No part of this document may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the express written consent of II Morrow Inc. II Morrow is a trademark of II Morrow Inc. Apollo is a registered trademark of II Morrow Inc. Precedus is a trademark of II Morrow Inc. 1997 by II Morrow Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. II Morrow Inc. Consumer Products Division 2345 Turner Road S.E. Salem, OR 97302 U.S.A.
Welcome ... Welcome to a new era of navigation. Once again, II Morrow Inc. has set new standards in features and ease of use for the general aviation public. The Precedus is unequaled in providing the features, level of performace, and reliability that aviation users require. The Precedus does indeed set a precedent that will be the standard that all other navigation instruments will be compared to. You can be confident in knowing that you are the owner of the state-of-the-art in handheld navigation.
About This Manual Please take a few moments to review the various sections of this manual. Even if you are an experienced user of GPS navigation, be sure to read the Introduction to Precedus and Getting Started the First Time. These two sections provide the rules for successful use of the Precedus. The rest of the manual contains important information that you can refer to as you need more detail on specific procedures or features.
Table of Contents Introduction to GPS Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 GPS Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 GPS System Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Operation Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Controls . .
Information About Other Waypoints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Information About Nearest Waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Scanning Waypoints for Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Navigating Multiple Flight Plans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Creating a Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Changing a Route Waypoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Available Waypoint Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 ARPT Waypoint Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Tutorial. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Starting the Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Preparing for the Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Originating the Trip . . . . . . . . .
History of Revisions July 1995 August 1995 April 1996 software) February 1997 software) Original Release Revision 01 Revision 02 (Version 5.0 Revision 04 (Version 5/6.1 Ordering Information To receive additional copies of this Precedus GPS User’s Guide, order part #560-0110-04. The Precedus Quick Reference Guide is part #560-0115-01.
Introduction to GPS Navigation Introduction to GPS Navigation GPS The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a constellation of Overview 24 satellites in six orbit lanes 10,898 nautical miles above the earth at an inclination angle of about 55 degrees from the equator. Each satellite orbits the earth twice in 24 hours. The GPS was developed and the satellites launched by the U.S. Department of Defense with the original intent of supplying highly accurate position fix information for military applications.
Introduction to GPS Navigation unit can calculate latitude and longitude (usually abbreviated Lat/Lon); with four or more satellites, GPS altitude can also be calculated. GPS The GPS allows a high degree of position fix accuracy. The System system can produce a position fix accurate to within less Accuracy than one meter. Due to concern for national security, the U.S. Department of Defense introduces constant errors to the transmitted satellite data to degrade the accuracy of the system.
Operation Basics Operation Basics This section introduces you to the Precedus and describes its controls and operating functions. Controls Menu/Pwr This button turns the unit ON and OFF, and also allows you to select features from the Main Menu. Turn the unit ON by pressing the button once. Turn the power OFF by pressing the button and holding it down for two seconds. Press while viewing the Main Menu to adjust the display backlight. Enter Press the information.
Operation Basics GOTO and The GOTO and Nearest functions operate together. Press this Nearest button once for the GOTO function or twice for the Nearest Waypoint function. Use the GOTO function to assign a destination waypoint from the Precedus‘s built-in database or one that you personally create. The Nearest function, always available when you use the GOTO function, provides a list of 30 waypoints of each type nearest to your present position.
Operation Basics Display The display shows information for each operating function. Information Information typically includes navigation progress, waypoint information, satellite tracking status, menu options and selections. Helpful The Precedus shows you what to do for most functions. Instructions Helpful instructions will appear in a “pop-up” box on the on the display and advises you on which button to press for options.
Operation Basics Display Information you view on the display while using the Screens Precedus shows one page or “screen” at a time. Many of the operating functions can show more than one screen of information. When more than one screen of information is available, either the vertical arrow symbol or an instruction line shows on the display to inform you that more information awaits your view.
Edit up to four preflight checklists Messages GPS Status Route Serial I/O Nav Pages Date/Time Database Winds Aloft Fuel Plan 7 GPS Version DB Memory Usage Software Version Density Alt.
Operation Basics Main Menu The Main Menu function contains options that control many ways the Precedus operates and lets you customize the navigation function to suit your preference. Press the button to display the main menu. Highlight the selection from the list by pressing the or buttons. Press to go to the selected function. The main menu contains these options: • Return to Nav Returns the unit from the menu to the navigation function.
Operation Basics • Screen/Light Control settings for display backlight and contrast, status light programming, and power light programming. • Time and Place Contains seed position and current time settings including UTC differential. • System Setup Controls operation mode, power saver option, either of the two serial ports for interface with external devices, and the number of NAV pages shown.
10 Nav Info 1 Route Nav Info & Moving Map Moving Map GPS Status Nav Info 2 Messages Nav Info 3 NAV Function Summary HSI Display Nav Info 4 Operation Basics
First Time Use Getting Started the First Time This section explains how to get started using the Precedus. Information in this section explains how to startup the unit, check signals from the GPS satellites, enter a seed position, assign a destination waypoint, and detach your antenna. This section shows you how to start the Precedus and check for proper operation. It is necessary to enter a seed position and the current time the first time you turn the unit on.
First Time Use Entering a Seed Position 1. Press to reach the main menu. Press the or button to highlight the “Time & Place” function. Press to go to the “Time and Place” function. 2. Set the latitude and longitude coordinates near to your current position. Use the buttons to change values. The buttons move the highlight on the screen to select the next value to change. 3. Set the current date. Use the buttons to change values.
First Time Use 4. Set local time. (Or enter UTC time and skip step 5 below.) Use the arrow buttons to select and set local time (LOC). Press to save the information. You may also enter current UTC time and skip entry of UTC differential in step 5. It is not necessary to enter seconds - they cannot be set. 5. Set the difference between local time and UTC time. Press to save the information. Use the illustration on the next page to determine the UTC differential for your area.
First Time Use 6. Press once again. The values you set are now entered into memory and the main menu will be displayed. The unit shows the GPS signal strength screen in the Navigation function. Checking GPS Signal Strength While the Precedus acquires signal information from satellites, the bars representing signal strength show grey in color. This process takes place quickly. When the unit has acquired a signal and begins tracking a satellite, the bar will change to black.
First Time Use Checking Press the Each visible satellites. Satellite buttons to view information about the Important! The GPS antenna must be able to “see” each satellite it is tracking. If a satellite is “shaded” by the wing or fuselage during a turn, it may temporarily lose track of that satellite. If this happens, or if the geometry of the satellites available is poor, the unit may temporarily calculate a “2D Fix” and altitude information will not be available.
First Time Use Entering a With a seed position and the current time and date set, the Destination Precedus is ready to begin navigating a trip. Prepare for trip Waypoint navigation by entering a destination waypoint. 1. Press the button. The GOTO Nearest Waypoint function screen is displayed with the distance and bearing from your present position to the indicated waypoint. 2. Select a destination waypoint. Use the buttons to change the highlighted character in the waypoint identifier.
First Time Use Hint For airport waypoints, press the buttons to move the highlight on the screen down to the second line containing the city name. You can select characters in this line, too. The buttons scroll through waypoint names that most closely match the characters you select. 3. You can also scroll through each waypoint in the database. With the highlight over the first character of either the waypoint identifier OR city name, press the button once.
First Time Use External The built-in regular antenna for the Precedus may be removed Antenna and used as an external antenna. A dummy antenna is inserted into the Precedus to replace the built-in antenna. A six-foot cable is provided to connect to the regular antenna. 1. Detach the built-in antenna by sliding it to the right and pulling it away from the Precedus. 2. Replace the built-in antenna with the dummy antenna, the one with the cable attached to it. 3.
Navigation Basics Navigation Basics This section explores the navigation function and describes the powerful features it contains. When you become comfortable operating the unit, you may wish to “fly” the Precedus using the built-in simulator. Follow the instructions in the Tutorial section. About the The navigation function is always active.
Navigation Basics GPS Status The GPS Status screen contains information about signals received from visible satellites in the sky.
Navigation Basics Custom You can customize the Navigation Information pages by Navigation selecting the information shown in each of the windows. Screens 1. In the Navigation function, press and hold the button to highlight the top information window. 2. Press the buttons to move the highlight to the desired window. 3. Press the buttons to choose the desired navigation information. There are thirty-four different navigation information choices available. 4.
Navigation Basics Navigation Information Choices 22
Navigation Basics Moving Map Screen The following information shows in highlighted boxes at each corner of the display: • • • • The destination waypoint Bearing to the destination waypoint Map scale Range to the destination waypoint The moving map screens represent graphic views of your navigation progress. Your present position is indicated by the airplane symbol near the center of the display. Note that the display orientation may be changed so that the top of the may be North, Desired Track, or Track.
Navigation Basics “Pan” selected, press to start the Pan feature. Move the crosshair with the arrow keys. When the crosshair touches the edge of the map, the map will redraw to continue panning in the desired direction. GOTO a Waypoint in Pan Mode Move the cross hair with the arrow keys. When the crosshair touches the symbol that marks a waypoint and the waypoint name is reversed, press to view information about the waypoint. Press to set the highlighted waypoint as the destination waypoint.
Navigation Basics Zooming In While using the Panning feature, you can change the or Out viewing scale of the map While using the Panning feature press to display the Pan Zoom options. Press the or buttons to select “Quit,” “Zoom,” or “Pan.” With Zoom highlighted, press to start the Zoom feature. Press the or select the Zoom scale.
Navigation Basics Auto Zoom The auto zoom feature changes the moving map scale automatically, adjusting the map scale to zoom in closer and closer as you near the destination waypoint. This feature adjusts the map scale to zoom out as your distance from a waypoint of origin increases. Enable Auto Zoom by pressing the buttons until “AUTO” shows as the map scale. Using auto zoom frees you from manually adjusting the map scale as you view the moving map screens.
Navigation Basics The Route The Precedus can store up to 20 reversible trip plans or Screen “routes” in memory. Each route can consist of up to 30 waypoints using either those you create or those from the built-in waypoint database. The route screen shows the status (ON or OFF) and up to four waypoints of each route, as well as the desired track and distance between consecutive waypoints. Only one route may be active, or ON, at any time while you navigate.
Navigation Basics You can also return to the navigation function without assigning a new destination waypoint from the list by pressing the button. Important You can control the types of waypoints that show on the display as the result of a search for nearest waypoints. The “MAP SETUP” menu function allows you to choose whether or not to display airports, VORs, NDBs, and intersections as searched waypoints and on the moving map screens.
Navigation Basics If you want a different location for your new waypoint, use the buttons to move the highlight and the buttons to change the waypoint Lat/Lon or radial and distance coordinates . When you are finished, press to enter the new waypoint into memory. You can also create new waypoints in the Pan mode as detailed on page 24. You can always edit or delete waypoints you have created. The menu function “User Waypoint Management” function allows you to perform these tasks.
Navigation Basics Information You can also get information about any other waypoint in About Othermemory by using the GOTO function together with the Waypoints waypoint information function. Press the button as if you were assigning a destination waypoint. Use the buttons to select the waypoint name. When the desired waypoint name shows on the display, press the button to get information about the waypoint. Press the button again to return to the previous page.
Navigation Basics Navigating The ability of the Precedus to store multiple leg flight plans is Multiple very useful. Once you set up a route, you can navigate the plan Flight Plans in forward or reverse. You can also edit a route you have created, or select any waypoint from a route and navigate directly to it, skipping other waypoints and legs of the trip. You can select waypoints by type, identifier, or name. Creating a Route Select “EDIT” from the route screen to begin creating route number 01.
Navigation Basics When you finish inserting waypoints into the route, select “DONE” with the buttons and press the button then in the same way select “QUIT” to complete route editing. Remember, you can always change, add, or delete route waypoints later. When you finish with the first route, you can immediately create another. The screen shows route 02, empty and ready for insertion of waypoints. To create a new route, select “EDIT” and proceed as with creation of route 01.
Navigation Basics Each time a change is made, “DONE” is highlighted. When waypoints are changed as desired, press to complete route editing. Adding a You can add waypoints to any route. Add waypoints to a Route route by inserting them into the route at the proper location. Waypoint Select the route from the route screen that you want to insert waypoints. Then, select “EDIT” as if creating a route. Press the button to move the cursor arrow to the waypoint where you wish to insert the new waypoint.
Navigation Basics Deleting To delete waypoints from a route, scroll through the route Route screen pages to select the route that you wish to delete Waypoints waypoints. Then, select “EDIT” as if creating a route. Use the buttons to move the marker arrow to the waypoint you wish to delete. Select “DELETE” to delete the waypoint from the route and press the button. When desired waypoints are deleted from the route, select “QUIT” with the buttons and press to complete route editing.
Navigation Basics Only one route can be “started” or active at any time. You can navigate the route in either direction, depending on your present position. If your present position is at the last waypoint in the route, you could use this last waypoint as the point of origin by selecting “REVERSE.” After a route is started (route “ON”), you can view other routes or edit them.
Navigation Basics Resuming a Route Select “START,” press and then select “RESUME” with the buttons and press to resume a route on hold. Route While navigating a route, you may wish to bypass one or “Direct To” more waypoints and proceed directly to a destination waypoint. The route “Direct To” feature allows you to do this. Select the active route from the route menu. Then, select “EDIT” with the buttons and press . Press the buttons to move the marker arrow to the waypoint you want to navigate to.
Navigation Basics Creating an The Precedus allows you to setup an approach route using Approach the established approach waypoints. Route 1. Select “EDIT” from the Route Options with the buttons and press . Then, select “INS” and press . 2. Use the arrow buttons to select the desired airport designator and then press . 3. For the next waypoint on the route, select “APP” from the Route Options with the buttons. Press .
Navigation Basics 4. Select the desired approach waypoint group with the buttons and then press to insert the approach route. 5. Select “QUIT” with the buttons and press . The approach route is now set. The route will show the bearing and distance between each waypoint. 6. When you are ready to navigate your approach route, select “START” with the buttons and press . Select “NORMAL” and press to activate your route. Note The Approach Monitor feature is for pilot information only.
Function Reference Function Reference This section provides detailed information on the functions you can select from the Main Menu. The Main Menu gives you access to functions that modify the operation of your Precedus and the way navigation information is displayed. The menu options allow you to customize the to best suit your navigation requirements. A list of menu option default settings (those in effect when the unit is first switched on) for each option is included at the back of this section.
Function Reference • • • • • The Main Menu Screen/Light - (Page 57) Control settings for display backlight and contrast, status light programming, and power light programming. Time and Place - (Page 58) Contains seed position and current time settings including UTC differential. System Setup - (Page 58) Controls operation mode, either of the two serial ports for interface with external devices, and the number of NAV pages shown.
E6B Functions General Info Main Menu System Setup Return To Nav Time & Place Pilot Checklist Screen/ Light Map Setup Track History Alerts Main Menu Function Summary User Wpt Mgmt Display Units Timers Function Reference 41
Function Reference Pilot The preflight checkout is one of the most important parts of Checklist your flight. To help with your workload and increase your safety, the Precedus includes a menu item to store up to four Pilot Checklists. There is a predefined list of items that you can select for viewing on each checklist. Highlight “PILOT CHECKLIST” in the Main Menu and press . Use the or buttons to select the desired Checklist (1 to 4).
Function Reference Now, for the next item. With “INS” highlighted, press . Select the desired item with the or buttons and press . Continue until you are finished selecting items and then use the or buttons to highlight “QU” (Quit) and press . Edit an Existing Checklist While viewing the desired Checklist, press the or buttons to move the highlight to the item on the checklist. With the or buttons, move the highlight to “INS,” “DEL” (Delete), or “CH” (Change) and press .
Function Reference Pilot The following list shows the options available for you to Checklist select from for the Pilot Checklist function Options 1. Activate Flightplan 2. Alternate Air Check 3. Alternators Check 4. Alternators On 5. Alternators Off 6. Altimeter Setting 7. Avionics 8. Avionics Master On 9. Avionics Master Off 10. Carb Heat Check 11. Canopy Closed 12. Circuit Breakers 13. Compass 14. Compass System Free 15. Compass System Slave 16. Contact Approach 17. Contact Clearance Delivery 18.
Function Reference Map Setups This option controls the type of waypoints that show on the moving map screens, the size of the text, whether or not a Route Path or Airspaces are shown, and the orientation of the moving map. The pages available in Map Setup include Misc Setup, Aviation Wpts, Airspaces, Road Data, City Wpts, and User Wpts. Misc Setup Highlight “MAP SETUP” in the Main Menu and press . Use the buttons to select the desired Map Setup page.
Function Reference Aviation Waypoints Press to highlight “Ident Zoom Limit.” Press or to select the distance from your position that waypoint identifiers will be displayed. Set the units (nm, mi, or km) in the DISPLAY UNITS menu item in the Main Menu. Press to highlight “All Wpts.” Press or to select “ON” or “OFF.” With this option you choose to display Aviation waypoints on the moving maps. Press to highlight the waypoint type Zoom distance. Waypoint types are Airport, VOR, Intersection, and NDB.
Function Reference the unit of measure you choose using the “DISPLAY UNITS” setting described later in this section. Press to highlight the Time Buffer value. Press or to select the value. The Time Buffer contains the travel time (based upon current track and speed) from the airspace border where you will be alerted. ATC Ring Press to save the selected choices When ATC Ring is set to ON, a ring five nautical miles in radius is drawn around any airport that has a control tower frequency.
Function Reference Road Data The Road database allows you to show interstate, U.S., and state highways on the map pages of your Precedus. All Roads - Choose ON or OFF. Choose ON to display roads and road names on the map pages. Choose OFF to not display road information. Zoom - Choose the distance from your position that a particular road type will be shown. If you choose OFF, that particular road type will not be shown on the map pages. Idents - Choose ON or OFF.
Function Reference not show the city name; a “+” will still show the location. SMALL, MEDIUM and LARGE determine type size for the city name. Press Press choice. Alerts to highlight the desired item. or to select the desired Press to save the selected choices. This option controls whether or not and when the Precedus should alert you if you approach special use airspace or arrival at a destination. You can also set up your CDI resolution or Parallel Track distance, as well as alerts for these features.
Function Reference Press or to highlight the number value for CDI. Press or to select the distance off your course where the Precedus alerts you. The number you select is the distance from the center to the left or right side of the CDI scale in the NAV function. Press to highlight the ON/OFF option. Press or to select “YES” or “NO.
Function Reference In the Main Menu press, or to highlight “DISPLAY UNITS” and press . Press or to select the Distance unit type. Press the button to highlight the Altitude value and then press or to select the desired type. Press the button to highlight Lat/Lon and then press or select the desired type. to Press the button to highlight Mag Var and then press or to select Automatic, Manual, or True North. If you selected Manual, press the button to highlight the degrees value.
Function Reference Press the then press button to highlight the Map Datum Type and or to select the desired Map Datum. The following list shows the GPS map datums contained within the Precedus. Each map datum represents a mathematical model of the earth used for the purpose of establishing precision in charting various areas of the earth. Since each datum relies on a different mathematical model, inconsistencies exist in defining the location of charted points between datums.
Function Reference Datum Name Ellipsoid (Model) European 1950 Sicily European 1979 Gandajika Base Geodetic Datum 1949 Hjorsey 1955 Indian (Thailand/Vietnam) Indian (Bangladesh/India/Nepal) Ireland 1965 Kertau 1948 Liberia 1964 Luzon Massawa Merchich Minna Nahrwan North American 1927 Conus North American 1927 Alaska North American 1927 Canada North American 1927 Cntrl. Amer.
Function Reference Timers The Precedus includes timers for countdown and flight time. Use this option to count elapsed time for as long as 60 minutes.The timers can run “in the background” while you navigate and will not interfere with unit operation. In the Main Menu, press or highlight “TIMERS” and press to . Press or to highlight the Countdown time value. Press or to select the desired time. Press to highlight “START?” and press to begin countdown from the total time shown.
Function Reference User This option allows you to edit or delete waypoints you have Waypoint created (user waypoints). Management To edit a waypoint, press the buttons to highlight the desired waypoint. Press the button to select “EDIT” and then press . Move the highlight to the desired character with the buttons. Change the values with the buttons. When you finish making changes, press to save the changes in memory.
Function Reference When track history is “ON,” points are stored in memory. Your track history displays on the moving map screens as a series of dots showing your flight path. Each dot indicates a stored point. When track history is “OFF,” no track points are stored or shown on the moving map screens. Now press to reach “KEEP HISTORY.” Press or to choose the storage strategy.
Function Reference Screen/ This function controls the backlight, Status Light, Power Light Light, and display contrast. 1. In the Screen/Light function, press the buttons to select a Backlight intensity level of OFF, LOW, MED, or HIGH. A light bulb icon will appear at the bottom of the display when the backlight is turned on. 2. Press to reach the STATUS LIGHT selection. The selected choice gives the conditions when the status light on the front of the Precedus will light.
Function Reference • • • OFF - Power light will stay off On When Ext - Power light will turn on when external power is supplied Flash/Charge - Power light will flash when the battery is charging Press to reach the “CONTRAST” selection. Adjust the display contrast by pressing the buttons. As you make adjustments, the horizontal bar shows the current contrast level. “ - ” indicates lower contrast, while “ + ” indicates higher contrast.
Function Reference • • • • • • Aviation Hiking Land Mobile Marine Survey Simulator Each mode is optimized for the given activity. Generally you will use either the “AVIATION” or “SIMULATOR” operation mode. Select “SIMULATOR” only when you wish to use the built-in simulator to practice navigating with the unit. In the Main Menu press, or to highlight “SYSTEM SETUP” and press . Press the buttons to select the desired USAGE.
Function Reference • • Send serial data matching the NMEA formats to any serial device in the cockpit capable of accepting it Disable the serial data port *See your II Morrow dealer or contact the factory for information about the optional Precedus/PC Interface Kit. Consult kit documentation for instructions on proper serial port settings. Press to highlight the “SERIAL I/O” function. Press the buttons to select your choice.
Function Reference NAV Function Summary Nav Info & Moving Map Nav Info 1 Nav Info 2 Nav Info 3 Nav Info 4 Moving Map Route GPS Status Messages HSI Display General The General Info function tells you about the Databases that Info you have stored in the Precedus and other system information. In General Info, press or to access the available pages. Databases The Databases page shows the databases currently available in your Precedus and their date.
Function Reference System Info The System Info page shows your Precedus software version and date, database type, amount of memory in the database, and the GPS version. This information is for reference only and should be used whenever you contact a factory service representative. You cannot change any information on this page. E6B Perform calculations of important information related to wind, Functions temperature, and barometric pressure.
Function Reference True Air Speed Highlight Indicated Altitude value (IALT) using , change the value using or . Use the altitude indicated on your aircraft instruments. Change the units (feet or meters) in the DISPLAY UNITS menu. Highlight the Barometer (BARO) value using , change the value using or . Highlight the symbol to the right of the value and use to select either inches (“) or millibars (mb). Highlight the Total Outside Temperature (TOT) value using , change the value using or .
Function Reference The Wind Direction and Speed is shown on the top line of this box. The Head Wind component describes the amount of wind directly affecting your forward progress. Highlight the Flow/Hr value using . Fuel Flow Change the displayed value using or . Press the key once for each increment of the tenths value. Hold the key to change the whole number value. Values entered here will be used on the fuel flow screens in NAV mode.
Function Reference Option Track History Arrival Alerts Airspace Alerts CDI Scale Magnetic Variation Countdown Time Display Units Serial Outputs User Waypoint Management System Info Description Default Track History: Strategy: Save By: Interval: Used: Clear? Alert Message: Distance: Alert Message Dist. Buffer: Time Buffer: Alert Message: CDI Scale: Option: Setting: Total Time: ON FOREVER DIST - TIME .1 - .50 - 10 nm 0 -100% NO YES .1 - 1 - 9.9 nm YES 0 - 2 - 100 nm 0 - 10 - 20 min NO .1 - 1- 9.
Waypoint Database Waypoint Database Database The Precedus provides an extensive built-in database of Structure waypoint information to aid the navigator. Waypoints in the database are divided into 5 categories. This structure allows you to easily select a waypoint as a destination, search for waypoint information, search for nearest waypoints, or display waypoints on moving map screens.
Waypoint Database • • • • • • Bearing and distance from present position Operating frequency Lat/Lon coordinates DME available Class (high/low/terminal) Weather broadcasts NDB Waypoint Information • Bearing and distance from present position • Operating frequency • Lat/Lon coordinates • DME available • Class (high/low/terminal) 67
Waypoint Database INT Waypoint Information • Country • Bearing and distance from present position • Bearing from present position • Lat/lon coordinates USER Waypoint Information Bearing and distance from present position Distance from present position Lat/Lon coordinates • • • 68
Tutorial Tutorial This section gives a tutorial on using the built-in simulator to practice “flying” the Precedus. Use this tutorial at your own pace to become familiar with using the unit. During the tutorial, you will use many of the Precedus‘s features as you would during an actual trip. All operating functions are available while you use the simulator. Each will work the same way when you actually navigate later.
Tutorial Starting the Simulator 1. Press 2. Press the main menu. to turn on the Precedus. key again to reach the 3. Press the buttons to select “SYSTEM SETUP.” Press to select the option. 4. Press the Simulator mode. buttons to select 5. To set your Ground Speed, press the buttons to highlight the Ground Speed value and change it with the buttons. Press to save your settings and continue. 6.
Tutorial Preparing Before you navigate a trip, determine whether you will fly for the direct to a waypoint, or navigate a route of several Trip waypoints. This tutorial presents instructions to set up either kind of trip. It may be helpful to first navigate direct to a destination before setting up a route to travel. Originating The Precedus‘s simulator uses your present position as the the Trip point of origin for the trip unless you have already used the unit to navigate a route.
Tutorial Navigating the Trip Looking Around In the Navigation function, your track shows directly on course with no deviation from the bearing to the destination. The Lat/Lon coordinates change to reflect your present position to the nearest hundredth of a minute. The bearing/distance/ground speed show your selected ground speed and estimated time enroute on the trip. Note No GPS altitude value shows on the display when you are in Simulator mode.
Tutorial Getting Waypoint Information While you are enroute, you may want to get information about your destination waypoint. You can check for fuel availability, runway lengths and surface, communication frequencies, and more. With the moving map screen displayed, press the button to get information about the destination waypoint. Press the buttons to view additional pages of information. Press the button again to return to the moving map screen.
Tutorial Checking Alert Settings Hint You can get information about any waypoint in the Precedus’s built-in database. Follow the steps in “Assigning a Direct Waypoint” earlier. With the desired waypoint name showing on the display, press the button. Waypoint information shows on the screen, without the waypoint being assigned as a destination. Press again to return to the previous function. Looking ahead at the destination, the screen shows an airspace around it.
Tutorial Select the AIRSPACE ALERTS function on the Main Menu. The “AIRSPACES” choice should be set to “ON.” The Precedus can also alert you with a message on the display as you approach your destination. Set the WPT ARRIVAL selection to “ON.” Set the distance from the destination where you wish to be alerted. Approaching the Destination Select the Airspaces screen under the MAP SETUP function on the Main Menu.
Tutorial Scroll through the navigation screens to check your progress and decreasing range to the destination. When you are within several miles of the destination, adjust your ground speed to slow your rate of travel to approximately 30 knots. See “Setting the Ground Speed” earlier in this tutorial. Use the moving map screen to view your arrival at the destination. Set the map scale to auto zoom. At this slower rate of travel, you can clearly see the approaching destination.
Tutorial 2. Use the buttons to select “INSERT” to begin inserting waypoints. Press . You can select waypoints to insert based on type, identifier, or name. 3. The arrow cursor points to the first line in the route for the first waypoint. Press the buttons to choose the waypoint type (ARPT, VOR, NDB, INT, or User) and then the first character of the waypoint. Press the buttons to select the desired character. 4. Press the buttons to move the highlight to the next character of the name.
Tutorial arrow symbol appears to the left of the waypoint name. Starting a Route 5. Press to insert the waypoint in the route. The waypoint is inserted and the arrow cursor points to the second line in the route. Repeat steps 2 through 4 above to enter additional waypoints. When you finish inserting waypoints in the route, select “QUIT” with the buttons and press . The route is ready to navigate once it is started.
Tutorial Navigating a Set the ground speed to a realistic rate of travel. During route Route navigation, the arrow marker on the route screen points to the current “TO” waypoint. Scroll through the navigation screens to check your progress on the route. As you approach the first destination waypoint, the arrival alert screen shows on the display to indicate your proximity to the waypoint. When you arrive at the first waypoint, the simulator changes course automatically to begin the second leg of the trip.
Tutorial Track History The Precedus can store a record of your trip navigation progress in memory. The record consists of a series of track points, each containing your position at the time the point was stored. You can store up to 2,000 track points. Track point storage can be activated or deactivated any time you navigate. Track History cannot be viewed with the Precedus. you will need to use the Waypoint Manager software; contact the factory Technical Service Department. 1.
Tutorial 5. Select a storage interval for the method you selected. If you selected Distance, the “INTERVAL” will be in nm, sm, or km. If you selected Time, the “INTERVAL” will be in hours and minutes. With the track point history screen items properly set, press to begin recording. Note After you begin recording track points and go about navigating, you can always refer to the Track Point History screen to check how much memory space has been used.
Tutorial Navigating The Precedus can help you select and navigate to waypoints to a near your present position. This feature could be valuable if Nearest Waypoint you had to land the aircraft quickly. For the purpose of this tutorial, imagine that the weather conditions were becoming worse and you wish to land immediately. 1. Press twice to display up to 30 closest waypoints around you. 2. Press the button to move down the list to select a waypoint.
Tutorial Conclusion This tutorial has explored many of the Precedus‘s features. If you feel comfortable using the unit, switch it off and then back on to cancel the simulator. The unit is ready for actual navigation. If you need more time to become comfortable operating the Precedus, repeat this tutorial. Navigate to different destinations, add new routes, and take your time exploring the way the unit works.
Troubleshooting Troubleshooting This section contains information to troubleshoot the Precedus when improper operation is observed. The following table lists possible problems you could encounter while operating the unit. Examine the possible causes of the problem and take the action listed to correct the trouble. If you cannot correct the problem, contact your dealer. If your dealer is unavailable, contact the II Morrow factory at the address and phone number listed.
Troubleshooting Problem Unit does not power on No GPS signal reception Possible Cause If using battery: Dead battery If using AC power supply: bad power supply Obstructed signal path Incorrect seed position, time, or UTC differential entered Unit in simulator mode Display too dark or too light — characters hard to see Search for nearest waypoints reveals too few or wrong types of waypoints If using an external antenna: faulty external antenna, wiring, or connections Change in viewing angle or ambient
Troubleshooting 86 Problem Possible Cause Action Wrong types of waypoints show on moving map screens Incorrect selection of waypoint types to show on moving map screens Position fix seems inaccurate Incorrect Map Datum selected Wrong bearing and track values Incorrect magnetic variation entered Airspace boundaries missing from moving map Line representing route path on moving map is missing Airspace display on moving map screens set to “OFF” Route path display on moving map screens is set to “OF
Glossary of Navigation Terms Glossary of Navigation Terms A Altitude (GPS ALT): Altitude, as calculated by the Precedus, based upon a mathematical model of the earth’s surface curvature. A substantial difference between this altitude value and altitude referenced to sea level may exist. Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS): Recorded information about weather and other conditions at an airport, periodically updated when conditions change.
Glossary of Navigation Terms Desired Track (DTK): The desired course of navigation between a point of origin and a destination waypoint. Dilution of Precision (DOP): A merit value for the calculated position based on the geometrical configuration of the satellites used; 3 is considered good, greater than 7 is considered poor. Also called Precision Dilution of Precision or PDOP. Distance: A measure of interval in space. Also referred to as range.
Glossary of Navigation Terms Intersection (INT): A point defined by any combination of courses, radials, or bearings of two or more navigational aids. K Knot (kt): A unit of speed equal to one nautical mile per hour. L Latitude (Lat): Any line circling the earth parallel to the equator, measured in degrees, minutes, and seconds north and south of the equator.
Glossary of Navigation Terms Non-Directional Beacon (NDB): A low frequency/medium frequency navigation aid sending non-directional signals that can be used for navigation. R Radial: Any of the 360 magnetic courses from a VOR or similar navigational aid, beginning at the navigational aid and proceeding outward in a straight line. Range (RNG): The distance from the present position to a destination waypoint. S Second: 1/60th of a minute of a degree.
Display Care and Cleaning may provide such airport information as active runway, wind direction and velocity and other conditions of importance to pilots. Universal Coordinated Time (UTC): Greenwich Mean Time, or the time at the Prime Meridian in Greenwich, England. Also referred to as Zulu time. UTC Differential: The difference in time between that at the present position and UTC.
Battery Care Note Use a clean fabric with each cleaning method to avoid other contaminates. Do not use paper products. Battery Care Charging The Precedus comes with a high quality rechargeable NiCd the Battery battery. This battery is not charged and needs to be charged two to three times to reach full capacity before its first use. A built-in battery charger will charge the battery when the unit is connected to external power.
Index A Airport. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Airspace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74, 86 Alert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49, 65, 75 Distance Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Time Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Airspaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 Alert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 CDI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Parallel Track. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Waypoint Arrival. . . . . . . . . . . 49 Alerts. . . .
Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 15, 20 Version. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 H HSI Display. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 I Identifier Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 II Morrow Inc.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Info . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Intersection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 L Local Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13, 58 M Magnetic Variation . . . . . . . 50, 65, 86 Display Units . . . . . . . . . . .
Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Starting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Stop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 S Screen/Light5, 9, 40, 57 Backlight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Contrast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Power Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Status Ligh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . t57 Seed Position . . . . . . . . . 9, 11 - 12, 58 Serial Data Port. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Precedus Features • User adjustable character size on the Moving Map • Customizable Navigation pages • Extensive built-in database including: Public-Use airports, VORs, NDBs, Intersections, runway diagrams, waypoint information, and U.S./Canada GPS overlay approach waypoints Segmented special use airspace (U.S. Class B and C; MOAs; Restricted, Prohibited, Warning, Alert, Caution, Danger, and Training area; International Class B and D, CTAs and TMAs.
© 1997 by II Morrow Inc. 2345 Turner Road S.E. U.S.A. Phone (503) 581-8101 1-800-525-6726 In Canada 1-800-654-3415 FAX (503) 364-2138 Part #560-0110-04 Rev.
