G1000 ® Integrated Flight Deck Pilot’s Guide TBM 850 & TBM 900
Copyright © 2007, 2009-2012, 2014 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. This manual reflects the operation of System Software version 0719.12 or later for the Socata TBM 850/900. Some differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software versions. Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A. Tel: 913/397.8200 Fax: 913/397.8282 Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Road SE, Salem, OR 97302, U.S.A.
LIMITED WARRANTY LIMITED WARRANTY Within the warranty period, Garmin will, at its sole discretion, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts and/or labor incidental to the direct repair of said product. Garmin may, at its discretion with prior approval, reimburse an authorized Garmin Service Center for associated labor costs incurred for removal and replacement of the panel mount product installed in an aircraft.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES WARNING: Navigation and terrain separation must NOT be predicated upon the use of the terrain avoidance feature. The terrain avoidance feature is NOT intended to be used as a primary reference for terrain avoidance and does not relieve the pilot from the responsibility of being aware of surroundings during flight. The terrain avoidance feature is only to be used as an aid for terrain avoidance. Terrain data is obtained from third party sources.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES WARNING: The system, as installed in the Socata TBM 850/900 aircraft, has a very high degree of functional integrity. However, the pilot must recognize that providing monitoring and/or self-test capability for all conceivable system failures is not practical. Although unlikely, it may be possible for erroneous operation to occur without a fault indication shown by the system.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES CAUTION: The PFD and MFD displays use a lens coated with a special anti-reflective coating that is very sensitive to skin oils, waxes, and abrasive cleaners. CLEANERS CONTAINING AMMONIA WILL HARM THE ANTI-REFLECTIVE COATING. It is very important to clean the lens using a clean, lint-free cloth and an eyeglass lens cleaner that is specified as safe for anti-reflective coatings. CAUTION: The system does not contain any user-serviceable parts.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES Blank Page iv Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
REVISION INFORMATION Record of Revisions Part Number 190-00709-00 Revision A Date 11/2/07 Page Range All 190-00709-01 A 7/7/08 All Added Synthetic Vision System and other GDU 9.02 parameters 190-00709-02 A 5/5/09 All Added new page selection presentation Added import/export flight plans Added flight data logging Added other GDU 9.14 parameters. B 7/30/09 53 Corrected discussion of setting Selected Altitude A 4/10 All Added GDU 11.01 parameters.
REVISION INFORMATION Record of Revisions Part Number 190-00708-05 Revision A Date 1/14 Page Range All Description Added Maintenance Log feature Added Auxiliary Video Added CPDLC Added AC-U-KWIK Airport Directory Added User Defined Holding Patterns Added temperature compensated altitude Changed GFDS Weather to Connext™ Weather Changed XM to SiriusXM Changed Synthetic Vision System (SVS) to Synthetic Vision Technology (SVT) Added other GDU 14.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Description.................................................. 1 Line Replaceable Units (LRU).................................. 2 G1000 Controls......................................................... 8 PFD Controls................................................................. 8 Controls Associated With the MFD................................ 10 AFCS Controls....................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS Viewing an ATC Message........................................... 136 Viewing CPDLC Message Dialogs................................ 136 Deleting Message Dialogs.......................................... 137 Disconnecting from the CPDLC System........................ 138 Enabling/Disabling Data Mode.................................... 138 CPDLC System Failure................................................ 138 4.4 NAV Operation......................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 6 HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.1 SiriusXM Weather................................................. 330 Activating Services..................................................... 330 Using SiriusXM Weather Products............................... 331 Weather Softkeys on the Weather Data Link (XM) Page.335 SiriusXM Weather Abnormal Operations...................... 367 6.2 Garmin Connext Weather.................................... 369 Registering the Iridium Satellite System.....................
TABLE OF CONTENTS Control Wheel Steering.............................................. 530 Disengagement......................................................... 531 7.6 Example Flight Plan............................................. 532 Departure................................................................. 532 Intercepting a VOR Radial........................................... 534 Flying a Flight Plan/GPS Course.................................. 535 Descent..........................................
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION This section is designed to provide an overview of the G1000 Integrated Flight Deck. The G1000 system is an integrated flight control system that presents flight instrumentation, position, navigation, communication, and identification information to the pilot through large-format displays.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.2 LINE REPLACEABLE UNITS (LRU) • GDU 1040A – Each unit is configured as a PFD that features a 10.4-inch LCD with 1024 x 768 resolution. The unit installed on the left/pilot side is designated as PFD1, and the one installed on the right/copilot side is designated as PFD2. These units communicate with each other, the MFD, and with the on-side GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Unit through a High-Speed Data Bus (HSDB) connection.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GDC 74B – Processes data from the pitot/static system as well as the OAT probe. This unit provides pressure altitude, airspeed, vertical speed and OAT information to the G1000 system, and it communicates with the onside GIA 63W, on-side GDU 1040A and on-side GRS 77, using an ARINC 429 digital interface (it also interfaces directly with the OAT). The GDC 74B is designed to operate in Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) airspace.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GMA 1347D Cabin – Integrates NAV/COM digital audio, intercom system and marker beacon controls, and is installed in dual configuration on the outboard side of PFD1 and PFD2. This unit also enables the manual control of the display reversionary mode (red DISPLAY BACKUP button) and communicates with the on-side GIA 63W, using an RS-232 digital interface. • GTX 33 and GTX 33D – Solid-state transponders that provide Modes A, C and S capability.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GSR 56 – The Iridium Transceiver operation for voice communication is by means of pilot and copilot headsets in the cockpit. The system is also capable of SMS text messaging. Connection to the system is through the RS232 bus. • GWX 68 or GWX 70 – Provides airborne weather and ground mapped radar data to the MFD, through the GDL 69A or directly linked to the MFD, via HSDB connection.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW The GSM 85/86 servo gearbox is responsible for transferring the output torque of the GSA 81 servo actuator to the mechanical flight-control surface linkage. • GTA 82 – The GTA 82 Trim Adapter is a remote mounted device that is used to allow the GFC 700 to drive the yaw trim actuator. • GA 36 and GA 37 – The GA 36 is a through-mount GPS/SBAS antenna. The GA 37 is a through-mount GPS/ SBAS antenna with SiriusXM/Datalink.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW GMC 710 GTS 820 GWX 68 or 70 GCU 475 GDU 1040A GDU 1040A (PFD #1) (PFD #2) GDL 69A GDU 1500 (MFD) GMA 1347D Cabin #1 GMA 1347D Cabin #2 GMU 44 #1 GMU 44 #2 GRS 77 #1 GRS 77 #2 GIA 63W #1 GIA 63W #2 GTA 82 VHF COM VHF NAV/LOC GPS/WAAS G/S AFCS Mode Logic Flight Director Servo Management GDC 74B #1 (Trim Adapter) VHF COM VHF NAV/LOC GPS/WAAS G/S GDC 74B #2 GSA 81 OAT Probe (Pitch Trim) OAT Probe GSA 81 AFCS Mode Logic Flight Director Servo Management (Pitch) GTX 33D GDR
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.3 G1000 CONTROLS NOTE: The Audio Panel (GMA 1347D Cabin) and AFCS controls (GMC 710) are described in the CNS & Audio Panel and AFCS sections respectively. The G1000 system controls are located on the PFD and MFD bezels, MFD Control Unit, AFCS Control Unit and audio panel. The controls for the PFD and MFD are discussed within the following pages of this section.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW The following list provides an overview of the controls located on the PFD bezel (see Figure 1-2). 1 NAV VOL/ID Knob – Controls NAV audio volume level. Press to switch the Morse code identifier audio ON and OFF. Volume level is shown in the NAV frequency field as a percentage. 2 NAV Frequency Transfer Key – Switches the standby and active NAV frequencies. 3 Dual NAV Knob – Tunes the standby frequencies for the NAV receiver (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW CONTROLS ASSOCIATED WITH THE MFD The controls for the MFD (GDU 1500) are located on both the MFD bezel and the MFD Control Unit (GCU 475). The bottom portion of the MFD bezel features 12 softkeys that are designed to perform various functions depending upon the control display mode and the specific page being displayed. These softkeys are discussed throughout the this documentation.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 6 Joystick – Changes the map range when rotated. Activates the map pointer when pressed. 7 Alphanumeric Keys – Allow the user to enter data quickly, without having to select individual characters with the FMS Knob. 8 Plus (+) Minus (-) Key – Switches between a (+) or (-) character. 9 Decimal Key – Enters a decimal point.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 4 FD Key – Activates/deactivates the Flight Director in the default Pitch and Roll modes. If the Autopilot is engaged, the FD Key is disabled. 5 XFR Key – Switches the Autopilot between the pilot and the copilot Flight Director. This selection also selects which Air Data Computer is communicating with the active transponder. Upon power-up, the pilot FD is selected. 6 ALT Key – Selects/deselects the Altitude Hold mode. 7 VS Key – Selects/deselects the Vertical Speed mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL CONTROLS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Figure 1-5 Audio Panel Controls (GMA 1347D Cabin) NOTE: When a key is selected, a triangular annunciator above the key is illuminated. 1 COM1 MIC – Selects the #1 transmitter for transmitting. COM1 receive is simultaneously selected when this key is pressed allowing received audio from the the #1 Com receiver to be heard. COM2 receiver audio can be added by pressing the COM2 Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 14 6 COM3 – Not used on some aircraft. 7 PA – Selects the passenger address system. The selected Com transmitter is deselected when the PA Key is pressed. 8 TEL – Not used on some aircraft. 9 MUSIC – Not used on some aircraft. 10 SPKR – Pressing this key selects and deselects the corresponding cockpit speaker. Com and Nav receiver audio is heard on the speaker. 11 MKR/MUTE – Mutes the currently received Marker Beacon Receiver audio.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.4 SECURE DIGITAL CARDS NOTE: Refer to the Appendices for instructions on updating the navigation database. NOTE: Ensure that the G1000 system is powered off before inserting the SD card. The GDU 1040A and GDU 1500 data card slots use Secure Digital (SD) cards and are located on the top right portion of the display bezels. Each display bezel is equipped with two SD card slots.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.5 SYSTEM POWER-UP NOTE: Refer to the Appendices for AHRS initialization bank angle limitations. NOTE: See the Appendices for additional information regarding system-specific annunciations and alerts. NOTE: See the Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) for specific procedures concerning avionics power application and emergency power supply operation. The G1000 system is integrated with the aircraft electrical system and receives power directly from electrical busses.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.6 SYSTEM OPERATION The displays are connected together via a single Ethernet bus, thus allowing for high-speed communication. As shown in Figure 1-1, each GIA 63W is connected to the on-side PFD. This section discusses the normal and reversionary modes of operation as well as the various AHRS modes of the G1000 system.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW REVERSIONARY MODE NOTE: The G1000 system alerts the pilot when backup paths are utilized by the LRUs. Refer to the Appendices for further information regarding system-specific alerts. Reversionary mode is a mode of operation in which all important flight information is presented identically on at least one of the remaining displays (see Figure 1-10).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AHRS OPERATION NOTE: Refer to the Appendices for specific AHRS alert information. NOTE: Aggressive maneuvering while the AHRS is not operating normally can degrade AHRS accuracy. In addition to using internal sensors, the GRS 77 AHRS uses GPS information, magnetic field data and air data to assist in attitude/heading calculations. In normal mode, the AHRS relies upon GPS and magnetic field measurements.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW GPS INPUT FAILURE NOTE: In-flight initialization of AHRS, when operating without any valid source of GPS data and at true air speed values greater than approximately 200 knots, is not guaranteed. Under these rare conditions, it is possible for in-flight AHRS initialization to take an indefinite amount of time which would result in an extended period of time where valid AHRS outputs are unavailable. The G1000 system provides two sources of GPS information.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW G1000 SYSTEM ANNUNCIATIONS NOTE: For a detailed description of all annunciations and alerts, refer to Appendix A. Refer to the Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) for additional information regarding pilot responses to these annunciations. When an LRU or an LRU function fails, a large red ‘X’ is typically displayed on windows associated with the failed data (Figure 1-14 displays all possible flags and responsible LRUs).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SOFTKEY FUNCTION The softkeys are located along the bottoms of the displays. The softkeys shown depend on the softkey level or page being displayed. The bezel keys below the softkeys can be used to select the appropriate softkey. When a softkey is selected, its color changes to black text on gray background and remains this way until it is turned off, at which time it reverts to white text on black background.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Level 1 Level 2 TERRAIN Level 3 NEXRAD or PRECIP Description Displays terrain information on Navigation Map (not available with TAWS-A) Displays NEXRAD weather and coverage information on Inset Map (optional) Displays Connext precipitation on Inset Map (optional) Displays XM WX lightning information on Inset Map (optional) XM LTNG or Displays Connext Worldwide Weather lightning information on Inset Map (optional) DL LTNG METAR SENSOR ADC1 ADC2 AHRS1 AHRS2 PFD SYN VIS PATHWAY SYN TERR
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 360 HSI ARC HSI BRG2 ALT UNIT METERS IN HPA STD BARO OBS CDI ADF/DME XPDR XPDR1 XPDR2 STBY ON ALT GND VFR CODE 0—7 BKSP IDENT TMR/REF NRST MSG 24 Description Displays the HSI in a 360 degree view Displays the HSI as an arc Cycles the Bearing 2 Information Window through NAV2 or GPS waypoint identifier and GPS-derived distance information, and ADF/frequency.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Figure 1-16 Top Level PFD Softkeys WX LGND (optional) (optional) PRECIP or DL LTNG or METAR STRMSCP TRFC-1 Select the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. TRFC-2 Figure 1-17 INSET Softkeys Press the BACK Softkey to return to the top level softkeys. ADC1 ADC2 AHRS1 AHRS2 BACK MSG Figure 1-18 SENSOR Softkeys 190-00709-05 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADF/DME SYN VIS ALT UNIT HSI FMT Select the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys 360 HSI METERS PATHWAY BACK ARC HSI IN HPA SYN TERR HRZN HDG APTSIGNS Figure 1-19 PFD Configuration Softkeys Press the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. MSG Press the BACK Softkey to return to the previous level softkeys. MSG Figure 1-20 XPDR Softkeys 26 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW MFD SOFTKEYS Level 1 SYSTEM or CAS Level 2 Description Accesses the Synoptics page softkeys and the Landing Field Elevation softkeys Scroll up or down (Displayed only when a sufficient number of items are CAS ↑ displayed in the Crew Alerting System Display to warrant scrolling) and CAS ↓ MAN LFE Displays the manual Landing Field Elevation softkeys. (TBM 900) FMS LFE Sets the Landing Field Elevation to the destination airport elevation.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Level 1 Level 2 Description XM LTNG Displays XM WX lightning information on the Navigation Map (optional) or DL LTNG METAR LEGEND BACK DCLTR (3) SHW CHRT CHKLIST 28 Displays Connext Worldwide Weather lightning information on the Navigation Map (optional) Displays METAR flags on airport symbols shown on the Navigation Map Displays the legend for the selected weather products. Available only when NEXRAD, XM LTNG, and/or METAR softkeys are selected.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW or SYSTEM CAS↑ CAS CPDLC DCLTR MAP (optional) (optional) SHW CHRT CHKLIST DCLTR-1 CAS↓ DCLTR-2 DCLTR-3 TRAFFIC PROFILE TOPO TERRAIN AIRWAYS STRMSCP (optional) (optional) Select the BACK Softkey on this level to return to the top softkey level.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW GPS RECEIVER OPERATION Each GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Unit (IAU) contains a GPS receiver. Information collected by the specified receiver (GPS1 for the #1 IAU or GPS2 for the #2 IAU) may be viewed on the AUX - GPS Status Page. GPS1 provides information to the pilot-side PFD and GPS2 provides data to the copilot-side PFD. Internal system checking is performed to ensure both GPS receivers are providing accurate data to the PFDs.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Satellite Constellation Diagram Satellite Signal Information Status GPS Receiver Status RAIM Availability Prediction Enabled SBAS Options Satellite Signal Strength Bars GPS Selection Softkeys RAIM Softkey Selected SBAS Softkey Selected Figure 1-22 GPS Status Page (RAIM or SBAS Selected) The GPS Status Page provides the following information: • Satellite constellation diagram Satellites currently in view are shown at their respective positions on a sky view diagram.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW DOP measures satellite geometry quality (i.e., number of satellites received and where they are relative to each other) on a range from 0.0 to 9.9, with lower numbers denoting better accuracy. HFOM and VFOM, measures of horizontal and vertical position uncertainty, are the current 95% confidence horizontal and vertical accuracy values reported by the GPS receiver.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Predicting RAIM availability 1) Select the GPS Status Page. 2) If necessary, select the RAIM Softkey. 3) Press the FMS Knob. The ‘WAYPOINT’ field is highlighted. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window. 5) Enter the desired waypoint: a) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired waypoint by identifier, facility, or city name and press the ENT Key. Refer to Section 1.7 for instructions on entering alphanumeric data into the G1000.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 9) With the cursor highlighting ‘COMPUTE RAIM?’, press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.7 ACCESSING G1000 FUNCTIONALITY MENUS The G1000 has a MENU Key that, when pressed, displays a context-sensitive list of options. This options list allows the user to access additional features or make settings changes which specifically relate to the currently displayed window/page. There is no all-encompassing menu. Some menus provide access to additional submenus that are used to view, edit, select, and review options.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW MFD PAGE GROUPS NOTE: Refer to the Flight Management, Hazard Avoidance, and Additional Features sections for details on specific pages. Information on the MFD is presented on pages which are grouped according to function. The page group and active page title are displayed in the upper center of the screen, below the Navigation Status Box. In the bottom right corner of the screen, a page group window is displayed by turning either FMS Knob.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Map Pages (MAP) Navigation Map Traffic Map Stormscope® Weather Radar Weather Data Link (service optional) Terrain Proximity, Terrain-SVS, or TAWS-B/TAWS-A Figure 1-25 Map Pages Waypoint Pages (WPT) Airport Information screens - Airport Information (INFO-1 Softkey) - Airport Directory (INFO-2 Softkey) - Departure Information (DP Softkey) - Arrival Information (STAR Softkey) - Approach Information (APR Softkey) - Weather Information (WX Softkey) Intersection Information NDB Informatio
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Auxiliary Pages (AUX) Weight Planning Trip Planning Utility GPS Status System Setup XM Radio - XM Information (INFO Softkey) - XM Radio (RADIO Softkey) SiriusXM Satellite Screens Satellite Phone Maintenance Logs System Status Video Figure 1-27 Auxiliary Pages The Flight Plan Pages may also be accessed using the FPL Key on the MFD. Maintenance data is continuously recorded by the Central Maintenance Computer (CMC).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Pages (SYS) System Synoptic Displays - Electrical System (also select ELEC Softkey) - Fuel System (also select FUEL Softkey) - General System Information (also select GEN Softkey) Figure 1-29 System Pages The System Pages may also be accessed by selecting the SYSTEM Softkey when viewing the other page groups. Main pages within this group are shown by selecting the applicable softkey or turning the small FMS Knob.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Procedure pages may be accessed at any time on the MFD by pressing the PROC Key. A menu is initialized, and when a departure, approach, or arrival is selected, the appropriate Procedure Loading Page is opened. Turning the FMS Knob does not scroll through the Procedure pages (note the single page icon in the lower right corner).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW MFD SYSTEM PAGES In the Auxiliary (AUX) Page Group, there are two system pages: System Setup (page 5 of 6) and System Status (page 6 of 6). The System Setup Page allows management of various system parameters, while the System Status Page displays the status of all G1000 System LRUs.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Date/Time The Date/Time Box on the System Setup Page displays the current date and time and allows the pilot to set the time format (local 12-hr, local 24-hr, or UTC) and offset. The time offset is used to define current local time. UTC (also called “GMT” or “Zulu”) date and time are calculated directly from the GPS satellites signals and cannot be changed. When using a local time format, designate the offset by adding or subtracting the desired number of hours.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Affects the temperature display on the Trip Planning Page. Does not affect the Engine Indicating System display. • Fuel and fuel flow (gallons, imperial gallons, liters, pounds, kilograms) Affects all fuel and fuel flow displays. • Weight (pounds, kilograms) Affects aircraft weights on the Weight Planning Page. • Position (HDDD°MM.MM’, HDDD°MM’SS.S”, MGRS, UTM/UPS) Affects all position displays.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW To turn an airspace alert on or off: 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired field in the Airspace Alerts Box. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob clockwise to turn the airspace alert ON or counterclockwise to turn the alert OFF. Arrival Alerts The Arrival Alert Box on the System Setup Page allows arrival alerts to be turned on/off and the alert trigger distance set.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW MFD Data Bar Fields The MFD Data Bar Fields Box on the System Setup Page displays the current configuration of the MFD Navigation Status Box. By default, the Navigation Status Bar is set to display ground speed (GS), distance to next waypoint (DIS), estimated time en route (ETE), and en route safe altitude (ESA). To change the information shown in an MFD Navigation Status Bar field: 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Changing the CDI range: 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the selected field in the GPS CDI Box. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to display and scroll through the range list and press the ENT Key when the desired selection is highlighted. 4) Press the FMS Knob to deactivate the cursor. COM Configuration NOTE: 8.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW CDI/BARO Synchronization See the Flight Instruments section for a discussion on synchronizing both PFD’s Course Deviation Indicators and the altimeter barometric settings. Pilot Profiles System settings may be saved under a pilot profile. When the system is powered on, the last selected pilot profile is shown on the MFD power-up screen (Figure 1-8).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Use the large FMS Knob to select ‘CREATE and ACTIVATE’ and press the ENT Key to activate the new profile. 9) To cancel the process, select ‘CANCEL’ with the large FMS Knob and press the ENT Key. Selecting an active profile: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the active profile field in the Pilot Profile Box.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM STATUS PAGE The System Status Page displays the status and software version numbers for all detected system LRUs. Pertinent information on all system databases is also displayed. Active LRUs are indicated by green check marks and failed LRUs are indicated by red ‘X’s. Failed LRUs should be noted and a service center informed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.8 DISPLAY BACKLIGHTING The G1000 display and control backlighting can be adjusted either automatically or manually. Backlighting intensity ranges from 0.22% to 100% on the PFDs and 0.80% to 100.00% on the MFD. AUTOMATIC ADJUSTMENT The existing instrument panel dimmer bus normally controls the PFD and MFD bezels, MFD Control Unit, AFCS Control Unit and audio panel key annunciator lighting.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW To adjust key backlighting manually: 1) Press the MENU Key on the PFD to display the PFD Setup Menu Window. ‘AUTO’ becomes highlighted to the right of ‘PFD1 DSPL’. Figure 1-37 Manual Key Lighting Adjustment 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘PFD1 DSPL’. Turn the small FMS Knob in the direction of the green arrowhead to display ‘PFD1 KEY’. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘AUTO’ and turn the small FMS Knob to display the selection box.
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FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SECTION 2 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: If the airspeed, attitude, altitude, or heading indications become unusable, refer to the backup instruments. NOTE: The Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) provides additional readouts and bugs on selected flight instruments. Refer to the AFCS Section for details on these bugs and readouts, as they appear on the display during certain AFCS flight director modes.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 23 22 21 20 1 19 18 17 2 16 15 3 14 4 13 5 12 6 11 7 10 8 9 Figure 2-1 Primary Flight Display (Default) 54 1 NAV Frequency Box 12 Selected Heading Bug 2 Airspeed Indicator 13 Turn Rate Indicator 3 14 Barometric Altimeter Setting 4 True Airspeed (TBM 850) or Mach number (TBM 900) Current Heading 15 Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) 5 Current Track Indicator 16 Selected Altitude Bug 6 Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) 17 Altimeter 7 Horizontal Situat
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 15 14 1 13 12 2 11 3 10 4 9 8 5 6 7 Figure 2-2 Primary Flight Display (Additional Information) 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.1 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AIRSPEED INDICATOR NOTE: Refer to the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) for airspeed criteria and Vspeed values. The Airspeed Indicator displays airspeed on a moving tape rolling number gauge. The numeric labels and major tick marks on the moving tape are shown at intervals of 10 knots. The minor tick marks on the moving tape are marked at intervals of five knots. Speed indication starts at 20 knots, with 60 knots of airspeed viewable at any time.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Vspeeds (VR, VX, VY, and VAPP,) can be changed and the Vspeed flags can be turned on/off from the Timer/ References Window. When active (on), the Vspeeds are displayed at their respective locations to the right of the airspeed scale. All Vspeed values are reset and all Vspeed flags are turned off during power up. Changing Vspeeds and turning Vspeed flags on/off: 1) Press the TMR/REF Softkey. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the field of the desired Vspeed to be changed.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ATTITUDE INDICATOR Attitude information is displayed over a virtual blue sky and brown ground with a white horizon line. The Attitude Indicator displays the pitch, roll, and slip/skid information. 9 8 1 7 2 6 3 4 5 1 Roll Pointer 2 Roll Scale 3 Horizon Line 4 Aircraft Symbol 5 Land Representation 6 Pitch Scale 7 Slip/Skid Indicator 8 Sky Representation 9 Roll Scale Zero Figure 2-7 Attitude Indicator The horizon line is part of the pitch scale.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ALTIMETER The Altimeter displays 1,000 feet of barometric altitude values at a time on a moving tape rolling number gauge Numeric labels and major tick marks are shown at intervals of 100 feet. Minor tick marks are at intervals of 20 feet. The current altitude is displayed in the black pointer. The Altimeter also displays a reference to the height above the ground; refer to Radar Altimeter discussion later in this section for more information.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Altitudes can also be displayed in meters as an overlay (Figure 2-9). Note that the altitude tape does not change scale. Displaying metric altitude overlay: 1) Press the PFD Softkey to display the second-level softkeys. 2) Press the ALT UNIT Softkey. 3) Press the METERS Softkey to enable metric altitude overlay. 4) Select the BACK Softkey twice to return to the top-level softkeys. A magenta Altitude Trend Vector extends up or down the left of the altitude tape.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Changing altimeter barometric pressure setting units: 1) Press the PFD Softkey to display the second-level softkeys. 2) Select the ALT UNIT Softkey. 3) Select the IN Softkey to display the barometric pressure setting in inches of mercury (in Hg). Or, select the HPA Softkey to display the barometric pressure setting in hectopascals (hPa). 4) Select the BACK Softkey twice to return to the top-level softkeys. If the barometric altimeter settings differ between PFDs by more than 0.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A Baro Transition Alert is provided to alert the pilot to change the barometric pressure setting when crossing the transition altitude in either direction. This is displayed by the barometric pressure setting flashing cyan when crossing the transition altitude. The flashing stops when the barometric pressure setting is changed. Setting the Baro Transition Alert: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page on the MFD. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR (VSI) The Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) displays the aircraft vertical speed on a fixed scale with labels at 2000 and 4000 fpm and minor tick marks every 1000 fpm (Figure 2-13). Digits appear in the pointer when the climb or descent rate is greater than 100 fpm. If the rate of ascent/descent exceeds 4000 fpm, the pointer appears at the edge of the tape and the rate appears inside the pointer.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HORIZONTAL SITUATION INDICATOR (HSI) The Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) displays a rotating compass in a heading-up orientation. Letters indicate the cardinal points and numeric labels occur every 30˚. Major tick marks are at 10˚ intervals and minor tick marks at 5˚ intervals. A digital reading of the current heading appears on top of the HSI, and the current track is represented on the HSI by a magenta diamond bug.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Arc HSI is a 140˚ expanded section of the compass rose. The Arc HSI contains a Course Pointer, To/From Indicator, a sliding deviation indicator (the To/From and deviation indicators are combined), and a deviation scale. Upon station passage, the To/From Indicator flips and points to the tail of the aircraft, just like a conventional To/From flag.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Navigation angles (track, heading, course, bearing) are corrected to the computed magnetic variation (Mag Var) or referenced to true north (T), set on the AUX - System Setup Page. When an approach referenced to true north has been loaded into the flight plan, the system generates a message to change the navigation angle setting to True at the appropriate time.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS TURN RATE INDICATOR The Turn Rate Indicator is located directly above the rotating compass card. Tick marks to the left and right of the lubber line denote half-standard and standard turn rates. A magenta Turn Rate Trend Vector shows the current turn rate. The end of the trend vector gives the heading predicted in six seconds, based on the present turn rate.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When a bearing pointer is displayed, its associated information window is also displayed.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS COURSE DEVIATION INDICATOR (CDI) NOTE: During a heading change of greater than 105° with respect to the course, the CDI on the Arc HSI switches to the opposite side of the deviation scale and displays reverse sensing. The Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) moves left or right from the course pointer along a lateral deviation scale to display aircraft position relative to the course. If the course deviation data is not valid, the CDI is not displayed.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Changing navigation sources: 1) Press the CDI Softkey to change from GPS to VOR1 or LOC1. This places the cyan tuning box over the NAV1 standby frequency in the upper left corner of the PFD. 2) Press the CDI Softkey again to change from VOR1 or LOC1 to VOR2 or LOC2. This places the cyan tuning box over the NAV2 standby frequency. 3) Press the CDI Softkey a third time to return to GPS.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If the same VOR/LOC navigation source is selected on both PFDs, the navigation source annunciation turns yellow on both displays (unless synchronized). Once the CDIs are synchronized (CDI Synchronization turned on), they remain synchronized until the setting is changed. When turning on the G1000 for use, the system remembers the last CDI synchronization setting. Synchronizing the CDIs: 1) Select the AUX - System Setup Page using the FMS Knob.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS GPS CDI SCALING When GPS is the selected navigation source, the flight plan legs are sequenced automatically and annunciations appear on the HSI for the flight phase. Flight phase annunciations are normally shown in magenta, but when cautionary conditions exist the color changes to yellow. If the current leg in the flight plan is a heading leg, HDG LEG is annunciated in magenta beneath the aircraft symbol.
Departure Terminal Enroute Terminal Refer to accompanying approach CDI scaling figures Approach 0.3 nm 1.0 nm 1.0 nm 2.0 nm 1.0 nm 0.3 nm CDI Full-scale Deflection FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Missed Approach Figure 2-28 Automatic CDI Scaling • Once a departure procedure is activated, the CDI is scaled for departure (0.3 nm). • The system switches from departure to terminal CDI scaling (1.
2 nm FAF FAF CDI scale varies if VTF is activated 0.3 nm 1.0 nm angle based on database information course width 2 nm CDI Full-scale Deflection 0.3 nm angle set by system 350 ft CDI scale is set to the smaller of 0.3 nm or an angle set by the system 1.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS OBS MODE NOTE: VNV is inhibited while automatic waypoint sequencing has been suspended. Enabling Omni-bearing Selector (OBS) Mode suspends the automatic sequencing of waypoints in a GPS flight plan (GPS must be the selected navigation source), but retains the current “active-to” waypoint as the navigation reference even after passing the waypoint. OBS is annunciated to the lower right of the aircraft symbol when OBS Mode is selected.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Enabling/disabling OBS Mode while navigating a GPS flight plan: 1) Press the OBS Softkey to select OBS Mode. 2) Turn a CRS Knob to select the desired course to/from the waypoint. Press the CRS Knob to synchronize the Selected Course with the bearing to the next waypoint. 3) Press the OBS Softkey again to return to automatic waypoint sequencing. As the aircraft crosses the missed approach point (MAP), automatic approach waypoint sequencing is suspended.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.2 SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA NOTE: Selecting the DFLTS Softkey turns off metric altimeter display, Hpa Baro Setting, the Inset Map, and wind data display. In addition to the flight instruments, the PFD also displays various supplemental information, including temperatures, wind data, and Vertical Navigation (VNV) indications.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Changing temperature display units: 1) Select the AUX - System Setup Page on the MFD using the FMS Knob. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the TEMP field in the Display Units box. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to highlight either CELSIUS or FAHRENHEIT and press the ENT Key to confirm the selection. 5) To cancel the selection, press the FMS Knob or the CLR Key.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WIND DATA Wind direction and speed in knots can be displayed relative to the aircraft in a window to the upper left of the HSI. When the window is selected for display, but wind information is invalid or unavailable, the window shows NO WIND DATA. Wind data can be displayed in three different ways. Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 No Data Figure 2-35 Wind Data Displaying wind data: 1) Press the PFD Softkey. 2) Press the WIND Softkey to display wind data to the left of the HSI.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS VERTICAL NAVIGATION (VNV) INDICATIONS When a VNV flight plan has been activated, VNV indications (VNV Target Altitude, RVSI, VDI) appear on the PFD in conjunction with the “TOD within 1 minute message” and “Vertical track” voice alert. See the Flight Management and AFCS sections for details on VNV features. VNV indications are removed from the PFD according to the criteria listed in Table 2-2.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.3 PFD ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTING FUNCTIONS The following annunciations and alerting functions are displayed on the PFD. Refer to the Engine/Airframe Systems Section for information on the Crew Alerting System (CAS) and to Appendix A for more information on alerts and annunciations. SYSTEM ALERTING The System Messages Window conveys messages to the flight crew regarding problems with the G1000 System. When a new message is issued, the MSG Softkey flashes to alert the flight crew.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS MARKER BEACON ANNUNCIATIONS Marker Beacon Annunciations are displayed on the PFD to the left of the Selected Altitude. Outer marker reception is indicated in blue, middle in amber, and inner in white. Refer to the Audio Panel and CNS Section for more information on Marker Beacon Annunciations.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS TERRAIN ANNUNCIATIONS Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS) or TERRAIN-SVS annunciations appear on the PFD to the upper left of the altimeter. Refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section and Appendix A for information on terrain alerts and annunciations. Figure 2-40 Traffic and Example Terrain Annunciations 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ALTITUDE ALERTING The Altitude Alerting function provides visual alerts when approaching the Selected Altitude, and visual and audio alerts when deviating from the selected altitude. Whenever the Selected Altitude on the PFD is changed, Altitude Alerting is reset. Altitude Alerting is independent of the AFCS.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS displayed to the lower left of the altimeter and with a bug at the corresponding altitude along the altimeter (once the altitude is within the visible range of the tape). The following visual annunciations alert the pilot when approaching the MDA or DH: • When the aircraft altitude descends to within 2500 feet of the MDA/DH setting, a box labeled BARO MIN, RA MIN, or COMP MIN (based on the selected altitude source) appears with the altitude in cyan text (or magenta for TEMP COMP).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS RADAR ALTIMETER When the radar height (the aircraft altitude above ground level detected by the radar altimeter) is between zero and 2500 feet, the current value is displayed in green to the upper right of the HSI (Figure 2-45). Display of radar height becomes more sensitive as the height above ground decreases (Table 2-3).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A ground line with diagonal stripes below it (Figure 2-48) appears on the Altimeter to show the aircraft’s height above the ground. If the radar altimeter data becomes invalid, the message “RA FAIL” is displayed in yellow in place of the current radar height (Figure 2-49). The Radar Altimeter test is done on the MFD, and the ‘RA TEST’ annunciation appears on the PFD directly above the Radar Altimeter box (Figure 2-50).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.4 ABNORMAL OPERATIONS ABNORMAL GPS CONDITIONS The annunciations listed in Table 2-4 can appear on the HSI when abnormal GPS conditions occur (Figure 2-52). Refer to the Flight Management Section for more information on Dead Reckoning Mode.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HEADING FAILURE MODES If the system is unable to determine the aircraft heading, but GPS-based track information is available, the HSI displays the ground track instead of heading using HSI Track Mode. In this mode, a magenta ‘TRK’ annunciation and track readout appear on the HSI. In addition, a yellow ‘HDG’ annunciation with a red X appear above the ‘TRK’ annunciation to indicate the HSI is displaying track instead of heading.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If pitch exceeds +30˚/-20˚ or bank exceeds 65˚, some information displayed on the PFD is removed. The Altimeter and Airspeed, Attitude, Vertical Speed, and Horizontal Situation indicators remain on the display and the Bearing Information, Alerts, and Annunciation windows can be displayed during such situations.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS SECTION 3 ENGINE AND AIRFRAME SYSTEMS NOTE: Refer to the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) for limitations. The G1000 offers improved flight operations and reduces crew workload by automatically monitoring critical system parameters and providing system alerts during all phases of flight using the following: • The Engine Indication System (EIS) displays electrical, fuel, engine, pressurization, and flight control information on the left side of the Multi Function Display (MFD).
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS In the event of a display failure, depending on the failed display(s), the functioning display(s) may be reconfigured to present Primary Flight Display (PFD) symbology together with engine and CAS information (refer to the System Overview for more information about Reversionary Mode). In Reversionary Mode, engine, pressurization, fuel, electrical, and trim data is presented in an abbreviated format on the left of the display.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS 3.1 ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM (EIS) 1 1 8 2 2 9 10 3 3 11 4 4 12 5 5 13 6 6 14 7 8 15 9 16 12 16 13 14 15 Figure 3-4 EIS Display (Reversionary Mode) Figure 3-3 EIS Display (Normal Mode) 190-00709-05 Rev.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS EIS information is presented using gauges, horizontal and vertical bar indicators, slide bars, and digital readouts. Green ranges on the instrument scales indicate normal ranges of operation; yellow and red bands indicate caution and warning, respectively. During normal operating conditions, an instrument’s pointer appears in white and the readout text is green.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS PROPELLER RPM GAUGE Propeller speed is shown in revolutions per minute (rpm) from zero to 2200. If propeller speed slows to where the gauge pointer enters the yellow range, a caution is issued. A propeller overspeed warning is indicated if propeller speed exceeds the maximum safe operating speed.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS Temperatures above which warnings occur are indicated by red tick marks along the ITT Gauge. Refer to comments for the ‘ITT’ CAS message in Table 3-5 for warning issuance criteria. OIL PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE GAUGES Engine oil pressure and temperature are shown along horizontal bar indicators below the engine gauges. Oil pressure is shown in pounds per square inch (psi) and temperature in degrees Celsius (°C).
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS LANDING FIELD ELEVATION (LFE) (TBM 900) The optional Landing Field Elevation is set automatically based on the destination in the active flight plan by pressing the FMS LFE Softkey, but can also be adjusted manually by the pilot using the MAN LFE Softkey. An automatically entered LFE displays the landing field elevation and the airport identifier. A red “X” is displayed if the LFE is out of range or the data source is invalid.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS FUEL INFORMATION The fuel display is located beneath the oxygen pressure readout and shows the fuel quantity in each tank (in United States gallons, USG), fuel flow (gallons per hour, gph), and optional fuel pressure (psi) (if installed). Fuel quantity for each tank is normally shown along a slider scale. Readouts for fuel quantity and fuel flow are shown in Reversionary Mode.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS TRIM AND FLAP INDICATORS Elevator, rudder, and aileron trim indications are shown along slide bar scales next to the CAS messages in normal display mode. Flap deflection is normally displayed beneath the trim indications using a rotating pointer. Flap positions for takeoff, landing, and up positions are labeled. In Reversionary Mode, only elevator trim is indicated and flap position (UP, T/O, LDG) is provided as a digital readout.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS 3.2 SYNOPTICS The Synoptics pages show current conditions of certain aircraft functionality on aviation system diagrams, reducing workload by allowing the flight crew to rapidly analyze the situation. Aircraft systems graphically depicted in the synoptic diagrams include: • Electrical system • De-ice system • Fuel system • Doors Once the SYSTEM Softkey is selected, the Synoptics pages can be accessed using softkeys or the small FMS Knob.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS EICAS Map Synoptic Page Figure 3-20 MFD Layout (TBM 850 Example) 190-00709-05 Rev.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS ELECTRICAL SYSTEM The Electrical Synoptics Page uses a diagram of the aircraft’s electrical system to display the system status. The generators, ground power supply (GPU), batteries, and buses are shown in green to denote normal operation. Color of the units change depending on the condition.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS Active generator currents are displayed below the generator icons. A disconnected generator is indicated in gray; the current is removed from the display and the switch symbol is closed. Connected Disconnected Connected Disconnected Figure 3-22 Generator Status GPU status information is removed from the electrical diagram when the GPU door is closed.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS Battery and essential bus voltages are displayed using gauges. DC buses are shown in green when energized. When not energized, the connection line to the main bus is removed and the bus label is displayed in red. Figure 3-25 Battery and Essential Bus Low Voltage Bus Not Energized Figure 3-26 DC Bus Status The Emergency Buses switch has two positions, UP (open) and DN (ground). If the switch is in the UP position, the essential bus is connected to the battery bus.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS FUEL SYSTEM The Fuel Synoptics Page displays the status of the fuel tanks and feed system. Fuel quantity is depicted graphically; the color changes to yellow if the fuel quantity drops below the threshold level.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS Status of the fuel selector is indicated between the fuel tank symbols. The mode, automatic (AUTO) or manual (MAN) is shown beneath the fuel selector symbol. Left Fuel Tank Selected Switching Fuel Tank Selection Right Fuel Tank Selected Manual or Unknown Fuel Tank Selection Fuel Selector Off Table 3-1 Fuel Selector Status If the auxiliary fuel boost pump is on, the symbol is displayed in green. The mode, automatic (AUTO) or manual (MAN) is displayed next to the pump symbol.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS GENERAL SYSTEMS The General Synoptics Page aircraft diagram displays open doors in red (CAS messages also generated). Statuses of stall sensor, propeller, pitot probes, and windshield heat are also indicated on the diagram: • White indicates that heat is off (propeller and windshield) • Cyan indicates heat has been selected (windshield) • Green indicates heat is on • Yellow indicates heat has failed (stall sensor, propeller and pitot tube).
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS 3.3 CREW ALERTING SYSTEM (CAS) NOTE: Refer to the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) for emergency procedures. NOTE: Aural alerts associated with abnormal conditions and advisories are managed through the audio panels. Refer to the Audio Panel and CNS Section for more information. The Crew Alerting System (CAS) Display is located in the lower left corner of the EICAS Display (on the MFD) under normal display conditions.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS CAS MESSAGES AND PRIORITIZATION NOTE: Refer to the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) for corrective pilot actions. NOTE: Red warning messages cannot be scrolled through and remain at the top of the CAS display. The scroll bar changes to yellow if more than ten caution messages exist to be scrolled through. CAS messages are grouped by criticality (warning and caution) and sorted by order of appearance (most recent messages on top).
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS WARNING MESSAGES Message Description BAT OVERHEAT BLEED TEMP CABIN ALTITUDE CABIN DIFF PRESS DOOR ELEC FEATH FAULT* FIRE FLAPS ASYM FUEL OFF FUEL PRESS GEAR UNSAFE* Battery temperature over 70°C Bleed temperature high Cabin altitude over 10,000 ft Cabin pressure differential over 6.
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS CAUTION MESSAGES Message Description AP ON YD OFF AUTO SEL AUX BOOST PMP ON BAT AMP BAT OFF BLEED OFF CHIP The autopilot is ON while the Yaw Damper is OFF Fuel timer off or out of service Electric fuel pump running (manual or automatic mode) Battery current over 50 A while on ground Battery off Flow control and shut-off valve/shut-off valve closed Oil chip detector on (if installed) Back-up pressurization mode - Cabin altitude target forced to CPCS BACKUP MODE** 9800 ft CPDLC DI
ENGINE & AIRFRAME SYSTEMS Blank Page 112 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SECTION 4 AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.1 OVERVIEW The Communication/Navigation/Surveillance (CNS) system includes the Audio Panels, communication radios, navigation radios, and Mode S transponders. The System Overview Section provides a block diagram description of the Audio Panels and CNS system interconnection.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS PFD CONTROLS AND FREQUENCY DISPLAY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Figure 4-1 PFD Controls, COM/NAV Frequency Tuning Boxes, and ADF/DME Tuning Window 114 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 1 NAV VOL/ID Knob – Controls NAV audio volume level. Press to turn the Morse code identifier audio on and off. Volume level is shown in the NAV frequency field as a percentage. 2 NAV Frequency Transfer Key – Transfers the standby and active NAV frequencies. 3 NAV Knob – Tunes the standby frequencies for the NAV receiver (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz). Press to move the tuning box (cyan box) and Frequency Transfer Arrow between NAV1 and NAV2.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUDIO PANEL CONTROLS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Figure 4-2 Audio Panel Controls NOTE: When a key is selected, a triangular annunciator above the key is illuminated. 116 1 COM1 MIC – Selects the #1 transmitter for transmitting. COM1 receive is simultaneously selected when this key is pressed allowing received audio from the #1 COM receiver to be heard. COM2 receive can be added by pressing the COM2 Key.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 6 COM3 – Not used in the TBM 850/900. 7 PA – Selects the passenger address system. The selected COM transmitter is deselected when the PA Key is pressed. 8 TEL – Not used in the TBM 850/900. 9 MUSIC – Toggles the Music 1 input on or off. Pressing and holding toggles music muting on or off. 10 SPKR – Selects and deselects the on-side flight deck speaker. COM and NAV receiver audio can be heard on the speaker. 11 MKR/MUTE – Selects marker beacon receiver audio.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.2 COM OPERATION COM TRANSCEIVER SELECTION AND ACTIVATION NOTE: During PA Mode, the COM MIC Annunciator is extinguished and the COM active frequency color changes to white, indicating that neither COM transmitter is active. NOTE: When turning on the G1000 for use, the system remembers the last frequencies used and the active COM transceiver state prior to shutdown.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS TRANSMIT/RECEIVE INDICATIONS During COM transmission, a white TX appears by the active COM frequency replacing the Frequency Transfer Arrow. On the Audio Panel, when the active COM is transmitting, the active transceiver COM MIC Key Annunciator flashes approximately once per second. During COM signal reception, a white RX appears by the active COM frequency replacing the Frequency Transfer Arrow.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SELECTING THE RADIO TO BE TUNED Press the small COM Knob to transfer the frequency tuning box and Frequency Transfer Arrow between the upper and lower radio frequency fields. Press the COM Knob to Switch the Tuning Box From One COM Radio to the Other Figure 4-6 Switching COM Tuning Boxes QUICK-TUNING AND ACTIVATING 121.500 MHZ Pressing and holding the COM Frequency Transfer Key for two seconds automatically loads the emergency COM frequency (121.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING THE COM FREQUENCY COM frequencies can be automatically tuned from the following: • Nearest Airports Window (PFD) • NRST – Nearest Frequencies Page (ARTCC, FSS, WX) • WPT – Airport Information Page • NRST – Nearest Airspaces Page • NRST – Nearest Airports Page AUTO-TUNING FROM THE PFD COM frequencies for the nearest airports can be automatically tuned from the Nearest Airports Window on the PFD. When the desired frequency is entered, it becomes a standby frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING FROM THE MFD Frequencies can be automatically loaded into the COM Frequency Box from pages in the NRST or WPT page group by highlighting the frequency and pressing the ENT Key (Figures 4-9, 4-10, and 4-11). Auto-tuning a COM frequency from the WPT and NRST Pages: 1) From any page that the COM frequency can be auto-tuned, activate the cursor by pressing the FMS Knob on the MFD control unit or selecting the appropriate softkey.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS Or: 1) On the Nearest Airports, Frrequencies,or Airspaces page, press the MENU Key on the MFD control unit to display the page menu. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the menu options. 3) Press the ENT Key to place the cursor on the desired selection. 4) Scroll through the frequency selections with the FMS Knob. 5) Press the ENT Key to load the COM frequency into the standby field of the selected COM radio.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS On the WPT - Airport Information Page, the cursor can be placed on the frequency field by pressing the FMS Knob and scrolling through the list. The frequency is transferred to the COM Standby Field with the ENT Key. Selected Airport Identifier and Information Runway Information Press ENT Key to load frequency into PFD1 COM Standby Field. Cursor then advances to the next frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS COM frequencies can also be auto-tuned from the NRST – Nearest Airspaces, NRST – Nearest Frequencies, and NRST – Nearest Airports Pages on the MFD in a similar manner using the appropriate softkeys or MENU Key, the FMS Knob, and the ENT Key. Figure 4-12 NRST – Nearest Airspaces, NRST – Nearest Airports, and NRST – Nearest Frequencies Pages 190-00709-05 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS FREQUENCY SPACING The G1000 COM radios can tune either 25-kHz spacing (118.000 to 136.975 MHz) or 8.33-kHz spacing (118.000 to 136.990 MHz) for 760-channel or 3040-channel configuration. When 8.33-kHz channel spacing is selected, all of the 25-kHz channel spacing frequencies are also available in the complete 3040-channel list. Variable rate tuning is provided with 8.33-kHz spacing to achieve faster selection of the decimal digits.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTOMATIC SQUELCH Automatic Squelch quiets unwanted static noise when no audio signal is received, while still providing good sensitivity to weak COM signals. To disable Automatic Squelch, press the VOL/SQ Knob. When Automatic Squelch is disabled, COM audio reception is always on. Continuous static noise is heard over the headsets and speaker, if selected. Pressing the VOL/SQ Knob again enables Automatic Squelch.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.3 CONTROLLER PILOT DATA LINK COMMUNICATIONS (CPDLC) The GDR 66 VHF Data Link Transceiver (used for data communication only) provides the link from the G1000 Integrated Avionics System to the Controller Pilot Data Link Communications system (CPDLC) via ATN (VDL Mode 2). The CPDLC system provides data link communication between the aircraft and an Air Traffic Control facility.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS • Waiting for CPDLC – The system has successfully completed the network logon procedure. During this state the system is waiting for an ATC facility to initiate a CPDLC session. This state will exist during initial connection or if a CPDLC session has been closed and the network logon is still valid. • Connected – The system has successfully established a CPDLC session with a ground facility. CPDLC messages can be exchanged in this state.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS Icon Text Description Standby Unopened ‘Standby’ message response sent by ATC. (message not opened) Standby (message opened) Opened ‘Standby’ message response sent by ATC. Need Response Unopened message that requires a response to ATC. (message not opened) Need Response (message opened) Opened message that requires a response to ATC. Expired Unopened expired message sent by ATC. (message not opened) Expired (message opened) Opened expired message sent by ATC.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS Performing the system log-on: 1) From the MFD, select the CPDLC Softkey. 2) Select the LOGON Softkey. LOGON Softkey Figure 4-18 CPDLC Log-On Softkey 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the selection cursor over the Facility field.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 5) Press the ENT Key to complete the entry. 6) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the selection cursor over the Flight ID field. 7) The Flight ID Field is populated with the Flight ID or Aircraft Registration as filed. Changing this field will also change the Mode S Flight ID output. To change to Flight ID field, turn the small FMS Knob to enter the Flight ID or aircraft registration number. 8) Press the ENT Key to complete the entry.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS CREATING A MESSAGE Creating a message consists of choosing from a pre-determined list of requests, entering the required information, and sending the request. To create messages: 1) From the MFD, select the CPDLC Softkey. 2) Select the NEW Softkey. The CPDLC Thread Window appears. NEW Softkey Figure 4-20 CPDLC New Softkey 3) With the Response/Request field highlighted, turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired request from the list and press the ENT Key.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4) Highlight the Level field and enter the desired altitude. To toggle between multiple units of measure (FT or FL), highlight the first numeric position and turn the small FMS Knob counterclockwise. Figure 4-22 CPDLC Request Parameters 5) Press the ENT Key to complete the entry. 6) (Optional) Highlight the Reason field and enter the desired reason from the list. 7) Press the ENT Key to complete the entry. 8) Highlight the SEND Button and press the ENT Key.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS RESPONDING TO AN ATC MESSAGE Responding to an ATC message consists of choosing from a pre-determined list of responses or acknowledgements, then sending the response or acknowledgement. The following PFD alert as well as an aural alert, informs the flight crew of a received CPDLC message: CPDLC Alert Figure 4-23 CPDLC PFD Alert To respond to a message: 1) From the MFD, select the CPDLC Softkey.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS VIEWING AN ATC MESSAGE Some ATC messages do not require a response, however they do need to be viewed. To view an ATC message: 1) From the MFD, select the CPDLC Softkey. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the selection cursor over the desired message to view and press the ENT Key. Figure 4-24 CPDLC Response VIEWING CPDLC MESSAGE DIALOGS The status of a string of messages, or dialog, may be checked and past message dialogs viewed.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS DELETING MESSAGE DIALOGS While the G1000 deletes the list of message dialogs when power is turned off, individual message dialogs may also be deleted manually. Message dialogs considered closed may also be deleted. DELETE Softkey Delete All (DEL ALL) Softkey Figure 4-25 Delete Message Dialogs To delete a single message dialog: 1) From the MFD, select the CPDLC Softkey. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the selection cursor over the desired message to delete.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS DISCONNECTING FROM THE CPDLC SYSTEM After successfully initiating a CPDLC session, the LOGOFF Softkey becomes available. To Log-off the CPDLC System: 1) From the MFD, select the CPDLC Softkey. 2) Select the LOGOFF Softkey. ENABLING/DISABLING DATA MODE The Link 2000+ will only operate when the GDR 66 is in data mode. There are times when it may be desirable to enable or disable the VDL (VHF Data Link) connection.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.4 NAV OPERATION NAV RADIO SELECTION AND ACTIVATION The NAV Frequency Box is composed of four fields; two standby fields and two active fields. The active frequencies are on the right side and the standby frequencies are on the left. A NAV radio is selected for navigation by pressing the CDI Softkey located on the PFD. The active NAV frequency selected for navigation is displayed in green. Pressing the CDI Softkey once selects NAV1 as the navigation radio.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS NAV radios are selected for listening by pressing the corresponding keys on the Audio Panel. Pressing the NAV1, NAV2, ADF, or DME Key selects and deselects the navigation radio source. Selected audio can be heard over the headset and the speakers (if selected). All radios can be selected individually or simultaneously. Figure 4-29 Selecting a NAV Radio Receiver NAV RECEIVER MANUAL TUNING The NAV frequency controls and frequency boxes are on the left side of the PFDs.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SELECTING THE RADIO TO BE TUNED Press the small NAV Knob to transfer the frequency tuning box and Frequency Transfer Arrow between the upper and lower radio frequency fields. Press the NAV Knob to Switch the Tuning Box From One NAV Radio to the Other Figure 4-31 Switching NAV Tuning Boxes VOR/LOC ID When the Morse code Identifier audio is on for a NAV radio, a white ID appears to the left of the active NAV frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING A NAV FREQUENCY FROM THE MFD NAV frequencies can be selected and loaded from the following MFD pages: • WPT – Airport Information • NRST – Nearest VOR • WPT – VOR Information • NRST – Nearest Frequencies (FSS, WX) • NRST – Nearest Airports • NRST – Nearest Airspaces The MFD provides auto-tuning of NAV frequencies from waypoint and nearest pages. During enroute navigation, the NAV frequency is entered automatically into the NAV standby frequency field.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS Or: 1) When on the NRST pages, press the MENU Key on the MFD control unit to display the page menu. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the menu options. 3) Press the ENT Key to place the cursor in the desired window. 4) Scroll through the frequency selections with the FMS Knob. 5) Press the ENT Key to load the NAV frequency into the standby field of the selected NAV radio. 6) Press the Frequency Transfer Key to transfer the frequency to the NAV Active Frequency Field.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS In the example shown, the VOR list is selected with the VOR Softkey or from the page menu. The FMS Knob or ENT Key is used to scroll through the list. The cursor is placed on the frequency with the FREQ Softkey and loaded into the NAV Tuning Box with the ENT Key. Press the ENT Key to Load the Frequency into the NAV Standby Field.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS While enroute, NAV frequencies can also be auto-tuned from the NRST – Nearest Airports, WPT – Airport Information, WPT – VOR Information, and NRST – Nearest Frequencies Pages on the MFD in a similar manner using the appropriate softkeys or MENU Key, the FMS Knob, and the ENT Key. Figure 4-37 NRST – Nearest Frequencies, WPT – VOR Information, WPT – Airport Information, and NRST – Nearest Airports Pages 190-00709-05 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING NAV FREQUENCIES ON APPROACH ACTIVATION NOTE: The primary NAV frequency is auto-tuned upon loading a VOR or ILS/Localizer approach. NOTE: When an ILS/LOC approach has been activated in GPS Mode, the system switches to NAV Mode as the final approach course is intercepted (within 15 nm of the FAF). See the Flight Management Section for details. NAV frequencies are automatically loaded into the NAV Frequency Box on approach activation, on both PFD1 and PFD2.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS MARKER BEACON RECEIVER NOTE: The marker beacon indicators operate independently of marker beacon audio and cannot be turned off. The marker beacon receiver is used as part of the ILS. The marker beacon receiver is always on and detects any marker beacon signals within the reception range of the aircraft. The receiver detects the three marker tones – outer, middle, and inner – and provides the marker beacon annunciations located to the left of the Altimeter on the PFD.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ADF/DME TUNING NOTE: When another auxiliary window is turned on, the ADF/DME Tuning Window is replaced on the PFD. See the Flight Instruments Section for displaying the DME and bearing information windows (ADF) and using the ADF as the source for the bearing pointer. The G1000 system tunes the ADF receiver (optional) and DME transceiver (optional). The ADF is tuned by entering the frequency in the ADF standby frequency field of the ADF/DME Tuning Window.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ADF TUNING ADF frequencies in the 190.0-kHz to 1799.5-kHz range are entered in the standby ADF frequency field of the ADF/DME Tuning Window. The G1000 System does not tune the ADF emergency frequency, 2182.0‑kHz. Tuning an ADF frequency: 1) Press the ADF/DME Softkey to display the ADF/DME Tuning Window. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the selection cursor over the standby ADF frequency field. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to begin data entry and change each digit.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SELECTING ADF RECEIVER MODE The following modes can be selected: (In all modes NDB audio can be heard by pressing the ADF Key on the Audio Panel.) • ANT (Antenna) – The ADF bearing pointer parks on the HSI at 90 degrees. Best mode for listening to NDB audio. • ADF (Automatic Direction Finder) – The ADF pointer points to the relative bearing of the NDB station.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS DME TUNING NOTE: When turning on the G1000 for use, the system remembers the last frequency used for DME tuning and the NAV1, NAV2, or HOLD state prior to shutdown. The DME transceiver is tuned by selecting NAV1, NAV2, or HOLD in the ADF/DME Tuning Window. DME Modes Figure 4-45 ADF/DME Tuning Window, DME Modes The following DME transceiver pairings can be selected: • NAV1 – Pairs the DME frequency from the selected NAV1 frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.5 GTX 33/33D MODE S TRANSPONDERS The GTX 33 Mode S Transponder and GTX 33D Diversity Mode S Transponder provide Mode A, Mode C, and Mode S interrogation and reply capabilities. Diversity incorporates antennas mounted on the top and bottom of the aircraft for dependable operation while maneuvering.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS TRANSPONDER CONTROLS Transponder function is displayed on three levels of softkeys on the PFD: Top-level, Mode Selection, and Code Selection. When the top-level XPDR Softkey is pressed, the Mode Selection softkeys appear: XPDR1, XPDR2, STBY, ON, ALT, VFR, CODE, IDENT, BACK. When the CODE Softkey is pressed, the number softkeys appear: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, IDENT, BKSP, BACK. The digits 8 and 9 are not used for code entry.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS TRANSPONDER MODE SELECTION Mode selection can be automatic (Ground and Altitude Modes) or manual (Standby, ON, and Altitude Modes). The STBY, ON, and ALT Softkeys can be accessed by pressing the XPDR Softkey. Selecting a transponder mode: 1) Press the XPDR Softkey to display the Transponder Mode Selection Softkeys. 2) Press the desired softkey to activate the transponder mode. GROUND MODE Ground Mode is normally selected automatically when the aircraft is on the ground.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS MANUAL ON MODE ON Mode can be selected at any time by pressing the ON Softkey. ON Mode generates Mode A and Mode S replies, but Mode C altitude reporting is inhibited. In ON Mode, a green ON indication and transponder code appear in the mode field of the Transponder Data Box. ON Mode (No Altitude Reporting) Figure 4-49 ON Mode ALTITUDE MODE (AUTOMATIC OR MANUAL) Altitude Mode is automatically selected when the aircraft becomes airborne.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ENTERING A TRANSPONDER CODE Entering a transponder code with softkeys: 1) Press the XPDR Softkey to display the Transponder Mode Selection Softkeys. 2) Press the CODE Softkey to display the Transponder Code Selection Softkeys, for digit entry. 3) Press the digit softkeys to enter the code in the code field. When entering the code, the next softkey in sequence must be pressed within 10 seconds, or the entry is cancelled and restored to the previous code.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS VFR CODE The VFR code can be entered either manually or by pressing the XPDR Softkey, then the VFR Softkey. When the VFR Softkey is pressed, the pre-programmed VFR code is automatically displayed in the code field of the Transponder Data Box. Pressing the VFR Softkey again restores the previous identification code. The pre-programmed VFR Code is set at the factory to 1200. If a VFR code change is required, contact a Garmin-authorized service center for configuration.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS FLIGHT ID REPORTING NOTE: If the Flight ID is required but the system is not configured for it, contact a Garmin-authorized service center for configuration. When the Flight ID must be entered before flight operation, the identifier is placed in the Timer/References Window on the PFD. The system allows entry of up to eight characters. No space is needed when entering Flight ID. When a Flight ID contains a space, the system automatically removes it upon completion of Flight ID entry.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.6 ADDITIONAL AUDIO PANEL FUNCTIONS POWER-UP The Audio Panels perform a self-test during power-up. During the self-test all Audio Panel annunciator lights illuminate for approximately two seconds. Once the self-test is completed, most of the settings are restored to those in use before the unit was last turned off. The exceptions are the cabin and intercom, which are always selected during power up. MONO/STEREO HEADSETS Stereo headsets are recommended for use in this aircraft.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS INTERCOM Pressing the INTR COM Key on either Audio Panel selects and deselects the intercom on both Audio Panels. The annunciator is lit when the intercom is active. The intercom connects the pilot and copilot together. Either the pilot or copilot may select or deselect the intercom. The CABIN Key initiates two way communication between the pilot or copilot and the passengers in the cabin. The annunciator is lit when the cabin intercom is active on either Audio Panel.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS PASSENGER ADDRESS (PA) SYSTEM A passenger address system is provided by pressing the PA Key to deliver messages to the passengers. The message is heard by the other pilot on the headset only if the other pilot’s PA Key is enabled. PA messages are one way from the flight deck to the passengers. A Push-to-talk (PTT) must be pressed to deliver PA announcements to the passengers over their headphones.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS CLEARANCE RECORDER AND PLAYER NOTE: Pressing the play key on the pilot’s Audio Panel plays recorded audio to the Pilot. Pressing the play key on the Copilot’s Audio Panel plays recorded audio to the Copilot. The Audio Panel contains a digital clearance recorder that records up to 2.5 minutes of the selected COM radio signal. Recorded COM audio is stored in separate memory blocks. Once 2.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ENTERTAINMENT INPUTS NOTE: MUSIC 1 and MUSIC 2 inputs cannot be completely turned off. Audio level for MUSIC 1 and MUSIC 2 can be adjusted by a Garmin-authorized service center. The Audio Panel provides two stereo auxiliary entertainment inputs: MUSIC 1 and MUSIC 2. These inputs are compatible with popular portable entertainment devices such as MP3 and CD players. Two 3.5-mm stereo phone jacks are installed in convenient locations for audio connection.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.7 AUDIO PANELS PREFLIGHT PROCEDURE NOTE: If the pilot and/or copilot are using headsets that have a high/low switch or volume control knob, verify that the switch is in the high position and the volume control on the headsets are at maximum volume setting. On single‑pilot flights, verify that all other headsets are not connected to avoid excess noise in the audio system.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS Independent radio volume adjustments made using the PFD controls affect only the audio output for each radio selected for adjustment. Radio volume adjustment affects both crew positions equally for each radio that is adjusted. Turning the master volume control located on either Audio Panel affects only the audio heard in the corresponding crew position headset.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.8 ABNORMAL OPERATION Abnormal operation of the G1000 includes equipment failures of the G1000 components and failure of associated equipment, including switches and external devices. STUCK MICROPHONE If the push-to-talk (PTT) Key becomes stuck, the COM transmitter stops transmitting after 35 seconds of continuous operation. An alert appears on the PFD to advise the crew of a stuck microphone.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS PFD FAILURE If PFD1 fails, COM1 and NAV1 display a red X on both remaining displays. NAV1 is unavailable. COM1 automatically tunes 121.500 MHz, but the frequency is not shown. The COM1 emergency frequency is available to both the copilot and pilot. Emergency Channel Loaded Automatically Figure 4-65 Frequency Section of PFD2 Display after PFD1 Failure If PFD2 fails, COM2 and NAV2 display a red X on the remaining PFD display. NAV2 is unavailable. COM2 tunes 121.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUDIO PANEL FAIL-SAFE OPERATION If there is a failure of both Audio Panels, a fail-safe circuit connects the pilot’s headset and microphone directly to the COM1 transceiver and the copilot’s headset directly to the COM2 transceiver. Audio is not available on the speakers. If there is a failure of one Audio Panel, that side only has access to their respective on-side failsafe COM.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SECTION 5 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.1 INTRODUCTION The G1000 is an integrated flight, engine, communication, navigation and surveillance system. This section of the Pilot’s Guide explains GPS navigation using the G1000. The most prominent part of the G1000 are the three full color displays: two Primary Flight Displays (PFD) and a Multi Function Display (MFD). The information to successfully navigate the aircraft using the GPS sensors is displayed on the PFD and the MFD.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Navigation Status Box Navigation Mode Inset Map Location of: - Direct To Window - Flight Plan Window - Procedures Window - Nearest Airports Window Figure 5-1 GPS Navigation Information on the PFD Navigation Status Box Map Orientation Navigation Page Title Navigation Map - Aviation Data - Geographic Data - Topographic Data - Hazard Data Flight Plan Leg Aircraft Icon at Present Position Active Flight Plan Leg Map Range Figure 5-2 GPS Navigation Information on the MFD Navigation Pag
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT • Active flight plan leg (e.g., ‘D-> KICT’ or ‘KIXD -> KCOS’) or flight plan annunciations (e.g., ‘Turn right to 021˚ in 8 seconds’) The Navigation Status Box located at the top of the MFD contains four data fields, each displaying one of the following items: • Distance (DIS) and Bearing (BRG) to the next waypoint or flight plan annunciations (e.g.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.2 USING MAP DISPLAYS Map displays are used extensively in the G1000 to provide situational awareness in flight. Most G1000 maps can display the following information: • Airports, NAVAIDs, airspaces, airways, land data • Aircraft icon (representing present position) (highways, cities, lakes, rivers, borders, etc.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT • Desired track up (DTK UP) aligns the top of the map display to the desired course. • Heading up (HDG UP) aligns the top of the map display to the current aircraft heading. NOTE: When panning or reviewing active flight plan legs in a non-North Up orientation, the map does not show the map orientation nor the wind direction and speed. NOTE: Map orientation can only be changed on the Navigation Map Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Map Group Selection Orientation Field Auto North Up - On/Off - Minimum Range Figure 5-5 Map Setup Menu Window - Map Group The map can be configured to switch automatically to a north up orientation when the map range reaches a minimum range. Enabling/disabling Auto North Up and selecting the minimum switching range: 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Press the ENT Key. The Map Setup Menu is displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Range Overzoom Figure 5-6 Map Range AUTO ZOOM Auto zoom allows the system to change the map display range to the smallest range clearly showing the active waypoint. Auto zoom can be overridden by adjusting the range with the Joystick, and remains until the active waypoint changes, a terrain or traffic alert occurs, the aircraft takes off, or the manual override times out (timer set on Map Setup Window). Auto zoom is suspended while the map pointer is active.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT • When the minimum ‘look forward’ time is set to zero, the lower limit becomes 1.5 nm. Auto Zoom: Off, MFD Only, PFD Only, All On Manual Range Override Expiration Time Maximum Look Forward Time Minimum Look Forward Time Figure 5-7 Map Setup Menu Window - Map Group, Auto Zoom Configuring automatic zoom: 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Press the ENT Key. The Map Setup Menu is displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT MAP PANNING Map panning allows the pilot to: • View parts of the map outside the displayed range without adjusting the map range • Highlight and select locations on the map • Review information for a selected airport, NAVAID or user waypoint • Designate locations for use in flight planning • View airspace and airway information When the panning function is selected by pressing the Joystick, the Map Pointer flashes on the map display.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT When the Map Pointer is placed on an object, the name of the object is highlighted (even if the name was not originally displayed on the map). When any map feature or object is selected on the map display, pertinent information is displayed. Information about Point of Interest Map Pointer on POI Figure 5-9 Navigation Map - Map Pointer on Point of Interest 178 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT When the Map Pointer crosses an airspace boundary, the boundary is highlighted and airspace information is shown at the top of the display. The information includes the name and class of airspace, the ceiling in feet above Mean Sea Level (MSL), and the floor in feet MSL. Information about Airspace Map Pointer on Airspace Figure 5-10 Navigation Map - Map Pointer on Airspace Panning the map: 1) Press the Joystick to display the Map Pointer.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Reviewing information for an airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint: 1) Place the Map Pointer on a waypoint. 2) Press the ENT Key to display the Waypoint Information Page for the selected waypoint. 3) Select the GO BACK Softkey, the CLR Key, or the ENT Key to exit the Waypoint Information Page and return to the Navigation Map showing the selected waypoint.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Viewing airspace information for a special-use or controlled airspace: 1) Place the Map Pointer on an open area within the boundaries of an airspace. 2) Press the ENT Key to display an options menu. 3) ‘Review Airspaces’ should already be highlighted, if not select it. Press the ENT Key to display the Airspace Information Page for the selected airspace. 4) Press the CLR or ENT Key to exit the Airspace Information Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT MEASURING BEARING AND DISTANCE Distance and bearing from the aircraft’s present position to any point on the viewable navigation map may be calculated using the ‘Measure Bearing and Distance’ selection from Navigation Map page menu. The bearing and distance tool displays a dashed Measurement Line and a Measure Pointer to aid in graphically identifying points with which to measure.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT TOPOGRAPHY All navigation maps can display various shades of topography colors representing land elevation, similar to aviation sectional charts. Topographic data can be displayed or removed as described in the following procedures.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT TOPO DATA On/Off TOPO DATA Range Figure 5-15 Navigation Map Setup Menu - TOPO DATA Setup The topographic data range is the maximum map range on which topographic data is displayed. NOTE: Since the PFD Inset Map is much smaller than the MFD navigation maps, items are removed on the PFD Inset Map two range levels smaller than the range selected in the Map Setup pages (e.g.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT In addition, the Navigation Map can display a topographic scale (located in the lower right hand side of the map) showing a scale of the terrain elevation and current elevation values.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT MAP SYMBOLS This section discusses the types of land and aviation symbols that can be displayed. Each listed type of symbol can be turned on or off, and the maximum range to display each symbol can be set. The decluttering of the symbols from the map using the DCLTR Softkey is also discussed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AVIATION SYMBOLS The following items are configured on the aviation menu: Aviation Symbols (Text label size can be None, Small, Medium (Med), or Large (Lrg)) Symbol Default Maximum Range (nm) Range (nm) Active Flight Plan Leg (ACTIVE FPL) 2000 2000 Non-active Flight Plan Leg (ACTIVE FPL) 2000 2000 2000 200 150 50 3 Off 15 2000 500 300 100 20 100 30 Non-directional Beacon (NDB WAYPOINT) 15 30 VOR (VOR WAYPOINT) 150 300 Class B Airspace/TMA (CLASS B/TMA) 200 500 Class C
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYMBOL SETUP All pages with maps can display land symbols (roads, lakes, borders, etc). Land symbols can be removed totally (turned off). Displaying/removing all land symbols: 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The Page Menu is displayed and the cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Press the ENT Key. The Map Setup Group Menu is displayed and the cursor flashes on the ‘Map’ option. 3) Highlight the ‘LAND DATA’ field. 4) Select ‘On’ or ‘Off’.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 8) Select the desired range. 9) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected range. 10) Press the FMS Knob to return to the Navigation Map Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT MAP DECLUTTER The declutter feature allows the pilot to progressively step through four levels of removing map information. The declutter level is displayed in the DCLTR Softkey and next to the Declutter Menu Option. Declutter Level DCLTR Softkey Navigation Map Page Menu Figure 5-21 Navigation Map - Declutter Level Indications Decluttering the map: Select the DCLTR Softkey with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The current declutter level is shown.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Table 5-3 lists the items that are decluttered at each map detail level. The ‘X’ represents map items decluttered for each level of detail.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AIRWAYS This airways discussion is based upon the North American airway structure. The airway structure in places other than North America vary by location, etc. and are not discussed in this book. Low Altitude Airways (or Victor Airways) primarily serve smaller piston-engine, propeller-driven airplanes on shorter routes and at lower altitudes. Airways are eight nautical miles wide and start 1,200 feet above ground level (AGL) and extend up to 18,000 feet mean sea level (MSL).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Airways may be displayed on the map at the pilot’s discretion using either a combination of AIRWAYS Softkey selections, or menu selections using the MENU Key from the Navigation Map Page. The Airway range can also be programmed to only display Airways on the MFD when the map range is at or below a specific number. Displaying/removing airways: 1) Select the MAP Softkey. 2) Select the AIRWAYS Softkey. Both High and Low Altitude Airways are displayed (AIRWY ON).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The following range items are configurable on the airways menu: Airway Type Symbol Default Maximum Range (nm) Range (nm) Low Altitude Airway (LOW ALT AIRWAY) 200 500 High Altitude Airway (HI ALT AIRWAY) 300 500 Table 5-4 Airway Range Information TRACK VECTOR The Navigation Map can display a track vector that is useful in minimizing track angle error. The track vector is a solid cyan line segment extended to a predicted location.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Wind Vector On/Off Nav Range Ring On/Off SVT Field of View On/Off Selected Altitude Arc On/Off Track Vector - On/Off - Look Ahead Time Fuel Range - On/Off - Fuel Reserve Time Figure 5-25 Navigation Map Setup Menu - TRACK VECTOR, WIND VECTOR, NAV RANGE RING, FUEL RNG (RSV), FIELD OF VIEW, SEL ALT ARC Setup WIND VECTOR The map displays a wind vector arrow in the upper right-hand portion of the screen.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NAV RANGE RING The Nav Range Ring shows the direction of travel (ground track) on a rotating compass card. The range is determined by the map range. The range is 1/4 of the map range (e.g., 37.5 nm on a 150 nm map). Range (radius) Nav Range Ring Figure 5-27 Navigation Map - Nav Range Ring NOTE: The Nav Range Ring is not displayed on the Waypoint Information pages, Nearest pages, or Direct-to Window map.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FUEL RANGE RING The map can display a fuel range ring which shows the remaining flight distance. A dashed green circle indicates the selected range to reserve fuel. A solid green circle indicates the total endurance range. If only reserve fuel remains, the range is indicated by a solid yellow circle.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FIELD OF VIEW (SVS) The map can display the boundaries of the PFD Synthetic Vision System (SVS) lateral field of view. The field of view is shown as two dashed lines forming a V shape in front of the aircraft symbol on the map. This is only available if SVS is installed on the aircraft. Lateral Field of View Boundaries Figure 5-29 Navigation Map - Field of View Displaying/removing the field of view: 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SELECTED ALTITUDE INTERCEPT ARC The map can display the location along the current track where the aircraft will intercept the selected altitude. The location will be shown as a cyan arc when the aircraft is actuallly climbing or descending. Range to Altitude Arc Figure 5-30 Navigation Map - Range to Altitude Arc Displaying/removing the selected altitude intercept arc: 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.3 WAYPOINTS Waypoints are predetermined geographical positions (internal database) or pilot-entered positions, and are used for all phases of flight planning and navigation. Communication and navigation frequencies can be tuned “automatically” from various Waypoint Information (WPT) pages, Nearest (NRST) pages, and the Nearest Airports Window (on PFD). This auto-tuning feature simplifies frequency entry over manual tuning.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Identifier with Duplicates Duplicate Waypoints Duplicate Message Figure 5-32 Waypoint Information Window - Duplicate Identifier AIRPORTS NOTE: ‘North Up’ orientation on the Airport Information Page cannot be changed; the pilot needs to be aware of proper orientation if the Navigation Map orientation is different from the Airport Information Page Map.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Airport Information - ID/Facility/City - Usage Type/Region - Lat/Long/Elev - Fuel Available - Time Zone (UTC Offset) Navigation Map Showing Selected Airport Runway Information - Designation - Length/Width/Surface - Lighting Available Airport/ Runway Diagram COM/NAV Freq. Info.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Airport Directory Information Airport Information - ID/Facility/City - Usage Type/Region Softkeys Figure 5-34 Airport Directory Page Example The airport directory information is viewed on the Airport Directory Page by pressing the INFO softkey until INFO-2 is displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Selecting an airport for review by identifier, facility name, or location: 1) From the Airport Information Page, press the FMS Knob. 2) Use the FMS Knobs and enter an identifier, facility name, or location. 3) Press the ENT Key. 4) Press the FMS Knob to remove the cursor. Selecting a runway: 1) With the Airport Information Page displayed, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the cursor in the ‘RUNWAYS’ Box, on the runway designator.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Bearing/Distance to Airport Airport Identifier/ Type Approach Available Length of Longest Runway COM Freq. Info. - Identification - Frequency Additional Airports (within 200 nm) NRST Softkey Figure 5-35 Nearest Airports Window on PFD Pressing the ENT Key displays the PFD Airport Information Window for the highlighted airport. Pressing the ENT Key again returns to the Nearest Airports Window with the cursor on the next airport in the list.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Nearest Airports - ID/Type - Bearing/Distance Airport Information - Facility/City/Elevation Runway Information - Designation/Surface - Length/Width Nearest Airport COM/NAV Freq. Info.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Viewing runway information for a specific airport: 1) With the Nearest Airports Page displayed, select the RNWY Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Select Runway Window’; and press the ENT Key. The cursor is placed in the ‘RUNWAYS’ Box. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired runway. 3) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. See the Audio Panel and CNS Section for frequency selection and the Procedures section for approaches.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT INTERSECTIONS NOTE: The VOR displayed on the Intersection Information Page is the nearest VOR, not necessarily the VOR used to define the intersection. The Intersection Information Page is used to view information about intersections. In addition to displaying a map of the currently selected intersection and surrounding area, the Intersection Information Page displays intersection information in three boxes labeled ‘INTERSECTION’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘NEAREST VOR’.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The Nearest Intersections Page can be used to quickly find an intersection close to the flight path. In addition to displaying a map of the surrounding area, the page displays information for up to 25 nearest intersections in three boxes labeled ‘NEAREST INT’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘REFERENCE VOR’. The selected intersection is indicated by a white arrow. Up to seventeen intersections are visible at a time. If there are more than can be shown, the list can be scrolled.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NDBS The NDB Information Page is used to view information about NDBs. In addition to displaying a map of the currently selected NDB and surrounding area, the page displays NDB information in four boxes labeled ‘NDB’, ‘INFORMATION’, ‘FREQUENCY’, and ‘NEAREST AIRPORT’.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The Nearest NDB Page can be used to quickly find a NDB close to the flight path. In addition to displaying a map of the surrounding area, the page displays information for up to 25 nearest NDBs in three boxes labeled ‘NEAREST NDB’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘FREQUENCY’. A white arrow before the NDB identifier indicates the selected NDB. Up to sixteen NDBs are visible at a time. If there are more than can be shown, each list can be scrolled. The list only includes waypoints that are within 200nm.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT VORS The VOR Information Page can be used to view information about VOR and ILS signals (since ILS signals can be received on a NAV receiver), or to quickly auto-tune a VOR or ILS frequency. Localizer information cannot be viewed on the VOR Information Page. If a VOR station is combined with a TACAN station it is listed as a VORTAC on the VOR Information Page and if it includes only DME, it is displayed as VOR-DME.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Or: 1) With the Nearest VOR Page displayed, press the MENU Key. 2) Highlight ‘Select VOR Window’, and press the ENT Key. 3) Press the ENT Key or turn either FMS Knob to select an identifier in the Nearest VOR Box. 4) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. The Nearest VOR Page can be used to quickly find a VOR station close to the aircraft. Also, a NAV frequency from a selected VOR station can be loaded from the Nearest VOR Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT USER WAYPOINTS The G1000 can create and store up to 1,000 user-defined waypoints. User waypoints can be created from any map page (except PFD Inset Map, AUX-Trip Planning Page, or Procedure Pages) by selecting a position on the map using the Joystick, or from the User Waypoint Information Page by referencing a bearing/distance from an existing waypoint, bearings from two existing waypoints, or latitude and longitude. Once a waypoint has been created, it can be renamed, deleted, or moved.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Nearest User Wpt List - Identifier - Bearing/Distance from aircraft position Navigation Map Showing Selected User Waypoint Selected User Waypoint User Waypoint Info - Comment - Lat/Long Reference Wpt Info - Identifier - Radial/Distance Figure 5-46 Nearest User Waypoint Page CREATING USER WAYPOINTS User waypoints can be created from the User Waypoint Information Page in the following ways: Creating user waypoints from the User Waypoint Information Page: 1) Select the NEW Softkey,
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 6) If desired, change the storage method of the waypoint to “TEMPORARY” or “NORMAL” by moving the cursor to “TEMPORARY” and selecting the ENT Key to check or uncheck the box. 7) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. Or: 1) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Enter a user waypoint name (up to six characters). 3) Press the ENT Key. The message ‘Are you sure you want to create the new User Waypoint AAAAAA?’ is displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Creating user waypoints from map pages: 1) Press the Joystick to activate the panning function and pan to the map location of the desired user waypoint. 2) Press the ENT Key. The User Waypoint Information Page is displayed with the captured position.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Renaming user waypoints: 1) Highlight a user waypoint in the User Waypoint List. Select the RENAME Softkey, or press the MENU Key and select ‘Rename User Waypoint’. 2) Enter a new name. 3) Press the ENT Key. The message ‘Do you want to rename the user waypoint AAAAAA to BBBBBB?’ is displayed. 4) With ‘YES’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. 5) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT DELETING USER WAYPOINTS Deleting a single user waypoint: 1) Highlight a User Waypoint in the User Waypoint List, or enter a waypoint in the User Waypoint field. 2) Select the DELETE Softkey or press the CLR Key. ‘Yes’ is highlighted in the confirmation window. 3) Press the ENT Key. 4) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. Or: 1) Highlight a User Waypoint in the User Waypoint List, or enter a waypoint in the User Waypoint field. 2) Press the MENU Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.4 AIRSPACES The G1000 can display the following types of airspaces: Class B/TMA, Class C/TCA, Class D, Restricted, MOA (Military), Other Airspace, Air Defense Interdiction Zone (ADIZ), and Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR). Class D Airspace MOA (Military) Class B Airspace Restricted Area TFR Alert Area Class C Airspace ADIZ Warning Area Figure 5-48 Airspaces 220 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The Nearest Airspaces Page, Airspace Alerts Window, and Airspace Alerts on the PFD provide additional information about airspaces and the location of the aircraft in relationship to them. The Airspace Alerts Box allows the pilot to turn the controlled/special-use airspace message alerts on or off. This does not affect the alerts listed on the Nearest Airspaces Page or the airspace boundaries depicted on the Navigation Map Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Airspace Alerts Box - Airspace Altitude Buffer - Alert On/Off (Default Settings Shown) DFLTS Softkey Figure 5-49 System Setup Page - Airspace Alerts Map ranges for the airspace boundaries are selected from the Aviation Group in the Map Setup Menu. See Table 5-2 for the default and maximum ranges for each type of airspace and the symbol used to define the airspace area. 222 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The Nearest Airspaces Page can be used to quickly find airspaces close to the flight path. In addition, a selected frequency associated with the airspace can be loaded from the Nearest Airspaces Page. In addition to displaying a map of airspace boundaries and surrounding area, the Nearest Airspaces Page displays airspace information in four boxes labeled ‘AIRSPACE ALERTS’, ‘AIRSPACE, AGENCY’, ‘VERTICAL LIMITS’, and ‘FREQUENCIES’.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Pressing the PFD MSG Softkey displays the message window on the PFD. The following airspace alerts are displayed in the message window: Message INSIDE ARSPC – Inside airspace. ARSPC AHEAD – Airspace ahead – less than 10 minutes. ARSPC NEAR – Airspace near and ahead. ARSPC NEAR – Airspace near – less than 2 nm. Comments The aircraft is inside the special use airspace. Special use airspace is ahead of aircraft. The aircraft penetrates the airspace within 10 minutes.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.5 DIRECT-TO-NAVIGATION The Direct-to method of navigation, initiated by pressing the Direct-to Key on either the MFD or PFD, is quicker to use than a flight plan when the desire is to navigate to a single point such as a nearby airport. Once a direct-to is activated, the G1000 establishes a point-to-point course line from the present position to the selected direct-to destination.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Direct-to Point Info - Identifier/Symbol/City - Facility Name VNV Constraints - Altitude at Arrival - Along Track Offset Direct-to Point Info - Bearing/Distance - Desired Course Activation Command Figure 5-52 Direct-to Window - PFD Any waypoint can be entered as a direct-to destination from the Direct-to Window. Entering a waypoint identifier, facility name, or city as a direct-to destination: 1) Press the Direct-to Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 3) Select the desired waypoint. 4) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed on ‘ACTIVATE?’. 5) Press the ENT Key again to activate the direct-to. Or: 1) Select the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD, or the Active Flight Plan Window on the PFD. 2) Select the desired waypoint. 3) Press the Direct-to Key. 4) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed on ‘ACTIVATE?’. 5) Press the ENT Key again to activate the direct-to.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 3) Press the Direct-to Key. 4) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed on ‘ACTIVATE?’. 5) Press the ENT Key again to activate the direct-to. Direct-to destinations may also be selected by using the pointer on the navigation map pages. If no airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint exists at the desired location, a temporary waypoint named ‘MAPWPT’ is automatically created at the location of the map arrow.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT When navigating a direct-to, the G1000 sets a direct great circle course to the selected destination. The course to a destination can also be manually selected using the course field (‘COURSE’) on the Direct-to Window. Selecting a manual direct-to course: 1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Direct-to Window is displayed with the destination field highlighted. 2) Highlight the course field. 3) Enter the desired course. 4) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed on ‘ACTIVATE?’.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Removing a VNV altitude constraint: 1) Press the Direct-to Key to display the Direct-to Window. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Clear Vertical Constraints’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. Page Menu - Clear Vertical Navigation Constraints Figure 5-55 Direct-to Window - Clearing Vertical Constraints 230 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.6 FLIGHT PLANNING Flight planning on the G1000 consists of building a flight plan by entering waypoints one at a time, adding waypoints along airways, and inserting departures, airways, arrivals, or approaches as needed. The G1000 allows flight planning information to be entered from either the MFD or PFD.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT update of an airway can fail during this process. If that happens, the airway waypoints are changed to regular (non-airway) flight plan waypoints, and an alert is displayed (see Miscellaneous Messages in Appendix A). The following could cause the airway update to fail: • Airway identifier, entry waypoint or exit waypoint not found in the new database.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Active Flight Plan Comment Active Flight Plan Leg Active Flight Plan Waypoint List - Waypoint ID - Desired Track to Waypoint - Distance to Waypoint - Airway Identifier Figure 5-57 Active Flight Plan Window on PFD Catalog Contents - # Used - # Empty Flight Plan List - Comment Selected Flight Plan Map Selected FPL Info - Departure Waypoint - Destination Waypoint - Total Flight Plan Distance - Enroute Safe Altitude Softkeys Figure 5-58 Flight Plan Catalog Page 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The active flight plan is listed on the active Flight Plan Page on the MFD, and in the Active Flight Plan Window on the PFD. It is the flight plan to which the G1000 is currently providing guidance, and is shown on the navigation maps. Stored flight plans are listed on the Flight Plan Catalog Page, and are available for activation (becomes the active flight plan). Creating an active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor (only on MFD).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Flight plans can be imported from an SD Card or exported to an SD Card from the Stored Flight Plan Page. Importing a Flight Plan from an SD Card 1) Insert the SD card containing the flight plan in the top card slot on the MFD. 2) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 4) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 5) Turn either FMS Knob to highlight an empty or existing flight plan.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NOTE: If the imported flight plan contains a waypoint with a name that duplicates the name of a waypoint already stored on the system, the system compares the coordinates of the imported waypoint with those of the existing waypoint. If the coordinates are different, the imported waypoint is automatically renamed by adding characters to the end of the name. Exporting a Flight Plan to an SD Card 1) Insert the SD card into the top card slot on the MFD.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ADDING WAYPOINTS TO AN EXISTING FLIGHT PLAN Waypoints can be added to the active flight plan or any stored flight plan. Choose the flight plan, select the desired point of insertion, enter the waypoint, and it is added in front of the selected waypoint. Flight plans are limited to 99 waypoints (including waypoints within airways and procedures). If the number of waypoints in the flight plan exceeds 99, the message “Flight plan is full. Remove unnecessary waypoints.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Adding a waypoint to a stored flight plan: 1) On the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Highlight the desired flight plan. 3) Select the EDIT Softkey; or press the ENT Key, turn the large FMS Knob clockwise to select “EDIT” and press the ENT Key. The Stored Flight Plan Page is displayed. 4) Select the point in the flight plan to add the new waypoint. The new waypoint is placed directly in front of the highlighted waypoint.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window. (Turning it clockwise displays a blank Waypoint Information Window, turning it counter-clockwise displays the Waypoint Information Window with a waypoint selection submenu allowing selection of active flight plan, nearest, recent, user, or airway waypoints). 5) Enter the identifier, facility, or city name of the waypoint or select a waypoint from the submenu of waypoints and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Adding an airway to a flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor (not required on the PFD). 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the waypoint after the desired airway entry point. If this waypoint is not a valid airway entry point, a valid entry point should be entered at this time. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob one click clockwise and select the LD AIRWY Softkey, or press the MENU Key and select “Load Airway”. The Select Airway Page is displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Inserted Airway Header - Airway Identifier: [airway identifier].[exit waypoint identifier] (e.g., V4.SLN) Figure 5-66 Active Flight Plan Page - Airway Inserted RESTRICTIONS ON ADDING AIRWAYS Some airways have directional restrictions on all or part of the route. Airway “A2” in Europe has a directional restriction over the whole route such that it can be flown only in the direction MTD-ABB-BNE-DEVAL.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ADDING PROCEDURES TO A STORED FLIGHT PLAN The G1000 allows the pilot to insert pre-defined instrument procedures from the navigation database into a flight plan. The procedures are designed to facilitate routing of traffic leaving an airport (departure), arriving at an airport (arrival), and landing at an airport (approach). See the procedures section for more details.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT DEPARTURE (DP) A Departure Procedure (DP) is loaded at the departure airport in the flight plan. Only one departure can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route is defined by selection of a departure, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Departure Airport Selected Departure Selected Runway Preview of Selected Departure Selected Transition Departure Transition Points Available Selected Departure End Point Figure 5-69 Departure Loading Page - Selecting Transition Inserted Departure Header - Departure Identifier: [departure airport]-[departure runway]. [departure transition]. [departure end point] (e.g., KMKC-ALL.WLDCT2.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ARRIVAL (STAR) A Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) is loaded at the destination airport in the flight plan. Only one arrival can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route is defined by selection of an arrival, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Destination Airport Selected Arrival Selected Transition Transitions Available with DBRY1 Arrival Waypoint Sequence Preview of Selected Arrival Figure 5-72 Arrival Loading Page - Selecting the Transition Inserted Arrival Header - Arrival Identifier: [arrival airport]-[arrival transition]. [arrival].[arrival runway] (e.g., KCOS-TBE.DBRY1.ALL) Figure 5-73 Stored Flight Plan Page - Arrival Inserted 246 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT APPROACH (APPR) An Approach Procedure (APPR) can be loaded at any airport that has an approach available. Only one approach can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route for a selected approach is defined by designating transition waypoints.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5) Select a transition for the selected approach. Press the ENT Key. 6) Press the ENT Key to load the selected approach procedure. Destination Airport Selected Approach Selected Transition Transitions Available with Selected Approach Preview of Selected Approach Approach Waypoint Sequence Load Approach? Figure 5-75 Approach Loading Page - Selecting the Transition Inserted Approach Header - Approach Identifier: [approach airport].[runway and approach type] (e.g.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT PLAN STORAGE The G1000 can store up to 99 flight plans, numbered 1 through 99. The active flight plan is erased when the G1000 is powered off or when another flight plan is activated. Details about each stored flight plan can be viewed on the Flight Plan Catalog Page and on the Stored Flight Plan Page. Viewing information about a stored flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key on the MFD to display the Active Flight Plan Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ACTIVATE A FLIGHT PLAN Activating a stored flight plan erases the active flight plan and replaces it with the flight plan being activated. Inverting a stored flight plan reverses the waypoint order, erases the active flight plan, and replaces it with the flight plan being activated (the stored flight plan is not changed) Activating a stored flight plan on the MFD: 1) Press the FPL Key and turn the small FMS Knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT DELETE A STORED FLIGHT PLAN Individual or all stored flight plans can be deleted from the G1000 memory. Deleting a stored flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key and turn the small FMS Knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the desired flight plan. 3) Select the DELETE Softkey; press the CLR Key; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Delete Flight Plan’, and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT DELETING FLIGHT PLAN ITEMS Individual waypoints, entire airways, and entire procedures can be deleted from a flight plan. Some waypoints in the final approach segment (such as the FAF or MAP) can not be deleted individually. Attempting to delete a waypoint that is not allowed results in a window displaying ‘Invalid flight plan modification.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Deleting an individual waypoint from a stored flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob clockwise one click to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 3) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the flight plan to be edited. 4) Select the EDIT Softkey; or press the MENU Key, select ‘Edit Flight Plan’ and press the ENT Key. The Stored Flight Plan Page is displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob clockwise one click to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 3) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the flight plan to be edited. 4) Select the EDIT Softkey; or press the MENU Key, select ‘Edit Flight Plan’ and press the ENT Key. The Stored Flight Plan Page is displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT entered from 1 to 999 nm in increments of 1 nm. Entering a negative offset distance results in an along track offset waypoint inserted before the selected waypoint, whereas entering a positive offset distance results in an along track offset waypoint inserted after the selected waypoint. Multiple offset waypoints are allowed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT PARALLEL TRACK The Parallel Track (PTK) feature allows creation of a parallel course offset of 1 to 50 nm left or right of the current flight plan. When Parallel Track is activated, the course line drawn on the map pages shows the parallel course, and waypoint names have a lower case “p” placed after the identifier. Using direct-to, loading an approach, a holding pattern, or editing and activating the flight plan automatically cancels Parallel Track.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Offset Direction Offset Distance Activation Prompt Figure 5-80 Parallel Track Window Parallel Track Waypoints - TIFTO-p - TOP-p - ULNAZ-p - ... Activating Parallel Track affects the active flight plan from the current position on (will not affect an approach) Parallel Track Original Track Figure 5-81 Parallel Track Active If the parallel track proposed by the offset direction and distance is not allowed by the system, the activation prompt is displayed, but disabled.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Approach Leg Active’. If the offset direction and distance results in an unreasonable route geometry the status indicates that the system is unable to activate the parallel track because of invalid geometry.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ACTIVATING A FLIGHT PLAN LEG The G1000 allows selection of a highlighted leg as the “active leg” (the flight plan leg which is currently used for navigation guidance). Activating a flight plan leg: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD) 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor (not required on the PFD) and turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the destination waypoint for the desired leg.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT New Active Flight Plan Leg Confirmation Window Figure 5-85 Active Flight Plan Page - New Active Leg INVERTING A FLIGHT PLAN Any flight plan may be inverted (reversed) for navigation back to the original departure point. Inverting the active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD) 2) Press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Invert Flight Plan’, and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT PLAN VIEWS Information about flight plans can be viewed in more than one way. The active flight plan can be configured to show cumulative distance over the length of the flight plan or the distance for each leg of the flight plan; and the active flight plan can be viewed in a narrow or wide view. In the wide view, additional information is displayed: Fuel Remaining (FUEL REM), Estimated Time Enroute (ETE), Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA), and Bearing to the waypoint (BRG).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Active Flight Plan Narrow View Active Flight Plan Wide View WIDE Softkey, NARROW Softkey, LEG-LEG Softkey, CUM Softkey Figure 5-87 Active Flight Plan - Wide vs. Narrow View COLLAPSING AIRWAYS The G1000 allows airways on the active flight plan to be collapsed or expanded from the Active Flight Plan Page/Window. When airways have been collapsed, it is indicated on the airway heading.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Collapsing/expanding the airways in the active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD). 2) Press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Collapse Airways’ or ‘Expand Airways’, and press the ENT Key. The airways are collapsed/expanded.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Waypoint Selected Hold At Wpt Menu Selection Location of Hold Hold Entry Course Course Direction (INBOUND or OUTBOUND) Leg Length Mode Button (TIME or DIST)) Leg Length (Time in nm or Distance in minutes) Turn Direction (RIGHT or LEFT) Map of Hold Location Expect Further Clearance Time Load Hold in Active Flight Plan Figure 5-89 Creating a User Defined Holding Pattern at an Active Flight Plan Waypoint 264 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Creating a user-defined hold at the aircraft present position: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD). 2) Press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Hold At Present Position’, and press the ENT Key. The HOLD AT window appears with the course field highlighted. 3) If desired, use the FMS Knobs to entry the entry course, and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Removing a user-defined hold at an off-route direct-to: 1) Press a Direct To Key to display the DIRECT TO Window (PFD or MFD). 2) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU with the cursor on the ‘Cancel Direct-To NAV’ selection. 3) Press the ENT Key. The holding pattern is removed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Waypoint Selected Hold Entry Course Location of Hold Course Direction (INBOUND or OUTBOUND) Leg Length (Time in nm or Distance in minutes) Turn Direction (RIGHT or LEFT) Leg Length Mode Button (TIME or DIST)) Map of Hold Location Expect Further Clearance Time Hold At Direct To Waypoint selection Load Hold and Activate Direct To Figure 5-91 Creating a User Defined Holding Pattern at a Direct To Waypoint 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.7 VERTICAL NAVIGATION NOTE: The G1000 supports vertical navigation for all lateral leg types except for CA, CI, FA, FM, HA, HM, PI, VA, VD, VI, VR, and VM. Vertical constraints are not retained in stored flight plans. The G1000 system Vertical Navigation (VNV) feature provides vertical profile guidance during the enroute and teminal phases of flight. Guidance based on specified altitudes at waypoints in the active flight plan or to a direct-to waypoint is provided.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Disabling VNV guidance: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 2) Select the CNCL VNV Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Cancel VNV’, and press the ENT Key. Vertical navigation is disabled. Canceling vertical navigation results in vertical deviation (V DEV), vertical speed required (VS REQ), and time to top of descent/bottom of descent (TIME TO TOD/BOD) going invalid.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Activating a vertical navigation direct-to: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the desired waypoint. NOTE: The selected waypoint must have a designated altitude constraint (cyan number) to be used. If not, the first waypoint in the flight plan with a designated altitude constraint is selected.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT White Text Cyan Text Cyan Subdued Text Large Altitude calculated by the system Text estimating the altitude of the aircraft as it passes over the navigation point. This altitude is provided as a reference and is not designated to be used in determining vertical speed and deviation guidance. Altitude has been entered manually. Altitude is designated for use in giving vertical speed and deviation guidance.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT An altitude constraint is invalid if: • Meeting the constraint requires the aircraft to climb • Meeting the constraint requires the maximum flight path angle or maximum vertical speed to be exceeded • The altitude constraint results in a TOD behind the aircraft present position • The constraint is within a leg type for which altitude constraints are not supported • The altitude constraint is added to the FAF of an approach that provides vertical guidance (i.e.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Reverting a manually entered altitude constraint back to the navigation database value: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 2) Press the FMS Knob, and turn to highlight the desired waypoint altitude constraint. 3) Press the CLR Key. A ‘Remove or Revert to published VNV altitude of nnnnnFT?’ confirmation window is displayed. 4) Select ‘REVERT’ and press the ENT Key. The altitude is changed to the navigation database value.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.8 PROCEDURES The G1000 can access the whole range of instrument procedures available. Departures (DPs), arrivals (STARs), and non-precision and precision approaches (APPRs) are stored within the database and can be loaded using the Procedures (PROC) Key. The selected procedure for the departure or arrival airport is added to the active flight plan.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Available Procedure Actions Loaded Procedures Departure Preview Departure Airport Departure Choices Figure 5-92 Departure Selection Selected Departure Loaded Departure Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys Figure 5-93 Departure Loading 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Viewing available departures at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), select the DP Softkey. The Departure Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport information Page. 2) To select another airport, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, enter an identifier/facility name/city, and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Departure. The departure is previewed on the map.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ARRIVALS A Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) can be loaded at any airport that has one available. Only one arrival can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. If an arrival is loaded when another arrival is already in the active flight plan, the new arrival replaces the previous arrival. The route is defined by selection of an arrival, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Selected Arrival Loaded Arrival Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys Figure 5-95 Arrival Loading Viewing available arrivals at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), select the STAR Softkey. The Arrival Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport Information Page. 2) To select another airport, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, enter an identifier/facility name/city, and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 3) Press the ENT Key. A confirmation window is displayed listing the arrival procedure. 4) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. To cancel the removal request, highlight ‘CANCEL’ and press the ENT Key. Or: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD) 2) Press the FMS Knob, and turn to highlight the arrival header in the active flight plan. 3) Press the CLR Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT HSI Annunciation Description LNAV RNAV GPS approach using published LNAV minima LNAV+V RNAV GPS approach using published LNAV minima.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NOTE: When GPS is not approved for the selected final approach course, the message ‘NOT APPROVED FOR GPS’ is displayed. GPS provides guidance to the approach, but the HSI must to be switched to a NAV receiver to fly the final course of the approach.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Viewing available approaches at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), press the APR Softkey. The Approach Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport information Page. 2) To select another airport, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, enter an identifier/facility name/city, and press the ENT Key. 3) Press the FMS Knob, then turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Approach.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 8) Press the ENT Key with ‘LOAD?’ highlighted to load the approach procedure; or turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘ACTIVATE’ and press the ENT Key to load and activate the approach procedure. The system continues navigating the current flight plan until the approach is activated. When GPS is not approved for the selected final approach course, the message ‘NOT APPROVED FOR GPS’ is displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT MISSED APPROACH Activating a missed approach in the active flight plan: 1) Press the PROC Key. 2) Turn the FMS Knob to highlight ‘ACTIVATE MISSED APPROACH’. 3) Press the ENT Key. The aircraft automatically sequences to the MAHP. Or: Press the Go-Around Button. TEMPERATURE COMPENSATED ALTITUDE Temperature compensated altitudes can be computed and used for a loaded approach. A temperature compensated altitude is displayed in slanted text.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ACTIVATE COMPENSATION? Highlighted CANCEL COMPENSATION? Highlighted Figure 5-102 Activating/Cancelling Temperature Compensation Compensated Altitudes Uncompensated Altitudes Figure 5-103 Temperature Compensation in the Active Flight Plan Disabling temperature compensated altitude: 1) From the Active Flight Plan Page, press the MENU Key. The Page Menu is displayed. 2) Turn the FMS Knob to highlight ‘Temperature Compensation’. 3) Press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT COURSE TO ALTITUDE In this missed approach procedure, the altitude immediately following the MAP (in this case ‘6368ft’) is not part of the published procedure. It is simply a Course to Altitude (CA) leg which guides the aircraft along the runway centerline until the altitude required to safely make the first turn toward the MAHP is exceeded. This altitude is provided by Jeppesen, and may be below, equal to, or above the published minimums for this approach.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.9 TRIP PLANNING The G1000 allows the pilot to view trip planning information, fuel information, and other information for a specified flight plan or flight plan leg based on automatic data, or based on manually entered data. Weight planning is also available, based on fuel sensor data and the active flight plan (to estimate remaining fuel).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT TRIP STATISTICS The trip statistics are calculated based on the selected starting and ending waypoints and the trip planning inputs. In flight plan mode (FPL) with a stored flight plan selected (NN), and the entire flight plan (CUM) selected, the waypoints are the starting and ending waypoints of the selected flight plan. In flight plan mode (FPL) with a stored flight plan selected (NN), and a specific leg (NN) selected, the waypoints are the endpoints of the selected leg.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FUEL STATISTICS The fuel statistics are calculated based on the selected starting and ending waypoints and the trip planning inputs. Some of the calculated trip statistics are dashed when the selected leg of the active flight plan has already been flown. • Fuel efficiency (EFFICIENCY) - This value is calculated by dividing the current ground speed by the current fuel flow. • Time of fuel endurance (TOTAL ENDUR) - This time is shown as hours:minutes.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Selecting automatic or manual page mode: Select the AUTO Softkey or the MANUAL Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Auto Mode’ or ‘Manual Mode’, and press the ENT Key. Selecting flight plan or waypoint mode: Select the FPL Softkey or the WPTS Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Flight Plan Mode’ or ‘Waypoints Mode’, and press the ENT Key. Selecting a flight plan and leg for trip statistics: 1) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor in the flight plan number field.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT WEIGHT PLANNING NOTE: All weight planning page data fields displays data rounded to the nearest 10 pounds or 5 kilograms. Fuel Weight Calculator A/C Payload Calculator - Zero Fuel Weight Calculation - Fuel on Board Entry (or sync) - Aircraft Weight Calculation - Est. Landing Weight Calculation - Estimated Landing Fuel Calculation - Fuel Reserve Entry - Excess Fuel Calculation Basic Empty Weight Entry Pilot & Stores Weight Entry Basic Operating Weight Calc.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The basic operating weight is calculated by adding the basic empty weight and the pilot and stores weight. Entering the number of passengers: 1) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and highlight the ‘PASSENGERS #’ field. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to enter the number of passengers. 3) Press the ENT Key to confirm the entry. 4) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Synchronizing the fuel on board with the actual measured fuel on board: Select the FOB SYNC Softkey; or press the MENU Softkey, highlight ‘Synchronize Fuel on Board’, and press the ENT Key. The actual measured fuel on board is displayed in the ‘FUEL ON BOARD’ field. When the aircraft is in the air and a destination waypoint has been entered, the fuel calculations can be completed. • Estimated landing weight = zero fuel weight + estimated landing fuel weight.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.10 RAIM PREDICTION RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) is a GPS receiver function that performs a consistency check on all tracked satellites. RAIM ensures that the available satellite geometry allows the receiver to calculate a position within a specified RAIM protection limit (2.0 nm for oceanic, 2.0 nm for enroute, 1.0 nm for terminal, and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Predicting RAIM availability at a selected waypoint: 1) Select the AUX-GPS Status Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob. The RAIM Prediction ‘WAYPOINT’ field is highlighted. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) provides increased navigation accuracy when available. SBAS can be enabled or disabled manually on the GPS Status Page. SBAS Status SBAS SELECTION Box - EGNOS Enable/Disable - MSAS Enable/Disable - WAAS Enable/Disable RAIM Softkey SBAS Softkey (displays SBAS Selection) (displays RAIM PREDICTION) Figure 5-104 SBAS Display - Active 296 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Enabling/Disabling SBAS: 1) Select the AUX-GPS Status Page. 2) Press the SBAS softkey. 3) Press the FMS Knob, and turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘EGNOS’, ‘MSAS’ or ‘WAAS’. 4) Press the ENT Key to disable SBAS. Press the ENT Key again to enable SBAS.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.11 NAVIGATING A FLIGHT PLAN The following discussion is an example of navigating a flight plan with the SBAS capable GPS system while the G1000 provides vertical guidance through descents. A lateral flight plan (LNAV) would be navigated in much the same way, but would not include vertical guidance when the final approach course is active. NOTE: The following example flight plan is for instructional purposes only. All database information depicted should be considered not current.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 3) ATC now assigns routing to join V4. A heading of 290º is assigned to intercept V4. The aircraft turns to heading 290° as seen in Figure 5-107. Figure 5-107 Assigned Heading of 290º 4) Enter V4 into the flight plan. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT b) The desired entry point for V4 (TOP) must be entered. Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired flight plan insertion point (SLN) as shown in Figure 5-108. When the V4 entry point (TOP) is inserted, it is placed immediately above the highlighted waypoint (SLN). Figure 5-108 Begin Adding V4 to the Flight Plan c) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window. Enter the desired entry point for V4, Topeka VOR (TOP), as shown in Figure 5-109.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT d) Press the ENT Key. TOP is inserted into the flight plan as in Figure 5-110. Figure 5-110 TOP Inserted into the Flight Plan e) With SLN still highlighted as in Figure 5-110, turn the small FMS Knob clockwise. The Waypoint Information Page is displayed and the LD AIRWY Softkey is now available. f) Select the LD AIRWY Softkey to display the list of available airways for TOP as seen in Figure 5-111.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT h) Press the ENT Key. The list of available exits for V4 is now displayed as in Figure 5-112. Figure 5-112 List of Available Exits for V4 i) If necessary, turn either FMS Knob to select the desired exit. In this case Salina VOR (SLN) is selected as in Figure 5-112. j) Press the ENT Key. The selected airway and exit are displayed, and the prompt “LOAD?” highlighted as in Figure 5-113. Figure 5-113 Ready to Load V4 k) Press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT l) V4 is now loaded into the flight plan as shown in Figure 5-114. Figure 5-114 V4 is Loaded in the Flight Plan 5) Making V4 the active leg of the flight plan. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. b) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ULNAZ. The TO waypoint of the leg is selected in order to activate the leg. c) Select the ACT LEG Softkey. The confirmation window is now displayed as in Figure 5-115. Note the TOP to ULNAZ leg is actually part of V4.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT d) Verify the displayed leg is the desired leg and press the ENT Key. Note in Figure 5-116, the magenta arrow in the flight plan window and magenta line on the map indicating V4 is now the active flight plan leg. Note the phase of flight remained in Terminal (TERM) mode up to this point because a departure leg was active. Since a leg after the departure is now active, the current CDI flight phase is ENR (Enroute) and CDI scaling has changed to 2.0 nm.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 7) As the CDI approaches center, the aircraft turns onto the active leg as seen in Figure 5-117. Figure 5-117 Turn on to Active Leg 8) At SLN, Victor Airway 244 (V244) is intercepted. Turn prompts are displayed in the PFD Navigation Status Box as seen in Figure 5-118. Figure 5-118 Turn to Intercept V244 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 9) As seen in Figure 5-119, V244 is now the active flight plan leg. Figure 5-119 V244 Now Active Leg 306 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 10) At Lamar VOR (LAA) V263 is intercepted. See Figure 5-120. Figure 5-120 HYS to LAA Leg Active 11) ATC grants clearance to proceed direct to the OPSHN intersection to begin the arrival procedure. ATC advises to expect an altitude of 10,000 feet at OPSHN. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. b) Turn the large FMS Knob to select OPSHN in the flight plan list. c) Press the Direct-to ( ) Key. The Direct-to Window is now displayed as shown in Figure 5-121.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT d) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the cursor in the VNV altitude field as shown in Figure 5-122. Figure 5-122 Enter VNV Altitude e) An altitude of 10,000 feet is entered as requested by ATC. f) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed in the VNV offset field as shown in Figure 5-123. Figure 5-123 Enter VNV Offset Distance g) Enter the offset, or distance from the waypoint at which to reach the pressed altitude. In this case, three miles prior to OPSHN is entered.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT h) Press the ENT Key twice to activate the direct-to. Note, in Figure 5-124, the magenta arrow indicating the direct-to OPSHN after the offset waypoint for OPSHN. The preceding offset waypoint indicates the offset distance and altitude that were previously entered. The remaining waypoints in the loaded arrival procedure have no database specified altitudes, therefore, dashes are displayed. Keep the CDI centered and maintain a track along the magenta line to OPSHN.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT b) ‘SELECT APPROACH’ should be highlighted as shown in Figure 5-125. Figure 5-125 Procedures Window c) Press the ENT Key. A list of available approaches for the destination airport is displayed as in Figure 5-126. Figure 5-126 List of Available Approaches d) Turn either FMS Knob to select the LPV approach for 35R as shown in Figure 5-126. 310 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT e) Press the ENT Key. A list of available transitions for the selected approach is displayed as in Figure 5-127. Figure 5-127 List of Available Transitions f) Turn either FMS Knob to select the desired transition. In this case, the Initial Approach Fix (IAF) at HABUK is used. g) Press the ENT Key. h) Barometric Minimums To set ‘MINIMUMS’, turn the small FMS Knob to select ‘BARO’, and press the ENT Key. Turn the small FMS Knob to select the altitude, and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-128 Barometric Minimums Set i) With ‘LOAD?’ highlighted, again press the ENT Key. The selected approach is added to the flight plan as seen in Figure 5-129. Figure 5-129 Loaded Approach 312 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 13) Note the altitude constraints associated with each of the approach waypoints as seen in Figure 5-130. These altitudes are loaded from the database and are initially displayed as white text, indicating these values are not used in computing vertical deviation guidance. The altitude values must be designated for use by the pilot if they are to be used in computing vertical guidance. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT e) Press the ENT Key to designate this altitude constraint value for use in computing vertical guidance. This altitude value is now displayed as cyan text. Note that altitude values are now filled in for waypoints back to where the previous altitude value was entered for OPSHN. Altitude constraint values associated with the Final Approach Fix (FAF) and waypoints beyond the FAF cannot be designated for vertical guidance. These altitude values are always displayed as white text.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 14) As the aircraft approaches OPSHN, it may be desirable to adjust the speed, or steepness of the upcoming descent. The default Flight Path Angle (FPA) is -3.0 degrees and a required vertical speed is computed to maintain the -3.0 FPA. To change the vertical flight path, perform the following steps. a) Select the VNV PROF Softkey to place the cursor in the target vertical speed field (VS TGT) as shown in Figure 5-133.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 15) As seen in Figure 5-134, the aircraft is approaching TOD. Note the target vertical speed required to reached the selected altitude. The Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI) and the Required Vertical Speed Indicator (RVSI) are now displayed on the PFD as shown in Figure 5-135. When the aircraft is within one minute of the TOD, it is annunciated as shown in Figure 5-135, and an aural alert ‘Vertical track’ will be heard.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 16) Upon reaching TOD, a descent vertical speed is established by placing the VSI pointer in line with the RVSI as shown in Figure 5-136. Keep Vertical Deviation Indicator Centered Align Actual Vertical Speed with Required Vertical Speed Figure 5-136 VDI & RVSI Showing Established Descent 17) When the aircraft is one minute from the bottom of descent (BOD) it is annunciated as shown in Figure 5-137. Upon reaching the offset waypoint for OPSHN, the aircraft is at 10,000 feet.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 18) The aircraft is approaching OPSHN. The upcoming turn and next heading are annunciated at the top left of the PFD as seen in Figure 5-138. Initiate the turn and maneuver the aircraft on a track through the turn radius to intercept the magenta line for the OPSHN to FSHER leg and center the CDI. Figure 5-138 Turn to intercept OPSHN to FSHER Leg 318 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 19) After passing OPSHN, the next leg of the arrival turns magenta as shown in Figure 5-139. The magenta arrow in the flight plan list now indicates the OPSHN to FSHER leg of the arrival procedure is now active. Figure 5-139 Tracking the OPSHN to FSHER Leg 20) The flight continues through the arrival procedure to PYNON (see Figure 5-140).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-140 Approaching PYNON 320 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 21) Upon passing PYNON the approach procedure automatically becomes active. The approach may be activated at any point to proceed directly to the IAF. In this example, the aircraft has progressed through the final waypoint of the arrival and the flight plan has automatically sequenced to the IAF as the active leg, activating the approach procedure (see Figure 5-141).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 22) The IAF is the next waypoint. At the TOD, establish a descent vertical speed as previously discussed in Step 16. The aircraft altitude is 9,000 feet upon reaching HABUK. Figure 5-143 Descending Turn to the Initial Approach Fix (IAF) 322 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 23) After crossing FALUR the next waypoint is the FAF. The flight phase changes to LPV on the HSI indicating the current phase of flight is in Approach Mode and the approach service level is LPV. CDI scaling changes accordingly and is used much like a localizer when flying an ILS approach. The RVSI is no longer displayed and the VDI changes to the Glidepath Indicator (as shown in Figure 5-144) when the final approach course becomes active.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 24) After crossing CEGIX, the aircraft continues following the glidepath to maintain the descent to “AT or ABOVE” 6,370 feet at the Missed Approach Point (MAP) (RW35R) as seen in Figure 5-145. Figure 5-145 Descending to the Missed Approach Point In this missed approach procedure, the altitude immediately following the MAP (in this case ‘6368ft’) is not part of the published procedure.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 25) Upon reaching the MAP, it is decided to execute a missed approach. Automatic waypoint sequencing is suspended past the MAP. Press the SUSP Softkey on the PFD to resume automatic waypoint sequencing through the missed approach procedure. A direct-to is initiated to MOGAL, which is the Missed Approach Hold Point (MAHP) as seen in Figure 5-146. The aircraft is climbing to 10,000 feet. The CDI flight phase now changes from LPV to MAPR as seen on the HSI.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 26) The aircraft continues climbing to “AT or ABOVE” 10,000 feet at MOGAL. A holding pattern is established at the MAHP (MOGAL) as shown in Figure 5-147. Figure 5-147 Establishing the Holding Pattern 27) The aircraft maintains 10,000 feet while following the magenta line through the hold as in Figure 5-148. Figure 5-148 Hold Established 326 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.12 ABNORMAL OPERATION This section discusses the Dead Reckoning mode of operation and the subsequent indications. NOTE: Dead Reckoning Mode only functions in Enroute (ENR) or Oceanic (OCN) phase of flight. In all other phases, an invalid GPS solution produces a “NO GPS POSITION” annunciation on the map and the G1000 stops using GPS.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Distance & Bearing Dead Reckoning Annunciation Wind Data GPS Navigation Lost Message Current Track Indicator Deviation Bar Bearing Pointer/ Distance Wind Data Nav.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SECTION 6 HAZARD AVOIDANCE The G1000 hazard avoidance features are designed to provide advisory information of potential hazards to flight safety associated with weather, terrain, and air traffic.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.1 SIRIUSXM WEATHER WARNING: Do not use data link weather information for maneuvering in, near, or around areas of hazardous weather. Information contained within data link weather products may not accurately depict current weather conditions. WARNING: Do not use the indicated data link weather product age to determine the age of the weather information shown by the data link weather product.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 3) Observe the list of Weather Products. A white empty box appears next to an unavailable weather product; a green filled box appears next to an available weather product. During activation, it may take several minutes for weather products in the chosen subscription package to become available. 4) When the available weather products displayed match the weather products offered in the chosen SiriusXM Weather product subscription package, press the LOCK Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEXRAD Weather Product Enabled Icon Weather Product Ages in Minutes Cloud Tops Weather Product Enabled Icon Figure 6-2 Weather Data Link (XM) Page Changing the weather data link source (SiriusXM or Garmin Connext): 1) If necessary, turn the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group. 2) If necessary, turn the small FMS Knob to select the Weather Data Link (XM or CNXT) Page. 3) Press the MENU Key (Figure 6-3).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE For each enabled SiriusXM Weather product which can be shown as a map overlay, the system displays a weather product icon and product age. The product age is the elapsed time (in minutes) since the weather data provider compiled the weather product. The product age display does not indicate the age of the information contained within the weather product, which can be significantly older than the displayed weather product age.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SiriusXM Weather Product Expiration Time (Minutes) Broadcast Rate (Minutes) 60 12 90 12 90 12 90 12 180 12 no product image 30 5 no product image 60 12 no product image 60 12 Symbol Cyclone Warnings (CYCLONE) Icing Potential (CIP and SLD) (ICNG) Pilot Weather Report (PIREPs) Air Report (AIREPs) Turbulence (TURB) No Radar Coverage Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs) Terminal Aerodrome Reports (TAFs) Table 6-1 Weather Product Symbols and Data Timing Cloud Top (CLD T
+ Icing Potential (ICNG) + PIREPs + + AIREPs + + Turbulence (TURB) + No Radar Coverage + + + TFRs + + + + + + TAFs Flight Plan Pages Cyclone Warnings (CYCLONE) Nearest Page Group + System Page Group County Warnings (COUNTY) AUX - Trip Planning Page Weather Information Page Weather Data Link (XM) Page Navigation Map Page SiriusXM Weather Product PFD Inset Map HAZARD AVOIDANCE + + + + + + + + * Winds Aloft data on Navigation Map Page displayed inside Profile View wh
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM CPDLC NEXRAD ECHO TOP CLD TOP XM LTNG CELL MOV CYCLONE SFC OFF FRZ LVL SIG/AIR METAR LEGEND MORE WX CHKLIST WIND OFF ICNG OFF TURB OFF AIREPS PIREPS COUNTY BACK SFC Softkey label changes to reflect current selection. WIND/ICNG/TURB Softkey labels change to reflect current selection. OFF CURRENT 12 HR 24 HR 36 HR 48 HR Select the BACK Softkey to move up one level.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE If the selected map range is less than 10 nm, the system automatically removes the weather products from the map, with the exception of METARS, which remain displayed when METARs are enabled. Setting up and customizing the Weather Data Link (XM) Page: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Weather Setup’ highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-4).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE If both GDL 69/69A SiriusXM WX and GSR 56 Garmin Connext data link weather services are installed, customizing the display settings for the corresponding weather products shown in Table 6-3 will result in identical settings for both services.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-6 Navigation Map Page Menu Figure 6-7 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu Figure 6-8 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu, Weather Group When an SiriusXM Weather product is enabled for display on the PFD Inset Map, the weather product information box (with the product icon and age) can be displayed inside the PFD Inset Map. Viewing the weather product information box on the PFD Inset Map: 1) On the PFD, press the INSET Softkey. 2) Press the WX LGND Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Additional information about the following can be displayed by panning over the display on the map: • Echo Tops • METARs • Cell Movement • County Warnings • SIGMETs • TFRs • AIRMETs The map panning feature is enabled by pressing the RANGE Knob. The map range is adjusted by turning the RANGE Knob. If the map range is adjusted while panning is enabled, the map is re-centered on the Map Pointer.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEXRAD NOTE: NEXRAD data cannot be displayed at the same time as terrain, echo tops, turbulence, or icing data is displayed. The National Weather Service (NWS) operates the WSR-88D, or NEXRAD (NEXt-generation RADar) system, an extensive network of 156 high-resolution Doppler radar systems. The NEXRAD network provides centralized meteorological information for the continental United States and selected overseas locations. The maximum range of a single NEXRAD site is 250 nm.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEXRAD data can be displayed on the following maps: • PFD Inset Map • Trip Planning Page • Navigation Map Page • Nearest Pages • Weather Data Link (XM) Page • Flight Plan Pages • Airport Information Page Displaying NEXRAD weather information: 1) Select the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, select the INSET Softkey). This step is not necessary on the Weather Data Link (XM) Page. 2) Select the NEXRAD Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The role of radar is essentially to detect moisture in the atmosphere. Simply put, certain types of weather reflect radar better than others. The intensity of a radar reflection is not necessarily an indication of the weather hazard level. For instance, wet hail returns a strong radar reflection, while dry hail does not. Both wet and dry hail can be extremely hazardous. The different NEXRAD echo intensities are measured in decibels (dB) relative to reflectivity (Z).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The following may cause abnormalities in displayed NEXRAD radar images: • Ground clutter • Strobes and spurious radar data • Sun strobes (when the radar antenna points directly at the sun) • Interference from buildings or mountains, which may cause shadows • Metallic dust from military aircraft, which can cause alterations in radar scans NEXRAD Limitations (Canada) • Radar coverage extends to 55ºN.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE ECHO TOPS NOTE: Echo tops cannot be displayed at the same time as NEXRAD or Cloud Tops are selected for display. The Echo Tops weather product (Figure 6-14) shows the location, elevation, and direction of the highest radar echo. The highest radar echo does not indicate the actual top of a storm or clouds. It indicates the highest altitude at a which NEXRAD radar was able to detect precipitation.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE No Radar Coverage Figure 6-15 Echo Tops Legend The display of radar coverage is always active when either NEXRAD or Echo Tops is selected. Areas where NEXRAD radar coverage and Echo Tops information is not available or is not being collected are indicated in a gray shade of purple. CLOUD TOPS NOTE: Cloud Tops and Echo Tops cannot be displayed at the same time. Cloud Tops data (Figure 6-16) depicts cloud top altitudes as determined from satellite imagery.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-17 Cloud Tops Legend SIRIUSXM LIGHTNING NOTE: SiriusXM Lightning cannot be displayed simultaneously on the same map as Stormscope® lightning information. The SiriusXM Lightning weather product (Figure 6-18) shows the approximate location of cloud-to-ground lightning strikes. A strike icon represents a strike that has occurred within a two-kilometer region. The exact location of the lightning strike is not displayed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying XM Lightning information: 1) Select the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, select the INSET Softkey). This step is not necessary on the Weather Data Link (XM) Page. 2) Select the XM LTNG Softkey. To display the XM Lightning legend on the Weather Data Link (XM) Page, select the LEGEND Softkey when XM Lightning is selected for display.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying Cell Movement information: 1) Select the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, select the INSET Softkey). This step is not necessary on the Weather Data Link (XM) Page. 2) Select the NEXRAD Softkey (CEL MOV Softkey on the Weather Data Link (XM) Page). For Cell Movement to be displayed on maps other than the Weather Data Link (XM) Page, Cell Movement must be turned on in the Navigation Map Setup Menu (see “Setting up and customizing weather data for the Navigation Map Page").
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 3) To view the text of the SIGMET or AIRMET, press the RANGE Knob and move the Map Pointer over the icon. 4) Press the ENT key. The figure below shows a sample of SIGMET text. To display the SIGMET and AIRMET legend, select the LEGEND Softkey when SIGMETs and AIRMETs are selected for display.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Instructions for Viewing METAR and TAF Text Selected Airport Figure 6-24 METAR Flags on the Weather Data Link Page TAFs (Terminal Aerodrome Forecasts) are weather predictions for specific airports within a 24- hour period, and may span up to 36 hours. TAFs typically include forecast wind, visibility, weather phenomena, and sky conditions using METAR codes. METAR and TAF text are displayed on the Weather Information Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Decoded METAR Text METAR Symbol Original METAR Text Original TAF Text Figure 6-25 METAR and TAF with Text Raw METAR text is also accessible while panning the map cursor over a METAR flag on any map page on which a METAR is displayed. The METAR text is shown in a box near the METAR flag. In addition, METAR flags and their associated text are displayed on the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. METAR flags appears next to waypoints in the flight plan with an associated METAR.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SURFACE ANALYSIS AND CITY FORECAST NOTE: Surface Analysis and City Forecast data are displayed only within the installed navigation database service area. Surface Analysis and City Forecast information (Figure 6-27) is available for current and forecast weather conditions. Forecasts are available for intervals of 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE To display the Surface Analysis and City Forecast legend, select the LEGEND Softkey when Surface Analysis and City Forecast are selected for display. Figure 6-28 Surface Analysis and City Forecast Legend 354 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE FREEZING LEVEL Freezing Level data (Figure 6-29) shows the color-coded contour lines for the altitude and location at which the first isotherm is found. When no data is displayed for a given altitude, the data for that altitude has not been received, or is out of date and has been removed from the display. New data appears at the next update. Figure 6-29 Freeze Level Data Displaying Freezing Level information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page with the FMS Knob.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE WINDS ALOFT Winds Aloft data (Figure 6-31) shows the forecast wind speed and direction at the surface and at selected altitudes. Altitude can be displayed in 3000-foot increments up to 42,000 feet MSL. Displaying Winds Aloft data: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the WIND Softkey. 4) Select the desired altitude level: SFC (surface) up to 42,000 feet.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Profile View Path Enabled Winds Aloft Data Age Wind Component Velocity and Direction Arrows Altitude Scale Figure 6-33 Navigation Map Page with Winds Aloft Data on Profile View Arrows pointing to the left indicate headwind components; tailwind component arrows point to the right, as shown in Table 6-4.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘Show Profile View’ or ‘Hide Profile View’ (choice dependent on current state) and press the ENT Key. Winds Aloft data inside the Profile View is enabled by default when the Profile View is displayed on the Navigation Map Page. This behavior can be changed on the Navigation Map Page. Enabling/disabling winds aloft data display in Profile View: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE COUNTY WARNINGS County data (Figure 6-38) provides specific public awareness and protection weather warnings from the National Weather Service (NWS). This can include information on severe thunderstorms, tornadoes, and flood conditions. Severe Thunderstorm Warning Selected Figure 6-38 County Warnings Displaying County Warning information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the COUNTY Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE CYCLONE The Cyclone weather product (Figure 6-40) shows the current location of cyclones (hurricanes), tropical storms, and their projected tracks. The track consists of a two digit date, followed the estimated time of arrival in the form of DD/HH:MM. Cyclone Figure 6-40 Cyclone Weather Product on the Weather Data Link (XM) Page Displaying cyclone (hurricane) track information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE ICING (CIP & SLD) Current Icing Product (CIP) data (Figure 6-42) shows a graphical view of the current icing environment. Icing severity is displayed in four categories: light, moderate, severe, and extreme (not specific to aircraft type). The CIP product is not a forecast, but a presentation of the current conditions at the time of the analysis.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TURBULENCE The Turbulence weather product (Figure 6-44) identifies the potential for erratic movement of high-altitude air mass associated winds. Turbulence is classified as light, moderate, severe or extreme, at altitudes between 21,000 and 45,000 feet. Turbulence data is intended to supplement AIRMETs and SIGMETs. Displaying Turbulence data: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the TURB Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE PIREPS AND AIREPS Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs) (Figure 6-46) provide timely weather information for a particular route of flight. When significant weather conditions are reported or forecast, Air Traffic Control (ATC) facilities are required to solicit PIREPs. A PIREP may contain adverse weather conditions, such as low in-flight visibility, icing conditions, wind shear, and turbulence. PIREPs are issued as either Routine (UA) or Urgent (UUA).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Decoded PIREP Text Raw PIREP Text Figure 6-47 PIREP Text on the Weather Data Link Page To display the PIREP or AIREP legend (Figure 6-48), select the LEGEND Softkey when PIREPs or AIREPs are selected for display. The PIREP color is determined by the type (routine or urgent). Figure 6-48 AIREPs & PIREPs Legend TFRS The FAA issues Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs) to designate areas where flight is restricted.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TFR Summary Data TFR Selected with Map Pointer Figure 6-49 TFR Data on the Weather Data Link (XM) Page Displaying TFR Data: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page or Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the RANGE Knob and pan the map pointer over a TFR to highlight it. The system displays TFR summary information above the map. 3) Press the ENT Key. The system displays a pop-up menu. 4) If necessary, turn the FMS Knob to select 'Review Airspaces' and press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Maps other than the Navigation Map Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page. Setting up and customizing TFR data for maps on which TFR data can be displayed: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-51). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Aviation Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-52). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll to the TFR product range setting (Figure 6-53).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SIRIUSXM WEATHER ABNORMAL OPERATIONS Some quick troubleshooting steps listed below can be performed to find the possible cause of a failure.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE If a failure still exists, the following messages may provide insight as to the possible problem: Message CHECK ANTENNA NONE NO SIGNAL WEATHER DATA LINK FAILED ACTIVATION REQUIRED DETECTING ACTIVATION WAITING FOR DATA...
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.2 GARMIN CONNEXT WEATHER WARNING: Do not use data link weather information for maneuvering in, near, or around areas of hazardous weather. Information contained within data link weather products may not accurately depict current weather conditions. WARNING: Do not use the indicated data link weather product age to determine the age of the weather information shown by the data link weather product.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Iridium Transceiver Serial Number System ID Number Figure 6-55 Identification Needed for Iridium Registration REGISTERING GARMIN CONNEXT WEATHER When an account is established, Garmin provides an Access Code which must be entered on the system in order to complete the registration process. Registering the system to receive Garmin Connext Weather: 1) With the aircraft outside and having a clear view of the sky, turn the large FMS Knob on the MFD to select the MAP page group.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-56 Select Register With Connext 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to select ‘Register With Connext’ in the menu list. 5) Press the ENT Key. The Connext Registration Window appears as shown in Figure 6-57. Figure 6-57 Enter Access Code 190-00709-05 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6) Enter the access code provided by Garmin Flight Data Services in the ‘ACCESS CODE’ field. 7) Press the ENT Key. ‘REGISTER’ is highlighted as in Figure 6-57. 8) Press the ENT Key. The system contacts Garmin through the Iridium network. System registration is complete when ‘REGISTERED’ appears in the STATUS field.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Weather product age information Precip Weather Product Display Enabled icon Precip Weather Product Selected for Display Figure 6-58 Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page (After Connext Data Request) WARNING: Do not use the indicated data link weather product age to determine the age of the weather information shown by the data link weather product.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Garmin Connext Weather Product Symbol Radar Precipitation (PRECIP) Infrared Satellite (IR SAT) Datalink Lightning (DL LTNG) SIGMETs/AIRMETs (SIG/AIR) Meteorological Aerodrome Report (METARs) Winds Aloft (WIND) Pilot Weather Report (PIREPs) Temporary Flight Restrictions no product image (TFRs) Terminal Aerodrome Reports no product image (TAFs) Expiration Time (Minutes) 30 Refresh Rate (Minutes) U.S.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE + + SIGMETs/AIRMETs (SIG/AIR) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Winds Aloft (WIND) + + +* + PIREPs + + + Radar Coverage + + + TFRs + + + + + + TAFs + + Datalink Lightning (LTNG) METARs Flight Plan Pages Infrared Satellite (IR SAT) Nearest Page Group + System Page Group + AUX - Trip Planning Page + Weather Information Page Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page Precipitation (PRECIP) Navigation Map Page Garmin Connext Weather Product PF
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM CPDLC PRECIP IR SAT DL LTNG SIG/AIR WIND OFF METAR LEGEND MORE WX CHKLIST PIREPS BACK WIND Softkey label changes to reflect current selection. Press the BACK Softkey to move up one level. PREV and NEXT Softkeys cycle through Winds Aloft altitude selection softkeys.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-60 Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page Menu Figure 6-61 Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page Setup Menu Restoring default Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page settings: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Weather Setup’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. 4) Press the MENU Key. 5) Highlight the desired default(s) to restore (all or for selection) and press ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE If both Garmin Connext and SiriusXM Weather services are installed, customizing the display settings for the corresponding weather products shown in Table 6-8 will result in identical settings for both services.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-62 Navigation Map Page Menu Figure 6-63 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu Figure 6-64 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu, Weather Group Each active weather product has an associated legend which can be displayed on the Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page. If no weather product softkeys are selected, the LEGEND Softkey will be unavailable. Viewing legends for displayed weather products 1) Select the Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Additional information about the following can be displayed by panning over the display on the map: • Infrared Satellite (IR SAT) • METARs • SIGMETs • TFRs • AIRMETs • PIREPs The map panning feature is enabled by pressing the RANGE Knob. The map range is adjusted by turning the RANGE Knob. If the map range is adjusted while panning is enabled, the map is re-centered on the Map Pointer.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Requesting Garmin Connext weather manually: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Connext Data Request’ highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-66). 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired coverage option(s) and press the ENT Key to check or uncheck one of more of the following coverage selections (Figures 6-67, 6-68): • PRESENT POSITION – Requests data based on current location.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-66 Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page Menu Figure 6-67 Connext Data Request Menu 382 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Present Position Selected, 200 nm Diameter Requested Next 80 nm of Flight Plan Selected, 200 nm Route Width Requested Destination Selected, 200 nm Diameter Requested Off-Route Waypoint Selected, 200 nm Diameter Requested Figure 6-68 Connext Weather Data Request Results with Precipitation and Infrared Satellite Displayed During a Connext Data Request, the Request Status box displays “Processing...” and the ‘CANCEL REQ’ button is highlighted.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Cancelling a Connext Data Request in Progress: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Connext Data Request’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to select ‘CANCEL REQ’ and press the ENT Key. The request status box indicates ‘Request Cancelled’. 5) Press the FMS Knob to return to the Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page. The pilot can schedule Connext Data Requests to recur automatically.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE GARMIN CONNEXT WEATHER PRODUCTS PRECIPITATION NOTE: Precipitation data cannot be displayed at the same time as terrain, Stormscope, or the airborne weather radar overlay. Precipitation (PRECIP) data is not real-time. The lapsed time between collection, processing, and dissemination of radar images can be significant and may not reflect the current radar synopsis. Due to the inherent delays and the relative age of the data, it should be used for long-range planning purposes only.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE on the Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page. For the Precipitation legend (Figure 6-70), select the LEGEND Softkey when Precipitation is selected for display. No Radar Coverage Boundary of weather data request Figure 6-70 Precipitation Data Legend The display of radar coverage is enabled active when Precipitation is selected for display. Areas where precipitation radar coverage is not currently available or is not being collected are indicated in gray shade of purple.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Block represents 4 km2 Figure 6-71 Precipitation Data - Zoomed The following may cause abnormalities in displayed radar images: • Ground clutter • Strobes and spurious radar data • Sun strobes (when the radar antenna points directly at the sun) • Interference from buildings or mountains, which may cause shadows • Metallic dust from military aircraft, which can cause alterations in radar scans 190-00709-05 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE INFRARED SATELLITE Infrared Satellite (IR SAT) data (Figure 6-72) depicts cloud top temperatures from satellite imagery. Brighter cloud top colors indicate cooler temperatures occurring at higher altitudes. Figure 6-72 METAR Flags on the Weather Data Link Page Displaying Cloud Tops information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page. 2) Press the IR SAT Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE GARMIN CONNEXT DATA LINK LIGHTNING Datalink Lightning (DL LTNG) data (Figure 6-74) shows the approximate location of cloud-to-ground lightning strikes. A strike icon represents a strike that has occurred within a two-kilometer region. Neither cloud-to-cloud nor the exact location of the lightning strike is displayed. If the aircraft is also equipped with the L-3 WX-500 Stormscope®, only one lightning product may be enabled for display at a time on a navigation map.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SIGMETS AND AIRMETS SIGMETs (SIGnificant METeorological Information) and AIRMETs (AIRmen’s METeorological Information) are issued for potentially hazardous weather. A Convective SIGMET is issued for hazardous convective weather such as severe or widespread thunderstorms. A localized SIGMET can be displayed when significant weather conditions are not widespread.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-77 Sample SIGMET Text Figure 6-78 SIGMET/AIRMET Legend METARS AND TAFS NOTE: METAR information is only displayed within the installed aviation database service area. METARs (METeorological Aerodrome Reports) typically contain information about the temperature, dewpoint, wind, precipitation, cloud cover, cloud base heights, visibility, and barometric pressure at an airport or observation station.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE METAR and TAF text are displayed on the Weather Information Page. TAF information is displayed in its raw form when it is available. Displaying METAR and TAF text: 1) On the Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page, select the METAR Softkey. 2) Press the RANGE Knob and pan to the desired airport. 3) Press the ENT Key. The Weather Information Page is shown with METAR and TAF text. 4) Use the FMS Knob or the ENT Key to scroll through the METAR and TAF text.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Original METAR text is also accessible while panning the map cursor over a METAR flag on any map page on which a METAR is displayed. The METAR text is shown in a box near the METAR flag. In addition, METAR flags and their associated text are displayed on the Active Flight Plan Page on the MF.D. The system shows a METAR flag next to waypoints in the flight plan with an available METAR.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-82 Winds Aloft at 24,000 Feet To display the Winds Aloft legend (Figure 6-83), select the LEGEND Softkey when Winds Aloft is selected for display. Figure 6-83 Winds Aloft Data with Legend Headwind and tailwind components aloft are available inside the Profile View on the Navigation Map Page (Figure 6-84). The displayed components are relative to current aircraft altitude and track, but not to aircraft speed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Profile View Path Enabled Winds Aloft Data Age Wind Component Velocity and Direction Arrows Altitude Scale Figure 6-84 Navigation Map Page with Winds Aloft Data on Profile View Arrows pointing to the left indicate headwind components; tailwind component arrows point to the right, as shown in Table 6-9.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘Show Profile View’ or ‘Hide Profile View’ (choice dependent on current state) and press the ENT Key. Winds Aloft data inside the Profile View is enabled by default when the Profile View is displayed on the Navigation Map Page. This behavior can be changed on the Navigation Map Page. Enabling/disabling winds aloft data display in Profile View: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE PIREPS Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs) describe in-flight weather encountered by pilots. A PIREP may contain unforecast adverse weather conditions, such as low in-flight visibility, icing conditions, wind shear, turbulence, and type of aircraft flown. PIREPs are issued as either Routine (UA) or Urgent (UUA).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Decoded PIREP Text Raw PIREP Text Figure 6-89 PIREP Text on the Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page To display the PIREP legend (Figure 6-90), select the LEGEND Softkey when PIREPs or AIREPs are selected for display. The PIREP color is determined by the type (routine or urgent). Figure 6-90 PIREPs Legend TFRS NOTE: Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) data from Garmin Connext is only available in the United States (not including any U.S. territories.) Refer to fly.garmin.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TFR Summary Data TFR Selected with Map Pointer Figure 6-91 TFR Data on the Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page Displaying TFR Data: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (CNXT) Page or Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the RANGE Knob and pan the map pointer over a TFR to highlight it. The system displays TFR summary information above the map. 3) Press the ENT Key. The system displays a pop-up menu. 4) If necessary, turn the FMS Knob to select 'Review Airspaces' and press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The setup menus for the Navigation Map Page control the map range settings above which TFR data is decluttered from the display. If a map range larger than the TFR product map range setting is selected, the TFR product data is removed from the map. Maps other than the Navigation Map Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page. Setting up and customizing TFR data for maps on which TFR data can be displayed: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE ABNORMAL OPERATIONS If the G1000 cannot complete a Connext Data Request, one or more messages will appear in the request status window. Weather Request Status Message Auto requests inhibited Send manual request to reset. Auto update retry: ## Seconds Connext Comm Error [2] Connext Comm Error [4] Connext Comm Error [5] Connext Comm Error [6] Connext Comm Error [7] Description The system has disabled automatic weather data requests due to excessive errors.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE GARMIN CONNEXT WEATHER IN REVERSIONARY MODE When the G1000 is operating in Reversionary Mode, only those weather products which can be displayed on the PFD Inset map will be available for display (see Table 6-7 for a list of weather products and their associated map availability). If manual weather data requests were enabled prior to entering Reversionary Mode, no new Garmin Connext weather data can be retrieved while operating in Reversionary Mode.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.3 AIRBORNE COLOR WEATHER RADAR SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The optional Garmin GWX 68 Airborne Color Weather Radar is a four-color digital pulsed radar with 6.5 kilowatts of output power. The Garmin GWX 70 Airborne Color Weather Radar is a solid-state pulsed radar with forty watts of output power. The radar combines excellent range and adjustable scanning profiles with a high-definition target display. The pulse width for the GWX 68 is four microseconds (µs) on all ranges except the 2.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEXRAD AND AIRBORNE WEATHER RADAR Both Airborne Weather Radar and NEXRAD measure weather reflectivity in decibels (dB). A decibel is a logarithmic expression of the ratio of two quantities. Airborne Weather Radar measures the ratio of power against the gain of the antenna, while NEXRAD measures the energy reflected back to the radar, or the radar reflectivity ratio. Both systems use colors to identify the different echo intensities, but the colors are not interchangeable.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE RADAR SIGNAL ATTENUATION The phenomenon of radar signal attenuation affects the operation of weather radar. When the radar signal is transmitted, it is progressively absorbed and scattered, making the signal weaker. This weakening, or attenuation, is caused by two primary sources, distance and precipitation. Attenuation because of distance is due to the fact that the radar energy leaving the antenna is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-98 Precipitation Type and Reflectivity Ground Returns The intensity of ground target returns depends upon the angle at which the radar beam strikes the ground target (Angle of Incidence) and the reflective properties of that target. The gain can be adjusted so shorelines, rivers, lakes, and cities are well-defined. Increasing the gain too much causes the display to fill in between targets, thus obscuring some landmarks. Cities normally provide a strong return signal.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-99 Angle of Incidence A smaller incident angle gives the radar a larger detectable range of operation and the target display shows a higher intensity. Since more radar energy is reflected back to the antenna with a low incident angle, the resulting detectable range is increased for mountainous terrain. SAFE OPERATING DISTANCE The following information establishes a minimum safe distance from the antenna for personnel near operating weather radar.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE MPEL Boundary 9.16 ft. for 10” antenna Figure 6-100 MPEL Boundary BASIC ANTENNA TILT SETUP The following discussion is a simple method for setting up the weather radar antenna tilt for most situations. It is not to be considered an all encompassing setup that works in all situations, but this method does provide good overall parameters for the monitoring of threats.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE PRACTICAL APPLICATION USING THE BASIC TILT SETUP With the antenna tilt set as previously described, any displayed target return should be scrutinized when flying at altitudes between 2,000 and 30,000 feet AGL. If the displayed target advances on the screen to within 5 nautical miles of the aircraft, avoid it. This may be either weather or ground returns that are 2,000 feet or less below the aircraft.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE WEATHER MAPPING AND INTERPRETATION WEATHER DISPLAY INTERPRETATION When evaluating various target returns on the weather radar display, the colors denote precipitation intensity and rates shown in the table. Weather Mode Color Intensity Black Green Yellow Red Magenta < 23 dBZ 23 dBZ to < 32 dBZ 32 dBZ to < 41 dBZ 41 dBZ to < 50 dBZ 50 dBZ and greater Approximate Precipitation Rate (in/hr.) < .01. .01 - 0.1. 0.1 - 0.5 0.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Along squall lines (multiple cells or clusters of cells in a line) individual cells may be in different stages of development. Areas between closely spaced, intense targets may contain developing clouds not having enough moisture to produce a return. However, these areas could have strong updrafts or downdrafts. Targets showing wide areas of green are generally precipitation without severe turbulence.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE In areas of multiple heavy cells, use the Vertical Scan feature along with antenna tilt management to examine the areas. Remember to avoid shadowed areas behind targets. The Blind Alley at Close Range The Large Storm Behind Figure 6-104 The Blind Alley Tornadoes There are no conclusive radar target return characteristics which identify a tornado.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE or less) and make poor radar targets. In the upper regions of a cell where ice particles are dry (no liquid coating), target returns are less intense. Hail shafts are associated with the same radar target return characteristics as tornados. U-shaped cloud edges three to seven miles across can also indicate hail. These target returns appear quite suddenly along any edge of the cell outline. They also change in intensity and shape in a matter of seconds, making vigilant monitoring essential.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying weather on the Weather Radar Page: 1) Select the Weather Radar Page in the Map Page Group with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MODE Softkey. 3) While on the ground, select the STANDBY Softkey. A one-minute warm-up period is initiated (countdown is displayed on the screen). After the warm-up is complete, the radar enters the Standby Mode. a) Select the WEATHER Softkey. A confirmation window is displayed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Vertically scanning a storm cell: NOTE: Vertical scanning of a storm cell should be done with the aircraft wings level to avoid constant adjustment of the Bearing Line. 1) While in the Horizontal Scan view, select the BRG Softkey. This places the cursor in the BEARING field and displays the Bearing Line. If the Bearing Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select Show Bearing Line. Press the ENT Key. 2) Press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-108 Vertical Scan Display Adjusting Antenna Tilt Angle In order to make an accurate interpretation of a storm cell, the radar beam should be pointed at the wet part of the weather cell to record the proper rainfall intensity (color level). The ideal aiming point is just below the freezing level of the storm. The best way to find this point is to use the Vertical Scan feature.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Adjusting antenna tilt on the Vertical Scan display: 1) Select the TILT Softkey to activate the cursor in the TILT field and display the Tilt Line. If the Tilt Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select Show Tilt Line. Press the ENT Key. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to adjust the antenna tilt angle. The selected tilt angle is implemented when Horizontal Scan is again selected. The RANGE Knob can also be used to adjust tilt.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Adjusting Gain: WARNING: Changing the gain in weather mode causes precipitation intensity to be displayed as a color not representative of the true intensity. Remember to return the gain setting to Calibrated for viewing the actual intensity of precipitation. 1) Select the GAIN Softkey to activate the cursor in the GAIN field. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to adjust the gain for the desirable level.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Sector Scan: 1) While in horizontal scan mode, select the BRG Softkey to display the Bearing Line and place the cursor in the BEARING field. If the Bearing Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select Show Bearing Line. 2) Press the ENT Key. Figure 6-111 Selecting Sector Scan Position 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to place the Bearing Line in the desired position. The location of the Bearing Line becomes the center point of the Sector Scan.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-112 40˚ Sector Scan Antenna Stabilization: 1) To activate or deactivate the antenna stabilization, select the MODE Softkey. 2) Select the STAB ON Softkey to activate antenna stabilization or select the STAB OFF Softkey to deactivate. The current stabilization condition is shown in the upper right of the weather radar display. 420 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Weather Attenuated Color Highlight (WATCH®) While in horizontal scan mode, this feature can be used as a tool to determine areas of possible inaccuracies in displayed intensity due to weakening of the radar energy. This weakening is known as attenuation. The radar energy weakens as it passes through areas of intense precipitation, large areas of lesser precipitation, and distance. Issues with the radome also attenuates the radar energy.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Weather Alert The Weather Alert feature indicates the presence of heavy precipitation between the ranges of 80 and 320 nm regardless of the currently displayed range. Weather Alert targets appear as red bands along the outer range ring at the approximate azimuth of the detected returns. If a Weather Alert is detected within ±10° of the aircraft heading, an alert is displayed on the PFD in the Messages Window.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Ground Mapping and Interpretation A secondary use of the weather radar system is for the presentation of terrain. This can be a useful tool for verifying aircraft position. A picture of the ground is represented much like a topographical map that can be used as a supplement to the navigation map on the MFD. Ground Map mode uses a different gain range than Weather mode. Different colors are also used to represent the intensity levels.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE WEATHER RADAR OVERLAY ON THE NAVIGATION MAP PAGE The Map - Weather Radar Page is the principal map page for viewing airborne weather radar information. Weather radar information may also be shown as an overlay on the Navigation Map Page on the MFD as an additional reference. When the airborne weather radar overlay is enabled, a weather radar information box appears in the upperright corner of the Navigation Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Or: 1) On the Navigation Map Page, press the MENU Key. 2) With 'Map Setup' highlighted, press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the 'Weather' group, then press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the product selections and highlight the WX RADAR overlay selection ('On' or 'Off'). Turn the small FMS knob to highlight the desired selection. 5) To remove the menu, press the FMS Knob or CLR Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.4 STORMSCOPE NOTE: The L-3 STORMSCOPE® WX-500 Lightning detection system is not intended for hazardous thunderstorm penetration. Weather information on the G1000 MFD is approved for weather avoidance only. Refer to the WX-500 User’s Guide for a detailed description of Stormscope operation. NOTE: Stormscope lightning data cannot be displayed simultaneously on the same map as data link lightning weather products.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The following Stormscope options are available (Figure 6-118): • STRMSCP LTNG – Turns the display of Stormscope data on or off. • STRMSCP MODE – Selects the CELL or STRIKE mode of lightning activity. Cell mode identifies clusters or cells of electrical activity. Strike mode indicates the approximate location of lightning strikes. • STRMSCP SMBL – Selects the range at which Stormscope data displays. Stormscope data is removed when a map range greater than the STRMSCP SMBL value is selected.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE CELL AND STRIKE MODE ON THE NAVIGATION MAP On the Navigation Map, cell mode identifies cells of lightning activity (Figure 6-119). Stormscope identifies clusters of electrical activity that indicate cells. Strike mode indicates the approximate location of lightning strikes. Selecting the ‘cell’ or ‘strike’ mode on the Navigation Map: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) With ‘Map Setup’ selected, press the ENT Key. 3) Select the ‘Weather’ group. 4) Press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Manually clearing Stormscope data on the Navigation Map: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Select ‘Clear Stormscope® Lightning’ (Figure 6-120). 3) Press the ENT Key. Figure 6-120 Navigation Map Page Options Menu ZOOM RANGE ON THE NAVIGATION MAP Stormscope lightning data can be displayed up to 800 nm zoom range (in North Up orientation) on the Navigation Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SELECTING THE STORMSCOPE PAGE Stormscope lightning data can be displayed at the ranges of 25 nm, 50 nm, 100 nm, and 200 nm. Adjusting the Stormscope Map Range: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Stormscope Page. 3) To change the map range, turn the RANGE Knob clockwise to zoom out or counter-clockwise to zoom in. Figure 6-121 Stormscope Page 430 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Changing between ‘cell’ and ‘strike’ mode: 1) Select the Stormscope Page. 2) Select the MODE Softkey. The CELL and STRIKE softkeys are displayed. 3) Select the CELL Softkey to display ‘CELL’ data or select the STRIKE Softkey to display ‘STRIKE’ data. ‘CELL’ or ‘STRIKE’ is displayed in the mode box in the upper left corner of the Stormscope Page. 4) Select the BACK Softkey to return to the Stormscope Page. Or: 1) Select the Stormscope Page. 2) Press the MENU Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Changing the viewing mode between 360˚ and 120˚: 1) Select the Stormscope Page. 2) Select the VIEW Softkey. The 360 and ARC softkeys are displayed. 3) Select the 360 Softkey to display a 360˚ viewing area or select the ARC Softkey to display a 120˚ viewing area. 4) Select the BACK Softkey to return to the Stormscope Page. Or: 1) Select the Stormscope Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to choose between ‘View Arc’ and ‘View 360˚ options.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.5 TERRAIN PROXIMITY WARNING: Do not use Terrain Proximity information for primary terrain avoidance. Terrain Proximity is intended only to enhance situational awareness. NOTE: Terrain data is not displayed when the aircraft is outside of the terrain database coverage area. NOTE: Terrain Proximity is disabled when the Terrain-SVS or TAWS-B options are installed. G1000 Terrain Proximity is a terrain awareness system that does not comply with TSO-C151b certification standards.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE DISPLAYING TERRAIN PROXIMITY DATA The Map - Terrain Proximity Page is the principal page for viewing terrain and obstacle information. The symbols and colors in the figure and table below are used to represent obstacles and aircraft altitude when the Terrain Proximity Page is selected for display. Terrain Proximity uses black, yellow, and red to represent terrain information relative to aircraft altitude. The color of each obstacle is associated with the altitude of the aircraft.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Terrain data can be selected for display independently of obstacle data; however, obstacles recognized by Terrain Proximity as yellow or red are shown when terrain is selected for display and the map range is within the setting limit. Maps besides the Terrain Proximity Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page. The maximum display ranges for obstacles on each map are dependent on the range setting made for the Navigation Map.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Additional information about obstacles can be displayed by panning over the display on the map. The map panning feature is enabled by pressing the RANGE Knob. The map range is adjusted by turning the RANGE Knob. If the map range is adjusted while panning is enabled, the map is re-centered on the Map Pointer.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Showing/hiding aviation information on the Terrain Proximity Page: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Select ‘Show Aviation Data’ or ‘Hide Aviation Data’ (choice dependent on current state) and press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.6 TERRAIN-SVS WARNING: Do not use Terrain-SVS information for primary terrain avoidance. Terrain-SVS is intended only to enhance situational awareness. NOTE: Terrain data is not displayed if the aircraft is outside of the terrain database coverage area. NOTE: Terrain-SVS is included with the Synthetic Vision Technology (SVT) option is installed. The TAWS-B option will take precedence over the Terrain-SVS and Terrain Proximity features.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Terrain and obstacle databases are referenced to GSL. Using the GPS position and altitude, the Terrain-SVS feature portrays a 3-D picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative to the position and altitude of the aircraft. GPS position and GSL altitude are used to calculate and predict the aircraft’s flight path in relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this way, the pilot can view predicted dangerous terrain and obstacle conditions.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The Map - Terrain-SVS Page is the principal page for viewing terrain and obstacle information. In addition, Terrain-SVS information can be displayed on the following pages and maps for reference: • PFD Inset Map • Trip Planning Page • Navigation Map Page • Flight Plan Pages • Terrain-SVS Page Displaying terrain and obstacle information (maps other than the Terrain-SVS Page): 1) Select the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, select the INSET Softkey).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-131 Navigation Map Page Menu Figure 6-132 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu Figure 6-133 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu, Map Group TERRAIN-SVS PAGE The Terrain-SVS Page is specialized to show terrain, obstacle, and potential impact point data in relation to the aircraft’s current altitude, without clutter from the basemap. Aviation data (airports, VORs, and other NAVAIDs) can be displayed for reference.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Showing/hiding aviation information on the Terrain-SVS Page: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Select ‘Show Aviation Data’ or ‘Hide Aviation Data’, dependent on current state, and press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TERRAIN-SVS ALERTS Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within Terrain-SVS software algorithms. Terrain-SVS alerts typically employ a CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level, or both. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed and voice alerts are simultaneously issued. Table 6-17 shows Terrain-SVS alert types with corresponding annunciations and voice alerts. When an alert is issued, annunciations appear on the PFD and MFD.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Potential impact points Figure 6-137 Alert Pop-up on the MFD Potential Impact Points Alert Annunciation Figure 6-138 Terrain-SVS Alert Annunciation on the MFD TERRAIN-SVS INHIBIT Terrain-SVS visual annunciations and voice alerts can be manually inhibited. Use caution when inhibiting Terrain-SVS as the system should be enabled when appropriate.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-139 Terrain-SVS Alerting Disabled (Terrain-SVS Inhibited) Annunciation Inhibiting/enabling Terrain-SVS alerting: 1) Select the Terrain-SVS Page. 2) Select the INHIBIT Softkey to inhibit or enable Terrain-SVS (choice dependent on current state). Or: a) Press the MENU Key. b) Select ‘Inhibit Terrain-SVS’ or ‘Enable Terrain-SVS’ (choice dependent on current state) and press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE FORWARD LOOKING TERRAIN AVOIDANCE Reduced Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) and Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) alerts are issued when the aircraft flight path is above terrain, yet is projected to come within the minimum clearance values in Figure 6-138. When an RTC alert is issued, a potential impact point is displayed on the Terrain-SVS Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Terrain-SVS continually monitors several system-critical items such as database validity, hardware status, and GPS status. If the terrain/obstacle database is not available, the voice alert “Terrain System Failure” occurs with the ‘TER FAIL’ system status annunciation. Terrain-SVS requires a 3-D GPS navigation solution along with specific vertical accuracy minimums.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.7 TAWS-B WARNING: Do not use TAWS information for primary terrain avoidance. TAWS is intended only to enhance situational awareness. NOTE: Terrain data is not displayed when the aircraft is outside of the terrain database coverage area. NOTE: The data contained in the TAWS databases comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately processes and cross-validates the data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE seldom match the standard conditions defined by the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) model (where pressure, temperature, and lapse rates have fixed values), it is common for the baro-corrected altitude (as read from the altimeter) to differ from the GSL altitude. This variation results in the aircraft’s GSL altitude differing from the baro-corrected altitude.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE • PFD Inset Map • Trip Planning Page • Navigation Map Page • Flight Plan Page Displaying terrain and obstacle information (maps other than the TAWS-B Page): 1) Select the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, select the INSET Softkey). 2) Select the TERRAIN Softkey to display terrain and obstacle data.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6) Turn the small FMS Knob to scroll through options for each product (ON/OFF, range settings). 7) Press the ENT Key to select an option. 8) Press the FMS Knob or CLR Key to return to the Navigation Map Page with the changed settings.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Or: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Select ‘View Arc’ or ‘View 360º’ (choice dependent on current state) and press the ENT Key to change the view Showing/hiding aviation information on the TAWS-B Page: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Select ‘Show Aviation Data’ or ‘Hide Aviation Data’, dependent on current state, and press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Map Orientation Current Aircraft GPSderived GSL Altitude Yellow Terrain (Between 100’ and 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Red Terrain (Above or Within 100’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Map Range Arc Black Terrain (More than 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Terrain Legend Annunciation Window Figure 6-146 TAWS-B Page, ARC View TAWS-B ALERTS Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within TAWS-B software algorithms.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Potential Impact Points Alert Annunciation Figure 6-147 TAWS-B TERRAIN Alert Annunciation on the MFD Alert Annunciation Figure 6-148 Alert Annunciation on the PFD 454 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Potential Impact Points Figure 6-149 Alert Pop-up on the MFD 190-00709-05 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Alert Type PFD/MFD** MFD Pop-Up Alert Alert (except TAWS-B Page) Annunciation Voice Alerts Excessive Descent Rate Warning (EDR) “Pull Up” Reduced Required Terrain Clearance Warning (RTC) or Imminent Terrain Impact Warning (ITI) or Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance Warning (ROC) or Reduced Required Terrain Clearance Caution (RTC) or “Obstacle, Obstacle; Pull Up, Pull Up”* or “Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up; Obstacle Ahead, Pull Up” or “Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain” or “Terra
HAZARD AVOIDANCE EXCESSIVE DESCENT RATE ALERT The purpose of the Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) alert is to provide suitable notification when the aircraft is determined to be closing (descending) upon terrain at an excessive speed. Figure 6-150 shows the parameters for the alert as defined by TSO-C151b.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Required Clearance Level (FT) Descending (FT) 800 700 Required Terrain Clearance (FT) Required Clearance (FT) 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Distance From Runway (NM) Distance From Runway (NM) Figure 6-151 FLTA Alert Minimum Terrain and Obstacle Clearance Values FLTA alerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraft is less than 200 feet above the destination runway elevation while within 0.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS-B INHIBIT TAWS-B PDA and FLTA visual annunciations and voice alerts can be manually inhibited. Use caution when inhibiting TAWS-B alerting as the system should be enabled when appropriate. When TAWS-B is inhibited, the system status annunciation 'TAWS INH' appears on the PFD, and in the MFD terrain annunciation window when terrain display is enabled. Figure 6-153 TAWS-B Alerting Disabled (TAWS-B Inhibited) Annunciation Inhibiting/enabling TAWS-B alerting: 1) Select the TAWS-B Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE • Height above the terrain is less than 700 feet • Distance from the departure airport is 5 nm or less • Heading change from the departure heading is less than 110 degrees Figures 6-154 and 6-155 show the NCR alerting parameters based on Altitude Loss and Sink Rate respectively as defined by TSO-C151b.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM STATUS During G1000 power-up, TAWS-B conducts a system test of its alerting capabilities. The system test can also be manually initiated. A voice alert occurs at test completion. TAWS-B System Testing is disabled when ground speed exceeds 30 knots.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Alert Cause MFD Terrain or Obstacle database unavailable or invalid.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.8 PROFILE VIEW TERRAIN The G1000 offers a Profile View of terrain and obstacles relative to the aircraft’s current flight path and altitude on the Navigation Map Page of the MFD. Profile View does not provide terrain or obstacle caution or warning annunciations or voice alerts systems, nor does it display potential impact points inside the Profile View. The colors and symbols in Figure 6-157 and Table 6-25 are used to represent terrain and obstacles.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE PROFILE VIEW DISPLAY When the Profile View is enabled, it is displayed in a window below the Navigation Map. Altitude is shown along a vertical scale, with an aircraft icon positioned at the current altitude. Distance is represented horizontally along the bottom of the Profile View, and increases from left (present position) to right.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Flight Phase Total Profile View Width Approach 0.6 nm Departure 0.6 nm Terminal 2.0 nm Enroute 4.0 nm Oceanic 4.0 nm Table 6-26 Profile View Width Scale PROFILE PATH The Profile Path displays the horizontal and lateral boundaries of the Profile View. The path is shown as a white rectangle on the Navigation Map Page and is only available when Profile View is enabled.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-159 Navigation Map Page Menu Figure 6-160 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu 466 Figure 6-161 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu, Profile Group Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.9 TRAFFIC INFORMATION SERVICE (TIS) WARNING: The Traffic Information Service (TIS) is intended for advisory use only. TIS is intended to help the pilot locate traffic visually. It is the responsibility of the pilot to see and maneuver to avoid traffic. NOTE: TIS is available only when the aircraft is within the service volume of a TIS-capable terminal radar site. Aircraft without an operating transponder are invisible to both Traffic Advisory Systems (TAS) and TIS.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE DISPLAYING TRAFFIC DATA The Map - Traffic Map Page is the principal page for viewing traffic information. Additional displays of traffic information are available as map overlays while TIS is operating, and serve as additional reference to the Traffic Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 3) Select the softkey again to display the traffic-only inset (TRFC-2). 4) Select the softkey again to remove traffic data. Customizing traffic display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Map Setup’ highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-163). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the ‘Traffic’ Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-164).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The Navigation Map Page Setup Menu provides a means in addition to the softkey for enabling/disabling display of traffic. The setup menu also controls the map range settings above which traffic data (symbols and labels) are decluttered from the display. If a map range larger than the map range setting is selected, the data is removed from the map. Maps besides the Traffic Map Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Traffic Mode Annunciation “TIS Not Available” Voice Alert Status Non-Threat Traffic, 2500’ Above, Descending Traffic Advisory, 500’ Below, Climbing Range Marking Ring “Non-Bearing” Traffic (System Unable to Determine Bearing) Distance is 4.0 nm, 500’ Above, Descending Traffic Advisory Off Scale 400’ Below, Level Non-Threat Traffic, Altitude Not Reported Traffic Status Banners Figure 6-166 Traffic Map Page 190-00709-05 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TIS ALERTS When the number of TAs on the Traffic Map Page increases from one scan to the next, the following occur: • A single “Traffic” voice alert is generated. • A ‘TRAFFIC’ Annunciation appears to the top left of the Attitude Indicator on the PFD, flashing for 5 seconds and remaining displayed until no TAs are detected in the area. • The PFD Inset Map is automatically displayed with traffic.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Muting the “TIS Not Available” voice alert: 1) Select the Traffic Map Page. 2) Select the TNA MUTE Softkey. The status is displayed in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page. Or: a) Press the MENU Key. b) Select ‘‘’Not Available” Mute On’ (shown if TNA muting is currently off) and press the ENT Key. SYSTEM STATUS The G1000 performs an automatic test of TIS during power-up. If TIS passes the test, TIS enters Standby Mode (on the ground) or Operating Mode (in the air).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The traffic mode is annunciated in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page. When the aircraft is on the ground, TIS automatically enters Standby Mode. If traffic is selected for display on another map while Standby Mode is selected, the traffic display enabled icon is crossed out (also the case whenever TIS has failed). Once the aircraft is airborne, TIS switches to Operating Mode and traffic information is displayed. The mode can be changed manually using softkeys or the page menu.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The annunciations to indicate the status of traffic information appear in a banner at the lower left corner of maps on which traffic can be displayed (Table 6-30). Traffic Status Banner Annunciation TA OFF SCALE TA X.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.10 GTS 820 TRAFFIC WARNING: The GTS 820 Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is intended for advisory use only to aid the pilot in visually acquiring traffic. No avoidance maneuvers should be based solely upon TAS traffic information. It is the responsibility of the pilot in command to see and maneuver to avoid traffic. NOTE: Pilots should be aware of TAS system limitations. TAS systems require transponders of other aircraft to respond to system interrogations.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE NOTE: Do not confuse this functionality with full ADS-B capability, which can provide traffic information from ADS-B Ground-Based Transceivers (GBTs) and ADS-B traffic outside of the TAS surveillance volume. This system is limited to displaying ADS-B information from suitably equipped airborne aircraft within the TAS surveillance volume.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Relative altitude, when available, is displayed above or below the corresponding intruder symbol in hundreds of feet. When this altitude is above own aircraft, it is preceded by a ‘+’ symbol; a minus sign ‘-’ indicates traffic is below own aircraft. A vertical trend arrow to the right of the intruder symbol indicates climbing or descending traffic (for speeds greater than 500 fpm in either direction) with an upward or downward-pointing arrow respectively .
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TA ALERTING CONDITIONS The GTS 820 automatically adjusts its TA sensitivity level to reduce the likelihood of nuisance TA alerting during flight phases likely to be near airports. Level A (less) TA sensitivity is used when the aircraft’s landing gear is extended, or when the radar altimeter (if equipped) indicates own aircraft altitude is below 2000’ AGL. In all other conditions, Level B (greater) TA sensitivity is used to assess TA threats.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAS ALERTS NOTE: Traffic voice alerts do not occur at or below 400' AGL (if a radar altimeter is installed) or when the landing gear is extended (if a radar altimeter is not installed). Only visual traffic annunciations are issued under these conditions.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM TEST NOTE: GTS 820 traffic surveillance is not available during the system test. Use caution when performing a system test during flight. The GTS 820 provides a system test mode to verify the TAS system is operating normally. The test takes ten seconds to complete. When the system test is initiated, a test pattern of traffic symbols is displayed on the Traffic Map Page (Figure 6-172).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE OPERATION NOTE: The GTS 820 automatically transitions from STANDBY to OPERATE mode eight seconds after takeoff. The unit also automatically transitions from OPERATE to STANDBY mode 24 seconds after landing. After power-up, the GTS 820 is in Standby Mode. The GTS 820 must be in Operating Mode for traffic to be displayed and for TAs to be issued. Selecting the OPERATE Softkey allows the GTS 820 to switch from Standby Mode to Operating Mode as necessary.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Traffic Mode Traffic Display Range Altitude Mode Non-Threat Traffic, 2500’ Above, Descending Traffic Advisory, 500’ Below, Climbing “No Bearing” Traffic (Bearing Undetermined), Distance 4.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Altitude Display The pilot can select the volume of airspace in which non-threat and proximity traffic is displayed. TAs occurring outside of these limits will always be shown. Changing the altitude range: 1) On the Traffic Map Page, select the ALT MODE Softkey. 2) Select one of the following Softkeys: • ABOVE: Displays non-threat and proximity traffic from 9000 feet above the aircraft to 2700 feet below the aircraft. Typically used during climb phase of flight.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Flight ID Figure 6-174 Traffic Map Page with Flight IDs Enabled Enabling/Disabling Flight ID Display: On the Traffic Map Page, select the FLT ID Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to choose ‘Show Flight IDs’ or ‘Hide Flight IDs’ (choice dependent on current state) (Figure 6-175). 3) Press the ENT Key. Figure 6-175 Traffic Map Page Menu 190-00709-05 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Traffic Map Page Display Range The display range on the Traffic Map Page can be changed at any time. Map range is adjustable with the RANGE Knob from 2 to 40 nm, as indicated by the map range rings. Changing the display range on the Traffic Map Page: 1) Turn the RANGE Knob.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Non-Threat Traffic Traffic Advisory Proximity Traffic Proximity Traffic TA Off Scale Banner Traffic Icon “No Bearing” Traffic Advisory Figure 6-176 TAS Traffic on Navigation Map Customizing the traffic display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-177). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-178).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-177 Navigation Map Page Menu Figure 6-178 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu Figure 6-179 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu, Traffic Group The Navigation Map Page Setup Menu also controls the display of traffic. The setup menu controls the map range settings. Traffic data symbols and labels can be decluttered from the display. If a map range larger than the map range setting is selected, the data is removed from the map.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Traffic Mode Annunciation (Traffic Map Page) Mode TAS System Test Initiated TEST (also shown in white in center of page) TAS Operating OPERATING TAS Standby STANDBY (also shown in white in center of page) TAS Failed* FAIL Traffic Display Status Icon (Other Maps) * See Table 6-36 for additional failure annunciations Table 6-35 TAS Modes If the traffic unit fails, an annunciation as to the cause of the failure is shown in the center of the Traffic Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.11 KTA 870 TRAFFIC NOTE: Refer to the Honeywell® KTA 870 Pilot’s Guide for a detailed discussion of the KTA 870 TAS. TAS SYMBOLOGY The Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is designed to help in detection and avoidance of other aircraft. TAS uses an on-board interrogator-processor and the Mode S transponder for the air-to-air traffic data link. Traffic is displayed using the symbols shown in Table 6-38.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE OPERATION NOTE: The traffic unit may be configured to automatically change from STANDBY to NORMAL mode after takeoff or from NORMAL to STANDBY mode after landing. Refer to the KTA 870 Pilot's Guide for additional operating instructions.. Selecting the STANDBY Softkey forces the unit into Standby Mode. Selecting the NORMAL Softkey allows the KTA 870 to switch from Standby Mode to Operating Mode as necessary.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Operating Mode Altitude Mode Non-Threat Traffic, 2500’ Above, Descending Traffic Advisory, Aircraft is 500’ Below, Climbing Traffic Display Range Rings “No Bearing” Traffic (Bearing Undetermined), Distance 4.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Non-Threat Traffic Traffic Advisory Proximity Traffic Proximity Traffic TA Off Scale Banner Traffic Icon “No Bearing” Traffic Advisory Figure 6-181 TAS Traffic on Navigation Map Displaying traffic information (PFD Inset Map): 1) Select the INSET Softkey. 2) Select the TRAFFIC Softkey to display traffic data on the inset map (TRFC-1). 3) Select the softkey again to display the traffic-only inset (TRFC-2). 4) Select the softkey again to remove traffic data.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE ALTITUDE DISPLAY Changing the altitude display mode: 1) On the Traffic Page, select the ALT MODE Softkey. 2) Select one of the following Softkeys: • BELOW • NORMAL • ABOVE • UNREST (unrestricted) 3) To return to the Traffic Page, select the BACK Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select one of the following: • BELOW • NORMAL • ABOVE • UNREST (unrestricted) 3) Press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Customizing the traffic display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-182). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-183). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll through the selections (Figure 6-184).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAS ALERTS NOTE: Refer to the KTA 870 documentation for information on alerts generated by the TAS equipment. When the number of TAs on the Traffic Map Page increases from one scan to the next, the following occur: • A “Traffic, Traffic” voice alert is generated when the first TA is displayed. • A 'TRAFFIC' Annunciation appears at the top right of the airspeed on the PFD, flashing for 5 seconds and remaining displayed until no TAs are detected in the area.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE If the unit fails, an annunciation as to the cause of the failure is shown in the center of the Traffic Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Blank Page 498 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SECTION 7 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM NOTE: The approved Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) always supersedes this Pilot’s Guide. The digital Garmin Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) is fully integrated within the G1000 System avionics architecture. The System Overview section provides a block diagram to support this system description.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM BASIC AUTOPILOT OPERATION This section provides an overview for autopilot engagement and disengagement. A more detailed description follows in Section 7.5. • Autopilot Engagement — The autopilot may be engaged by pushing the AP Key on the AFCS Control Unit. Annunciations regarding the engagement are indicated on the PFD.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.1 AFCS CONTROLS The AFCS Control Unit is positioned above the MFD, and has the following controls: HDG Key APR Key Selects/deselects Heading Select Mode 4 NAV Key FD Key 5 XFR Key Selects/deselects Navigation Mode Activates/deactivates the flight director only Pressing once turns on the selected flight director in the default vertical and lateral modes. Pressing again deactivates the flight director and removes the Command Bars.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM The following AFCS controls are located separately from the AFCS Control Unit: AP DISC Switch (Autopilot Disconnect) CWS Button (Control Wheel Steering) Disengages the autopilot, yaw damper, and flight director and interrupts pitch trim operation An AP DISC Switch is located on each control wheel. This switch may be used to acknowledge an autopilot disconnect alert and mute the associated aural tone.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.2 FLIGHT DIRECTOR OPERATION The flight director function provides pitch and roll commands to the AFCS and displays them on the PFDs. With the flight director active, the aircraft can be hand-flown to follow the path shown by the Command Bars. Maximum commanded pitch (-15°, +25°) and roll (25°) angles, vertical acceleration, and roll rate are limited to values established during AFCS certification. The flight director also provides commands to the autopilot.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM AFCS STATUS BOX Flight director mode annunciations are displayed on the PFDs when the flight director is active. Flight director selection and autopilot and yaw damper statuses are shown in the center of the AFCS Status Box. Lateral flight director modes are displayed on the left and vertical on the right. Armed modes are displayed in white and active in green.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLIGHT DIRECTOR MODES Flight director modes are normally selected independently for the pitch and roll axes. Unless otherwise specified, all mode keys are alternate action (i.e., press on, press off). In the absence of specific mode selection, the flight director reverts to the default pitch and/or roll mode(s). Mode keys on the AFCS controller are accompanied by annunciator lights (Figure 7-1) which are illuminated when their respective modes are armed or active.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM COMMAND BARS Upon activation of the flight director, Command Bars are displayed in magenta on the PFDs as a single-cue. The Command Bars do not override the (yellow) Aircraft Symbol. The single-cue Command Bars (Figure 7-5) move together vertically to indicate pitch commands and bank left or right to indicate roll commands.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.3 VERTICAL MODES Table 7-2 lists the vertical modes with their corresponding controls and annunciations. The mode reference is displayed next to the active mode annunciation for Altitude Hold, Vertical Speed, and Flight Level Change modes. The NOSE UP/DN Wheel can be used to change the vertical mode reference while operating under Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, or Flight Level Change Mode.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM PITCH HOLD MODE (PIT) When the flight director is activated (the FD Key is pressed) or switched (the XFR Key is pressed), Pitch Hold Mode is selected by default. Pitch Hold Mode is indicated as the active vertical mode by the ‘PIT’ annunciation. This mode may be used for climb or descent to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter), since Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed when Pitch Hold Mode is activated.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SELECTED ALTITUDE CAPTURE MODE (ALTS) Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed with activation of the following modes: • Pitch Hold • Go Around • Vertical Speed • Vertical Path Tracking (if the Selected Altitude is to be captured instead of the VNV Target Altitude) • Flight Level Change The white ‘ALTS’ annunciation indicates Selected Altitude Capture Mode is armed (see Figure 7-6 for example).
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM ALTITUDE HOLD MODE (ALT) Altitude Hold Mode can be activated by pressing the ALT Key; the flight director maintains the current aircraft altitude (to the nearest 10 feet) as the Altitude Reference. The flight director’s Altitude Reference, shown in the AFCS Status Box, is independent of the Selected Altitude, displayed above the Altimeter. Altitude Hold Mode active is indicated by a green ‘ALT’ annunciation in the AFCS Status Box.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM VERTICAL SPEED MODE (VS) In Vertical Speed Mode, the flight director acquires and maintains a Vertical Speed Reference. Current aircraft vertical speed (to the nearest 100 fpm) becomes the Vertical Speed Reference at the moment of Vertical Speed Mode activation. This mode may be used for climb or descent to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter) since Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed when Vertical Speed Mode is selected.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLIGHT LEVEL CHANGE MODE (FLC) NOTE: The Selected Altitude should be set before selecting Flight Level Change Mode. Flight Level Change Mode is selected by pressing the FLC Key. This mode acquires and maintains the Airspeed Reference (in IAS or Mach) while climbing or descending to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter). When Flight Level Change Mode is active, the flight director continuously monitors Selected Altitude, airspeed, Mach, and altitude.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM The Airspeed Reference (shown in both the AFCS Status Box and above the Airspeed Indicator) may be adjusted by: • Using the NOSE UP/DN Wheel • Pressing the CWS Button, hand-flying the aircraft to attain a new Airspeed Reference, then releasing the CWS Button NOTE: If the Selected Altitude is reached during CWS maneuvering, the Altitude Reference is not changed.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM VERTICAL NAVIGATION MODES (VPTH, ALTV) NOTE: VNV is disabled when parallel track or Dead Reckoning Mode is active. Refer to the Flight Management Section for more information on VNV flight plans. NOTE: The Selected Altitude takes precedence over any other vertical constraints. Vertical Navigation (VNV) flight control is available for enroute/terminal cruise and descent operations when VNV flight planning is available.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Prior to descent path interception, the Selected Altitude must be set below the current aircraft altitude by at least 75 feet. For the flight director to transition from Altitude Hold to Vertical Path Tracking Mode, acknowledgment is required within five minutes of descent path interception by: • Pressing the VNV Key • Adjusting the Selected Altitude If acknowledgment is not received within 1 minute of descent path interception, the white ‘VPTH’ annunciation starts to flash.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM When a descent leg is captured (i.e., vertical deviation becomes valid), Vertical Path Tracking becomes active and tracks the descent profile (Figure 7-14). An altitude capture mode (‘ALTS’ or ‘ALTV’) is armed as appropriate.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Automatic Reversion to Pitch Hold Mode Several situations can occur while Vertical Path Tracking Mode is active which cause the flight director to revert to Pitch Hold Mode: • Vertical deviation exceeds 200 feet during an overspeed condition. • Vertical deviation experiences a discontinuity that both exceeds 200 feet in magnitude and results in the vertical deviation exceeding 200 feet in magnitude.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM As the aircraft nears the VNV Target Altitude, the flight director automatically transitions to VNV Target Altitude Capture Mode with Altitude Hold Mode armed. This automatic transition is indicated by the green ‘ALTV’ annunciation flashing for up to 10 seconds and the appearance of the white ‘ALT” annunciation. The VNV Target Altitude is shown as the Altitude Reference beside the ‘ALTV’ annunciation and remains displayed above the Vertical Speed Indicator.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM NOTE: Some RNAV (GPS) approaches provide a vertical descent angle as an aid in flying a stabilized approach. These approaches are NOT considered Approaches with Vertical Guidance (APV). Approaches that are annunciated on the HSI as LNAV or LNAV+V are considered Nonprecision Approaches (NPA) and are flown to an MDA even though vertical glidepath (GP) information may be provided.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM GLIDESLOPE MODE (GS) NOTE: Pressing the CWS Button while Glideslope Mode is active does not cancel the mode. The autopilot guides the aircraft back to the glideslope upon release of the CWS Button. Glideslope Mode is available for LOC/ILS approaches to capture and track the glideslope. When Glideslope Mode is armed (annunciated as ‘GS’ in white), LOC Approach Mode is armed as the lateral flight director mode.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM TAKEOFF (TO) AND GO AROUND (GA) MODES In Takeoff and Go Around modes, the flight director commands a constant set pitch attitude. The GA Switch is used to select both modes. The mode entered by the flight director depends on whether the aircraft is on the ground. Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed when the aircraft is at least 400 feet below the Selected altitude at the time Takeoff or Go Around Mode is selected.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.4 LATERAL MODES The following table relates each AFCS lateral mode to its respective control and annunciation. Refer to the vertical modes section for information regarding Takeoff and Go Around modes. NOTE: The AFCS may generate a lower bank angle than the maximum roll command limit in degrees indicated in table 7-3 by the amount needed to produce a turn rate equal to or less than standard rate.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM ROLL HOLD MODE (ROL) NOTE: If Roll Hold Mode is activated as a result of a mode reversion, the flight director rolls wings level. When the flight director is activated or switched, Roll Hold Mode is selected by default. This mode is annunciated as ‘ROL’ in the AFCS Status Box. The current aircraft bank angle is held, subject to the bank angle condition.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM HEADING SELECT MODE (HDG) Heading Select Mode is activated by pressing the HDG Key. Heading Select Mode acquires and maintains the Selected Heading. The Selected Heading is shown by a cyan bug on the HSI and in the box to the upper left of the HSI. NOTE: Pressing the HDG Knob synchronizes the Selected Heading to the current heading. The Selected Heading is adjusted using the HDG Knob.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM If the Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) shows greater than one dot when the NAV Key is pressed, the selected mode is armed. If the CDI is less than one dot, Navigation Mode is automatically captured when the NAV Key is pressed. The armed annunciation appears in white to the left of the active lateral mode.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM APPROACH MODES (GPS, VAPP, LOC) NOTE: The selected navigation receiver must have a valid VOR or LOC signal or active GPS course for the flight director to enter Approach Mode. Approach Mode is activated when the APR Key is pressed. Approach Mode acquires and tracks the selected navigation source (GPS, VOR, or LOC), depending on loaded approach. This mode uses the selected navigation receiver deviation and desired course inputs to fly the approach.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM LOC Approach Mode allows the autopilot to fly a LOC/ILS approach with a glideslope. When LOC Approach Mode is armed, Glideslope Mode is also armed automatically. LOC captures are inhibited if the difference between aircraft heading and localizer course exceeds 105°. Selecting LOC Approach Mode: 1) Ensure a valid localizer frequency is tuned. 2) Ensure that LOC is the selected navigation source (use the CDI Softkey to cycle through navigation sources if necessary).
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM BACKCOURSE MODE (BC) NOTE: When making a backcourse approach, set the Selected Course to the localizer front course. Backcourse Mode captures and tracks a localizer signal in the backcourse direction. The mode may be selected by pressing the BC Key. Backcourse Mode is armed if the CDI is greater than one dot when the mode is selected. If the CDI is less than one dot, Backcourse Mode is automatically captured when the BC Key is pressed.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.5 AUTOPILOT AND YAW DAMPER OPERATION NOTE: Refer to the POH for specific instructions regarding emergency procedures. The Socata TBM850/900 autopilot and yaw damper operate the flight control surface servos to provide automatic flight control. The autopilot controls the aircraft pitch and roll attitudes following commands received from the flight director.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM ENGAGEMENT NOTE: Autopilot engagement/disengagement is not equivalent to servo engagement/disengagement. Use the CWS Button to disengage the pitch and roll servos while the autopilot remains active. When the AP Key is pressed, the autopilot, yaw damper, and flight director (if not already active) are activated and the annunciator lights on the AFCS controller for the autopilot and yaw damper are illuminated.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM DISENGAGEMENT NOTE: Pressing the AP Key does not disengage the yaw damper. The autopilot may be manually disengaged by pushing the AP DISC, GA, MERT Switch, MEPT ARM Switch, or the AP Key on the AFCS Control Unit. Manual disengagement is indicated by a five-second flashing yellow ‘AP’ annunciation and a three-second autopilot disconnect aural alert. The AP DISC or MEPT ARM Switch may be used to cancel the aural alert.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.6 EXAMPLE FLIGHT PLAN NOTE: The following example flight plan and diagrams (not to be used for navigation) in this section are for instructional purposes only and should be considered not current. Numbered portions of accompanying diagrams correspond to numbered procedure steps. This scenario-based set of procedures (based on the example flight plan found in the Flight Management Section) shows various Garmin AFCS modes used during a flight.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 2) In this example, Vertical Speed Mode is used to capture the Selected Altitude (Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, or Flight Level Change Mode may be used). a) Press the VS Key to activate Vertical Speed Mode. The Vertical Speed Reference may be adjusted after Vertical Speed Mode is selected using the NOSE UP/DN Wheel or pushing the CWS Button while hand-flying the aircraft to establish a new Vertical Speed Reference.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM INTERCEPTING A VOR RADIAL During climb-out, the autopilot continues to fly the aircraft in Heading Select Mode. Airway V4 to Salina VOR (SLN) should now be intercepted. Since the enroute flight plan waypoints correspond to VORs, flight director Navigation Mode using either VOR or GPS as the navigation source may be used. In this scenario, VOR Navigation Mode is used for navigation to the first VOR waypoint in the flight plan.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLYING A FLIGHT PLAN/GPS COURSE NOTE: Changing the navigation source cancels Navigation Mode and causes the flight director to revert back to Roll Hold Mode (wings rolled level). As the aircraft closes on Salina VOR, GPS is used to navigate the next leg, airway V244. The aircraft is currently tracking inbound on Airway V4. Flying a GPS flight plan: 1) Transition from VOR to GPS Navigation Mode: a) Press the CDI Softkey until GPS is the selected navigation source.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM DESCENT While flying the arrival procedure, the aircraft is cleared for descent in preparation for the approach to KCOS. Three methods are presented for descent: • Flight Level Change descent – Flight Level Change Mode can be used to descend to the Selected Altitude at a constant airspeed. This descent method does not account for flight plan waypoint altitude constraints.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Vertical Path Tracking descent to VNV Target Altitude: 1) Select VNV flight control: a) Press the VNV Key to arm Vertical Path Tracking Mode. The white annunciation ‘VPTH’ appears. b) Using the ALT SEL Knob, set the Selected Altitude 75 feet below the flight plan’s VNV Target Altitude of 10,000 feet.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Non-path descent using Flight Level Change Mode: 1) Command a non-path descent to an intermediate altitude above the next VNV flight plan altitude. Use Flight Level Change Mode: a) Using the ALT SEL Knob, set the Selected Altitude below the current aircraft altitude to an altitude (in this case, 9,400 feet) at which to level off between VNV flight plan altitudes. b) Press the FLC Key before the planned TOD during an altitude hold while VPTH is armed.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM VP TH M od e Planned TOD 2 BOD ALT Mode 1 FL C VNAV Target Altitude of 10,000 MSL Pla nn M od e 3 Selected Altitude of 9,400 MSL ed De sce nt Pa th ALT Mode TOD 4 VP TH VNAV Target Altitude of 9,000 MSL Mo de 5 BOD ALT Mode Selected Altitude 3 nm OPSHN HABUK Figure 7-41 Non-path Descent APPROACH NOTE: If an approach contains a DME arc, the arc must be flown in Navigation Mode with the AFCS.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 3) There are two options available at this point, as the autopilot flies the ILS approach: • Push the AP DISC Switch at the decision height and land the aircraft • Use the GA Switch to execute a missed approach.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 3) Once the glidepath is captured, Glidepath Mode becomes active. The flight director now provides guidance to the missed approach point. 4) There are two options available at this point, as the autopilot flies the approach: • Push the AP DISC Switch at the decision height and land the aircraft. • Use the GA Switch to execute a missed approach.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM GO AROUND/MISSED APPROACH NOTE: As a result of calculations performed by the system while flying the holding pattern, the display may re-size automatically and the aircraft may not precisely track the holding pattern as depicted on the PFD and MFD. Flying a missed approach: 1) Push the GA Switch at the Decision height and apply go around power to execute a missed approach. The flight director Command Bars establish a nose-up climb to follow.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 4 MOGAL GPS NAV Mode 3 2 GA Mode KCOS 1 Figure 7-44 Go Around/Missed Approach 190-00709-05 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.7 AFCS ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTS AFCS STATUS ALERTS The annunciations in Table 7-5 (listed in order of increasing priority) can appear on the PFDs above the Airspeed and Attitude indicators. Only one annunciation may occur at a time, and messages are prioritized by criticality.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM OVERSPEED PROTECTION NOTE: Overspeed protection is not active in Altitude Hold, Glideslope or Glidepath modes. While Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, Flight Level Change, Vertical Path Tracking, or an altitude capture mode is active, airspeed is monitored by the flight director. Pitch commands are not changed until overspeed protection becomes active.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.8 ABNORMAL OPERATION SUSPECTED AUTOPILOT MALFUNCTION NOTE: Consult the aircraft documentation for the location of circuit breakers as well as specifics that may supplement or amplify this procedure. If an autopilot failure or trim failure is suspected to have occurred, perform the following steps: 1) Firmly grasp the control wheel. 2) Press and hold the AP DISC Switch. The autopilot will disconnect and power is removed from the trim motor.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SECTION 8 ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: With the availability of SafeTaxi®, ChartView, or FliteCharts®, it may be necessary to carry another source of charts on-board the aircraft.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.1 SYNTHETIC VISION TECHNOLOGY (SVT) WARNING: Use appropriate primary systems for navigation, and for terrain, obstacle, and traffic avoidance. SVT is intended as an aid to situational awareness only and may not provide either the accuracy or reliability upon which to solely base decisions and/or plan maneuvers to avoid terrain, obstacles, or traffic. The optional Synthetic Vision Technology (SVT) is a visual enhancement to the G1000 Integrated Flight Deck.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Figure 8-1 Synthetic Vision Imagery SVT OPERATION SVT is activated from the PFD using the softkeys located along the bottom edge of the display. Pressing the softkeys turns the related function on or off. When SVT is enabled, the pitch scale increments are reduced to 10 degrees up and 7.5 degrees down. SVT functions are displayed on three levels of softkeys. The PFD Softkey leads into the PFD function Softkeys, including synthetic vision.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES PFD SYN VIS BACK Pressing the BACK Softkey returns to the top-level softkeys. BACK PATHWAY SYN TERR HRZN HDG APTSIGNS Pressing the BACK Softkey returns to the previous level of softkeys. Figure 8-2 SVT Softkeys Enabling and disabling SVT: 1) Press the PFD Softkey. 2) Press the SYN VIS Softkey. 3) Press the SYN TERR Softkey. The SVT display will cycle on or off with the SYN TERR Softkey. Enabling and disabling Pathways: 1) Press the PFD Softkey. 2) Press the SYN VIS Softkey.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SVT FEATURES Selected Altitude Pathways Color matches CDI color Airport Runway Flight Path Marker Airplane Symbol Zero Pitch Line (ZPL) with Compass Heading Marks Synthetic Terrain SVT Softkeys Figure 8-3 SVT on the Primary Flight Display NOTE: Pathways and terrain features are not a substitute for standard course and altitude deviation information provided by the altimeter, CDI, and VDI.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selected Altitude Programmed Altitudes Figure 8-4 Programmed and Selected Altitude Pathways provide supplemental glidepath/glideslope information on an active ILS, LPV, LNAV/VNAV, LP, and some LNAV approaches. Pathways are intended as an aid to situational awareness and should not be used independent of the CDI, VDI, glide path indicator, and glide slope indicator. They are removed from the display when the selected navigation information is not available.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Descent and Approach Pathways are shown descending only for a programmed descent (Figures 8-5, 8-6). When the flight plan includes programmed descent segments, pathways are displayed along the descent path provided that the selected altitude is lower than the programmed altitude.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Missed Approach Upon activating the missed approach, pathways lead to the Missed Approach Holding Point (MAHP) and are displayed as a level path at the published altitude for the MAHP, or the selected altitude, whichever is the highest. If the initial missed approach leg is a Course-to-Altitude (CA) leg, the pathways boxes will be displayed level at the altitude published for the MAHP.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLIGHT PATH MARKER The Flight Path Marker (FPM), also known as a Velocity Vector, is displayed on the PFD at groundspeeds above 30 knots. The FPM depicts the approximate projected path of the aircraft accounting for wind speed and direction relative to the three-dimensional terrain display. The FPM is always available when the Synthetic Terrain feature is in operation.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES HORIZON HEADING The Horizon Heading is synchronized with the HSI and shows approximately 60 degrees of compass heading in 30‑degree increments on the Zero Pitch Line. Horizon Heading tick marks and digits appearing on the zero pitch line are not visible behind either the airspeed or altitude display. Horizon Heading is used for general heading awareness, and is activated and deactivated by pressing the HRZN HDG Softkey. TRAFFIC WARNING: Intruder aircraft at or below 500 ft.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES RUNWAYS WARNING: Do not use SVT runway depiction as the sole means for determining the proximity of the aircraft to the runway or for maintaining the proper approach path angle during landing. NOTE: Not all airports have runways with endpoint data in the database, therefore, these runways are not displayed. Runway data provides improved awareness of runway location with respect to the surrounding terrain.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES TERRAIN-SVT AND TAWS ALERTING Terrain alerting on the synthetic terrain display is triggered by Forward-looking Terrain Avoidance (FLTA) alerts, and corresponds to the red and yellow X symbols on the Inset Map and MFD map displays. For more detailed information regarding Terrain-SVT and TAWS, refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section. In some instances, a terrain or obstacle alert may be issued with no conflict shading displayed on the synthetic terrain.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Obstacles are represented on the synthetic terrain display by standard two-dimensional tower symbols found on the Inset map and MFD maps and charts. Obstacle symbols appear in the perspective view with relative height above terrain and distance from the aircraft.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES FIELD OF VIEW The PFD field of view can be represented on the MFD Navigation Map Page. Two dashed lines forming a V‑shape in front of the aircraft symbol on the map, represent the forward viewing area shown on the PFD. Configuring field of view: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight Map Setup and press the ENT Key.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The following figure compares the PFD forward looking depiction with the MFD plan view and FIELD OF VIEW turned on. Lines Depict PFD Field of View SVT View on the PFD Field of View on the MFD Figure 8-13 PFD and MFD Field of View Comparison 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.2 SAFETAXI® SafeTaxi® is an enhanced feature that gives greater map detail when viewing airports at close range. The maximum map ranges for enhanced detail are pilot configurable. When viewing at ranges close enough to show the airport detail, the map reveals taxiways with identifying letters/numbers, airport Hot Spots, and airport landmarks including ramps, buildings, control towers, and other prominent features. Resolution is greater at lower map ranges.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Taxiway Identification Aircraft Position Airport Hot Spot Outline Airport Features Figure 8-14 SafeTaxi Depiction on the Navigation Map Page DCLTR Softkey Removes Taxiway Markings The DCLTR Softkey (declutter) label advances to DCLTR-1, DCLTR -2, and DCLTR-3 each time the softkey is selected for easy recognition of decluttering level. Selecting the DCLTR Softkey removes the taxiway markings and airport feature labels.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Configuring SafeTaxi range: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Map Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. Figure 8-15 Navigation Map PAGE MENU, Map Setup Option 3) Turn the FMS Knob to select the Aviation Group and press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the Aviation Group options to SAFETAXI. 5) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the range of distances.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SAFETAXI CYCLE NUMBER AND REVISION SafeTaxi database is revised every 56 days. SafeTaxi is always available for use after the expiration date. When turning on the system, the Power-up Page indicates whether the databases are current, out of date, or not available. SafeTaxi Database Figure 8-17 Power-up Page, SafeTaxi Database Power-up Page Display Definition Normal operation. SafeTaxi database is valid and within current cycle. SafeTaxi database has expired.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Select the MFD1 DB Softkey to place the cursor in the DATABASE window. Scroll through the listed information by turning the FMS Knob or pressing the ENT Key until the SafeTaxi database information is shown.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Select the PFD1 DB Softkey. The softkey label will change to PFD2 DB. The DATABASE window will now display database information for PFD2. Again, scroll through the listed information by turning the FMS Knob or pressing the ENT Key until the SafeTaxi database information is shown. Refer to Updating Garmin Databases in Appendix B for instructions on revising the SafeTaxi database. Figure 8-19 illustrates possible SafeTaxi database conditions that may appear on the AUX - System Status Page.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.3 CHARTVIEW ChartView resembles the paper version of Jeppesen terminal procedures charts. The charts are displayed in full color with high-resolution. The MFD depiction shows the aircraft position on the moving map in the planview of approach charts and on airport diagrams. Airport Hot Spots are outlined in magenta. The geo-referenced aircraft position is indicated by an aircraft symbol displayed on the chart when the current position is within the boundaries of the chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHARTVIEW SOFTKEYS ChartView functions are displayed on three levels of softkeys. While on the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airports Page, or Flight Plan Page, selecting the SHW CHRT Softkey displays the available terminal chart and advances to the chart selection level of softkeys: CHRT OPT, CHRT, INFO-1/2, DP, STAR, APR, WX, NOTAM, and GO BACK. The chart selection softkeys shown below appear on the Airport Information Page.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES TERMINAL PROCEDURES CHARTS Selecting Terminal Procedures Charts: While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airport Page, or Flight Plan Page, select the SHW CHRT Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu to Show Chart. 3) Press the ENT Key to display the chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES When a chart is not available by selecting the SHW CHRT Softkey or selecting a Page Menu Option, charts may be obtained for other airports from the WPT Pages or Flight Plan Pages. If a chart is available for the destination airport, or the airport selected in the active flight plan, the chart appears on the screen. When no flight plan is active, or when not flying to a direct-to destination, selecting the SHW CHRT Softkey displays the chart for the nearest airport, if available.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES While the APPROACH Box is selected using the FMS Knob, the G1000 softkeys are blank. Once the desired chart is selected, the chart scale can be changed and the chart page can be scrolled using the Joystick. Pressing the Joystick centers the chart on the screen. The aircraft symbol is shown on the chart only if the chart is to scale and the aircraft position is within the boundaries of the chart. The aircraft symbol is not displayed when the Aircraft Not Shown Icon appears (Figure 8‑29).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the INFO-1 or INFO-2 Softkey returns to the airport diagram when the view is on a different chart. If the displayed chart is the airport diagram, the INFO-1 or INFO-2 Softkey has no effect. The aircraft position is shown in magenta on the ChartView diagrams when the location of the aircraft is within the chart boundaries. In the example shown, the aircraft is taxiing on Taxiway Alpha on the Charlotte, NC (KCLT) airport.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES In the example shown in Figure 8-27, the Class B Chart is selected. Pressing the ENT Key displays the Charlotte Class B Airspace Chart (Figure 8-28). Figure 8-28 Airport Information Page, Class B Chart Selected from INFO View Selecting the DP Softkey displays the Departure Procedure Chart if available. Chart Not To Scale Aircraft Not Shown Icon Figure 8-29 Departure Information Page 574 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the STAR Softkey displays the Standard Terminal Arrival Chart if available. Chart Not To Scale Change Range and Scroll Through the Chart With the Joystick Aircraft Not Shown Icon Figure 8-30 Arrival Information Page Selecting the APR Softkey displays the approach chart for the airport if available. Figure 8-31 Approach Information Page 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the WX Softkey shows the airport weather frequency information, and includes weather data such as METAR and TAF from the SiriusXM Data Link Receiver, when available. Weather information is available only when an SiriusXM Data Link Receiver is installed and the SiriusXM WX Weather subscription is current. WX Info When Available WX Softkey Selected Figure 8-32 Weather Information Page NOTE: A subdued softkey label indicates the function is disabled.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Figure 8-33 NOTAM Available NOTAM Softkey Appears for Selected Airports Local NOTAM on This Airport NOTAM Softkey Selected Figure 8-34 Airport Information Page, Local NOTAMs Selecting the NOTAM Softkey again removes the NOTAMS information. Selecting the GO BACK Softkey reverts to the previous page (Navigation Map Page, Nearest Pages, or Flight Plan Page). 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHART OPTIONS Selecting the CHRT OPT Softkey displays the next level of softkeys, the chart options level (Figure 8-21). Selecting the ALL Softkey shows the entire approach chart on the screen. Complete Chart Shown Figure 8-35 Approach Information Page, ALL View 578 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the HEADER Softkey shows the header view (approach chart briefing strip) on the screen. Approach Chart Briefing Strip Figure 8-36 Approach Information Page, Header View Selecting the PLAN Softkey shows the approach chart two dimensional plan view. Approach Chart Plan View Figure 8-37 Approach Information Page, Plan View 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the PROFILE Softkey displays the approach chart descent profile strip. Approach Chart Descent Profile Strip Figure 8-38 Approach Information Page, Profile View, Full Screen Width Selecting the MINIMUMS Softkey displays the minimum descent altitude/visibility strip at the bottom of the approach chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES If the chart scale has been adjusted to view a small area of the chart, selecting the FIT WIDTH Softkey changes the chart size to fit the available screen width. Select FIT WDTH Softkey to Show Full Chart Width Figure 8-40 Airport Information Page, FIT WDTH Softkey Selected 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the FULL SCN Softkey alternates between removing and replacing the data window to the right. Selecting Additional Information: 1) While viewing the Airport Taxi Diagram, select the FULL SCN Softkey to display the information windows (AIRPORT, INFO). 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the AIRPORT, INFO, RUNWAYS, or FREQUENCIES Box (INFO Box shown). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the INFO Box choices.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The full screen view can also be selected by using the page menu option. Selecting full screen On or Off: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Chart Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to move between the FULL SCREEN and COLOR SCHEME Options. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to choose between the On and Off Full Screen Options.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES DAY/NIGHT VIEW ChartView can be displayed on a white or black background for day or night viewing. The Day View offers a better presentation in a bright environment. The Night View gives a better presentation for viewing in a dark environment. When the CHART SETUP Box is selected the G1000 softkeys are blank. Selecting Day, Night, or Automatic View: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Figure 8-44 Arrival Information Page, Day View Figure 8-45 Arrival Information Page, Night View 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHARTVIEW CYCLE NUMBER AND EXPIRATION DATE ChartView database is revised every 14 days. Charts are still viewable during a period that extends from the cycle expiration date to the disables date. ChartView is disabled 70 days after the expiration date and is no longer available for viewing. When turning on the system, the Power-up Page displays the current status of the ChartView database. See the table below for the various ChartView Power-up Page displays and the definition of each.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The ChartView time critical information can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. The database CYCLE number, EXPIRES, and DISABLES dates of the ChartView subscription appear in either blue or yellow text. When the ChartView EXPIRES date is reached, ChartView becomes inoperative 70 days later. This is shown as the DISABLES date. When the DISABLES date is reached, charts are no longer available for viewing.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Other possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown in Figure 8-48. The EXPIRES date, in yellow, is the revision date for the next database cycle. The DISABLES date, in yellow, is the date that this database cycle is no longer viewable. CYCLE NOT AVAILABLE in blue, indicates no ChartView data is available on the database card or no database card is inserted.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.4 FLITECHARTS® FliteCharts® resemble the paper version of AeroNav Services terminal procedures charts. The charts are displayed with high-resolution and in color for applicable charts. The geo-referenced aircraft position is indicated by an aircraft symbol displayed on the chart when the current position is within the boundaries of the chart. An aircraft symbol may be displayed within an off-scale area depicted on some charts.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: Do not maneuver the aircraft based solely upon the geo-referenced aircraft symbol. FLITECHARTS SOFTKEYS FliteCharts functions are displayed on three levels of softkeys. While on the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airports Page, or Flight Plan Page, selecting the SHW CHRT Softkey displays the available terminal chart and advances to the chart selection level of softkeys: CHRT OPT, CHRT, INFO-1/2, DP, STAR, APR, WX, and GO BACK.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES TERMINAL PROCEDURES CHARTS Selecting Terminal Procedures Charts: While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airport Page, or Flight Plan Page, select the SHW CHRT Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu to Show Chart. 3) Press the ENT Key to display the chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES When a chart is not available by selecting the SHW CHRT Softkey or selecting a Page Menu Option, charts may be obtained for other airports from the WPT Pages or Flight Plan Pages. If a chart is available for the destination airport, or the airport selected in the active flight plan, the chart appears on the screen. When no flight plan is active, or when not flying to a direct-to destination, selecting the SHW CHRT Softkey displays the chart for the nearest airport, if available.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES While the APPROACH Box is selected using the FMS Knob, the G1000 softkeys are blank. Once the desired chart is selected, the chart scale can be changed and the chart can be panned using the Joystick. Pressing the Joystick centers the chart on the screen. The aircraft symbol is not shown on FliteCharts. The Chart Scale Box displays a banner NOT TO SCALE, and the Aircraft Not Shown Icon is displayed in the lower right corner of the screen.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the INFO-1 or INFO-2 Softkey returns to the airport diagram when the view is on a different chart. If the displayed chart is the airport diagram, the INFO-1 or INFO-2 Softkey has no effect. Another source for additional airport information is from the INFO Box above the chart (Figure 8-55) or to the right of the chart (Figure 8-56) for certain airports. This information source is not related to the INFO-1 or INFO-2 Softkey.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES In the example shown in Figure 8-56, ALTERNATE MINIMUMS is selected. Pressing the ENT Key displays the IFR Alternate Minimums Chart (Figure 8-57). Figure 8-57 Airport Information Page, ALTERNATE MINIMUMS Selected from INFO View Selecting the DP Softkey displays the Departure Procedure Chart if available. Figure 8-58 Departure Information Page 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the STAR Softkey displays the Standard Terminal Arrival Chart if available. Figure 8-59 Arrival Information Page Selecting the APR Softkey displays the approach chart for the airport if available. Figure 8-60 Approach Information Page 596 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the WX Softkey shows the airport weather frequency information, when available, and includes weather data such as METAR and TAF from the SiriusXM Data Link Receiver. Weather information is available only when an SiriusXM Data Link Receiver is installed and the SiriusXM Weather subscription is current. Selecting Additional Information: 1) While viewing the Airport Taxi Diagram, select the WX Softkey to display the information windows (AIRPORT, INFO).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHART OPTIONS Selecting the CHRT OPT Softkey displays the next level of softkeys, the chart options level (Figure 8‑50). Selecting the ALL Softkey shows the entire chart on the screen. Complete Chart Shown Figure 8-62 Airport Information Page, ALL View Selected 598 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the FIT WIDTH Softkey fits the width of the chart in the display viewing area. In the example shown, the chart at close range is replaced with the full width chart. Select FIT WDTH Softkey to Show Full Chart Width Figure 8-63 Approach Information Page, FIT WDTH Softkey Selected 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the FULL SCN Softkey alternates between removing and replacing the data window to the right. Select FULL SCN Softkey to Switch Between Full Screen Chart and Chart With Info Window Figure 8-64 Airport Information Page, Full Screen and Info Window Selecting the BACK Softkey, or waiting for 45 seconds reverts to the chart selection softkeys. The full screen view can also be selected by using the page menu option.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Chart Setup Option Full Screen On/Off Selection Figure 8-65 Page Menus DAY/NIGHT VIEW FliteCharts can be displayed on a white or black background for day or night viewing. The Day View offers a better presentation in a bright environment. The Night View gives a better presentation for viewing in a dark environment. When the CHART SETUP Box is selected the G1000 softkeys are blank.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The display must be changed in order for the new setting to become active. This may be accomplished by selecting another page or changing the display range. 6) Press the FMS Knob when finished to remove the Chart Setup Menu. Figure 8-67 Approach Information Page, Day View Figure 8-68 Approach Information Page, Night View 602 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLITECHARTS CYCLE NUMBER AND EXPIRATION DATE FliteCharts data is revised every 28 days. Charts are still viewable during a period that extends from the cycle expiration date to the disables date. FliteCharts is disabled 180 days after the expiration date and are no longer available for viewing upon reaching the disables date. After the expiration date, the FliteCharts database is no longer current, however, data displayed on the actual charts may still be current.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES When the 180 day grace period has expired, ‘Chart data is disabled.’ in yellow indicates that the FliteCharts database has expired and is no longer viewable. ‘Chart Data: N/A’ appears in white if no FliteCharts data is available on the database card or no database card is inserted. FliteCharts time critical information can also be found on the AUX - System Status page.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The FliteCharts database is provided from Garmin. Refer to Updating Garmin Databases in Appendix B for instructions on revising the FliteCharts database. The other three possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown here. The EXPIRES date, in yellow, is the revision date for the next database cycle. The DISABLES date, in yellow, is the date that this database cycle is no longer viewable.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.5 AIRPORT DIRECTORY The Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) and optional AC-U-KWIK Airport Directory databases offer detailed information regarding services, hours of operation, lodging options, and more. This information is viewed on the Airport Information Page by selecting the INFO Softkey until INFO-2 is displayed as shown in Figure 8-72. Both Airport Directories are available for downloading at flygarmin.com.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES AIRPORT DIRECTORY DATABASE CYCLE NUMBER AND REVISION The Airport Directory databases are revised every 56 days and offered on a subscription basis. Check fly. garmin.com for the current database. The Airport Directory is always available for use after the expiration date. When turning on the system, the Power-up Page indicates whether the databases are current, out of date, or not available.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The Airport Directory Region, Version, Cycle, Effective date and Expires date of the database cycle can also be found on the AUX - System Status page, as seen in Figure 8-74. Select the MFD1 DB Softkey to place the cursor in the DATABASE window. Scroll through the listed information by turning the FMS Knob or pressing the ENT Key until the Airport Directory database information is shown.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.6 SIRIUSXM RADIO ENTERTAINMENT NOTE: Refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section for information about SiriusXM Weather products. The optional SiriusXM Radio entertainment feature of the GDL 69A Data Link Receiver is available for the pilot’s and passengers’ enjoyment. The GDL 69A can receive SiriusXM Satellite Radio entertainment services at any altitude throughout the Continental U.S. Entertainment audio is available only on the GDL 69A Data Link Receiver, not the GDL 69.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 6) Select the LOCK Softkey. 7) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight YES. 8) To complete activation, press the ENT Key.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Active Channels Channel List Volume Field Categories Field Figure 8-76 XM Radio Page ACTIVE CHANNEL AND CHANNEL LIST The Active Channel Box on the XM Radio Page displays the currently selected channel that the SiriusXM Radio is using. The Channels List Box of the XM Radio Page shows a list of the available channels for the selected category. Channels can be stepped through one at a time or may be selected directly by channel number.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CATEGORY The Category Box of the XM Radio Page displays the currently selected category of audio. Categories of channels such as jazz, rock, or news can be selected to list the available channels for a type of music or other contents. One of the optional categories is PRESETS to view channels that have been programmed. Selecting a category: 1) Select the CATGRY Softkey on the XM Radio Page. 2) Select the CAT + and CAT - Softkeys to cycle through the categories.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 4) Select any one of the (PS1 - PS15) softkeys to assign a number to the active channel. Select PRESETS to Access the Preset Channels Softkeys Select MORE to Cycle Through the Preset Channels Select SET to Save Each Preset Channel Figure 8-78 Accessing and Selecting XM Preset Channels Selecting the BACK Softkey, or waiting during 45 seconds of softkey inactivity, returns the system to the top level softkeys. VOLUME Radio volume is shown as a percentage.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.7 SCHEDULER The Scheduler feature can be used to enter and display reminder messages (e.g., Change oil, Switch fuel tanks, or Altimeter-Transponder Check) in the Alerts Window on the PFD. Messages can be set to display based on a specific date and time (event), once the message timer reaches zero (one-time; default setting), or recurrently whenever the message timer reaches zero (periodic).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 9) For event-based messages: a) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired date (DD-MM-YY) and press the ENT Key. b) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to the next field. c) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired time (HH:MM) and press the ENT Key. 10) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to enter the next message. Deleting a scheduler message: 1) Select the AUX - Utility Page.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.8 ELECTRONIC CHECKLISTS NOTE: The optional checklists presented in this section are for example only and may differ from checklists available for the TBM850/900. The information described in this section is not intended to replace the checklist information described in the AFM or the Pilot Safety and Warning Supplements document. NOTE: Garmin is not responsible for the content of checklists. TBM850/900 checklists are created, modified, and updated by the aircraft manufacturer.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES When turning on the G1000, the Power-up Page indicates whether the SD card contains a valid checklist file an invalid file, or whether no checklist is available, as shown in the figure. A valid checklist file is noted as Checklist File: TBM850 (or TBM 900) with the version number. When the Power-up Page displays Invalid or N/A the CHKLIST Softkey is subdued and not available.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Checklist field. 5) Turn the FMS Knob to select the desired checklist and press the ENT Key. 6) Turn the FMS Knob to scroll through the checklist and highlight the desired checklist item (has a hollow white box for checkmark). 7) Press the ENT Key or DONE Softkey to select the highlighted checklist item (item turns green and a checkmark is placed in the box next to the item). The next item is automatically highlighted for selection.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Immediately accessing emergency procedures: 1) From any page, select the CHKLIST Softkey. 2) Select the EMERGCY Softkey. Figure 8-86 Sample Emergency Checklist 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.9 FLIGHT DATA LOGGING NOTE: Some aircraft installations may not provide all aircraft/engine data capable of being logged by the system. The Flight Data Logging feature will automatically store critical flight and engine data on an SD data card (up to 16GB) inserted into the top card slot of the MFD. Approximately 1,000 flight hours can be recorded for each 1GB of available space on the card. Data is written to the SD card once each second while the MFD is powered on.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The file containing the recorded data will appear in the format shown in Figure 8-87. This file can be imported into most computer spreadsheet applications. Local Date YYMMDD Local 24hr Time HHMMSS Nearest Airport (A blank will be inserted if no airport is found) log_130210_104506_KIXD.csv Figure 8-87 Log File Format Data logging status can be monitored on the AUX-UTILITY Page. 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.10 SATELLITE TELEPHONE AND SMS MESSAGING NOTE: Separate accounts must be established to access the Iridium satellite network for voice and Garmin Connext for data transmission of maintenance reports. The GSR 56 Iridium Transceiver provides Iridium Satellite Telephone service and SMS text messaging. Iridium telephone and text messaging are available to the flight crew through the Multi-function Display, audio panel and headset.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The PHONE STATUS display, as shown in Figure 8-89, gives a graphical representation of the current disposition of the connection with the Iridium network. Table 8-5 describes symbology used on PHONE STATUS display. Satellite Signal Strength Internal Phone External Phone Figure 8-89 Phone Status Display ENABLE/DISABLE THE IRIDIUM TELEPHONE SYSTEM The Iridium Satellite Telephone System may be turned on or off by using the page menu.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Internal Phone External Phone Description Phone is Idle Phone is ringing Phone has a dial tone (off hook) or connected to another phone Phone dialed is busy Phone is dialing another phone Phone has failed Phone status not known Phone is disabled Phone is reserved for data transmission Calling other phone or incoming call from other phone Other phone is on hold Phones are connected Table 8-5 Telephone Symbols INCOMING CALLS NOTE: Outside callers should dial 00 + 8816 or 8817 + airc
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The pop-up alert may be inhibited at times, such as during takeoff. In addition to the pop-up alert, a ringing phone symbol is displayed to the right of the MFD page title as shown in Figure 8-91. Incoming Call Pop-up Incoming Call Symbol on MFD Page Figure 8-91 Incoming Call Answering an incoming call: 1) Press the TEL Key on the audio panel. 2) Select the ANSWER Softkey on the MFD.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES To make a call: 1) Press the TEL Key on the audio panel. 2) Select the DIAL Softkey on the MFD. A display similar to Figure 8-92 will be shown. Or: While viewing the AUX-TELEPHONE Page: a) Press the TEL Key on the audio panel. b) Press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu. c) Turn either FMS Knob to place the cursor on ‘Dial a Phone Call’. d) Press the ENT Key.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 4) Press the ENT Key. ‘OK’ is highlighted as in Figure 8-93. Figure 8-93 Make the Call 5) Press the ENT Key. The system will begin calling the number, as in Figure 8-94. Figure 8-94 System is Making the Connection 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES When the phone is answered, the connection is established as shown in Figure 8-95. To exit the call, select the HANGUP Softkey. Figure 8-95 Phone is Answered, Connection Complete TEXT MESSAGING (SMS) The pilot or copilot can send and receive text messages on the Iridium satellite network. Messages may be sent to an email address or text message capable cellular telephone. Message length is limited to 160 characters, including the email address.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Figure 8-96 Text Messaging Page Message Symbol Description Received text message that has not been opened Received text message that has been opened Saved text message, draft not sent System is sending text message Text message has been sent System failed to send text message Predefined text message Table 8-6 Text Message Symbols 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES VIEWING A TEXT MESSAGE WHEN RECEIVED When viewing MFD pages other than the AUX-TEXT MESSAGING Page, a pop-up alert similar to Figure 8-97 will be displayed when a new text message is received. New Text Message Pop-up New Text Message Symbol on MFD Page Figure 8-97 New Text Message Received Select the VIEW Softkey to view the message (Figure 8-98). Selecting the IGNORE Softkey will extinguish the pop-up window and leave the text message unopened.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Enabling/disabling incoming text message pop-up alerts: 1) With the AUX-TEXT MESSAGING Page displayed, press the MENU Key on the MFD to display the Page Menu. 2) Turn either FMS Knob to place the cursor on ‘Disable New Message Popups’ or ‘Enable New Message Popups’. 3) Press the ENT Key. The pop-up alert will not be displayed when an incoming text message is received.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SENDING A TEXT MESSAGE Text messages may be sent from the AUX-TEXT MESSAGING Page. Sending a new text message: 1) While viewing the AUX-TEXT MESSAGING Page, select the NEW Softkey. Or: a) Press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu. b) Turn either FMS Knob to place the cursor on ‘Draft New Message’. c) Press the ENT Key. 2) The TEXT MESSAGE DRAFT Window is now displayed with the cursor in the ‘TO’ field.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 4) Enter the desired message using any combination of entry methods as described in step 2. 5) Press the ENT Key. 6) Select the SEND Softkey to send the message immediately, or select the SAVE Softkey to save the message in Outbox for sending at a later time. Select the CANCEL Softkey to delete the message. PREDEFINED TEXT MESSAGES Time and effort can be saved in typing text messages that are used repeatedly by saving these messages as a predefined message.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES a) Press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu. b) Turn either FMS Knob to place the cursor on ‘Draft New Predefined Message’. c) Press the ENT Key. The PREDEFINED SMS TEXT MESSAGE Window is now displayed as shown in Figure 8-102. Figure 8-102 Composing a Predefined Message 5) The cursor is displayed in the ‘TITLE’ field. Enter the desired message title.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Sending a predefined text message: 1) While viewing the AUX-TEXT MESSAGING Page, select the NEW Softkey. 2) The TEXT MESSAGE DRAFT Window is now displayed with the cursor in the ‘TO’ field. Enter the desired telephone number or email address. Entry can be accomplished through the alphanumeric keys on the MFD Controller, or combination of the FMS Knob on the controller and softkeys on the MFD.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 5) Turn either FMS Knob to select the desired predefined message. 6) Press the ENT Key. The predefined message text is inserted into the message field. If desired, the message can be edited by using the FMS Knobs. 7) Press the ENT Key. 8) Select the SEND Softkey to transmit the message. TEXT MESSAGE BOXES Received text messages reside in the Inbox as ‘Read’ or ‘Unread’ messages. The Outbox contains ‘Sent” and ‘Unsent’ text messages.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Show Outbox messages: While viewing the AUX-TEXT MESSAGING Page, select the ARRANGE Softkey, then select the OUTBOX Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu. 2) Turn either FMS Knob to place the cursor on ‘Show Outbox Messages’. 3) Press the ENT Key. The message box selected for viewing is indicated at the bottom left of the list window. Show Draft messages: While viewing the AUX-TEXT MESSAGING Page, select the ARRANGE Softkey, then select the DRAFTS Softkey.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 1) Press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu. 2) Turn either FMS Knob to place the cursor on ‘Sort By Address’. 3) Press the ENT Key. The sorting selection is indicated at the bottom center of the list window. Viewing the content of a text message: 1) While viewing the AUX-TEXT MESSAGING Page, select the desired message box. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn either FMS Knob to select the desired message. 4) Select the VIEW Softkey. Or: Press the ENT Key.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES a) Press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu. b) Turn either FMS Knob to place the cursor on ‘Close Message’. c) Press the ENT Key. Marking selected message as read: 1) While viewing the Inbox on the AUX-TEXT MESSAGING Page, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Turn either FMS Knob to select the desired message. 3) Select the MRK READ Softkey. Or: a) Press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.11 MAINTENANCE LOGS The system provides recording of CAS, CMC, exceedances, and other critical aircraft data that occur while the aircraft is on the ground or in flight. This information may be used by aircraft maintenance personnel in determining specific maintenance requirements. The Maintenance Logs feature is accessible by entering a password. No pilot action is required. Viewing the Maintenance Logs Page: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob on the MFD to select the AUX page group.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.12 AUXILIARY VIDEO (OPTIONAL) The G1000 system provides a control and display interface to an optional auxiliary video system. The system can display video for up to two inputs. There are four modes of operation of the auxiliary video display: Full-Screen, Full-Screen with Digital Zoom, Split-Screen with Map, and Split-Screen with Map and Digital Zoom. Displaying auxiliary video: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the AUX page group.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES VIDEO SETUP Video brightness, contrast, and saturation may be adjusted be selecting the setup function. While viewing the setup function softkeys, after 45 seconds of softkey inactivity, the system reverts to the AUX - VIDEO Page softkeys. Adjusting the video settings: 1) With the AUX-VIDEO Page displayed, press the SETUP Softkey. 2) Press the BRIGHT - or BRIGHT +, to adjust display brightness in five percent increments from 0 to 100%.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES DISPLAY SELECTION Pressing the HIDE MAP Softkey removes the map and displays video on the full screen. The softkey label changes to grey with black characters. Pressing the HIDE MAP Softkey again restores the map view and the small video image. The softkey label returns to white characters on a black background. Video Display Map View Figure 8-110 AUX - Video Split-Screen Figure 8-111 Full Screen Video Display 190-00709-05 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES INPUT SELECTION While on the AUX - VIDEO Page, press the INPUT Softkey to select the video source. ZOOM/RANGE Pressing the VID ZM + or VID ZM - Softkeys increases or decreases video display magnification between 1x and 10x. The Joystick can be used to increase or decrease the range setting on the map display or zoom in and out on the video display. While in the Split-Screen mode, pressing the MAP ACTV or VID ACTV Softkey determines which display the Joystick adjusts.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.13 ABNORMAL OPERATION SVT TROUBLESHOOTING SVT is intended to be used with traditional attitude, heading, obstacle, terrain, and traffic inputs. SVT is disabled when valid attitude or heading data is not available for the display. In case of invalid SVT data, the PFD display reverts to the standard blue-over-brown attitude display.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES UNUSUAL ATTITUDES Unusual attitudes are displayed with red chevrons overlaid on the display indicating the direction to fly to correct the unusual attitude condition. The display shows either a brown or blue colored bar at the top or bottom of the screen to represent earth or sky. This is intended to prevent losing sight of the horizon during extreme pitch attitudes.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES GDL 69/69A DATA LINK RECEIVER TROUBLESHOOTING Some quick troubleshooting steps listed below can be performed to find the possible cause of a failure.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES If a failure still exists, the following messages may provide insight as to the possible problem: Message Message Location CHECK ANTENNA XM Information Page (MFD) UPDATING XM Information Page (MFD)) XM Information Page Weather Datalink Page Loss of signal; signal strength too low for (MFD) receiver NO SIGNAL LOADING XM Radio Page (MFD) Acquiring channel audio or information OFF AIR XM Radio Page (MFD) Channel not in service -------- XM Radio Page (MFD) WEATHER DATA LINK FA
APPENDIX A ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTS CAS MESSAGES NOTE: Refer to the Pilot’s Operating Handbook (POH) for corrective pilot actions. NOTE: Red warning messages cannot be scrolled through and remain at the top of the CAS display. The scroll bar changes to yellow if more than ten caution messages exist to be scrolled through. CAS messages are grouped by criticality (warning and caution) and sorted by order of appearance (most recent messages on top).
APPENDIX A WARNING MESSAGES Message Description BAT OVERHEAT BLEED TEMP CABIN ALTITUDE CABIN DIFF PRESS DOOR ELEC FEATH FAULT* FIRE FLAPS ASYM FUEL OFF FUEL PRESS GEAR UNSAFE* Battery temperature over 70°C Bleed temperature high Cabin altitude over 10,000 ft Cabin pressure differential over 6.
APPENDIX A CAUTION MESSAGES Message Description AP ON YD OFF AUTO SEL AUX BOOST PMP ON BAT AMP BAT OFF BLEED OFF CHIP The autopilot is ON while the Yaw Damper is OFF Fuel timer off or out of service Electric fuel pump running (manual or automatic mode) Battery current over 50 A while on ground Battery off Flow control and shut-off valve/shut-off valve closed Oil chip detector on (if installed) Back-up pressurization mode - Cabin altitude target forced to CPCS BACKUP MODE** 9800 ft CPDLC DISABLED CPDLC da
APPENDIX A COMPARATOR ANNUNCIATIONS The Comparator monitors critical values generated by redundant sensors. If differences in the sensors exceed a specified amount, this discrepancy is annunciated in the Comparator Window as a ‘MISCOMP’ (miscompare) as seen in Figure A-1. If one or both of the sensed values are unavailable, it is annunciated as a ‘NO COMP’ (no compare).
APPENDIX A REVERSIONARY SENSOR ANNUNCIATIONS Reversionary sensor selection is annunciated in the Reversionary Sensor Window, as shown in Figure A-2. These annunciations reflect reversionary sensors selected on one or both PFDs. Selecting the SENSOR Softkey gives access to ADC1, ADC2, AHRS1, and AHRS2 Softkeys. These softkeys allow manual switching of sensors. In the case of certain types of sensor failures, the G1000 may make some sensor selections automatically. The GPS sensor cannot be switched manually.
APPENDIX A SYSTEM ANNUNCIATIONS When a new message is issued, the MSG Softkey flashes to alert the flight crew of a new message. It continues to flash until acknowledged by selecting the softkey. Active messages are displayed in white text. Messages that have become inactive change to gray text. The MSG Softkey flashes if the state of a displayed message changes or a new message is displayed. The inactive messages can be removed from the Message Window by selecting the flashing MSG Softkey.
APPENDIX A GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Units GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Units GDC 74B Air Data Computer GRS 77 AHRS Or GMU 44 Magnetometer GEA 71 Engine Airframe Unit Or GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Unit GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Units GDC 74B Air Data Computer Figure A-4 System Failure Annunciations 190-00709-05 Rev.
APPENDIX A System Annunciation Comment Attitude and Heading Reference System is aligning. Display system is not receiving attitude information from the AHRS. Indicates a configuration module failure. Display system is not receiving airspeed input from air data computer. Display system is not receiving valid heading input from AHRS. Display system is not receiving altitude input from the air data computer. Display system is not receiving vertical speed input from the air data computer.
APPENDIX A System Annunciation Comment GPS information is either not present or is invalid for navigation use. Note that AHRS utilizes GPS inputs during normal operation. AHRS operation may be degraded if GPS signals are not present (see POH). Other Various Red X Indications A red ‘X’ through any other display field (such as engine instrumentation display) indicates that the field is not receiving valid data. MESSAGE ADVISORIES This section describes various Message Advisories.
APPENDIX A MFD & PFD MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message PFD1 CONFIG – PFD1 config error. Config service req’d. PFD2 CONFIG – PFD2 config error. Config service req’d. MFD1 CONFIG – MFD1 config error. Config service req’d. SW MISMATCH – GDU software version mismatch. Xtalk is off. PFD1 COOLING – PFD1 has poor cooling. Reducing power usage. PFD2 COOLING – PFD2 has poor cooling. Reducing power usage. MFD1 COOLING – MFD1 has poor cooling. Reducing power usage. PFD1 KEYSTK – PFD1 [key name] Key is stuck.
APPENDIX A DATABASE MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 basemap database error exists. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 basemap database error exists. PFD2 DB ERR – PFD2 basemap database error exists. MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 terrain database error exists. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 terrain database error exists. PFD2 DB ERR – PFD2 terrain database error exists. MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 terrain database missing. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 terrain database missing. PFD2 DB ERR – PFD2 terrain database missing.
APPENDIX A DATABASE MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 Safe Taxi database error exists. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 Safe Taxi database error exists. PFD2 DB ERR – PFD2 Safe Taxi database error exists. MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 Chartview database error exists. Comments The MFD and/or PFD detected a failure in the Safe Taxi database. Ensure that the data card is properly inserted. Replace data card. If problem persists, The G1000 system should be serviced.
APPENDIX A GMA 1347D MESSAGE ADVISORIES Message GMA1 FAIL – GMA1 is inoperative. GMA2 FAIL – GMA2 is inoperative. GMA XTALK – GMA crosstalk error has occurred. GMA1 CONFIG – GMA1 config error. Config service req’d. GMA2 CONFIG – GMA2 config error. Config service req’d. MANIFEST – GMA1 software mismatch, communication halted. MANIFEST – GMA2 software mismatch, communication halted. GMA1 SERVICE – GMA1 needs service. Return unit for repair. GMA2 SERVICE – GMA2 needs service. Return unit for repair.
APPENDIX A GIA 63W MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message GIA1 SERVICE – GIA1 needs service. Return the unit for repair. GIA2 SERVICE – GIA2 needs service. Return the unit for repair. HW MISMATCH – GIA hardware mismatch. GIA1 communication halted. HW MISMATCH – GIA hardware mismatch. GIA2 communication halted. MANIFEST – GIA1 software mismatch, communication halted. MANIFEST – GIA2 software mismatch, communication halted. MANIFEST – GFC software mismatch, communication halted.
APPENDIX A GIA 63W MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message LOI – GPS integrity lost. Crosscheck with other NAVS. GPS NAV LOST – Loss of GPS navigation. Insufficient satellites. GPS NAV LOST – Loss of GPS navigation. Position error. GPS NAV LOST – Loss of GPS navigation. GPS fail. ABORT APR – Loss of GPS navigation. Abort approach. APR DWNGRADE – Approach downgraded. TRUE APR – True north approach. Change HDG reference to TRUE. GPS1 SERVICE – GPS1 needs service. Return unit for repair.
APPENDIX A GEA 71 MESSAGE ADVISORIES Message GEA1 CONFIG – GEA1 config error. Config service req’d. GEA2 CONFIG – GEA2 config error. Config service req’d. MANIFEST – GEA1 software mismatch, communication halted. MANIFEST – GEA2 software mismatch, communication halted. Comments The GEA1 configuration settings do not match those of backup configuration memory. The G1000 system should be serviced. The GEA2 configuration settings do not match those of backup configuration memory.
APPENDIX A GRS 77 MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message AHRS2 GPS – AHRS2 not receiving any GPS information. AHRS1 GPS – AHRS1 not receiving backup GPS information. AHRS2 GPS – AHRS2 not receiving backup GPS information. AHRS1 GPS – AHRS1 operating exclusively in no-GPS mode. AHRS2 GPS – AHRS2 operating exclusively in no-GPS mode. AHRS MAG DB – AHRS magnetic model database version mismatch. AHRS1 SRVC – AHRS1 Magnetic-field model needs update. AHRS2 SRVC – AHRS2 Magnetic-field model needs update.
APPENDIX A GSR 56 MESSAGE ADVISORIES Message GSR1 FAIL – GSR1 has failed. Comments A failure has been detected in the #1 GSR 56. The system should be serviced. GDL 69A MESSAGE ADVISORIES Message GDL69 CONFIG – GDL 69 config error. Config service req’d. GDL69 FAIL – GDL 69 has failed. Comments GDL 69 configuration settings do not match those of backup configuration memory. The G1000 system should be serviced. A failure has been detected in the GDL 69. The receiver is unavailable.
APPENDIX A GWX 68 MESSAGE ADVISORIES Message GWX CONFIG – GWX config error. Config service req’d. GWX FAIL – GWX is inoperative. GWX SERVICE – GWX needs service. Return unit for repair. WX ALERT – Possible severe weather ahead. MANIFEST – GWX software mismatch, communication halted. Comments GWX 68 configuration settings do not match those of the GDU configuration. The G1000 system should be serviced. The GDU is not receiving status packet from the GWX 68 or the GWX 68 is reporting a fault.
APPENDIX A GTS 820 MESSAGE ADVISORIES Message GTS CONFIG – GTS config error. Config service req’d. MANIFEST – GTS software mismatch, communication halted. Comments The GTS and GDU have incompatible configurations. This alert is also set when the GTS has an invalid mode S address configured or the mode S address does not match both XPDR mode S addresses. The GTS has incorrect software installed. The G1000 system should be serviced. GCU 475 MESSAGE ADVISORIES Message GCU CNFG – GCU Config error.
APPENDIX A MISCELLANEOUS MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message DB CHANGE – Database changed. Verify user modified procedures. DB CHANGE – Database changed. Verify stored airways. FPL TRUNC – Flight plan has been truncated. LOCKED FPL – Cannot navigate locked flight plan. WPT ARRIVAL – Arriving at waypoint -[xxxx] STEEP TURN – Steep turn ahead. INSIDE ARSPC – Inside airspace. ARSPC AHEAD – Airspace ahead less than 10 minutes. ARSPC NEAR – Airspace near and ahead. ARSPC NEAR – Airspace near – less than 2 nm.
APPENDIX A MISCELLANEOUS MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message VNV – Unavailable. Excessive track angle error. VNV – Unavailable. Excessive crosstrack error. VNV – Unavailable. Parallel course selected. TRAFFIC FAIL – Traffic device has failed. NON WGS84 WPT – Do not use GPS for navigation to [xxxx] STRMSCP FAIL – Stormscope has failed. FAILED PATH – A data path has failed. MAG VAR WARN – Large magnetic variance. Verify all course angles. SVT – SVT DISABLED: Out of available terrain region.
APPENDIX A MISCELLANEOUS MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message CRUISE II – Cruise II conditions met. EXCEEDANCE – Engine exceedance data is being logged. REGISTER CONNEXT – Data services are inoperative, register w/ Connext. Comments Cruise II engine trend data log has been captured. An engine exceedance log has been captured. The system is not registered with Garmin Connext, or its current registration data has failed authentication.
APPENDIX A Alert Condition Annunciation System Failure Description AP and MEPT are unavailable; FD may still be available Performing preflight system test; aural alert sounds at completion Do not press the AP DISC Switch during servo power-up and preflight system tests as this may cause the preflight system test to fail or never to start (if servos fail their power-up tests). Power must be cycled to the servos to remedy the situation.
APPENDIX A TERRAIN-SVT SYSTEM STATUS ANNUNCIATIONS PFD/MFD Alert Annunciation TERRAIN-SVT Page Annunciation Aural Message TERRAIN TEST None None “Terrain System Test OK” None None TERRAIN DATABASE FAILURE None Terrain System Test Fail TERRAIN FAIL “Terrain System Failure” Terrain or Obstacle database unavailable or invalid, invalid software configuration, system audio fault TERRAIN FAIL “Terrain System Failure” Alert Type System Test in Progress System Test Pass Terrain Alerting is disabled
APPENDIX A TAWS-B ALERTS Annunciations appear on the PFD and MFD. Pop-up alerts appear only on the MFD.
APPENDIX A TAWS-B SYSTEM STATUS ANNUNCIATIONS PFD/MFD Alert Annunciation Alert Type TAWS-B Page Annunciation Aural Message TAWS TEST None None “TAWS System Test OK” None None TERRAIN DATABASE FAILURE None TAWS-B System Test Fail TAWS FAIL “TAWS System Failure” Terrain or Obstacle database unavailable or invalid, invalid software configuration, system audio fault TAWS FAIL “TAWS System Failure” NO GPS POSITION “TAWS Not Available” None “TAWS Not Available” None “TAWS Available” System
APPENDIX A FLIGHT PLAN IMPORT/EXPORT MESSAGES In some circumstances, some messages may appear in conjunction with others. Flight Plan Import/Export Results Description ‘Flight plan successfully imported.’ A flight plan file stored on the SD card was successfully imported as a stored flight plan. ‘File contained user waypoints only. User The file stored on the SD card did not contain a flight plan, only user waypoints. These waypoints imported successfully.
APPENDIX B DATABASE MANAGEMENT CAUTION: Never disconnect power to the system when loading a database. Power interuption during the database loading process could result in maintenance being required to reboot the system. The system uses Secure Digital (SD) cards to load and store various types of data. For basic flight operations, SD cards are required for database storage as well as navigation database and ChartView database updates. Not all SD cards are compatible with the G1000.
APPENDIX B Figure B-1 Standby Navigation Database Prompt 3) Press the NO Softkey to proceed to loading the active database. 4) A prompt similar to the following is displayed, press the YES Softkey to update the active navigation database. Figure B-2 Database Update Confirmation 5) After the update completes, the display starts in normal mode. Do not remove power while the display is starting. 6) Turn the system OFF and remove the SD card from the top card slot.
APPENDIX B If a navigation database loader card is inserted into the top SD card slot of a display, and an SD card is in the bottom slot, the system will prompt the user (upon on-ground power up) as to whether the database should be stored on the bottom SD card as the standby database. If the user responds affirmatively, the system will copy the navigation database from the top SD card to the bottom SD card.
APPENDIX B 6) As instructed on the display, press any key to continue. The display will now appear as shown in Figure B-5. Figure B-5 Navigation Database Verification Prompt 7) Press any key to continue. The display will now appear as shown in Figure B-6. Figure B-6 Active Navigation Database Prompt 8) Press the NO Softkey. The display now starts in normal mode. Since the database effective date is not yet valid, it should not be loaded as the active database. The display now starts in normal mode.
APPENDIX B GARMIN DATABASES The following databases are stored on Supplemental Data Cards provided by Garmin: • Expanded basemap • Airport terrain • SafeTaxi • Terrain • Obstacle • FliteCharts • Airport Directory (AOPA) After subscribing to the desired database product, these database products will be downloaded and ultimately stored on three Supplemental Data Cards (with the exception of FliteCharts, which is loaded on only one card).
APPENDIX B The SafeTaxi database contains detailed airport diagrams for selected airports. These diagrams aid in following ground control instructions by accurately displaying the aircraft position on the map in relation to taxiways, ramps, runways, terminals, and services. This database is updated on a 56-day cycle. The FliteCharts database contains procedure charts for the United States only. This database is updated on a 28-day cycle.
APPENDIX B The Display Database Softkey (Figure B-11) is used to place the cursor in the Database Window. Upon first press of the Display Database Softkey, the softkey will change to a selected state (black text on gray background) and the cursor will appear in the Database Window. At this point the user can scroll through all databases in the Database Window to view status information. If the Display Database Softkey is pressed repeatedly, the softkey will cycle through PFD1, PFD2, and MFD.
APPENDIX B In some cases it may be necessary to obtain an unlock code from Garmin in order to make the database product functional. It may also be necessary to have the system configured by a Garmin authorized service facility in order to use some database features. After the data has been copied to the appropriate data card, perform the following steps: 1) With system power OFF, remove the MFD database card from the bottom card slot of the MFD. 2) Update the Garmin databases on the MFD card.
APPENDIX B MAGNETIC FIELD VARIATION DATABASE UPDATE A copy of the current magnetic field variation database (MV DB) is included with the navigation database. At startup, the system compares this version of the MV DB with that presently being used by each AHRS (GRS1 and GRS2). If the system determines the MV DB needs to be updated, a prompt is displayed on the Navigation Map Page, as shown in Figure B-12. Note, in the following example, GRS1 is the first AHRS to indicate an update is available.
APPENDIX B 3) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key on the MFD. A progress monitor is displayed as shown in Figure B-15. When the upload is complete, the system is ready for use. Figure B-15 Uploading Database to GRS2 686 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
APPENDIX C GLOSSARY ACC accuracy ACT, ACTV active, activate ADC air data computer ADF Automatic Direction Finder ADI Attitude Direction Indicator ADS-B Automatic Dependent SurveillanceBroadcast AF Arc to fix AFCS Automatic Flight Control System AFM Airplane Flight Manual AFMS Airplane Flight Manual Supplement AFRM airframe AGL Above Ground Level AHRS Attitude and Heading Reference System AIM Aeronautical Information Manual AIRMET Airman’s Meteorological Information ALRT alert ALT altitude ALT,
APPENDIX C CYL cylinder D ALT density altitude DB, DBASE database dBZ decibels ‘Z’ (radar return) DCLTR, DECLTR declutter DEC FUEL decrease fuel deg degree DEIC, DEICE de-icing DEP departure Desired Track The desired course between the active “from” and “to” waypoints.
APPENDIX C Fuel Flow Fuel On Board The fuel flow rate, expressed in units of fuel per hour. The total amount of usable fuel on board the aircraft.
APPENDIX C Left Over Fuel On Board The amount of fuel remaining on board after the completion of one or more legs of a flight plan or direct-to. Left Over Fuel Reserve The amount of flight time remaining, based on the amount of fuel on board after the completion of one or more legs of a flight plan or direct-to, and a known consumption rate. Leg The portion of a flight plan between two waypoints.
APPENDIX C R right, right runway RAD radial RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring RAM random access memory REF reference REM remaining (fuel remaining above Reserve) REQ required RES reserve (fuel reserve entered by pilot) REV reverse, revision, revise RF Constant Radius Turn to Fix RMI Radio Magnetic Indicator RMT remote RNG range RNWY runway ROL roll ROM read only memory rpm revolutions per minute RST FUEL reset fuel RSV reserve (fuel reserve entered by pilot) RT right RVRSNRY reversio
APPENDIX C VA Heading Vector to Altitude VAPP VOR approach VAR variation VD Heading Vector to DME Distance Vdc volts, direct current VERT vertical Vertical Figure of Merit A measure of the uncertainty in the aircraft’s vertical position. Vertical Speed Required The vertical speed necessary to descend/ climb from a current position and altitude to a defined target position and altitude, based upon current groundspeed.
APPENDIX D FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS If a particular aspect of G1000 operational capability is not addressed by these commonly asked questions or in the index, contact Garmin (see the copyright page or back cover for contact information) or a Garmin-authorized dealer. Garmin is dedicated to supporting its products and customers. What is SBAS? The Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) uses a system of ground stations to correct any GPS signal errors.
APPENDIX D For RAIM to work correctly, the GPS receiver must track at least five satellites. A minimum of six satellites is required to allow RAIM to eliminate a single corrupt satellite from the navigation solution. RAIM ensures that satellite geometry allows for a navigation solution calculation within a specified protection limit (2.0 nm for oceanic and en route, 1.0 nm for terminal, and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches).
APPENDIX D Normal (OBS not activated) • Automatic sequencing of waypoints OBS • Manual sequencing - ‘holds’ on selected waypoint • Manual course change on HSI not possible • Manually select course to waypoint from HSI • Always navigates ‘TO’ the active waypoint • Indicates ‘TO’ or ‘FROM’ waypoint • Must be in this mode for final approach course • Cannot be set for final approach course or published holding patterns When OBS mode is active, the G1000 allows the pilot to set a desired course to/from a
APPENDIX D When does the CDI scale change? Once a departure is activated, the G1000 Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) full scale deflection is set to 0.3 nm. The CDI scale changes to 1.0 nm (terminal mode) then ramps up to 2.0 nm (enroute mode) at 30 nm from the departure airport. When 31 nm from the destination, the CDI scale smoothly transition from 2.0 nm back to 1.0 nm (terminal mode). At 2.
APPENDIX E MAP SYMBOLS NOTE: Refer to the Flight Management Section for the topography legend and the Hazard Avoidance Section for XM WX Satellite Weather Product legends.
APPENDIX E MISCELLANEOUS STORMSCOPE LIGHTNING STRIKES Item Symbol ARTCC Frequency or FSS Frequency Item Symbol Lightning Strike (0-6 sec ago) Lightning Strike (6-20 sec ago) Default Map Pointer Lightning Strike (20-60 sec ago) Elevation Pointer Lightning Strike (60-120 sec ago) TRAFFIC Wind Vector Item Measuring Pointer Symbol Non-threat Traffic (hollow diamond) Overzoom Indicator Proximity Advisory (TAS only) Terrain Proximity or TAWS Enabled Traffic Advisory, Out of Range Traffic Enab
APPENDIX E TERRAIN AVOIDANCE COLORS AND SYMBOLS Aircraft Altitude 100 ft Threshold 1000 ft Terrain Color Terrain Location Red (WARNING) Terrain above, or within 100 ft below the aircraft altitude Yellow (CAUTION) Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude Black Terrain more than 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude Terrain Proximity Color Chart Potential Impact Point Terrain Above Aircraft Altitude Projected Flight Path 100 ft Threshold 1000 ft Unlighted Obstacle Terrain Color Terr
APPENDIX E HAZARD AVOIDANCE FEATURES Feature Symbol Terrain Proximity/TAWS display enabled Traffic display enabled NEXRAD display enabled Cloud Top display enabled Echo Top display enabled XM Lightning display enabled Cell Movement display enabled SIGMETs/AIRMETs display enabled METARs display enabled City Forecast display enabled Surface Analysis display enabled Freezing Levels display enabled Winds Aloft display enabled County Warnings display enabled Cyclone Warnings display enabled Icing Potential (CI
INDEX A Access code------------------------------------------- 371, 372 Activate a Flight Plan---------------------------------------250 Active database-------------------------------------- 678, 679 Active frequency------------------------------------- 118, 139 ADF---------------------------------------------------------148 AC-U-KWIK--------------------------------------------------606 ADF ADF mode------------------------------------ 128, 148, 150 ANT mode------------------------------------------ 128, 150
INDEX C Cabin pressure altitude---------------------------------93, 96 Warning-------------------------------------------- 110, 650 Cabin speaker-----------------------------------------------159 Calibrated Airspeed-----------------------------------------287 Cargo---------------------------------------------------------292 CDI---------------------------- 279, 298, 309, 318, 325, 669 Chart Not Available---------------------------------- 570, 591 Chart options----------------------------------------- 578, 59
INDEX F Failure Input-------------------------------------------------------- 20 Field of View (SVS)------------------------------------------198 Flap position----------------------------------------------93, 99 Asymmetrical deflection warning--------------- 110, 650 Flight director-----------------------------------499, 503–504 Modes, lateral------------------------------------- 522–546 Modes, vertical------------------------------------ 507–521 Switching--------------------------------------------------50
INDEX K Key(s)------------------------------------------------------- 9, 11 L Landing Field Elevation------------------------------------- 97 Land Symbols------------------------------------------------186 Lateral modes, flight director----------------------- 522–546 LNAV----------------------------------------------------------298 Logging Data------------------------------------------------620 LO SENS------------------------------------------------------147 Low altitude annunciation-----------------------
INDEX Primary Flight Display (PFD) Softkeys------------------------------------------------ 22–24 Procedures GFC 700-------------------------------------------- 532–543 Propeller speed-------------------------------------------93, 95 Q Quick tuning 121.
INDEX TAS (Traffic Advisory System) Alerts-------------------------------------------------------496 Operation--------------------------------------------------491 TAWS--------------83, 439, 441, 443, 453, 454, 462, 674 Excessive Descent Rate----------------------------------457 Five-Hundred Aural Alert--------------------------------459 Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance-------------------457 Inhibiting--------------------------------------------------459 Negative Climb Rate After Takeoff-------------------
INDEX W WAAS--------------------------------------298, 532, 692, 693 WAAS precision approach---------------------------------540 WATCH------------------------------------------------ 421, 422 Waypoint Automatic sequencing----------------------------------695 Skipping---------------------------------------------------695 Waypoint Pages (WPT)-------------------------------------- 37 Waypoint Selection Submenu--- 226, 234, 238, 239, 295 Weather Attenuated Color Highlight--------------------421 Weather (real-ti
INDEX Blank Page I-8 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Socata TBM 850/900 190-00709-05 Rev.
Garmin International, Inc. 1200 East 151st Street Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A. p:913.397.8200 f:913.397.8282 www.garmin.com Garmin AT, Inc. 2345 Turner Road SE Salem, OR 97302, U.S.A. p:503.391.3411 f:503.364.2138 Garmin (Europe) Ltd. Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road Houndsdown Business Park Southampton, SO40 9RB, U.K. p:44/0870.8501241 f:44/0870.8501251 Garmin Corporation No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan p:886/02.2642.9199 f:886/02.2642.
