FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual Supplement

190-00682-02 Rev. E Hawker Beechcraft C90A, C90GT and C90GTi King Air
Page 107 of 124
ELECTRONIC STABILITY & PROTECTION (ESP)
Electronic Stability and Protection (ESP) is an optional function on a GFC-700-equipped airplane that
uses the autopilot servos to assist the pilot in maintaining the airplane in a safe flight condition within the
aircraft’s normal pitch, roll and airspeed envelopes.
Electronic Stability and Protection is invoked when the pilot allows the airplane to exceed one or more
conditions beyond normal flight defined below:
• Pitch attitude beyond normal flight (+17°, -15°)
• Roll attitude beyond normal flight (45°)
• High airspeed beyond normal flight (Above 229 KIAS or .47M)
The conditions that are required for ESP to be available are:
• Pitch and Roll servos available
• Autopilot not engaged
• The Global Positioning System (GPS) altitude above ground (based on TAWS terrain data base)
is more than 200 feet
• Aircraft is within the autopilot engagement envelope (+/-50° in pitch and +/-75° in roll)
Protection for excessive pitch, roll, and high airspeed is provided when the limit thresholds are first
exceeded, which engages the appropriate servo in ESP mode at a nominal torque level to bring the
airplane back within the normal flight envelope. If the airplane deviates further from the normal flight
envelope, the servo torque will increase until the maximum torque level is reached in an attempt to return
the aircraft into the normal flight envelope. Once the aircraft returns to within the normal flight envelope,
ESP will deactivate the autopilot servos.
When the normal flight envelope thresholds have been exceeded for more than 10 seconds, ESP
Autolevel Mode is activated. Autolevel Mode engages the AFCS to bring the airplane back into straight
and level flight based on 0° roll angle and 0 fpm vertical speed. An aural “ENGAGING AUTOPILOT”
alert sounds and the Flight Director mode annunciation will indicate LVL for the pitch and roll modes.
Anytime an ESP mode is active, the pilot can interrupt ESP by using either the Control Wheel Steering
(CWS) or Autopilot Disconnect (AP DISC) switch. ESP may also be overridden by simply overpowering
the flight controls. The pilot may also disable ESP by accessing the Multi-Function Display (MFD) AUX –
SYSTEM SETUP 2 page on the MFD and manually disabling ESP. Once the flight has ended and
power is removed from the G1000 system, ESP will default to “Enabled” on the next power-up.
GDU displayed in the examples are to provide position reference for the ESP system symbology. The
values indicated are not representative of a condition required to activate ESP.
• When the GDU receives information from the GIA indicating that ESP is not armed, the GDU will
not display ESP indications.
• When the GDU receives information from the GIA indicating that ESP is armed, the GDU will
display the ESP roll limit indices.
The engagement and disengagement attitude limits are displayed with double hash marks on the roll
indicator depending on the aircraft attitude and whether or not ESP is active in roll. When ESP is
inactive (roll attitude within nominal limits) only the engagement limit indications are