Cessna 350/400
Copyright © 2007 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. This manual reflects the operation of System Software version 0545.00 or later for the Cessna 350 and 0530.04 or later for the Cessna 400. Some differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software versions. Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A. Tel: 913/397.8200 Fax: 913/397.8282 Garmin AT, Inc.
LIMITED WARRANTY LIMITED WARRANTY This Garmin product is warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for three years from the date of purchase. Within this period, Garmin will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts and labor, provided that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES WARNING: To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of the G1000 Pilot’s Guide documentation. Thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use. During flight operations, carefully compare indications from the G1000 to all available navigation sources, including the information from other NAVAIDs, visual sightings, charts, etc. For safety purposes, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES WARNING: Do not use basemap (land and water data) information for primary navigation. Basemap data is intended only to supplement other approved navigation data sources and should be considered as an aid to enhance situational awareness. WARNING: Traffic information shown on the G1000 Multi Function Display is provided as an aid in visually acquiring traffic. The aircraft should be maneuvered based only upon ATC guidance or positive visual acquisition of conflicting traffic.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES CAUTION: The Garmin G1000 does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by an authorized Garmin service center. Unauthorized repairs or modifications could void both the warranty and the pilot’s authority to operate this device under FAA/FCC regulations. CAUTION: The GDU 1040 PFD and GDU 1040/1044 MFD displays use a lens coated with a special anti- reflective coating that is very sensitive to skin oils, waxes, and abrasive cleaners.
REVISION INFORMATION Record of Revisions Part Number 190-00552-00 190-00552-01 190-00552-01 Rev. D Revision A A B C D Date 03/29/06 07/11/07 07/26/07 08/03/07 12/13/07 Page Range i – I-4 i – I-6 i – I-6 i – I-6 i-I-6 Description Initial release Added GDU 8.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW Line Replaceable Units ........................................1-2 Secure Digital (SD) Cards ....................................1-7 System Power-up ..................................................1-8 System Operation.................................................1-9 Normal Display Operation ..........................................1-9 Reversionary Display Operation ..................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.5 Additional Audio Panel Functions ....................4-34 Power-Up ................................................................4-34 Mono/Stereo Headsets .............................................4-34 Speaker ..................................................................4-34 Intercom .................................................................4-35 Passenger Address (PA) System .................................4-37 Clearance Recorder and Player............................
TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION 7 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.1 AFCS Controls .......................................................7-2 7.2 Flight Director Operation ....................................7-4 Activating the Flight Director ......................................7-4 AFCS status box ........................................................7-5 Command Bars..........................................................7-6 Flight Director Modes.................................................7-6 7.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW NOTE: Refer to the Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) Section for details on the GFC 700 AFCS. This section is designed to provide an overview of the G1000 Integrated Flight Deck as installed in Cessna 350/400 aircraft. The G1000 is an integrated flight deck system that presents flight instrumentation, position, navigation, communication, and identification information to the pilot using flat-panel color displays.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.1 LINE REPLACEABLE UNITS • GDU 1040/1042/1044 (2) – The GDU 1040 is configured as a Primary Flight Display (PFD) and the GDU 1042 or 1044 as a Multi Function Display (MFD). Both displays feature 10.4-inch LCD screens with 1024 x 768 resolution. The displays communicate with each other through a High-Speed Data Bus (HSDB) Ethernet connection. Each display is also paired with an Ethernet connection to an IAU.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GIA 63/63W (2) – The Integrated Avionics Units (IAU) function as the main communications hub, linking all LRUs with the PFD. Each IAU contains a GPS receiver, a very high frequency (VHF) communication/ navigation/glideslope (COM/NAV/GS) receiver, and system integration microprocessors, and is paired with the on-side display via an HSDB connection. The GIA 63W contains a GPS WAAS receiver. The IAUs are not paired together and do not communicate with each other directly.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GRS 77 (2) – The Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS) provides aircraft attitude and heading information via ARINC 429 to both the PFD and the primary IAU. The AHRS contains advanced sensors (including accelerometers and rate sensors) and interfaces with the Magnetometer to obtain magnetic field information, with the ADC to obtain air data, and with both IAUs to obtain GPS information. AHRS operation is discussed in Section 1.4, System Operation.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW High-Speed Data Bus (Ethernet) GMA 1347 Audio Panel GDU 1040 (PFD) GDU 1042 (MFD) Reversionary Control Reversionary Control GCU 476 Control Unit GDC 74 Air Data Computer OAT Airspeed Altitude Vertical Speed No. 1 GIA 63/63W Integrated Avionics Unit System Inegration Processors I/O Processors VHF COM VHF NAV/LOC GPS/WAAS Glideslope No.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW High-Speed Data Bus (Ethernet) No.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.2 SECURE DIGITAL (SD) CARDS NOTE: Ensure the G1000 System is powered off before inserting an SD card. NOTE: Refer to Appendix B for instructions on updating the aviation database. The PFD and MFD data card slots use Secure Digital (SD) cards and are located on the upper right side of the display bezels. Each display bezel is equipped with two SD card slots. SD cards are used for aviation database and system software updates as well as terrain database storage.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.3 SYSTEM POWER-UP NOTE: See the Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) for specific procedures concerning avionics power application and emergency power supply operation. NOTE: Refer to Appendix A for system-specific annunciations and alerts. The G1000 System is integrated with the aircraft electrical system and receives power directly from electrical busses.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.4 SYSTEM OPERATION NOTE: Refer to Appendix A for detailed descriptions of all alerts and annunciations. Refer to the Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) for additional information regarding pilot responses to these annunciations. The displays are connected together via a single Ethernet bus for high-speed communication. As shown in Figure 1-1, each IAU is connected to the on-side display. This allows the units to share information, enabling true system integration.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW If the system fails to detect a display problem, Reversionary Mode may be manually activated by pressing the Audio Panel’s red DISPLAY BACKUP Button. Pressing this button again deactivates Reversionary Mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM STATUS The System Status Page displays the statuses, serial numbers, and software version numbers for all detected system LRUs. Active LRUs are indicated by green check marks; failed LRUs by red ‘X’s. Failed LRUs should be noted and a service center or Garmin-authorized dealer informed. Viewing LRU information: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Status Page. 2) To place the cursor in the ‘LRU Info’ Box, a) Select the LRU Softkey. Or: a) Press the MENU Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Pertinent information on all system databases is also displayed on this page. Refer to the Appendices and Additional Features sections for more information about databases. Viewing database information: 1) Select the AUX - System Status Page. 2) To place the cursor in the ‘Database’ Box, select the DBASE Softkey. Or: a) Press the MENU Key. b) Highlight ‘Select Dbase Window’ and press the ENT Key. 3) Use the FMS Knob to scroll through the box to view database status information.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AHRS OPERATION NOTE: Aggressive maneuvering while AHRS is not operating normally may degrade AHRS accuracy. The Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS) performs attitude, heading, and vertical acceleration calculations for the G1000 System, utilizing GPS, magnetometer, and air data in addition to information from its internal sensors. Attitude and heading information are updated on the PFD while the AHRS receives appropriate combinations of information from the external sensor inputs.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW GPS RECEIVER OPERATION Each Integrated Avionics Unit (IAU) contains a GPS receiver. Internal system checking is performed to ensure both GPS receivers are providing accurate data to the PFD. When both GPS receivers are providing accurate data, the GPS receiver producing the better solution is used by the system. Information collected by the specified receiver (GPS1 for the #1 IAU or GPS2 for the #2 IAU) may be viewed on the AUX - GPS Status Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW For WAAS-enabled systems, GPS sensor annunciations are most often seen after system power-up when one GPS receiver has acquired satellites before the other or one of the GPS receivers has not yet acquired a WAAS signal. While the aircraft is on the ground, the WAAS signal may be blocked by obstructions causing one GPS receiver to have difficulty acquiring a good signal. Also, while airborne, turning the aircraft may result in one of the GPS receivers temporarily losing the WAAS signal.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW RAIM PREDICTION Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) is a GPS receiver function that performs a consistency check on all tracked satellites. RAIM ensures that the available satellite geometry allows the receiver to calculate a position within a specified RAIM protection limit (2.0 nautical miles for oceanic and enroute, 1.0 nm for terminal, and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches). During oceanic, enroute, and terminal phases of flight, RAIM is available nearly 100% of the time.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SATELLITE INFORMATION Satellites currently in view are shown at their respective positions on a satellite constellation diagram. This sky view is always oriented north-up, with the outer circle representing the horizon, the inner circle representing 45° above the horizon, and the center point showing the position directly overhead. Each satellite is represented by an oval containing the Pseudo-random noise (PRN) number (i.e., satellite identification number).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.5 G1000 CONTROLS The G1000 controls have been designed to simplify operation of the system and minimize workload and the time required to access sophisticated functionality. Controls are located on the PFD and MFD bezels, MFD/PFD Control Unit, and Audio Panel. PFD and MFD controls and softkeys are discussed in this section. Audio Panel and AFCS (on the bezel of the MFD) controls are described in the Audio Panel and CNS and AFCS sections, respectively.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1 NAV VOL/ID Knob Turn to control NAV audio volume (shown in the NAV Frequency Box as a percentage) 2 NAV Frequency Transfer Key 3 NAV Knob 4 5 6 Press to toggle Morse code identifier audio ON/OFF Transfers the standby and active NAV frequencies Turn to tune NAV receiver standby frequencies (large knob for MHz; small for kHz) Heading Knob Press to toggle light blue tuning box between NAV1 and NAV2 Turn to manually select a heading Joystick Press to display a digital heading momentar
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 15 ENT Key Validates/confirms menu selection or data entry 16 FMS Knob Press to turn the selection cursor ON/OFF. (Flight Management Data Entry: With cursor ON, turn to enter data in the highlighted field (large knob moves cursor location; small knob selects character for highlighted cursor System Knob) location) Scrolling: When a list of information is too long for the window/box, a scroll bar appears, indicating more items to view.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1 2 3 4 5 19 18 17 16 15 6 14 13 7 12 8 11 10 9 Figure 1-16 GCU 476 MFD/PFD Control Unit 1 FPL Key 2 Direct-to Key ( 3 MENU Key 4 PROC Key 5 Joystick Displays flight plan information ) Activates the direct-to function and allows the user to enter a destination waypoint and establish a direct course to the selected destination (specified by identifier, chosen from the active route) Displays a context-sensitive list of options for accessing additional features or making
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 10 11 CLR Key Erases information, cancels entries, or removes menus SEL Key Press and hold to display the MFD Navigation Map Page (MFD only).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW In the following descriptions, top level softkeys are denoted by bullets. PFD SOFTKEYS The CDI, IDENT, TMR/REF, NRST, and ALERTS softkeys undergo a momentary change to black text on gray background and automatically switch back to white text on black background when selected. The PFD softkeys provide control over flight management functions, including GPS, NAV, terrain, traffic, and lightning (optional).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Displays second-level softkeys for additional PFD configuration Resets PFD to default settings, including changing units to standard Displays softkeys to select and configure wind data Displays wind data in longitudinal and lateral components Displays wind data total direction and speed Displays wind data total direction with head and cross-wind speed components Removes wind information from display Cycles the Bearing 1 Information Window through: NAV1: Waypoint frequency/identifier and DME inf
SYSTEM OVERVIEW PFD DFLTS WIND BRG1 HSI FMT BRG2 ALT UNIT STD BARO BACK ALERTS Press the STD BARO or BACK Press the BRG1/BRG2 softkeys to display/remove Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW XPDR VFR ALT ON STBY CODE BACK IDENT ALERTS Press the BACK softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. 0 1 4 3 2 5 6 7 IDENT BKSP BACK ALERTS Press the IDENT or BACK softkeys to return to the top-level softkeys. Figure 1-21 XPDR Softkeys MFD SOFTKEYS MFD softkeys vary depending on the page selected. EIS and Navigation Map Page (default MFD page) softkeys are described here.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • SYSTEM OXYGEN DCLTR ASSIST CO RST DEC FUEL INC FUEL RST FUEL • MAP TRAFFIC TOPO TERRAIN STRMSCP NEXRAD XM LTNG BACK • DCLTR (3) • CHKLIST 190-00552-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.6 ACCESSING G1000 FUNCTIONALITY MENUS The G1000 has a dedicated MENU Key that when pressed displays a context-sensitive list of options. This options list allows the user to access additional features or make settings changes which specifically relate to the currently displayed window/page. There is no all-encompassing menu. Some menus provide access to additional submenus that are used to view, edit, select, and review options.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Using the MFD/PFD Control Unit keypad to enter data: 1) Choose the desired display control mode by pressing the PFD or MFD Key on the MFD/PFD Control Unit. 2) If needed, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Use the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired field. 4) Use the alphanumeric keys to enter the desired information. 5) Press the ENT Key to confirm the entry 6) Press the CLR Key to cancel data entry (the field revers back to its previous information).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW PAGE GROUPS NOTE: Refer to other supporting sections in this Pilot’s Guide for details on specific pages. Information on the MFD is presented on pages which are grouped according to function. The page group and active page title are displayed in the upper center of the screen, below the Navigation Status Box. In the bottom right corner of the screen, the current page group, number of pages available in the group, and placement of the current page within the group are indicated by icons.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • Map Page Group (MAP) Navigation Map Traffic Map Stormscope (Cessna 350 only, optional) Weather Data Link (optional) Terrain/TAWS (TAWS optional) Figure 1-26 Map Pages • Waypoint Page Group (WPT) Airport/Procedures/Weather Information Pages - Airport Information (INFO Softkey) - Departure Information (DP Softkey) - Arrival Information (STAR Softkey) - Approach Information (APR Softkey) - Weather Information (optional) (WX Softkey) Intersection Information Airport/ Procedures/ Weather Info
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • Auxiliary Page Group (AUX) Trip Planning Utility GPS Status System Setup XM Satellite screens (optional) - XM Information (INFO Softkey) - XM Radio (RADIO Softkey) XM Pages System Status Figure 1-28 Auxiliary Pages • Nearest Page Group (NRST) Nearest Airports Nearest Intersections Nearest NDB Nearest VOR Nearest User Waypoints Nearest Frequencies Nearest Airspaces Figure 1-29 Nearest Pages 1-32 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW In addition to the main page groups accessed exclusively using the FMS Knob, there are pages for flight planning (FPL) and loading procedures (PROC) which are accessed by key. In some instances, softkeys may be used to access the Procedure Loading pages. The Flight Plan pages are accessed using the FPL Key on the MFD. Main pages within this group are selected by turning the small FMS Knob.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM SETTINGS G1000 system settings are managed from the System Setup Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW DATE/TIME The G1000 obtains the current Universal Coordinated Time (UTC) date and time directly from the GPS satellite signals. System time (in the lower right corner of the PFD) can be displayed in three formats: local 12-hr, local 24-hr, or UTC. Local time is set by adding/subtracting an offset (hours:minutes) to/from UTC. PFD Figure 1-33 System Time (Local 24-hr Format) Configuring the system time: 1) Select the AUX - System Setup Page using the FMS Knob.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW DISPLAY UNITS Units in which various quantities are displayed on the G1000 screens are listed on the System Setup Page. The Navigation Angle reference can be set from here (refer to the Flight Instruments Section).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW PILOT PROFILES System settings may be saved under a pilot profile. When the system is powered on, the last selected pilot profile is shown on the MFD Power-up Splash Screen (Figure 1-5). The G1000 can store up to 25 profiles; the currently active profile, the amount of memory used, and the amount of memory available are shown at the top of the System Setup Page in the box labeled ‘Pilot Profile’. From here, pilot profiles may be created, selected, renamed, or deleted.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selecting an active profile: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the active profile field in the Pilot Profile Box. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the pilot profile list and highlight the desired profile. 5) Press the ENT Key. The G1000 loads and displays the system settings for the selected profile.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW TIMERS The G1000 timers available include: • Stopwatch-like generic timers (available from the PFD Timer/References Window and on the MFD AUX Utility Page) • Total-time-in-flight timer (MFD AUX - Utility Page) • Time since departure (MFD AUX - Utility Page) The generic timer can be set to count up or down from a specified time (HH:MM:SS). When the countdown on the timer reaches zero the digits begin to count up from zero.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Setting the generic timer (MFD AUX - Utility Page): 1) Select the AUX - Utility Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the timer counting direction (UP/DN) and press the ENT Key. 4) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired time and press the ENT Key. 5) With ‘START?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to start the timer. The field changes to ‘STOP?’. 6) To stop the timer, press the ENT Key with ‘STOP?’ highlighted.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW The G1000 records the time at which departure occurs, depending on whether the pilot prefers the time to be recorded from system power-up or from aircraft lift off. The displayed departure time can also be reset to display the current time at the point of reset. The format in which the time is displayed is controlled from the System Setup Page. Setting the departure timer starting criterion: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - Utility Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to the field next to ‘Type’. 6) Turn the small FMS Knob to select set the message alert type: • Event—Message issued at the specified date/time • One-time—Message issued when the message timer reaches zero (default setting) • Periodic—Message issued each time the message timer reaches zero 7) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to the next field.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ELECTRONIC CHECKLISTS (OPTIONAL) NOTE: The checklists presented in this section are for example only and may not reflect checklists actually available for the Cessna 350/400. The information described in this section is not intended to replace the checklist information described in the AFM or the Pilot Safety and Warning Supplements document. NOTE: Garmin is not responsible for the content of the checklists. User-defined checklists are created by the aircraft manufacturer.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Accessing and navigating checklists: 1) From any page, select the CHKLIST Softkey. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the ‘GROUP’ field. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired procedure and press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the ‘Checklist’ field. 5) Turn the FMS Knob to select the desired checklist and press the ENT Key. 6) Turn the FMS Knob to scroll through the checklist and highlight the desired checklist item (has a hollow white box for checkmark).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.7 DISPLAY BACKLIGHTING The backlighting of the PFD and MFD displays and bezel and Audio Panel keys can be adjusted automatically or manually. The default setting (automatic backlighting adjustment) uses photocell technology to automatically adjust for ambient lighting conditions. Photocell calibration curves are pre-configured to optimize display appearance through a broad range of cockpit lighting conditions.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW BLANK PAGE 1-46 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SECTION 2 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: In the event that the airspeed, attitude, altitude, or heading indications become unusable, refer to the backup instruments. NOTE: The Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) provides additional readouts and bugs on selected flight instruments. Refer to the AFCS Section for details on these bugs and readouts, as they appear on the display during certain AFCS modes.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 22 21 20 19 1 18 17 16 2 15 14 3 13 12 4 11 5 10 6 9 7 8 1 NAV Frequency Box 12 Turn Rate Indicator 2 Airspeed Indicator 13 Altimeter Barometric Setting 3 True Airspeed 14 Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) 4 Current Heading 15 Selected Altitude Bug 5 Horizontal Situation Indicator ( HSI) 16 Altimeter 6 Outside Air Temperature (OAT) 17 Selected Altitude 7 ISA Temperature Deviation 18 COM Frequency Box 8 Softkeys 19 AFCS Status Box 9 System Time 20
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 13 12 1 2 11 3 10 4 9 5 8 7 6 1 Traffic Annunciation 8 Alerts Window 2 Vspeed References 9 Barometric Minimum Descent Altitude 3 Selected Heading 10 Annunciation Window 4 Wind Data 11 Vertical Deviation/Glideslope Indicator 5 Inset Map 12 Marker Beacon Annunciation 6 Bearing Information Windows 13 AFCS Status Annunciation 7 Selected Course Figure 2-2 Additional PFD Information 190-00552-01 Rev.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.1 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AIRSPEED INDICATOR NOTE: Refer to the Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) for speed criteria. The Airspeed Indicator displays airspeed on a rolling number gauge using a moving tape. The true airspeed is displayed in knots below the Airspeed Indicator. The numeric labels and major tick marks on the moving tape are marked at intervals of 10 knots, while minor tick marks on the moving tape are indicated at intervals of 5 knots.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Vspeeds (Glide, VX, and VY) can be changed and their flags turned on/off from the Timer/References Window. When active (on), the Vspeeds are displayed at their respective locations to the right of the airspeed scale. By default, all Vspeed values are reset and all flags turned off when power is cycled. Changing Vspeeds and turning Vspeed flags on/off: 1) Select the TMR/REF Softkey. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired Vspeed.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ATTITUDE INDICATOR Attitude information is displayed over a virtual blue sky and brown ground with a white horizon line. The Attitude Indicator displays the pitch, roll, and slip/skid information. 9 8 1 7 2 6 3 4 5 1 Roll Pointer 2 Roll Scale 3 Horizon Line 4 Aircraft Symbol 5 Land Representation 6 Pitch Scale 7 Slip/Skid Indicator 8 Sky Representation 9 Roll Scale Zero Figure 2-7 Attitude Indicator The horizon line is part of the pitch scale.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ALTIMETER The Altimeter displays 600 feet of barometric altitude values at a time on a rolling number gauge using a moving tape. Numeric labels and major tick marks are shown at intervals of 100 feet. Minor tick marks are at intervals of 20 feet. The current altitude is displayed in the black pointer. The Selected Altitude is displayed above the Altimeter in the box indicated by a selection bug symbol.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A magenta Altitude Trend Vector extends up or down the left of the altitude tape, the end resting at the approximate altitude to be reached in 6 seconds at the current vertical speed. The trend vector is not shown if altitude remains constant or if data needed for calculation is not available due to a system failure. The barometric pressure setting is displayed below the Altimeter in inches of mercury (in Hg) or hectopascals (hPa) when metric units are selected.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS VERTICAL DEVIATION NOTE: The Glidepath Indicator is only shown for aircraft with GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Units when WAAS is available. The Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI; Figure 2-11) uses a magenta chevron to indicate the baro-VNV vertical deviation when Vertical Navigation (VNV) is being used; the VDI appears in conjunction with the “TOD within 1 minute” alert. Full-scale deflection (two dots) is 1000 feet.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HORIZONTAL SITUATION INDICATOR (HSI) The Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) displays a rotating compass card in a heading-up orientation. Letters indicate the cardinal points and numeric labels occur every 30˚. Major tick marks are at 10˚ intervals and minor tick marks at 5˚ intervals. A digital reading of the current heading appears on top of the HSI, and the current track is represented on the HSI by a magenta diamond.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Arc HSI is a 140˚ expanded section of the compass rose. The Arc HSI contains a Course Pointer, To/From Indicator, a sliding deviation indicator (the To/From and deviation indicators are combined), and a deviation scale. Upon station passage, the To/From Indicator flips and points to the tail of the aircraft, just like a conventional To/From flag. Depending on the navigation source, the CDI on the Arc HSI can appear in two different ways: an arrowhead (GPS, VOR, OBS) or a diamond (LOC).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Navigation angles (track, heading, course, bearing) are corrected to the computed magnetic variation (‘Mag Var’) or referenced to true north (denoted ‘T’), set on the AUX - System Setup Page. When an approach referenced to true north has been loaded into the flight plan, the system generates a message to change the navigation angle setting to ‘True’ at the appropriate time.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS TURN RATE INDICATOR The Turn Rate Indicator is located directly above the rotating compass card. Tick marks to the left and right of the lubber line denote half-standard and standard turn rates. A magenta Turn Rate Trend Vector shows the current turn rate. The end of the trend vector gives the heading predicted in 6 seconds, based on the present turn rate.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS When a bearing pointer is displayed, its associated information window is also displayed.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS COURSE DEVIATION INDICATOR (CDI) NOTE: If a heading change of greater than 105˚ with respect to the course is made, the CDI on the Arc HSI switches to the opposite side of the deviation scale and displays reverse sensing. The Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) moves left or right from the course pointer along a lateral deviation scale to display aircraft position relative to the course. If the course deviation data is not valid, the CDI is not displayed.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Changing navigation sources: 1) Select the CDI Softkey to change from GPS to VOR1 or LOC1. This places the light blue tuning box over the NAV1 standby frequency in the upper left corner of the PFD. 2) Select the CDI Softkey again to change from VOR1 or LOC1 to VOR2 or LOC2. This places the light blue tuning box over the NAV2 standby frequency. 3) Select the CDI Softkey a third time to return to GPS.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS GPS CDI SCALING When GPS is the selected navigation source, the flight plan legs are sequenced automatically and annunciations appear on the HSI for the flight phase. Flight phase annunciations are normally shown in magenta, but when cautionary conditions exist the color changes to yellow. If the current leg in the flight plan is a heading leg, ‘HDG LEG’ is annunciated in magenta beneath the aircraft symbol.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Departure Terminal Enroute (Oceanic if >200 nm from nearest airport) Terminal Refer to accompanying approach CDI scaling figures Approach 0.3 nm 1.0 nm 1.0 nm 2.0 nm 1.0 nm 0.3 nm CDI Full-scale Deflection When set to ‘Auto’ (default), the GPS CDI scale automatically adjusts to the desired limits based upon the current phase of flight (Figure 2-25, Table 2-1).
2 nm 2 nm FAF FAF CDI scale varies if VTF is activated 0.3 nm 1.0 nm angle based on database information course width angle set by system 350 ft 0.3 nm 1.0 nm CDI Full-scale Deflection CDI scale is set to the smaller of 0.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS OBS MODE NOTE: VNV is inhibited while automatic waypoint sequencing has been suspended. Enabling Omni-bearing Selector (OBS) Mode suspends the automatic sequencing of waypoints in a GPS flight plan (GPS must be the selected navigation source), but retains the current “active-to” waypoint as the navigation reference even after passing the waypoint. ‘OBS’ is annunciated to the lower right of the aircraft symbol when OBS Mode is selected (see Figure 2-28).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Enabling/disabling OBS Mode while navigating a GPS flight plan: 1) Select the OBS Softkey to select OBS Mode. 2) Turn the CRS Knob to select the desired course to/from the waypoint. Press the CRS Knob to synchronize the Selected Course with the bearing to the next waypoint. 3) Select the OBS Softkey again to return to automatic waypoint sequencing. As the aircraft crosses the missed approach point (MAP), automatic approach waypoint sequencing is suspended.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.2 SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA NOTE: Selecting the DFLTS Softkey (a second-level PFD softkey) turns off metric Altimeter display, the Inset Map, and wind data display. In addition to the flight instruments, the PFD also displays various supplemental information, including the Outside Air Temperature (OAT), wind data, and Vertical Navigation (VNV) indications.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WIND DATA Wind direction and speed (relative to the aircraft) in knots can be displayed in a window to the upper left of the HSI. When the window is selected for display, but wind information is invalid or unavailable, the window shows “NO WIND DATA”. Wind data can be displayed in three different ways: Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 No Data Figure 2-31 Wind Data Displaying wind data: 1) Select the PFD Softkey. 2) Select the WIND Softkey to display wind data below the Selected Heading.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS VERTICAL NAVIGATION (VNV) INDICATIONS When a VNV flight plan has been activated, VNV indications (VNV Target Altitude, RSVI, VDI) appear on the PFD in conjunction with the “TOD within 1 minute” message and “Vertical track” voice alert. See the GPS Navigation section for details on VNV features. VNV indications are removed from the PFD according to the criteria listed in Table 2-2.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.3 PFD ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTING FUNCTIONS The following annunciations and alerting functions are displayed on the PFD. Refer to Appendix A for more information on alerts and annunciations. G1000 ALERTING SYSTEM Messages appear in the Alerts Window (in the lower right corner of the PFD; Figure 2-33) when a warning, caution, advisory alert, or G1000 message advisory occurs.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Caution indicates the existence of abnormal conditions on the aircraft that may require pilot intervention. A flashing CAUTION Softkey annunciation and single aural tone (one chime) indicate the presence of a caution. The flashing CAUTION Softkey annunciation continues to flash until acknowledged (by selecting the CAUTION Softkey). An advisory provides general information to the pilot that may not need immediate attention.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS TRAFFIC ANNUNCIATION Traffic is symbolically displayed on the PFD Inset Map, the Navigation Map Page (MFD), and various other MFD page maps. Refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section and Appendix E for more details about the Traffic Information Service (TIS) and optional Traffic Advisory Systems (TAS).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ALTITUDE ALERTING The Altitude Alerting function provides the pilot with visual and aural alerts when approaching the Selected Altitude. Whenever the Selected Altitude is changed, the Altitude Alerter is reset. The Altitude Alerter is independent of the GFC 700 AFCS, but alerting tones are generated only when the GFC 700 is installed.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS MINIMUM DESCENT ALTITUDE/DECISION HEIGHT ALERTING For altitude awareness, a barometric Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA, or Decision Height, DH) can be set in the Timer/References Window and is reset when the power is cycled. When active, the altitude setting is displayed to the lower left of the Altimeter and with a bug at the corresponding altitude along the Altimeter (once the altitude is within the range of the tape).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.4 ABNORMAL OPERATIONS ABNORMAL GPS CONDITIONS The annunciations listed in Table 2-3 can appear on the HSI when abnormal GPS conditions occur; see Figure 2-43 for examples. Refer to the GPS Navigation Section for more information on Dead Reckoning Mode.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS UNUSUAL ATTITUDES When the aircraft enters an unusual pitch attitude, red extreme pitch warning chevrons pointing toward the horizon are displayed on the Attitude Indicator, starting at 50˚ above and 30˚ below the horizon line. Nose High Nose Low Figure 2-44 Pitch Attitude Warnings If pitch exceeds +30˚/-20˚ or bank exceeds 65˚, some information displayed on the PFD is removed.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS BLANK PAGE 2-32 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM SECTION 3 ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM The G1000 Engine Indication System (EIS) for the Cessna 350/400 displays critical engine, electrical, fuel, and other system parameters on the left side of the MFD during normal operations. EIS information can be fully expanded to an entire page (Engine Page) using the SYSTEM Softkey.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM 3.1 EIS DISPLAY NOTE: For engine speeds less than 500 rpm, no warning occurs for manifold pressure, oil pressure, oil temperature, Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT), or bus voltage outside the acceptable operating range.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 7 8 9 9 10 10 Cessna 350 Cessna 400 Figure 3-2 EIS Display 190-00552-01 Rev.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM 3.2 ENGINE PAGE Selecting the SYSTEM Softkey on the MFD accesses the Engine Page, which displays all Engine Indication System instruments; selecting the softkey again exits the Engine Page. The Engine Page displays engine, fuel, fuel calculation, electrical, oxygen, and trim information using round dial gauges, bar indicators, bar graphs, digital readouts, and slide bars. As in the EIS Display, the manifold pressure gauge, tachometer, and trim slide bars are shown.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM 4 3 2 1 5 11 6 10 7 9 8 Carbon Monoxide Warning Figure 3-3 Engine Page (Cessna 350) 1 2 3 4 5 11 6 10 7 9 8 Figure 3-4 Engine Page (Cessna 400) 190-00552-01 Rev.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM CARBON MONOXIDE DETECTION If carbon monoxide (CO) in the cabin becomes too high (exceeds 50 ppm), a flashing red annunciation and the current level of CO in parts per million (ppm) are displayed in the lower right corner of the Engine Page. Figure 3-5 Carbon Monoxide Warning When a warning is generated, the CO RST Softkey becomes available to reset the CO Guardian and acknowledge the alert.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM ENGINE TEMPERATURE GROUP The temperature group displays the Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) and Exhaust Gas Temperature (EGT) in degrees Fahrenheit for each cylinder using bar graphs and digital readouts. For the Cessna 400, Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) is shown on a sliding bar scale.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM 3.3 ENGINE LEANING ASSIST MODE NOTE: Consult the Cessna 350/400 Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) for leaning procedures. From the Engine Page, the Engine Leaning Assist Mode may be accessed by selecting the ASSIST Softkey. Selecting the ASSIST Softkey again returns the MFD to the Engine Page. Use the SYSTEM Softkey to exit the Engine Page. While in Assist Mode, the EIS Display is shown along with the Fuel Flow Gauge and an expanded Engine Temperature Group.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM When the first peak is detected, the cylinder numbers disappear, “1st” is annunciated in light blue below that cylinder’s EGT bar, the temperature is marked in light blue on the graph, and the EGT readout is outlined.
ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM CESSNA 400 Once the ASSIST Softkey is selected, the peak of each TIT is indicated by a light blue bar which moves and remains at the peak Turbine Inlet Temperature. Peak TIT Lean or Rich From Peak TIT Deviation from Peak Figure 3-11 Engine Leaning Assist Mode (Cessna 400) 3-10 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SECTION 4 AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.1 OVERVIEW The Communication/Navigation/Surveillance (CNS) system includes the Audio Panel, communication radios, navigation radios, and Mode S transponder. The System Overview Section provides a block diagram description of the Audio Panel and CNS system interconnection.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS MFD/PFD CONTROLS AND FREQUENCY DISPLAY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Figure 4-1 MFD/PFD Controls, NAV/COM Frequency Tuning Boxes, and Nearest Window (PFD Shown) 4-2 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 1 NAV VOL/ID Knob – Controls NAV audio volume level. Press to turn the Morse code identifier audio on and off. Volume level is shown in the NAV frequency field as a percentage. 2 NAV Frequency Transfer Key – Transfers the standby and active NAV frequencies. 3 NAV Knob – Tunes the standby frequencies for the NAV receiver (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz). Press to move the tuning box (light blue box) and Frequency Transfer Arrow between NAV1 and NAV2.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUDIO PANEL CONTROLS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Figure 4-2 Audio Panel Controls NOTE: When a key is selected, a triangular annunciator above the key is illuminated. 4-4 1 COM1 MIC – Selects the #1 transmitter for transmitting. COM1 receive is simultaneously selected when this key is pressed allowing received audio from the #1 COM receiver to be heard. COM2 receive can be added by pressing the COM2 Key.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 6 COM3 – Not used in Cessna 350/400 aircraft. 7 COM 1/2 – Split COM Key. Allows simultaneous transmission on COM1 and COM2 by the pilot and copilot. 8 TEL – Not used in Cessna 350/400 aircraft. 9 PA – Selects the passenger address system. The selected COM transmitter is deselected when the PA Key is pressed. 10 SPKR – Selects and deselects the cabin speaker. COM and NAV receiver audio can be heard on the speaker. 11 MKR/MUTE – Selects marker beacon receiver audio.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS MFD/PFD CONTROL UNIT The MFD/PFD Control Unit is a pedestal-mounted interface allowing MFD/PFD operation, data entry, COM and NAV tuning, and transponder control. Many procedures can be performed using the MFD/PFD Control Unit rather than the MFD or PFD display bezel controls. Annunciators above the PFD, MFD, NAV, and COM keys are illuminated when their respective control modes are selected. The unit is in MFD control mode by default on system power-up.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 1 MENU Key – Displays a list of options for accessing additional features or making setting changes. 2 Alphanumeric Keys – Allows data entry (rather than using the FMS Knob to select characters/ numbers). 3 BKSP Key – Moves cursor back one character space and removes last character entered. 4 ENT Key – Validates or confirms a menu selection or data entry. 5 CLR Key – Erases information, cancels entries, or removes menus.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.2 COM OPERATION COM TRANSCEIVER SELECTION AND ACTIVATION NOTE: During PA Mode, the COM MIC Annunciator is extinguished and the COM active frequency color changes to white, indicating that neither COM transmitter is active. NOTE: When turning on the G1000 for use, the system remembers the last frequencies used and the active COM transceiver state prior to shutdown.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS TRANSMIT/RECEIVE INDICATIONS During COM transmission, a white TX appears by the active COM frequency replacing the Frequency Transfer Arrow. On the Audio Panel, when the active COM is transmitting, the active transceiver COM MIC Key Annunciator flashes approximately once per second. During COM signal reception, a white RX appears by the active COM frequency replacing the Frequency Transfer Arrow.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS Manual frequency tuning from the MFD/PFD Control Unit 1) Press the COM Key to select the COM frequency box. 2) Turn the NAV/COM Knob to tune the desired frequency in the COM Tuning Box (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz). 3) Press the Frequency Transfer Key to transfer the frequency to the active field. Second, Turn the NAV/COM Knob to Enter a Frequency into the COM Standby Frequency Field Third, Press the Frequency Transfer Key to Move the Frequency to the Active Field.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SELECTING THE RADIO TO BE TUNED Press the small COM Knob to transfer the frequency tuning box and Frequency Transfer Arrow between the upper and lower radio frequency fields. Press the COM Knob to Switch the Tuning Box From One COM Radio to the Other Figure 4-9 Switching COM Tuning Boxes QUICK-TUNING AND ACTIVATING 121.500 MHZ Pressing and holding the COM Frequency Transfer Key for two seconds automatically loads the emergency COM frequency (121.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING THE COM FREQUENCY COM frequencies can be automatically tuned from the following: • Nearest Airports Window (PFD) • NRST – Nearest Frequencies Page (ARTCC, FSS, WX) • WPT – Airport Information Page • NRST – Nearest Airspaces Page • NRST – Nearest Airports Page AUTO-TUNING FROM THE PFD COM frequencies for the nearest airports can be automatically tuned from the Nearest Airports Window on the PFD. When the desired frequency is entered, it becomes a standby frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING FROM THE MFD Frequencies can be automatically loaded into the COM Frequency Box from pages in the NRST or WPT page group by highlighting the frequency and pressing the ENT Key (Figures 4-12, 4-13, and 4-14). Auto-tuning a COM frequency from the WPT and NRST Pages: 1) From any page that the COM frequency can be auto-tuned, activate the cursor by pressing the FMS Knob or the appropriate softkey.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS On the WPT - Airport Information Page, the cursor can be placed on the frequency field by pressing the FMS Knob and scrolling through the list. The frequency is transferred to the COM Standby Field with the ENT Key. Press Frequency Transfer Key to Load Frequency into COM Active Frequency Field Selected Airport Identifier and Information Runway Information Press ENT Key to Load Frequency into COM Standby Field. Cursor then Advances to Next Frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS COM frequencies can also be auto-tuned from the NRST – Nearest Airspaces, NRST – Nearest Frequencies, and NRST – Nearest Airports Pages on the MFD in a similar manner using the appropriate softkeys or MENU Key, the FMS Knob, and the ENT Key. Figure 4-15 NRST – Nearest Airspaces, NRST – Nearest Airports, and NRST – Nearest Frequencies Pages 190-00552-01 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS FREQUENCY SPACING The G1000 COM radios can tune either 25-kHz spacing (118.000 to 136.975 MHz) or 8.33-kHz spacing (118.000 to 136.990 MHz) for 760-channel or 3040-channel configuration. When 8.33-kHz channel spacing is selected, all of the 25-kHz channel spacing frequencies are also available in the complete 3040-channel list. COM channel spacing is set on the System Setup Page of the AUX Page Group. 8.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTOMATIC SQUELCH Automatic Squelch quiets unwanted static noise when no audio signal is received, while still providing good sensitivity to weak COM signals. To disable Automatic Squelch, press the VOL/SQ Knob. When Automatic Squelch is disabled, COM audio reception is always on. Continuous static noise is heard over the headsets and speaker, if selected. Pressing the VOL/SQ Knob again enables Automatic Squelch.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.3 NAV OPERATION NAV RADIO SELECTION AND ACTIVATION The NAV Frequency Box is composed of four fields; two standby fields and two active fields. The active frequencies are on the right side and the standby frequencies are on the left. A NAV radio is selected for navigation by selecting the CDI Softkey located on the PFD. The active NAV frequency selected for navigation is displayed in green. Selecting the CDI Softkey once selects NAV1 as the navigation radio.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS NAV radios are selected for listening by pressing the corresponding keys on the Audio Panel. Pressing the NAV1 or NAV2 Key selects and deselects the navigation radio source. Selected audio can be heard over the headset and the speaker (if selected). All radios can be selected individually or simultaneously. Figure 4-21 Selecting a NAV Radio Receiver NAV RECEIVER MANUAL TUNING The NAV frequency controls and frequency boxes are on the left side of the PFD and MFD.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SELECTING THE RADIO TO BE TUNED Press the small NAV Knob to transfer the frequency tuning box and Frequency Transfer Arrow between the upper and lower radio frequency fields. Press the NAV Knob to Switch the Tuning Box From One NAV Radio to the Other Figure 4-23 Switching NAV Tuning Boxes VOR/LOC ID When the Morse code Identifier audio is on for a NAV radio, a white ID appears to the left of the active NAV frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING A NAV FREQUENCY FROM THE MFD NAV frequencies can be selected and loaded from the following MFD pages: • NRST – Nearest VOR • WPT – Airport Information • WPT – VOR Information • NRST – Nearest Frequencies (FSS, WX) • NRST – Nearest Airports • NRST – Nearest Airspaces The MFD provides auto-tuning of NAV frequencies from waypoint and nearest pages. During enroute navigation, the NAV frequency is entered automatically into the NAV standby frequency field.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS Or: 1) When on the NRST pages, press the MENU Key to display the page menu. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the menu options. 3) Press the ENT Key to place the cursor in the desired window. 4) Scroll through the frequency selections with the FMS Knob or the ENT Key. 5) Press the ENT Key to load the NAV frequency into the standby field of the selected NAV radio. 6) Press the Frequency Transfer Key to transfer the frequency to the NAV Active Frequency Field.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS In the example shown, the VOR list is selected with the VOR Softkey or from the page menu. The FMS Knob or ENT Key is used to scroll through the list. The cursor is placed on the frequency with the FREQ Softkey and loaded into the NAV Tuning Box with the ENT Key. Press the ENT Key to Load the Frequency into the NAV Standby Field.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS While enroute, NAV frequencies can also be auto-tuned from the NRST – Nearest Airports, WPT – Airport Information, WPT – VOR Information, and NRST – Nearest Frequencies Pages on the MFD in a similar manner using the appropriate softkeys or MENU Key, the FMS Knob, and the ENT Key. Figure 4-29 NRST – Nearest Frequencies, WPT – VOR Information, WPT – Airport Information, and NRST – Nearest Airports Pages 4-24 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING NAV FREQUENCIES ON APPROACH ACTIVATION NOTE: The primary NAV frequency is auto-tuned upon loading a VOR or ILS/Localizer approach. NOTE: When an ILS/LOC approach has been activated in GPS Mode, the system switches to NAV Mode as the final approach course is intercepted (within 15 nm of the FAF). See the GPS Navigation Section for details. NAV frequencies are automatically loaded into the NAV Frequency Box on approach activation.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS MARKER BEACON RECEIVER NOTE: The marker beacon indicators operate independently of marker beacon audio and cannot be turned off. The marker beacon receiver is used as part of the ILS. The marker beacon receiver is always on and detects any marker beacon signals within the reception range of the aircraft. The receiver detects the three marker tones – outer, middle, and inner – and provides the marker beacon annunciations located to the left of the Altimeter on the PFD.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.4 GTX 33 MODE S TRANSPONDER The GTX 33 Mode S Transponder provides Mode A, Mode C, and Mode S interrogation and reply capabilities.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS STBY ON ALT GND VFR XPDR IDENT CODE IDENT BACK ALERTS Selecting the IDENT or BACK Softkey returns to the top-level softkeys. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 IDENT BKSP BACK ALERTS Selecting the IDENT Softkey returns to the top-level softkeys. Selecting the BACK Softkey returns to the mode selection softkeys. Figure 4-32 Transponder Softkeys (PFD) TRANSPONDER MODE SELECTION Mode selection can be automatic (Ground and Altitude Modes) or manual (Standby, ON, and Altitude Modes).
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS STANDBY MODE (MANUAL) NOTE: In Standby Mode, the IDENT function is inoperative. Standby Mode can be selected at any time by selecting the STBY Softkey. In Standby, the transponder does not reply to interrogations, but new codes can be entered. When Standby is selected, a white STBY indication and transponder code appear in the mode field of the Transponder Data Box. In all other modes, these fields appear in green.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ALTITUDE MODE (AUTOMATIC OR MANUAL) Altitude Mode is automatically selected when the aircraft becomes airborne. Altitude Mode may also be selected manually by selecting the ALT Softkey. If Altitude Mode is selected, a green ALT indication and transponder code appear in the mode field of the Transponder Data Box, and all transponder replies requesting altitude information are provided with pressure altitude information.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ENTERING A TRANSPONDER CODE Entering a transponder code with softkeys: 1) Select the XPDR Softkey to display the Transponder Mode Selection Softkeys. 2) Select the CODE Softkey to display the Transponder Code Selection Softkeys, for digit entry. 3) Select the digit softkeys to enter the code in the code field. When entering the code, the next softkey in sequence must be selected within 10 seconds, or the entry is cancelled and restored to the previous code.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS VFR CODE The VFR code can be entered either manually or by selecting the XPDR Softkey, then the VFR Softkey. When the VFR Softkey is selected, the pre-programmed VFR code is automatically displayed in the code field of the Transponder Data Box. Selecting the VFR Softkey again restores the previous identification code. The pre-programmed VFR Code is set at the factory to 1200. If a VFR code change is required, contact a Garmin-authorized service center for configuration.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS FLIGHT ID REPORTING NOTE: If the Flight ID is required but the system is not configured for it, contact a Garmin-authorized service center for configuration. When the Flight ID must be entered before flight operation, the identifier is placed in the Timer/References Window on the PFD. The Flight ID is not to exceed seven characters. No space is needed when entering Flight ID. When a Flight ID contains a space, the system automatically removes it upon completion of Flight ID entry.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.5 ADDITIONAL AUDIO PANEL FUNCTIONS POWER-UP The Audio Panel performs a self-test during power-up. During the self-test all Audio Panel annunciator lights illuminate for approximately two seconds. Once the self-test is completed, most of the settings are restored to those in use before the unit was last turned off. MONO/STEREO HEADSETS Stereo headsets are recommended for use in this aircraft. Using a monaural headset in a stereo jack shorts the right headset channel output to ground.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS INTERCOM The Audio Panel includes a six-position intercom system (ICS) and two stereo music inputs for the pilot, copilot and up to four passengers. The intercom provides Pilot and Copilot isolation from the passengers and aircraft radios.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS INTERCOM VOLUME AND SQUELCH The PILOT/PASS Knob controls volume or manual squelch adjustment for the pilot and copilot/passenger. The small knob controls the pilot volume and squelch. The large knob controls the copilot/passenger volume and squelch. The VOL and SQ annunciations at the bottom of the unit indicate which function the knob is controlling. Pressing the PILOT/PASS Knob switches between volume and squelch control as indicated by the VOL or SQ annunciation being illuminated.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS PASSENGER ADDRESS (PA) SYSTEM A passenger address system is available for delivering voice messages over the cabin speaker. When the PA Key is selected on the Audio Panel, the COM MIC Annunciator is extinguished, and the active COM frequency changes to white, indicating that there is no COM selected. A Push-to-Talk (PTT) must be pressed to deliver PA announcements. The PA Annunciator flashes about once per second while the PTT is depressed.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SPLIT COM NOTE: Split COM performance is affected by the distance between the COM antennas and the separation of the tuned frequencies. If the selected COM1 and COM2 frequencies are too close together, interference may be heard during transmission on the other radio. During Split COM operation, both the pilot and the copilot can transmit simultaneously over separate radios.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ENTERTAINMENT INPUTS NOTE: MUSIC 1 and MUSIC 2 inputs cannot be completely turned off. Audio level for MUSIC 1 and MUSIC 2 can be adjusted by a Garmin-authorized service center. The Audio Panel provides two stereo auxiliary entertainment inputs: MUSIC 1 and MUSIC 2. These inputs are compatible with popular portable entertainment devices such as MP3 and CD players. Two 3.5-mm stereo phone jacks are installed in convenient locations for audio connection.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.6 AUDIO PANEL PREFLIGHT PROCEDURE NOTE: If the pilot and/or copilot are using headsets that have a high/low switch or volume control knob, verify that the switch is in the high position and the volume control on the headsets are at maximum volume setting. On single-pilot flights, verify that all other headsets are not connected to avoid excess noise in the audio system. NOTE: When the MAN SQ Key is pressed, the ICS squelch can be set manually by the pilot and copilot.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.7 ABNORMAL OPERATION Abnormal operation of the G1000 includes equipment failures of the G1000 components and failure of associated equipment, including switches and external devices. STUCK MICROPHONE If the push-to-talk (PTT) Key becomes stuck, the COM transmitter stops transmitting after 35 seconds of continuous operation. An alert appears on the PFD to advise the pilot of a stuck microphone.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS BLANK PAGE 4-42 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION SECTION 5 GPS NAVIGATION 5.1 INTRODUCTION The G1000 is an integrated flight, engine, communication, navigation and surveillance system. This section of the Pilot’s Guide explains GPS navigation using the G1000. The most prominent part of the G1000 are the two full color displays: one Primary Flight Displays (PFD) and one Multi Function Display (MFD). The information to successfully navigate the aircraft using the GPS sensors is displayed on the PFD and the MFD.
GPS NAVIGATION Navigation Status Box Navigation Mode Inset Map Location of: - Direct To Window - Flight Plan Window - Procedures Window - Nearest Airports Window Figure 5-1 GPS Navigation Information on the PFD Navigation Status Box Map Orientation Navigation Page Title Navigation Map - Aviation Data - Geographic Data - Topographic Data - Hazard Data Aircraft Icon at Present Position Active Flight Plan Leg Flight Plan Leg Map Range Figure 5-2 GPS Navigation Information on the MFD Navigation Page
GPS NAVIGATION NAVIGATION STATUS BOX The Navigation Status Box located at the top of the PFD contains two fields displaying the following information: PFD Navigation Status Box • Active flight plan leg (e.g., ‘D-> KICT’ or ‘KIXD > KCOS’) or flight plan annunciations (e.g.
GPS NAVIGATION 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to display and scroll through the data options list. 5) Select the desired data. 6) Press the ENT Key. Sekecting the DFLTS Softkey returns any field to its default setting. 5.2 USING MAP DISPLAYS Map displays are used extensively in the G1000 to provide situational awareness in flight.
GPS NAVIGATION • North up (NORTH UP) aligns the top of the map display to north (default setting). • Track up (TRK UP) aligns the top of the map display to the current ground track. • Desired track up (DTK UP) aligns the top of the map display to the desired course. • Heading up (HDG UP) aligns the top of the map display to the current aircraft heading.
GPS NAVIGATION Map Group Selection Orientation Field Figure 5-5 Map Setup Menu Window - Map Group 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired orientation. 5) Press the ENT Key to select the new orientation. 6) Press the FMS Knob to return to the base page. MAP RANGE There are 28 different map ranges available, from 500 feet to 2000 nm. The current range is indicated in the lower right corner of the map and represents the top-to-bottom distance covered by the map.
GPS NAVIGATION AUTO ZOOM Auto zoom allows the G1000 to change the map display range to the smallest range clearly showing the active waypoint. Auto zoom can be overridden by adjusting the range with the Joystick, and remains until the active waypoint changes, a terrain or traffic alert occurs, the aircraft takes off, or the manual override times out (timer set on Map Setup Window).
GPS NAVIGATION Auto Zoom: Off, MFD Only, PFD Only, All On Manual Range Override Expiration Time Maximum Look Forward Time Minimum Look Forward Time Figure 5-7 Map Setup Menu Window - Map Group, Auto Zoom Configuring automatic zoom: 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Press the ENT Key. The Map Setup Menu is displayed. 3) Select the ‘Map’ group. 4) Press the ENT Key. 5) Highlight the ‘AUTO ZOOM’ field.
GPS NAVIGATION MAP PANNING Map panning allows the pilot to: • View parts of the map outside the displayed range without adjusting the map range • Highlight and select locations on the map • Review information for a selected airport, NAVAID or user waypoint • Designate locations for use in flight planning • View airspace and airway information When the panning function is selected by pressing the Joystick, the Map Pointer flashes on the map display.
GPS NAVIGATION When the Map Pointer is placed on an object, the name of the object is highlighted (even if the name was not originally displayed on the map). When any map feature or object is selected on the map display, pertinent information is displayed.
GPS NAVIGATION Panning the map: 1) Press the Joystick to display the Map Pointer. 2) Move the Joystick to move the Map Pointer around the map. 3) Press the Joystick to remove the Map Pointer and recenter the map on the aircraft’s current position. Reviewing information for an airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint: 1) Place the Map Pointer on a waypoint. 2) Press the ENT Key to display the Waypoint Information Page for the selected waypoint.
GPS NAVIGATION Viewing airspace information for a special-use or controlled airspace: 1) Place the Map Pointer on an open area within the boundaries of an airspace. 2) Press the ENT Key to display an options menu. 3) ‘Review Airspace?’ should already be highlighted, if not select it. Press the ENT Key to display the Airspace Information Page for the selected airspace. 4) Press the CLR or ENT Key to exit the Airspace Information Page.
GPS NAVIGATION MEASURING BEARING AND DISTANCE Distance and bearing from the aircraft’s present position to any point on the viewable navigation map may be calculated using the ‘Measure Bearing and Distance’ selection from Navigation Map page menu. The bearing and distance tool displays a dashed Measurement Line and a Measure Pointer to aid in graphically identifying points with which to measure.
GPS NAVIGATION TOPOGRAPHY All navigation maps can display various shades of topography colors representing land elevation, similar to aviation sectional charts. Topographic data can be displayed or removed as described in the following procedures.
GPS NAVIGATION TOPO DATA On/Off TOPO DATA Range Figure 5-15 Navigation Map Setup Menu - TOPO DATA Setup The topographic data range is the maximum map range on which topographic data is displayed. NOTE: Since the PFD Inset Map is much smaller than the MFD navigation maps, items are removed on the PFD Inset Map two range levels smaller than the range selected in the Map Setup pages (e.g.
GPS NAVIGATION Maximum Displayed Elevation Minimum Displayed Elevation Aircraft Altitude (MSL) Range of Displayed Elevations Ground Elevation at Pointer Location (only visible when Pointer is displayed) Figure 5-16 Navigation Map - TOPO SCALE Displaying/removing the topographic scale (TOPO SCALE): 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Press the ENT Key. The Map Setup Menu is displayed.
GPS NAVIGATION MAP SYMBOLS This section discusses the types of land and aviation symbols that can be displayed. Each listed type of symbol can be turned on or off, and the maximum range to display each symbol can be set. The decluttering of the symbols from the map using the DCLTR Softkey is also discussed.
GPS NAVIGATION AVIATION SYMBOLS The following items are configured on the aviation menu: Aviation Symbols (Text label size can be None, Small, Medium (Med), or Large (Lrg) Symbol Default Maximum Range (nm) Range (nm) Active Flight Plan Leg (ACTIVE FPL) 2000 2000 Non-active Flight Plan Leg (ACTIVE FPL) 2000 2000 2000 250 150 50 3 Off 15 2000 500 300 100 20 100 30 Non-directional Beacon (NDB WAYPOINT) 15 30 VOR (VOR WAYPOINT) 150 300 Class B Airspace/TMA (CLASS B/TMA) 200 500 Class C Airsp
GPS NAVIGATION SYMBOL SETUP All pages with maps can display land symbols (roads, lakes, borders, etc). Land symbols can be removed totally (turned off). Displaying/removing all land symbols: 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The Page Menu is displayed and the cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Press the ENT Key. The Map Setup Group Menu is displayed and the cursor flashes on the ‘Map’ option. 3) Highlight the ‘LAND DATA’ field. 4) Select ‘On’ or ‘Off.’.
GPS NAVIGATION 7) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected range. 8) Press the FMS Knob to return to the Navigation Map Page.
GPS NAVIGATION MAP DECLUTTER The declutter feature allows the pilot to progressively step through four levels of removing map information. The declutter level is displayed in the DCLTR Softkey and next to the Declutter Menu Option. Declutter Level DCLTR Softkey Navigation Map Page Menu Figure 5-21 Navigation Map - Declutter Level Indications Decluttering the map: Select the DCLTR Softkey with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The current declutter level is shown.
GPS NAVIGATION Table 5-3 lists the items displayed at each declutter level. The ‘X’ represents map items displayed for the various levels of declutter.
GPS NAVIGATION AIRWAYS This airways discussion is based upon the North American airway structure. The airway structure in places other than North America vary by location, etc. and are not discussed in this book. Low Altitude Airways (or Victor Airways) primarily serve smaller piston-engine, propeller-driven airplanes on shorter routes and at lower altitudes. Airways are eight nautical miles wide and start 1,200 feet above ground level (AGL) and extend up to 18,000 feet mean sea level (MSL).
GPS NAVIGATION Airways may be displayed on the map at the pilot’s discretion using either a combination of AIRWAY Softkey presses, or menu selections using the MENU Key from the Navigation Map Page. The Airway range can also be programmed to only display Airways on the MFD when the map range is at or below a specific number. Displaying/removing airways: 1) Select the MAP Softkey. 2) Select the AIRWAYS Softkey. Both High and Low Altitude Airways are displayed.
GPS NAVIGATION The following range items are configurable on the airways menu: Airway Type Symbol Default Maximum Range (nm) Range (nm) 200 500 Low Altitude Airway (LOW ALT AIRWAY) 300 High Altitude Airway (HI ALT AIRWAY) 500 Table 5-4 Airway Range Information TRACK VECTOR The Navigation Map can display a track vector that is useful in minimizing track angle error.
GPS NAVIGATION Wind Vector On/Off Nav Range Ring On/Off Track Vector - On/Off - Look Ahead Time Fuel Range - On/Off - Fuel Reserve Time Figure 5-25 Navigation Map Setup Menu -TRACK VECTOR, WIND VECTOR, NAV RANGE RING, FUEL RANGE RING Setup WIND VECTOR The map displays a wind vector arrow in the upper right-hand portion of the screen. Wind vector information is displayed as a white arrow pointing in the direction in which the wind is moving for wind speeds greater than or equal to 1 kt.
GPS NAVIGATION NAV RANGE RING The Nav Range Ring shows the direction of travel (ground track) on a rotating compass card. The range is determined by the map range. The range is 1/4 of the map range (e.g., 37.5 nm on a 150 nm map). Range (radius) Nav Range Ring Figure 5-27 Navigation Map - Nav Range Ring NOTE: The Nav Range Ring is not displayed on the Waypoint Information pages, Nearest pages, or Direct-to Window map.
GPS NAVIGATION FUEL RANGE RING The map can display a fuel range ring which shows the remaining flight distance. A dashed green circle indicates the selected range to reserve fuel. A solid green circle indicates the total endurance range. If only reserve fuel remains, the range is indicated by a solid yellow circle.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.3 WAYPOINTS Waypoints are predetermined geographical positions (internal database) or pilot-entered positions, and are used for all phases of flight planning and navigation. Communication and navigation frequencies can be tuned “automatically” from various Waypoint Information (WPT) pages, Nearest (NRST) pages, and the Nearest Airports Window (on PFD). This auto-tuning feature simplifies frequency entry over manual tuning. Refer to the CNS and Audio Panel section for details on autotuning.
GPS NAVIGATION Identifier with Duplicates Duplicate Waypoints Duplicate Message Figure 5-30 Waypoint Information Window - Duplicate Identifier AIRPORTS NOTE: ‘North Up’ orientation on the Airport Information Page cannot be changed; the pilot needs to be aware of proper orientation if the Navigation Map orientation is different from the Airport Information Page Map.
GPS NAVIGATION Airport Information - ID/Facility/City - Usage Type/Region - Lat/Long/Elev - Fuel Available - Time Zone (UTC Offset) Navigation Map Showing Selected Airport Runway Information - Designation - Length/Width/Surface - Lighting Available Airport/Runway Diagram COM/NAV Freq. Info.
GPS NAVIGATION The Airport Frequencies Box uses the descriptions and abbreviations listed in the following table: Communication Frequencies Approach * Control Pre-Taxi Arrival * CTA * Radar ASOS Departure * Ramp ATIS Terminal * Gate AWOS Ground TMA * Tower Center Helicopter Class B * Multicom TRSA * Class C * Other Unicom Clearance Navigation Frequencies ILS LOC * May include Additional Information Table 5-5 Airport Frequency Abbreviations A departure, arrival, or approach can be loaded using the softkey
GPS NAVIGATION Continued presses of the ENT Key sequences through the information pages for all airports in the Nearest Airports list.: Airport Information - ID/Type/City - Facility Airport Information - Usage/Time/Elev - Region Airport Information - Lat/Long Figure 5-33 Airport Information Window on PFD The Nearest Airports Page on the MFD is first in the group of NRST pages because of its potential use in the event of an in-flight emergency.
GPS NAVIGATION Nearest Airports - ID/Type - Bearing/Distance Airport Information - Facility/City/Elevation Nearest Airport Runway Information - Designation/Surface - Length/Width Navigation Map Showing Nearest Airport COM/NAV Freq. Info.
GPS NAVIGATION Viewing runway information for a specific airport: 1) With the Nearest Airports Page displayed, select the RNWY Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Select Runway Window’; and press the ENT Key. The cursor is placed in the ‘RUNWAYS’ Box. 2) Select the desired runway. 3) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. See the Audio Panel and CNS Section for frequency selection and the Procedures section for approaches.
GPS NAVIGATION INTERSECTIONS NOTE: The VOR displayed on the Intersection Information Page is the nearest VOR, not necessarily the VOR used to define the intersection. The Intersection Information Page is used to view information about intersections. In addition to displaying a map of the currently selected intersection and surrounding area, the Intersection Information Page displays intersection information in three boxes labeled ‘INTERSECTION’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘NEAREST VOR’.
GPS NAVIGATION The Nearest Intersections Page can be used to quickly find an intersection close to the flight path. In addition to displaying a map of the surrounding area, the page displays information for up to 25 nearest intersections in three boxes labeled ‘NEAREST INT’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘REFERENCE VOR’. The selected intersection is indicated by a white arrow. Up to eleven Intersections are visible at a time. If there are more than can be shown, the list can be scrolled.
GPS NAVIGATION NDBS The NDB Information Page is used to view information about NDBs. In addition to displaying a map of the currently selected NDB and surrounding area, the page displays NDB information in four boxes labeled ‘NDB’, ‘INFORMATION’, ‘FREQUENCY’, and ‘NEAREST AIRPORT.
GPS NAVIGATION The Nearest NDB Page can be used to quickly find a NDB close to the flight path. In addition to displaying a map of the surrounding area, the page displays information for up to 25 nearest NDBs in three boxes labeled ‘NEAREST NDB’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘FREQUENCY’. A white arrow before the NDB identifier indicates the selected NDB. Up to eleven NDBs are visible at a time. If there are more than can be shown, each list can be scrolled. The list only includes waypoints that are within 200nm.
GPS NAVIGATION VORS The VOR Information Page can be used to view information about VOR and ILS signals (since ILS signals can be received on a NAV receiver), or to quickly auto-tune a VOR or ILS frequency. Localizer information cannot be viewed on the VOR Information Page. If a VOR station is combined with a TACAN station it is listed as a VORTAC on the VOR Information Page and if it includes only DME, it’s displayed as VOR-DME.
GPS NAVIGATION The Nearest VOR Page can be used to quickly find a VOR station close to the aircraft. Also, a NAV frequency from a selected VOR station can be loaded from the Nearest VOR Page. In addition to displaying a map of the surrounding area, the Nearest VOR Page displays information for up to 25 nearest VOR stations in three boxes labeled ‘NEAREST VOR’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘FREQUENCY’. The list only includes waypoints that are within 200 nm.
GPS NAVIGATION USER WAYPOINTS The G1000 can create and store up to 1,000 user-defined waypoints. User waypoints can be created from any map page (except PFD Inset Map, AUX-Trip Planning Page, or Procedure Pages) by selecting a position on the map using the Joystick, or from the User Waypoint Information Page by referencing a bearing/distance from an existing waypoint or bearing from two existing waypoints. Once a waypoint has been created, it can be renamed, deleted, or moved.
GPS NAVIGATION CREATING USER WAYPOINTS User waypoints can be created from the User Waypoint Information Page in the following ways: Creating user waypoints from the User Waypoint Information Page: 1) Select the NEW Softkey, or press the MENU Key and select ‘Create New User Waypoint’. 2) Enter a user waypoint name (up to six characters). 3) Press the ENT Key. The current aircraft position is the default location of the new waypoint.
GPS NAVIGATION Creating user waypoints from map pages: 1) Press the Joystick to activate the panning function and pan to the map location of the desired user waypoint. 2) Press the ENT Key. The User Waypoint Information Page is displayed with the captured position.
GPS NAVIGATION 4) Press the ENT Key twice. The new waypoint’s location is saved. 5) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. A system generated comment for a user waypoint incorporates the reference waypoint identifier, bearing, and distance. If a system generated comment has been edited, a new comment can be generated. Resetting the comment field to the system generated comment: 1) Enter a waypoint name or select the waypoint in the User Waypoint List, then press the ENT Key. 2) Press the MENU Key.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.4 AIRSPACES The G1000 can display the following types of airspaces: Class B/TMA, Class C/TCA, Class D, Restricted, MOA (Military), Other Airspace, Air Defense Interdiction Zone (ADIZ), and Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR).
GPS NAVIGATION The Airspace Alerts Box allows the pilot to turn the controlled/special-use airspace message alerts on or off. This does not affect the alerts listed on the Nearest Airspaces Page or the airspace boundaries depicted on the Navigation Map Page. It simply turns on/off the warning provided when the aircraft is approaching or near an airspace. An altitude buffer is also provided which “expands” the vertical range above or below an airspace.
GPS NAVIGATION The Nearest Airspaces Page can be used to quickly find airspaces close to the flight path. In addition, a selected frequency associated with the airspace can be loaded from the Nearest Airspaces Page. In addition to displaying a map of airspace boundaries and surrounding area, the Nearest Airspaces Page displays airspace information in four boxes labeled ‘AIRSPACE ALERTS’, ‘AIRSPACE, AGENCY’, VERTICAL LIMITS’, and ‘FREQUENCIES’.
GPS NAVIGATION Selecting the PFD ALERTS Softkey displays the message window on the PFD. The following airspace alerts are displayed in the message window: Message INSIDE ARSPC – Inside airspace. ARSPC AHEAD – Airspace ahead – less than 10 minutes. ARSPC NEAR – Airspace near and ahead. ARSPC NEAR – Airspace near – less than 2 nm. Comments The aircraft is inside the airspace. Special use airspace is ahead of aircraft. The aircraft penetrates the airspace within 10 minutes.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.5 DIRECT-TO-NAVIGATION The Direct-to method of navigation, initiated by pressing the Direct-to Key on either the MFD or PFD, is quicker to use than a flight plan when the desire is to navigate to a single point such as a nearby airport. Once a direct-to is activated, the G1000 establishes a point-to-point course line from the present position to the selected direct-to destination. Course guidance is provided until the direct-to is replaced with a new direct-to or flight plan, or cancelled.
GPS NAVIGATION Any waypoint can be entered as a direct-to destination from the Direct-to Window. Entering a waypoint identifier, facility name, or city as a direct-to destination: 1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Direct-to Window is displayed (with the active flight plan wayoint as the default selection or a blank waypoint field if no flight plan is active).
GPS NAVIGATION Any NRST, RECENT, or AIRWAY waypoint can be selected as a direct-to destination in the Direct-to Window. Selecting a NRST, RECENT, or AIRWAY waypoint as a direct-to destination: 1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Direct-to Window is displayed (with the active flight plan destination as the default selection or a blank destination if no flight plan is active).
GPS NAVIGATION 5) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed on ‘ACTIVATE?’. 6) Press the ENT Key again to activate the direct-to. Cancelling a Direct-to: 1) Press the Direct-to Key to display the Direct-to Window. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Cancel Direct-To NAV’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. If a flight plan is still active, the G1000 resumes navigating the flight plan along the closest leg.
GPS NAVIGATION A direct-to with altitude constraints creates a descent path (and provides guidance to stay on the path) from the aircraft’s current altitude to the altitude of the direct-to waypoint. The altitude is reached at the waypoint, or at the specified distance along the flight path if an offset distance has been entered. All VNV altitudes prior to the direct-to destination are removed from the active flight plan upon successful activation of the direct-to.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.6 FLIGHT PLANNING Flight planning on the G1000 consists of building a flight plan by entering waypoints one at a time, adding waypoints along airways, and inserting departures, airways, arrivals, or approaches as needed. The G1000 allows flight planning information to be entered from either the MFD or PFD.
GPS NAVIGATION The following could cause the airway update to fail: • Airway identifier, entry waypoint or exit waypoint not found in the new database. • Airway entry/exit waypoint is not an acceptable waypoint for the airway – either the waypoint is no longer on the airway, or there is a new directional restriction that prevents it being used. • Loading the new airway sequence would exceed the capacity of the flight plan.
GPS NAVIGATION Active Flight Plan Comment Active Flight Plan Leg Active Flight Plan Waypoint List - Waypoint ID - Desired Track to Waypoint - Distance to Waypoint - Airway Identifier Figure 5-54 Active Flight Plan Window on PFD Catalog Contents - # Used - # Empty Flight Plan List - Comment Selected Flight Plan Map Selected FPL Info - Departure Waypoint - Destination Waypoint - Total Flight Plan Distance - Enroute Safe Altitude Softkeys Figure 5-55 Flight Plan Catalog Page The active flight plan is li
GPS NAVIGATION 4) Enter the identifier, facility, or city name of the departure waypoint or select a waypoint from the submenu of waypoints and press the ENT Key. The active flight plan is modified as each waypoint is entered. 5) Repeat step numbers 3 and 4 to enter each additional flight plan waypoint. 6) When all waypoints have been entered, press the FMS Knob to remove the cursor. Creating a stored flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key.
GPS NAVIGATION ADDING WAYPOINTS TO AN EXISTING FLIGHT PLAN Waypoints can be added to the active flight plan or any stored flight plan. Choose the flight plan, select the desired point of insertion, enter the waypoint, and it is added in front of the selected waypoint. Flight plans are limited to 99 waypoints (including waypoints within airways and procedures). If the number of waypoints in the flight plan exceeds 99, the message “Flight plan is full. Remove unnecessary waypoints.
GPS NAVIGATION Adding a waypoint to a stored flight plan: 1) On the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Highlight the desired flight plan. 3) Select the EDIT Softkey; or press the ENT Key, turn the large FMS Knob clockwise to select “EDIT” and press the ENT Key. The Stored Flight Plan Page is displayed. 4) Select the point in the flight plan to add the new waypoint. The new waypoint is placed directly in front of the highlighted waypoint.
GPS NAVIGATION Creating and adding user waypoints to the active flight plan: 1) Press the Joystick to activate the panning function on the Active Flight Plan Page and pan to the map location of the desired user waypoint. 2) Select the LD WPT Softkey; or press the MENU Key, select ‘Load Waypoint’, and press the ENT Key. The user waypoint is created with a name of USRxxx (using the next available in sequence) and is added to the end of the active flight plan.
GPS NAVIGATION 5) Turn the FMS Knob to select the desired airway from the list, and press the ENT Key. Low altitude airways are shown first in the list, followed by “all” altitude airways, and then high altitude airways. 6) Turn the FMS Knob to select the desired airway exit point from the list, and press the ENT Key. ‘LOAD?’ is highlighted. 7) Press the ENT Key. The system returns to editing the flight plan with the new airway inserted.
GPS NAVIGATION RESTRICTIONS ON ADDING AIRWAYS Some airways have directional restrictions on all or part of the route. Airway “A2” in Europe has a directional restriction over the whole route such that it can be flown only in the direction MTD-ABB-BNE-DEVAL. Airway “UR975” in North Africa has more complicated directional restrictions within the list of airway waypoints AMANO, VAKOR, LIBRO NELDA, DIRKA, GZO, KOSET, and SARKI: • Starting from AMANO, the airway can be flown only to LIBRO.
GPS NAVIGATION DEPARTURE (DP) A Departure Procedure (DP) is loaded at the departure airport in the flight plan. Only one departure can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route is defined by selection of a departure, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
GPS NAVIGATION Departure Airport Selected Departure Selected Runway Preview of Selected Departure Selected Transition Departure Transition Points Available Selected Departure End Point Figure 5-64 Departure Loading Page - Selecting Transition Inserted Departure Header - Departure Identifier: [departure airport]-[departure runway]. [departure transition]. [departure end point] (e.g., KMKC-ALL.TIFTO2.TIFTO) Figure 5-65 Stored Flight Plan Page - Departure Inserted 190-00552-01 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION ARRIVAL (STAR) A Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) is loaded at the destination airport in the flight plan. Only one arrival can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route is defined by selection of an arrival, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
GPS NAVIGATION Destination Airport Selected Arrival Selected Transition Transitions Available with DBRY1 Arrival Waypoint Sequence Preview of Selected Arrival Figure 5-67 Arrival Loading Page - Selecting the Transition Inserted Arrival Header - Arrival Identifier: [arrival airport]-[arrival transition]. [arrival].[arrival runway] (e.g., KCOS-ALS.DBRY1.ALL) Figure 5-68 Stored Flight Plan Page - Arrival Inserted 190-00552-01 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION APPROACH (APPR) An Approach Procedure (APPR) can be loaded at any airport that has an approach available. Only one approach can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route for a selected approach is defined by designating transition waypoints.
GPS NAVIGATION Destination Airport Selected Approach Approaches Available at KCOS Preview of Selected Approach Approach Waypoint Sequence Figure 5-69 Approach Loading Page - Selecting the Approach Inserted Approach Header - Approach Identifier: [approach airport].[runway and approach type] Figure 5-71 Stored Flight Plan Page - Approach Inserted FLIGHT PLAN STORAGE The G1000 can store up to 99 flight plans, numbered 1 through 99.
GPS NAVIGATION 3) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the desired flight plan. 4) The Flight Plan Information is displayed showing departure, destination, total distance, and enroute safe altitude information for the selected Flight Plan. 5) Select the EDIT Softkey to open the Stored Flight Plan Page and view the waypoints in the flight plan. 6) Press the FMS Knob to exit the Stored Flight Plan Page.
GPS NAVIGATION 3) Highlight ‘Sort By Comment’ and press the ENT Key. A confirmation window is displayed. 4) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to change flight plan ordering. To cancel the request, press the CLR Key, or highlight ‘CANCEL’ and press the ENT Key. ACTIVATE A FLIGHT PLAN Activating a stored flight plan erases the active flight plan and replaces it with the flight plan being activated. Inverting a stored flight plan reverses the waypoint order and activates it.
GPS NAVIGATION DELETE A STORED FLIGHT PLAN Individual or all stored flight plans can be deleted from the G1000 memory. Deleting a stored flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key and turn the small FMS Knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the desired flight plan. 3) Select the DELETE Softkey; press the CLR Key; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Delete Flight Plan’, and press the ENT Key.
GPS NAVIGATION 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor (not required on the PFD) and turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the waypoint to be deleted. 3) Press the CLR Key. The ‘Remove XXXXX?’ window is displayed. 4) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. To cancel the request, press the CLR Key, or highlight ‘CANCEL’ and press the ENT Key. Deleting an entire airway from the active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD).
GPS NAVIGATION Deleting an entire airway from a stored flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob clockwise one click to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 3) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the flight plan to be edited. 4) Select the EDIT Softkey; or press the MENU Key, select ‘Edit Flight Plan’ and press the ENT Key. The Stored Flight Plan Page is displayed.
GPS NAVIGATION CHANGING FLIGHT PLAN COMMENTS (NAMES) The comment field (or name) of each flight plan can be changed to something that is useful for identification and sorting. Changing the active flight plan comment: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the comment field. 3) Use the FMS Knobs to edit the comment. 4) Press the ENT Key to accept the changes.
GPS NAVIGATION Along Track Offset Waypoint and Distance from Flight Plan Waypoint Along Track Offset Waypoint and Distance Figure 5-73 Along Track Offset Entering an along track offset distance: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD). 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor (not required on the PFD) and turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the waypoint for the along track offset.
GPS NAVIGATION PARALLEL TRACK The Parallel Track (PTK) feature allows creation of a parallel course offset of 1 to 50 nm left or right of the current flight plan. When Parallel Track is activated, the course line drawn on the map pages shows the parallel course, and waypoint names have a lower case “p” placed after the identifier. Using direct-to, loading an approach, a holding pattern, or editing and activating the flight plan automatically cancels Parallel Track.
GPS NAVIGATION Offset Direction Offset Distance Activation Prompt Figure 5-75 Parallel Track Window Parallel Track Waypoints - TIFTO-p - TOP-p - SLN-p - HYS-p - LAA-p Activating Parallel Track affects the entire active flight segment (e.g., enroute) Parallel Track Original Track Figure 5-76 Parallel Track Active If the parallel track proposed by the offset direction and distance is not allowed by the system, the activation prompt is displayed, but disabled.
GPS NAVIGATION Approach Leg Active’. If the offset direction and distance results in an unreasonable route geometry the status indicates that the system is unable to activate the parallel track because of invalid geometry.
GPS NAVIGATION ACTIVATING A FLIGHT PLAN LEG The G1000 allows selection of a highlighted leg as the “active leg” (the flight plan leg which is currently used for navigation guidance). Activating a flight plan leg: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD) 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor (not required on the PFD) and turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the destination waypoint for the desired leg.
GPS NAVIGATION New Active Flight Plan Leg Confirmation Window Figure 5-80 Active Flight Plan Page - New Active Leg INVERTING A FLIGHT PLAN Any flight plan may be inverted (reversed) for navigation back to the original departure point. Inverting the active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD) 2) Press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Invert Flight Plan’, and press the ENT Key.
GPS NAVIGATION FLIGHT PLAN VIEWS Information about flight plans can be viewed in more than one way. The active flight plan can be configured to show cumulative distance over the length of the flight plan or the distance for each leg of the flight plan; and the active flight plan can be viewed in a narrow or wide view. In the wide view, additional information is displayed: Fuel Remaining (FUEL REM), Estimated Time Enroute (ETE), Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA), and Bearing to the waypoint (BRG).
GPS NAVIGATION Active Flight Plan Leg to Leg Distance Active Flight Plan Cumulative Distance WIDE Softkey, NARROW Softkey, LEG-LEG Softkey, CUM Softkey Figure 5-82 Active Flight Plan - Wide vs. Narrow View COLLAPSING AIRWAYS The G1000 allows airways on the active flight plan to be collapsed or expanded from the Active Flight Plan Page/Window. When airways have been collapsed, it is indicated on the airway heading.
GPS NAVIGATION Collapsing/expanding the airways in the active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD) 2) Press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Collapse Airways’ or ‘Expand Airways’, and press the ENT Key. The airways are collapsed/expanded.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.7 VERTICAL NAVIGATION NOTE: The G1000 supports vertical navigation for all lateral leg types except for CA, CI, FA, FM, HA, HM, PI, VA, VD, VI, VR, and VM. Vertical constraints are not retained in stored flight plans. The G1000 system Vertical Navigation (VNV) feature provides vertical profile guidance during the enroute and teminal phases of flight. Guidance based on specified altitudes at waypoints in the active flight plan or to a direct-to waypoint is provided.
GPS NAVIGATION Canceling vertical navigation results in vertical deviation (V DEV), vertical speed required (VS REQ), and time to top of descent/bottom of descent (TIME TO TOD/BOD) going invalid. The Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI) and Required Vertical Speed Indicator (RVSI) on the PFD are removed, and the V DEV, VS REQ, and TIME TO TOD items displayed in the CURRENT VNV PROFILE box are dashed. VNV remains disabled until manually enabled.
GPS NAVIGATION 4) Press the ENT Key. Vertical guidance begins to the altitude constraint for the selected waypoint.The vertical navigation profile can be modified by directly entering a vertical speed target (VS TGT) and/or flight path angle (FPA) in the CURRENT VNV PROFILE box. Modifying the VS TGT and FPA: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 2) Select the VNV PROF Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Select VNV Profile Window’, and press the ENT Key.
GPS NAVIGATION White Text Light Blue Text Light Blue Subdued Text Large Altitude calculated by the system Text estimating the altitude of the aircraft as it passes over the navigation point. This altitude is provided as a reference and is not designated to be used in determining vertical speed and deviation guidance. Altitude has been entered manually. Altitude is designated for use in giving vertical speed and deviation guidance.
GPS NAVIGATION An altitude constraint is invalid if: • Meeting the constraint requires the aircraft to climb • Meeting the constraint requires the maximum flight path angle (6° down) or maximum vertical speed (-6000 fpm) to be exceeded • The altitude constraint results in a TOD behind the aircraft present position • The constraint is within a leg type for which altitude constraints are not supported • The altitude constraint is added to the FAF of an approach that provides vertical guidance (i.e.
GPS NAVIGATION Reverting a manually entered altitude constraint back to the navigation database value: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 2) Press the FMS Knob, and turn to highlight the desired waypoint altitude constraint. 3) Press the CLR Key. A ‘Remove or Revert to published VNV altitude of nnnnnFT?’ confirmation window is displayed. 4) Select ‘REVERT’ and press the ENT Key. The altitude is changed to the navigation database value.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.8 PROCEDURES The G1000 can access the whole range of instrument procedures available. Departures (DPs), arrivals (STARs), and non-precision and precision approaches (APPR) are stored within the database and can be loaded using the Procedures (PROC) Key. The selected procedure for the departure or arrival airport is added to the active flight plan.
GPS NAVIGATION Available Procedure Actions Loaded Procedures Departure Airport Departure Preview Departure Choices Figure 5-87 Departure Selection Selected Departure Loaded Departure Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys Figure 5-88 Departure Loading 5-92 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION Viewing available departures at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), select the DP Softkey. The Departure Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport information Page. 2) To select another airport, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, enter an identifier/facility name/city, and press the ENT Key. 3) Press the FMS Knob, then turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Departure.
GPS NAVIGATION ARRIVALS A Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) can be loaded at any airport that has one available. Only one arrival can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. If an arrival is loaded when another arrival is already in the active flight plan, the new arrival replaces the previous arrival. The route is defined by selection of an arrival, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
GPS NAVIGATION Selected Arrival Loaded Arrival Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys Figure 5-90 Arrival Loading Viewing available arrivals at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), select the STAR Softkey. The Arrival Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport Information Page. 2) To select another airport, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, enter an identifier/facility name/city, and press the ENT Key.
GPS NAVIGATION 3) Press the ENT Key. A confirmation window is displayed listing the arrival procedure. 4) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. To cancel the removal request, highlight ‘CANCEL’ and press the ENT Key. Or: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD) 2) Press the FMS Knob, and turn to highlight the arrival header in the active flight plan. 3) Press the CLR Key. A confirmation window is displayed listing the arrival procedure.
GPS NAVIGATION The G1000 WAAS GPS allows for flying LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, and LPV approaches according to the published chart. LNAV+V is a standard LNAV approach with advisory vertical guidance provided for assistance in maintaining a constant vertical glidepath similar to an ILS glideslope on approach. This guidance is displayed on the G1000 PFD in the same location as the ILS glideslope using a magenta diamond. In all cases where LNAV+V is indicated by the system during an approach, LNAV minima are used.
GPS NAVIGATION Available Procedure Actions Loaded Procedures Destination Airport Approach Preview Approach Choices Figure 5-91 Approach Selection Selected Approach Loaded Approach Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys Figure 5-92 Approach Loading Viewing available approaches at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), select the APR Softkey. The Departure Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport information Page.
GPS NAVIGATION 3) Press the FMS Knob, then turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Approach. The approach is previewed on the map. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to view the available approaches. Press the ENT Key to select the approach. The cursor moves to the Runway box. The approach is previewed on the map. 5) Turn the small FMS Knob to view the available runways. Press the ENT Key to select the runway. The cursor moves to the Transition box. The approach is previewed on the map.
GPS NAVIGATION Loading and activating an approach using the MENU Key: 1) From the Approach Loading Page, press the MENU Key. The page menu is displayed with ‘Load & Activate Approach’ highlighted. 2) Press the ENT Key. When GPS is not approved for the selected final approach course, the message ‘NOT APPROVED FOR GPS’ is displayed. GPS provides guidance to the approach, but the HSI must to be switched to a NAV receiver to fly the final course of the approach.
GPS NAVIGATION COURSE TO FIX In a missed approach procedure, the fix immediately following the MAP (in this case ‘6368FT’) is not part of the published procedure. It is simply a fix that defines a leg which guides the aircraft along the runway centerline until the required altitude to make the first turn on the missed approach is exceeded.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.9 TRIP PLANNING The G1000 allows the pilot to view trip planning information, fuel information, and other information for a specified flight plan or flight plan leg based on automatic data, or based on manually entered data. Weight planning is also available, based on fuel sensor data and the active flight plan (to estimate remaining fuel).
GPS NAVIGATION TRIP STATISTICS The trip statistics are calculated based on the selected starting and ending waypoints and the trip planning inputs. In flight plan mode (FPL) with a stored flight plan selected (NN), and the entire flight plan (CUM) selected, the waypoints are the starting and ending waypoints of the selected flight plan. In flight plan mode (FPL) with a stored flight plan selected (NN), and a specific leg (NN) selected, the waypoints are the endpoints of the selected leg.
GPS NAVIGATION FUEL STATISTICS The fuel statistics are calculated based on the selected starting and ending waypoints and the trip planning inputs. Some of the calculated trip statistics are dashed when the selected leg of the active flight plan has already been flown. • Fuel efficiency (EFFICIENCY) - This value is calculated by dividing the current ground speed by the current fuel flow. • Time of fuel endurance (TOTAL ENDUR) - This time is shown as hours:minutes.
GPS NAVIGATION Selected Flight Plan Selected Leg(s) Not Available Not Available Selected Starting and Ending Waypoints Figure 5-96 Trip Planning Page - Waypoint Mode Selecting automatic or manual page mode: Select the AUTO Softkey or the MANUAL Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Auto Mode’ or ‘Manual Mode’, and press the ENT Key.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.10 RAIM PREDICTION RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) is a GPS receiver function that performs a consistency check on all tracked satellites. RAIM ensures that the available satellite geometry allows the receiver to calculate a position within a specified RAIM protection limit (4.0 nm for oceanic, 2.0 nm for enroute, 1.0 nm for terminal, and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches). During oceanic, enroute, and terminal phases of flight, RAIM is available nearly 100% of the time.
GPS NAVIGATION 6) Turn the FMS Knobs to enter an arrival date and press the ENT Key. 7) Press the ENT Key with ‘COMPUTE RAIM?’ highlighted to begin the computation. Predicting RAIM availability at the aircraft present position: 1) Select the AUX-GPS Status Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob. The RAIM Prediction ‘WAYPOINT’ field is highlighted. 3) Press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Set WPT to Present Position’, and press the ENT Key. 4) Press the ENT Key to accept the waypoint entry.
GPS NAVIGATION Enabling/Disabling SBAS: 1) Select the AUX-GPS Status Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob. The SBAS SELECTION ‘WAAS’ field is highlighted. 3) Press the ENT Key to disable SBAS. Press the ENT Key again to enable SBAS. SBAS Status SBAS SELECTION Box - WAAS Enable/Disable SBAS Softkey (displays SBAS Selection) RAIM Softkey (displays RAIM PREDICTION) Figure 5-99 SBAS Display - Disabled 5-108 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.11 NAVIGATING A FLIGHT PLAN The following discussion is an example of navigating a flight plan with the WAAS capable GPS system while the G1000 provides vertical guidance through descents. A lateral flight plan (LNAV) would be navigated in much the same way, but would not include vertical guidance when the final approach course is active. NOTE: The following example flight plan is for instructional purposes only. All database information depicted should be considered not current.
GPS NAVIGATION 3) ATC now assigns routing to join V4. A heading of 290º is assigned to intercept V4. The aircraft turns to heading 290° as seen in Figure 5-101. Figure 5-101 Assigned Heading of 290º 4) Enter V4 into the flight plan. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 5-110 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION b) The desired entry point for V4 (TOP) must be entered. Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired flight plan insertion point (SLN) as shown in Figure 5-102. When the V4 entry point (TOP) is inserted, it is placed immediately above the highlighted waypoint (SLN). Figure 5-102 Begin Adding V4 to the Flight Plan c) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window. Enter the desired entry point for V4, Topeka VOR (TOP), as shown in Figure 5-103.
GPS NAVIGATION d) Press the ENT Key. TOP is inserted into the flight plan as in Figure 5-105. Figure 5-104 TOP Inserted into the Flight Plan e) With SLN still highlighted as in Figure 5-104, turn the small FMS Knob clockwise. The Waypoint Information Page is displayed and the LD AIRWY Softkey is now available. f) Select the LD AIRWY Softkey to display the list of available airways for TOP as seen in Figure 5-106.
GPS NAVIGATION h) Press the ENT Key. The list of available exits for V4 is now displayed as in Figure 5-106. Figure 5-106 List of Available Exits for V4 i) If necessary, turn either FMS Knob to select the desired exit. In this case Salina VOR (SLN) is selected as in Figure 5-106. j) Press the ENT Key. The selected airway and exit are displayed, and the prompt “LOAD?” highlighted as in Figure 5-107. Figure 5-107 Ready to Load V4 k) Press the ENT Key. 190-00552-01 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION l) V4 is now loaded into the flight plan as shown in Figure 5-108. Figure 5-108 V4 is Loaded in the Flight Plan 5) Making V4 the active leg of the flight plan. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. b) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight SLN. The TO waypoint of the leg is selected in order to activate the leg. c) Select the ACT LEG Softkey. The confirmation window is now displayed as in Figure 5-109. Note the TOP to SLN leg is actually part of V4.
GPS NAVIGATION d) Verify the displayed leg is the desired leg and press the ENT Key. Note in Figure 5-110, the magenta arrow in the flight plan window and magenta line on the map indicating V4 is now the active flight plan leg. Note the phase of flight remained in Terminal (TERM) mode up to this point because a departure leg was active. Since a leg after the departure is now active, the current CDI flight phase is ENR (Enroute) and CDI scaling has changed to 2.0 nm.
GPS NAVIGATION 7) As the CDI approaches center, the aircraft turns onto the active leg as seen in Figure 5-111. Figure 5-111 Turn on to Active Leg 8) At SLN, Victor Airway 244 (V244) is intercepted. Turn prompts are displayed in the PFD Navigation Status Box as seen in Figure 5-112. Figure 5-112 Turn to Intercept V244 5-116 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION 9) As seen in Figure 5-113, V244 is now the active flight plan leg. Figure 5-113 V244 Now Active Leg 190-00552-01 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION 10) At Lamar VOR (LAA) V263 is intercepted. See Figure 5-114. Figure 5-114 HYS to LAA Leg Active 11) ATC grants clearance to proceed direct to the OPSHN intersection to begin the arrival procedure. ATC advises to expect an altitude of 10,000 feet at OPSHN. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. b) Turn the large FMS Knob to select OPSHN in the flight plan list. c) Press the Direct-to ( ) Key. The Direct-to Window is now displayed as shown in Figure 5-115.
GPS NAVIGATION d) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the cursor in the VNV altitude field as shown in Figure 5-116. Figure 5-116 Enter VNV Altitude e) An altitude of 10,000 feet is entered as requested by ATC. f) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed in the VNV offset field as shown in Figure 5-117. Figure 5-117 Enter VNV Offset Distance g) Enter the offset, or distance from the waypoint at which to reach the selected altitude. In this case, three miles prior to OPSHN is entered.
GPS NAVIGATION h) Press the ENT Key twice to activate the direct-to. Note, in Figure 5-118, the magenta arrow indicating the directto OPSHN after the offset waypoint for OPSHN. The preceding offset waypoint indicates the offset distance and altitude that were previously entered. The remaining waypoints in the loaded arrival procedure have no database specified altitudes, therefore, dashes are displayed. Keep the CDI centered and maintain a track along the magenta line to OPSHN.
GPS NAVIGATION b) ‘SELECT APPROACH’ should be highlighted as shown in Figure 5-119. Figure 5-119 Proceudures Window c) Press the ENT Key. A list of available approaches for the destination airport is displayed as in Figure 5-120. Figure 5-120 List of Available Approaches d) Turn either FMS Knob to select the LPV approach for 35R as shown in Figure 5-120. 190-00552-01 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION e) Press the ENT Key. A list of available transitions for the selected approach is displayed as in Figure 5-121. Figure 5-121 List of Available Transitions f) Turn either FMS Knob to select the desired transition. In this case, the Initial Approach Fix (IAF) at HABUK is used. g) Press the ENT Key. h) With ‘LOAD?’ highlighted, again press the ENT Key. The selected approach is added to the flight plan as seen in Figure 5-122.
GPS NAVIGATION 13) Note the altitude constraints associated with each of the approach waypoints as seen in Figure 5-123. These altitudes are loaded from the database and are displayed as light blue text, indicating these values are “designated” for use in computing vertical deviation guidance. Note: To no longer use the displayed altitude for calculating vertical deviation guidance, perform the following: a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
GPS NAVIGATION 14) As the aircraft approaches OPSHN, it may be desirable to adjust the speed, or steepness of the upcoming descent. The default Flight Path Angle (FPA) is -3.0 degrees and a required vertical speed is computed to maintain the -3.0 FPA. To change the vertical flight path, perform the following steps. a) Select the VNV PROF Softkey to place the cursor in the target vertical speed field (VS TGT) as shown in Figure 5-124.
GPS NAVIGATION 15) As seen in Figure 5-125, the aircraft is approaching TOD. Note the target vertical speed required to reached the selected altitude. The Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI) and the Required Vertical Speed Indicator (RVSI) are now displayed on the PFD as shown in Figure 5-126.
GPS NAVIGATION 16) Upon reaching TOD, a descent vertical speed is established which places the VSI pointer in line with the RVSI as shown in Figure 5-127. Keep Vertical Deviation Pointer Centered Align Actual Vertical Speed with Required Vertical Speed Figure 5-127 VDI & RVSI Showing Correctly Established Descent 17) When the aircraft is one minute from the bottom of descent (BOD) it is annunciated as shown in Figure 5-128. Upon reaching the offset waypoint for OPSHN, the aircraft is at 10,000 feet.
GPS NAVIGATION 18) The aircraft is approaching OPSHN. The upcoming turn and next heading are annunciated at the top left of the PFD as seen in Figure 5-129. Initiate the turn and maneuver the aircraft on a track through the turn radius to intercept the magenta line for the OPSHN to FSHER leg and center the CDI. Figure 5-129 Turn to intercept OPSHN to FSHER Leg 190-00552-01 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION 19) After passing OPSHN, the next leg of the arrival turns magenta as shown in Figure 5-130. The magenta arrow in the flight plan list now indicates the OPSHN to FSHER leg of the arrival procedure is now active. Figure 5-130 Tracking the OPSHN to FSHER Leg 20) The flight continues through the arrival procedure to PYNON (see Figure 5-131).
GPS NAVIGATION Figure 5-131 Approaching PYNON 190-00552-01 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION 21) Upon passing PYNON the approach procedure automatically becomes active. The approach may be activated at any point to proceed directly to the IAF. In this example, the aircraft has progressed through the final waypoint of the arrival and the flight plan has automatically sequenced to the IAF as the active leg, activating the approach procedure (see Figure 5-132).
GPS NAVIGATION 22) The IAF is the next waypoint. At the TOD, establish a descent vertical speed as previously discussed in Step 16. The aircraft altitude is 9,000 feet upon reaching HABUK. Figure 5-134 Descending Turn to the Initial Approach Fix (IAF) 190-00552-01 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION 23) After crossing FALUR the next waypoint is the FAF. The flight phase changes to LPV on the HSI indicating the current phase of flight is in Approach Mode and the approach type is LPV. CDI scaling changes accordingly and is used much like a localizer when flying an ILS approach. The RVSI is no longer displayed and the VDI changes to the Glidepath Indicator (as shown in Figure 5-135) when the final approach course becomes active.
GPS NAVIGATION 24) After crossing CEGIX, the aircraft continues following the glidepath to maintain the descent to “AT or ABOVE” 6,370 feet at the Missed Approach Point (MAP) (RW35R) as seen in Figure 5-136. Figure 5-136 Descending to the Missed Approach Point In this missed approach procedure, the fix immediately following the MAP (in this case ‘6368FT’) is not part of the published procedure.
GPS NAVIGATION 25) Upon reaching the MAP, it is decided to execute a missed approach. Automatic waypoint sequencing is suspended past the MAP. Select the SUSP Softkey on the PFD to resume automatic waypoint sequencing through the missed approach procedure. A direct-to is initiated to MOGAL, which is the Missed Approach Hold Point (MAHP) as seen in Figure 5-137. The aircraft is climbing to 10,000 feet. The CDI flight phase now changes from LPV to MAPR as seen on the HSI.
GPS NAVIGATION 26) The aircraft continues climbing to “AT or ABOVE” 10,000 feet at MOGAL. A holding pattern is established at the MAHP (MOGAL) as shown in Figure 5-138. Figure 5-138 Establishing the Holding Pattern 27) The aircraft maintains 10,000 feet while following the magenta line through the hold as in Figure 5-139. Figure 5-139 Hold Established 190-00552-01 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.12 ABNORMAL OPERATION This section discusses the Dead Reckoning mode of operation and the subsequent indications. NOTE: Dead Reckoning Mode only functions in Enroute (ENR) or Oceanic (OCN) phase of flight. In all other phases, an invalid GPS solution produces a “NO GPS POSITION” annunciation on the map and the G1000 stops using GPS.
GPS NAVIGATION Distance & Bearing Dead Reckoning Annunciaion Wind Data GPS Navigation Lost Message Track Bug (if shown) Bearing Pointer/ Distance Navigation Data Bar Wind Data All data except Active Leg, TAS, and DTK are in yellow Dead Reckoning Annunciation Subdued Aircraft Symbol Figure 5-140 Dead Reckoning Mode - GPS Derived Data Shown in Yellow NOTE: The Inset Map is removed from the PFD any time aircraft pitch is greater than +30° or less than –20°, or when a 65° bank angle is reached.
GPS NAVIGATION BLANK PAGE 5-138 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SECTION 6 HAZARD AVOIDANCE The G1000 hazard avoidance features are designed to provide advisory information of potential hazards to flight safety associated with weather, terrain, and air traffic.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.1 XM SATELLITE WEATHER (OPTIONAL) NOTE: XM Satellite Weather data provides information for avoiding hazardous weather. It is not meant for use to penetrate hazardous weather. XM Satellite Weather is provided through the GDL 69A, a remote-mounted data-link satellite receiver. Received graphical weather information and associated text is displayed on the Multi Function Display (MFD) and the Primary Flight Display (PFD) Inset Map.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Audio Radio ID (for XM Satellite Radio) Data Radio ID (for XM Weather) Weather Products (Available Products for Service Class Indicated in Green) INFO Softkey Displays XM Information Page Figure 6-2 XM Information Page 190-00552-01 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE USING XM SATELLITE WEATHER PRODUCTS The primary map for viewing XM Weather data is the Weather Data Link Page in the Map Page Group. This is the only G1000 map display capable of showing information for all available XM weather products. Viewing the Weather Data Link Page: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Weather Data Link Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE This table shows the weather product symbols, the expiration time and the refresh rate. The refresh rate represents the interval at which XM Satellite Radio broadcasts new signals that may or may not contain new weather data. It does not represent the rate at which weather data is updated or new content is received by the Data Link Receiver. Weather data is refreshed at intervals that are defined and controlled by XM Satellite Radio and its data vendors.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Cloud Top (CLD TOP) + Echo Top (ECHO TOP) + Flight Plan Pages + Nearest Page Group + AUX - Trip Planning Page + Weather Information Page Weather Data Link Page NEXRAD Navigation Map Page Weather Product PFD Inset Map This table shows which XM products can be displayed (indicated with a ‘+’ symbol) on specific maps.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE WEATHER SOFTKEYS ON THE WEATHER DATA LINK PAGE Softkeys control the display of weather information on most MFD pages and the PFD Inset Map (The figure shows the weather product softkeys for the Weather Data Link Page). When a weather product is selected for display, the corresponding softkey label changes to gray to indicate the product is enabled. Unavailable weather products have subdued softkey labels (softkeys are disabled from selection).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Setting up and customizing the Weather Data Link Page: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With Weather Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-5). 4) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll though product selections (Figure 6-6). 5) Turn the small FMS Knob to scroll though options for each product (ON/OFF, range settings, etc.). 6) Press the ENT Key to select an option.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Maps other than the Weather Data Link Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page. Setting up and customizing weather data for the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-7). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Weather Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-8). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll though product selections (Figure 6-9).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Each active weather product has an associated legend which can be displayed on the Weather Data Link Page. Weather product legends are not interchangeable. Viewing legends for displayed weather products 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the LEGEND Softkey to display the legends for the displayed weather products. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Select Weather Legend and press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEXRAD NOTE: NEXRAD cannot be displayed at the same time as map topography and/or terrain. WSR-88D, or NEXRAD (NEXt-generation RADar), is a network of 158 high-resolution Doppler radar systems that are operated by the National Weather Service (NWS). NEXRAD data provides centralized meteorological information for the continental United States and selected overseas locations. The maximum range of a single NEXRAD radar site is 250 nm.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying NEXRAD weather information: 1) Select the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, select the INSET Softkey). This step is not necessary on the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Select the NEXRAD Softkey. Composite data from all the NEXRAD radar sites in the United States is shown. This data is composed of the maximum reflectivity from the individual radar sweeps. The display of the information is color-coded to indicate the weather severity level.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE REFLECTIVITY Reflectivity is the amount of transmitted power returned to the radar receiver. Colors on the NEXRAD display directly correlate to the level of detected reflectivity. Reflectivity as it relates to hazardous weather can be very complex. The role of radar is essentially to detect moisture in the atmosphere. Simply put, certain types of weather reflect radar better than others. The intensity of a radar reflection is not necessarily an indication of the weather hazard level.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The following may cause abnormalities in displayed NEXRAD radar images: • Ground clutter • Strobes and spurious radar data • Sun strobes (when the radar antenna points directly at the sun) • Interference from buildings or mountains, which may cause shadows • Metallic dust from military aircraft, which can cause alterations in radar scans ECHO TOPS NOTE: Display of Echo Tops is mutually exclusive with Cloud Tops and NEXRAD.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying Echo Tops information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the ECHO TOPS Softkey. To display the Echo Tops legend, select the LEGEND Softkey when Echo Tops is selected for display. Since Echo Tops and Cloud Tops use the same color scaling to represent altitude, display of these weather products is mutually exclusive. When Echo Tops is activated, NEXRAD and Cloud Tops data are removed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE CLOUD TOPS NOTE: Cloud Tops and Echo Tops cannot be displayed at the same time. Cloud Tops data depicts cloud top altitudes as determined from satellite imagery. Figure 6-16 Cloud Tops Data Displaying Cloud Tops information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the CLOUD TOPS Softkey. To display the Cloud Tops legend, select the LEGEND Softkey when Cloud Tops is selected for display.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE XM LIGHTNING Lightning data shows the approximate location of cloud-to-ground lightning strikes. A strike icon represents a strike that has occurred within a two-kilometer region. The exact location of the lightning strike is not displayed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE CELL MOVEMENT Cell Movement data shows the location and movement of storm cells as identified by the ground-based system. Cells are represented by yellow squares, with direction of movement indicated with short, orange arrows. Storm Cells Figure 6-20 Cell Movement Data On most applicable maps, Cell Movement data is selected for display along with NEXRAD. On the Weather Data Link Page, Cell Movement data can be selected independently.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SIGMETS AND AIRMETS SIGMETs (SIGnificant METeorological Information) and AIRMETs (AIRmen’s METeorological Information) are broadcast for potentially hazardous weather considered of extreme importance to all aircraft. A Convective SIGMET is issued for hazardous convective weather. A localized SIGMET is a significant weather condition occurring at a localized geographical position.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE METARS AND TAFS NOTE: Atmospheric pressure reported for METARs is given in hectopascals (hPa), except in the United States, where it is reported in inches of mercury (in Hg). Temperatures are reported in Celsius. NOTE: METAR information is only displayed within the installed aviation database service area. METAR (METeorological Aerodrome Report) is the standard format for weather briefings. METARs are updated hourly and are considered current.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 4) Use the FMS Knob or the ENT Key to scroll through the METAR and TAF text. METAR text is placed ahead of the TAF text. 5) Press the FMS Knob or the CLR Key to return to the Weather Data Link Page. Or: 1) Select the Weather Information Page. (The first rectangular page in the Waypoint Page Group.) 2) Select the WX Softkey to select the Weather Information Page. 3) Press the FMS Knob to display the cursor. 4) Using the FMS Knob, enter the desired airport and press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SURFACE ANALYSIS AND CITY FORECAST NOTE: Surface Analysis and City Forecast data are displayed only within the installed Aviation Database service area. Surface Analysis and City Forecast information is available for current and forecast weather conditions. Forecasts are available for intervals of 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours. Figure 6-27 Surface Analysis Data - 36-Hour 6-22 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying Surface Analysis and City Forecast information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the SFC Softkey. 4) Select the forecast time: CURRENT, 12 HR, 24 HR, 36 HR, or 48 HR. The SFC Softkey label changes to reflect the forecast time selected. To display the Surface Analysis and City Forecast legend, select the LEGEND Softkey when Surface Analysis and City Forecast are selected for display.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE FREEZING LEVEL Freezing Level data shows the color-coded contour lines for the altitude and location at which the first isotherm is found. When no data is displayed for a given altitude, the data for that altitude has not been received, or is out of date and has been removed from the display. New data appears at the next update. Figure 6-29 Freeze Level Data Displaying Freezing Level information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE WINDS ALOFT Winds Aloft data shows the forecast wind speed and direction at the surface and at selected altitudes. Altitude can be displayed in 3000-foot increments up to 42,000 feet MSL. Displaying Winds Aloft data: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the WIND Softkey. 4) Select the desired altitude level: SFC (surface) up to 42,000 feet. Select the NEXT or PREV Softkey to cycle through the altitude softkeys.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE COUNTY WARNINGS County data provides specific public awareness and protection weather warnings from the National Weather Service (NWS). This can include information on fires, tornadoes, severe thunderstorms, flood conditions, and other natural disasters. Flood Warnings Figure 6-33 County Flood Warnings Displaying County Warning information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the COUNTY Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE CYCLONE The Cyclone weather product shows the current location of cyclones (hurricanes) and their projected tracks. Figure 6-35 Cyclone Data Selected for Display Displaying cyclone (hurricane) track information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the CYCLONE Softkey. To display the Cyclone legend, select the LEGEND Softkey when Cyclones are selected to be displayed. Figure 6-36 Cyclone Legend 190-00552-01 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.2 TERRAIN AWARENESS & WARNING SYSTEM (TAWS) NOTE: The data contained in the TAWS databases comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately processes and cross-validates the data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data. The Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS) is an optional feature to increase situational awareness and aid in reducing controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE DISPLAYING TAWS DATA TAWS uses yellow (caution) and red (warning) to depict terrain and obstacles with heights greater than 200 feet above ground level, AGL. Alerts are given relative to aircraft altitude. Colors are adjusted automatically as the aircraft altitude changes. The colors and symbols shown in the figure and table below are used to represent terrain, obstacles, and potential impact points.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Terrain data can be selected for display independently of obstacle data; however, obstacles for which warnings and cautions are issued are shown when terrain is selected for display and the map range is within the setting limit. Maps other than the TAWS Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page. The maximum display ranges for obstacles on each map are dependent on the range setting made for the Navigation Map.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS PAGE The TAWS Page is specialized to show terrain, obstacle, and potential impact point data in relation to the aircraft’s current altitude, without clutter from the basemap. Aviation data (airports, VORs, and other NAVAIDs) can be displayed for reference. If an obstacle and the projected flight path of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically zooms in to the closest potential point of impact on the TAWS Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Red Terrain (Warning - Terrain Above or Within 100’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Map Range Yellow Terrain (Caution - Terrain Between 100’ and 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Black Terrain (No Danger - Terrain More than 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Terrain Legend Figure 6-41 TAWS Page, 360º View Red Terrain (Warning - Terrain Above or Within 100’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Map Range Black Terrain (Terrain More than 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Yellow Terrain (Caution -
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS ALERTS Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within TAWS software algorithms. TAWS alerts typically employ a CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level, or both. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed and aural alerts are simultaneously issued. Table 6-4 shows TAWS alert types with corresponding annunciations and aural messages. When an alert is issued, annunciations appear on the PFD and MFD.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Potential Impact Point Alert Annunciation Figure 6-45 TAWS PULL UP Alert Annunciation on the MFD 6-34 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS INHIBIT PDA and FLTA aural and visual alerts can be manually inhibited. Use caution when inhibiting TAWS as the system should be enabled when appropriate. When TAWS is inhibited, the alert annunciation TAWS INHB is shown on the PFD and MFD. Figure 6-46 TAWS Alerting Disabled (TAWS Inhibited) Annunciation Inhibiting/enabling TAWS alerting: 1) Select the TAWS Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) Select Inhibit TAWS or Enable TAWS, dependending on the current state, and press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Alert Type PFD/MFD Alert Annunciation MFD Pop-Up Alert Aural Message Excessive Descent Rate Warning (EDR) “Pull Up” * Reduced Required Terrain Clearance Warning (RTC) or Imminent Terrain Impact Warning (ITI) or or Imminent Obstacle Impact Warning (IOI) or Reduced Required Terrain Clearance Caution (RTC) “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead”* or “Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain” * “Terrain Ahead; Terrain Ahead”* or “Caution, Terrain; Caution, Terrain” * “Obstacle Ahead; Obstac
HAZARD AVOIDANCE PFD/MFD Alert Annunciation Alert Type MFD Pop-Up Alert Aural Message Table 6-4 TAWS Alerts Summary EXCESSIVE DESCENT RATE ALERT The purpose of the Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) alert is to provide suitable notification when the aircraft is determined to be closing (descending) upon terrain at an excessive speed. The following figure shows the parameters for the alert as defined by TSO-C151b.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE FORWARD LOOKING TERRAIN AVOIDANCE The Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance (FLTA) alert is used by TAWS and is composed of: • REDUCED REQUIRED TERRAIN CLEARANCE AND REDUCED REQUIRED OBSTACLE CLEARANCE Reduced Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) and Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) alerts are issued when the aircraft flight path is above terrain, yet is projected to come within the minimum clearance values.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE PREMATURE DESCENT ALERTING A Premature Descent Alert (PDA) is issued when the system detects that the aircraft is significantly below the normal approach path to a runway. PDA alerting begins when the aircraft is within 15 nm of the destination airport and ends when the aircraft is either 0.5 nm from the runway threshold or is at an altitude of 125 feet AGL while within 1.0 nm of the threshold.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEGATIVE CLIMB RATE AFTER TAKEOFF ALERT (NCR) The Negative Climb Rate (NCR) After Takeoff alert (also referred to as “Altitude Loss After Takeoff”) provides alerts when the system determines the aircraft is losing altitude (closing upon terrain) after takeoff. The aural message “Don’t Sink” is given for NCR alerts, accompanied by an annunciation and a pop-up terrain alert on the display.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM STATUS During G1000 power-up, TAWS conducts a self-test of its aural and visual annunciations. The system test can also be manually initiated. An aural alert is issued at test completion. TAWS System Testing is disabled when ground speed exceeds 30 knots.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.3 TRAFFIC INFORMATION SERVICE (TIS) Warning: The Traffic Information Service (TIS) is intended for advisory use only. TIS is intended to help the pilot locate traffic visually. It is the responsibility of the pilot to see and maneuver to avoid traffic. NOTE: TIS is available only when the aircraft is within the service volume of a TIS-capable terminal radar site. Aircraft without an operating transponder are invisible to both Traffic Advisory Systems (TAS) and TIS.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE A Non-threat Advisory, shown as an open white diamond, indicates that an intruding aircraft is at greater than ±1200 feet relative altitude or the distance is beyond 5 nm. A Proximity Advisory indicates that the intruding aircraft is within ±1200 feet and is within 5nm range, but is still not considered a threat. A Traffic Advisory (TA) alerts the crew to a potentially hazardous intruding aircraft. Closing rate, distance, and vertical separation meet TA criteria.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE DISPLAYING TRAFFIC DATA Traffic information can be displayed on the following maps when TIS is operating: • PFD Inset Map • Trip Planning Page • Navigation Map Page • Nearest Pages • Traffic Map Page • Active Flight Plan Page • VOR Information Page Displaying traffic information (maps other than the Traffic Map Page): 1) Select the MAP Softkey (select the INSET Softkey for the PFD Inset Map). 2) Select the TRAFFIC Softkey to display traffic.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Customizing traffic display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-53). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-54). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll though product selections (Figure 6-55).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TRAFFIC MAP PAGE The Traffic Map Page is specialized to show surrounding TIS traffic data in relation to the aircraft’s current position and altitude, without clutter from the basemap. Aircraft orientation on this map is always heading up unless there is no valid heading. Map range is adjustable with the Joystick from 2 to 12 nm, as indicated by the map range rings. The traffic mode is annunciated in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TIS ALERTS When the number of TAs on the Traffic Map Page increases from one scan to the next, the following occur: • A single “Traffic” voice alert is generated. • A TRAFFIC Annunciation appears to the top left of the Attitude Indicator on the PFD, flashing for 5 seconds and remaining displayed until no TAs are detected in the area. • The PFD Inset Map is automatically displayed with traffic.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Muting the “Traffic Not Available” voice alert: 1) Select the Traffic Map Page. 2) Select the TNA MUTE Softkey. The status is displayed in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Select “Not Available” Mute On (shown if TNA muting is currently off). 3) Press the ENT Key. SYSTEM STATUS The G1000 performs an automatic test of TIS during power-up. If TIS passes the test, TIS enters Standby Mode on the ground or Operating Mode in the air.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE System Test Failed No Data Received from Transponder Figure 6-58 TIS Power-up Test Failure The traffic mode is annunciated in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page. When the aircraft is on the ground, TIS automatically enters Standby Mode. If traffic is selected for display on another map while Standby Mode is selected, the traffic display enabled icon is crossed out (also the case when TIS has failed).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Switching between TIS modes: 1) Select the Traffic Map Page. 2) Select the STANDBY or OPERATE Softkey to switch between modes. The mode is displayed in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Select Operate Mode or Standby Mode whether airborne or on the ground. 3) Press the ENT Key. The annunciations indicate the status of traffic information appear in a banner at the lower left corner of maps on which traffic can be displayed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.4 RYAN 9900BX TRAFFIC ADVISORY SYSTEMS (TAS) (OPTIONAL) NOTE: TIS is disabled when Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is installed. Refer to the Ryan 9900BX Pilot’s Guide for a detailed discussion of the Ryan 9900BX Traffic Advisory System. The type of traffic systems that is installed is determined by the Traffic Page softkeys. Figure 6-59 TAS Traffic Softkeys TAS SYMBOLOGY Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is designed to help in detection and avoidance of other aircraft.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE OPERATION The unit must be in operating mode for traffic to be displayed. The ability to switch from standby to operating mode on the ground is especially useful for scanning the airspace around the airport before takeoff. Switching from standby mode to operating mode: 1) On the Traffic Page, select the OPERATE Softkey or press the MENU Key and turn the small FMS knob to select Operating Mode. 2) If using the FMS menu, press the ENT Key to place the 9900BX in the operating mode.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE DISPLAYING TRAFFIC DATA Traffic information can be displayed on the following maps when the 9900BX-series unit is operating: • PFD Inset Map • Trip Planning Page • Navigation Map Page • Nearest Pages • Traffic Map Page • Active Flight Plan Page • VOR Information Page Displaying traffic information (maps other than the Traffic Map Page): 1) Select the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, select the INSET Softkey). 3) Select the TRAFFIC Softkey to display terrain and obstacle data.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE ALTITUDE DISPLAY Changing the altitude display mode: 1) On the Traffic Page, select the ALT MODE Softkey. 2) Select one of the following Softkeys: • BELOW • NORMAL • ABOVE • UNREST (unrestricted) 3) To return to the Traffic Page, select the BACK Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select one of the following: • BELOW • NORMAL • ABOVE • UNREST (unrestricted) 3) Select the ENT Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Customizing the traffic display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-62). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-63). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll though the selections (Figure 6-64).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAS ALERTS NOTE: Refer to the TAS600 documentation for information on alerts generated by the TAS equipment. When the number of TAs on the Traffic Map Page increases from one scan to the next, the following occur: • A TRAFFIC Annunciation appears at the top right of the airspeed on the PFD, flashing for 5 seconds and remaining displayed until no TAs are detected in the area. • The PFD Inset Map is automatically displayed with TA traffic.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM STATUS NOTE: Refer to the TAS600 documentation for information on the self-test and operating modes. The traffic mode is annunciated in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The annunciations to indicate the status of traffic information appear in a banner at the lower left corner of maps on which traffic can be displayed. Traffic Status Banner Annunciation TA OFF SCALE* TA X.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SECTION 7 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM NOTE: The approved Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) always supersedes the information in this Pilot’s Guide. NOTE: A failure of the primary (#1) Integrated Avionics Unit (IAU) results in loss of the flight director. Any IAU failure results in loss of the autopilot and manual electric trim. The GFC 700 is a digital Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS), fully integrated within the G1000 System avionics architecture.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.1 AFCS CONTROLS The following dedicated AFCS keys are located on the bezel of the MFD: AP Key 2 FD Key 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 NAV Key ALT Key VS Key FLC Key HDG Key APR Key Engages/disengages the autopilot Activates/deactivates the flight director only Pressing once turns on the flight director in the default pitch and roll modes. Pressing again deactivates the flight director and removes the Command Bars. If the autopilot is engaged, the key is disabled.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM The following AFCS controls are located in the cockpit separately from the MFD: Disengages the autopilot and interrupts pitch trim operation AP DISC Switch (Autopilot Disconnect) The AP DISC Switch is located on the control stick. This switch may be used to acknowledge an autopilot disconnect alert and mute the associated aural tone.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.2 FLIGHT DIRECTOR OPERATION The flight director function provides pitch and roll commands to the AFCS and displays them on the PFD. With the flight director activated, the aircraft can be hand-flown to follow the path shown by the Command Bars. Maximum commanded pitch (+20°/-15°) and roll (22°) angles, vertical acceleration, and roll rate are limited to values established during AFCS certification. The flight director also provides commands to the autopilot.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM AFCS STATUS BOX Flight director mode annunciations are displayed on the PFD when the flight director is active. Autopilot status is displayed in the center of the AFCS Status Box. Lateral flight director modes are displayed on the left and vertical on the right. Armed modes are displayed in white and active in green.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM COMMAND BARS Upon activation of the flight director, Command Bars are displayed on the PFD as a single magenta cue. The Command Bars move together vertically to indicate pitch commands, and bank left or right to indicate roll commands. The Command Bars do not override the aircraft symbol. If the attitude information sent to the flight director becomes invalid or unavailable, the Command Bars are removed from the display.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.3 VERTICAL MODES Table 7-2 lists the vertical modes with their corresponding controls and annunciations. The mode reference is displayed next to the active mode annunciation for Altitude Hold, Vertical Speed, and Flight Level Change modes. The NOSE UP/NOSE DN Keys can be used to change the vertical mode reference while operating under Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, or Flight Level Change Mode.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM PITCH HOLD MODE (PIT) When the flight director is activated (the FD Key is pressed), Pitch Hold Mode is selected by default. Pitch Hold Mode is indicated as the active pitch mode by the green annunciation ‘PIT’. This mode may be used for climb or descent to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter), since Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed when Pitch Hold Mode is activated.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SELECTED ALTITUDE CAPTURE MODE (ALTS) Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed with activation of the following modes: • Pitch Hold • Go Around • Vertical Speed • Vertical Path Tracking (if the Selected Altitude is to be captured instead of the VNV Target Altitude) • Flight Level Change The white ‘ALTS’ annunciation indicates Selected Altitude Capture Mode is armed (see Figure 7-5 for example).
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM ALTITUDE HOLD MODE (ALT) Altitude Hold Mode can be activated by pressing the ALT Key; the flight director maintains the current aircraft altitude (to the nearest 10 feet) as the Altitude Reference. The flight director’s Altitude Reference, shown in the AFCS Status Box, is independent of the Selected Altitude, displayed above the Altimeter. Altitude Hold Mode active is indicated by a green ‘ALT’ annunciation in the AFCS Status Box.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM VERTICAL SPEED MODE (VS) Vertical Speed Mode is activated by pressing the VS Key. The annunciation ‘VS’ appears in the active pitch mode field, along with the Vertical Speed Reference to the right; the Vertical Speed Reference is also displayed above or below the Vertical Speed Indicator, depending on whether the aircraft is climbing or descending.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLIGHT LEVEL CHANGE MODE (FLC) NOTE: The Selected Altitude should be set before engaging Flight Level Change Mode. Flight Level Change Mode is selected by pressing the FLC Key. This mode acquires and maintains the Airspeed Reference while climbing or descending to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter). When Flight Level Change Mode is active, the flight director continuously monitors Selected Altitude, airspeed, and altitude.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Flight Level Change Mode Active Airspeed Reference Selected Altitude Capture Mode Armed Airspeed Reference Airspeed Reference Bug Figure 7-9 Flight Level Change Mode 190-00552-01 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM VERTICAL NAVIGATION MODES (VPTH, ALTV) NOTE: VNV is disabled when parallel track or dead reckoning mode is active. NOTE: The Selected Altitude takes precedence over any other vertical constraints. Vertical Navigation (VNV) flight control is available for enroute/terminal cruise and descent operations any time that VNV flight planning is available. Refer to the GPS Navigation Section for more information on VNV flight plans.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Prior to descent path interception, the Selected Altitude must be set below the current aircraft altitude by at least 75 feet.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM When a descent leg is captured (i.e., vertical deviation becomes valid), Vertical Path Tracking becomes active and tracks the descent profile (Figure 7-12). An altitude capture mode (‘ALTS’ or ‘ALTV’) is armed as appropriate.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM AUTOMATIC REVERSION TO PITCH HOLD MODE Several situations can occur while Vertical Path Tracking Mode is active which cause the flight director to revert to Pitch Hold Mode: • Vertical deviation exceeds 200 feet during an overspeed condition. • Vertical deviation experiences a discontinuity that both exceeds 200 feet in magnitude and results in the vertical deviation exceeding 200 feet in magnitude.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM VNV TARGET ALTITUDE CAPTURE MODE (ALTV) NOTE: Armed VNV Target Altitude and Selected Altitude capture modes are mutually exclusive. However, Selected Altitude Capture Mode is armed implicitly (not annunciated) whenever VNV Target Altitude Capture Mode is armed. VNV Target Altitude Capture is analogous to Selected Altitude Capture Mode and is armed automatically after the VNV Key is pressed and the next VNV Target Altitude is to be intercepted before the Selected Altitude.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM GLIDEPATH MODE (GP) (WAAS ONLY) NOTE: Pressing the CWS Button while Glidepath Mode is active does not cancel the mode. The autopilot guides the aircraft back to the glidepath upon release of the CWS Button. Glidepath Mode is available only in installations with GIA 63W IAUs when WAAS is available. Glidepath Mode is used to track the WAAS-based glidepath. When Glidepath Mode is armed, ‘GP’ is annunciated in white in the AFCS Status Box.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM GLIDESLOPE MODE (GS) NOTE: Pressing the CWS Button while Glideslope Mode is active does not cancel the mode. The autopilot guides the aircraft back to the glideslope upon release of the CWS Button. Glideslope Mode is available for LOC/ILS approaches to capture and track the glideslope. When Glideslope Mode is armed (annunciated as ‘GS’ in white), LOC Approach Mode is armed as the lateral flight director mode.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM GO AROUND (GA) MODE Pushing the GA Switch engages the flight director in a wings-level, pitch-up attitude, allowing the execution of a missed approach or a go around. This mode is a coupled pitch and roll mode and is annunciated as ‘GA’ in both the active pitch and roll mode fields. Go Around Mode disengages the autopilot and arms Selected Altitude Capture Mode automatically. Subsequent autopilot engagement is allowed. Attempts to modify the aircraft attitude (i.e.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.4 LATERAL MODES The GFC 700 offers the lateral modes listed in Table 7-3.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM ROLL HOLD MODE (ROL) NOTE: If Roll Hold Mode is activated as a result of a mode reversion, the flight director rolls the wings level. When the flight director is activated, Roll Hold Mode is selected by default. This mode is annunciated as ‘ROL’ in the AFCS Status Box. The current aircraft bank angle is held, subject to the bank angle conditions listed in Table 7-4.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM HEADING SELECT MODE (HDG) Heading Select Mode is activated by pressing the HDG Key. Heading Select Mode acquires and maintains the Selected Heading. The Selected Heading is shown by a light blue bug on the HSI and in the box to the upper left of the HSI. CHANGING THE SELECTED HEADING NOTE: Pressing the HDG Knob synchronize the Selected Heading to the current heading. The Selected Heading is adjusted using the HDG Knob.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM NAVIGATION MODE (GPS, VOR, LOC, BC) NOTE: The selected navigation receiver must have a valid VOR or LOC signal or active GPS course for the flight director to enter Navigation Mode. NOTE: When intercepting a flight plan leg, the flight director gives commands to capture the active leg at approximately a 45° angle to the track between the waypoints defining the active leg. The flight director does not give commands fly to the starting waypoint of the active leg.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM CHANGING THE SELECTED COURSE The Selected Course is controlled using the CRS Knob (while in VOR, LOC, or OBS Mode). Pressing the CWS Button and hand-flying the aircraft does not change the Selected Course while in Navigation Mode. The autopilot guides the aircraft back to the Selected Course (or GPS flight plan) when the CWS Button is released.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM APPROACH MODE (GPS, VAPP, LOC) NOTE: The selected navigation receiver must have a valid VOR or LOC signal or active GPS course for the flight director to enter Approach Mode. Approach Mode is activated when the APR Key is pressed. Approach Mode acquires and tracks the selected navigation source (GPS, VOR, or LOC), depending on loaded approach. This mode uses the selected navigation receiver deviation and desired course inputs to fly the approach.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM LOC Approach Mode allows the autopilot to fly a LOC/ILS approach with a glideslope. When LOC Approach Mode is armed, Glideslope Mode is also armed automatically. LOC captures are inhibited if the difference between aircraft heading and localizer course exceeds 105°. Selecting LOC Approach Mode: 1) Ensure a valid localizer frequency is tuned. 2) Ensure that LOC is the selected navigation source (use the CDI Softkey to cycle through navigation sources if necessary).
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.5 AUTOPILOT OPERATION NOTE: Refer to the AFM for specific instructions regarding emergency procedures. The autopilot operates flight control surface servos to provide automatic flight control. Pitch and roll commands are provided to the servos, based on the active flight director modes. The autopilot uses pitch and roll rates to stabilize the aircraft attitude during upsets and flight director maneuvers.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM CONTROL WHEEL STEERING During autopilot operation, the aircraft may be hand-flown without disengaging the autopilot. Pressing and holding the CWS Button disengages the pitch and roll servos from the flight control surfaces and allows the aircraft to be hand-flown. At the same time, the flight director is synchronized to the aircraft attitude during the maneuver. The ‘AP’ annunciation is temporarily replaced by ‘CWS’ in white for the duration of CWS maneuvers.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.6 EXAMPLE PROCEDURES NOTE: The following example flight plan and diagrams (not to be used for navigation) in this section are for instructional purposes only and should be considered not current. Numbered portions of accompanying diagrams correspond to numbered procedure steps. This section provides a scenario-based set of procedures showing various GFC 700 AFCS modes used during a flight. In this scenario, the aircraft departs Charles B.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM DEPARTURE Climbing to the Selected Altitude and flying an assigned heading: 1) Before takeoff, set the Selected Altitude to 12,000 feet using the ALT Knob. 2) In this example, Vertical Speed Mode is used to capture the Selected Altitude (Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, or Flight Level Change Mode may be used). a) Press the VS Key to activate Vertical Speed Mode.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM HD G Mo de 3 Selected Altitude of 12,000 MSL ALT Mode 4 KMKC 1 2 VS e Mod Figure 7-30 Departure 190-00552-01 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM INTERCEPTING A VOR RADIAL During climb-out, the autopilot continues to fly the aircraft in Heading Select Mode. Airway V4 to Salina VOR (SLN) should now be intercepted. Since the enroute flight plan waypoints correspond to VORs, flight director Navigation Mode using either VOR or GPS as the navigation source may be used. In this scenario, VOR Navigation Mode is used for navigation to the first VOR waypoint in the flight plan.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLYING A FLIGHT PLAN/GPS COURSE NOTE: Changing the navigation source cancels Navigation Mode and causes the flight director to revert back to Roll Hold Mode (wings rolled level). As the aircraft closes on Salina VOR, GPS is used to navigate the next leg, airway V244. The aircraft is currently tracking inbound on Airway V4. Flying a GPS flight plan: 1) Transition from VOR to GPS Navigation Mode: a) Press the CDI Softkey until GPS is the selected navigation source.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM DESCENT While flying the arrival procedure, the aircraft is cleared for descent in preparation for the approach to KCOS. Three methods are presented for descent: • Flight Level Change descent – Flight Level Change Mode can be used to descend to the Selected Altitude at a constant airspeed. This descent method does not account for flight plan waypoint altitude constraints.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Vertical Path Tracking descent to VNV Target Altitude: 1) Select coupled VNV: a) Press the VNV Key to arm Vertical Path Tracking Mode. The white annunciation ‘VPTH’ appears. b) Using the ALT Knob, set the Selected Altitude 75 feet below the flight plan’s VNV Target Altitude of 10,000 feet.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Non-path descent using Flight Level Change Mode: 1) Using Flight Level Change Mode, command a non-path descent to an intermediate altitude above the next VNV flight plan altitude.: a) Using the ALT Knob, set the Selected Altitude below the current aircraft altitude to an altitude (in this case, 9,400 feet) at which to level off between VNV flight plan altitudes. b) Press the FLC Key before the planned TOD during an altitude hold while VPTH is armed.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM VP T H M od e Planned TOD 2 BOD ALT Mode 1 FL C Selected Altitude of 9,400 MSL VNAV Target Altitude of 10,000 MSL Pla nn M od e 3 ed De sce nt ALT Mode Pa th TOD 4 VP VNAV Target Altitude of 9,000 MSL TH Mo de 5 BOD ALT Mode Selected Altitude 3 nm OPSHN HABUK Figure 7-35 Non-path Descent 190-00552-01 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM APPROACH Flying an ILS approach: 1) Transition from GPS Navigation Mode to Heading Select Mode. a) Select the Runway 35L ILS approach for KCOS and select ‘VECTORS’ for the transition. Load and activate the approach into the flight plan. b) Use the HDG Knob to set the Selected Heading after getting vectors from ATC. c) Press the HDG Key. The autopilot turns the aircraft to the desired heading. d) Use Heading Select Mode to comply with ATC vectors as requested.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM NOTE: Support for WAAS precision approaches is available only in installations with GIA 63W IAUs when WAAS is available. Flying a RNAV GPS approach with vertical guidance: 1) Arm flight director modes for a RNAV GPS approach with vertical guidance: a) Make sure the navigation source is set to GPS (use CDI Softkey to change navigation source). b) Select the Runway 35R LPV approach for KCOS. Load and activate the approach into the flight plan.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM GO AROUND/MISSED APPROACH NOTE: As a result of calculations performed by the system while flying the holding pattern, the display may re-size automatically and the aircraft may not precisely track the holding pattern as depicted on the PFD and MFD. Flying a missed approach: 1) Push the GA Switch at the Decision height and apply go-around power to execute a missed approach. The flight director Command Bars establish a nose-up climb to follow.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 4 MOGAL GPS NAV Mode 3 2 GA Mode KCOS 1 Figure 7-38 Go Around/Missed Approach 190-00552-01 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.7 AFCS ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTS AFCS STATUS ALERTS The annunciations in Table 7-5 (listed in order of increasing priority) can appear on the PFD above the Airspeed and Attitude indicators. Only one annunciation occurs at a time, and messages are prioritized by criticality.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM OVERSPEED PROTECTION NOTE: Overspeed protection is not active in Altitude Hold, Glideslope or Glidepath modes. While Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, Flight Level Change, Vertical Path Tracking, or an altitude capture mode is active, airspeed is monitored by the flight director. Pitch commands are not changed until overspeed protection becomes active.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM BLANK PAGE 7-46 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SECTION 8 ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: The availability of SafeTaxi, ChartView, or FliteCharts in electronic form may not preclude the requirement to carry paper charts aboard the aircraft. See AC 120-76A for more information.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Any map page that displays the navigation view can also show the SafeTaxi airport layout within the maximum configured range.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Configuring SafeTaxi range: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Map Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. Figure 8-2 Navigation Map PAGE MENU, Map Setup Option 3) Turn the FMS Knob to select the Aviation Group and press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the Aviation Group options to SAFETAXI. 5) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the range of distances.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SAFETAXI CYCLE NUMBER AND REVISION The SafeTaxi database is revised every 56 days. SafeTaxi is always available for use after the expiration date. When turning on the G1000, the Power-up Page indicates whether the databases are current, out of date, or not available. The Power-up Page shows the SafeTaxi database is current when the SafeTaxi Expires date is shown in white. When the SafeTaxi cycle has expired, the SafeTaxi Expires date appears in yellow.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The SafeTaxi Region, Version, Cycle, Effective date and Expires date of the database cycle can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. SafeTaxi information appears in blue and yellow text. The EFFECTIVE date appears in blue when data is current and in yellow when the current date is before the effective date. The EXPIRES date appears in blue when data is current and in yellow when expired (Figures 8-5 and 8-6).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The other three possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown here. The EFFECTIVE date is the beginning date for this database cycle. If the present date is before the effective date, the EFFECTIVE date appears in yellow and the EXPIRES date appears in blue. The EXPIRES date is the revision date for the next database cycle. NOT AVAILABLE indicates that SafeTaxi is not available on the database card or no database card is inserted.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.2 CHARTVIEW ChartView resembles the paper version of Jeppesen terminal procedures charts. The charts are displayed in full color with high-resolution. The MFD depiction shows the aircraft position on the moving map in the plan view of approach charts and on airport diagrams. Airport Hot Spots are outlined in magenta. The ChartView database subscription is available from Jeppesen, Inc.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES TERMINAL PROCEDURES CHARTS Selecting Terminal Procedures Charts: While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airport Page, or Flight Plan Page, select the SHW CHRT Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu to Show Chart. 3) Press the ENT Key to display the chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES If there is a problem in rendering the data (such as a data error or a failure of an individual chart), the banner UNABLE TO DISPLAY CHART is then displayed. Figure 8-10 Unable To Display Chart Banner When a chart is not available by selecting the SHW CHRT Softkey or selecting a Page Menu Option, charts may be obtained for other airports from the WPT Pages or Flight Plan Pages.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting a chart: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Flight Plan Page, or Nearest Airports Page, select the SHW CHRT Softkey. The airport diagram or approach chart will be displayed on the Airport Information Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to select either the Airport Identifier Box or the Approach Box. (Select the APR Softkey if the Approach Box is not currently shown).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the CHRT Softkey switches between the ChartView diagram and the associated map in the WPT page group. In the example shown, the CHRT Softkey switches between the Colorado Springs, CO (KCOS) Airport Diagram and the navigation map on the WPT – Airport Information page. Select CHRT Softkey to Switch Between ChartView and WPT Airport Information Page Figure 8-12 CHRT Softkey, Airport Information Page 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the INFO Softkey returns to the airport diagram when the view is on a different chart. If the displayed chart is the airport diagram, the INFO Softkey will have no effect. The aircraft position is shown in magenta on the ChartView diagrams when the location of the aircraft is within the chart boundaries. In the example shown, the aircraft is turning onto Taxiway Romeo on the Charlotte, NC (KCLT) airport.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES In the example shown in Figure 8-13, the Class B Chart is selected. Pressing the ENT Key displays the Charlotte Class B Airspace Chart (Figure 8-14). Figure 8-14 Airport Information Page, Class B Chart Selected from INFO View Selecting the DP Softkey displays the Departure Procedure Chart if available. Chart Not To Scale Aircraft Not Shown Icon Figure 8-15 Departure Information Page 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the STAR Softkey displays the Standard Terminal Arrival Chart if available. Chart Not To Scale Zoom and Pan Through the Chart With the Joystick Aircraft Not Shown Icon Figure 8-16 Arrival Information Page Selecting the APR Softkey displays the approach chart for the airport if available. Figure 8-17 Approach Information Page 8-14 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the WX Softkey shows the airport weather frequency information, and includes weather data such as METAR and TAF from the XM Data Link Receiver, when available. Weather information is available only when an XM Data Link Receiver is installed and the XM Weather subscription is current. WX Info When Available WX Softkey Selected Figure 8-18 Weather Information Page 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: A subdued softkey label indicates the function is disabled. Recent NOTAMS applicable to the current ChartView cycle are included in the ChartView database. Selecting the NOTAM Softkey shows the local NOTAM information for selected airports, when available. When NOTAMS are not available, the NOTAM Softkey label appears subdued and is disabled as shown in Figure 8-18. The NOTAM Softkey may appear on the Airport Information Page and all of the chart page selections.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Local NOTAM on This Airport NOTAM Softkey Selected Figure 8-20 Airport Information Page, Local NOTAMs Selecting the NOTAM Softkey again removes the NOTAMS information. Selecting the GO BACK Softkey reverts to the previous page (Navigation Map Page, Nearest Pages, or Flight Plan Page). 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHART OPTIONS Selecting the CHRT OPT Softkey displays the next level of softkeys, the chart options level (Figure 8-7). Selecting the ALL Softkey shows the entire approach chart on the screen. Entire Chart Shown Figure 8-21 Approach Information Page, ALL View 8-18 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the HEADER Softkey shows the header view (approach chart briefing strip) on the screen. Approach Chart Briefing Strip Figure 8-22 Approach Information Page, Header View Selecting the PLAN Softkey shows the approach chart two dimensional plan view. Approach Chart Plan View Figure 8-23 Approach Information Page, Plan View 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the PROFILE Softkey displays the approach chart descent profile strip. Approach Chart Descent Profile Strip Figure 8-24 Approach Information Page, Profile View, Full Screen Width Selecting the MINIMUMS Softkey displays the minimum descent altitude/visibility strip at the bottom of the approach chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES If the chart scale has been adjusted to view a small area of the chart, selecting the FIT WIDTH Softkey changes the chart size to fit the available screen width. Select FIT WDTH Softkey to Show Full Chart Width Figure 8-26 Airport Information Page, FIT WDTH Softkey Selected 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the FULL SCN Softkey alternates between removing and replacing the data window to the right. Selecting Additional Information: 1) While viewing the Airport Taxi Diagram, select the FULL SCN Softkey to display the information windows (AIRPORT, INFO). 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the AIRPORT, INFO, RUNWAYS, or FREQUENCIES Box (INFO Box shown.) 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the INFO Box choices.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting full screen On or Off: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Chart Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to move between the FULL SCREEN and COLOR SCHEME Options. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to choose between the On and Off Full Screen Options. Chart Setup Option Full Screen On/Off Selection Figure 8-28 Page Menus 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES DAY/NIGHT VIEW ChartView can be displayed on a white or black background for day or night viewing. The Day View offers a better presentation in a bright environment. The Night View gives a better presentation for viewing in a dark environment. When the CHART SETUP Box is selected the G1000 softkeys are blank. Selecting Day, Night, or Automatic View: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Figure 8-30 Arrival Information Page, Day View Figure 8-31 Arrival Information Page, Night View 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHARTVIEW CYCLE NUMBER AND EXPIRATION DATE ChartView database is revised every 14 days. Charts are still viewable during a period that extends from the cycle expiration date to the disables date. ChartView is disabled 70 days after the expiration date and is no longer available for viewing upon reaching the disables date. When turning on the G1000, the Power-up Page indicates any of nine different possible criteria for ChartView availability.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Examples of four possible Power-up Page conditions are shown are shown here. ChartView Disables plus a date in white, indicates chart data is current. This indication for normal operation shows how long the charts may be viewed. Chart data update available. in white, indicates the chart data cycle has expired within the past week and the next chart cycle is available. Chart data is out of date! in yellow, indicates charts are still viewable, but approaching the disable date.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: A subdued softkey label indicates the function is disabled. The ChartView time critical information can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. The database CYCLE number, EXPIRES, and DISABLES dates of the ChartView subscription appear in either blue or yellow text. When the ChartView EXPIRES date is reached, ChartView becomes inoperative 70 days later. This is shown as the DISABLES date. When the DISABLES date is reached, charts are no longer available for viewing.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The other three possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown here. The EXPIRES date, in yellow, is the revision date for the next database cycle. The DISABLES date, in yellow, is the date that this database cycle is no longer viewable. REGION and CYCLE NOT AVAILABLE in blue, indicate that no ChartView data is available on the database card or no database card is inserted.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.3 FLITECHARTS FliteCharts resemble the paper version of National Aeronautical Charting Office (NACO) terminal procedures charts. The charts are displayed with high-resolution and in color for applicable charts. FliteCharts database subscription is available from Garmin. Available data includes: • Arrivals (STAR) • Approaches • Departure Procedures (DP) • Airport Diagrams FLITECHARTS SOFTKEYS FliteCharts functions are displayed on three levels of softkeys.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES TERMINAL PROCEDURES CHARTS Selecting Terminal Procedures Charts: While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airport Page, or Flight Plan Page, select the SHW CHRT Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu to Show Chart. 3) Press the ENT Key to display the chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES If there is a problem in rendering the data (such as a data error or a failure of an individual chart), the banner UNABLE TO DISPLAY CHART is then displayed. Figure 8-38 Unable To Display Chart Banner When a chart is not available by selecting the SHW CHRT Softkey or selecting a Page Menu Option, charts may be obtained for other airports from the WPT Pages or Flight Plan Pages.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting a chart: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Flight Plan Page, or Nearest Airports Page, select the SHW CHRT Softkey. The airport diagram or approach chart will be displayed on the Airport Information Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to select either the Airport Identifier Box or the Approach Box. 4) Turn the small and large FMS Knob to enter the desired airport identifier. 5) Press the ENT Key to complete the airport selection.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the CHRT Softkey alternates between the FliteCharts diagram and the associated map in the WPT page group. In the example shown, the CHRT Softkey switches between the Charlotte, NC (KCLT) Airport Diagram and the navigation map on the WPT – Airport Information page. Select CHRT Softkey to Switch Between FliteCharts and Navigation Map Page Figure 8-41 CHRT Softkey, Airport Information Page 8-34 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the INFO Softkey returns to the airport diagram when the view is on a different chart. If the displayed chart is the airport diagram, the INFO Softkey will have no effect. Another source for additional airport information is from the INFO Box above the chart (Figure 8-41) or to the right of the chart (Figure 8-42) for certain airports. This information source is not related to the INFO Softkey. When the INFO Box is selected using the FMS Knob, the G1000 softkeys are blank.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES In the example shown in Figure 8-42, TAKE OFF MINIMUMS is selected. Pressing the ENT Key displays the Take-off Minimums and Departure Procedures Chart (Figure 8-43). Figure 8-43 Airport Information Page, TAKE OFF MINIMUMS Selected from INFO View Selecting the DP Softkey displays the Departure Procedure Chart if available. Figure 8-44 Departure Information Page 8-36 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the STAR Softkey displays the Standard Terminal Arrival Chart if available. Figure 8-45 Arrival Information Page Selecting the APR Softkey displays the approach chart for the airport if available. Figure 8-46 Approach Information Page 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the WX Softkey shows the airport weather frequency information, when available, and includes weather data such as METAR and TAF from the XM Data Link Receiver. Weather information is available only when an XM Data Link Receiver is installed and the XM Weather subscription is current. Selecting Additional Information: 1) While viewing the Airport Taxi Diagram, select the WX Softkey to display the information windows (AIRPORT, INFO). 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHART OPTIONS Selecting the CHRT OPT Softkey displays the next level of softkeys, the chart options level (Figure 8-35). Selecting the ALL Softkey shows the entire chart on the screen. Entire Chart Shown Figure 8-48 Airport Information Page, ALL View Selected 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the FIT WIDTH Softkey fits the width of the chart in the display viewing area. In the example shown, the zoomed-in chart is replaced with the full width chart. Select FIT WDTH Softkey to Show Full Chart Width Figure 8-49 Approach Information Page, FIT WDTH Softkey Selected 8-40 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the FULL SCN Softkey alternates between removing and replacing the data window to the right. Select FULL SCN Softkey to Switch Between Chart on Full Screen and Chart with Info Window Figure 8-50 Airport Information Page, Full Screen and Info Window Selecting the BACK Softkey, or waiting for 45 seconds reverts to the chart selection softkeys. 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES DAY/NIGHT VIEW FliteCharts can be displayed on a white or black background for day or night viewing. The Day View offers a better presentation in a bright environment. The Night View gives a better presentation for viewing in a dark environment. When the CHART SETUP Box is selected the G1000 softkeys are blank. Selecting Day, Night, or Automatic View: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Figure 8-52 Approach Information Page, Day View Figure 8-53 Approach Information Page, Night View 190-00552-01 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLITECHARTS CYCLE NUMBER AND EXPIRATION DATE FliteCharts data is revised every 28 days. Charts are still viewable during a period that extends from the cycle expiration date to the disables date. FliteCharts is disabled 180 days after the expiration date and are no longer available for viewing upon reaching the disables date. When turning on the G1000, the Power-up Page indicates any of five different possible criteria for chart availability.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Examples of four possible Power-up Page messages are shown here. FliteCharts Expires plus a date in white, indicates the chart database is current. Chart data is out of date! in yellow, indicates charts are still viewable, but approaching the disable date. When the 180 day grace period has expired, Chart data is disabled. in yellow indicates that the FliteCharts database has expired and is no longer viewable.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: A subdued softkey label indicates the function is disabled. FliteCharts time critical information can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. The FliteCharts database REGION, CYCLE number, EFFECTIVE, EXPIRES, and DISABLES dates of the subscription appear in either blue or yellow text. Dates shown in blue are current data. Dates shown in yellow indicate the data is not within the current subscription period.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The other three possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown here. The EXPIRES date, in yellow, is the revision date for the next database cycle. The DISABLES date, in yellow, is the date that this database cycle is no longer viewable. REGION and CYCLE NOT AVAILABLE in blue, indicate that FliteCharts database is not available on the database card or no database card is inserted.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.4 XM RADIO ENTERTAINMENT (OPTIONAL) NOTE: Refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section for information about XM Weather products. The optional XM Radio entertainment feature of the GDL 69A Data Link Receiver is available for the pilot’s and passengers’ enjoyment. The GDL 69A can receive XM Satellite Radio® entertainment services at any altitude throughout the Continental U.S. Entertainment audio is not available on the GDL 69 Data Link Receiver.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: The LOCK Softkey on the XM Information Page (Auxiliary Page Group) is used to save GDL 69A activation data when the XM services are initially set up. It is not used during normal XM Radio operation, but there should be no adverse effects if inadvertently selected during flight. Refer to the GDL 69/69A XM Satellite Radio Activation Instructions (190-00355-04, Rev F or later) for further information.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES USING XM RADIO The XM Radio Page provides information and control of the audio entertainment features of the XM Satellite Radio. Selecting the XM Radio Page: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Auxiliary Page Group. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the displayed AUX - XM Information Page. 3) Select the RADIO Softkey to show the XM Radio Page where audio entertainment is controlled.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES ACTIVE CHANNEL AND CHANNEL LIST The Active Channel Box on the XM Radio Page displays the currently selected channel that the XM Radio is using. The Channels List Box of the XM Radio Page shows a list of the available channels for the selected category. Channels can be stepped through one at a time or may be selected directly by channel number. Selecting a channel from the channel list: 1) While on the XM Radio Page, select the CHNL Softkey.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CATEGORY The Category Box of the XM Radio Page displays the currently selected category of audio. Categories of channels such as jazz, rock, or news can be selected to list the available channels for a type of music or other contents. One of the optional categories is PRESETS to view channels that have been programmed. Selecting a category: 1) Select the CATGRY Softkey on the XM Radio Page. 2) Select the CAT + and CAT - Softkeys to cycle through the categories.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES PRESETS Up to 15 channels from any category can be assigned a preset number. The preset channels are selected by selecting the PRESETS and MORE Softkeys. Then the preset channel can be selected directly and added to the channel list for the Presets category. Setting a preset channel number: 1) On the XM Radio Page, while listening to an Active Channel that is wanted for a preset, select the PRESETS Softkey to access the first five preset channels (PS1 - PS5).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.5 SCHEDULER The Scheduler feature can be used to enter and display reminder messages (e.g., Change oil, Switch fuel tanks, or Altimeter-Transponder Check) in the Alerts Window on the PFD. Messages can be set to display based on a specific date and time (event), once the message timer reaches zero (one-time; default setting), or recurrently whenever the message timer reaches zero (periodic).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 9) For event-based messages: a) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired date (DD-MM-YY) and press the ENT Key. b) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to the next field. c) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired time (HH:MM) and press the ENT Key. 10) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to enter the next message. Deleting a scheduler message: 1) Select the AUX - Utility Page.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.6 ELECTRONIC CHECKLISTS (OPTIONAL) NOTE: The checklists presented in this section are for example only and may not reflect checklists actually available for the Cessna Caravan. The information described in this section is not intended to replace the checklist information described in the AFM or the Pilot Safety and Warning Supplements document. NOTE: Garmin is not responsible for the content of checklists. User-defined checklists are created by the aircraft manufacturer.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Figure 8-65 Checklist Page Example Accessing and navigating checklists: 1) From any page, press the CHKLIST Softkey. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the ‘GROUP’ field. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired procedure and press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the ‘Checklist’ field. 5) Turn the FMS Knob to select the desired checklist and press the ENT Key.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8) Once the last item in a checklist is selected, ‘Go to the next checklist?’ is highlighted. Press the ENT Key to advance to the next checklist displayed. 9) Select the EXIT Softkey or hold down the CLR Key momentarily to exit the Checklist Page and return to the page last viewed. Immediately accessing emergency procedures: 1) From any page, select the CHKLIST Softkey. 2) Select the EMERGCY Softkey.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.7 ABNORMAL OPERATION GDL 69/69A DATA LINK RECEIVER TROUBLESHOOTING Some quick troubleshooting steps listed below can be performed to find the possible cause of a failure.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES If a failure still exists, the following messages may provide insight as to the possible problem: Message CHECK ANTENNA UPDATING NO SIGNAL LOADING OFF AIR --- Message Location XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field Weather Datalink Page - center of page XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field Description Data Link Receiver antenna error; service requi
APPENDIX A ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTS NOTE: The Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) supersedes information found in this document. The G1000 Alerting System conveys alerts using the following: • Annunciation Window: The Annunciation Window displays abbreviated annunciation text. Text color is based on alert levels described in the following section. The Annunciation Window is located to the right of the Altimeter and Vertical Speed Indicator.
APPENDIX A • Audio Alerting System: The G1000 System issues audio alert tones when specific system conditions are met. See the Alert Level Definitions Section for more information. The annunciation tone may be tested from the AUX - System Status Page. Testing the system annunciation tone: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Status Page. 2) Select the ANN TEST Softkey. Or: a) Press the MENU Key. b) Highlight ‘Enable Annunciator Test Mode’ and press the ENT Key.
APPENDIX A ALERT LEVEL DEFINITIONS The G1000 Alerting System, as installed in Cessna 350/400 aircraft, uses three alert levels. • WARNING: This level of alert requires immediate attention. Warning alert text is shown in red in the Annunciation Window and is accompanied by a continuous chime and a flashing ‘WARNING’ Softkey annunciation (see Figure A-3). Selecting the WARNING Softkey acknowledges the presence of the warning alert and stops the aural chime.
APPENDIX A AIRCRAFT ALERTS The following alerts are configured specifically for the Cessna 350/400. Red annunciation window text signifies warnings and yellow, cautions, and white, annunciation advisories. See the Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) for recommended pilot actions.
APPENDIX A VOICE ALERTS The following audio alerts are announced by the system using a voice of male or female gender (see the AUX - System Setup Page for the default configured voice gender; contact a Garmin-authorized service center to change the audio alert voice). If the optional Terrain Awareness and Warning System is installed, voice alerts are also generated (refer to the TAWS Alerts section).
APPENDIX A The status of detected LRUs can be checked on the AUX - System Status Page (Figure A-2). Active LRUs are indicated by green check marks; failed, by red ‘X’s. Failed LRUs should be noted and a service center or Garmin-authorized dealer informed. Viewing LRU information: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Status Page. 2) To place the cursor in the ‘LRU Info’ Box, a) Select the LRU Softkey. Or: a) Press the MENU Key. b) With ‘Select LRU Window’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.
APPENDIX A System Annunciation Comment System Annunciation Attitude and Heading Reference System is aligning. Display system is not receiving airspeed input from air data computer. Display system is not receiving attitude information from the AHRS. Display system is not receiving vertical speed input from the air data computer. AHRS calibration incomplete or configuration module failure. This annunciation is seen only when the autopilot is engaged.
APPENDIX A G1000 SYSTEM MESSAGE ADVISORIES NOTE: This section provides information regarding G1000 message advisories that may be displayed by the system. Knowledge of the aircraft, systems, flight conditions, and other existing operational priorities must be considered when responding to a message. This section describes various G1000 System message advisories. Certain messages are issued due to an LRU or LRU function failure.
APPENDIX A DATABASES Message Advisory MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 aviation database error exists. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 aviation database error exists. MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 basemap database error exists. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 basemap database error exists. MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 terrain database error exists. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 terrain database error exists. MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 obstacle database error exists. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 obstacle database error exists. MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 airport terrain database error exists.
APPENDIX A GMA 1347 AUDIO PANEL Message Advisory GMA1 FAIL – GMA1 is inoperative. GMA1 CONFIG – GMA1 config error. Config service req’d. MANIFEST – GMA1 software mismatch, communication halted. GMA1 SERVICE – GMA1 needs service. Return unit for repair. Comments The audio panel self-test has detected a failure. The audio panel is unavailable. The G1000 system should be serviced. The audio panel configuration settings do not match backup configuration memory. The G1000 system should be serviced.
APPENDIX A GIA 63 (CONT.) Message COM1 SERVICE – COM1 needs service. Return unit for repair. COM2 SERVICE – COM2 needs service. Return unit for repair. COM1 PTT – COM1 push-to-talk key is stuck. COM2 PTT – COM2 push-to-talk key is stuck. COM1 RMT XFR – COM1 remote transfer key is stuck. COM2 RMT XFR – COM2 remote transfer key is stuck. RAIM UNAVAIL – RAIM is not available from FAF to MAP waypoints. LOI – GPS integrity lost. Crosscheck with other NAVS. GPS NAV LOST – Loss of GPS navigation.
APPENDIX A GIA 63 (CONT.) Message G/S1 FAIL – G/S1 is inoperative. Comments A failure has been detected in glideslope receiver 1 and/or receiver 2. The G1000 system should be serviced. G/S2 FAIL – G/S2 is inoperative. G/S1 SERVICE – G/S1 needs service. Return unit for repair. G/S2 SERVICE – G/S2 needs service. Return unit for repair. A failure has been detected in glideslope receiver 1 and/or receiver 2. The receiver may still be available. The G1000 system should be serviced when possible.
APPENDIX A GIA 63W (CONT.) Message Advisory COM1 TEMP – COM1 over temp. Reducing transmitter power. COM2 TEMP – COM2 over temp. Reducing transmitter power. COM1 SERVICE – COM1 needs service. Return unit for repair. COM2 SERVICE – COM2 needs service. Return unit for repair. COM1 PTT – COM1 push-to-talk key is stuck. COM2 PTT – COM2 push-to-talk key is stuck. COM1 RMT XFR – COM1 remote transfer key is stuck. COM2 RMT XFR – COM2 remote transfer key is stuck. LOI – GPS integrity lost.
APPENDIX A GIA 63W (CONT.) Message Advisory NAV1 RMT XFR – NAV1 remote transfer key is stuck. NAV2 RMT XFR – NAV2 remote transfer key is stuck. G/S1 FAIL – G/S1 is inoperative. G/S2 FAIL – G/S2 is inoperative. G/S1 SERVICE – G/S1 needs service. Return unit for repair. G/S2 SERVICE – G/S2 needs service. Return unit for repair. Comments The remote NAV1 and/or NAV2 transfer switch is stuck in the enabled (or “pressed”) state. Press the transfer switch again to cycle its operation.
APPENDIX A GRS 77 ATTITUDE AND HEADING REFERENCE SYSTEM Message Advisory AHRS1 TAS – AHRS1 not receiving airspeed. Comments The #1 AHRS is not receiving true airspeed from the air data computer. The AHRS relies on GPS information to augment the lack of airspeed. The G1000 system should be serviced. AHRS1 GPS – AHRS1 using backup The #1 AHRS is using the backup GPS path. Primary GPS path has failed. The G1000 GPS source. system should be serviced when possible.
APPENDIX A MISCELLANEOUS Message Advisory Comments FPL WPT LOCK – Flight plan waypoint Upon power-up, the G1000 system detects that a stored flight plan waypoint is is locked. locked. This occurs when an aviation database update eliminates an obsolete waypoint. The flight plan cannot find the specified waypoint and flags this message. This can also occur with user waypoints in a flight plan that is deleted.
APPENDIX A MISCELLANEOUS (CONT.) Message Advisory SLCT NAV – Select NAV on CDI for approach. PTK FAIL – Parallel track unavailable: bad geometry. PTK FAIL – Parallel track unavailable: invalid leg type. PTK FAIL – Parallel track unavailable: past IAF. UNABLE V WPT – Can’t reach current vertical waypoint. VNV – Unavailable. Unsupported leg type in flight plan. VNV – Unavailable. Excessive crosstrack error. VNV – Unavailable. Excessive track angle error. VNV – Unavailable. Parallel course selected.
APPENDIX A AFCS STATUS ANNUNCIATIONS The following annunciations (listed in order of increasing priority) can appear on the PFD above the Airspeed and Attitude indicators. Only one annunciation may occur at a time, and messages are prioritized by criticality.
APPENDIX A TERRAIN AWARENESS AND WARNING SYSTEM (TAWS) ALERTS Annunciations appear on the PFD and MFD. Pop-up alerts appear only on the MFD. For more information on TAWS, refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section.
APPENDIX A TAWS SYSTEM STATUS ANNUNCIATIONS Annunciation (PFD/MFD TAWS Page) Pop-Up Alert (MFD Navigation Map Page) Aural Message TAWS System Test Fail None “TAWS System Failure” TAWS Alerting is disabled None None None “TAWS Not Available” (“TAWS Available” will be heard when sufficient GPS signal is re-established) None None None “TAWS System Test OK” Alert Type No GPS position or excessively degraded GPS signal System Test in progress System Test pass None Annunciation Figure A-6 TAWS A
APPENDIX B SD CARD USE AND DATABASES The G1000 System uses Secure Digital (SD) cards to load and store various types of data. For basic flight operations, SD cards are required for database storage as well as Jeppesen aviation and ChartView database updates. JEPPESEN DATABASES The Jeppesen aviation database is updated on a 28-day cycle. The optional ChartView database is updated on a 14-day cycle. If the ChartView database is not updated within 70 days of the expiration date, ChartView no longer functions.
APPENDIX B 4) After the update completes, the PFD continues to power-up normally. 5) Turn the G1000 System OFF and remove the SD card. 6) Repeat steps 1 through 4 for the MFD. The MFD and PFD databases are now updated. Remove the SD card when finished. 7) Verify the correct update cycle is loaded during MFD power-up. GARMIN DATABASES NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and obstacle databases comes from government agencies.
APPENDIX B PFD MFD Figure B-3 Correct Database Locations The Garmin database updates can be obtained by following the instructions detailed in the ‘Aviation Databases’ section of the Garmin website (www.garmin.com). Once the updated files have been downloaded from the website, a PC equipped with an appropriate SD card reader is used to unpack and program the new databases onto the existing Supplemental Data Cards.
APPENDIX B 3) Apply power to the G1000 System. View the MFD power-up splash screen. Check that the databases are initialized and displayed on the splash screen. When updating the terrain and FliteCharts databases, an ‘in progress’ message may be seen. If this message is present, wait for the system to finish loading before verifying the correct databases are initialized, then proceed to step 3.
APPENDIX C GLOSSARY ACC ACT, ACTV ADC ADF ADI AF AFCS AFM AFMS AFRM AGL AHRS AIM AIRMET ALRT ALT ALT, ALTN AMPS ANNUNC ANT AP AP DISC APR APT ARINC ARSPC ARTCC ARV AS ASB ASOS ATC ATCRBS ATIS ATK AUTOSEQ AUX AWOS B ALT BARO BATT BC 190-00552-01 Rev.
APPENDIX C Cumulative CVR CVRG CWS CYL The total of all legs in a flight plan.
APPENDIX C FMS FOB FPL fpm FREQ FRZ FSS ft Fuel Flow Fuel On Board G/S, GS GA gal, gl GBOX GDC GDL GDU GEA GEO GFC GIA GLS Flight Management System Fuel On Board flight plan feet per minute frequency freezing Flight Service Station foot/feet The fuel flow rate, expressed in units of fuel per hour The total amount of usable fuel on board the aircraft Ground Track GRS GS GTX glideslope go-around gallon(s) gearbox Garmin Air Data Computer Garmin Satellite Data Link Garmin Display Unit Garmin Engine/Airframe U
APPENDIX C kHz km kt kilohertz kilometer knot L left, left runway LAT latitude LBL label lb pound LCD Liquid Crystal Display LCL local LED Light Emitting Diode Left Over Fuel On Board The amount of fuel remaining on board after the completion of one or more legs of a flight plan or direct-to Left Over Fuel Reserve The amount of flight time remaining, based on the amount of fuel on board after the completion of one or more legs of a flight plan or directto, and a known consumption rate Leg The portion of a fli
APPENDIX C PTK PTT PWR parallel track Push-to-Talk power QTY quantity R RAD RAIM right, right runway radial Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring random access memory reference remaining (fuel remaining) required reserve (fuel reserve entered by pilot) reverse, revision, revise Constant Radius Turn to Fix Radio Magnetic Indicator remote range runway roll read only memory revolutions per minute reset fuel reserve (fuel reserve entered by pilot) right reversionary receive RAM REF REM REQ RES REV RF R
APPENDIX C TURN TX procedure turn transmit UNAVAIL USR UTC UTM/UPS unavailable user Coordinated Universal Time Universal Transverse Mercator/ Universal Polar Stereographic Grid V, Vspeed velocity (airspeed) VA Heading Vector to Altitude VAPP VOR approach VAR variation VD Heading Vector to DME Distance Vdc volts, direct current VERT vertical Vertical Figure of Merit A measure of the uncertainty in the aircraft’s vertical position Vertical Speed Required The vertical speed necessary to descend/climb from
APPENDIX D FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS If a particular aspect of G1000 operational capability is not addressed by these commonly asked questions or in the index, contact Garmin (see the copyright page or back cover for contact information) or a Garmin-authorized dealer. Garmin is dedicated to supporting its products and customers. WHAT IS WAAS? The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) uses a system of ground stations to correct any GPS signal errors.
APPENDIX D WHY MIGHT THERE BE NO APPROACHES AVAILABLE FOR A FLIGHT PLAN? Approaches are available for the final destination airport in a flight plan or as a direct-to (keep in mind that some VOR/VORTAC identifiers are similar to airport identifiers). If a destination airport does not have a published approach, the G1000 indicates “NONE” for the available procedures.
APPENDIX D When OBS mode is active, the G1000 allows the pilot to set a desired course to/from a waypoint using the CRS/BARO Knob and HSI (much like a VOR). The most common application for using the OBS Softkey is the missed approach. The G1000 suspends automatic waypoint sequencing (indicated by a ‘SUSP’ annunciation placed on the HSI) when the missed approach point (MAP) is crossed. This prevents the G1000 from automatically sequencing to the missed approach holding point (MAHP).
APPENDIX D WHY DOES THE HSI NOT RESPOND LIKE A VOR WHEN OBS MODE IS ACTIVE? Unlike a VOR, the CDI scale used on GPS equipment is based on the crosstrack distance to the desired course, not on the angular relationship to the destination. Therefore, the CDI deflection on the GPS is constant regardless of the distance to the destination and does not become less sensitive when further away from the destination.
APPENDIX E GENERAL TIS INFORMATION NOTE: Aircraft without an operating transponder are invisible to TIS. NOTE: TIS is not intended to be used as a collision avoidance system and does not relieve the pilot of the responsibility to “see and avoid” other aircraft. TIS should not be used for avoidance maneuvers during instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) or when there is no visual contact with the intruder aircraft.
APPENDIX E WARNING: Garmin is not responsible for Mode S geographical coverage. Operation of the ground stations is the responsibility of the FAA. Refer to the AIM for a Terminal Mode S radar site map. TIS information is collected during a single radar sweep. Collected information is then sent through the Mode S uplink on the next radar sweep. Because of this, the surveillance information is approximately five seconds old.
APPENDIX F MAP SYMBOLS AIRPORTS BASEMAP Item Item Symbol Unknown Airport Interstate Highway Non-towered, Non-serviced Airport State Highway Symbol US Highway Towered, Non-serviced Airport National Highway Non-towered, Serviced Airport City Towered, Serviced Airport State/Province Border Restricted (Private) Airport International Border Heliport Road Railroad NAVAIDS Item Symbol Latitude/Longitude Intersection LOM (compass locator at outer marker) AIRSPACE BOUNDARIES VOR Item ICAO Con
APPENDIX F HAZARD AVOIDANCE FEATURES Feature TRAFFIC Symbol Item Terrain Proximity/TAWS display enabled Non-threat Traffic Traffic display enabled Proximity Advisory NEXRAD display enabled Traffic Advisory, Out of Range Cloud Top display enabled Symbol Traffic Advisory Echo Top display enabled MISCELLANEOUS XM Lightning display enabled Item Cell Movement display enabled Symbol ARTCC Frequency or FSS Frequency SIGMETs/AIRMETs display enabled METARs display enabled Map Pointer (when panning) E
APPENDIX F OBSTACLE DATABASE Unlighted Obstacle Lighted Obstacle < 1000’ AGL > 1000’ AGL < 1000’ AGL > 1000’ AGL Obstacle Location Red obstacle is above or within 100 ft below the aircraft altitude Yellow obstacle is between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude Gray obstacle is more than 1000 ft below aircraft altitude Table G-1 Obstacle Colors TERRAIN AVOIDANCE COLORS AND SYMBOLS Terrain Above Aircraft Altitude Aircraft Altitude 100 ft Threshold Red terrain is above or within 100 ft below th
APPENDIX F BLANK PAGE F-4 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
INDEX A Activate a Flight Plan-------------------------------------5-71 Active channel ---------------------------------------------8-51 Active frequency ------------------------------------ 4-8, 4-18 AFCS Status Box --------------------------------------2-2, 7-5 AHRS ------------------------------------------------ A-14, A-15 Aileron trim --------------------------------------------3-2, 3-4 Airport Information ---------------------------------------------5-35 Airspace Alerts -------------------------------
INDEX Chart setup menu--------------------------------- 8-24, 8-42 Checklists --------------------------- 1-43–1-44, 8-56–8-57 Checklist softkeys -----------------------------------------8-56 Closest Point -----------------------------------------------5-84 Command Bars, flight director --------------------------- 7-6 Communication (COM) Frequency Box ----------------- 2-2 COM channel spacing ------------------------------------4-16 COM frequency box ----------------------------------4-3, 4-8 COM tuning fail
INDEX Glideslope ------------------------------------------------ 5-132 Glideslope Indicator ----------------------------------2-3, 2-9 Glideslope Mode (GS) -----------------------7-3, 7-20, 7-40 Global Positioning System (GPS) Navigation -------------------------------------5-50–5-138 Go Around Mode (GA) -------------- 7-3, 7-21, 7-42–7-43 GTX 33 Transponder --------------------------------------4-27 H Heading ----------------------------------------------------- 2-2 Heading Select Mode (HDG) ------------
INDEX Other Statistics --------------------------------- 5-102, 5-104 Outside Air Temperature (OAT) ------------------- 2-2, 2-22 Overspeed protection, autopilot ------------------------7-45 Oxygen Outlet Pressure (OXY OUTLET PSI) ------------ 3-4 Oxygen Quantity (OXY QTY PSI)------------------------- 3-4 P Page groups --------------------------------------- 1-30–1-33 Page menus ------------------------------------------------1-28 Parallel Track --------------------------------------- 5-77, 5-78 Passenger
INDEX Traffic Annunciation --------------------------------------- 2-3 Traffic Information Service (TIS) ---------------------E-1–E-2 Voice alerts ----------------------------------------------2-27 Transponder------------------------------------------------- 1-3 Transponder code entry ----------------------------------4-31 Transponder data box --------------------------------4-1, 4-3 Transponder ground mode ------------------------------4-28 Transponder mode field ------------------- 4-28, 4-29, 4-30 Transpond
INDEX BLANK PAGE I-6 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna 350/400 190-00552-01 Rev.
