G1000 ® Integrated Flight Deck Pilot’s Guide
Copyright © 2006-2011 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. This manual reflects the operation of System Software version 0435.23 or later for the Cessna Citation Mustang. Some differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software versions. Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A. Tel: 913/397.8200 Fax: 913/397.8282 Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Road SE, Salem, OR 97302, U.S.A.
LIMITED WARRANTY LIMITED WARRANTY Within the warranty period, Garmin will, at its sole discretion, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts and/or labor incidental to the direct repair of said product. Garmin may, at its discretion with prior approval, reimburse an authorized Garmin Service Center for associated labor costs incurred for removal and replacement of the panel mount product installed in an aircraft.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES WARNING: Navigation and terrain separation must NOT be predicated upon the use of the terrain avoidance feature. The terrain avoidance feature is NOT intended to be used as a primary reference for terrain avoidance and does not relieve the pilot from the responsibility of being aware of surroundings during flight. The terrain avoidance feature is only to be used as an aid for terrain avoidance. Terrain data is obtained from third party sources.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES WARNING: The United States government operates the Global Positioning System and is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The GPS system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Portions of the system utilize GPS as a precision electronic NAVigation AID (NAVAID). Therefore, as with all NAVAIDs, information presented by the system can be misused or misinterpreted and, therefore, become unsafe.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES NOTE: All visual depictions contained within this document, including screen images of the panel and displays, are subject to change and may not reflect the most current system and databases. Depictions of equipment may differ slightly from the actual equipment. NOTE: This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES Blank Page iv Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
REVISION INFORMATION Record of Revisions Part Number 190-00494-00 Revision Date A October, 2006 B November, 2006 Page Range i through I-6 4-7, 4-16, 4-34 5-108 through 5-126 7-33 through 7-45 190-00494-01 A B February, 2007 May, 2007 i through I-6 i through I-6 190-00494-02 A April, 2008 i through I-6 190-00494-03 B A May, 2008 June, 2010 All i through I-6 190-00494-04 A December, 2011 All 190-00494-04 Rev. A Description Production release Added ‘SQ’ and ‘RX’ annunciations.
REVISION INFORMATION Blank Page vi Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Description.................................................. 1 Line Replaceable Units (LRU).................................. 2 G1000 Controls......................................................... 7 PFD Controls................................................................. 7 Controls Associated With the MFD.................................. 9 AFCS Controls...................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.4 Mode S Transponder............................................ 129 GTX 33/33D Transponder Controls............................... 130 GTX 33/33D Transponder Mode Selection.................... 131 TCAS II Transponder Controls (optional)....................... 133 TCAS II Transponder Mode Selection (optional)............. 134 Entering a Transponder Code...................................... 136 IDENT Function.........................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS Principles of Pulsed Airborne Weather Radar................ 335 Safe Operating Distance............................................. 340 Basic Antenna Tilt Setup............................................. 340 Weather Mapping and Interpretation.......................... 342 Ground Mapping and Interpretation............................ 355 System Status............................................................ 356 6.3 TAWS-B...............................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS 8.4 FliteCharts............................................................. 500 FliteCharts Softkeys................................................... 500 FliteCharts Terminal Procedures Charts........................ 501 Chart Options............................................................ 508 Day/Night View......................................................... 512 FliteCharts Cycle Number and Expiration Date.............. 514 8.5 AOPA Airport Directory..........................
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION This section provides an overview of the G1000 Integrated Flight Deck as installed in the Cessna Citation Mustang. The G1000 system is an integrated flight control system that presents flight instrumentation, position, navigation, communication, and identification information to the pilot through large-format displays.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.2 LINE REPLACEABLE UNITS (LRU) • GDU 1040A (2) – Each unit is configured as a PFD that features a 10.4-inch LCD with 1024 x 768 resolution. The unit installed on the left/pilot side is designated as PFD1, and the one installed on the right/copilot side is designated as PFD2. These units communicate with each other, the MFD, and with the on-side GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Unit through a High-Speed Data Bus (HSDB) connection.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GDC 74B (2) – Processes data from the pitot/static system as well as the OAT probe. This unit provides pressure altitude, airspeed, vertical speed and OAT information to the G1000 system, and it communicates with the on-side GIA 63W, on-side GDU 1040A and on-side GRS 77, using an ARINC 429 digital interface (it also interfaces directly with the on-side GTP 59). The GDC 74B is designed to operate in Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) airspace.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GMA 1347D or GMA 1347D-20 (2) – Integrates NAV/COM digital audio, intercom system and marker beacon controls, and is installed in dual configuration on the outboard side of PFD1 and PFD2. This unit also enables the manual control of the display reversionary mode (red DISPLAY BACKUP button) and communicates with the on-side GIA 63W, using an RS-232 digital interface. • GTX 33 (1) and GTX 33D (1 or 2) – Solid-state transponders that provide Modes A, C and S capability.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GCU 475 (1) – Provides the Flight Management System (FMS) controls for the MFD through an RS-232 digital interface. • GMC 710 (1) – Provides the controls for the GFC 700 AFCS through an RS-232 digital interface allowing communication with both PFDs. • GSD 41 (1) – This optional unit is a data concentrator used to expand the input and output capabilities of the system when a Cockpit Voice Data Recorder is installed. Communication is through the High Speed Data Bus.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW GMC 710 GSD 41 GDU 1040A (PFD #1) GDL 69A GMA 1347D or GMA 1347D-20 #1 GWX 68 GCU 475 GDU 1500 (MFD) GMU 44 #1 GDU 1040A (PFD #2) GMA 1347D or GMA 1347D-20 #2 GMU 44 #2 GRS 77 #1 GRS 77 #2 GIA 63W #1 GIA 63W #2 VHF COM VHF NAV/LOC GPS/WAAS G/S GDC 74B #1 AFCS Mode Logic Flight Director Servo Management GTP 59 #1 GDC 74B #2 VHF COM VHF NAV/LOC GPS/WAAS G/S GTP 59 #2 AFCS Mode Logic Flight Director Servo Management GSA 81 (Pitch Trim) GSA 81 (Pitch) GSA 80 GTX 33D (Roll)
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.3 G1000 CONTROLS NOTE: The Audio Panel (GMA 1347D) and AFCS controls (GMC 710) are described in the CNS & Audio Panel and AFCS sections respectively. The G1000 system controls are located on the PFD and MFD bezels, MFD Control Unit, AFCS Control Unit and audio panel. The controls for the PFD and MFD are discussed within the following pages of this section. PFD CONTROLS 1 2 4 3 5 6 7 8 Figure 1-2 PFD Controls 9 13 10 14 11 15 12 190-00494-04 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW The following list provides an overview of the controls located on the PFD bezel (see Figure 1-2). 8 1 NAV VOL/ID Knob – Controls NAV audio volume level. Press to toggle the Morse code identifier audio ON and OFF. Volume level is shown in the NAV frequency field as a percentage. 2 NAV Frequency Transfer Key – Toggles the standby and active NAV frequencies. 3 Dual NAV Knob – Tunes the standby frequencies for the NAV receiver (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW CONTROLS ASSOCIATED WITH THE MFD The controls for the MFD (GDU 1500) are located on both the MFD bezel and the MFD Control Unit (GCU 475). The bottom portion of the MFD bezel features 12 softkeys that are designed to perform various functions depending upon the specific page being displayed. These softkeys are discussed throughout the Pilot’s Guide documentation.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 10 2 Direct-to Key ( ) – Allows the user to enter a destination waypoint and establish a direct course to the selected destination (the destination is either specified by the identifier, chosen from the active route, or taken from the map pointer position). 3 FPL Key – Displays the active Flight Plan Page for creating and editing the active flight plan, or for accessing stored flight plans. 4 MENU Key – Displays a context-sensitive list of options.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AFCS CONTROLS NOTE: With the exception of the FD and SPD Keys, if a key is selected, its respective annunciator is illuminated. 1 2 3 4 19 18 17 16 5 15 14 6 7 13 12 8 11 10 9 Figure 1-5 AFCS Control Unit (GMC 710) The GFC 700 AFCS is mainly controlled through the GMC 710 AFCS Control Unit. The AFCS Control Unit consists of the following controls: 1 HDG Key – Selects/deselects Heading Select Mode. 2 APR Key – Selects/deselects Approach Mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 13 ALT SEL Knob – Sets the selected altitude in the Selected Altitude Box. In addition to providing the standard G1000 altitude alerter function, selected altitude provides an altitude setting for the Altitude Capture/Hold mode of the AFCS. 14 YD Key – Engages/disengages the yaw damper. 15 AP Key – Engages/disengages the autopilot. 16 BANK Key – Selects/deselects Low Bank Mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO PANEL CONTROLS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 21 25 24 GMA 1347D GMA 1347D-20 Figure 1-6 Audio Panel Controls NOTE: When a key is selected, a triangular annunciator above the key is illuminated. 1 COM1 MIC – Selects the #1 transmitter for transmitting. COM1 receive is simultaneously selected when this key is pressed allowing received audio from the #1 COM receiver to be heard.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 14 5 COM3 MIC – Selects the KHF 1050 transmitter for transmitting (if installed). COM3 is simultaneously selected when this key is pressed allowing received audio from the HF receiver to be heard. COM3 can be deselected by pressing the COM3 Key, or COM1/COM2 can be added by pressing the COM1/COM2 Key. 6 COM3 – When selected, audio from the HF receiver (if installed) can be heard. 7 PA – Selects the passenger address system.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.4 SECURE DIGITAL CARDS NOTE: Refer to the Appendices for instructions on updating the aviation database. NOTE: Ensure that the G1000 system is powered off before inserting the SD card. The GDU 1040A and GDU 1500 data card slots use Secure Digital (SD) cards and are located on the top right portion of the display bezels. Each display bezel is equipped with two SD card slots. SD cards are used for aviation database and system software updates as well as terrain database storage.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.5 SYSTEM POWER-UP NOTE: Refer to the Appendices for AHRS initialization bank angle limitations. NOTE: See the Appendices for additional information regarding system-specific annunciations and alerts. NOTE: See the Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) for specific procedures concerning avionics power application and emergency power supply operation. The G1000 system is integrated with the aircraft electrical system and receives power directly from electrical busses.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.6 SYSTEM OPERATION The displays are connected together via a single Ethernet bus, thus allowing for high-speed communication. As shown in Figure 1-1, each GIA 63W is connected to the on-side PFD. This section discusses the normal and reversionary modes of operation as well as the various AHRS modes of the G1000 system.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW In reversionary mode, critical flight instrumentation is combined with engine instrumentation on the remaining display. Minimal navigation capability is available on the reversionary mode display. Figure 1-11 Reversionary Mode (Manual) If the system detects a failure in the MFD, PFD1 will enter reversionary mode automatically. Reversionary mode must be entered manually in the case of PFD1 or PFD2 failure.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AHRS OPERATION NOTE: Refer to the Appendices for specific AHRS alert information. NOTE: Aggressive maneuvering while the AHRS is not operating normally can degrade AHRS accuracy. In addition to using internal sensors, the GRS 77 AHRS uses GPS information, magnetic field data and air data to assist in attitude/heading calculations. In normal mode, the AHRS relies upon GPS and magnetic field measurements.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW GPS inputs fail, the AHRS continues to operate in reversionary No-GPS mode so long as the air data and magnetometer inputs are available and valid. AIR DATA INPUT FAILURE A failure of the air data input has no effect on AHRS output while AHRS is operating in normal mode. A failure of the air data input while the AHRS is operating in reversionary No-GPS mode results in invalid attitude and heading information on the PFD (as indicated by red “X” flags).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SOFTKEY FUNCTION The softkeys are located along the bottoms of the displays. The softkeys shown depend on the softkey level or page being displayed. The bezel keys below the softkeys can be used to select the appropriate softkey. When a softkey is selected, its color changes to black text on gray background and remains this way until it is turned off, at which time it reverts to white text on black background.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Description TOPO Displays topographical data (e.g.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 ALT UNIT METERS IN HPA STD BARO OBS CDI ADF/DME (when ADF is installed) or DME XPDR XPDR1 XPDR2 STBY ON ALT GND VFR CODE IDENT TMR/REF NRST MSG 190-00494-04 Rev. A Level 4 Description Displays softkeys for setting the altimeter and BARO settings to metric units When enabled, displays altimeter in meters Press to display the BARO setting as inches of mercury Press to display the BARO setting as hectopacals Sets barometric pressure to 29.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Level 1 Level 2 XPDR/TFC MODE TCAS CODE IDENT TMR/REF NRST MSG 24 Level 3 Level 4 Description Transponder/Traffic Softkeys with TCAS II Option Displays the transponder and TCAS II system selection softkeys Displays transponder mode selection softkeys STBY Selects transponder Standby Mode (transponder does not reply to any interrogations). When the transponder is set to standby, the TCAS II system is also set to standby.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Figure 1-17 Top Level PFD Softkeys WX LGND METAR TRFC-1 Select the BACK or OFF Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. TRFC-2 Figure 1-18 INSET Softkeys ADC1 ADC2 AHRS1 AHRS2 BACK MSG Press the BACK Softkey to return to the top level softkeys. Figure 1-19 SENSOR Softkeys 190-00494-04 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW (optional) SYN VIS ALT UNIT Select the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys METERS PATHWAY IN HPA SYN TERR HRZN HDG APTSIGNS Figure 1-20 PFD Configuration Softkeys MSG Press the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. MSG Press the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. Figure 1-21 XPDR Softkeys (without TCAS II) 26 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW TRFC/MAP SENSOR PFD OBS CDI ADF/DME XPDR/TFC IDENT TMR/REF NRST MSG Press the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. MODE TCAS CODE BACK IDENT MSG Selecting BACK returns to the previous softkey level. REL ABS ALT RNG TEST BACK MSG Selecting BACK returns to the previous softkey level. ABOVE NORMAL BELOW UNREST BACK MSG Selecting BACK returns to the previous softkey level.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Level 1 Level 2 NEXRAD Level 3 XM LTNG METAR LEGEND BACK DCLTR (3) SHW CHRT CAS ↑ CAS ↓ Description Displays NEXRAD weather and coverage information on Navigation Map (optional feature) Displays XM WX lightning information on Navigation Map (optional feature) Displays METAR flags on airport symbols shown on the Navigation Map Displays the legend for the selected weather products. Available only when NEXRAD, XM LTNG, METAR and/or PROFILE softkeys are selected.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW GPS RECEIVER OPERATION Each GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Unit (IAU) contains a GPS receiver. Information collected by the specified receiver (GPS1 for the #1 IAU or GPS2 for the #2 IAU) may be viewed on the AUX - GPS Status Page. GPS1 provides information to the pilot-side PFD and GPS2 provides data to the copilot-side PFD. Internal system checking is performed to ensure both GPS receivers are providing accurate data to the PFDs.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Satellite Constellation Diagram Satellite Signal Information Status GPS Receiver Status RAIM Availability Prediction Enabled SBAS Options Satellite Signal Strength Bars GPS Selection Softkeys RAIM Softkey Selected SBAS Softkey Selected Figure 1-24 GPS Status Page (RAIM or SBAS Selected) The GPS Status Page provides the following information: • Satellite constellation diagram Satellites currently in view are shown at their respective positions on a sky view diagram.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW The current calculated GPS position, time, altitude, ground speed, and track for the aircraft are displayed below the satellite signal accuracy measurements. • GPS receiver status The GPS solution type (ACQUIRING, 2D NAV, 2D DIFF NAV, 3D NAV, 3D DIFF NAV) for the active GPS receiver (GPS1 or GPS2) is shown in the upper right of the GPS Status Page.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW a) Use the large FMS Knob to scroll to the Most Recent Waypoints List. b) Use the small FMS Knob to highlight the desired waypoint in the list and press the ENT Key. The G1000 automatically fills in the identifier, facility, and city fields with the information for the selected waypoint. c) Press the ENT Key to accept the waypoint entry. 6) Use the FMS Knob to enter an arrival time and press the ENT Key. 7) Use the FMS Knob to enter an arrival date and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Disabling WAAS, EGNOS or MSAS 1) Select the GPS Status Page. 2) If necessary, select the SBAS Softkey. 3) Press the FMS Knob, and turn the large FMS Knob to hightlight the desired SBAS system. 4) Press the ENT Key to uncheck the box. 5) Press the FMS Knob to remove the cursor. • GPS Satellite Signal Strengths The GPS Status Page can be helpful in troubleshooting weak (or missing) signal levels due to poor satellite coverage or installation problems.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.7 ACCESSING G1000 FUNCTIONALITY MENUS The G1000 has a MENU Key that, when pressed, displays a context-sensitive list of options. This options list allows the user to access additional features or make settings changes which specifically relate to the currently displayed window/page. There is no all-encompassing menu. Some menus provide access to additional submenus that are used to view, edit, select, and review options.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Page Group MFD Active Page Title Pages in Current Group Page Groups Figure 1-26 Page Title and Page Groups The main page groups are navigated using the FMS Knob; specific pages within each group can vary depending on the configuration of optional equipment.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Waypoint Pages (WPT) Airport Information pages - Airport Information (INFO-1 Softkey) - Airport Directory (INFO-2 Softkey) - Departure Information (DP Softkey) - Arrival Information (STAR Softkey) - Approach Information (APR Softkey) - Weather Information (WX Softkey) Intersection Information Airport Information Pages NDB Information VOR Information User Waypoint Information Figure 1-28 Waypoint Pages Auxiliary Pages (AUX) Weight Planning Trip Planning Utility GPS Status System Setu
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Nearest Pages (NRST) Nearest Airports Nearest Intersections Nearest NDB Nearest VOR Nearest User Waypoints Nearest Frequencies Nearest Airspaces Figure 1-30 Nearest Pages In addition to the main page groups accessed exclusively using the FMS Knobs, there are pages for flight planning (FPL) and loading procedures (PROC) which are accessed by bezel key. In some instances, softkeys may be used to access the Procedure Pages. The Flight Plan Pages are accessed using the FPL Key on the MFD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Procedure pages may be accessed at any time on the MFD by pressing the PROC Key. A menu is initialized, and when a departure, approach, or arrival is selected, the appropriate Procedure Loading Page is opened. Turning the FMS Knob does not scroll through the Procedure pages (note the single page icon in the lower right corner).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Airspace Alerts Box Date/Time Box MFD Data Bar Fields Box Display Units Box GPS CDI Box COM Configuration Box Audio Alert Voice Selection Nearest Airports Box CDI and Altimeter Baro Sync Flight Director Command Bar Format Select Baro Transition Alert Page Navigation Settings Figure 1-33 System Setup Page Date/Time The Date/Time Box on the System Setup Page displays the current date and time and allows the pilot to set the time format (local 12-hr, local 24-hr, or UTC) and offset.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Display Units The Display Units Box on the System Setup Page allows configuration of the measurement units used for the following displayed data: • Nav angle (magnetic, true) Affects the BRG field in the PFD Navigation Status Box. Affects the BRG, DTK, TKE, TRK, and XTK fields in the MFD Navigation Status Box. • Position (HDDD°MM.MM’ or HDDD°MM’SS.S”) Affects all position displays.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW To turn an airspace alert on or off: 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired field in the Airspace Alerts Box. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob clockwise to turn the airspace alert ON or counterclockwise to turn the alert OFF. Audio Alerts The Audio Alert Box on the System Setup Page allows the audio alert voice to be set to male or female.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Page Navigation The large FMS Knob displays the Page Group Tabs and navigates through the tabs. The small FMS Knob navigates through the pages listed within a specific group. The number of clicks it takes to display the Page Group Tabs and change to the next tab can be controlled from the Page Navigation box on the AUX - System Setup Page. OFF – Displays the Page Group Tabs with one click of either FMS Knob.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW To change the ILS CDI capture setting: 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the ILS CDI capture field in the GPS CDI Box. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired mode and press the ENT Key. COM Configuration WARNING: Selecting the DFLTS Softkey will set the COM frequency spacing to 25.0 kHz, possibly resulting in loss of communications if using 8.33 kHz frequency spacing.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM STATUS PAGE The System Status Page displays the status and software version numbers for all detected system LRUs. Pertinent information on all system databases is also displayed. Active LRUs are indicated by green check marks and failed LRUs are indicated by red “X”s.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW UTILITY PAGE For flight planning purposes, timers, trip statistics, and a scheduler feature are provided on the AUX - Utility Page. The timers available include a stopwatch-like generic timer, a total time in flight timer, and a record of the time of departure. Trip statistics—odometer, trip odometer, and average trip and maximum groundspeeds— are displayed from the time of the last reset. Refer to the Additional Features section for a dicussion on the Scheduler feature.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘START?’ and press the ENT Key to start the timer. The field changes to ‘STOP?’. 6) To stop the timer, press the ENT Key with ‘STOP?’ highlighted. The field changes to ‘RESET?’. 7) To reset the timer, press the ENT Key with ‘RESET?’ highlighted. The field changes back to ‘START?’ and the digits are reset.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Trip Statistics The odometer and trip odometer record the total mileage traveled from the last reset; these odometers can be reset independently. Resetting the trip odometer also resets the average trip groundspeed. Maximum groundspeed for the period of time since the last reset is also displayed. Resetting trip statistics readouts 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - Utility Page. 2) Press the MENU Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.8 DISPLAY BACKLIGHTING The G1000 display and control backlighting can be adjusted either automatically or manually. Backlighting intensity ranges from 0.22% to 100% on the PFDs and 0.80% to 100.00% on the MFD. AUTOMATIC ADJUSTMENT When the aircraft panel dimmer bus is not used by the G1000 system, photocell technology automatically controls backlighting adjustments.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Adjust key backlighting manually 1) Press the MENU Key on the PFD to display the PFD Setup Menu Window. ‘AUTO’ becomes highlighted to the right of ‘PFD1 DSPL’. Figure 1-37 Manual Key Lighting Adjustment 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘PFD1 DSPL’. Turn the small FMS Knob in the direction of the green arrowhead to display ‘PFD1 KEY’. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘AUTO’ and turn the small FMS Knob to display the selection box.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Blank Page 50 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SECTION 2 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WARNING: If the airspeed, attitude, altitude, or heading indications become unusable, refer to the backup instruments. NOTE: The Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) provides additional readouts and bugs on selected flight instruments. Refer to the AFCS Section for details on these bugs and readouts, as they appear on the display during certain AFCS flight director modes.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 24 23 22 21 20 1 19 18 2 17 16 3 15 4 14 5 13 6 12 7 11 8 9 10 1 NAV Frequency Box 13 Selected Heading Bug 2 Airspeed Indicator 14 Turn Rate Indicator 3 Mach Number 15 Barometric Altimeter Setting 4 Current Heading 16 Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) 5 Current Track Indicator 17 Selected Altitude Bug 6 Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) 18 Altimeter 7 Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) 19 Selected Altitude 8 Ram Air Temperature (RAT) 20 CO
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 18 17 16 15 1 14 13 2 12 3 4 11 5 10 6 9 7 1 Traffic Annunciation 2 Flap Speed Reference 3 Radar Altimeter 4 Selected Heading 5 Wind Data 6 Inset Map 7 DME Information Window 8 Bearing Information Windows 9 Timer/References Window 8 10 Minimum Descent Altitude/ 11 Decision Height Selected Course 12 Required Vertical Speed 13 Current Vertical Speed 14 Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI) 15 Comparator Window 16 VNV Target Altitude 17 TAWS Annu
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.1 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AIRSPEED INDICATOR NOTE: Refer to the Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) for speed criteria and Vspeed values. NOTE: VREF cannot be set above the indicated value for VAPR. The Airspeed Indicator displays airspeed on a rolling number gauge using a moving tape. The numeric labels and major tick marks on the moving tape are shown at intervals of 10 knots, while minor tick marks on the moving tape are indicated at intervals of 5 knots.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Flap extension maximum speed references (for takeoff/approach, TA, and landing, LD, conditions) are displayed as flags to the right of the Airspeed Indicator for altitudes below 18,000 feet. These flags cannot be turned off or modified. The airspeed pointer will turn red upon exceeding these speeds if the flaps are in the corresponding configuration. Vspeeds can be changed and their flags along the right of the airspeed scale turned on/off.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Vspeed flags can be turned on or off and values restored all at once or by category (takeoff and landing). Modifying Vspeeds (on, off, restore defaults): 1) Press the TMR/REF Softkey. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) Turn the FMS Knob to highlight the desired selection. 4) Press the ENT Key. 5) To remove the window, press the CLR Key or the TMR/REF Softkey. Figure 2-7 Page Menu (Timer/References Window) 56 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ATTITUDE INDICATOR Attitude information is displayed over a virtual blue sky and brown ground with a white horizon line. The Attitude Indicator displays the pitch, roll, and slip/skid information.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The yellow symbolic aircraft on the Attitude Indicator changes appearance based on selection of AFCS flight director Command Bar format (see the AFCS Section for details). Both PFDs show the same Command Bar format and Aircraft Symbol. When the single-cue or the cross-pointer Command Bar format is selected, the Aircraft Symbol appears as shown. Changing Command Bar and Aircraft Symbol format: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page on the MFD.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ALTIMETER The Altimeter displays 600 feet of barometric altitude values at a time on a moving tape rolling number gauge. Numeric labels and major tick marks are shown at intervals of 100 feet. Minor tick marks are at intervals of 20 feet. The indicated altitude is displayed inside the black pointer. The Selected Altitude is displayed above the Altimeter in the box indicated by a selection bug symbol. A bug corresponding to this altitude is shown on the tape.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Altitudes can also be displayed in meters (Figure 2-14). Note that the altitude tape does not change scale. Displaying altitude in meters: 1) Press the PFD Softkey to display the second-level softkeys. 2) Press the ALT UNIT Softkey. 3) Press the METERS Softkey to turn on metric altitude readouts. 4) Press the BACK Softkey twice to return to the top-level softkeys.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If the barometric altimeter settings differ between PFDs by more than 0.02 in Hg, the readouts turn yellow (Figure 2-13). The settings can be synchronized from the AUX - System Setup Page on the MFD. The G1000 remembers the baro synchronization setting (ON or OFF) across power cycles. Synchronizing the altimeter barometric pressure settings: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A Baro Transition Alert is provided to alert the pilot to change the barometric pressure setting when crossing the transition altitude (in either direction). This is displayed by the barometric pressure setting flashing light blue when crossing the transition altitude. Setting the Baro Transition Alert: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR (VSI) The Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) displays the aircraft vertical speed with numeric labels and tick marks at 2000 and 4000 fpm in each direction on the non-moving tape. Minor tick marks are at intervals of 1000 fpm. The current vertical speed is displayed in the pointer, which also points to that speed on the non-moving tape. Digits appear in the pointer when the climb or descent rate is greater than 100 fpm.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HORIZONTAL SITUATION INDICATOR (HSI) The Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) displays a rotating compass card in a heading-up orientation. Letters indicate the cardinal points and numeric labels occur every 30˚. Major tick marks are at 10˚ intervals and minor tick marks at 5˚ intervals. The HSI presents heading, turn rate, course deviation, bearing, and navigation source information in a 360˚ compass-rose format.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A digital reading of the current heading appears on top of the HSI. The current track is represented on the HSI by a magenta diamond bug. To the upper left of the HSI, the Selected Heading is shown in light blue; the light blue bug on the compass rose corresponds to the Selected Heading. The Selected Course is shown to the upper right of the HSI. The color of the Selected Course corresponds to the selected navigation source: magenta for GPS or green for NAV (VOR, LOC).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Changing the navigation angle setting: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page on the MFD. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight Nav Angle in the Display Units box. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to highlight the desired setting and press the ENT Key. Figure 2-22 Navigation Angle Settings (AUX - System Setup Page) 66 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS TURN RATE INDICATOR The Turn Rate Indicator is located directly above the rotating compass card. Tick marks to the left and right of the lubber line denote half-standard and standard turn rates. A magenta Turn Rate Trend Vector shows the current turn rate. The end of the trend vector gives the heading predicted in 6 seconds, based on the present turn rate.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS • Bearing source (NAV, GPS, ADF) • Pointer icon (single line for BRG1, double line for BRG2) • Frequency (NAV, ADF) • Station/waypoint identifier (NAV, GPS) • GPS-derived great circle distance to bearing source If the NAV radio is the bearing source and is tuned to an ILS frequency, the bearing pointer is removed from the HSI and the frequency is replaced with ILS.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS COURSE DEVIATION INDICATOR (CDI) The Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) moves left or right from the course pointer along a lateral deviation scale to display aircraft position relative to the course. If the course deviation data is not valid, the CDI is not displayed. Flight Phase Navigation Source Scale Crosstrack Error CDI Figure 2-25 Course Deviation Indicator The CDI can display two sources of navigation: GPS or NAV (VOR, localizer).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Changing navigation sources: 1) Press the CDI Softkey to change from GPS to VOR1 or LOC1. This places the light blue tuning box over the NAV1 standby frequency in the upper left corner of the PFD. 2) Press the CDI Softkey again to change from VOR1 or LOC1 to VOR2 or LOC2. This places the light blue tuning box over the NAV2 standby frequency. 3) Press the CDI Softkey a third time to return to GPS.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If the same VOR/LOC navigation source is selected on both PFDs, the navigation source annunciation turns yellow on both displays (unless synchronized). Once the CDIs are synchronized (CDI turned on), they remain synchronized for the entire flight. Synchronization setting is maintained through power cycles. Synchronizing the CDIs: 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - System Setup Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS GPS CDI SCALING When GPS is the selected navigation source, the flight plan legs are sequenced automatically and annunciations appear on the HSI for the flight phase. Flight phase annunciations are normally shown in magenta, but when cautionary conditions exist the color changes to yellow. If the current leg in the flight plan is a heading leg, HDG LEG is annunciated in magenta beneath the aircraft symbol.
Departure Terminal Enroute (Oceanic if >200 nm from nearest airport) Terminal Refer to accompanying approach CDI scaling figures Approach 0.3 nm 1.0 nm 1.0 nm 2.0 nm 1.0 nm 0.3 nm CDI Full-scale Deflection FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Missed Approach Figure 2-30 Automatic CDI Scaling • Once a departure procedure is activated, the CDI is scaled for departure (0.3 nm). • The system switches from departure to terminal CDI scaling (1.
2 nm FAF FAF CDI scale varies if VTF is activated 0.3 nm 1.0 nm angle based on database information course width 2 nm CDI Full-scale Deflection 0.3 nm angle set by system 350 ft CDI scale is set to the smaller of 0.3 nm or an angle set by the system 1.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS OBS MODE NOTE: VNV is inhibited while automatic waypoint sequencing has been suspended. Enabling Omni-bearing Selector (OBS) Mode suspends the automatic sequencing of waypoints in a GPS flight plan (GPS must be the selected navigation source), but retains the current Active-to waypoint as the navigation reference even after passing the waypoint. OBS is annunciated to the lower right of the aircraft symbol when OBS Mode is selected.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Enabling/disabling OBS Mode while navigating a GPS flight plan: 1) Press the OBS Softkey to select OBS Mode. 2) Turn a CRS Knob to select the desired course to/from the waypoint. Press a CRS Knob to synchronize the Selected Course with the bearing to the next waypoint. 3) Press the OBS Softkey again to return to automatic waypoint sequencing. As the aircraft crosses the missed approach point (MAP), automatic approach waypoint sequencing is suspended.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.2 SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA NOTE: Pressing the DFLTS Softkey turns off metric Altimeter display, the Inset Map and wind data display. In addition to the flight instruments, the PFD also displays various supplemental information, including temperatures, wind data, and Vertical Navigation (VNV) indications.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WIND DATA Wind direction and speed (relative to the aircraft) can be displayed in a window to the upper left of the HSI. When the window is selected for display, but wind information is invalid or unavailable, the window shows “NO WIND DATA”. Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 No Data Figure 2-36 Wind Data Displaying wind data: 1) Press the PFD Softkey. 2) Press the WIND Softkey to display wind data below the Selected Heading.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS VERTICAL NAVIGATION (VNV) INDICATIONS When a VNV flight plan has been activated, VNV indications (VNV Target Altitude, RVSI, VDI) appear on the PFD in conjunction with the “TOD within 1 minute” message and “Vertical track” voice alert. See the Flight Management and AFCS sections for details on VNV features. VNV indications are removed from the PFD according to the criteria listed in the table.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.3 PFD ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTING FUNCTIONS The following annunciations and alerting functions are displayed on the PFD. Refer to the EICAS Section for information on the Crew Alerting System (CAS) and to Appendix A for more information on alerts and annunciations. SYSTEM ALERTING The System Messages Window conveys messages to the flight crew regarding problems with the G1000 System. When a new message is issued, the MSG Softkey flashes to alert the flight crew.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS MARKER BEACON ANNUNCIATIONS Marker Beacon Annunciations are displayed on the PFD to the left of the Selected Altitude. Outer marker reception is indicated in blue, middle in amber, and inner in white. Refer to the Audio Panel and CNS Section for more information on Marker Beacon Annunciations.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS TAWS ANNUNCIATIONS Terrain Awareness and Warning System Class B (TAWS-B) annunciations appear on the PFD to the upper left of the Altimeter. Refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section and Appendix A for information on TAWS-B alerts and annunciations. Figure 2-41 Example TAWS-B Annunciations MINIMUM DESCENT ALTITUDE/DECISION HEIGHT ALERTING For altitude awareness, a barometric Minimum Descent Altitude (MDA) or Decision Height (DH), based on barometric or radar altitude can be set.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Light Blue Within 2500 ft White Within 100 ft Yellow When Altitude Reached Barometric Minimum Bug Barometric Minimum Box Figure 2-42 Barometric MDA/DH Alerting Visual Annunciations The MDA/DH may be set from either PFD and is synchronized on both PFDs. The function is reset when the power is cycled. Setting the barometric or radar minimum descent altitude and bug: 1) Press the TMR/REF Softkey. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Minimums field.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ALTITUDE ALERTING The Altitude Alerting function provides visual and audio alerts when approaching the Selected Altitude. Whenever the Selected Altitude is changed, Altitude Alerting is reset. Altitude Alerting is based on the altitude information shown on PFD1. Altitude Alerting is independent of the AFCS, however, alerting tones and visual alerts only occur in GFC 700 installations.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS RADAR ALTIMETER (OPTIONAL) When the radar height (the aircraft altitude above ground level detected by the radar altimeter) is between zero and 2500 feet, the current value is displayed in green to the upper right of the HSI (Figure 2-46). Display of radar height becomes more sensitive as the height above ground decreases (Table 2-4).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS A ground line (Figure 2-49) is shown on the Altimeter to display the aircraft’s height relative to the ground. If the data becomes invalid, the message “RA FAIL” is displayed in yellow in place of the current radar height (Figure 2-50). The Radar Altimeter test is done on the MFD but is displayed on the PFD directly above the current heading (Figure 2-51).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.4 ABNORMAL OPERATIONS ABNORMAL GPS CONDITIONS The annunciations listed in the table can appear on the HSI when abnormal GPS conditions occur. Refer to the Flight Management Section for more information on Dead Reckoning Mode.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS UNUSUAL ATTITUDES When the aircraft enters an unusual pitch attitude, red extreme pitch warning chevrons pointing toward the horizon are displayed on the Attitude Indicator, starting at 50˚ above and 30˚ below the horizon line. Nose High Nose Low Figure 2-53 Pitch Attitude Warnings If pitch exceeds +30˚/-20˚ or bank exceeds 65˚, some information displayed on the PFD is removed.
ENGINE INDICATION & CREW ALERTING SYSTEM SECTION 3 ENGINE INDICATION & CREW ALERTING SYSTEM (EICAS) NOTE: Refer to the Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) for limitations. The Cessna Citation Mustang’s Engine Indication and Crew Alerting System (EICAS) offers improved flight operations and reduces crew workload by automatically monitoring critical system parameters and providing system alerts during all phases of flight.
ENGINE INDICATION & CREW ALERTING SYSTEM In the event of a display failure, depending on the failed display(s), the remaining display(s) may be reconfigured to present Primary Flight Display (PFD) symbology together with EICAS information (refer to the System Overview for more information about reversionary mode). In reversionary mode, the data is pared down to a single column on any display. The N1, N2, and ITT indicators are presented in the same way, but all other parameters are shown as readouts only.
ENGINE INDICATION & CREW ALERTING SYSTEM 3.1 ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM (EIS) 5 1 1 6 2 5 7 3 6 8 2 4 3 7 9 8 10 10 Figure 3-3 EICAS Display (Normal Mode) 190-00494-04 Rev. A Figure 3-4 EIS Display (Reversionary Mode) 1 Engine Fan Rotation Speed 6 Engine High Pressure Turbine Rotation Speed 2 Oil Pressure and Temperature 7 Electrical Display 3 Fuel Display 8 Pressurization Display 4 CAS Display (refer to Section 3.
ENGINE INDICATION & CREW ALERTING SYSTEM EIS information is presented using horizontal and vertical bar indicators and digital readouts. Green ranges on the instrument scales indicate normal ranges of operation; yellow and red bands indicate caution and warning, respectively. During normal operating conditions, an instrument’s pointer appears in white or green and readout text is green. Refer to each instrument description for additional details on display behavior.
ENGINE INDICATION & CREW ALERTING SYSTEM OIL PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE The oil pressure and temperature for each engine are shown below the N1 display under normal display operating conditions. Oil pressure is shown in pounds per square inch (psi) and temperature in degrees Celsius (°C). When oil pressure and temperature are in the normal operating range, no readout is provided. When an abnormal operating condition occurs, the readouts appear in the corresponding color.
ENGINE INDICATION & CREW ALERTING SYSTEM INTERSTAGE TURBINE TEMPERATURE Interstage Turbine Temperatures (ITT) are displayed along a slider scale in °C. ITT values and limits are obtained from the FADEC. ITT is shown in the same format in display reversionary mode. During normal operations, the sliders appear in white and no readout is shown. Readouts are provided for each engine below the scale during engine start, for values below 200°C, or for caution and warning values.
ENGINE INDICATION & CREW ALERTING SYSTEM PRESSURIZATION DISPLAY Cabin pressurization information (cabin altitude and rate of change, destination elevation, differential cabin pressure) is shown beneath the electrical display. Only cabin altitude and the pressure differential readouts are displayed in reversionary mode. Cabin altitude is shown on a color-coded scale labeled in 5,000-ft increments with a readout (in feet) below (unless on the ground).
ENGINE INDICATION & CREW ALERTING SYSTEM The destination elevation (from -1,000 to 14,000 feet) entered in the PFD Timer/References Window is displayed below the cabin altitude readings. This value is retained by the G1000 on power-down. Setting the destination elevation: 1) Press the TMR/REF Softkey. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the ‘DEST ELV’ field. 3) Use the small FMS Knob to enter the destination elevation (in 10-ft increments from -1,000 to 14,000 feet).
ENGINE INDICATION & CREW ALERTING SYSTEM 3.2 CREW ALERTING SYSTEM (CAS) NOTE: Aural alerts associated with abnormal conditions and advisories are managed through the Audio Panels. Refer to the Audio Panel and CNS Section for more information. NOTE: If there is a mismatch between databases or software on the PFDs, CAS is inoperative. The Crew Alerting System (CAS) Display is located in the lower left corner of the EICAS Display (on the MFD) under normal display conditions.
ENGINE INDICATION & CREW ALERTING SYSTEM CAS MESSAGES AND PRIORITIZATION NOTE: Information on CAS messages in this pilot’s guide is always superseded by the AFM. CAS messages are grouped by criticality (warning, caution, advisory) and sorted by order of appearance (most recent messages on top).
ENGINE INDICATION & CREW ALERTING SYSTEM When degrading to a lower priority condition, the message moves to the top of the appropriate grouping, but does not require new acknowledgment. Red warning messages cannot be scrolled through and remain at the top of the CAS display. The scroll bar changes color to yellow if more caution messages exist than can be displayed at once or if caution messages have been scrolled off the display.
ENGINE INDICATION & CREW ALERTING SYSTEM Messages Warning Caution Description Advisory SURFACE DE-ICE T2 HTR FAIL L-R* TAIL CONE BLD LK TAIL DE-ICE FAIL W/S A/I FAIL L-R* W/S O’HEAT L-R* WING DE-ICE FAIL WOW MISCOMPARE W/S A/I FAIL L-R* W/S O’HEAT L-R* De-ice boots inflating/deflating as designed T2 probe heater failure Tailcone temp high, possible bleed air leak.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SECTION 4 AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.1 OVERVIEW The Communication/Navigation/Surveillance (CNS) system includes the Audio Panels, communication radios, navigation radios, and Mode S transponders. The System Overview Section provides a block diagram description of the Audio Panels and CNS system interconnection.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS PFD CONTROLS AND FREQUENCY DISPLAY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Figure 4-1 PFD Controls, COM/NAV Frequency Tuning Boxes, and ADF/DME Tuning Window 102 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 1 NAV VOL/ID Knob – Controls NAV audio volume level. Press to turn the Morse code identifier audio on and off. Volume level is shown in the NAV frequency field as a percentage. 2 NAV Frequency Transfer Key – Transfers the standby and active NAV frequencies. 3 NAV Knob – Tunes the standby frequencies for the NAV receiver (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz). Press to move the tuning box (light blue box) and Frequency Transfer Arrow between NAV1 and NAV2.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUDIO PANEL CONTROLS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 21 25 24 GMA 1347D GMA 1347D-20 Figure 4-2 Audio Panel Controls NOTE: When a key is selected, a triangular annunciator above the key is illuminated. 104 1 COM1 MIC – Selects the #1 transmitter for transmitting. COM1 receive is simultaneously selected when this key is pressed allowing received audio from the #1 COM receiver to be heard.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 5 COM3 MIC – Selects the optional #3 transmitter for transmitting. COM3 receive is simultaneously selected when this key is pressed allowing received audio from the #3 COM receiver to be heard. 6 COM3 – When selected, audio from the optional #3 COM receiver can be heard. 7 PA – Selects the passenger address system. The selected COM transmitter is deselected when the PA Key is pressed. 8 TEL – Not used in the Cessna Citation Mustang.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.2 COM OPERATION COM TRANSCEIVER SELECTION AND ACTIVATION NOTE: During PA Mode, the COM MIC Annunciator is extinguished and the COM active frequency color changes to white, indicating that neither COM transmitter is active. NOTE: When turning on the G1000 for use, the system remembers the last frequencies used and the active COM transceiver state prior to shutdown.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS TRANSMIT/RECEIVE INDICATIONS During COM transmission, a white TX appears by the active COM frequency replacing the Frequency Transfer Arrow. On the Audio Panel, when the active COM is transmitting, the active transceiver COM MIC Key Annunciator flashes approximately once per second. During COM signal reception, a white RX appears by the active COM frequency replacing the Frequency Transfer Arrow.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SELECTING THE RADIO TO BE TUNED Press the small COM Knob to transfer the frequency tuning box and Frequency Transfer Arrow between the upper and lower radio frequency fields. Press the COM Knob to Switch the Tuning Box From One COM Radio to the Other Figure 4-6 Switching COM Tuning Boxes QUICK-TUNING AND ACTIVATING 121.500 MHZ Pressing and holding the COM Frequency Transfer Key for two seconds automatically loads the emergency COM frequency (121.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING THE COM FREQUENCY COM frequencies can be automatically tuned from the following: • Nearest Airports Window (PFD) • NRST – Nearest Frequencies Page (ARTCC, FSS, WX) • WPT – Airport Information Page • NRST – Nearest Airspaces Page • NRST – Nearest Airports Page AUTO-TUNING FROM THE PFD COM frequencies for the nearest airports can be automatically tuned from the Nearest Airports Window on the PFD. When the desired frequency is entered, it becomes a standby frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING FROM THE MFD Frequencies can be automatically loaded into the COM Frequency Box from pages in the NRST or WPT page group by highlighting the frequency and pressing the ENT Key (Figures 4-9, 4-10, and 4-11). Auto-tuning a COM frequency from the WPT and NRST Pages: 1) From any page that the COM frequency can be auto-tuned, activate the cursor by pressing the FMS Knob on the MFD control unit or selecting the appropriate softkey.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS Or: 1) Press the MENU Key on the MFD control unit (Figure 4-9) to display the page menu (Figure 4-10). 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the menu options. 3) Press the ENT Key to place the cursor on the desired selection. 4) Scroll through the frequency selections with the FMS Knob or the ENT Key. 5) Press the ENT Key to load the COM frequency into the standby field of the selected COM radio.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS On the WPT - Airport Information Page, the cursor can be placed on the frequency field by pressing the FMS Knob and scrolling through the list. The frequency is transferred to the COM Standby Field with the ENT Key. Selected Airport Identifier and Information Runway Information Press ENT Key to load frequency into PFD1 COM Standby Field. Cursor then advances to the next frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS COM frequencies can also be auto-tuned from the NRST – Nearest Airspaces, NRST – Nearest Frequencies, and NRST – Nearest Airports Pages on the MFD in a similar manner using the appropriate softkeys or MENU Key, the FMS Knob, and the ENT Key. Figure 4-12 NRST – Nearest Airspaces, NRST – Nearest Airports, and NRST – Nearest Frequencies Pages 190-00494-04 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS FREQUENCY SPACING The G1000 COM radios can tune either 25-kHz spacing (118.000 to 136.975 MHz) or 8.33-kHz spacing (118.000 to 136.990 MHz) for 760-channel or 3040-channel configuration. When 8.33-kHz channel spacing is selected, all of the 25-kHz channel spacing frequencies are also available in the complete 3040-channel list. COM channel spacing is set on the System Setup Page of the AUX Page Group. 8.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTOMATIC SQUELCH Automatic Squelch quiets unwanted static noise when no audio signal is received, while still providing good sensitivity to weak COM signals. To disable Automatic Squelch, press the VOL/SQ Knob. When Automatic Squelch is disabled, COM audio reception is always on. Continuous static noise is heard over the headsets and speaker, if selected. Pressing the VOL/SQ Knob again enables Automatic Squelch.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.3 NAV OPERATION NAV RADIO SELECTION AND ACTIVATION The NAV Frequency Box is composed of four fields; two standby fields and two active fields. The active frequencies are on the right side and the standby frequencies are on the left. A NAV radio is selected for navigation by pressing the CDI Softkey located on the PFD. The active NAV frequency selected for navigation is displayed in green. Pressing the CDI Softkey once selects NAV1 as the navigation radio.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS NAV radios are selected for listening by pressing the corresponding keys on the Audio Panel. Pressing the NAV1, NAV2, ADF, or DME Key selects and deselects the navigation radio source. Selected audio can be heard over the headset and the speakers (if selected). All radios can be selected individually or simultaneously. Figure 4-18 Selecting a NAV Radio Receiver NAV RECEIVER MANUAL TUNING The NAV frequency controls and frequency boxes are on the left side of the PFDs.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SELECTING THE RADIO TO BE TUNED Press the small NAV Knob to transfer the frequency tuning box and Frequency Transfer Arrow between the upper and lower radio frequency fields. Press the NAV Knob to Switch the Tuning Box from One NAV Radio to the Other Figure 4-20 Switching NAV Tuning Boxes VOR/LOC ID When the Morse code Identifier audio is on for a NAV radio, a white ID appears to the left of the active NAV frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING A NAV FREQUENCY FROM THE MFD NAV frequencies can be selected and loaded from the following MFD pages: • WPT – Airport Information • NRST – Nearest VOR • WPT – VOR Information • NRST – Nearest Frequencies (FSS, WX) • NRST – Nearest Airports • NRST – Nearest Airspaces The MFD provides auto-tuning of NAV frequencies from waypoint and nearest pages. During enroute navigation, the NAV frequency is entered automatically into the NAV standby frequency field.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS Or: 1) When on the NRST pages, press the MENU Key on the MFD control unit to display the page menu. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the menu options. 3) Press the ENT Key to place the cursor in the desired window. 4) Scroll through the frequency selections with the FMS Knob or the ENT Key. 5) Press the ENT Key to load the NAV frequency into the standby field of the selected NAV radio.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS In the example shown, the VOR list is selected with the VOR Softkey or from the page menu. The FMS Knob or ENT Key is used to scroll through the list. The cursor is placed on the frequency with the FREQ Softkey and loaded into the NAV Tuning Box with the ENT Key. Select the VOR Softkey to Place the Cursor on the VOR Identifier Press the ENT Key to Load the Frequency into the NAV Standby Field.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS While enroute, NAV frequencies can also be auto-tuned from the NRST – Nearest Airports, WPT – Airport Information, WPT – VOR Information, and NRST – Nearest Frequencies Pages on the MFD in a similar manner using the appropriate softkeys or MENU Key, the FMS Knob, and the ENT Key. Figure 4-26 NRST – Nearest Frequencies, WPT – VOR Information, WPT – Airport Information, and NRST – Nearest Airports Pages 122 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING NAV FREQUENCIES ON APPROACH ACTIVATION NOTE: The primary NAV frequency is auto-tuned upon loading a VOR or ILS/Localizer approach. NOTE: When an ILS/LOC approach has been activated in GPS Mode, the system switches to NAV Mode as the final approach course is intercepted (within 15 nm of the FAF). See the Flight Management Section for details. NAV frequencies are automatically loaded into the NAV Frequency Box on approach activation, on both PFD1 and PFD2.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS MARKER BEACON RECEIVER NOTE: The marker beacon indicators operate independently of marker beacon audio and cannot be turned off. The marker beacon receiver is used as part of the ILS. The marker beacon receiver is always on and detects any marker beacon signals within the reception range of the aircraft. The receiver detects the three marker tones – outer, middle, and inner – and provides the marker beacon annunciations located to the left of the Altimeter on the PFD.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ADF/DME TUNING NOTE: When another auxiliary window is turned on, the ADF/DME Tuning Window is replaced on the PFD. See the Flight Instruments Section for displaying the DME and bearing information windows (ADF) and using the ADF as the source for the bearing pointer. The G1000 system tunes the ADF receiver (optional) and DME transceiver (optional). The ADF is tuned by entering the frequency in the ADF standby frequency field of the ADF/DME Tuning Window.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ADF TUNING ADF frequencies in the 190.0-kHz to 1799.5-kHz range are entered in the standby ADF frequency field of the ADF/DME Tuning Window. The G1000 System does not tune the ADF emergency frequency, 2182.0‑kHz. Tuning an ADF frequency: 1) Press the ADF/DME Softkey to display the ADF/DME Tuning Window. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the selection cursor over the standby ADF frequency field. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to begin data entry and change each digit.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SELECTING ADF RECEIVER MODE The following modes can be selected: (In all modes NDB audio can be heard by pressing the ADF Key on the Audio Panel.) • ANT (Antenna) – The ADF bearing pointer parks on the HSI at 90 degrees. Best mode for listening to NDB audio. • ADF (Automatic Direction Finder) – The ADF pointer points to the relative bearing of the NDB station.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS DME TUNING NOTE: When turning on the G1000 for use, the system remembers the last frequency used for DME tuning and the NAV1, NAV2, or HOLD state prior to shutdown. The DME transceiver is tuned by selecting NAV1, NAV2, or HOLD in the ADF/DME Tuning Window. DME Modes Figure 4-34 ADF/DME Tuning Window, DME Modes The following DME transceiver pairing can be selected: • NAV1 – Pairs the DME frequency from the selected NAV1 frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.4 MODE S TRANSPONDER The Mode S Transponders provide Mode A, Mode C, and Mode S interrogation and reply capabilities. Diversity incorporates antennas mounted on the top and bottom of the aircraft for dependable operation while maneuvering.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS GTX 33/33D TRANSPONDER CONTROLS Transponder function is displayed on three levels of softkeys on the PFD: Top-level, Mode Selection, and Code Selection. When the top-level XPDR Softkey is pressed, the Mode Selection softkeys appear: XPDR1, XPDR2, STBY, ON, ALT, VFR, CODE, IDENT, BACK. When the CODE Softkey is pressed, the number softkeys appear: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, IDENT, BKSP, BACK. The digits 8 and 9 are not used for code entry.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS GTX 33/33D TRANSPONDER MODE SELECTION Mode selection can be automatic (Ground and Altitude Modes) or manual (Standby, ON, and Altitude Modes). The STBY, ON, and ALT Softkeys can be accessed by pressing the XPDR Softkey. Selecting a transponder mode: 1) Press the XPDR Softkey to display the Transponder Mode Selection Softkeys. 2) Press the desired softkey to activate the transponder mode. GROUND MODE Ground Mode is normally selected automatically when the aircraft is on the ground.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS MANUAL ON MODE ON Mode can be selected at any time by pressing the ON Softkey. ON Mode generates Mode A and Mode S replies, but Mode C altitude reporting is inhibited. In ON Mode, a green ON indication and transponder code appear in the mode field of the Transponder Data Box. ON Mode (No Altitude Reporting) Figure 4-38 ON Mode ALTITUDE MODE (AUTOMATIC OR MANUAL) Altitude Mode is automatically selected when the aircraft becomes airborne.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS TCAS II TRANSPONDER CONTROLS (OPTIONAL) Transponder function is displayed on three levels of softkeys on the PFD: Top-level, Transponder/Traffic Selection, and Mode Selection or Code Entry. When the top-level XPDR/TFC Softkey is selected, the Function Select softkeys appear: XPDR1, XPDR2, MODE, TCAS, CODE, IDENT, BACK. When the MODE Softkey is selected, the Mode Selection softkeys appear: STBY, ON, ALT, TA ONLY, TA/ RA, BACK.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS TCAS II TRANSPONDER MODE SELECTION (OPTIONAL) Mode selection can be automatic (Altitude Mode) or manual (Standby, On, and Altitude Modes). The STBY, ON, ALT, TA ONLY, and TA/RA Softkeys can be accessed by selecting the XPDR/TRC Softkey, then the MODE Softkey. Selecting a transponder mode: 1) Select the XPDR/TRC Softkey. 2) Select the MODE Softkey to display the Transponder Mode Selection Softkeys. 3) Select the desired softkey to activate the transponder mode (STBY, ON, or ALT).
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ON MODE (MANUAL) NOTE: TCAS II is switched to Standby Mode, because the transponder is not capable of supporting TCAS II operation in On Mode. ON Mode can be selected at any time by selecting the ON Softkey. ON Mode generates Mode A replies, but Mode C altitude reporting is inhibited. Acquisition squitter and replies to discretely addressed Mode S interrogations are also permitted.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ENTERING A TRANSPONDER CODE Entering a transponder code with softkeys: 1) Press the XPDR Softkey to display the Transponder Mode Selection Softkeys. 2) Press the CODE Softkey to display the Transponder Code Selection Softkeys, for digit entry. 3) Press the digit softkeys to enter the code in the code field. When entering the code, the next softkey in sequence must be pressed within 10 seconds, or the entry is cancelled and restored to the previous code.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS VFR CODE The VFR code can be entered either manually or by pressing the XPDR Softkey, then the VFR Softkey. When the VFR Softkey is pressed, the pre-programmed VFR code is automatically displayed in the code field of the Transponder Data Box. Pressing the VFR Softkey again restores the previous identification code. The pre-programmed VFR Code is set at the factory to 1200. If a VFR code change is required, contact a Garmin-authorized service center for configuration.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS FLIGHT ID REPORTING The flight crew must enter the Flight ID before flight operation. The number is entered in the Timer/ References Window on the PFD. The Flight ID is not to exceed seven characters. No space is needed when entering Flight ID. When a Flight ID contains a space, the system automatically removes it upon completion of Flight ID entry. If configuration is set to “SAME AS TAIL” the aircraft tail number will always be displayed.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.5 ADDITIONAL AUDIO PANEL FUNCTIONS POWER-UP The Audio Panels perform a self-test during power-up. During the self-test all Audio Panel annunciator lights illuminate for approximately two seconds. Once the self-test is completed, most of the settings are restored to those in use before the unit was last turned off. The exceptions are the speaker and intercom, which are always selected during power up. MONO/STEREO HEADSETS Stereo headsets are recommended for use in this aircraft.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS INTERCOM Pressing the INTR COM Key on either Audio Panel selects and deselects the intercom on both Audio Panels. The annunciator is lit when the intercom is active. The intercom connects the pilot and copilot together. Either the pilot or copilot may select or deselect the intercom. The MAN SQ Key allows either automatic or manual control of the intercom squelch setting. Pressing the MAN SQ Key enables manual squelch control, indicated by the MAN SQ annunciator.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS PASSENGER ADDRESS (PA) SYSTEM A passenger address system is provided by pressing the PA Key to deliver messages to the passengers. The message is heard by the other pilot on the headset only if the INTR COM Key is enabled. PA messages are one way from the flight deck to the passengers. A Push-to-talk (PTT) must be pressed to deliver PA announcements. The announcements are heard over the cockpit speakers and by the passengers over their headphones.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS CLEARANCE RECORDER AND PLAYER The Audio Panels contain a digital clearance recorder that records up to 2.5 minutes of the selected COM radio signal. Recorded COM audio is stored in separate memory blocks. Once 2.5 minutes of recording time have been reached, the recorder begins recording over the stored memory blocks, starting from the oldest block. Pressing the REC Key enables recording of audio from the COM radio selected for transmission.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.6 AUDIO PANELS PREFLIGHT PROCEDURE NOTE: If the flight crew is using headsets that have a high/low switch or volume control knob, verify that the switch is in the high position and the volume control on the headsets are at max volume setting. On single‑pilot flights, verify that all other headsets are not connected to avoid excess noise in the audio system. NOTE: When the MAN SQ Key is pressed, the flight crew is now able to set the ICS squelch manually.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS Setting the Audio Panel volume levels during preflight: 1) Verify the INTR COM Key is selected. 2) Verify manual squelch is set to minimum. 3) Turn the MSTR Knob (Master Volume Control) on both Audio Panels clockwise two full turns. This sets the headset audio level to max volume (least amount of attenuation). 4) Adjust radio volume levels (COM, NAV, etc.) to a suitable level. 5) Adjust the ICS volume Knob on each Audio Panel to the desired intercom level.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.7 ABNORMAL OPERATION Abnormal operation of the G1000 includes equipment failures of the G1000 components and failure of associated equipment, including switches and external devices. STUCK MICROPHONE If the push-to-talk (PTT) Key becomes stuck, the COM transmitter stops transmitting after 35 seconds of continuous operation. An alert appears on the PFD to advise the crew of a stuck microphone.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS If PFD2 fails, COM2 and NAV2 display a red X on the remaining PFD display. NAV2 is unavailable. COM2 tunes 121.500 MHz, but the frequency is not shown. The COM2 emergency frequency is available to both the copilot and pilot.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SECTION 5 FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.1 INTRODUCTION The G1000 is an integrated flight, engine, communication, navigation and surveillance system. This section of the Pilot’s Guide explains flight management using the G1000. The most prominent part of the G1000 are the three full color displays: two Primary Flight Displays (PFD) and a Multi Function Display (MFD). The information to successfully navigate the aircraft using the GPS sensors is displayed on the PFD and the MFD.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Navigation Status Box Navigation Mode Inset Map Location of: - Direct To Window - Flight Plan Window - Procedures Window - Nearest Airports Window Figure 5-1 GPS Navigation Information on the PFD Navigation Status Box Map Orientation Navigation Map - Aviation Data - Geographic Data - Topographic Data - Hazard Data Active Flight Plan Leg Aircraft Icon at Present Position Flight Plan Leg Map Range Figure 5-2 GPS Navigation Information on the MFD Navigation Page NAVIGATION STATUS BOX
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT • Active flight plan leg (e.g., ‘D-> KICT’ or ‘KIXD -> KCOS’) or flight plan annunciations (e.g., ‘Turn right to 021˚ in 8 seconds’) The Navigation Status Box located at the top of the MFD contains four data fields, each displaying one of the following items: • Distance (DIS) and Bearing (BRG) to the next waypoint or flight plan annunciations (e.g.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.2 USING MAP DISPLAYS Map displays are used extensively in the G1000 to provide situational awareness in flight. Most G1000 maps can display the following information: • Airports, NAVAIDs, airspaces, airways, land data • Aircraft icon (representing present position) (highways, cities, lakes, rivers, borders, etc.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT • Desired track up (DTK UP) aligns the top of the map display to the desired course. • Heading up (HDG UP) aligns the top of the map display to the current aircraft heading. NOTE: When panning or reviewing active flight plan legs in a non-North Up orientation, the map does not show the map orientation nor the wind direction and speed. NOTE: Map orientation can only be changed on the Navigation Map Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired orientation. 5) Press the ENT Key to select the new orientation. 6) Press the FMS Knob to return to the base page. MAP RANGE There are 28 different map ranges available, from 500 feet to 2000 nm. The current range is indicated in the lower right corner of the map and represents the top-to-bottom distance covered by the map.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT • Waypoints that are very short distances apart cause the map range to decrease to a point where situational awareness may not be what is desired. Increase the minimum look ahead time to a value that limits the auto zoom to a minimum range that provides acceptable situational awareness. • Flight plans that have a combination of long and short legs cause the range to increase and decrease as waypoints sequence.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 8) Use the FMS Knobs to set the time. Press the ENT Key. 9) Repeat step 8 for ‘MIN LOOK FWD’ (zero to 99 minutes) and ‘TIME OUT’ (zero to 99 minutes). 10) Press the FMS Knob to return to the Navigation Map Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT When the Map Pointer is placed on an object, the name of the object is highlighted (even if the name was not originally displayed on the map). When any map feature or object is selected on the map display, pertinent information is displayed. Information about Point of Interest Map Pointer on POI Figure 5-9 Navigation Map - Map Pointer on Point of Interest 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT When the Map Pointer crosses an airspace boundary, the boundary is highlighted and airspace information is shown at the top of the display. The information includes the name and class of airspace, the ceiling in feet above Mean Sea Level (MSL), and the floor in feet MSL. Information about Airspace Map Pointer on Airspace Figure 5-10 Navigation Map - Map Pointer on Airspace Panning the map: 1) Press the Joystick to display the Map Pointer.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Reviewing information for an airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint: 1) Place the Map Pointer on a waypoint. 2) Press the ENT Key to display the Waypoint Information Page for the selected waypoint. 3) Press the GO BACK Softkey, the CLR Key, or the ENT Key to exit the Waypoint Information Page. NAVAID Information GO BACK Softkey Figure 5-11 Navigation Map - Information Window - NAVAID 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Viewing airspace information for a special-use or controlled airspace: 1) Place the Map Pointer on an open area within the boundaries of an airspace. 2) Press the ENT Key to display an options menu. 3) ‘Review Airspaces’ should already be highlighted, if not select it. Press the ENT Key to display the Airspace Information Page for the selected airspace. 4) Press the CLR or ENT Key to exit the Airspace Information Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT MEASURING BEARING AND DISTANCE Distance and bearing from the aircraft’s present position to any point on the viewable navigation map may be calculated using the ‘Measure Bearing and Distance’ selection from Navigation Map page menu. The bearing and distance tool displays a dashed Measurement Line and a Measure Pointer to aid in graphically identifying points with which to measure.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT TOPOGRAPHY All navigation maps can display various shades of topography colors representing land elevation, similar to aviation sectional charts. Topographic data can be displayed or removed as described in the following procedures.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT TOPO DATA On/Off TOPO DATA Range Figure 5-15 Navigation Map Setup Menu - TOPO DATA Setup The topographic data range is the maximum map range on which topographic data is displayed. NOTE: Since the PFD Inset Map is much smaller than the MFD navigation maps, items are removed on the PFD Inset Map two range levels smaller than the range selected in the Map Setup pages (e.g.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT In addition, the Navigation Map can display a topographic scale (located in the lower right hand side of the map) showing a scale of the terrain elevation and current elevation values.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT MAP SYMBOLS This section discusses the types of land and aviation symbols that can be displayed. Each listed type of symbol can be turned on or off, and the maximum range to display each symbol can be set. The decluttering of the symbols from the map using the DCLTR Softkey is also discussed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AVIATION SYMBOLS The following items are configured on the aviation menu: Aviation Symbols (Text label size can be None, Small, Medium (Med), or Large (Lrg)) Symbol Default Maximum Range (nm) Range (nm) Active Flight Plan Leg (ACTIVE FPL) 2000 2000 Non-active Flight Plan Leg (ACTIVE FPL) 2000 2000 2000 250 150 50 3 Off 15 2000 500 300 100 20 100 30 Non-directional Beacon (NDB WAYPOINT) 15 30 VOR (VOR WAYPOINT) 150 300 Class B Airspace/TMA (CLASS B/TMA) 200 500 Class C
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SYMBOL SETUP All pages with maps can display land symbols (roads, lakes, borders, etc). Land symbols can be removed totally (turned off). Displaying/removing all land symbols: 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The Page Menu is displayed and the cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Press the ENT Key. The Map Setup Group Menu is displayed and the cursor flashes on the ‘Map’ option. 3) Highlight the ‘LAND DATA’ field. 4) Select ‘On’ or ‘Off’.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 9) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected range. 10) Press the FMS Knob to return to the Navigation Map Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT MAP DECLUTTER The declutter feature allows the pilot to progressively step through four levels of removing map information. The declutter level is displayed in the DCLTR Softkey and next to the Declutter Menu Option. Declutter Level DCLTR Softkey Navigation Map Page Menu Figure 5-21 Navigation Map - Declutter Level Indications Decluttering the map: Select the DCLTR Softkey with the Navigation Map Page displayed (the current declutter level is shown on the softkey).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Table 5-3 lists the items displayed at each declutter level. The ‘X’ represents map items displayed for the various levels of declutter.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT AIRWAYS This airways discussion is based upon the North American airway structure. The airway structure in places other than North America vary by location, etc. and are not discussed in this book. Low Altitude Airways (or Victor Airways) primarily serve smaller piston-engine, propeller-driven airplanes on shorter routes and at lower altitudes. Airways are eight nautical miles wide and start 1,200 feet above ground level (AGL) and extend up to 18,000 feet mean sea level (MSL).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Airways may be displayed on the map at the pilot’s discretion using either a combination of AIRWAYS Softkey selections, or menu selections using the MENU Key from the Navigation Map Page. The Airway range can also be programmed to only display Airways on the MFD when the map range is at or below a specific number. Displaying/removing airways: 1) Select the MAP Softkey. 2) Select the AIRWAYS Softkey. Both High and Low Altitude Airways are displayed (AIRWY ON).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The following range items are configurable on the airways menu: Airway Type Symbol Low Altitude Airway (LOW ALT AIRWAY) Default Maximum Range (nm) Range (nm) 200 500 High Altitude Airway (HI ALT AIRWAY) 300 500 Table 5-4 Airway Range Information TRACK VECTOR The Navigation Map can display a track vector that is useful in minimizing track angle error. The track vector is a solid light blue line segment extended to a predicted location.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Wind Vector On/Off Nav Range Ring On/Off Track Vector - On/Off - Look Ahead Time Fuel Range - On/Off - Fuel Reserve Time Figure 5-25 Navigation Map Setup Menu -TRACK VECTOR, WIND VECTOR, NAV RANGE RING, FUEL RANGE RING Setup WIND VECTOR The map displays a wind vector arrow in the upper right-hand portion of the screen. Wind vector information is displayed as a white arrow pointing in the direction in which the wind is moving for wind speeds greater than or equal to 1 kt.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NAV RANGE RING The Nav Range Ring shows the direction of travel (ground track) on a rotating compass card. The range is determined by the map range. The range is 1/4 of the map range (e.g., 37.5 nm on a 150 nm map). Range (radius) Nav Range Ring Figure 5-27 Navigation Map - Nav Range Ring NOTE: The Nav Range Ring is not displayed on the Waypoint Information pages, Nearest pages, or Direct-to Window map.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FUEL RANGE RING The map can display a fuel range ring which shows the remaining flight distance. A dashed green circle indicates the selected range to reserve fuel. A solid green circle indicates the total endurance range. If only reserve fuel remains, the range is indicated by a solid yellow circle.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FIELD OF VIEW (SVS) The map can display the boundaries of the PFD Synthetic Vision System (SVS) lateral field of view. The field of view is shown as two dashed lines forming a V shape in front of the aircraft symbol on the map. This is only available if SVS is installed on the aircraft. Lateral Field of View Boundaries Figure 5-29 Navigation Map - Field of View Displaying/removing the field of view: 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SELECTED ALTITUDE INTERCEPT ARC The map can display the location along the current track where the aircraft will intercept the selected altitude. The location will be shown as a light blue arc when the aircraft is actuallly climbing or descending. Range to Altitude Arc Figure 5-30 Navigation Map - Range to Altitude Arc Displaying/removing the selected altitude intercept arc: 1) Press the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.3 WAYPOINTS Waypoints are predetermined geographical positions (internal database) or pilot-entered positions, and are used for all phases of flight planning and navigation. Communication and navigation frequencies can be tuned “automatically” from various Waypoint Information (WPT) pages, Nearest (NRST) pages, and the Nearest Airports Window (on PFD). This auto-tuning feature simplifies frequency entry over manual tuning.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Identifier with Duplicates Duplicate Waypoints Duplicate Message Figure 5-32 Waypoint Information Window - Duplicate Identifier AIRPORTS NOTE: ‘North Up’ orientation on the Airport Information Page cannot be changed; the pilot needs to be aware of proper orientation if the Navigation Map orientation is different from the Airport Information Page Map.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Airport Information - ID/Facility/City - Usage Type/Region - Lat/Long/Elev - Fuel Available - Time Zone (UTC Offset) Navigation Map Showing Selected Airport Runway Information - Designation - Length/Width/Surface - Lighting Available Airport/Runway Diagram COM/NAV Freq. Info.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Airport Directory Information Airport Information - ID/Facility/City - Usage Type/Region Softkeys Figure 5-34 Airport Directory Page Example The AOPA directory information is viewed on the Airport Directory Page by pressing the INFO softkey until INFO-2 is displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Selecting an airport for review by identifier, facility name, or location: 1) From the Airport Information Page, press the FMS Knob. 2) Use the FMS Knobs and enter an identifier, facility name, or location. 3) Press the ENT Key. 4) Press the FMS Knob to remove the cursor. Selecting a runway: 1) With the Airport Information Page displayed, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the cursor in the ‘RUNWAYS’ Box, on the runway designator.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Bearing/Distance to Airport Airport Identifier/ Type Approach Available Length of Longest Runway COM Freq. Info. - Identification - Frequency Additional Airports (within 200 nm) NRST Softkey Figure 5-35 Nearest Airports Window on PFD Pressing the ENT Key displays the PFD Airport Information Window for the highlighted airport. Pressing the ENT Key again returns to the Nearest Airports Window with the cursor on the next airport in the list.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Nearest Airports - ID/Type - Bearing/Distance Navigation Map Showing Nearest Airport Airport Information Nearest Airport - Facility/City/Elevation Runway Information - Designation/Surface - Length/Width COM/NAV Freq. Info.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Viewing runway information for a specific airport: 1) With the Nearest Airports Page displayed, press the RNWY Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Select Runway Window’; and press the ENT Key. The cursor is placed in the ‘RUNWAYS’ Box. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired runway. 3) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. See the Audio Panel and CNS Section for frequency selection and the Procedures section for approaches.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT INTERSECTIONS NOTE: The VOR displayed on the Intersection Information Page is the nearest VOR, not necessarily the VOR used to define the intersection. The Intersection Information Page is used to view information about intersections. In addition to displaying a map of the currently selected intersection and surrounding area, the Intersection Information Page displays intersection information in three boxes labeled ‘INTERSECTION’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘NEAREST VOR’.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The Nearest Intersections Page can be used to quickly find an intersection close to the flight path. In addition to displaying a map of the surrounding area, the page displays information for up to 25 nearest intersections in three boxes labeled ‘NEAREST INT’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘REFERENCE VOR’. The selected intersection is indicated by a white arrow. Up to sixteen Intersections are visible at a time. If there are more than can be shown, the list can be scrolled.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NDBS The NDB Information Page is used to view information about NDBs. In addition to displaying a map of the currently selected NDB and surrounding area, the page displays NDB information in four boxes labeled ‘NDB’, ‘INFORMATION’, ‘FREQUENCY’, and ‘NEAREST AIRPORT’.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The Nearest NDB Page can be used to quickly find a NDB close to the flight path. In addition to displaying a map of the surrounding area, the page displays information for up to 25 nearest NDBs in three boxes labeled ‘NEAREST NDB’, ‘INFORMATION’, and ‘FREQUENCY’. A white arrow before the NDB identifier indicates the selected NDB. Up to sixteen NDBs are visible at a time. If there are more than can be shown, each list can be scrolled. The list only includes waypoints that are within 200nm.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT VORS The VOR Information Page can be used to view information about VOR and ILS signals (since ILS signals can be received on a NAV receiver), or to quickly auto-tune a VOR or ILS frequency. Localizer information cannot be viewed on the VOR Information Page. If a VOR station is combined with a TACAN station it is listed as a VORTAC on the VOR Information Page and if it includes only DME, it is displayed as VOR-DME.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Or: 1) With the Nearest VOR Page displayed, press the MENU Key. 2) Highlight ‘Select VOR Window’, and press the ENT Key. 3) Press the ENT Key or turn either FMS Knob to select an identifier in the Nearest VOR Box. 4) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. The Nearest VOR Page can be used to quickly find a VOR station close to the aircraft. Also, a NAV frequency from a selected VOR station can be loaded from the Nearest VOR Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT USER WAYPOINTS The G1000 can create and store up to 1,000 user-defined waypoints. User waypoints can be created from any map page (except PFD Inset Map, AUX-Trip Planning Page, or Procedure Pages) by selecting a position on the map using the Joystick, or from the User Waypoint Information Page by referencing a bearing/distance from an existing waypoint, bearings from two existing waypoints, or latitude and longitude. Once a waypoint has been created, it can be renamed, deleted, or moved.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Nearest User Wpt List - Identifier - Bearing/Distance from aircraft position Navigation Map Showing Selected User Waypoint Selected User Waypoint User Waypoint Info - Comment - Lat/Long Reference Wpt Info - Identifier - Radial/Distance Figure 5-46 Nearest User Waypoint Page CREATING USER WAYPOINTS User waypoints can be created from the User Waypoint Information Page in the following ways: Creating user waypoints from the User Waypoint Information Page: 1) Select the NEW Softkey,
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5) Press the ENT Key to accept the new waypoint. 6) If desired, change the storage method of the waypoint to “TEMPORARY” or “NORMAL” by moving the cursor to “TEMPORARY” and selecting the ENT Key to check or uncheck the box. 7) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. Or: 1) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Enter a user waypoint name (up to six characters). 3) Press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Creating user waypoints from map pages: 1) Press the Joystick to activate the panning function and pan to the map location of the desired user waypoint. 2) Press the ENT Key. The User Waypoint Information Page is displayed with the captured position.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Renaming user waypoints: 1) Highlight a user waypoint in the User Waypoint List. Select the RENAME Softkey, or press the MENU Key and select ‘Rename User Waypoint’. 2) Enter a new name. 3) Press the ENT Key. The message ‘Do you want to rename the user waypoint AAAAAA to BBBBBB?’ is displayed. 4) With ‘YES’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. 5) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT DELETING USER WAYPOINTS Deleting a single user waypoint: 1) Highlight a User Waypoint in the User Waypoint List, or enter a waypoint in the User Waypoint field. 2) Select the DELETE Softkey or press the CLR Key. ‘Yes’ is highlighted in the confirmation window. 3) Press the ENT Key. 4) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. Or: 1) Highlight a User Waypoint in the User Waypoint List, or enter a waypoint in the User Waypoint field. 2) Press the MENU Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.4 AIRSPACES The G1000 can display the following types of airspaces: Class B/TMA, Class C/TCA, Class D, Restricted, MOA (Military), Other Airspace, Air Defense Interdiction Zone (ADIZ), and Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The Airspace Alerts Box allows the pilot to turn the controlled/special-use airspace message alerts on or off. This does not affect the alerts listed on the Nearest Airspaces Page or the airspace boundaries depicted on the Navigation Map Page. It simply turns on/off the warning provided when the aircraft is approaching or near an airspace. An altitude buffer is also provided which “expands” the vertical range above or below an airspace.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Map ranges for the airspace boundaries are selected from the Aviation Group in the Map Setup Menu. See Table 5-2 for the default and maximum ranges for each type of airspace and the symbol used to define the airspace area. The Nearest Airspaces Page can be used to quickly find airspaces close to the flight path. In addition, a selected frequency associated with the airspace can be loaded from the Nearest Airspaces Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Pressing the PFD MSG Softkey displays the message window on the PFD. The following airspace alerts are displayed in the message window: Message INSIDE ARSPC – Inside airspace. ARSPC AHEAD – Airspace ahead – less than 10 minutes. ARSPC NEAR – Airspace near and ahead. ARSPC NEAR – Airspace near – less than 2 nm. Comments The aircraft is inside the airspace. Special use airspace is ahead of aircraft. The aircraft penetrates the airspace within 10 minutes.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.5 DIRECT-TO-NAVIGATION The Direct-to method of navigation, initiated by pressing the Direct-to Key on either the MFD or PFD, is quicker to use than a flight plan when the desire is to navigate to a single point such as a nearby airport. Once a direct-to is activated, the G1000 establishes a point-to-point course line from the present position to the selected direct-to destination.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Direct-to Point Info - Identifier/Symbol/City - Facility Name VNV Constraints - Altitude at Arrival - Along Track Offset Direct-to Point Info - Bearing/Distance - Desired Course Activation Command Figure 5-52 Direct-to Window - PFD Any waypoint can be entered as a direct-to destination from the Direct-to Window. Entering a waypoint identifier, facility name, or city as a direct-to destination: 1) Press the Direct-to Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Selecting an active flight plan waypoint as a direct-to destination: 1) While navigating an active flight plan, press the Direct-to Key. The Direct-to Window is displayed with the active flight plan waypoint as the default selection. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob counter-clockwise to display a list of flight plan waypoints (the FPL list is populated only when navigating a flight plan). 3) Select the desired waypoint. 4) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed on ‘ACTIVATE?’.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Selecting a nearby airport as a direct-to destination: 1) Press the NRST Softkey on the PFD; or turn the FMS Knob to display the Nearest Airports Page and press the FMS Knob. 2) Select the desired airport (the nearest one is already selected). 3) Press the Direct-to Key. 4) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed on ‘ACTIVATE?’. 5) Press the ENT Key again to activate the direct-to. Direct-to destinations may also be selected by using the pointer on the navigation map pages.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Page Menu - Cancel Direct-To Navigation Figure 5-54 Direct-to Window - Cancelling Direct-to Navigation When navigating a direct-to, the G1000 sets a direct great circle course to the selected destination. The course to a destination can also be manually selected using the course field (‘COURSE’) on the Direct-to Window. Selecting a manual direct-to course: 1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Direct-to Window is displayed with the destination field highlighted.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Entering a VNV altitude and along-track offset for the waypoint: 1) Press the Direct-to Key to display the Direct-to Window. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the cursor over the ‘VNV’ altitude field. 3) Enter the desired altitude. 4) Press the ENT Key. The option to select MSL or AGL is now displayed. 5) Turn the small FMS Knob to select ‘MSL’ or ‘AGL’. 6) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now flashing in the VNV offset distance field.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.6 FLIGHT PLANNING Flight planning on the G1000 consists of building a flight plan by entering waypoints one at a time, adding waypoints along airways, and inserting departures, airways, arrivals, or approaches as needed. The G1000 allows flight planning information to be entered from either the MFD or PFD.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The following could cause the airway update to fail: • Airway identifier, entry waypoint or exit waypoint not found in the new database. • Airway entry/exit waypoint is not an acceptable waypoint for the airway – either the waypoint is no longer on the airway, or there is a new directional restriction that prevents it being used. • Loading the new airway sequence would exceed the capacity of the flight plan.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Active Flight Plan Comment Active Flight Plan Leg Active Flight Plan Waypoint List - Waypoint ID - Desired Track to Waypoint - Distance to Waypoint - Airway Identifier Figure 5-57 Active Flight Plan Window on PFD Catalog Contents - # Used - # Empty Flight Plan List - Comment Selected Flight Plan Map Selected FPL Info - Departure Waypoint - Destination Waypoint - Total Flight Plan Distance - Enroute Safe Altitude Softkeys Figure 5-58 Flight Plan Catalog Page The active flight plan
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Creating an active flight plan with the FMS Knob: 1) Press the FPL Key. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor (only on MFD). 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window. (Turning it clockwise displays a blank Waypoint Information Window, turning it counter-clockwise displays the Waypoint Information Window with a waypoint selection submenu allowing selection of active flight plan, nearest, recent, user, or airway waypoints).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Flight plans can be imported from an SD Card or exported to an SD Card from the Stored Flight Plan Page. Importing a Flight Plan from an SD Card 1) Insert the SD card containing the flight plan in the top card slot on the MFD. 2) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 4) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 5) Turn either FMS Knob to highlight an empty or existing flight plan.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT NOTE: If the imported flight plan contains a waypoint with a name that duplicates the name of a waypoint already stored on the system, the system compares the coordinates of the imported waypoint with those of the existing waypoint. If the coordinates are different, the imported waypoint is automatically renamed by adding characters to the end of the name. Exporting a Flight Plan to an SD Card 1) Insert the SD card into the top card slot on the MFD.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ADDING WAYPOINTS TO AN EXISTING FLIGHT PLAN Waypoints can be added to the active flight plan or any stored flight plan. Choose the flight plan, select the desired point of insertion, enter the waypoint, and it is added in front of the selected waypoint. Flight plans are limited to 99 waypoints (including waypoints within airways and procedures). If the number of waypoints in the flight plan exceeds 99, the message “Flight plan is full. Remove unnecessary waypoints.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Adding a waypoint to a stored flight plan: 1) On the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Highlight the desired flight plan. 3) Select the EDIT Softkey; or press the ENT Key, turn the large FMS Knob clockwise to select “EDIT” and press the ENT Key. The Stored Flight Plan Page is displayed. 4) Select the point in the flight plan to add the new waypoint. The new waypoint is placed directly in front of the highlighted waypoint.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window. (Turning it clockwise displays a blank Waypoint Information Window, turning it counter-clockwise displays the Waypoint Information Window with a waypoint selection submenu allowing selection of active flight plan, nearest, recent, user, or airway waypoints). 5) Enter the identifier, facility, or city name of the waypoint or select a waypoint from the submenu of waypoints and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Airway Entry Waypoint Selected Airway Airways Available at TOP Airway Waypoint Sequence Preview of Selected Airway Figure 5-64 Select Airway Page - Selecting Airway Adding an airway to a flight plan using the FMS Knob: 1) Press the FPL Key. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor (not required on the PFD). 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the waypoint after the desired airway entry point.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4) Turn the FMS Knob to select the desired airway from the list, and press the ENT Key. Low altitude airways are shown first in the list, followed by “all” altitude airways, and then high altitude airways. 5) Turn the FMS Knob to select the desired airway exit point from the list, and press the ENT Key. ‘LOAD?’ is highlighted. 6) Press the ENT Key. The system returns to editing the flight plan with the new airway inserted.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT RESTRICTIONS ON ADDING AIRWAYS Some airways have directional restrictions on all or part of the route. Airway “A2” in Europe has a directional restriction over the whole route such that it can be flown only in the direction MTD-ABB-BNE-DEVAL. Airway “UR975” in North Africa has more complicated directional restrictions within the list of airway waypoints AMANO, VAKOR, LIBRO, NELDA, DIRKA, GZO, KOSET, and SARKI: • Starting from AMANO, the airway can be flown only to LIBRO.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ADDING PROCEDURES TO A STORED FLIGHT PLAN The G1000 allows the pilot to insert pre-defined instrument procedures from the navigation database into a flight plan. The procedures are designed to facilitate routing of traffic leaving an airport (departure), arriving at an airport (arrival), and landing at an airport (approach). See the procedures section for more details.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT DEPARTURE (DP) A Departure Procedure (DP) is loaded at the departure airport in the flight plan. Only one departure can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route is defined by selection of a departure, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Departure Airport Selected Departure Selected Runway Selected Transition Preview of Selected Departure Departure Transition Points Available Departure Waypoint Sequence Selected Departure End Point Figure 5-69 Departure Loading Page - Selecting Transition Inserted Departure Header - Departure Identifier: [departure airport]-[departure runway]. [departure transition]. [departure end point] (e.g., KMKC-ALL.WLDCT2.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ARRIVAL (STAR) A Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) is loaded at the destination airport in the flight plan. Only one arrival can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route is defined by selection of an arrival, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Destination Airport Selected Arrival Selected Transition Transitions Available with DBRY1 Arrival Waypoint Sequence Preview of Selected Arrival Figure 5-72 Arrival Loading Page - Selecting the Transition Inserted Arrival Header - Arrival Identifier: [arrival airport]-[arrival transition]. [arrival].[arrival runway] (e.g., KCOS-ALS.DBRY1.ALL) Figure 5-73 Stored Flight Plan Page - Arrival Inserted 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT APPROACH (APPR) An Approach Procedure (APPR) can be loaded at any airport that has an approach available. Only one approach can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. The route for a selected approach is defined by designating transition waypoints.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Destination Airport Selected Approach Selected Transition Transitions Available with Selected Approach Preview of Selected Approach Approach Waypoint Sequence Load Approach? Figure 5-75 Approach Loading Page - Selecting the Transition Inserted Approach Header - Approach Identifier: [approach airport].[runway and approach type] Figure 5-76 Stored Flight Plan Page - Approach Inserted 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT PLAN STORAGE The G1000 can store up to 99 flight plans, numbered 1 through 99. The active flight plan is erased when the G1000 is powered off or when another flight plan is activated. Details about each stored flight plan can be viewed on the Flight Plan Catalog Page and on the Stored Flight Plan Page. Viewing information about a stored flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key on the MFD to display the Active Flight Plan Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ACTIVATE A FLIGHT PLAN Activating a stored flight plan erases the active flight plan and replaces it with the flight plan being activated. Inverting a stored flight plan reverses the waypoint order, erases the active flight plan, and replaces it with the flight plan being activated (the stored flight plan is not changed) Activating a stored flight plan on the MFD: 1) Press the FPL Key and turn the small FMS Knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 3) Select the DELETE Softkey; press the CLR Key; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Delete Flight Plan’, and press the ENT Key. The ‘Delete Flight Plan XX?’ window is displayed. 4) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to delete the flight plan. To cancel the request, press the CLR Key, or highlight ‘CANCEL’ and press the ENT Key. NOTE: The option to delete all stored flight plans is not available while the aircraft is in flight.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 3) Press the CLR Key. The ‘Remove XXXXX?’ window is displayed. 4) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. To cancel the request, press the CLR Key, or highlight ‘CANCEL’ and press the ENT Key. 5) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor, if required. Deleting an entire airway from the active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4) Select the EDIT Softkey; or press the MENU Key, select ‘Edit Flight Plan’ and press the ENT Key. The Stored Flight Plan Page is displayed. 5) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the waypoint to be deleted. 6) Press the CLR Key. The ‘Remove XXXXX?’ window is displayed. 7) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. To cancel the request, press the CLR Key, or highlight ‘CANCEL’ and press the ENT Key. 8) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5) Press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu and turn the FMS Knob to highlight ‘Remove ’. 6) Press the ENT Key. The ‘Remove from flight plan?’ window is displayed. 7) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. To cancel the request, press the CLR Key, or highlight ‘CANCEL’ and press the ENT Key. 8) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT offset waypoint inserted before the selected waypoint, whereas entering a positive offset distance results in an along track offset waypoint inserted after the selected waypoint. Multiple offset waypoints are allowed. A waypoint must be adjacent to its parent waypoint in the flight plan, so the system limits the along-track distance to less than the length of the leg before or after the selected waypoint.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT PARALLEL TRACK The Parallel Track (PTK) feature allows creation of a parallel course offset of 1 to 50 nm left or right of the current flight plan. When Parallel Track is activated, the course line drawn on the map pages shows the parallel course, and waypoint names have a lower case “p” placed after the identifier. Using direct-to, loading an approach, a holding pattern, or editing and activating the flight plan automatically cancels Parallel Track.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Offset Direction Offset Distance Activation Prompt Figure 5-80 Parallel Track Window Parallel Track Waypoints - TIFTO-p - TOP-p - ULNAZ-p - ... Activating Parallel Track affects the active flight plan from the current position on (will not affect an approach) Parallel Track Original Track Figure 5-81 Parallel Track Active If the parallel track proposed by the offset direction and distance is not allowed by the system, the activation prompt is displayed, but disabled.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT active leg is the first leg of the departure procedure. Attempting to activate parallel track with these conditions results in the message ‘Parallel Track Unavailable Invalid Route Geometry’. If an approach leg is active the status indicates that the system is unable to activate the parallel track with the message ‘Parallel Track Unavailable Approach Leg Active’.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ACTIVATING A FLIGHT PLAN LEG The G1000 allows selection of a highlighted leg as the “active leg” (the flight plan leg which is currently used for navigation guidance). Activating a flight plan leg: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD). 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor (not required on the PFD) and turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the destination waypoint for the desired leg.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT New Active Flight Plan Leg Confirmation Window Figure 5-85 Active Flight Plan Page - New Active Leg INVERTING A FLIGHT PLAN Any flight plan may be inverted (reversed) for navigation back to the original departure point. Inverting the active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD) 2) Press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Invert Flight Plan’, and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT FLIGHT PLAN VIEWS Information about flight plans can be viewed in more than one way. The active flight plan can be configured to show cumulative distance over the length of the flight plan or the distance for each leg of the flight plan; and the active flight plan can be viewed in a narrow or wide view. In the wide view, additional information is displayed: Fuel Remaining (FUEL REM), Estimated Time Enroute (ETE), Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA), and Bearing to the waypoint (BRG).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 3) Select the WIDE Softkey to display the wide view, or select the NARROW Softkey to display the narrow view. 4) Select the BACK Softkey to return to the top level active flight plan softkeys. Active Flight Plan Narrow View Active Flight Plan Wide View WIDE Softkey, NARROW Softkey, LEG-LEG Softkey, CUM Softkey Figure 5-87 Active Flight Plan - Wide vs.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Q3.FEPOT Airway Collapsed View Expanded View Figure 5-88 Expanded/Collapsed Airways Collapsing/expanding the airways in the active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD). 2) Press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Collapse Airways’ or ‘Expand Airways’, and press the ENT Key. The airways are collapsed/expanded.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.7 VERTICAL NAVIGATION NOTE: The G1000 supports vertical navigation for all lateral leg types except for CA, CI, FA, FM, HA, HM, PI, VA, VD, VI, VR, and VM. Vertical constraints are not retained in stored flight plans. The G1000 system Vertical Navigation (VNV) feature provides vertical profile guidance during the enroute and teminal phases of flight. Guidance based on specified altitudes at waypoints in the active flight plan or to a direct-to waypoint is provided.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Disabling VNV guidance: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 2) Select the CNCL VNV Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Cancel VNV’, and press the ENT Key. Vertical navigation is disabled. Canceling vertical navigation results in vertical deviation (V DEV), vertical speed required (VS REQ), and time to top of descent/bottom of descent (TIME TO TOD/BOD) going invalid.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Activating a vertical navigation direct-to: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and turn the FMS Knob to highlight the desired waypoint. Or: Use the Joystick to place the Quick Select Box on the desired waypoint. NOTE: The selected waypoint must have a designated altitude constraint (light blue number) to be used.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Displayed Text Examples Cross AT or ABOVE 5,000 ft Large White Text Large Light Blue Text Cross AT 2,300 ft Small Light Blue Text Cross AT or BELOW 3,000 ft Small Light Blue Subdued Text Altitude Constraint Examples Small White Text with Altitude Restriction Bar Figure 5-91 Waypoint Altitude Constraints White Text Light Blue Text Light Blue Subdued Text Large Altitude calculated by the system Text estimating the altitude of the aircraft as it passes over the navigation point.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Designating a waypoint altitude to be used for vertical guidance using the FMS Knob: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 2) Press the FMS Knob, and turn to highlight the desired waypoint altitude. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to enter editing mode. 4) Press the ENT Key. The altitude is now shown in blue, indicating it is usable for vertical guidance.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Entering/modifiying an altitude constraint using the FMS Knob: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 2) Press the FMS Knob, and turn to highlight the desired waypoint altitude constraint. 3) Enter an altitude constraint value using the FMS Knobs. To enter altitudes as a flight level, turn the small FMS Knob counter-clockwise past zero or clockwise past 9 on the first character, and the system automatically changes to show units of Flight Level.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Reverting a manually entered altitude constraint back to the navigation database value: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. 2) Press the FMS Knob, and turn to highlight the desired waypoint altitude constraint. Or: Use the Joystick to place the Quick Select Box on the desired waypoint altitude constraint (MFD only). 3) Press the CLR Key. A ‘Remove or Revert to published VNV altitude of nnnnnFT?’ confirmation window is displayed.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.8 PROCEDURES The G1000 can access the whole range of instrument procedures available. Departures (DPs), arrivals (STARs), and non-precision and precision approaches (APPRs) are stored within the database and can be loaded using the Procedures (PROC) Key. The selected procedure for the departure or arrival airport is added to the active flight plan.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Available Procedure Actions Loaded Procedures Departure Airport Departure Preview Departure Choices Figure 5-92 Departure Selection Selected Departure Loaded Departure Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys Figure 5-93 Departure Loading 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Viewing available departures at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), select the DP Softkey. The Departure Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport information Page. 2) To select another airport, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, enter an identifier/facility name/city, and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Departure. The departure is previewed on the map.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ARRIVALS A Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) can be loaded at any airport that has one available. Only one arrival can be loaded at a time in a flight plan. If an arrival is loaded when another arrival is already in the active flight plan, the new arrival replaces the previous arrival. The route is defined by selection of an arrival, the transition waypoints, and a runway.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Selected Arrival Loaded Arrival Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys Figure 5-95 Arrival Loading Viewing available arrivals at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), select the STAR Softkey. The Arrival Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport Information Page. 2) To select another airport, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, enter an identifier/facility name/city, and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT REMOVING AN ARRIVAL FROM THE ACTIVE FLIGHT PLAN When plans change while flying IFR, arrivals can be easily removed from the Active Flight Plan. Removing an arrival from the active flight plan: 1) Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page (MFD) or the Active Flight Plan Window (PFD) 2) Press the MENU Key, and highlight ‘Remove Arrival’. 3) Press the ENT Key. A confirmation window is displayed listing the arrival procedure. 4) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT The G1000 SBAS GPS allows for flying LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, and LPV approaches according to the published chart. LNAV+V is a standard LNAV approach with advisory vertical guidance provided for assistance in maintaining a constant vertical glidepath similar to an ILS glideslope on approach. This guidance is displayed on the G1000 PFD in the same location as the ILS glideslope using a magenta diamond. In all cases where LNAV+V is indicated by the system during an approach, LNAV minima are used.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Destination Airport Available Procedure Actions Loaded Procedures Approach Preview Approach Choices Figure 5-96 Approach Selection Selected Approach Procedure Loading Page Selection Softkeys Loaded Approach LOAD or ACTIVATE? Annunciation Figure 5-97 Approach Loading 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Viewing available approaches at an airport: 1) From the Airport Information Page (first page in the WPT group), select the APR Softkey. The Approach Information Page is displayed, defaulting to the airport displayed on the Airport information Page. 2) To select another airport, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor, enter an identifier/facility name/city, and press the ENT Key. 3) Press the FMS Knob, then turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Approach.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT ACTIVATING AN APPROACH A previously loaded approach can be activated from the Procedures Window. Activating a previously loaded approach: 1) Press the PROC Key. The Procedures Window is displayed with ‘Activate Approach’ highlighted. 2) Press the ENT Key to activate the approach. In many cases, it may be easiest to “load” the full approach while still some distance away, enroute to the destination airport.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT MISSED APPROACH Activating a missed approach in the active flight plan: 1) Press the PROC Key. 2) Turn the FMS Knob to highlight ‘ACTIVATE MISSED APPROACH’. 3) Press the ENT Key. The aircraft automatically sequences to the MAHP. Or: Press the Go-Around Button. COURSE TO ALTITUDE In this missed approach procedure, the altitude immediately following the MAP (in this case ‘6368ft’) is not part of the published procedure.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.9 TRIP PLANNING The G1000 allows the pilot to view trip planning information, fuel information, and other information for a specified flight plan or flight plan leg based on automatic data, or based on manually entered data. Weight planning is also available, based on fuel sensor data and the active flight plan (to estimate remaining fuel).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT • Departure time (DEP TIME) - This defaults to the current time in automatic page mode. The computations are from the aircraft present position, so the aircraft is always just departing. • Calibrated airspeed (CALIBRATED AS) - The primary source is from the air data system, and the secondary source of information is GPS ground speed. • Indicated altitude (IND ALTITUDE) - The primary source is the barometric altitude, and the secondary source of information is GPS altitude.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT and including the selected leg. If the entire flight plan is selected, then the ETA is calculated as if the last leg of the flight plan was selected. • Enroute safe altitude (ESA) - The ESA is shown as nnnnnFT • Destination sunrise and sunset times (SUNRISE, SUNSET) - These times are shown as hours:minutes and are the local time at the destination. FUEL STATISTICS The fuel statistics are calculated based on the selected starting and ending waypoints and the trip planning inputs.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Selected Flight Plan Not Available Selected Leg(s) Not Available Selected Starting and Ending Waypoints Figure 5-101 Trip Planning Page - Waypoint Mode Selecting automatic or manual page mode: Select the AUTO Softkey or the MANUAL Softkey; or press the MENU Key, highlight ‘Auto Mode’ or ‘Manual Mode’, and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT WEIGHT PLANNING NOTE: All weight planning page data fields display data rounded to the nearest 10 pounds or 5 kilograms.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Entering the number of passengers: 1) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and highlight the ‘PASSENGERS #’ field. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to enter the number of passengers. 3) Press the ENT Key to confirm the entry. 4) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. Entering the average passenger weight: 1) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor and highlight the passenger weight field. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to enter the average passenger weight.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT When the aircraft is in the air and a destination waypoint has been entered, the fuel calculations can be completed. • Estimated landing weight = zero fuel weight + estimated landing fuel weight.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.10 RAIM PREDICTION RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) is a GPS receiver function that performs a consistency check on all tracked satellites. RAIM ensures that the available satellite geometry allows the receiver to calculate a position within a specified RAIM protection limit (2.0 nm for oceanic, 2.0 nm for enroute, 1.0 nm for terminal, and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 4) Enter the identifier, facility, or city name of the departure waypoint; or select a waypoint from the submenu of waypoints and press the ENT Key to accept the waypoint entry. 5) Turn the FMS Knobs to enter an arrival time and press the ENT Key. 6) Turn the FMS Knobs to enter an arrival date and press the ENT Key. 7) Press the ENT Key with ‘COMPUTE RAIM?’ highlighted to begin the computation.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT SBAS Status SBAS SELECTION Box - EGNOS Enable/Disable - MSAS Enable/Disable - WAAS Enable/Disable RAIM Softkey (displays RAIM PREDICTION) SBAS Softkey (displays SBAS Selection) Figure 5-104 SBAS Display - Active SBAS Status SBAS SELECTION Box - EGNOS Enable/Disable - MSAS Enable/Disable - WAAS Enable/Disable RAIM Softkey (displays RAIM PREDICTION) 268 SBAS Softkey (displays SBAS Selection) Figure 5-105 SBAS Display - Disabled Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.11 NAVIGATING A FLIGHT PLAN The following discussion is an example of navigating a flight plan with the SBAS capable GPS system while the G1000 provides vertical guidance through descents. A lateral flight plan (LNAV) would be navigated in much the same way, but would not include vertical guidance when the final approach course is active. NOTE: The following example flight plan is for instructional purposes only. All database information depicted should be considered not current.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 3) ATC now assigns routing to join V4. A heading of 290º is assigned to intercept V4. The aircraft turns to heading 290° as seen in Figure 5-107. Figure 5-107 Assigned Heading of 290º 4) Enter V4 into the flight plan. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 270 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT b) The desired entry point for V4 (TOP) must be entered. Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the desired flight plan insertion point (SLN) as shown in Figure 5-108. When the V4 entry point (TOP) is inserted, it is placed immediately above the highlighted waypoint (SLN). Figure 5-108 Begin Adding V4 to the Flight Plan c) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window. Enter the desired entry point for V4, Topeka VOR (TOP), as shown in Figure 5-109.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT d) Press the ENT Key. TOP is inserted into the flight plan as in Figure 5-110. Figure 5-110 TOP Inserted into the Flight Plan e) With SLN still highlighted as in Figure 5-110, turn the small FMS Knob clockwise. The Waypoint Information Page is displayed and the LD AIRWY Softkey is now available. f) Select the LD AIRWY Softkey to display the list of available airways for TOP as seen in Figure 5-111.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT h) Press the ENT Key. The list of available exits for V4 is now displayed as in Figure 5-112. Figure 5-112 List of Available Exits for V4 i) If necessary, turn either FMS Knob to select the desired exit. In this case Salina VOR (SLN) is selected as in Figure 5-112. j) Press the ENT Key. The selected airway and exit are displayed, and the prompt “LOAD?” highlighted as in Figure 5-113. Figure 5-113 Ready to Load V4 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT k) Press the ENT Key. l) V4 is now loaded into the flight plan as shown in Figure 5-114. Figure 5-114 V4 is Loaded in the Flight Plan 5) Making V4 the active leg of the flight plan. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. b) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight SLN. The TO waypoint of the leg is selected in order to activate the leg. c) Select the ACT LEG Softkey. The confirmation window is now displayed as in Figure 5-115 Note the TOP to SLN leg is actually part of V4.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT d) Verify the displayed leg is the desired leg and press the ENT Key. Note in Figure 5-116, the magenta arrow in the flight plan window and magenta line on the map indicating V4 is now the active flight plan leg. Note the phase of flight remained in Terminal (TERM) mode up to this point because a departure leg was active. Since a leg after the departure is now active, the current CDI flight phase is ENR (Enroute) and CDI scaling has changed to 2.0 nm.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 7) As the CDI approaches center, the aircraft turns onto the active leg as seen in Figure 5-117. Figure 5-117 Turn on to Active Leg 8) At SLN, Victor Airway 244 (V244) is intercepted. Turn prompts are displayed in the PFD Navigation Status Box as seen in Figure 5-118. Figure 5-118 Turn to Intercept V244 276 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 9) As seen in Figure 5-119, V244 is now the active flight plan leg. Figure 5-119 V244 Now Active Leg 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 10) At Lamar VOR (LAA) V263 is intercepted. See Figure 5-120. Figure 5-120 HYS to LAA Leg Active 11) ATC grants clearance to proceed direct to the OPSHN intersection to begin the arrival procedure. ATC advises to expect an altitude of 10,000 feet at OPSHN. a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. b) Turn the large FMS Knob to select OPSHN in the flight plan list. c) Press the Direct-to ( ) Key. The Direct-to Window is now displayed as shown in Figure 5-121.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT d) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the cursor in the VNV altitude field as shown in Figure 5-122. Figure 5-122 Enter VNV Altitude e) An altitude of 10,000 feet is entered as requested by ATC. f) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed in the VNV offset field as shown in Figure 5-123. Figure 5-123 Enter VNV Offset Distance g) Enter the offset, or distance from the waypoint at which to reach the selected altitude. In this case, three miles prior to OPSHN is entered.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT h) Press the ENT Key twice to activate the direct-to. Note, in Figure 5-124, the magenta arrow indicating the direct-to OPSHN after the offset waypoint for OPSHN. The preceding offset waypoint indicates the offset distance and altitude that were previously entered. The remaining waypoints in the loaded arrival procedure have no database specified altitudes, therefore, dashes are displayed. Keep the CDI centered and maintain a track along the magenta line to OPSHN.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT b) ‘SELECT APPROACH’ should be highlighted as shown in Figure 5-125. Figure 5-125 Procedures Window c) Press the ENT Key. A list of available approaches for the destination airport is displayed as in Figure 5-126. Figure 5-126 List of Available Approaches d) Turn either FMS Knob to select the LPV approach for 35R as shown in Figure 5-126. 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT e) Press the ENT Key. A list of available transitions for the selected approach is displayed as in Figure 5-127. Figure 5-127 List of Available Transitions f) Turn either FMS Knob to select the desired transition. In this case, the Initial Approach Fix (IAF) at HABUK is used. g) Press the ENT Key. h) Barometric Minimums (Figure 5-128) To set ‘MINIMUMS’, turn the small FMS Knob to select ‘BARO’, and press the ENT Key.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-128 Barometric Minimums Set i) With ‘LOAD?’ highlighted, again press the ENT Key. The selected approach is added to the flight plan as seen in Figure 5-129. Figure 5-129 Loaded Approach 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 13) Note the altitude constraints associated with each of the approach waypoints as seen in Figure 5-130. These altitudes are loaded from the database and are displayed as light blue text, indicating these values are “designated” for use in computing vertical deviation guidance. Note: To no longer use the displayed altitude for calculating vertical deviation guidance, perform the following: a) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 14) As the aircraft approaches OPSHN, it may be desirable to adjust the speed, or steepness of the upcoming descent. The default Flight Path Angle (FPA) is -3.0 degrees and a required vertical speed is computed to maintain the -3.0 FPA. To change the vertical flight path, perform the following steps. a) Select the VNV PROF Softkey to place the cursor in the target vertical speed field (VS TGT) as shown in Figure 5-131.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 15) As seen in Figure 5-132, the aircraft is approaching TOD. Note the target vertical speed required to reach the selected altitude. The Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI) and the Required Vertical Speed Indicator (RVSI) are now displayed on the PFD as shown in Figure 5-133. When the aircraft is within one minute of the TOD, it is annunciated as shown in Figure 5-133, and an aural alert ‘Vertical track’ will be heard.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 16) Upon reaching TOD, a descent vertical speed is established by placing the VSI pointer in line with the RVSI as shown in Figure 5-134. Keep Vertical Deviation Indicator Centered Align Actual Vertical Speed with Required Vertical Speed Figure 5-134 VDI & RVSI Showing Correctly Established Descent 17) When the aircraft is one minute from the bottom of descent (BOD) it is annunciated as shown in Figure 5-135. Upon reaching the offset waypoint for OPSHN, the aircraft is at 10,000 feet.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 18) The aircraft is approaching OPSHN. The upcoming turn and next heading are annunciated at the top left of the PFD as seen in Figure 5-136. Initiate the turn and maneuver the aircraft on a track through the turn radius to intercept the magenta line for the OPSHN to FSHER leg and center the CDI. Figure 5-136 Turn to intercept OPSHN to FSHER Leg 288 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 19) After passing OPSHN, the next leg of the arrival turns magenta as shown in Figure 5-137. The magenta arrow in the flight plan list now indicates the OPSHN to FSHER leg of the arrival procedure is now active. Figure 5-137 Tracking the OPSHN to FSHER Leg 20) The flight continues through the arrival procedure to PYNON (see Figure 5-138).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Figure 5-138 Approaching PYNON 290 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 21) Upon passing PYNON the approach procedure automatically becomes active. The approach may be activated at any point to proceed directly to the IAF. In this example, the aircraft has progressed through the final waypoint of the arrival and the flight plan has automatically sequenced to the IAF as the active leg, activating the approach procedure (see Figure 5-139).
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 22) The IAF is the next waypoint. At the TOD, establish a descent vertical speed as previously discussed in Step 16. The aircraft altitude is 9,000 feet upon reaching HABUK. Figure 5-141 Descending Turn to the Initial Approach Fix (IAF) 292 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 23) After crossing FALUR the next waypoint is the FAF. The flight phase changes to LPV on the HSI indicating the current phase of flight is in Approach Mode and the approach type is LPV. CDI scaling changes accordingly and is used much like a localizer when flying an ILS approach. The RVSI is no longer displayed and the VDI changes to the Glidepath Indicator (as shown in Figure 5-142) when the final approach course becomes active. Figure 5-142 Descending to the FAF 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 24) After crossing CEGIX, the aircraft continues following the glidepath to maintain the descent to “AT or ABOVE” 6,370 feet at the Missed Approach Point (MAP) (RW35R) as seen in Figure 5-143. Figure 5-143 Descending to the Missed Approach Point In this missed approach procedure, the altitude immediately following the MAP (in this case ‘6368ft’) is not part of the published procedure.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 25) Upon reaching the MAP, it is decided to execute a missed approach. Automatic waypoint sequencing is suspended past the MAP. Select the SUSP Softkey on the PFD to resume automatic waypoint sequencing through the missed approach procedure. A direct-to is initiated to MOGAL, which is the Missed Approach Hold Point (MAHP) as seen in Figure 5-144. The aircraft is climbing to 10,000 feet. The CDI flight phase now changes from LPV to MAPR as seen on the HSI.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 26) The aircraft continues climbing to “AT or ABOVE” 10,000 feet at MOGAL. A holding pattern is established at the MAHP (MOGAL) as shown in Figure 5-145. Figure 5-145 Establishing the Holding Pattern 27) The aircraft maintains 10,000 feet while following the magenta line through the hold as in Figure 5-146. Figure 5-146 Hold Established 296 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT 5.12 ABNORMAL OPERATION NOTE: The Inset Map is removed from the PFD any time aircraft pitch is greater than +30° or less than –20°, or when a 65° bank angle is reached. The following section discusses the Dead Reckoning mode of operation and the subsequent indications. NOTE: Dead Reckoning Mode only functions in Enroute (ENR) or Oceanic (OCN) phase of flight.
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT Distance & Bearing Current Track Indicator Dead Reckoning Annunciaion Wind Data GPS Navigation Lost Message Course Deviation Indicator Bearing Pointer/ Distance Navigation Data Bar Wind Data (if shown) All data except Active Leg, TAS, and DTK are in yellow Dead Reckoning Annunciation Subdued Aircraft Symbol Figure 5-147 Dead Reckoning Mode - GPS Derived Data Shown in Yellow 298 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SECTION 6 HAZARD AVOIDANCE The G1000 hazard avoidance features are designed to provide advisory information of potential hazards to flight safety associated with weather, terrain, and air traffic.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.1 XM WX SATELLITE WEATHER NOTE: XM WX Satellite Weather data provides information for avoiding hazardous weather. It is not meant to be used for penetrating hazardous weather. XM WX Satellite Weather is provided through the GDL 69/69A, a remote-mounted datalink satellite receiver. Received graphical weather information and associated text is displayed on the Multi Function Display (MFD) and the Primary Flight Display (PFD) Inset Map.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Audio Radio ID (for SiriusXM Satellite Radio) Data Radio ID (for XM WX data) Weather Products (Available Products for Service Class Indicated in Green) Select INFO Softkey to Display XM Information Page Figure 6-1 XM Information Page Select LOCK Softkey to Lock Subscription Information USING XM WX PRODUCTS The principal map for viewing XM WX data is the Weather Data Link (XM) Page in the Map Page Group.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEXRAD Weather Product Enabled Icon Weather Product Ages in Minutes Cloud Tops Weather Product Enabled Icon Figure 6-2 Weather Data Link (XM) Page When a weather product is active on the Weather Data Link (XM) Page or the Navigation Map Page, the corresponding product symbol and age of the data are displayed inside a status box (Figure 6-2). The age of the product is based on the time difference between when the data was assembled on the ground and the current GPS time.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE XM WX Product Symbol Next-generation Radar (NEXRAD) Cloud Top (CLD TOP) Echo Top (ECHO TOP) XM Lightning (LTNG) Cell Movement (CELL MOV) SIGMETs/AIRMETs (SIG/AIR) Meteorological Aerodrome Report (METARs) City Forecast (CITY) Surface Analysis (SFC) Freezing Levels (FRZ LVL) Winds Aloft (WIND) County Warnings (COUNTY) Cyclone Warnings (CYCLONE) Icing Potential (CIP and SLD) (ICNG) Pilot Weather Report (PIREPs) Air Report (AIREPs) Turbulence (TURB) No Radar Coverage no product image (RADAR
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Cloud Top (CLD TOP) + Echo Top (ECHO TOP) + XM Lightning (LTNG) + Cell Movement (CELL MOV) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + City Forecast (CITY) + Surface Analysis (SFC) + Freezing Levels (FRZ LVL) + Winds Aloft (WIND) +* + + County Warnings (COUNTY) + Cyclone Warnings (CYCLONE) + Icing Potential (ICNG) + PIREPs + + AIREPs + + Turbulence (TURB) + Radar Coverage + + + TFRs + + + + + + TAFs + + SIGMETs/AIRMETs
HAZARD AVOIDANCE WEATHER SOFTKEYS ON THE WEATHER DATA LINK (XM) PAGE Softkeys control the display of weather information on most MFD pages and the PFD Inset Map (The figure shows the weather product softkeys for the Weather Data Link (XM) Page). When a weather product is selected for display, the corresponding softkey label changes to gray to indicate the product is enabled.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Setting up and customizing the Weather Data Link (XM) Page: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Weather Setup’ highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-4). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select ‘PRODUCT GROUP 1’ or ‘PRODUCT GROUP 2’, and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-5). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll through product selections.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Setting up and customizing weather data for the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-6). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Weather Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-7). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll through product selections (Figure 6-8). 6) Turn the small FMS Knob to scroll through options for each product (ON/OFF, range settings).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Viewing legends for displayed weather products on the Weather Data Link (XM) Page: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the LEGEND Softkey to display the legends for the displayed weather products. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Select Weather Legend and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the FMS Knob to scroll through the legends if more are available than fit in the window.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEXRAD NOTE: NEXRAD data cannot be displayed at the same time as terrain, echo tops, turbulence, or icing data is displayed. WSR-88D, or NEXRAD (NEXt-generation RADar), is a network of 158 high-resolution Doppler radar systems that are operated by the National Weather Service (NWS). NEXRAD data provides centralized meteorological information for the continental United States and selected overseas locations. The maximum range of a single NEXRAD radar site is 250 nm.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying NEXRAD weather information: 1) Select the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, select the INSET Softkey). This step is not necessary on the Weather Data Link (XM) Page. 2) Select the NEXRAD Softkey. Composite data from all the NEXRAD radar sites in the United States is shown. This data is composed of the maximum reflectivity from the individual radar sweeps. The display of the information is color-coded to indicate the weather severity level.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The different NEXRAD echo intensities are measured in decibels (dB) relative to reflectivity (Z). NEXRAD measures the radar reflectivity ratio, or the energy reflected back to the radar receiver (designated by the letter Z). The value of Z increases as the returned signal strength increases. NEXRAD Limitations NEXRAD radar images may have certain limitations: • NEXRAD base reflectivity does not provide sufficient information to determine cloud layers or precipitation characteristics.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The following may cause abnormalities in displayed NEXRAD radar images: • Ground clutter • Strobes and spurious radar data • Sun strobes (when the radar antenna points directly at the sun) • Interference from buildings or mountains, which may cause shadows • Metallic dust from military aircraft, which can cause alterations in radar scans NEXRAD Limitations (Canada) • Radar coverage extends to 55ºN. • Any precipitation displayed between 52ºN and 55ºN is displayed as mixed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE ECHO TOPS NOTE: Echo tops cannot be displayed at the same time as NEXRAD or Cloud Tops are selected for display. Echo Tops data (Figure 6-14) shows the location, elevation, and direction of the highest radar echo. The highest radar echo does not indicate the top of a storm or clouds; rather it indicates the highest altitude at which precipitation is detected. Information is derived from NEXRAD data.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The display of radar coverage is always active when either NEXRAD or Echo Tops is selected. Areas where NEXRAD radar coverage and Echo Tops information is not available or is not being collected are indicated in a gray shade of purple. CLOUD TOPS NOTE: Cloud Tops and Echo Tops cannot be displayed at the same time. Cloud Tops data (Figure 6-16) depicts cloud top altitudes as determined from satellite imagery.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE XM LIGHTNING Lightning data (Figure 6-18) shows the approximate location of cloud-to-ground lightning strikes. A strike icon represents a strike that has occurred within a two-kilometer region. The exact location of the lightning strike is not displayed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE CELL MOVEMENT Cell Movement data (Figure 6-20) shows the location and movement of storm cells as identified by the ground-based system. Cells are represented by yellow squares, with direction of movement indicated with short, orange arrows. Storm Cells Figure 6-20 Cell Movement Data On most applicable maps, Cell Movement data is selected for display along with NEXRAD. On the Weather Data Link (XM) Page, Cell Movement data can be selected independently.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SIGMETS AND AIRMETS SIGMETs (SIGnificant METeorological Information) and AIRMETs (AIRmen’s METeorological Information) are broadcast for potentially hazardous weather. A Convective SIGMET is issued for hazardous convective weather. A localized SIGMET is a significant weather condition occurring at a localized geographical position. AIRMET Convective SIGMET Figure 6-22 SIGMET/AIRMET Data Displaying SIGMETs and AIRMETs: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page with the FMS Knob.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE METARS AND TAFS NOTE: Atmospheric pressure reported for METARs is given in hectopascals (hPa), except in the United States, where it is reported in inches of mercury (in Hg). Temperatures are reported in Celsius. NOTE: METAR information is only displayed within the installed navigation database service area.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying METAR and TAF text: 1) On the Weather Data Link (XM) Page, select the METAR Softkey 2) Select the RANGE Knob and pan to the desired airport. 3) Press the ENT Key. The Weather Information Page is shown with METAR and TAF text. 4) Use the FMS Knob or the ENT Key to scroll through the METAR and TAF text. METAR text is placed ahead of the TAF text. 5) Press the FMS Knob or the CLR Key to return to the Weather Data Link (XM) Page. Or: 1) Select the Weather Information Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE In addition, METAR flags and their associated text are displayed on the Active Flight Plan Page on the MFD. METAR flags appears next to waypoints in the flight plan with an associated METAR. A solid light blue METAR flag indicates the METAR observations are available for a specific waypoint; a hollow light blue METAR flag indicates an off-route METAR near the waypoint is available.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-27 Surface Analysis Data - 12-Hour Displaying Surface Analysis and City Forecast information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the SFC Softkey. 4) Select the forecast time: CURRENT, 12 HR, 24 HR, 36 HR, or 48 HR. The SFC Softkey label changes to indicate selected the forecast time.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE FREEZING LEVEL Freezing Level data (Figure 6-29) shows the color-coded contour lines for the altitude and location at which the first isotherm is found. When no data is displayed for a given altitude, the data for that altitude has not been received, or is out of date and has been removed from the display. New data appears at the next update. Figure 6-29 Freeze Level Data Displaying Freezing Level information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page with the FMS Knob.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE WINDS ALOFT Winds Aloft data (Figure 6-31) shows the forecast wind speed and direction at the surface and at selected altitudes. Altitude can be displayed in 3000-foot increments from the surface up to 42,000 feet MSL. Displaying Winds Aloft data: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the WIND Softkey. 4) Select the desired altitude level: SFC (surface) up to 42,000 feet.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Profile View Path Enabled Winds Aloft Data Age Wind Component Velocity and Direction Arrows Altitude Scale Figure 6-33 Navigation Map Page with Winds Aloft Data on Profile View Arrows pointing to the left indicate headwind components; tailwind component arrows point to the right, as shown in Table 6-3.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Winds Aloft data inside the Profile View is enabled by default when the Profile View is displayed on the Navigation Map Page. This behavior can be changed on the Navigation Map Page. Enabling/disabling winds aloft data display in Profile View: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-34). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Profile Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-35).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE COUNTY WARNINGS County data (Figure 6-38) provides specific public awareness and protection weather warnings from the National Weather Service (NWS). This can include information on severe thunderstorms, tornadoes, and flood conditions. Severe Thunderstorm Warning Selected Figure 6-38 County Warnings Displaying County Warning information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the COUNTY Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE CYCLONE The Cyclone weather product (Figure 6-40) shows the current location of cyclones (hurricanes), tropical storms, and their projected tracks. Cyclone Figure 6-40 Cyclone Data Selected for Display Displaying cyclone (hurricane) track information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the CYCLONE Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE ICING (CIP & SLD) Current Icing Product (CIP) data (Figure 6-42) shows a graphical view of the current icing environment. Icing severity is displayed in four categories: light, moderate, severe, and extreme (not specific to aircraft type). The CIP product is not a forecast, but a presentation of the current conditions at the time of the analysis.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TURBULENCE Turbulence data (Figure 6-44) identifies the potential for erratic movement of high-altitude air mass associated winds. Turbulence is classified as light, moderate, severe or extreme, at altitudes between 21,000 and 45,000 feet. Turbulence data is intended to supplement AIRMETs and SIGMETs. Displaying Turbulence data: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the TURB Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE PIREPS AND AIREPS Pilot Weather Reports (PIREPs) (Figure 6-46) provide timely weather information for a particular route of flight. When significant weather conditions are reported or forecast, Air Traffic Control (ATC) facilities are required to solicit PIREPs. A PIREP may contain unforecast adverse weather conditions, such as low in-flight visibility, icing conditions, wind shear, and turbulence. PIREPs are issued as either Routine (UA) or Urgent (UUA).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Decoded PIREP Text Raw PIREP Text Figure 6-47 PIREP Text on the Weather Data Link Page To display the PIREP or AIREP legend (Figure 6-48), select the LEGEND Softkey when PIREPs or AIREPs are selected for display. The PIREP color is determined by the type (routine or urgent). Figure 6-48 AIREPs & PIREPs Legend 190-00494-04 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TFRS The FAA issues Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs) to designate areas where flight is restricted. TFRs are issued to restrict flight for a variety of reasons including national security, law enforcement, firefighting, natural disasters., airshows, and large sporting events. TFRs may be issued at any time, and TFR data displayed on the G1000 is only intended to supplement official TFR information obtained from Flight Service Stations (FSS), and air traffic control.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying TFR Data: 1) Select the Weather Data Link (XM) Page or Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the RANGE Knob and pan the map pointer over a TFR to highlight it. The system displays TFR summary information above the map. 3) Press the ENT Key. The system displays a pop-up menu. 4) If necessary, turn the FMS Knob to select ‘Review Airspaces’ and press the ENT Key. The system displays the TFR Information window. 5) Press the FMS Knob or the CLR Key to remove the TFR Information window.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Setting up and customizing TFR data for maps on which TFR data can be displayed: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-51). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Aviation Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-52). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll to the TFR product range setting (Figure 6-53). 6) Turn the small FMS Knob to scroll through options (Off, range settings).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.2 AIRBORNE COLOR WEATHER RADAR SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The Garmin GWX 68 Airborne Color Weather Radar is a four-color digital pulsed radar with 6.5 kilowatts of output power. It combines excellent range and adjustable scanning profiles with a high-definition target display. The pulse width is four microseconds (µs) on all ranges except the 2.5 nm range.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEXRAD AND AIRBORNE WEATHER RADAR Both Airborne Weather Radar and NEXRAD measure weather reflectivity in decibels (dB). A decibel is a logarithmic expression of the ratio of two quantities. Airborne Weather Radar measures the ratio of power against the gain of the antenna, while NEXRAD measures the energy reflected back to the radar, or the radar reflectivity ratio. Both systems use colors to identify the different echo intensities, but the colors are not interchangeable.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE RADAR SIGNAL ATTENUATION The phenomenon of radar signal attenuation affects the operation of weather radar. When the radar signal is transmitted, it is progressively absorbed and scattered, making the signal weaker. This weakening, or attenuation, is caused by two primary sources, distance and precipitation. Attenuation because of distance is due to the fact that the radar energy leaving the antenna is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE RADAR SIGNAL REFLECTIVITY Precipitation Precipitation or objects more dense than water, such as the surface of the earth or solid structures, are detected by the weather radar. The weather radar does not detect clouds, thunderstorms, or turbulence directly. It detects precipitation associated with clouds, thunderstorms, and turbulence. The best radar signal reflectors are raindrops, wet snow, or wet hail. The larger the raindrop, the better the reflectivity.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Ground Returns The intensity of ground target returns depends upon the angle at which the radar beam strikes the ground target (Angle of Incidence) and the reflective properties of that target. The gain can be adjusted so shorelines, rivers, lakes, and cities are well-defined. Increasing the gain too much causes the display to fill in between targets, thus obscuring some landmarks. Cities normally provide a strong return signal.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SAFE OPERATING DISTANCE The following information establishes a minimum safe distance from the antenna for personnel near operating weather radar. The minimum safe distance is based on the FCC’s exposure limit at 9.3 to 9.5 GHz for general population/uncontrolled environments, which is 1 mW/cm2. See Advisory Circular 20-68B for more information on safe distance determination.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE tilt so the front edge of ground returns are displayed at 14 nautical miles. Note this antenna tilt angle setting. Now, raise the antenna tilt 6 degrees above this setting. The bottom of the radar beam is now angled down 4º from parallel with the ground. PRACTICAL APPLICATION USING THE BASIC TILT SETUP With the antenna tilt set as previously described, any displayed target return should be scrutinized when flying at altitudes between 2,000 and 30,000 feet AGL.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE WEATHER MAPPING AND INTERPRETATION WEATHER DISPLAY INTERPRETATION When evaluating various target returns on the weather radar display, the colors denote precipitation intensity and rates shown in the table. Weather Mode Color Intensity Black Green Yellow Red Magenta < 23 dBZ 23 dBZ to < 32 dBZ 32 dBZ to < 41 dBZ 41 dBZ to < 50 dBZ 50 dBZ and greater Approximate Precipitation Rate (in/hr.) < .01. .01 - 0.1. 0.1 - 0.5 0.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Along squall lines (multiple cells or clusters of cells in a line) individual cells may be in different stages of development. Areas between closely spaced, intense targets may contain developing clouds not having enough moisture to produce a return. However, these areas could have strong updrafts or downdrafts. Targets showing wide areas of green are generally precipitation without severe turbulence.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE In areas of multiple heavy cells, use the Vertical Scan feature along with antenna tilt management to examine the areas. Remember to avoid shadowed areas behind targets. The Blind Alley at Close Range The Large Storm Behind Figure 6-62 The Blind Alley Tornadoes There are no conclusive radar target return characteristics which identify a tornado.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE or less) and make poor radar targets. In the upper regions of a cell where ice particles are dry (no liquid coating), target returns are less intense. Hail shafts are associated with the same radar target return characteristics as tornados. U-shaped cloud edges three to seven miles across can also indicate hail. These target returns appear quite suddenly along any edge of the cell outline.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying weather on the Weather Radar Page: 1) Select the Weather Radar Page in the Map Page Group with the FMS Knob. 2) Select the MODE Softkey. 3) While on the ground, select the STANDBY Softkey. A one-minute warm-up period is initiated (countdown is displayed on the screen). After the warm-up is complete, the radar enters the Standby Mode. a) Select the WEATHER Softkey. A confirmation window is displayed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Vertically scanning a storm cell: NOTE: Vertical scanning of a storm cell should be done with the aircraft wings level to avoid constant adjustment of the Bearing Line. 1) While in the Horizontal Scan view, select the BRG Softkey. This places the cursor in the BEARING field and displays the Bearing Line. If the Bearing Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select Show Bearing Line. Press the ENT Key. 2) Press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-66 Vertical Scan Display Adjusting Antenna Tilt Angle In order to make an accurate interpretation of a storm cell, the radar beam should be pointed at the wet part of the weather cell to record the proper rainfall intensity (color level). The ideal aiming point is just below the freezing level of the storm. The best way to find this point is to use the Vertical Scan feature.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Adjusting antenna tilt on the Vertical Scan display: 1) Select the TILT Softkey to activate the cursor in the TILT field and display the Tilt Line. If the Tilt Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select Show Tilt Line. Press the ENT Key. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to adjust the antenna tilt angle. The selected tilt angle is implemented when Horizontal Scan is again selected. The RANGE Knob can also be used to adjust tilt.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Adjusting Gain WARNING: Changing the gain in weather mode causes precipitation intensity to be displayed as a color not representative of the true intensity. Remember to return the gain setting to Calibrated for viewing the actual intensity of precipitation. 1) Select the GAIN Softkey to activate the cursor in the GAIN field. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to adjust the gain for the desirable level. The gain setting is visible in the GAIN field as a movable horizontal bar in a flashing box.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Sector Scan 1) While in horizontal scan mode, select the BRG Softkey to display the Bearing Line and place the cursor in the BEARING field. If the Bearing Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select Show Bearing Line. 2) Press the ENT Key. Figure 6-69 Selecting Sector Scan Position 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to place the Bearing Line in the desired position. The location of the Bearing Line becomes the center point of the Sector Scan.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-70 40˚ Sector Scan Antenna Stabilization 1) To activate or deactivate the antenna stabilization, select the MODE Softkey. 2) Select the STAB ON Softkey to activate antenna stabilization or select the STAB OFF Softkey to deactivate. The current stabilization condition is shown in the upper right of the weather radar display. 352 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Weather Attenuated Color Highlight (WATCH®) WATCH® identifies deceptively strong or unknown intensity parts of a storm. While in horizontal scan mode, this feature can be used as a tool to determine areas of possible inaccuracies in displayed intensity due to weakening of the radar energy. This weakening is known as attenuation. The radar energy weakens as it passes through areas of intense precipitation, large areas of lesser precipitation, and distance.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Weather Alert The Weather Alert feature indicates the presence of heavy precipitation between the ranges of 80 and 320 nm regardless of the currently displayed range. Weather Alert targets appear as red bands along the outer range ring at the approximate azimuth of the detected returns. If a Weather Alert is detected within ±10° of the aircraft heading, an alert is displayed on the PFD in the Messages Window.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE GROUND MAPPING AND INTERPRETATION A secondary use of the weather radar system is for the presentation of terrain. This can be a useful tool for verifying aircraft position. A picture of the ground is represented much like a topographical map that can be used as a supplement to the navigation map on the MFD. Ground Map mode uses a different gain range than Weather mode. Different colors are also used to represent the intensity levels.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM STATUS The system annunciates the radar mode in the upper left corner of the Weather Radar Page. Additional information may be displayed in the center of the Weather Radar Page as a banner annunciation.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.3 TAWS-B WARNING: Do not use TAWS information for primary terrain avoidance. TAWS is intended only to enhance situational awareness. NOTE: Terrain data is not displayed when the aircraft is outside of the terrain database coverage area. NOTE: The data contained in the TAWS databases comes from government agencies. Garmin accurately processes and cross-validates the data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the data.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE DISPLAYING TAWS-B DATA TAWS-B uses yellow (caution) and red (warning) to depict terrain and obstacles (with heights greater than 200 feet above ground level, AGL) alerts relative to aircraft altitude. Colors are adjusted automatically as the aircraft altitude changes. The colors and symbols in the figure and tables below are used to represent terrain, obstacles, and potential impact points.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying terrain and obstacle information (maps other than the TAWS-B Page): 1) Select the MAP Softkey (for the PFD Inset Map, select the INSET Softkey). 2) Select the TERRAIN Softkey to display terrain and obstacle data. When TAWS-B is selected on maps other than the TAWS-B Page, an icon to indicate the feature is enabled for display and a legend for TAWS-B terrain colors are shown (Figure 6-75).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE CAUTION: Terrain and obstacle data will not be displayed when the Navigation Map range is larger than the MAP SETUP range setting for TERRAIN DATA and OBSTACLE DATA. Customizing terrain and obstacle display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Map Setup’ highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-76). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the ‘Map’ Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-77).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS-B PAGE The TAWS-B Page is specialized to show terrain, obstacle, and potential impact point data in relation to the aircraft’s current altitude, without clutter from the basemap. It is the principal map page for viewing TAWS-B information. Aviation data (airports, VORs, and other NAVAIDs) can be displayed for reference.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Yellow Terrain (Caution - Terrain Between 100’ and 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Red Terrain (Warning - Terrain Above or Within 100’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Black Terrain (Terrain More than 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Map Range Rings Terrain Legend Annunciation Window Figure 6-79 TAWS-B Page Black Terrain (Terrain More than 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Map Range Arc Yellow Terrain (Caution - Terrain Between 100’ and 1000’ Below the Aircraft Altitude) Red Terrai
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS-B ALERTS Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within TAWS-B software algorithms. TAWS-B alerts typically employ a CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level, or both. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed and aural alerts are simultaneously issued. Table 6-11 shows TAWS-B alert types with corresponding annunciations and aural messages. When an alert is issued, annunciations appear on the PFD and MFD.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE PFD/MFD* Alert Annunciation Alert Type MFD Pop-Up Alert (except TAWS-B Page) Aural Message Excessive Descent Rate Warning (EDR) “Pull Up” Reduced Required Terrain Clearance Warning (RTC) “Terrain, Terrain; Pull Up, Pull Up” Imminent Terrain Impact Warning (ITI) “Terrain, Terrain; Pull Up, Pull Up” Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance Warning (ROC) “Obstacle, Obstacle; Pull Up, Pull Up” Imminent Obstacle Impact Warning (IOI) “Obstacle, Obstacle; Pull Up, Pull Up” Reduced Requir
HAZARD AVOIDANCE EXCESSIVE DESCENT RATE ALERT The purpose of the Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) alert is to provide suitable notification when the aircraft is determined to be closing (descending) upon terrain at an excessive speed. Figure 6-84 shows the parameters for the alert as defined by TSO-C151b.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Required Terrain Clearance RTC Level (FT) RTC Descending (FT) 800 700 Required Terrain Clearance (FT) 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Distance From Runway (NM) Figure 6-85 FLTA Minimum Terrain and Obstacle Values FLTA alerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraft is less than 200 feet above the destination runway elevation while within 0.5 nm of the approach runway or the aircraft is between runway ends.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE PDA and FLTA aural and visual alerts can be manually inhibited. Discretion should be used when inhibiting TAWS and the system should be enabled when appropriate. When TAWS-B is inhibited, the alert annunciation ‘TAWS INH’ is shown on the PFD and MFD (Figure 6-87). Figure 6-87 TAWS-B Alerting Disabled (TAWS-B Inhibited) Annunciation Inhibiting/enabling TAWS-B alerting: 1) Select the TAWS-B Page. 2) Select the INHIBIT Softkey to inhibit or enable TAWS (choice dependent on current state).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 1000 Height Above Terrain (Feet) 900 800 700 600 500 “DON’T SINK” 400 300 200 100 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Altitude Loss (Feet) Figure 6-88 Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Altitude Loss 1000 Height Above Terrain (Feet) 900 800 700 600 500 400 “DON’T SINK” 300 200 100 0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 Sink Rate (FPM) Figure 6-89 Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Sink Rate 368 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Must
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM STATUS During power-up, TAWS-B conducts a self-test of its aural and visual annunciations. The system test can also be manually initiated. An aural alert is issued at test completion. TAWS-B System Testing is disabled when ground speed exceeds 30 knots.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS-B continually monitors several system-critical items such as database validity, hardware status, and GPS status. If the terrain/obstacle database is not available, the aural message “TAWS System Failure” is generated along with the ‘TAWS FAIL’ alert annunciation. TAWS-B requires a 3-D GPS navigation solution along with specific vertical accuracy minimums.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.4 PROFILE VIEW TERRAIN The Garmin G1000 offers a Profile View of terrain and obstacles relative to the aircraft’s current flight path and altitude on the Navigation Map Page of the MFD. Profile View does not provide terrain or obstacle caution or warning annunciations or voice alerts, nor does it display potential impact points inside the Profile View. The colors and symbols in Figure 6-91 and Table 6-14 are used to represent terrain and obstacles.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE PROFILE VIEW DISPLAY When the Profile View is enabled, it is displayed in a window below the Navigation Map. Altitude is shown along a vertical scale, with an aircraft icon positioned at the current altitude. Distance is represented horizontally along the bottom of the Profile View, and increases from left (present position) to right.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Flight Phase Total Profile View Width Terminal 2.0 nm Enroute 4.0 nm Oceanic 4.0 nm Table 6-15 Profile View Width Scale PROFILE PATH The Profile Path (Figure 6-92) displays the horizontal and lateral boundaries of the Profile View. The path is shown as a white rectangle on the Navigation Map Page and is only available when Profile View is enabled.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-93 Navigation Map Page Menu Figure 6-94 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu 374 Figure 6-95 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu, Profile Group Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.5 TRAFFIC INFORMATION SERVICE (TIS) WARNING: The Traffic Information Service (TIS) is intended for advisory use only. TIS is intended to help the pilot locate traffic visually. It is the responsibility of the pilot to see and maneuver to avoid traffic. NOTE: TIS is available only when the aircraft is within the service volume of a TIS-capable terminal radar site.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The altitude difference between the requesting aircraft and other intruder aircraft is displayed above/below the traffic symbol in hundreds of feet. If the other aircraft is above the requesting aircraft, the altitude separation appears above the traffic symbol; if below, the altitude separation appears below. Altitude trend is displayed as an up/down arrow (for speeds greater than 500 fpm in either direction) to the right of the target symbol.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying traffic information (PFD Inset Map): 1) Select the INSET Softkey. 2) Select the TRAFFIC Softkey to display traffic data on the inset map (TRFC-1). 3) Select the softkey again to display the traffic-only inset (TRFC-2). 4) Select the softkey again to remove traffic data. Customizing traffic display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With ‘Map Setup’ highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-97).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-97 Navigation Map Page Menu Figure 6-98 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu Figure 6-99 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu, Traffic Group The Navigation Map Page Setup Menu provides a means in addition to the softkey for enabling/disabling display of traffic. The setup menu also controls the map range settings above which traffic data (symbols and labels) are decluttered from the display. If a map range larger than the map range setting is selected, the data is removed from the map.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Or: a) Press the MENU Key. b) Select ‘Operate Mode’ (shown if TIS is in Standby Mode) and press the ENT Key. Traffic Mode Annunciation “TIS Not Available” Voice Alert Status Non-Threat Traffic, 2500’ Above, Descending Traffic Advisory, 500’ Below, Climbing Range Marking Ring “Non-Bearing” Traffic (System Unable to Determine Bearing) Distance is 4.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TA appears on the display or if the number of TAs initially decreases and then subsequently increases, another voice alert is generated. Inset Map Displays When TA is Detected Figure 6-101 Traffic Annunciation (PFD) A “TIS Not Available” (TNA) voice alert is generated when the TIS service becomes unavailable or is out of range.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM STATUS The G1000 performs an automatic test of TIS during power-up. If TIS passes the test, TIS enters Standby Mode (on the ground) or Operating Mode (in the air). If TIS fails the power up test, an annunciation is shown in the center of the Traffic Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The traffic mode is annunciated in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page. When the aircraft is on the ground, TIS automatically enters Standby Mode. If traffic is selected for display on another map while Standby Mode is selected, the traffic display enabled icon is crossed out (also the case whenever TIS has failed). Once the aircraft is airborne, TIS switches to Operating Mode and traffic information is displayed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The annunciations to indicate the status of traffic information appear in a banner at the lower left corner of maps on which traffic can be displayed (Table 6-19). Traffic Status Banner Annunciation TA OFF SCALE TA X.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.6 TRAFFIC ADVISORY SYSTEM (TAS) WARNING: The Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is intended for advisory use only. TAS is intended to help the pilot locate traffic visually. It is the responsibility of the pilot to see and maneuver to avoid traffic. Aircraft without operating transponders are invisible to TAS systems. NOTE: TIS is disabled when Traffic Advisory System (TAS) is installed. NOTE: Refer to the Honeywell® KTA 870 Pilot’s Guide for a detailed discussion of the KTA 870 TAS.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE OPERATION The KTA 870 must be in Operating Mode for traffic to be displayed. The unit starts in Operating Mode upon power-up. Selecting the STANDBY Softkey forces the unit into Standby Mode. Selecting the NORMAL Softkey allows the KTA 870 to switch from Standby Mode to Operating Mode as necessary. Switching from operating mode to standby mode: On the Traffic Page, select the STANDBY Softkey Or: 1) Press the MENU Key and turn the small FMS knob to select Standby Mode.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Operating Mode Altitude Mode Non-Threat Traffic, 2500’ Above, Descending Traffic Advisory, Aircraft is 500’ Below, Climbing Traffic Display Range Rings “No Bearing” Traffic (Bearing Undetermined), Distance 4.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying traffic on the Navigation Map 1) Ensure that the TAS system is operating. With the Navigation Map displayed, select the MAP Softkey. 2) Select the TRAFFIC Softkey. Traffic is now displayed on the map as shown in the figure. Non-Threat Traffic Traffic Advisory Proximity Traffic TA Off Scale Banner Non-Bearing Traffic Advisory Figure 6-104 TAS Traffic on Navigation Map Displaying traffic information (PFD Inset Map): 1) Select the INSET Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE ALTITUDE DISPLAY The Pilot can select the volume of airspace in which traffic is displayed. Traffic Advisories (TAs) outside of these limits will still be shown. Refer to the KTA 870 Pilot’s Guide for specific display thresholds. Changing the altitude display mode: 1) On the Traffic Page, select the ALT MODE Softkey. 2) Select one of the following Softkeys: • BELOW • NORMAL • ABOVE • UNREST (unrestricted) 3) To return to the Traffic Page, select the BACK Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Customizing the traffic display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Navigation Map Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) With Map Setup highlighted, press the ENT Key (Figure 6-105). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Group and press the ENT Key (Figure 6-106). 5) Turn the large FMS Knob or press the ENT Key to scroll through the selections (Figure 6-107).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The Navigation Map Page Setup Menu also controls the display of traffic. The setup menu controls the map range settings. Traffic data symbols and labels can be decluttered from the display. If a map range larger than the map range setting is selected, the data is removed from the map. Maps besides the Traffic Map Page use settings based on those selected for the Navigation Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM STATUS The traffic mode is annunciated in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE *Shown as symbol on Traffic Map Page **Shown in center of Traffic Map Page Table 6-23 TAS Traffic Status Annunciations 392 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.7 TCAS II TRAFFIC WARNING: Traffic information shown on system displays is provided as an aid in visually acquiring traffic. Traffic avoidance maneuvers are based upon TCAS II Resolution Advisories, ATC guidance, or positive visual acquisition of conflicting traffic. NOTE: TIS is disabled when TCAS II is installed. NOTE: Refer to the TCAS II documentation for a detailed discussion of the TCAS II system..
HAZARD AVOIDANCE separation from intruding aircraft. An RA that is beyond the selected display range is indicated by a half RA symbol at the edge of the screen at the relative bearing of the intruder. TCAS II ALERTS NOTE: Refer to the TCAS II documentation for information on alerts generated by the TCAS II equipment. When the TCAS II unit issues a TA or RA, the following occur: • A voice alert is generated when a TA or RA is displayed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE RESOLUTION ADVISORIES During an RA, vertical guidance indications appear on the Attitude Indicator and Vertical Speed indicators of the PFD to provide visual pitch cues for the flight crew to use to achieve (or maintain) vertical separation from intruding traffic (Figure 6-110). The Attitude Indicator will depict a range of pitch attitudes to avoid using no-fly pitch cues positioned on the pitch ladder.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Descend) Climb Maintain, Don’t Climb Maintain, Don’t Descend Maintain, Don’t Climb and Don’t Descend Adjust Vertical Speed Figure 6-110 Example Resolution Advisory Visual Cues 396 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM TEST NOTE: Refer to the TCAS II Pilot’s Guide for information on specific aural alerts issued during system tests. The TCAS II system can be tested on either the PFD or MFD. On the PFD: 1) Press the XPDR/TFC Softkey. 2) Press the TCAS Softkey. 3) Press the TEST Softkey. On the MFD: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE OPERATION NOTE: The traffic system automatically changes modes based on certain flight parameters. Refer to the TCAS II unit’s Pilot’s Guide for information on automatic mode selection. To display TCAS II Traffic, the system must be in TA ONLY or TA/RA Mode. These modes can be accessed on the PFD or on the Traffic Map Page of the MFD. Switching from standby mode to TA only or TA/RA mode: On the MFD: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TRAFFIC MAP PAGE The Traffic Map Page shows surrounding TCAS II traffic data in relation to the aircraft’s current position and altitude, without basemap clutter. The Traffic Map Page is the principal map page for viewing TCAS II traffic information. Aircraft orientation is always heading up unless there is no valid heading. Map range is adjustable with the RANGE Knob from 2 to 40 nm, as indicated by the map range rings.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying traffic on the Traffic Map Page: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Map Page Group. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the Traffic Map Page. 3) Select the TA ONLY or TA/RA Softkey to begin displaying traffic. ‘TA ONLY’ or ‘TA/RA’ is displayed in the Traffic mode field. 4) Select the REL or ABS Softkey to display the relative or absolute altitude of other aircraft. 5) Select the TFC STBY Softkey to place the system in the Standby mode.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select one of the following (see softkey description in step 4 above): • ABOVE • NORMAL • BELOW • UNRESTRICTED 3) Select the ENT Softkey. Traffic Map Page Display Range The display range on the Traffic Map Page can be changed at any time. Map range is adjustable with the RANGE Knob from 2 to 40 nm, as indicated by the map range rings. Changing the display range on the Traffic Map Page: 1) Turn the RANGE Knob.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying traffic on the Navigation Map 1) Ensure the TCAS II system is operating. With the Navigation Map displayed, select the MAP Softkey. 2) Select the TRAFFIC Softkey. Traffic is now displayed on the map as shown in the figure.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6) Turn the small FMS Knob to scroll through options (ON/OFF, range settings, etc.). 7) Press the ENT Key to select an option. 8) Press the FMS Knob or CLR Key to return to the Navigation Map Page. Figure 6-113 Navigation Map Page Menu Figure 6-114 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu Figure 6-115 Navigation Map Page Setup Menu, Traffic Group The Navigation Map Page Setup Menu also controls the display of traffic. The setup menu controls the map range settings.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SYSTEM STATUS The traffic mode is annunciated in the upper left corner of the Traffic Map Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The annunciations to indicate the status of traffic information appear in a banner at the lower left corner of maps on which traffic can be displayed. Traffic Status Banner Annunciation RA OFF SCALE TA OFF SCALE RA X.X ± XX ↕ TA X.X ± XX ↕ TRFC FAIL NO TCAS DATA Description A Resolution Advisory is outside the selected display range*. Annunciation is removed when traffic comes within the selected display range A Traffic Advisory is outside the selected display range*.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Blank Page 406 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SECTION 7 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM NOTE: The approved Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) always supersedes this Pilot’s Guide. The GFC 700 is a digital Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS), fully integrated within the G1000 System avionics architecture. The System Overview section provides a block diagram to support this system description.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.1 AFCS CONTROLS The AFCS Control Unit is positioned above the MFD, and has the following controls: 1 2 3 4 HDG Key APR Key Selects/deselects Heading Select Mode NAV Key FD Key Selects/deselects Navigation Mode Activates/deactivates the flight director only Pressing once turns on the selected flight director in the default vertical and lateral modes. Pressing again deactivates the flight director and removes the Command Bars.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM The following AFCS controls are located separately from the AFCS Control Unit: AP DISC Switch (Autopilot Disconnect) CWS Button (Control Wheel Steering) Disengages the autopilot, yaw damper, and flight director and interrupts pitch trim operation An AP DISC Switch is located on each control wheel. This switch may be used to acknowledge an autopilot disconnect alert and mute the associated aural tone.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.2 FLIGHT DIRECTOR OPERATION The flight director function provides pitch and roll commands to the AFCS and displays them on the PFDs. With the flight director active, the aircraft can be hand-flown to follow the path shown by the Command Bars. Maximum commanded pitch (±20°) and roll (30°) angles, vertical acceleration, and roll rate are limited to values established during AFCS certification. The flight director also provides commands to the autopilot.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM AFCS STATUS BOX Flight director mode annunciations are displayed on the PFDs when the flight director is active. Flight director selection and autopilot and yaw damper statuses are shown in the center of the AFCS Status Box. Lateral flight director modes are displayed on the left and vertical on the right. Armed modes are displayed in white and active in green.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLIGHT DIRECTOR MODES Flight director modes are normally selected independently for the pitch and roll axes. Unless otherwise specified, all mode keys are alternate action (i.e., press on, press off). In the absence of specific mode selection, the flight director reverts to the default pitch and/or roll modes(s). Mode keys on the AFCS controller are accompanied by annunciator lights (Figure 7-1) which are illuminated when their respective modes are armed or active.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM COMMAND BARS Upon activation of the flight director, Command Bars are displayed in magenta on the PFDs as single cues or cross pointers. The Aircraft Symbol (in yellow) changes to accommodate the Command Bar format; the Command Bars do not override the Aircraft Symbol. The single-cue Command Bars (Figure 7-5) move together vertically to indicate pitch commands and bank left or right to indicate roll commands.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.3 VERTICAL MODES Table 7-2 lists the vertical modes with their corresponding controls and annunciations. The mode reference is displayed next to the active mode annunciation for Altitude Hold, Vertical Speed, and Flight Level Change modes. The NOSE UP/DN Wheel can be used to change the vertical mode reference while operating under Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, or Flight Level Change Mode.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM PITCH HOLD MODE (PIT) When the flight director is activated (the FD Key is pressed) or switched (the XFR Key is pressed), Pitch Hold Mode is selected by default. Pitch Hold Mode is indicated as the active vertical mode by the ‘PIT’ annunciation. This mode may be used for climb or descent to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter), since Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed when Pitch Hold Mode is activated.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM SELECTED ALTITUDE CAPTURE MODE (ALTS) Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed with activation of the following modes: • Pitch Hold • Go Around • Vertical Speed • Vertical Path Tracking (if the Selected Altitude is to be captured instead of the VNV Target Altitude) • Flight Level Change The white ‘ALTS’ annunciation indicates Selected Altitude Capture Mode is armed (see Figure 7-7 for example).
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM ALTITUDE HOLD MODE (ALT) Altitude Hold Mode can be activated by pressing the ALT Key; the flight director maintains the current aircraft altitude (to the nearest 10 feet) as the Altitude Reference. The flight director’s Altitude Reference, shown in the AFCS Status Box, is independent of the Selected Altitude, displayed above the Altimeter. Altitude Hold Mode active is indicated by a green ‘ALT’ annunciation in the AFCS Status Box.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM VERTICAL SPEED MODE (VS) In Vertical Speed Mode, the flight director acquires and maintains a Vertical Speed Reference. Current aircraft vertical speed (to the nearest 100 fpm) becomes the Vertical Speed Reference at the moment of Vertical Speed Mode activation. This mode may be used for climb or descent to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter) since Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed when Vertical Speed Mode is selected.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLIGHT LEVEL CHANGE MODE (FLC) NOTE: The Selected Altitude should be set before selecting Flight Level Change Mode. Flight Level Change Mode is selected by pressing the FLC Key. This mode acquires and maintains the Airspeed Reference (in IAS or Mach) while climbing or descending to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter). When Flight Level Change Mode is active, the flight director continuously monitors Selected Altitude, airspeed, Mach, and altitude.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM CHANGING THE AIRSPEED REFERENCE The Airspeed Reference (shown in both the AFCS Status Box and above the Airspeed Indicator) may be adjusted by: • Using the NOSE UP/DN Wheel • Pressing the CWS Button, hand-flying the aircraft to attain a new Airspeed Reference, then releasing the CWS Button NOTE: If the Selected Altitude is reached during CWS maneuvering, the Airspeed Reference is not changed.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Airspeed Reference units can be manually toggled between IAS and Mach units using the SPD Key. When the FLC Airspeed Reference is displayed in Mach, the Airspeed Reference Bug is displayed on the Airspeed Indicator at the IAS corresponding to the selected Mach target speed and the current Mach number is shown below the Airspeed Indicator.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM VERTICAL NAVIGATION MODES (VPTH, ALTV) NOTE: VNV is disabled when parallel track or Dead Reckoning Mode is active. NOTE: The Selected Altitude takes precedence over any other vertical constraints. Vertical Navigation (VNV) flight control is available for enroute/terminal cruise and descent operations any time that VNV flight planning is available. Refer to the Flight Management Section for more information on VNV flight plans.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Prior to descent path interception, the Selected Altitude must be set below the current aircraft altitude by at least 75 feet.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM When a descent leg is captured (i.e., vertical deviation becomes valid), Vertical Path Tracking becomes active and tracks the descent profile (Figure 7-15). An altitude capture mode (‘ALTS’ or ‘ALTV’) is armed as appropriate.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Automatic Reversion to Pitch Hold Mode Several situations can occur while Vertical Path Tracking Mode is active which cause the flight director to revert to Pitch Hold Mode: • Vertical deviation exceeds 200 feet during an overspeed condition. • Vertical deviation experiences a discontinuity that both exceeds 200 feet in magnitude and results in the vertical deviation exceeding 200 feet in magnitude.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM VNV TARGET ALTITUDE CAPTURE MODE (ALTV) NOTE: Armed VNV Target Altitude and Selected Altitude capture modes are mutually exclusive. However, Selected Altitude Capture Mode is armed implicitly (not annunciated) whenever VNV Target Altitude Capture Mode is armed. VNV Target Altitude Capture is analogous to Selected Altitude Capture Mode and is armed automatically after the VNV Key is pressed and the next VNV Target Altitude is to be intercepted before the Selected Altitude.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM GLIDEPATH MODE (GP) NOTE: Pressing the CWS Button while Glidepath Mode is active does not cancel the mode. The autopilot guides the aircraft back to the glidepath upon release of the CWS Button. Glidepath Mode is used to track the SBAS-based glidepath. When Glidepath Mode is armed, ‘GP’ is annunciated in white in the AFCS Status Box.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM GPS Approach Mode Active GPS is Selected LPV Approach Navigation Active Source Glidepath Mode Active Command Bars to Indicate Descent on Glidepath Figure 7-19 Glidepath Mode 428 Glidepath Indicator Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM GLIDESLOPE MODE (GS) NOTE: Pressing the CWS Button while Glideslope Mode is active does not cancel the mode. The autopilot guides the aircraft back to the glideslope upon release of the CWS Button. Glideslope Mode is available for LOC/ILS approaches to capture and track the glideslope. When Glideslope Mode is armed (annunciated as ‘GS’ in white), LOC Approach Mode is armed as the lateral flight director mode.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM TAKEOFF (TO) AND GO AROUND (GA) MODES Go Around and Takeoff modes are coupled pitch and roll modes and are annunciated as both the vertical and lateral modes when active. In these modes, the flight director commands a constant set pitch attitude and keeps the wings level. The GA Switch is used to select both modes. The mode entered by the flight director depends on whether the aircraft is on the ground.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.4 LATERAL MODES The following table relates each GFC 700 lateral mode to its respective control and annunciation. Refer to the vertical modes section for information regarding Go Around and Takeoff modes.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM ROLL HOLD MODE (ROL) NOTE: If Roll Hold Mode is activated as a result of a mode reversion, the flight director rolls the wings level. When the flight director is activated or switched, Roll Hold Mode is selected by default. This mode is annunciated as ‘ROL’ in the AFCS Status Box. The current aircraft bank angle is held, subject to the bank angle condition.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM HEADING SELECT MODE (HDG) Heading Select Mode is activated by pressing the HDG Key. Heading Select Mode acquires and maintains the Selected Heading. The Selected Heading is shown by a light blue bug on the HSI and in the box to the upper left of the HSI. Changing the Selected Heading NOTE: Pressing the HDG Knob synchronizes the Selected Heading to the current heading. The Selected Heading is adjusted using the HDG Knob on either PFD.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM NAVIGATION MODES (GPS, VOR, LOC) NOTE: The selected navigation receiver must have a valid VOR or LOC signal or active GPS course for the flight director to enter Navigation Mode. Pressing the NAV Key selects Navigation Mode. Navigation Mode acquires and tracks the selected navigation source (GPS, VOR, LOC). The flight director follows GPS roll steering commands when GPS is the selected navigation source.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM CHANGING THE SELECTED COURSE If the navigation source is VOR or localizer or OBS Mode has been enabled when using GPS, the Selected Course is controlled using the CRS Knob corresponding to the selected flight director (CRS1 for the pilot side, CRS2 for the copilot side). Pressing the CWS Button and hand-flying the aircraft does not change the Selected Course while in Navigation Mode.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM APPROACH MODES (GPS, VAPP, LOC) NOTE: The selected navigation receiver must have a valid VOR or LOC signal or active GPS course for the flight director to enter Approach Mode. Approach Mode is activated when the APR Key is pressed. Approach Mode acquires and tracks the selected navigation source (GPS, VOR, or LOC), depending on loaded approach. This mode uses the selected navigation receiver deviation and desired course inputs to fly the approach.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM LOC Approach Mode allows the autopilot to fly a LOC/ILS approach with a glideslope. When LOC Approach Mode is armed, Glideslope Mode is also armed automatically. LOC captures are inhibited if the difference between aircraft heading and localizer course exceeds 105°. Selecting LOC Approach Mode: 1) Ensure a valid localizer frequency is tuned. 2) Ensure that LOC is the selected navigation source (use the CDI Softkey to cycle through navigation sources if necessary).
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Backcourse Mode Active Pitch Hold Mode Active LOC2 is Selected Navigation Source Command Bars Hold Pitch Attitude Figure 7-30 Backcourse Mode CHANGING THE SELECTED COURSE If the navigation source is VOR or localizer or OBS Mode has been enabled when using GPS, the Selected Course is controlled using the CRS Knob corresponding to the selected flight director (CRS1 for the pilot side, CRS2 for the copilot side).
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.5 AUTOPILOT AND YAW DAMPER OPERATION NOTE: Refer to the AFM for specific instructions regarding emergency procedures. The Cessna Citation Mustang’s autopilot and yaw damper operate the flight control surface servos to provide automatic flight control. The autopilot controls the aircraft pitch and roll attitudes following commands received from the flight director.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM ENGAGEMENT NOTE: Autopilot engagement/disengagement is not equivalent to servo engagement/disengagement. Use the CWS Button to disengage the pitch and roll servos while the autopilot remains active. NOTE: The autopilot cannot be engaged if the yaw damper has failed.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM DISENGAGEMENT The autopilot is manually disengaged by pushing the AP Key on the AFCS Control Unit, the GA Switch, or the MEPT ARM Switch. Manual autopilot disengagement is indicated by a five-second flashing yellow ‘AP’ annunciation and a three-second autopilot disconnect aural alert. Figure 7-33 Manual Autopilot Disengagement Pushing the AP DISC Switch or YD Key disengages both the yaw damper and the autopilot.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.6 EXAMPLE FLIGHT PLAN NOTE: The following example flight plan and diagrams (not to be used for navigation) in this section are for instructional purposes only and should be considered not current. Numbered portions of accompanying diagrams correspond to numbered procedure steps. This scenario-based set of procedures (based on the example flight plan found in the Flight Management Section) shows various GFC 700 AFCS modes used during a flight.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM DEPARTURE Climbing to the Selected Altitude and flying an assigned heading: 1) Before takeoff: a) Use the ALT SEL Knob to set the Selected Altitude to 12,000 feet. b) Push the GA Switch to activate Takeoff Mode. The flight director Command Bars establish a pitch up attitude to follow. c) Press the AP Key to engage the autopilot in a climb, holding the pitch angle commanded in Takeoff Mode and wings level.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM HD GM od e TO M ode 3 Selected Altitude of 12,000 MSL ALT Mode 4 KMKC 2 1 VS e Mod ode M TO Figure 7-37 Departure 444 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM INTERCEPTING A VOR RADIAL During climb-out, the autopilot continues to fly the aircraft in Heading Select Mode. Airway V4 to Salina VOR (SLN) should now be intercepted. Since the enroute flight plan waypoints correspond to VORs, flight director Navigation Mode using either VOR or GPS as the navigation source may be used. In this scenario, VOR Navigation Mode is used for navigation to the first VOR waypoint in the flight plan.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM FLYING A FLIGHT PLAN/GPS COURSE NOTE: Changing the navigation source cancels Navigation Mode and causes the flight director to revert back to Roll Hold Mode (wings rolled level). As the aircraft closes on Salina VOR, GPS is used to navigate the next leg, airway V244. The aircraft is currently tracking inbound on Airway V4. Flying a GPS flight plan: 1) Transition from VOR to GPS Navigation Mode: a) Press the CDI Softkey until GPS is the selected navigation source.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM DESCENT While flying the arrival procedure, the aircraft is cleared for descent in preparation for the approach to KCOS. Three methods are presented for descent: • Flight Level Change descent – Flight Level Change Mode can be used to descend to the Selected Altitude at a constant airspeed. This descent method does not account for flight plan waypoint altitude constraints.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Vertical Path Tracking descent to VNV Target Altitude: 1) Select VNV flight control: a) Press the VNV Key to arm Vertical Path Tracking Mode. The white annunciation ‘VPTH’ appears. b) Using the ALT SEL Knob, set the Selected Altitude below the flight plan’s VNV Target Altitude of 10,000 feet.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Non-path descent using Flight Level Change Mode: 1) Using Flight Level Change Mode, command a non-path descent to an intermediate altitude above the next VNV flight plan altitude: a) Using the ALT SEL Knob, set the Selected Altitude below the current aircraft altitude to an altitude (in this case, 9,400 feet) at which to level off between VNV flight plan altitudes. b) Press the FLC Key before the planned TOD during an altitude hold while VPTH is armed.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM VP TH M od e Planned TOD 2 BOD ALT Mode 1 FL C Pla nn M od e Selected Altitude of 9,400 MSL VNAV Target Altitude of 10,000 MSL 3 ed De sce nt ALT Mode Pa th TOD 4 VP TH Mo VNAV Target Altitude of 9,000 MSL de 5 BOD ALT Mode Selected Altitude 3 nm OPSHN HABUK Figure 7-42 Non-path Descent 450 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM APPROACH NOTE: If an approach contains a DME arc, the arc must be flown in Navigation Mode with the GFC 700. When receiving vectors from ATC, Navigation Mode must be selected prior to intercepting the ARC. Flying an ILS approach: 1) Transition from GPS Navigation Mode to Heading Select Mode. a) Select the Runway 35L ILS approach for KCOS and select ‘VECTORS’ for the transition. Load and activate the approach into the flight plan.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM KCOS LOC APR/ GS Mode 3 PETEY 2 G HD e od M PYNON 1 GPS NAV Mode Figure 7-43 ILS Approach to KCOS 452 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Flying a RNAV GPS approach with vertical guidance: 1) Arm flight director modes for a RNAV GPS approach with vertical guidance: a) Make sure the navigation source is set to GPS (use CDI Softkey to change navigation source). b) Select the Runway 35R LPV approach for KCOS. Load and activate the approach into the flight plan. 2) Press the APR Key once clearance for approach has been received. GPS Approach Mode is activated and Glidepath Mode is armed.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM GO AROUND/MISSED APPROACH NOTE: As a result of calculations performed by the system while flying the holding pattern, the display may re-size automatically and the aircraft may not precisely track the holding pattern as depicted on the PFD and MFD. Flying a missed approach: 1) Push the GA Switch at the Decision height and apply go around power to execute a missed approach. The flight director Command Bars establish a nose-up climb to follow.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 4 MOGAL GPS NAV Mode 3 2 GA Mode KCOS 1 Figure 7-45 Go Around/Missed Approach 190-00494-04 Rev.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.7 AFCS ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTS AFCS STATUS ALERTS The annunciations in Table 7-6 (listed in order of increasing priority) can appear on the PFDs above the Airspeed and Attitude indicators. Only one annunciation may occur at a time, and messages are prioritized by criticality.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM OVERSPEED PROTECTION While Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, Flight Level Change, Vertical Path Tracking, or an altitude capture mode is active, airspeed is monitored by the flight director and pitch commands are limited for overspeed protection. Overspeed protection is provided in situations where the flight director cannot acquire and maintain the mode reference for the selected vertical mode without exceeding the certified maximum autopilot airspeed.
AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM Blank Page 458 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SECTION 8 ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: With the availability of SafeTaxi®, ChartView, or FliteCharts®, it may be necessary to carry another source of charts on-board the aircraft.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.1 SYNTHETIC VISION SYSTEM (SVS) WARNING: Use appropriate primary systems for navigation, and for terrain, obstacle, and traffic avoidance. SVS is intended as an aid to situational awareness only and may not provide either the accuracy or reliability upon which to solely base decisions and/or plan maneuvers to avoid terrain, obstacles, or traffic. The optional Synthetic Vision System (SVS) is a visual enhancement to the G1000 Integrated Flight Deck.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Figure 8-1 Synthetic Vision Imagery SVS OPERATION SVS is activated from the PFD using the softkeys located along the bottom edge of the display. Pressing the softkeys turns the related function on or off. When SVS is enabled, the pitch scale increments are reduced to 10 degrees up and 7.5 degrees down. SVS functions are displayed on three levels of softkeys. The PFD Softkey leads into the PFD function Softkeys, including synthetic vision.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES PFD BACK SYN VIS Pressing the BACK Softkey returns to the top-level softkeys. PATHWAY BACK SYN TERR HRZN HDG APTSIGNS Pressing the BACK Softkey returns to the previous level of softkeys. Figure 8-2 SVS Softkeys Activating and deactivating SVS: 1) Press the PFD Softkey. 2) Press the SYN VIS Softkey. 3) Press the SYN TERR Softkey. The SVS display will cycle on or off with the SYN TERR Softkey. Activating and deactivating Pathways: 1) Press the PFD Softkey.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SVS FEATURES Selected Altitude Traffic Airport Runway Zero Pitch Line (ZPL) with Compass Heading Marks Pathways Flight Path Marker Command Bars Airplane Symbol SVS Softkeys Synthetic Terrain Figure 8-3 SVS on the Primary Flight Display NOTE: Pathways and terrain features are not a substitute for standard course and altitude deviation information provided by the altimeter, CDI, and VDI.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selected Altitude Programmed Altitudes Figure 8-4 Programmed and Selected Altitude Pathways provide supplemental glidepath/glideslope information on an active ILS, LPV, LNAV/VNAV, and some LNAV approaches. Pathways are intended as an aid to situational awareness and should not be used independent of the CDI, VDI, glide path indicator, and glide slope indicator. They are removed from the display when the selected navigation information is not available.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Descent and Approach Pathways are shown descending only for a programmed descent (Figures 8-5, 8-6). When the flight plan includes programmed descent segments, pathways are displayed along the descent path provided that the selected altitude is lower than the programmed altitude.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Missed Approach Upon activating the missed approach, pathways lead to the Missed Approach Holding Point (MAHP) and are displayed as a level path at the published altitude for the MAHP, or the selected altitude, whichever is the highest. If the initial missed approach leg is a Course-to-Altitude (CA) leg, the pathways boxes will be displayed level at the altitude published for the MAHP.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLIGHT PATH MARKER The Flight Path Marker (FPM), also known as a Velocity Vector, is displayed on the PFD at groundspeeds above 30 knots. The FPM depicts the approximate projected path of the aircraft accounting for wind speed and direction relative to the three-dimensional terrain display. The FPM is always available when the Synthetic Terrain feature is in operation.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES HORIZON HEADING The Horizon Heading is synchronized with the HSI and shows approximately 60 degrees of compass heading in 30‑degree increments on the Zero Pitch Line. Horizon heading tick marks and digits appearing on the zero pitch line are not visible behind either the airspeed or altitude display. Horizon Heading is used for general heading awareness, and is activated and deactivated by pressing the HRZN HDG Softkey. TRAFFIC WARNING: Intruder aircraft at or below 500 ft.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES RUNWAYS WARNING: Do not use SVS runway depiction as the sole means for determining the proximity of the aircraft to the runway or for maintaining the proper approach path angle during landing. NOTE: Not all airports have runways with endpoint data in the database, therefore, these runways are not displayed. Runway data provides improved awareness of runway location with respect to the surrounding terrain.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES TAWS ALERTING Terrain alerting on the synthetic terrain display is triggered by Forward-looking Terrain Avoidance (FLTA). When an obstacle becomes a potential impact point the color of the obstacle matches the red or yellow X on the Inset map and MFD map displays. For more detailed information regarding TAWS, refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section. In some instances, a terrain or obstacle alert may be issued with no conflict shading displayed on the synthetic terrain.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Obstacles are represented on the synthetic terrain display by standard two-dimensional tower symbols found on the Inset map and MFD maps and charts. Obstacle symbols appear in the perspective view with relative height above terrain and distance from the aircraft.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES FIELD OF VIEW The PFD field of view can be represented on the MFD Navigation Map Page. Two dashed lines forming a V‑shape in front of the aircraft symbol on the map, represent the forward viewing area shown on the PFD. Configuring field of view: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight Map Setup and press the ENT Key.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The following figure compares the PFD forward looking depiction with the MFD plan view and FIELD OF VIEW turned on. Lines Depict PFD Field of View SVS View on the PFD Field of View on the MFD Figure 8-13 MFD and PFD Field of View Comparison 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.2 SAFETAXI SafeTaxi is an enhanced feature that gives greater map detail when viewing airports at close range. The maximum map ranges for enhanced detail are pilot configurable. When viewing at ranges close enough to show the airport detail, the map reveals taxiways with identifying letters/numbers, airport Hot Spots, and airport landmarks including ramps, buildings, control towers, and other prominent features. Resolution is greater at lower map ranges.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Taxiway Identification Aircraft Position Airport Hot Spot Outline Airport Features Figure 8-14 SafeTaxi Depiction on the Navigation Map Page DCLTR Softkey Removes Taxiway Markings The DCLTR Softkey (declutter) label advances to DCLTR-1, DCLTR -2, and DCLTR-3 each time the softkey is pressed for easy recognition of decluttering level. Pressing the DCLTR Softkey removes the taxiway markings and airport feature labels.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Configuring SafeTaxi range: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Map Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. Figure 8-15 Navigation Map PAGE MENU, Map Setup Option 3) Turn the FMS Knob to select the Aviation Group and press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the Aviation Group options to SAFETAXI. 5) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the range of distances.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SAFETAXI CYCLE NUMBER AND REVISION SafeTaxi database is revised every 56 days. SafeTaxi is always available for use after the expiration date. When turning on the system, the Power-up Page indicates whether the databases are current, out of date, or not available. SafeTaxi Database Figure 8-17 Power-up Page, SafeTaxi Database Power-up Page Display Definition Normal operation. SafeTaxi database is valid and within current cycle. SafeTaxi database has expired.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The SafeTaxi database cycle number shown in Figure 8-18, 11S3, is deciphered as follows: 11 – Indicates the year 2011 S – Indicates the data is for SafeTaxi 3 – Indicates the third issue of the SafeTaxi database for the year The SafeTaxi EFFECTIVE date 07–MAY–11 is the beginning date for the current database cycle. SafeTaxi EXPIRES date 02–JUL–11 is the revision date for the next database cycle.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Figure 8-19 illustrates possible SafeTaxi database conditions that may appear on the AUX - System Status Page. The EFFECTIVE date is the beginning date for this database cycle. If the present date is before the effective date, the EFFECTIVE date appears in yellow and the EXPIRES date appears in blue. The EXPIRES date is the revision date for the next database cycle. NOT AVAILABLE indicates that SafeTaxi is not available on the database card or no database card is inserted.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.3 CHARTVIEW ChartView resembles the paper version of Jeppesen terminal procedures charts. The charts are displayed in full color with high-resolution. The MFD depiction shows the aircraft position on the moving map in the plan view of approach charts and on airport diagrams. Airport Hot Spots are outlined in magenta. The ChartView database subscription is available from Jeppesen, Inc.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHARTVIEW TERMINAL PROCEDURES CHARTS Selecting Terminal Procedures Charts: While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airport Page, or Flight Plan Page, select the SHW CHRT Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu to Show Chart. 3) Press the ENT Key to display the chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES When a chart is not available by selecting the SHW CHRT Softkey or selecting a Page Menu Option, charts may be obtained for other airports from the WPT Pages or Flight Plan Pages. If a chart is available for the destination airport, or the airport selected in the active flight plan, the chart appears on the screen. When no flight plan is active, or when not flying to a direct-to destination, selecting the SHW CHRT Softkey displays the chart for the nearest airport, if available.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES While the APPROACH Box is selected using the FMS Knob, the G1000 softkeys are blank. Once the desired chart is selected, the chart scale can be changed and the chart page can be scrolled using the Joystick. Pressing the Joystick centers the chart on the screen. The aircraft symbol is shown on the chart only if the chart is to scale and the aircraft position is within the boundaries of the chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the INFO-1 or INFO-2 Softkey returns to the airport diagram when the view is on a different chart. If the displayed chart is the airport diagram, the INFO-1 or INFO-2 Softkey has no effect. The aircraft position is shown in magenta on the ChartView diagrams when the location of the aircraft is within the chart boundaries. In the example shown, the aircraft is taxiing on Taxiway Alpha on the Charlotte, NC (KCLT) airport.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES In the example shown in Figure 8-26, the Class B Chart is selected. Pressing the ENT Key displays the Charlotte Class B Airspace Chart (Figure 8-27). Figure 8-27 Airport Information Page, Class B Chart Selected from INFO View Selecting the DP Softkey displays the Departure Procedure Chart if available. Chart Not To Scale Aircraft Not Shown Icon Figure 8-28 Departure Information Page 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the STAR Softkey displays the Standard Terminal Arrival Chart if available. Chart Not To Scale Change Range and Scroll Through the Chart With the Joystick Aircraft Not Shown Icon Figure 8-29 Arrival Information Page Selecting the APR Softkey displays the approach chart for the airport if available. Figure 8-30 Approach Information Page 486 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the WX Softkey shows the airport weather frequency information, and includes weather data such as METAR and TAF from the XM Data Link Receiver, when available. Weather information is available only when an XM Data Link Receiver is installed and the XM WX Satellite Weather subscription is current. WX Info When Available WX Softkey Selected Figure 8-31 Weather Information Page NOTE: A subdued softkey label indicates the function is disabled.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTAM Softkey Appears for Selected Airports Figure 8-32 NOTAM Softkey Highlighted Local NOTAM on This Airport NOTAM Softkey Selected Figure 8-33 Airport Information Page, Local NOTAMs Selecting the NOTAM Softkey again removes the NOTAMS information. Selecting the GO BACK Softkey reverts to the previous page (Navigation Map Page, Nearest Pages, or Flight Plan Page). 488 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHART OPTIONS Selecting the CHRT OPT Softkey displays the next level of softkeys, the chart options level (Figure 8-20). Selecting the ALL Softkey shows the entire approach chart on the screen. Complete Chart Shown Figure 8-34 Approach Information Page, ALL View Selecting the HEADER Softkey shows the header view (approach chart briefing strip) on the screen. Approach Chart Briefing Strip Figure 8-35 Approach Information Page, Header View 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the PLAN Softkey shows the approach chart two dimensional plan view. Approach Chart Plan View Figure 8-36 Approach Information Page, Plan View Selecting the PROFILE Softkey displays the approach chart descent profile strip. Approach Chart Descent Profile Strip Figure 8-37 Approach Information Page, Profile View, Full Screen Width 490 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the MINIMUMS Softkey displays the minimum descent altitude/visibility strip at the bottom of the approach chart. Minimum Descent Altitude/ Visibility Strip Figure 8-38 Approach Information Page, Minimums View, Full Screen Width 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES If the chart scale has been adjusted to view a small area of the chart, selecting the FIT WIDTH Softkey changes the chart size to fit the available screen width. Select FIT WDTH Softkey to Show Full Chart Width Figure 8-39 Airport Information Page, FIT WDTH Softkey Selected 492 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the FULL SCN Softkey alternates between removing and replacing the data window to the right. Selecting Additional Information: 1) While viewing the Airport Taxi Diagram, select the FULL SCN Softkey to display the information windows (AIRPORT, INFO). 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the AIRPORT, INFO, RUNWAYS, or FREQUENCIES Box (INFO Box shown). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the INFO Box choices.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The full screen view can also be selected by using the page menu option. Selecting full screen On or Off: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Chart Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to move between the FULL SCREEN and COLOR SCHEME Options. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to choose between the On and Off Full Screen Options.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES DAY/NIGHT VIEW ChartView can be displayed on a white or black background for day or night viewing. The Day View offers a better presentation in a bright environment. The Night View gives a better presentation for viewing in a dark environment. When the CHART SETUP Box is selected the G1000 softkeys are blank. Selecting Day, Night, or Automatic View: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Figure 8-43 Arrival Information Page, Day View Figure 8-44 Arrival Information Page, Night View 496 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHARTVIEW CYCLE NUMBER AND EXPIRATION DATE ChartView database is revised every 14 days. Charts are still viewable during a period that extends from the cycle expiration date to the disables date. ChartView is disabled 70 days after the expiration date and is no longer available for viewing. When turning on the system, the Power-up Page displays the current status of the ChartView database.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The ChartView time critical information can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. The database CYCLE number, EXPIRES, and DISABLES dates of the ChartView subscription appear in either blue or yellow text. When the ChartView EXPIRES date is reached, ChartView becomes inoperative 70 days later. This is shown as the DISABLES date. When the DISABLES date is reached, charts are no longer available for viewing.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Other possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown in Figure 8-47. The EXPIRES date, in yellow, is the revision date for the next database cycle. The DISABLES date, in yellow, is the date that this database cycle is no longer viewable. CYCLE NOT AVAILABLE in blue, indicates no ChartView data is available on the database card or no database card is inserted.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.4 FLITECHARTS FliteCharts resemble the paper version of AeroNav Services terminal procedures charts. The charts are displayed with high-resolution and in color for applicable charts. FliteCharts database subscription is available from Garmin. Available data includes: • Arrivals (STAR) • Approaches • Departure Procedures (DP) • Airport Diagrams FLITECHARTS SOFTKEYS FliteCharts functions are displayed on three levels of softkeys.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLITECHARTS TERMINAL PROCEDURES CHARTS Selecting Terminal Procedures Charts: While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airport Page, or Flight Plan Page, select the SHW CHRT Softkey. Or: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu to Show Chart. 3) Press the ENT Key to display the chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES When a chart is not available by selecting the SHW CHRT Softkey or selecting a Page Menu Option, charts may be obtained for other airports from the WPT Pages or Flight Plan Pages. If a chart is available for the destination airport, or the airport selected in the active flight plan, the chart appears on the screen. When no flight plan is active, or when not flying to a direct-to destination, selecting the SHW CHRT Softkey displays the chart for the nearest airport, if available.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES While the APPROACH Box is selected using the FMS Knob, the G1000 softkeys are blank. Once the desired chart is selected, the chart scale can be changed and the chart can be panned using the Joystick. Pressing the Joystick centers the chart on the screen. The aircraft symbol is not shown on FliteCharts. The Chart Scale Box displays a banner NOT TO SCALE, and the Aircraft Not Shown Icon is displayed in the lower right corner of the screen.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the INFO-1 or INFO-2 Softkey returns to the airport diagram when the view is on a different chart. If the displayed chart is the airport diagram, the INFO-1 or INFO-2 Softkey has no effect. Another source for additional airport information is from the INFO Box above the chart (Figure 8-53) or to the right of the chart (Figure 8-54) for certain airports. This information source is not related to the INFO-1 or INFO-2 Softkey.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES In the example shown in Figure 8-54, ALTERNATE MINIMUMS is selected. Pressing the ENT Key displays the IFR Alternate Minimums Chart (Figure 8-55). Figure 8-55 Airport Information Page, ALTERNATE MINIMUMS Selected from INFO View Selecting the DP Softkey displays the Departure Procedure Chart if available. Figure 8-56 Departure Information Page 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the STAR Softkey displays the Standard Terminal Arrival Chart if available. Figure 8-57 Arrival Information Page Selecting the APR Softkey displays the approach chart for the airport if available. Figure 8-58 Approach Information Page 506 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the WX Softkey shows the airport weather frequency information, when available, and includes weather data such as METAR and TAF from the XM Data Link Receiver. Weather information is available only when an XM Data Link Receiver is installed and the XM WX Satellite Weather subscription is current. Selecting Additional Information: 1) While viewing the Airport Taxi Diagram, select the WX Softkey to display the information windows (AIRPORT, INFO).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHART OPTIONS Selecting the CHRT OPT Softkey displays the next level of softkeys, the chart options level (Figure 8‑48). Selecting the ALL Softkey shows the entire chart on the screen. Complete Chart Shown Figure 8-60 Airport Information Page, ALL View Selected 508 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the FIT WIDTH Softkey fits the width of the chart in the display viewing area. In the example shown, the chart at close range is replaced with the full width chart. Select FIT WDTH Softkey to Show Full Chart Width Figure 8-61 Approach Information Page, FIT WDTH Softkey Selected 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting the FULL SCN Softkey alternates between removing and replacing the data window to the right. Select FULL SCN Softkey to Switch Between Full Screen Chart and Chart With Info Window Figure 8-62 Airport Information Page, Full Screen and Info Window Selecting the BACK Softkey, or waiting for 45 seconds reverts to the chart selection softkeys. 510 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The full screen view can also be selected by using the page menu option. Selecting full screen On or Off: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the Chart Setup Menu Option and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to move between the FULL SCREEN and COLOR SCHEME Options. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to choose between the On and Off Full Screen Options.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES DAY/NIGHT VIEW FliteCharts can be displayed on a white or black background for day or night viewing. The Day View offers a better presentation in a bright environment. The Night View gives a better presentation for viewing in a dark environment. When the CHART SETUP Box is selected the G1000 softkeys are blank. Selecting Day, Night, or Automatic View: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Figure 8-65 Approach Information Page, Day View Figure 8-66 Approach Information Page, Night View 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLITECHARTS CYCLE NUMBER AND EXPIRATION DATE FliteCharts data is revised every 28 days. Charts are still viewable during a period that extends from the cycle expiration date to the disables date. FliteCharts is disabled 180 days after the expiration date and are no longer available for viewing upon reaching the disables date. When turning on the system, the Power-up Page displays the current status of the FliteCharts database.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES When the 180 day grace period has expired, ‘Chart data is disabled.’ in yellow indicates that the FliteCharts database has expired and is no longer viewable. ‘Chart Data: N/A’ appears in white if no FliteCharts data is available on the database card or no database card is inserted. FliteCharts time critical information can also be found on the AUX - System Status page.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The FliteCharts database is provided from Garmin. Refer to Updating Garmin Databases in Appendix B for instructions on revising the FliteCharts database. The other three possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown here. The EXPIRES date, in yellow, is the revision date for the next database cycle. The DISABLES date, in yellow, is the date that this database cycle is no longer viewable.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.5 AOPA AIRPORT DIRECTORY The Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) Airport Directory database offers detailed information regarding services, hours of operation, lodging options, and more. This information is viewed on the Airport Information Page by selecting the INFO Softkey until INFO-2 is displayed as shown in Figure 8-70. Figure 8-70 AOPA Information on the Airport Information Page 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES AOPA DATABASE CYCLE NUMBER AND REVISION The AOPA Airport Directory database is revised four times per year. Check fly.garmin.com for the current database. The Airport Directory is always available for use after the expiration date. When turning on the system, the Power-up Page indicates whether the databases are current, out of date, or not available. AOPA Database Figure 8-71 Power-up Page, Airport Directory Database Power-up Page Display Definition Normal operation.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The Airport Directory database cycle number shown in the figure, 11D2, is deciphered as follows: 11 – Indicates the year 2011 D – Indicates the data is for Airport Directory 2 – Indicates the second issue of the Airport Directory database for the year The Airport Directory EFFECTIVE date 15–APR–11 is the beginning date for the current database cycle. The Airport Directory EXPIRES date 14–JUL–11 is the revision date for the next database cycle.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.6 SIRIUSXM SATELLITE RADIO ENTERTAINMENT NOTE: Refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section for information about XM WX Satellite Weather products. The optional SiriusXM Satellite Radio entertainment feature of the GDL 69A Data Link Receiver is available for the passengers’ enjoyment. The GDL 69A can receive Sirius XM Satellite Radio entertainment services at any altitude throughout the Continental U.S.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: The LOCK Softkey on the XM Information Page (AUX Page Group) is used to save GDL 69A activation data when the SiriusXM services are initially set up. It is not used during normal SiriusXM Satellite Radio operation, but there should be no adverse effects if inadvertently selected during flight. Refer to the GDL 69/69A XM Satellite Radio Activation Instructions (190-00355-04, Rev H or later) for further information.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES USING SIRIUSXM SATELLITE RADIO The XM Radio Page provides information and control of the audio entertainment features of the SiriusXM Satellite Radio. Selecting the XM Radio Page: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the AUX Page Group. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the displayed AUX - XM Information Page. 3) Select the RADIO Softkey to show the XM Radio Page where audio entertainment is controlled.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 1) Press the FMS Knob to highlight the channel list and turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the channels. 2) Press the ENT Key to activate the selected channel. Selecting a channel directly: 1) While on the XM Radio Page, select the CHNL Softkey. 2) Select the DIR CH Softkey. The channel number in the Active Channel Box is highlighted. 3) Select the numbered softkeys located on the bottom of the display to directly select the desired channel number.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES PRESETS Up to 15 channels from any category can be assigned a preset number. The preset channels are selected by selecting the PRESETS and MORE Softkeys. Then the preset channel can be selected directly and added to the channel list for the Presets category. Setting a preset channel number: 1) On the XM Radio Page, while listening to an Active Channel that is wanted for a preset, select the PRESETS Softkey to access the first five preset channels (PS1 - PS5).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.7 SCHEDULER The Scheduler feature can be used to enter and display reminder messages (e.g., Hot Section Inspection or Phase 1 Maintenance Check) in the Messages Window on the PFD. Messages can be set to display based on a specific date and time (event), once the message timer reaches zero (one-time; default setting), or recurrently whenever the message timer reaches zero (periodic).
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 9) For event-based messages: a) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired date (DD-MM-YY) and press the ENT Key. b) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to the next field. c) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired time (HH:MM) and press the ENT Key. 10) Press the ENT Key again or use the large FMS Knob to move the cursor to enter the next message. Deleting a scheduler message: 1) Select the AUX - Utility Page.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.8 FLIGHT DATA LOGGING NOTE: Some aircraft installations may not provide all aircraft/engine data capable of being logged by the system. The Flight Data Logging feature will automatically store critical flight and engine data on an SD data card (up to 16GB) inserted into the top card slot of the MFD. Approximately 1,000 flight hours can be recorded for each 1GB of available space on the card. Data is written to the SD card once each second while the MFD is powered on.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The file containing the recorded data will appear in the format shown in Figure 8-79. This file can be imported into most computer spreadsheet applications. Local Date YYMMDD Local 24hr Time HHMMSS Nearest Airport (A blank will be inserted if no airport is found) log_110210_104506_KIXD.csv Figure 8-79 Log File Format Data logging status can be monitored on the AUX-UTILITY Page. 528 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.9 ABNORMAL OPERATION SVS TROUBLESHOOTING SVS is intended to be used with traditional attitude, heading, obstacle, terrain, and traffic inputs. SVS is disabled when valid attitude or heading data is not available for the display. In case of invalid SVS data, the PFD display reverts to the standard blue-over-brown attitude display.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES UNUSUAL ATTITUDES Unusual attitudes are displayed with red chevrons overlaid on the display indicating the direction to fly to correct the unusual attitude condition. The display shows either a brown or blue colored bar at the top or bottom of the screen to represent earth or sky. This is intended to prevent losing sight of the horizon during extreme pitch attitudes.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES GDL 69/69A DATA LINK RECEIVER TROUBLESHOOTING Some quick troubleshooting steps listed below can be performed to find the possible cause of a failure.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES If a failure still exists, the following messages may provide insight as to the possible problem: Message CHECK ANTENNA UPDATING NO SIGNAL LOADING OFF AIR --- Message Location XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field Weather Data Link Page - center of page XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field XM Radio Page - active channel field Description Data Link Receiver antenna error; servic
APPENDIX A ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTS CAS MESSAGES Red annunciation window text signifies warnings; yellow, cautions; and white, annunciation advisories. See the Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) for recommended pilot actions.
APPENDIX A Messages Warning Caution Advisory Description T2 HTR FAIL L-R* T2 probe heater failure Tailcone temp high, possible bleed air leak.
APPENDIX A REVERSIONARY SENSOR ANNUNCIATIONS Reversionary sensor selection is annunciated in the Reversionary Sensor Window, as shown in Figure A-2. These annunciations reflect reversionary sensors selected on one or both PFDs. Pressing the SENSOR Softkey gives access to ADC1, ADC2, AHRS1, and AHRS2 Softkeys. These softkeys allow manual switching of sensors. In the case of certain types of sensor failures, the G1000 may make some sensor selections automatically. The GPS sensor cannot be switched manually.
APPENDIX A NOTE: Upon power-up of the G1000 system, certain windows remain invalid as G1000 equipment begins to initialize. All windows should be operational within one minute of power-up. Should any window continue to remain flagged, the G1000 system should be serviced by a Garmin-authorized repair facility.
APPENDIX A System Annunciation Comment Attitude and Heading Reference System is aligning. Display system is not receiving attitude information from the AHRS. Indicates a configuration module failure. Display system is not receiving airspeed input from air data computer. Display system is not receiving valid heading input from AHRS. Display system is not receiving altitude input from the air data computer. Display system is not receiving vertical speed input from the air data computer.
APPENDIX A System Annunciation Comment GPS information is either not present or is invalid for navigation use. Note that AHRS utilizes GPS inputs during normal operation. AHRS operation may be degraded if GPS signals are not present (see AFM). Other Various Red X Indications A red “X” through any other display field (such as engine instrumentation display) indicates that the field is not receiving valid data.
APPENDIX A MFD & PFD MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message MFD1 CONFIG – MFD1 config error. Config service req’d. SW MISMATCH – GDU software version mismatch. Xtalk is off. PFD1 COOLING – PFD1 has poor cooling. Reducing power usage. PFD2 COOLING – PFD2 has poor cooling. Reducing power usage. MFD1 COOLING – MFD1 has poor cooling. Reducing power usage. PFD1 KEYSTK – PFD1 [key name] Key is stuck. PFD2 KEYSTK – PFD2 [key name] Key is stuck. MFD1 KEYSTK – MFD [key name] Key is stuck.
APPENDIX A DATABASE MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 terrain database error exists. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 terrain database error exists. PFD2 DB ERR – PFD2 terrain database error exists. MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 terrain database missing. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 terrain database missing. PFD2 DB ERR – PFD2 terrain database missing. MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 obstacle database error exists. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 obstacle database error exists. PFD2 DB ERR – PFD2 obstacle database error exists.
APPENDIX A DATABASE MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 Safe Taxi database error exists. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 Safe Taxi database error exists. PFD2 DB ERR – PFD2 Safe Taxi database error exists. MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 Chartview database error exists. Comments The MFD and/or PFD detected a failure in the Safe Taxi database. Ensure that the data card is properly inserted. Replace data card. If problem persists, the system should be serviced.
APPENDIX A GMA 1347D/1347D-20 MESSAGE ADVISORIES Message GMA1 FAIL – GMA1 is inoperative. GMA2 FAIL – GMA2 is inoperative. GMA XTALK – GMA crosstalk error has occurred. GMA1 CONFIG – GMA1 config error. Config service req’d. GMA2 CONFIG – GMA2 config error. Config service req’d. Comments The audio panel self-test has detected a failure. The audio panel is unavailable. The system should be serviced. An error has occurred in transferring data between the two GMAs. The system should be serviced.
APPENDIX A GIA 63W MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message HW MISMATCH – GIA hardware mismatch. GIA1 communication halted. HW MISMATCH – GIA hardware mismatch. GIA2 communication halted. MANIFEST – GIA1 software mismatch, communication halted. MANIFEST – GIA2 software mismatch, communication halted. MANIFEST – GFC software mismatch, communication halted. COM1 TEMP – COM1 over temp. Reducing transmitter power. COM2 TEMP – COM2 over temp. Reducing transmitter power. COM1 SERVICE – COM1 needs service.
APPENDIX A GIA 63W MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message NAV1 SERVICE – NAV1 needs service. Return unit for repair. NAV2 SERVICE – NAV2 needs service. Return unit for repair. G/S1 FAIL – G/S1 is inoperative. G/S2 FAIL – G/S2 is inoperative. G/S1 SERVICE – G/S1 needs service. Return unit for repair. G/S2 SERVICE – G/S2 needs service. Return unit for repair. Comments A failure has been detected in the NAV1 and/or NAV2 receiver. The receiver may still be available. The system should be serviced.
APPENDIX A GTX 33/33D MESSAGE ADVISORIES Message XPDR1 CONFIG – XPDR1 config error. Config service req’d. XPDR2 CONFIG – XPDR2 config error. Config service req’d. MANIFEST – GTX1 software mismatch, communication halted. MANIFEST – GTX2 software mismatch, communication halted. XPDR1 SRVC – XPDR1 needs service. Return unit for repair. XPDR2 SRVC – XPDR2 needs service. Return unit for repair. XPDR1 FAIL – XPDR1 is inoperative. XPDR2 FAIL – XPDR2 is inoperative.
APPENDIX A GRS 77 MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message AHRS1 SRVC – AHRS1 Magneticfield model needs update. AHRS2 SRVC – AHRS2 Magneticfield model needs update. GEO LIMITS – AHRS1 too far North/South, no magnetic compass. GEO LIMITS – AHRS2 too far North/South, no magnetic compass. MANIFEST – GRS1 software mismatch, communication halted. MANIFEST – GRS2 software mismatch, communication halted. Comments The #1 AHRS earth magnetic field model is out of date. Update magnetic field model when practical.
APPENDIX A GWX 68 ALERT MESSAGES Message GWX CONFIG – GWX config error. Config service req’d. GWX FAIL – GWX is inoperative. GWX SERVICE – GWX needs service. Return unit for repair. MANIFEST – GWX software mismatch, communication halted. WX ALERT – Possible severe weather ahead. Comments GWX 68 configuration settings do not match those of the GDU configuration. The system should be serviced. The GDU is not recieving status packet from the GWX 68 or the GWX 68 is reporting a fault.
APPENDIX A GMC 710 MESSAGE ADVISORIES Message GMC CONFIG – GMC Config error. Config service req’d. GMC FAIL – GMC is inoperative. MANIFEST – GMC software mismatch. Communication halted. GMC KEYSTK – GMC [key name] Key is stuck. Comments Error in the configuration of the GMC 710. A failure has been detected in the GMC 710. The GMC 710 is unavailable. The GMC 710 has incorrect software installed. The system should be serviced. A key is stuck on the GMC 710 bezel.
APPENDIX A MISCELLANEOUS MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message ARSPC NEAR – Airspace near – less than 2 nm. APR INACTV – Approach is not active. SLCT FREQ – Select appropriate frequency for approach. SLCT NAV – Select NAV on CDI for approach. PTK FAIL – Parallel track unavailable: bad geometry. PTK FAIL – Parallel track unavailable: invalid leg type. PTK FAIL – Parallel track unavailable: past IAF. UNABLE V WPT – Can’t reach current vertical waypoint. VNV – Unavailable. Unsupported leg type in flight plan.
APPENDIX A MISCELLANEOUS MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message SCHEDULER [#] – . CHECK CRS – Database course for LOC1 / [LOC ID] is [CRS]°. CHECK CRS – Database course for LOC2 / [LOC ID] is [CRS]°. [PFD1, PFD2, or MFD1] CARD 1 REM – Card 1 was removed. Reinsert card. [PFD1, PFD2, or MFD1] CARD 2 REM – Card 2 was removed. Reinsert card. [PFD1, PFD2, or MFD1] CARD 1 ERR – Card 1 is invalid. [PFD1, PFD2, or MFD1] CARD 2 ERR – Card 2 is invalid. TRN AUD FAIL – Trn Awareness audio source unavailable.
APPENDIX A AFCS ALERTS NOTE: Do not press the AP DISC switch during servo power-up and preflight system tests as this may cause the preflight system test to fail or never to start (if servos fail their power-up tests). Power must be cycled to the servos to remedy the situation. System Status Field Figure A-5 AFCS System Status Field The following alert annunciations appear in the AFCS System Status field on the PFD. Condition Pitch Failure Annunciation Description Pitch axis control failure.
APPENDIX A TAWS-B ALERTS Annunciations appear on the PFD and MFD. Pop-up alerts appear only on the MFD.
APPENDIX A TAWS-B SYSTEM STATUS ANNUNCIATIONS PFD/MFD Alert Annunciation TERRAIN-SVS Page Annunciation Aural Message TAWS TEST None None “TAWS System Test OK” TAWS-B System Test Fail TAWS FAIL “TAWS System Failure” Terrain or Obstacle database unavailable or invalid, invalid software configuration, system audio fault TAWS FAIL “TAWS System Failure” NO GPS POSITION “TAWS Not Available” None “TAWS Not Available” Alert Type System Test in Progress System Test Pass None No GPS position Excess
APPENDIX A Traffic Status Banner Annunciation RA OFF SCALE TA OFF SCALE RA X.X ± XX ↕ TA X.X ± XX ↕ TRFC FAIL NO TCAS DATA Description A Resolution Advisory is outside the selected display range*. Annunciation is removed when traffic comes within the selected display range A Traffic Advisory is outside the selected display range*. Annunciation is removed when traffic comes within the selected display range. System cannot determine bearing of Resolution Advisory**.
APPENDIX A Weather Radar Page Center Banner Description Annunciation BAD CONFIG The radar configuration is invalid. The radar should be serviced. RDR FAULT The radar radar unit is reporting a fault. The radar should be serviced. The system is not receiving valid data from the radar unit. The system RADAR FAIL should be serviced.
APPENDIX A Blank Page 556 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
APPENDIX B DATABASE MANAGEMENT CAUTION: Never disconnect power to the system when loading a database. Power interuption during the database loading process could result in maintenance being required to reboot the system. The system uses Secure Digital (SD) cards to load and store various types of data. For basic flight operations, SD cards are required for database storage as well as Jeppesen navigation and ChartView database updates. Not all SD cards are compatible with the G1000.
APPENDIX B 2) Turn the system ON. A prompt similar to the following is displayed in the upper left corner of the display: Figure B-1 Standby Navigation Database Prompt 3) Press the NO Softkey to proceed to loading the active database. 4) A prompt similar to the following is displayed, press the YES Softkey to update the active navigation database. Figure B-2 Database Update Confirmation 5) After the update completes, the display starts in normal mode.
APPENDIX B If a navigation database loader card is inserted into the top SD card slot of a display, and an SD card is in the bottom slot, the system will prompt the user (upon on-ground power up) as to whether the database should be stored on the bottom SD card as the standby database. If the user responds affirmatively, the system will copy the navigation database from the top SD card to the bottom SD card.
APPENDIX B 6) As instructed on the display, press any key to continue. The display will now appear as shown in Figure B-5. Figure B-5 Navigation Database Verification Prompt 7) Press any key to continue. The display will now appear as shown in Figure B-6. Figure B-6 Active Navigation Database Prompt 8) Press the NO Softkey. The display now starts in normal mode. Since the database effective date is not yet valid, it should not be loaded as the active database. The display now starts in normal mode.
APPENDIX B GARMIN DATABASES The following databases are stored on Supplemental Data Cards provided by Garmin: • Expanded basemap • Airport terrain • SafeTaxi • Terrain • Obstacle • FliteCharts • Airport Directory (AOPA) After subscribing to the desired database product, these database products will be downloaded and ultimately stored on three Supplemental Data Cards (with the exception of FliteCharts, which is loaded on only one card).
APPENDIX B The SafeTaxi database contains detailed airport diagrams for selected airports. These diagrams aid in following ground control instructions by accurately displaying the aircraft position on the map in relation to taxiways, ramps, runways, terminals, and services. This database is updated on a 56-day cycle. The FliteCharts database contains procedure charts for the United States only. This database is updated on a 28-day cycle.
APPENDIX B The Display Database Softkey (Figure B-11) is used to place the cursor in the Database Window. Upon first press of the Display Database Softkey, the softkey will change to a selected state (black text on gray background) and the cursor will appear in the Database Window. At this point the user can scroll through all databases in the Database Window to view status information. If the Display Database Softkey is pressed repeatedly, the softkey will cycle through PFD1, PFD2, and MFD.
APPENDIX B In some cases it may be necessary to obtain an unlock code from Garmin in order to make the database product functional. It may also be necessary to have the system configured by a Garmin authorized service facility in order to use some database features. After the data has been copied to the appropriate data card, perform the following steps: 1) With system power OFF, remove the MFD database card from the bottom card slot of the MFD. 2) Update the Garmin databases on the MFD card.
APPENDIX B MAGNETIC FIELD VARIATION DATABASE UPDATE A copy of the current magnetic field variation database (MV DB) is included with the navigation database. At startup, the system compares this version of the MV DB with that presently being used by each AHRS (GRS1 and GRS2). If the system determines the MV DB needs to be updated, a prompt is displayed on the Navigation Map Page, as shown in Figure B-12. Note, in the following example, GRS1 is the first AHRS to indicate an update is available.
APPENDIX B 3) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key on the MFD. A progress monitor is displayed as shown in Figure B-15. When the upload is complete, the system is ready for use. Figure B-15 Uploading Database to GRS2 566 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-04 Rev.
APPENDIX C GLOSSARY ACC accuracy ACT, ACTV active, activate ADC air data computer ADF Automatic Direction Finder ADI Attitude Direction Indicator AF Arc to fix AFCS Automatic Flight Control System AFM Airplane Flight Manual AFMS Airplane Flight Manual Supplement AFRM airframe AGL Above Ground Level AHRS Attitude and Heading Reference System AIM Aeronautical Information Manual AIRMET Airman’s Meteorological Information ALRT alert ALT altitude ALT, ALTN alternator AMPS amperes ANNUNC annunciatio
APPENDIX C dBZ decibels ‘Z’ (radar return) DCLTR, DECLTR declutter DEC FUEL decrease fuel deg degree DEIC, DEICE de-icing DEP departure Desired Track The desired course between the active “from” and “to” waypoints. DEST destination DF Direct to Fix DFLT default DGRD degrade DH decision height Dilution of Precision A measure of GPS satellite geometry quality on a scale of one to ten (lower numbers equal better geometry, where higher numbers equal poorer geometry).
APPENDIX C Fuel Flow Fuel On Board The fuel flow rate, expressed in units of fuel per hour. The total amount of usable fuel on board the aircraft.
APPENDIX C Left Over Fuel Reserve The amount of flight time remaining, based on the amount of fuel on board after the completion of one or more legs of a flight plan or direct-to, and a known consumption rate. Leg The portion of a flight plan between two waypoints.
APPENDIX C REM remaining (fuel remaining above Reserve) REQ required RES reserve (fuel reserve entered by pilot) REV reverse, revision, revise RF Constant Radius Turn to Fix RMI Radio Magnetic Indicator RMT remote RNG range RNWY runway ROL roll ROM read only memory rpm revolutions per minute RST FUEL reset fuel RSV reserve (fuel reserve entered by pilot) RT right RVRSNRY reversionary RX receive S south SA Selective Availability SAT Static Air Temperature SBAS Satellite-Based Augmentation System
APPENDIX C Vertical Figure of Merit A measure of the uncertainty in the aircraft’s vertical position. Vertical Speed Required The vertical speed necessary to descend/ climb from a current position and altitude to a defined target position and altitude, based upon current groundspeed.
APPENDIX D FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS If a particular aspect of G1000 operational capability is not addressed by these commonly asked questions or in the index, contact Garmin (see the copyright page or back cover for contact information) or a Garmin-authorized dealer. Garmin is dedicated to supporting its products and customers. What is SBAS? The Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS) uses a system of ground stations to correct any GPS signal errors.
APPENDIX D For RAIM to work correctly, the GPS receiver must track at least five satellites. A minimum of six satellites is required to allow RAIM to eliminate a single corrupt satellite from the navigation solution. RAIM ensures that satellite geometry allows for a navigation solution calculation within a specified protection limit (2.0 nm for oceanic and en route, 1.0 nm for terminal, and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches).
APPENDIX D Normal (OBS not activated) • Automatic sequencing of waypoints OBS • Manual sequencing - ‘holds’ on selected waypoint • Manual course change on HSI not possible • Manually select course to waypoint from HSI • Always navigates ‘TO’ the active waypoint • Indicates ‘TO’ or ‘FROM’ waypoint • Must be in this mode for final approach course • Cannot be set for final approach course or published holding patterns When OBS mode is active, the G1000 allows the pilot to set a desired course to/from a
APPENDIX D When does the CDI scale change? Once a departure is activated, the Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) full scale deflection is set to 0.3 nm. The CDI scale changes to 1.0 nm (terminal mode) then ramps up to 2.0 nm (enroute mode) at 30 nm from the departure airport. When 31 nm from the destination, the CDI scale smoothly transition from 2.0 nm back to 1.0 nm (terminal mode). At 2.
APPENDIX E GENERAL TIS INFORMATION INTRODUCTION NOTE: Aircraft without an operating transponder are invisible to TIS. The Traffic Information Service (TIS) provides traffic advisory information to non-TAS/TCAS-equipped aircraft. TIS is a ground-based service providing the relative locations of all ATCRBS Mode-A and Mode-C transponder equipped aircraft within a specified service volume. The TIS ground sensor uses real-time track reports to generate traffic notification.
APPENDIX E WARNING: Garmin is not responsible for Mode S geographical coverage. Operation of the ground stations is the responsibility of the FAA. Refer to the AIM for a Terminal Mode S radar site map. NOTE: TIS is unavailable at low altitudes in many areas of the United States. This is often the case in mountainous regions. TIS information is collected during a single radar sweep. Collected information is then sent through the Mode S uplink on the next radar sweep.
APPENDIX F DISPLAY SYMBOLS AIRPORT BASEMAP Item Item Symbol Symbol Interstate Highway Unknown Airport State Highway Non-towered, Non-serviced Airport US Highway Towered, Non-serviced Airport National Highway Non-towered, Serviced Airport Small City or Town Towered, Serviced Airport Medium City Restricted (Private) Airport Large City Heliport TRAFFIC Traffic Symbol NAVAIDS Item Symbol Intersection Description Non-Threat Traffic LOM (compass locator at outer marker) Proximity Advisory
APPENDIX F LINE SYMBOLS Item Symbol ICAO Control Area Class B Airspace Mode C Tower Area Warning Area Alert Area Caution Area Danger Area Prohibited Area Restricted Area Training Area Unknown Area Class C Terminal Radar Service Area Mode C Area Military Operations Area (MOA) State or Province Border International Border Road Railroad Lattitude/Longitude OBSTACLE DATABASE Obstacle Symbol Unlighted Obstacle Lighted Obstacle < 1000 ft AGL > 1000 ft AGL < 1000 ft AGL > 1000 ft AGL Obstacle Color Obstacle
APPENDIX F TERRAIN COLOR CHART Potential Impact Point Terrain above or within 100 ft below the aircraft altitude Projected Flight Path 100 ft Threshold Unlighted Obstacle 1000 ft Terrain Color Terrain Location Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the aircraftTerrain altitude Red (WARNING) above or within 100 ft below aircraft altitude Yellow (CAUTION) Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft of aircraft altitude Terrain more than 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude Black (NO DANGER) Terrain more than 1000
APPENDIX F HAZARD AVOIDANCE FEATURES Feature Symbol Terrain Proximity/TAWS display enabled Traffic display enabled NEXRAD display enabled Cloud Top display enabled Echo Top display enabled XM Lightning display enabled Cell Movement display enabled SIGMETs/AIRMETs display enabled METARs display enabled City Forecast display enabled Surface Analysis display enabled Freezing Levels display enabled Winds Aloft display enabled County Warnings display enabled Cyclone Warnings display enabled Icing Potential (CI
INDEX A Activate a Flight Plan---------------------------------------227 Active database-------------------------------------- 558, 559 Active frequency------------------------------------- 106, 116 ADF---------------------------------------------------------125 ADF ADF mode------------------------------------------ 125, 127 ANT mode-------------------------------------------------127 Volume-----------------------------------------------------125 ADF audio----------------------------------------------------
INDEX Chart Not Available---------------------------------- 481, 501 Chart options----------------------------------------- 489, 508 CHART SETUP box----------------------------------- 495, 512 ChartView--------------------------------------- 459, 480, 498 ChartView functions----------------------------------------480 Clearance recorder------------------------------------------142 Closest Point-------------------------------------------------240 Code selection softkeys------------------------------------136
INDEX FliteCharts functions---------------------------------------500 FPA----------------------------------------------------- 243, 285 Frequency Nearest----------------------------------------------------197 Frequency spacing------------------------------------------114 Frequency transfer arrow----------------------------------107 Frequently asked questions--------------------------------573 Fuel------------------------------------------------------------ 93 Efficiency--------------------------------------
INDEX Mode S------------------------------------- 23, 129, 131, 135 Mode selection softkeys--------- 130, 131, 133, 134, 136 Mode S Transponder----------------------------------------129 GTX 33/33D Controls-----------------------------------130 GTX 33/33D Mode Selection---------------------------131 TCAS II Transponder Controls--------------------------133 TCAS II Transponder Mode Selection------------------134 Morse code identifier---------------------------------------118 Multi Function Display (MFD) Soft
INDEX Selected Altitude------------ 415, 416, 418, 419, 422, 426 Selected Altitude Capture Mode-415, 416, 417, 418, 422, 430 Selected Altitude Intercept Arc----------------------------176 Selected course-------------------------------------------53, 65 Selected Course-------------------------------- 435, 437, 438 Selected heading-----------------------------------------53, 65 Selected Heading------------------------------------ 408, 433 Selecting a COM radio-------------------------------------106 Sensor---
INDEX Trim Indicator------------------------------------------------- 96 Trip Planning------------------------------------ 259, 260, 261 Trip statistics-------------------------------------------------- 47 Trip Statistics------------------------------------------ 260, 261 True Airspeed------------------------------------------------261 Tuning ADF frequencies------------------------------------126 Turn anticipation--------------------------------------------575 Turn rate indicator----------------------------
Garmin International, Inc. 1200 East 151st Street Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A. p:913.397.8200 f:913.397.8282 www.garmin.com Garmin AT, Inc. 2345 Turner Road SE Salem, OR 97302, U.S.A. p:503.391.3411 f:503.364.2138 Garmin (Europe) Ltd. Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road Houndsdown Business Park Southampton, SO40 9RB, U.K. p:44/0870.8501241 f:44/0870.8501251 Garmin Corporation No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan p:886/02.2642.9199 f:886/02.2642.
