FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS back to Roll Hold Mode (wings rolled level). As the aircraft closes on Salina VOR, GPS is used to navigate the next leg, airway V244. The aircraft is currently tracking inbound on Airway V4.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW DESCENT While flying the arrival procedure, the aircraft is cleared for descent in preparation for the approach to KCOS. Three methods are presented for descent: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Flight Level Change descent – Flight Level Change Mode can be used to descend to the Selected Altitude at a constant airspeed. This descent method does not account for flight plan waypoint altitude constraints.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Vertical Path Tracking descent to VNV Target Altitude: 1) Select VNV flight control: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS a) Press the VNV Key to arm Vertical Path Tracking Mode. The white annunciation ‘VPTH’ appears. b) Using the ALT SEL Knob, set the Selected Altitude below the flight plan’s VNV Target Altitude of 10,000 feet.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW Non-path descent using Flight Level Change Mode: 1) Using Flight Level Change Mode, command a non-path descent to an intermediate altitude above the next VNV flight plan altitude. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS a) Using the ALT SEL Knob, set the Selected Altitude below the current aircraft altitude to an altitude (in this case, 9,400 feet) at which to level off between VNV flight plan altitudes.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM VP TH M od e Planned TOD 2 BOD EIS ALT Mode 1 FL C Selected Altitude of 9,400 MSL M od e VNAV Target Altitude of 10,000 MSL Pla n ne 3 dD esc en ALT Mode tP ath TOD AUDIO PANEL & CNS 4 VP VNAV Target Altitude of 9,000 MSL TH Mo de 5 BOD ALT Mode FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Selected Altitude 3 nm OPSHN HABUK INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 7-40 Non-path Descent 388 Garmin G10
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPROACH Flying an ILS approach: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) Transition from GPS Navigation Mode to Heading Select Mode. a) Select the Runway 35L ILS approach for KCOS and select ‘VECTORS’ for the transition. Load and activate the approach into the flight plan. b) Use the HDG Knob to set the Selected Heading after getting vectors from ATC. c) Press the HDG Key. The autopilot turns the aircraft to the desired heading.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Flying a RNAV GPS approach with vertical guidance: 1) Arm flight director modes for a RNAV GPS approach with vertical guidance: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS a) Make sure the navigation source is set to GPS (use CDI Softkey to change navigation source). b) Select the Runway 35R LPV approach for KCOS. Load and activate the approach into the flight plan. EIS 2) Press the APR Key once clearance for approach has been received.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW GO AROUND/MISSED APPROACH NOTE: As a result of calculations performed by the system while flying the holding pattern, the display may FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS re-size automatically and the aircraft may not precisely track the holding pattern. Flying a missed approach: 1) Push the GA Switch at the Decision height and apply go around power to execute a missed approach. The flight director Command Bars establish a nose-up climb to follow.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM EIS 4 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT GPS NAV Mode AUDIO PANEL & CNS MOGAL 3 2 HAZARD AVOIDANCE GA Mode KCOS AFCS 1 INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES Figure 7-43 Go Around/Missed Approach 392 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-00 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SYSTEM OVERVIEW 7.7 AFCS ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTS AFCS STATUS ALERTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The annunciations in Table 7-5 (listed in order of increasing priority) can appear on the PFDs above the Airspeed and Attitude indicators. Only one annunciation may occur at a time, and messages are prioritized by criticality.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW OVERSPEED PROTECTION FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM While Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, Flight Level Change, Vertical Path Tracking, or an altitude capture mode is active, airspeed is monitored by the flight director. Pitch commands are not changed until overspeed protection becomes active.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 8 ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The availability of SafeTaxi, ChartView, or FliteCharts in electronic form may not preclude the requirement to carry paper charts aboard the aircraft. See AC 120-76A for more information.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Any map page that displays the navigation view can also show the SafeTaxi airport layout within the maximum configured range.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW Configuring SafeTaxi range: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Map Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure 8-2 Navigation Map PAGE MENU, Map Setup Option 3) Turn the FMS Knob to select the Aviation Group and press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the Aviation Group options to SAFETAXI.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES SAFETAXI CYCLE NUMBER AND REVISION HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The SafeTaxi database is revised every 56 days. SafeTaxi is always available for use after the expiration date. When turning on the G1000, the Power-up Page indicates whether the databases are current, out of date, or not available. The Power-up Page shows the SafeTaxi database is current when the SafeTaxi Expires date is shown in white.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The SafeTaxi Region, Version, Cycle, Effective date and Expires date of the database cycle can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. SafeTaxi information appears in blue and yellow text. The EFFECTIVE date appears in blue when data is current and in yellow when the current date is before the effective date. The EXPIRES date appears in blue when data is current and in yellow when expired (Figures 8-5 and 8-6).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The other three possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown here. The EFFECTIVE date is the beginning date for this database cycle. If the present date is before the effective date, the EFFECTIVE date appears in yellow and the EXPIRES date appears in blue. The EXPIRES date is the revision date for the next database cycle.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW 8.2 CHARTVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ChartView resembles the paper version of Jeppesen terminal procedures charts. The charts are displayed in full color with high-resolution. The MFD depiction shows the aircraft position on the moving map in the plan view of approach charts and on airport diagrams. Airport Hot Spots are outlined in magenta. The ChartView database subscription is available from Jeppesen, Inc.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES TERMINAL PROCEDURES CHARTS Selecting Terminal Procedures Charts: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airport Page, or Flight Plan Page, press the SHW CHRT Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu to Show Chart. HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS 3) Press the ENT Key to display the chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW If there is a problem in rendering the data (such as a data error or a failure of an individual chart), the banner UNABLE TO DISPLAY CHART is then displayed. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Figure 8-10 Unable To Display Chart Banner When a chart is not available by pressing the SHW CHRT Softkey or selecting a Page Menu Option, charts may be obtained for other airports from the WPT Pages or Flight Plan Pages.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selecting a chart: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ADDITIONAL FEATURES 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Flight Plan Page, or Nearest Airports Page, press the SHW CHRT Softkey. The airport diagram or approach chart is displayed on the Airport Information Page. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to select either the Airport Identifier Box or the Approach Box. (Press the APR Softkey if the Approach Box is not currently shown).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the CHRT Softkey switches between the ChartView diagram and the associated map in the WPT page group. In the example shown, the CHRT Softkey switches between the DeKalb Peachtree (KPDK) Airport Diagram and the navigation map on the WPT – Airport Information page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the INFO Softkey returns to the airport diagram when the view is on a different chart. If the displayed chart is the airport diagram, the INFO Softkey has no effect. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The aircraft position is shown in magenta on the ChartView diagrams when the location of the aircraft is within the chart boundaries. In the example shown, the aircraft is taxiing on Taxiway Alpha on the Charlotte, NC (KCLT) airport.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW In the example shown in Figure 8-13, the Class B Chart is selected. Pressing the ENT Key displays the Charlotte Class B Airspace Chart (Figure 8-14). FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-14 Airport Information Page, Class B Chart Selected from INFO View HAZARD AVOIDANCE Pressing the DP Softkey displays the Departure Procedure Chart if available.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the STAR Softkey displays the Standard Terminal Arrival Chart if available. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Chart Not To Scale AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS Change Range and Scroll Through the Chart With the Joystick FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Aircraft Not Shown Icon Figure 8-16 Arrival Information Page APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Pressing the APR Softkey displays the approach chart for the airport if available.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the WX Softkey shows the airport weather frequency information, and includes weather data such as METAR and TAF from the XM Data Link Receiver, when available. Weather information is available only when an XM Data Link Receiver is installed and the XM Weather subscription is current.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: A subdued softkey label indicates the function is disabled. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Recent NOTAMS applicable to the current ChartView cycle are included in the ChartView database. Pressing the NOTAM Softkey shows the local NOTAM information for selected airports, when available. When NOTAMS are not available, the NOTAM Softkey label appears subdued and is disabled as shown in Figure 8-18.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Local NOTAM on This Airport EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NOTAM Softkey Selected Figure 8-20 Airport Information Page, Local NOTAMs Pressing the NOTAM Softkey again removes the NOTAMS information. HAZARD AVOIDANCE Pressing the GO BACK Softkey reverts to the previous page (Navigation Map Page, Nearest Pages, or Flight Plan Page).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHART OPTIONS Pressing the CHRT OPT Softkey displays the next level of softkeys, the chart options level (Figure 8-7). AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Pressing the ALL Softkey shows the entire approach chart on the screen.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the HEADER Softkey shows the header view (approach chart briefing strip) on the screen. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS Approach Chart Briefing Strip AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-22 Approach Information Page, Header View HAZARD AVOIDANCE Pressing the PLAN Softkey shows the approach chart two dimensional plan view.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Pressing the PROFILE Softkey displays the approach chart descent profile strip. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS Approach Chart Descent Profile Strip Figure 8-24 Approach Information Page, Profile View, Full Screen Width ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Pressing the MINIMUMS Softkey displays the minimum descent altitude/visibility strip at the bottom of the approach chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the chart scale has been adjusted to view a small area of the chart, pressing the FIT WIDTH Softkey changes the chart size to fit the available screen width.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the FULL SCN Softkey alternates between removing and replacing the data window to the right. Selecting Additional Information: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) While viewing the Airport Taxi Diagram, press the FULL SCN Softkey to display the information windows (AIRPORT, INFO). 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the AIRPORT, INFO, RUNWAYS, or FREQUENCIES Box (INFO Box shown).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW The full screen view can also be selected by using the page menu option. Selecting full screen On or Off: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Chart Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to move between the FULL SCREEN and COLOR SCHEME Options. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to choose between the On and Off Full Screen Options.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES DAY/NIGHT VIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ChartView can be displayed on a white or black background for day or night viewing. The Day View offers a better presentation in a bright environment. The Night View gives a better presentation for viewing in a dark environment. When the CHART SETUP Box is selected the G1000 softkeys are blank. Selecting Day, Night, or Automatic View: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-30 Arrival Information Page, Day View HAZARD AVOIDANCE AFCS ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES Figure 8-31 Arrival Information Page, Night View INDEX 190-00749-00 Rev B Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 419
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHARTVIEW CYCLE NUMBER AND EXPIRATION DATE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The ChartView database is revised every 14 days. Charts are still viewable during a period that extends from the cycle expiration date to the disabled date. ChartView is disabled 70 days after the expiration date and is no longer available for viewing upon reaching the disabled date. When turning on the G1000, the Power-up Page indicates any of nine different possible criteria for ChartView availability.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Examples of four possible Power-up Page conditions are shown here. ChartView Disables plus a date in white, indicates chart data is current. This indication for normal operation shows how long the charts may be viewed. Chart data update available. in white, indicates the chart data cycle has expired within the past week and the next chart cycle is available.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: A subdued softkey label indicates the function is disabled. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The ChartView time critical information can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. The database CYCLE number, EXPIRES, and DISABLES dates of the ChartView subscription appear in either blue or yellow text. When the ChartView EXPIRES date is reached, ChartView becomes inoperative 70 days later. This is shown as the DISABLES date.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW The other three possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown here. The EXPIRES date, in yellow, is the revision date for the next database cycle. The DISABLES date, in yellow, is the date that this database cycle is no longer viewable. REGION and CYCLE NOT AVAILABLE in blue, indicate that no ChartView data is available on the database card or no database card is inserted.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.3 FLITECHARTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FliteCharts resemble the paper version of National Aeronautical Charting Office (NACO) terminal procedures charts. The charts are displayed with high-resolution and in color for applicable charts. FliteCharts database subscription is available from Garmin.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW TERMINAL PROCEDURES CHARTS Selecting Terminal Procedures Charts: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airport Page, or Flight Plan Page, press the SHW CHRT Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu to Show Chart. EIS 3) Press the ENT Key to display the chart.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If there is a problem in rendering the data (such as a data error or a failure of an individual chart), the banner UNABLE TO DISPLAY CHART is then displayed. Figure 8-38 Unable To Display Chart Banner EIS The chart shown is one associated with the WPT – Airport Information page. Usually this is the airport runway diagram. Where no runway diagram exists, but Take Off Minimums or Alternate Minimums are available, that page appears.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selecting a chart: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Flight Plan Page, or Nearest Airports Page, press the SHW CHRT Softkey. The airport diagram or approach chart is displayed on the Airport Information Page. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to select either the Airport Identifier Box or the Approach Box. (Press the APR Softkey if the Approach Box is not currently shown).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Pressing the CHRT Softkey alternates between the FliteCharts diagram and the associated map in the WPT page group. In the example shown, the CHRT Softkey switches between the Charlotte, NC (KCLT) Airport Diagram and the navigation map on the WPT – Airport Information page.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the INFO Softkey returns to the airport diagram when the view is on a different chart. If the displayed chart is the airport diagram, the INFO Softkey has no effect. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Another source for additional airport information is from the INFO Box above the chart (Figure 8-39) or to the right of the chart (Figure 8-41) for certain airports. This information source is not related to the INFO Softkey.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS In the example shown in Figure 8-41, TAKE OFF MINIMUMS is selected. Pressing the ENT Key displays the Take-off Minimums and Departure Procedures Chart (Figure 8-42). HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 8-42 Airport Information Page, TAKE OFF MINIMUMS Selected from INFO View INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS Pressing the DP Softkey displays the Departure Procedure Chart if available.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the STAR Softkey displays the Standard Terminal Arrival Chart if available. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 8-44 Arrival Information Page Pressing the APR Softkey displays the approach chart for the airport if available.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the WX Softkey shows the airport weather frequency information, when available, and includes weather data such as METAR and TAF from the XM Data Link Receiver. Weather information is available only when an XM Data Link Receiver is installed and the XM Weather subscription is current. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting Additional Information: 1) While viewing the Airport Taxi Diagram, press the WX Softkey to display the information windows (AIRPORT, INFO).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW CHART OPTIONS Pressing the CHRT OPT Softkey displays the next level of softkeys, the chart options level (Figure 8-35). Pressing the ALL Softkey shows the entire chart on the screen.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Pressing the FIT WIDTH Softkey fits the width of the chart in the display viewing area. In the example shown, the chart at close range is replaced with the full width chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pressing the FULL SCN Softkey alternates between removing and replacing the data window to the right. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE Press FULL SCN Softkey to Switch Between Chart on Full Screen and Chart with Info Window AFCS Figure 8-49 Airport Information Page, Full Screen and Info Window ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the BACK Softkey, or waiting for 45 seconds reverts to the chart selection softkeys.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES The full screen view can also be selected by using the page menu option. Selecting full screen On or Off: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Chart Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to move between the FULL SCREEN and COLOR SCHEME Options.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW DAY/NIGHT VIEW FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FliteCharts can be displayed on a white or black background for day or night viewing. The Day View offers a better presentation in a bright environment. The Night View gives a better presentation for viewing in a dark environment. When the CHART SETUP Box is selected the G1000 softkeys are blank. Selecting Day, Night, or Automatic View: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 8-52 Approach Information Page, Day View INDEX Figure 8-53 Approach Information Page, Night View 438 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-00 Rev B
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW FLITECHARTS CYCLE NUMBER AND EXPIRATION DATE Definition Blank Line. G1000 system is not configured for FliteCharts. Contact a Garmin-authorized service center for configuration. System is configured for FliteCharts but no chart database is installed. Refer to Updating Garmin Databases in Appendix B for the FliteCharts database Normal operation. FliteCharts database is valid and within current cycle.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES Examples of four possible Power-up Page messages are shown here. FliteCharts Expires plus a date in white, indicates the chart database is current. Chart data is out of date! in yellow, indicates charts are still viewable, but approaching the disable date.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW NOTE: A subdued softkey label indicates the function is disabled. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS FliteCharts time critical information can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. The FliteCharts database REGION, CYCLE number, EFFECTIVE, EXPIRES, and DISABLES dates of the subscription appear in either blue or yellow text. Dates shown in blue are current data. Dates shown in yellow indicate the data is not within the current subscription period.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The other three possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown here. The EXPIRES date, in yellow, is the revision date for the next database cycle. The DISABLES date, in yellow, is the date that this database cycle is no longer viewable. REGION and CYCLE NOT AVAILABLE in blue, indicate that FliteCharts database is not available on the database card or no database card is inserted.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW 8.4 XM RADIO ENTERTAINMENT FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: Refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section for information about XM Weather products. The optional XM Radio entertainment feature of the GDL 69A Data Link Receiver is available for the pilot’s and passengers’ enjoyment. The GDL 69A can receive XM Satellite Radio® entertainment services at any altitude throughout the Continental U.S. Entertainment audio is not available on the GDL 69 Data Link Receiver.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: The LOCK Softkey on the XM Information Page (Auxiliary Page Group) is used to save GDL 69A FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS activation data when the XM services are initially set up. It is not used during normal XM Radio operation, but there should be no adverse effects if inadvertently pressed during flight. Refer to the GDL 69/69A XM Satellite Radio Activation Instructions (190-00355-04, Rev F or later) for further information.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW USING XM RADIO The XM Radio Page provides information and control of the audio entertainment features of the XM Satellite Radio. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Selecting the XM Radio Page: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Auxiliary Page Group. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the displayed AUX - XM Information Page. 3) Press the RADIO Softkey to show the XM Radio Page where audio entertainment is controlled.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ACTIVE CHANNEL AND CHANNEL LIST FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ADDITIONAL FEATURES The Channels List Box of the XM Radio Page shows a list of the available channels for the selected category. Channels can be stepped through one at a time or may be selected directly by channel number. The Active Channel Box on the XM Radio Page displays the currently selected channel that the XM Radio is using. Selecting a channel from the channel list: 1) While on the XM Radio Page, press the CHNL Softkey.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW CATEGORY FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Category Box of the XM Radio Page displays the currently selected category of audio. Categories of channels such as jazz, rock, or news can be selected to list the available channels for a type of music or other contents. One of the optional categories is PRESETS to view channels that have been programmed. Selecting a category: 1) Press the CATGRY Softkey on the XM Radio Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES PRESETS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Up to 15 channels from any category can be assigned a preset number. The preset channels are selected by pressing the PRESETS and MORE Softkeys. Then the preset channel can be selected directly and added to the channel list for the Presets category.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW 8.5 SCHEDULER FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Scheduler feature can be used to enter and display reminder messages (e.g., Change oil, Switch fuel tanks, or Altimeter-Transponder Check) in the Messages Window on the PFD. Messages can be set to display based on a specific date and time (event), once the message timer reaches zero (one-time; default setting), or recurrently whenever the message timer reaches zero (periodic).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES 9) For event-based messages: a) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired date (DD-MM-YY) and press the ENT Key. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS b) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to the next field. c) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired time (HH:MM) and press the ENT Key. 10) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to enter the next message. Deleting a scheduler message: 1) Select the AUX - Utility Page.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SYSTEM OVERVIEW 8.6 ABNORMAL OPERATION GDL 69/69A DATA LINK RECEIVER TROUBLESHOOTING FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Some quick troubleshooting steps listed below can be performed to find the possible cause of a failure.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL FEATURES If a failure still exists, the following messages may provide insight as to the possible problem: FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message CHECK ANTENNA UPDATING NO SIGNAL LOADING OFF AIR --- Message Location XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field Weather Datalink Page - center of page XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field Description Data Link
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTS NOTE: The Cessna Caravan Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) supersedes information found in this FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS document. The G1000 Alerting System conveys alerts to the pilot using a combination of the following items: EIS • Comparator Window: The Comparator Window displays the sensors discrepency text. The Comparator Window is located below COM2 and to the right of the Vertical Speed Indicator on the display.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Comparator Window EIS Reversionary Sensor Window FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure A-1 Comparator and Sensor Window HAZARD AVOIDANCE System Annunciation Red ‘X’ AFCS Annunciation Window ADDITIONAL FEATURES Alerts Window APPENDICES ALERTS Softkey Annunciation INDEX Figure A-2 Annunciation and Alerting System 454 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-00 Rev.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW ALERT LEVEL DEFINITIONS The G1000 Alerting System, as installed in Cessna Caravan, uses three alert levels. • WARNING: This level of alert requires immediate attention. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Warning alert text is shown in red in the Annunciation Window and is accompanied by a continuous chime and flashing WARNING Softkey annunciation (see Figure A-3). Pressing the WARNING Softkey acknowledges the presence of the warning alert and stops the aural chime.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A COMPARATOR ANNUNCIATIONS The following is a list of the possible annunciations: FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Comparator Window Text Condition Difference in altitude sensors is > 200 ft. ALT MISCOMP If both airspeed sensors detect < 35 kts, this is inhibited. IAS MISCOMP If either airspeed sensor detects > 35 kts, and the difference in sensors is > 10 kts. If either airspeed sensor detects > 80 kts, and the difference in sensors is > 7 kts.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW CARAVAN CAS ALERTS The following alerts are configured specifically for the Cessna Caravan. See the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) for information regarding pilot responses.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A CAUTION ALERTS (CONT.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW G1000 SYSTEM ANNUNCIATIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When a new alert is issued, the ALERTS Softkey will flash to alert the pilot of a new message. It will continue to flash until acknowledged by pressing the softkey. Active alerts are displayed in white text. Alerts that have become inactive will change to gray text. The ALERTS Softkey will flash if the state of a displayed alert changes or a new alert is displayed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A System Annunciation Comment System Annunciation FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Attitude and Heading Reference System is aligning. Display system is not receiving airspeed input from air data computer. EIS Display system is not receiving attitude information from the AHRS. Display system is not receiving vertical speed input from the air data computer. AUDIO PANEL & CNS AHRS calibration incomplete or configuration module failure.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW G1000 SYSTEM MESSAGE ADVISORIES NOTE: This section provides information regarding G1000 message advisories that may be displayed by FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS the system. Knowledge of the aircraft, systems, flight conditions, and other existing operational priorities must be considered when responding to a message. Always use sound pilot judgment. The Cessna Caravan Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) takes precedence over any conflicting guidance found in this section.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A MFD & PFD MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message PFD1 KEYSTK – PFD1 [key name] Key is stuck. PFD2 KEYSTK – PFD2 [key name] Key is stuck. MFD1 KEYSTK – MFD [key name] Key is stuck. CNFG MODULE – PFD1 configuration module is inoperative. PFD1 VOLTAGE – PFD1 has low voltage. Reducing power usage PFD2 VOLTAGE – PFD2 has low voltage. Reducing power usage MFD1 VOLTAGE – MFD1 has low voltage.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW DATABASE MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) The terrain database is present on another LRU, but is missing on the specified LRU. EIS The MFD and/or PFD detected a failure in the obstacle database. Ensure that the data card is properly inserted. Replace data card. If problem persists, The G1000 system should be serviced. AUDIO PANEL & CNS The obstacle database is present on another LRU, but is missing on the specified LRU.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A DATABASE MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message Comments MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 FliteCharts The MFD and/or PFDs detected a failure in the FliteCharts database (optional feature). database error exists. Ensure that the data card is properly inserted. Replace data card. If problem persists, The G1000 system should be serviced. DB MISMATCH – Aviation The PFDs and MFD have different aviation database versions installed.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW GIA 63W MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) The GIA1 and/or GIA2 temperature is too low to operate correctly. Allow units to warm up to operating temperature. The GIA1 and/or GIA2 temperature is too high. If problem persists, the G1000 system should be serviced. EIS The GIA1 and/or GIA2 self-test has detected a problem in the unit. The G1000 system should be serviced. AUDIO PANEL & CNS A GIA mismatch has been detected, where only one is WAAS capable.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A GIA 63W MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message GPS NAV LOST – Loss of GPS navigation. Insufficient satellites. GPS NAV LOST – Loss of GPS navigation. Position error. GPS NAV LOST – Loss of GPS navigation. GPS fail. ABORT APR – Loss of GPS navigation. Abort approach. APR DWNGRADE – Approach downgraded. TRUE APR – True north approach. Change HDG reference to TRUE. GPS1 SERVICE – GPS1 needs service.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW GTX 33 MESSAGE ADVISORIES Comments The transponder configuration settings do not match those of backup configuration memory. The G1000 system should be serviced. The transponder configuration settings do not match those of backup configuration memory. The G1000 system should be serviced. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The transponder has incorrect software installed. The G1000 system should be serviced. The transponder has incorrect software installed. The G1000 system should be serviced.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A GRS 77 MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message AHRS MAG DB – AHRS magnetic model database version mismatch. AHRS1 SRVC – AHRS1 Magneticfield model needs update. AHRS2 SRVC – AHRS2 Magneticfield model needs update. GEO LIMITS – AHRS1 too far North/South, no magnetic compass. GEO LIMITS – AHRS2 too far North/South, no magnetic compass. MANIFEST – GRS1 software mismatch, communication halted.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW GWX 68 ALERT MESSAGES A failure has been detected in the GWX 68. The GWX 68 may still be usable. The GWX 68 has incorrect software installed. The G1000 system should be serviced. EIS GWX SERVICE – GWX needs service. Return unit for repair. MANIFEST – GWX software mismatch, communication halted. Comments GWX 68 configuration settings do not match those of the GDU configuration. The G1000 system should be serviced.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A MISCELLANEOUS MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Message DB CHANGE – Database changed. Verify stored airways. FPL TRUNC – Flight plan has been truncated. EIS LOCKED FPL – Cannot navigate locked flight plan. APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS WPT ARRIVAL – Arriving at waypoint -[xxxx] STEEP TURN – Steep turn ahead. INSIDE ARSPC – Inside airspace. ARSPC AHEAD – Airspace ahead less than 10 minutes.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW MISCELLANEOUS MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) The current crosstrack exceeds the limit, causing vertical deviation to go invalid. A parallel course has been selected, causing the vertical deviation to go invalid. The selected waypoint [xxxx] does not use the WGS 84 datum. Cross-check position with alternate navigation sources. The G1000 is no longer receiving data from the traffic system. The traffic device should be serviced. EIS Stormscope has failed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A AFCS ALERTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS System Status Field Figure A-5 AFCS System Status Field EIS The following alert annunciations appear in the AFCS System Status field on the PFD. HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS Condition Pitch Failure Roll Failure Roll axis control failure. AP is inoperative. MET Switch Stuck, or Pitch Trim Axis Control Failure If annunciated when AP is engaged, take control of the aircraft and disengage the autopilot.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM OVERVIEW TAWS ALERTS Annunciations appear on the PFD and MFD. Pop-up alerts appear only on the MFD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX A TAWS SYSTEM STATUS ANNUNCIATIONS PFD/MFD TAWS Page Annunciation MFD Pop-Up Alert Aural Message TAWS System Test Fail None “TAWS System Failure” TAWS Alerting is disabled None None No GPS position or excessively degraded GPS signal None System Test in progress None “TAWS Not Available” “TAWS Availble” will be heard when sufficient GPS signal is re-established.
APPENDIX B SYSTEM OVERVIEW SD CARD USE FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The G1000 System uses Secure Digital (SD) cards to load and store various types of data. For basic flight operations, SD cards are required for database storage as well as Jeppesen aviation and ChartView database updates. JEPPESEN DATABASES EIS The Jeppesen aviation database is updated on a 28-day cycle. The ChartView database is updated on a 14day cycle.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX B 4) After the update completes, the PFD starts in normal mode. 5) Turn the G1000 System OFF and remove the SD card. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 6) Repeat steps 1 through 4 for the other PFD and the MFD. The MFD and PFD databases are now updated. Remove the SD card when finished. 7) Verify that the correct update cycle is loaded during startup of the MFD.
APPENDIX B SYSTEM OVERVIEW The obstacle database contains data for obstacles, such as towers, that pose a potential hazard to aircraft. Obstacles 200 feet and higher are included in the obstacle database. It is very important to note that not all obstacles are necessarily charted and therefore may not be contained in the obstacle database. This database is updated on a 56-day cycle. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and obstacle databases comes from government agencies.
EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX B AUDIO PANEL & CNS Figure B-4 Database Information on the Splash Screen 3) Acknowledge the Power-up Page agreement by pressing the ENT Key or the right most softkey. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the AUX Page group on the MFD. FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the System Status Page. 6) Press the DBASE Softkey to place the cursor in the ‘DATABASE’ box.
APPENDIX C SYSTEM OVERVIEW GLOSSARY APPENDICES INDEX Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan ADDITIONAL FEATURES CRS CRS CRSR CTA CTRL Cumulative CVR CVRG CWS CYL AFCS 190-00749-00 Rev. B CR CRG CRNT Crosstrack Error HAZARD AVOIDANCE BFO BKSP Course to Steer FLIGHT MANAGEMENT barometric altitude barometric setting battery backcourse The compass direction from the present position to a destination waypoint.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX C FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS D ALT DB, DBASE dBZ DCLTR, DECLTR DEC FUEL deg DEIC, DEICE DEP Desired Track AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS DEST DF DFLT DGRD DH Dilution of Precision FLIGHT MANAGEMENT DIR DIS Distance HAZARD AVOIDANCE DME DOP DP DPRT DR DSBL DTK AFCS E ECU Efficiency APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES EGT EIS ELEV ELEV EMERGCY EMI ENDUR Endurance INDEX ENG ENGD ENR 480 density altitude database decibels ‘Z’ (radar return) declutter decrease fuel degree de-icing departure
APPENDIX C left, left runway latitude label pound Liquid Crystal Display local Light Emitting Diode The amount of fuel remaining on board after the completion of one or more legs of a flight plan or direct-to. INDEX Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan APPENDICES 190-00749-00 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX C FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Left Over Fuel Reserve Leg AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS LIFR LNAV LO LOC LOI LON LPV LRU LT LTNG LVL APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT M m MAG MAG VAR MAHP MAN IN MAN SQ MAP MASQ MAX MAXSPD MDA MET METAR MEPT MFD MGRS MHz MIC MIN Minimum Safe Altitude INDEX MKR MOA MOV mpm MSA MSG MSL 482 The amount of flight time remaining, based on the amount of fuel on board after the completion of one or more legs of a flight plan
APPENDIX C Vertical Speed Required Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan INDEX velocity (airspeed) Heading Vector to Altitude VOR approach variation Heading Vector to DME Distance volts, direct current vertical A measure of the uncertainty in the aircraft’s vertical position. The vertical speed necessary to descend/ climb from a current position and altitude to a defined target position and altitude, based upon current groundspeed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX C VPL VPROF VPTH VR VS VSI VSR VTF Vertical Figure of Merit Visual Flight Rules Very High Frequency Heading Vector to Intercept VOR/Localizer Receiver Heading Vector to Manual Termination Visual Meteorological Conditions vertical navigation volume VHF Omni-directional Range very high frequency omnidirectional range station and tactical air navigation Vertical Protection Level VNV profile, vertical profile VNV path, vertical path Heading Vector to Radial vertical speed Vertical Spee
APPENDIX D SYSTEM OVERVIEW FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If a particular aspect of G1000 operational capability is not addressed by these commonly asked questions or in the index, contact Garmin (see the copyright page or back cover for contact information) or a Garmin-authorized dealer. Garmin is dedicated to supporting its products and customers. WHAT IS WAAS? EIS The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) uses a system of ground stations to correct any GPS signal errors.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX D For RAIM to work correctly, the GPS receiver must track at least five satellites. A minimum of six satellites is required to allow RAIM to eliminate a single corrupt satellite from the navigation solution. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS RAIM ensures that satellite geometry allows for a navigation solution calculation within a specified protection limit (2.0 nm for oceanic and en route, 1.0 nm for terminal, and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches).
APPENDIX D • Manual course change on HSI not possible • Manually select course to waypoint from HSI • Always navigates ‘TO’ the active waypoint • Indicates ‘TO’ or ‘FROM’ waypoint • Must be in this mode for final approach course • Cannot be set for final approach course or published holding patterns FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS OBS • Manual sequencing - ‘holds’ on selected waypoint SYSTEM OVERVIEW Normal (OBS not activated) • Automatic sequencing of waypoints EIS When OBS mode is active, the G1000 allows th
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX D WHEN DOES THE CDI SCALE CHANGE? • When set to ‘Auto’ (default), the GPS CDI scale automatically adjusts to the desired limits based upon the current phase of flight. FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • When a departure procedure is activated, the CDI is scaled for departure (0.3 nm). • The system switches from departure to terminal CDI scaling (1.
APPENDIX D SYSTEM OVERVIEW WHY DOES THE HSI NOT RESPOND LIKE A VOR WHEN OBS MODE IS ACTIVE? FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Unlike a VOR, the CDI scale used on GPS equipment is based on the crosstrack distance to the desired course, not on the angular relationship to the destination. Therefore, the CDI deflection on the GPS is constant regardless of the distance to the destination and does not become less sensitive when further away from the destination.
INDEX APPENDICES ADDITIONAL FEATURES AFCS HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX D BLANK PAGE 490 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Caravan 190-00749-00 Rev.
APPENDIX E SYSTEM OVERVIEW DISPLAY SYMBOLS AIRPORT LINE SYMBOLS Symbol Unknown Airport Item ICAO Control Area Class B Airspace Symbol FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Item Mode C Tower Area Non-towered, Non-serviced Airport Non-towered, Serviced Airport AUDIO PANEL & CNS Towered, Serviced Airport EIS Warning Area Prohibited Area Alert Area Restricted Area Caution Area Training Area Danger Area Unknown Area Class C Terminal Radar Service Area Mode C Area Towered, Non-serviced Airport Military Operations Ar
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX E MISCELLANEOUS STORMSCOPE LIGHTNING STRIKES Item Symbol FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ARTCC Frequency or FSS Frequency Item Symbol Lightning Strike (0-6 sec ago) Lightning Strike (6-20 sec ago) Default Map Pointer Lightning Strike (20-60 sec ago) Elevation Pointer EIS Lightning Strike (60-120 sec ago) TRAFFIC Wind Vector AUDIO PANEL & CNS Item HAZARD AVOIDANCE FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Measuring Pointer Symbol Non-threat Traffic (hollow diamond) Overzoom Indicator Proximity Advi
APPENDIX E SYSTEM OVERVIEW TERRAIN AVOIDANCE COLORS AND SYMBOLS Terrain Above Aircraft Altitude 100 ft Threshold 1000 ft FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Red terrain is above or within 100 ft below the aircraft altitude Aircraft Altitude EIS Terrain Color Terrain Location Yellow terrain is between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude Red (WARNING) Terrain above, or within 100 ft below the aircraft altitude Yellow (CAUTION) Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude Black Black terrai
SYSTEM OVERVIEW APPENDIX E HAZARD AVOIDANCE FEATURES FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS This table identifies the symbols displayed in the lower right corner of PFD or MFD maps to indicate which hazard avoidance features are activated for display.
INDEX 360 HSI ------------------------------------------------------- 58 A EIS AUDIO PANEL & CNS FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HAZARD AVOIDANCE B Backcourse Mode ------------------------------------------376 Backlighting ---------------------------------------------45, 46 Barometric setting, Altimeter---------------------48, 54–55 Bearing/distance, measuring -----------------------------144 Bearing information -------------------------------49, 61–62 Bearing Information windows ---------------------------- 61 Beari
SYSTEM OVERVIEW INDEX AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ChartView plan view --------------------------------------413 ChartView profile view ------------------------------------414 ChartView softkeys ----------------------------------------401 ChartView subscription -----------------------------------422 Chart Not Available--------------------------------- 402, 425 Chart options ---------------------------------------- 412, 433 Chart setup box ------------------------------------- 418, 437 CLD TO
INDEX J Gain ----------------------------------------------------------311 GDC 74A ------------------------------------------------------- 1 GDL 69/69A ---------------------------------------------1, 271 GDU 1040 ----------------------------------------------------- 1 GEA 71 --------------------------------------------------------- 1 Generator speed ----------------------------------- 87, 88, 90 GFC 700 -----------------------------------------------------347 GIA 63 ----------------------------------------
SYSTEM OVERVIEW INDEX AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Navigation source ------------------------------------- 63–65 Navigation Status Box ------------------------------------- 48 NAV frequency box ----------------------------------------- 95 Nav radio selection ----------------------------------------107 Nearest Airports --------------------------------------- 41, 178–181 VOR ------------------------------------------------ 178–179 Nearest Airport ------------------- 164, 165, 166, 167, 231 Mi
INDEX U TA ------------------------------------------------------------458 Takeoff Mode -----------------------------------------------368 TAS -------------- 306, 307, 309, 310, 311, 312, 458, 467 TAWS ------------------------------------------- 331, 473, 474 TAWS annunciations --------------------------------------- 77 Temperature, Interstage Turbine ----------------------87, 90 Temperature, oil --------------------------------------------- 87 Temperature, Outside Air (OAT)--------------------------- 71
SYSTEM OVERVIEW INDEX W AUDIO PANEL & CNS EIS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WAAS ------------------------------------------- 241, 380, 465 WAAS precision approach --------------------------------390 WARNING ---------------------------------------------------455 Warning alerts ----------------------------------------------457 Warranty -------------------------------------------------------- i WATCH ----------------------------------------------- 314, 315 Waypoint Automatic sequencing ------------------------------
G1000 ® Integrated Flight Deck Pilot’s Guide ® G1000 Pilot’s Guide Garmin International, Inc. 1200 East 151st Street Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A. p:913.397.8200 f:913.397.8282 Garmin (Europe) Ltd. Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road Houndsdown Business Park Southampton, SO40 9RB, U.K. p:44/0870.8501241 f:44/0870.8501251 Garmin Corporation No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan p:886/02.2642.9199 f:886/02.2642.9099 www.garmin.com Cessna Caravan Garmin AT, Inc.
