gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 1 GPSMAP 195 Pilot’s Guide & Reference
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 2
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 1 INTRODUCTION FOREWORD This manual is written for Software Version 3.00 or above, and is not suitable for earlier software versions. Land Data Base Map Version 1.00 or above GARMIN International, Inc., 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, KS 66062 USA Tel: 913-397-8200 Fax: 913-397-8282 GARMIN (Europe) LTD, Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park, Romsey, Hampshire SO51 9AQ UK Tel: 011-44-1794-519944 Fax: 011-44-1794-519222 GARMIN (Asia) Corp., 3F, No.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 2 INTRODUCTION CAUTION The GPS system is operated by the United States government, which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Although the GARMIN GPSMAP 195 is a precision electronic NAVigation AID (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted and, therefore, become unsafe. Use the GPSMAP 195 at your own risk.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 3 INTRODUCTION LIMITED WARRANTY GARMIN Corporation warrants this product to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for one year from the date of purchase. GARMIN will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components which fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor. The customer is, however, responsible for any transportation costs.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 4 INTRODUCTION CAPABILITIES Designed for detailed electronic charting and simple operation, the GARMIN GPSMAP 195 is a powerful navigation device that can help guide you during flights anywhere in the world: Precision Performance • High-contrast, four-level gray LCD screen • Twelve parallel channel receiver tracks and uses up to 12 satellites simultaneously for fast, accurate positioning • Differential-ready— just add an optional differential beacon receiver (such as
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 5 INTRODUCTION PACKING LIST Before you get started, please check to see that your GPSMAP 195 package includes the following items. If any parts are missing, contact your GARMIN dealer immediately.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 6 INTRODUCTION PREFACE Congratulations on choosing one of the most advanced aircraft navigation systems available today! The GARMIN GPSMAP 195 combines the proven performance of GARMIN’s twelve parallel channel GPS receiver with detailed cartography for an unsurpassed moving map display wherever you fly. To get the most from your new GPSMAP 195, take the time to read through this owner’s manual and learn the operating procedures for your unit.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 7 INTRODUCTION TABLE OF CONTENTS Forward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Caution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Packing List . . . . . . . . . . . .
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 8 TAKEOFF TOUR THE GPSMAP 195 FEATURES TEXT FIELDS BUILT-IN ANTENNA EXTERNAL ANTENNA CONNECTOR ZOOM QUIT WPT MENU NRST EDIT ENTER KEYPAD DISPLAY SCREEN MAP DISPLAY GRAPHIC The information displayed on your GPSMAP 195’s screen is also referred to as a “page”. A page can include graphics, text or both. PAGE GOTO POWER/DATA CONNECTOR (Back Side) BATTERY PACK (Back Side) The GPSMAP 195 features a 10-key keypad and a 4-level gray scale LCD display.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 9 TAKEOFF TOUR KEYPAD USAGE P Turns the unit on and off and controls 3-level screen backlighting. J Scrolls the main pages in sequence and returns display from a submenu page to a main page. G Displays the GOTO waypoint page, allowing you to select the destination waypoint. N W A Displays a list of nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, or intersections, plus nearest FSS and center frequencies. Provides specialuse airspace detail during an airspace incursion.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 10 TAKEOFF TOUR USING MENUS Many features of the GPSMAP 195 are menu driven. This makes learning and using your new GPS receiver a simple process. Some pages can also be custom tailored to your preferences by changing the information and/or layout of the display. To reconfigure the page currently displayed: 1. Press O to view the options for that page. 2. Select the desired option using UP/DOWN arrows on the R keypad. 3. Press T to confirm your selection. 4.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 11 TAKEOFF TOUR USING MENUS (cont.) A main menu is provided to make changes to system settings. Selecting miles per hour instead of knots, using the built-in simulator mode, creating routes or performing E6-B calculations are all accomplished from the main menu. To view the main menu: 1. Press the O key twice. The rocker keypad is used to enter an airport identifier. To start, highlight the data entry field and press †.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 12 TAKEOFF TOUR ACQUIRING SATELLITE SIGNALS Because the GPSMAP 195 relies on satellite signals to provide you with navigation guidance, the receiver’s antenna needs to have an unobstructed, clear view of the sky for best performance. What exactly does this mean? In a nutshell, the antenna’s view of the sky will generally determine how fast you get a position fix, or if you get a fix at all.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 13 TAKEOFF TOUR INITIALIZING THE RECEIVER (cont.) The first time you power up your new GPSMAP 195 is an important step in getting the best possible GPS performance. The receiver must be given an opportunity to collect satellite data and establish its present position. To ensure proper initialization, the GPSMAP 195 is shipped from the factory in AutoLocate™ mode, which will allow the receiver to find itself anywhere in the world.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 14 TAKEOFF TOUR INITIALIZING THE RECEIVER (cont.) The GPSMAP 195 will now begin searching for the appropriate satellites at your present position and should acquire a fix within a minute or so. While the receiver searches for satellites, a flashing satellite icon will appear at the left-hand side of the status bar. A signal strength bar will also appear for each satellite received, with the appropriate satellite number under each bar.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 15 TAKEOFF TOUR TURNING THE GPSMAP 195 ON & OFF (cont.) The satellite status page will appear, and the receiver will begin to acquire satellites. Notice that when the GPSMAP 195 is properly initialized, the page sequence is shorter—the select initialization window no longer appears. The time to obtain a position fix is also much quicker. ADJUSTING CONTRAST/BACKLIGHTING From the satellite status page, you may quickly adjust the screen contrast.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 16 TAKEOFF TOUR SATELLITE STATUS PAGE (cont.) The satellite sky view and signal strength bars give you an indication of what satellites are visible to the receiver and whether they are being tracked. Satellites, numbered from 01 through 32, are placed on the page indicating their position in the sky. The signal strength bars indicate how strong the signal is from each satellite being tracked— the taller the bar, the stronger the signal.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 17 TAKEOFF TOUR POSITION PAGE Graphic Compass Data Fields Position Coordinates Time of Day Status Bar The GPSMAP 195’s position page shows where you are, what direction you’re heading and how fast you’re going. The compass at the top of the page indicates your current ground track (or direction of travel) while you’re moving.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 18 TAKEOFF TOUR MAP PAGE The next main page is the map page. To continue the Takeoff Tour, let’s select this screen now. To select the map page: 1. Press J or Q (repeatedly) until the map page appears. The GPSMAP 195’s map page combines digital charts with a userselectable display of navigation data and a built-in Jeppesen database. Before we take off on our practice flight, let’s take a brief look at its various features.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 19 TAKEOFF TOUR MAP PAGE (cont.) The built-in base map provides geographic detail at scales down to 1/10 nautical mile. The built-in basemap is designed for best performance at scales down to 20 nautical miles. Keep in mind that whenever you do exceed the usable range of the base map (or a mapping datacard) the range field will display ‘OVR ZM’ to indicate that you should exercise caution when using the cartographic data.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 20 TAKEOFF TOUR NEAREST WAYPOINTS PAGE Now that you have a feel for how the cursor works, it’s time to move on and see how the GPSMAP 195 would look in the air. To help you practice using the map page and other features, let’s use the GOTO function to fly to an airport stored in the receiver’s memory. From this, you’ll learn what to expect when you’re out flying with your new GPS receiver.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 21 TAKEOFF TOUR USING THE GOTO KEY GPS is all about using positions called waypoints and navigating to them using the receiver’s navigation guidance and map displays. Now that you’ve seen how the status page can be used to monitor satellite acquisition and the position and map pages can be used to observe your present position, it’s time to explore the navigation features of the GPSMAP 195— starting with the GOTO function.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 22 TAKEOFF TOUR HSI PAGE The next screen following the map page is the HSI (Horizontal Situation Indicator) page. To select the HSI page: 1. Press the J key (repeatedly, if necessary, until it appears). The HSI page is your primary navigation screen and graphically depicts desired track, ground track, crosstrack error (course deviation) and a TO/FROM indication. The HSI display also provides vertical guidance when using the unit’s vertical navigation features.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 23 TAKEOFF TOUR HSI PAGE (cont.) Off course to the Left Off course to the Right Notice that as you get off course, the compass card, desired track pointer and D-bar move to give you graphic guidance to get back on course. The compass card rotates to indicate your current ground track at the top of the page.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 24 TAKEOFF TOUR ACTIVE ROUTE PAGE Route # and Description Estimated Time of Arrival Current Destination Distance to Waypoint Destination Waypoint Name When using the © key, the active route page shows the destination waypoint name, distance from present position and estimated time of arrival. The last of the five main pages is the active route page.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 25 TAKEOFF TOUR AIRSPACE WARNINGS (cont.) When the airspace warning occurs the GPSMAP 195 will beep several times and ‘Message-Press Page’ will flash on the status bar at the bottom of the screen. To view the airspace message: 1. Press the J key. 2. Press J again to return to the map page. Additional information, including name, class, controlling agency and altitudes, is also available for each airspace you are alerted to.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 26 TAKEOFF TOUR MAIN MENU PAGE As you’ve seen, the GPSMAP 195’s main pages provide vital status, position, navigation and map information. The last page we’ll cover in the tour is the main menu page, which provides access to the GPSMAP 195’s route and planning functions, as well as various operation and navigation setup features. The main menu is available from any page, and is accessed through the O key. To access the main menu page: 1. Press the O key twice.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 27 REFERENCE WAYPOINT CATEGORIES W KEY The GPSMAP 195 uses an internal Jeppesen database to provide position and facility information for thousands of airports, VORs, NDBs and intersections. Each facility in the database is stored as a waypoint, with its own latitude/longitude, identifier (up to six letters and/or numbers) and other pertinent information. Up to 250 user waypoints and 250 symbol waypoints may also be created and stored in memory.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 28 REFERENCE W KEY VIEWING WAYPOINT INFORMATION To enter a waypoint identifier: 1. Use the R keypad to highlight the identifier field. 2. Press T. 3. Use the UP and DOWN arrows to spell out the desired identifier, using the RIGHT arrow to move to the next character position. 4.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 29 REFERENCE W KEY AIRPORT INFORMATION The GPSMAP 195 features four airport pages: • Airport location— allows entry of desired airport by identifier, facility name or city; displays latitude, longitude, elevation; and fuel availability. • Airport communication— allows entry of desired airport by identifier and displays radio frequencies/usage.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 30 REFERENCE W KEY AIRPORT INFORMATION (cont.) The GPSMAP 195’s airport location page displays the latitude, longitude and elevation of the selected airport, as well as fuel availability. From the airport location page, you can enter a desired airport by identifier, facility name or city as described on page 28.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 31 REFERENCE W KEY AIRPORT INFORMATION (cont.) When a frequency type is followed by a question mark (‘?’), restrictions apply to that frequency. Restrictions based on sector and/or altitude may apply. To view frequency restrictions: 1. Highlight the desired frequency type. 2. Press the T key. The frequency information page appears with additional detail about the selected frequency.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 32 REFERENCE W KEY AIRPORT INFORMATION (cont.) The runway page also allows you to zoom in, zoom out and pan the screen to see the level of detail you desire. For larger airports you may zoom out and/or pan around the runway area map to see additional detail. To zoom in or out on the runway page: 1. Press the UP arrow of the A key to zoom out. The higher scale setting will show a larger area, but in less detail. 2. Press the DOWN arrow of the A key to zoom in.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 33 REFERENCE AIRPORT INFORMATION (cont.) W KEY To view additional approaches: 1. Highlight the approach designation field. 2. Press the T key. 3. Use the R keypad to select the desired approach. 4. Press T to confirm the selection and display the approach data. The approach page also allows you to zoom in, zoom out and pan to see the level of detail you desire. For longer approach segments, you may wish to pan and zoom in to see the desired map detail.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 34 REFERENCE W KEY VOR INFORMATION (cont.) To view the map area around a designated VOR: 1. With the desired VOR selected, highlight ‘Show Map?’ at the bottom of the page and press T. A map appears showing the VOR location and surrounding area. 2. Zoom in or out to see the desired detail using the A key. 3. When finished, highlight ‘Location?’ and press T to return to the VOR page.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 35 REFERENCE W KEY INTERSECTION INFORMATION The GPS 195’s intersection waypoint page allows entry of a desired intersection by identifier, and displays position and nearest VOR data for a selected intersection. To view waypoint information for an intersection: 1. Select the INT category from the waypoint category field (pg. 27). 2. Enter the identifier of the desired intersection (pg. 28) and press the T key.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 36 REFERENCE W KEY USER WAYPOINT INFORMATION (cont.) To view waypoint information for a user waypoint: 1. Select the USR category from the waypoint category field (pg. 27). 2. Enter the identifier/name of the desired user waypoint (pg. 28). 3. Press the T key. WAYPOINT OPTIONS MENU The waypoint options page provides a list of additional waypoint options which let you create, list, edit or delete user waypoints. To display the waypoint options: 1.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 37 REFERENCE WAYPOINT OPTIONS MENU (cont.) W KEY 7. The default symbol on the map display for user waypoints is a solid dot (‘•’). Additional symbols are available for a wide variety of applications. To change the waypoint symbol, highlight the waypoint symbol field, press T, select the new symbol and press T again. • Show User List?— displays a master list of all user waypoints currently stored in memory.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 38 REFERENCE W KEY WAYPOINT OPTIONS MENU (cont.) • Rename Waypoint?— allows you to specify a new name for the selected waypoint. To rename a user waypoint: 1. Highlight the ‘Rename Waypoint?’ option and press T. 2. Enter the new waypoint name and press T. 3. Press T to confirm the ‘Yes’ prompt. • Delete Waypoint?— allows you to remove the selected waypoint from memory. To delete a user waypoint: 1. Highlight the ‘Delete Waypoint?’ option and press T. 2.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 39 REFERENCE W KEY AUTOSTORE WAYPOINTS (cont.) To add the waypoint to a route: 1. Press the T key. 2. Select the desired route with the R keypad and press T. 3. Press the T key to confirm the route number. To save the AutoStore waypoint: 1. Highlight the ‘done’ field and press T. The AutoStore feature may be used to create waypoints at locations other than your present position.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 40 REFERENCE W KEY SYMBOL WAYPOINTS (cont.) To delete a symbol waypoint: 1. Highlight the desired symbol waypoint on the map page, using the R keypad, and press T. 2. Press O to display an options window. 3. Use the R keypad to highlight “Delete Waypoint?” and press T. 4. A confirmation window will appear. With “Yes” highlighted, press T to deleted the symbol waypoint. To delete all symbol waypoints: 1.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 41 REFERENCE N KEY NEAREST WAYPOINTS Bearing to Airport Distance to Airport Airport Identifier Longest Runway The GPSMAP 195’s N key provides detailed information on the nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections and user waypoints within 200 miles of your present position. The nearest waypoint feature can locate the nearest facility(s) in the event of an in-flight emergency.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 42 REFERENCE N KEY NEAREST WAYPOINTS (cont.) You can easily set a GOTO course directly to a nearest waypoint. In an emergency, a few simple keystrokes can guide you to the closest point to set down. (We’ll discuss the GOTO features in more detail on page 44.) To GOTO a nearest waypoint: 1. Highlight the desired waypoint from the nearest waypoint list. 2. Press G, followed by selected waypoint.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 43 REFERENCE NEAREST AIRSPACE INFORMATION N N KEY T When an airspace alert message is provided, the N key can provide additional detail about the airspace. The nearest airspace page lists the six nearest airspaces for which airspace alerts have been issued. Normally, only one or two airspace alerts will occur at a time, but with sectorized controlled-airspace (such as many Class B areas) you can have more.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 44 REFERENCE G KEY USING THE GOTO KEY The GPSMAP 195 provides three ways to navigate to a destination: GOTO, TracBack and route navigation. The simplest method of selecting a destination is the GOTO function, which lets you select a waypoint as your destination and quickly sets a direct course from your present position.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 45 REFERENCE GOTO A HIGHLIGHTED NAME (cont.) G KEY To GOTO a highlighted waypoint name: 1. Select the desired waypoint by highlighting its name. 2. Press the G key to designate this waypoint as the destination. 3. Press T to confirm the selection. GOTO OPTIONS PAGE You may quickly select a previously stored route using the GOTO options page.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 46 REFERENCE GOTO OPTIONS PAGE (cont.) Status Page • Start TracBack?— allows you to create and start navigation of a TracBack route back to the oldest track log point in memory. (See pages 80-81 for more on using the TracBack function.) STATUS PAGE Estimated Position Error Sky View Battery Indicator When the satellite signals are first received , the signal strength bars are hollow, indicating the data from these satellites is still being processed.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 47 REFERENCE STATUS PAGE (cont.) Receiver status is indicated at the top of the page, with the current estimated position error (EPE), dilution of precision (DOP), and battery level to the left of the sky view. DOP measures satellite geometry quality on a scale of one to ten (lowest numbers are best, highest numbers are worst). EPE uses DOP and other factors to calculate a horizontal position error in feet or meters.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:48 PM Page 48 REFERENCE STATUS PAGE OPTIONS Status Page The GPSMAP 195’s status page features a context-sensitive options page that provides access to settings and special features of that page. When the receiver has been moved over 500 miles from the last known position, it can be reinitialized from the map or by entering coordinates. This helps the GPSMAP 195 look for the correct satellites. To display the status page options: 1. Press O (with the status page displayed).
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 49 REFERENCE STATUS PAGE OPTIONS (cont.) Position Page • Start Simulator or Exit Simulator?— allows you to start the simulator mode or to cancel simulator mode and return to normal operation. (See page 17 in the TakeOff Tour for more information on using simulator mode.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 50 REFERENCE POSITION PAGE OPTIONS Position Page The GPSMAP 195’s position page features a context-sensitive options page providing access to settings and special features of the position page. To change a user-selectable data field, select ‘Change Data Fields?’ and highlight the desired field. (The ‘TRK’ field is highlighted in this example.) To display the position page options: 1. Press O (with the position page displayed). To select a menu option: 1.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 51 REFERENCE MAP PAGE Graphic Compass or CDI Airplane Symbol (present position) Map Page User-selectable Data Fields Map Display Map Scale The GPSMAP 195’s map page provides a comprehensive moving map display showing your aircraft on a digital chart, complete with geographic names, airports, navaids, lakes, rivers, coastlines and highways. It also plots your track and displays any routes and waypoints you create.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 52 REFERENCE USING THE CURSOR (cont.) Map Page To move the cursor: 1. The cursor can be moved over the map display using the R keypad. 2. Whenever the cursor reaches the edge of the display, the map will scroll forward under the cursor. Keep in mind that the airplane icon will move with the map scrolling and may go off the display screen. (You may not be able to see your present position.) 3.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 53 REFERENCE USING THE CURSOR (cont.) Map Page To activate a GOTO from the map display: 1. To select an existing airport, navaid, user waypoint or symbol waypoint, highlight the waypoint on screen and press T. 2. To select a cursor position as your destination, move the cursor to the desired position and press G. The GOTO window will appear and display the position as the ‘MAPWPT’ waypoint. Press T to save the waypoint and begin navigation.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 54 REFERENCE Map Page SELECTING MAP SCALES (cont.) The GPSMAP 195’s system has a built-in base map providing best map detail at scales down to 20 nautical miles. Worldwide coverage is available by adding the International Mapping Datacard to an Americas-version GPSMAP 195, or by adding the Americas Mapping Datacard to an International-version GPSMAP 195. Datacards are also available for Canada and Alaska to provide additional detail.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 55 REFERENCE MAP PAGE OPTIONS (cont.) Map Page • Number of Data Fields?— allows you to specify the number of fields displayed in the data window section of the map page. A graphic track compass or CDI scale may also be displayed. The following options are available: • 2 Fields • 2 Fields & CDI • 4 Fields & Compass • 6 Fields • 6 Fields & CDI • 2 Fields & Compass • 4 Fields • 4 Fields & CDI • 6 Fields & Compass • 8 Fields To change the number of data fields: 1.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 56 REFERENCE Map Page MAP PAGE OPTIONS (cont.) To change the map orientation: 1. Highlight the ‘Setup Map Features?’ option and press T. 2. Highlight the ‘Orientation’ field and press T. 3. To keep the top of the map display fixed at North, select ‘North Up’ and press T. 4. To keep the top of the map display fixed along your desired course, select ‘DTK Up’ and press T. 5.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 57 REFERENCE MAP PAGE OPTIONS (cont.) Map Page To display user/symbol waypoints & change user waypoint fonts: 1. Highlight the ‘Setup Map Features?’ option and press T. 2. Highlight the ‘User’ text field and press T. 3. Select the text character size, or ‘None’ to not display. Press T. 4. Highlight the ‘User’ or ‘Symbol’ zoom field and press T. 5.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 58 REFERENCE Map Page Geographic detail may also be enabled/disabled by defining the maximum scale at which each feature will appear. MAP PAGE OPTIONS (cont.) • Setup Land Data?— allows you to control whether or not geographic data appears on the map display, or individually select what geographic data to show. Controls for state boundaries, rivers, lakes, railroads, highways and metro areas are provided. Cities may also be selected based upon size.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 59 REFERENCE HSI PAGE Bug Indicator Desired Track Pointer HSI Page User-selectable Data Fields VNAV Indicator CDI & D-bar Needle Compass Card User-selectable Data Fields Whenever a GOTO, TracBack or route has been activated, the GPSMAP 195 will provide digital and graphic guidance to the destination waypoint with the HSI page.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 60 REFERENCE HSI PAGE OPTIONS HSI Page The HSI options page allows you to define the user-selectable data fields, set OBS or track bug headings, or capture a VNAV profile. The ‘Set OBS and Hold?’ function allows you to specify an inbound heading to a destination waypoint. When this option is selected, an OBS heading appears in the bottom left corner of the HSI display. Use the R keypad to select the OBS heading. To display the HSI page options: 1.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 61 REFERENCE HSI PAGE OPTIONS (cont.) HSI Page To release a waypoint hold and return to automatic sequencing of route waypoints: 1. Highlight the ‘Release Hold?’ option and press T. • Set Bug Indicator?— allows you to mark a heading reference on the HSI display, which provides a visual cue of an important heading for current/future use. To use this option, the bug indicator should be set to ‘User Selected’ as described below under ‘Setup HSI Features?’.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 62 REFERENCE ACTIVE ROUTE PAGE Active Route Page Route Comment Route Number Route Waypoints Estimated Time of Arrival Distance to Waypoint A user-defined comment up to 16 characters long, may be assigned to any stored route. Whenever you have activated a route, GOTO or TracBack, the active route page will show each waypoint of the active route, with the waypoint name, desired track, cumulative distance and ETA or ETE for each waypoint from your present position.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 63 REFERENCE ACTIVE ROUTE PAGE OPTIONS (cont.) Active Route Page The following options are available from the active route page: • Select Approach?— allows you to select the final course segment of a published approach, replacing the final destination airport in a GOTO or route with the sequence of waypoints for the selected approach. (Approach features are described on pages 32 and 78.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 64 REFERENCE MAIN MENU PAGE Main Menu Select the desired menu item by highlighting it with the R keypad and then press †. The GPSMAP 195’s main menu page provides access to various system, navigation, planning, interface management and setup menus. The main menu page is available from any page in the GPSMAP 195’s system, and is accessed through the O key. To access the main menu page: 1. Press O twice.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 65 REFERENCE SETUP MENU (cont.) Main Menu: Setup The following options are available from the setup menu: • Simulator— allows you to enable and configure the GPSMAP 195’s built-in simulator mode. From this submenu, you can setup the simulator to a specific location and altitude, plus enter the simulated speed and track. • Alarms— offers complete control over the alarm clock, arrival alarm and course deviation alarm settings.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 66 REFERENCE Main Menu: Setup SIMULATOR SETTINGS The simulator submenu provides complete setup control of the simulator mode. From this page, you may designate a starting position and altitude, enter a simulated speed and define a ground track. To turn the simulator mode on or off: 1. Highlight the ‘Mode’ field and press T. 2. Select ‘Simulator On’ or ‘Simulator Off’ and press T. To designate the simulated position and altitude: 1.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 67 REFERENCE ALARMS SETTINGS (cont.) Main Menu: Setup The waypoint arrival alarm will activate an alarm message once you’ve come within a set distance to a destination waypoint. To enable/disable the arrival alarm: 1. Highlight the ‘Arrival Alarm’ field and press T. 2. Select ‘Auto’, ‘On’ or ‘Off’ as desired and press T. ‘Auto’ provides the alarm one minute before reaching your destination, based upon current ground speed and track. 3.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 68 REFERENCE AIRSPACE ALARMS (cont.) Main Menu: Setup Airspace alerts may be enabled/disabled by airspace type. Alerts for the following airspace categories may controlled from the alarms submenu: • Class B, CTA— ICAO control areas • Class C, TMA— ICAO terminal control areas • Towers, Control Zones— In U.S., a 4.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 69 REFERENCE UNITS/CDI SETTINGS Main Menu: Setup The units/CDI submenu is used to select the desired units of measure, heading reference and CDI (course deviation indicator) scale. The heading selection determines what reference is used in calculating heading information. You can select from the following: • Auto Mag Var— provides magnetic north heading references which are automatically determined from your current position.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 70 REFERENCE Main Menu: Setup UNITS/CDI SETTINGS (cont.) • Altitude Units— may be presented in feet or meters. • Vertical Speed Units— may be measured in feet per minute or meters per minute. • Pressure Units— may be specified in inches of mercury (Hg) or in millibars (mb). • Temperature Units— may be measured in degrees Fahrenheit or degrees Celsius. To change a units of measure setting: 1. Highlight the desired field and press T. 2.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 71 REFERENCE POSITION FORMAT/DATUM (cont.) Main Menu: Setup The default position format is latitude and longitude in degrees and minutes (hdddºmm.mmm’). The following additional formats are available: • hddd.dddddº— latitude and longitude in decimal degrees only • hdddºmm’ss.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 72 REFERENCE Main Menu: Setup NEAREST AIRPORT CRITERIA The nearest airport criteria submenu defines the surface type and minimum length for runways when determining the nearest airports. Pilots of large, high-performance aircraft may direct the nearest airport search to ignore those airports at which it would be difficult, if not impossible, to land.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 73 REFERENCE BEEPER/DISPLAY/BATTERY SETTINGS (cont.) Main Menu: Setup To set the screen contrast: 1. Highlight the ‘Display Contrast’ field and press T. 2. Adjust the bar scale for desired contrast using the LEFT and RIGHT arrows of the R keypad. 3. Press T. The battery setting is used to designate which battery type (alkaline or NiCad) is in use.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 74 REFERENCE Main Menu: Setup INPUT/OUTPUT SETTINGS The input/output submenu lets you control interface settings for connecting to external NMEA devices, a DGPS receiver or a personal computer. The ‘Input/Output Format’ field, at the top of the page, lets you specify one of seven interface formats: • Aviation In/No Out is a proprietary interface for connection to a GARMIN panel-mounted GPS receiver.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 75 REFERENCE ROUTES Route Number Main Menu: Routes Route Comment The second item on the main menu, ‘Routes’, provides another means of navigation over the direct GOTO. Unlike the GOTO function, which provides a course from present position to a single destination waypoint, the ‘Routes’ selection lets you create and store up to 20 reversible user-defined routes (numbered 0-19), with up to 30 waypoints in each route.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 76 REFERENCE ROUTES (cont.) Main Menu: Routes Once a route has been created, the route list page will reappear allowing you to activate the route, again from the route options page. If you make an error while creating the route and wish to change, remove or insert a waypoint, a pop-up menu is provided to allow you to make the necessary changes. This menu can also be used to review the database information about any waypoint in the route. To edit a route waypoint: 1.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 77 REFERENCE ROUTE OPTIONS Main Menu: Routes The route options page provides additional features for creating, using or deleting routes. These functions may be selected by highlighting the desired function and pressing T. To display the route options page: 1. Press O (with the route list page displayed). The following options are available from the route list page: • Create New Route?— activates the text route editing function.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 78 REFERENCE ROUTE OPTIONS (cont.) Main Menu: Routes 6. To add a new user waypoint to the route (using the ‘Insert?’ selection), use the R keypad to select the desired map position and press T. Press T again to confirm the new waypoint. 7. Press Q to finish, or J to return to the main menu page. • Edit as Text?— presents a route edit page where you can add, remove or change the waypoints using the waypoint identifier(s).
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 79 REFERENCE USING APPROACHES (cont.) Approaches To select an approach using the GOTO function: 1. Press the G key and select an airport as your destination waypoint (see pg. 21). 2. Press T. The ‘GOTO?’ option is highlighted. (Pressing T here would take us directly to the airport reference waypoint.) 3. Press O to show the GOTO options (see illustration above). 4. Highlight ‘Select Approach?’ and press T.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 80 REFERENCE TRACK LOG Main Menu: Track The track submenu lets you specify whether or not to record a track log (an electronic recording of your path) and define how it is recorded. It also provides an indicator of the track memory used and selects functions to clear the track memory and start a TracBack route. The following functions are available: • Record Mode— lets you select one of three track recording options: • Off– No track log will be recorded.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 81 REFERENCE TRACBACK NAVIGATION Main Menu: Track The third, and final, method of navigating to a destination is by using the GPSMAP 195’s TracBack feature. The TracBack function allows you to retrace your path using the track log automatically stored in the receiver’s memory, which eliminates the need to store waypoints along the way.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 82 REFERENCE Main Menu: Timers TRACBACK NAVIGATION (cont.) • If there is not enough available memory to add more waypoints and create a TracBack route, you will be alerted with a ‘waypoint memory full’ message, and the receiver will use available waypoints to create a route with an emphasis on the track log closest to the destination. • If the track log interval is set to the ‘Time’ option, the route may not follow your exact path.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 83 REFERENCE TIMERS (cont.) Main Menu: Timers The count up timer measures time from the point at which it was started. This timer will not generate a message. To set the general purpose timer to count up: 1. Highlight the timer mode field and press T. 2. Select the ‘Count Up’ option and press T. The GPSMAP 195 will begin counting up. You may also stop or pause the timer as desired. To stop the timer: 1. Highlight the timer mode field and press T. 2.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 84 REFERENCE VERTICAL NAVIGATION Main Menu: VNAV VN AV O PR FI LE DISTANCE TO PROFILE GLID ER ATIO TO TA R GE T TARGET ALTITUDE DISTANCE TO TARGET AIRPORT The vertical navigation submenu allows you to define a target altitude and guide you on a descent to it. The default settings are intended to guide you to pattern altitudes.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 85 REFERENCE VERTICAL NAVIGATION (cont.) Main Menu: VNAV VNAV Indicator With the VNAV profile set, the HSI page will guide you through the maneuver. Data fields on the HSI page will indicate time to beginning of maneuver, time to target altitude and vertical speed to target. A VNAV indicator on the HSI display will guide you along the proper descent angle.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 86 REFERENCE Main Menu: Winds DENSITY ALTITUDE/WINDS ALOFT The density altitude/winds aloft submenu provides E6-B functions for calculating density altitude, true airspeed and winds aloft. Density altitude may be calculated by entering values for indicated altitude, calibrated airspeed, barometric pressure and total air temperature. To calculate density altitude and true airspeed: 1.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 87 REFERENCE TRIP & FUEL PLANNING The GPSMAP 195’s trip and fuel planning submenu lets you plan and review distance, fuel, and ETE/ETA information between any two waypoints; your present position and a stored waypoint; or any part of a stored route. Sunrise and sunset information is also provided. Two planning modes are available: point-to-point and route planning. To use the point-to-point planning mode: 1.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 88 REFERENCE Main Menu: Planning TRIP & FUEL PLANNING (cont.) To use the route planning mode: 1. Highlight the ‘Trip & Fuel Planning’ option from the main menu page and press T. 2. If the plan field is not set to ‘Route’, press O and select it from the options page. 3. Highlight the route number field and press T. 4. Select the route you want to plan and press T. 5. The leg field will be highlighted. Press T. 6.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 89 REFERENCE TRIP & FUEL PLANNING Main Menu: W & B To use the sunrise/sunset planner: 1. Highlight the ‘Trip & Fuel Planning’ option from the main menu page and press T. 2. Using ‘Point-To-Point’ plannning, highlight the first waypoint field and press T. Press the left arrow key to clear the field, and use the R keypad to enter the name of the desired waypoint.
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gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 91 APPENDIX A ACCESSORIES & INSTALLATION Universal Yoke Mount The GPSMAP 195 includes an adjustable yoke mount that may be attached to the control yoke of an aircraft for easy access without blocking the view of the instrument panel. The clamp that comes with the standard yoke mount is configured to fit the control yoke of more than 90% of general aviation aircraft.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 92 APPENDIX A ACCESSORIES & INSTALLATION (cont.) To attach the yoke mount to the control yoke: 1. Loosen the lower knob. 2. Slide the clamp over the control yoke shaft just behind the control wheel. 3. Tighten the lower knob securely. 4. Make sure that the clamp is as close as possible to the control wheel and check to make sure that the yoke travel is not limited or hindered in any way by the yoke mount. 5.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 93 APPENDIX A ACCESSORIES & INSTALLATION (cont.) Remote GPS Antenna The GARMIN GA 27 remote GPS antenna can be used to enhance satellite reception. Simply plug the “MCX” male connector on the end of the GA 27 cable into the socket located on the side of the GPSMAP 195. Place the antenna in view of satellites, and the system is ready for operation. The GA 27 can be mounted using a suction cup mount (or, optionally, magnetic mount) which is included with the antenna.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 94 APPENDIX A ACCESSORIES & INSTALLATION (cont.) Powering Your GPSMAP 195 Your unit uses 6 AA batteries that provide up to 10 hours of battery life. The GPSMAP 195 may also be hard-wired to 5-40 volt DC power using the cigarette lighter adapter or power/data cable. To remove and install a battery pack: S ES PR 1. Push down on the plastic spring tab on the bottom of the battery pack. 2. Slide the battery pack off from underneath the unit.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 95 APPENDIX A INSTALLING/REMOVING DATACARDS Mapping datacards are available for use with your GPSMAP 195 system to provide additional geographic detail in selected areas—including Canada and Alaska. GARMIN data-cards are inserted in the card slot located on the right side of the unit, and may be installed or removed at any time, whether the unit is on or off.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 96 APPENDIX A USING DATACARDS Once a datacard has been inserted, the map coverage and detail will conform to the following conditions: • When the selected zoom range is covered by both the internal base map and a datacard, map detail will be displayed using the data with the best resolution. • When the selected zoom range exceeds the resolution of the available chart data, overzoom map detail will be displayed.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 97 APPENDIX B WIRING & INTERFACE DC Wiring The GPSMAP 195 may be hard-wired to an aircraft’s 6-40v DC system using an optional power/data cable. Consult the wiring diagram below for proper connections. The connector end of the cable attaches to the back of the unit using either the long brass thumb screws supplied or standard M3 x .5 (6mm) machine screws. The connector end may also be attached to the yoke mount for convenient attachment to aircraft power.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 98 APPENDIX B WIRING & INTERFACE (cont.) Interfacing The following formats are supported for connection to up to three NMEA devices: • NMEA 0183 version 2.0 Approved sentences— GPGGA, GPGSA, GPGSV, GPRMB, GPRMC, GPRTE, GPWPL, GPBOD Proprietary sentences— PGRME (estimated error), PGRMM (map datum) PGRMZ (altitude), PSLIB (beacon receiver control input) DGPS IN RM GA R 21 GB GARMIN GBR 21 Beacon Receiver DGPS corrections are accepted in RTCM-104 v. 2.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 99 APPENDIX C SPECIFICATIONS GPSMAP 195 Specifications PHYSICAL Case: Size: Weight: Temperature Range: PERFORMANCE Receiver: Acquisition Time: Update Rate: Position Accuracy: Velocity Accuracy: Dynamics: POWER Range: Usage: Fully gasketed, nitrogen-filled 7.6”H x 2.9”W x 2.1”D (19.3 x 7.4 x 5.3 cm) 1.4 lbs. (635g) 5º to 158ºF (-15º to 70ºC) Differential-ready, 12 parallel channel Approx. 15 seconds (warm) Approx. 45 seconds (cold) Approx.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 100 APPENDIX D MESSAGES Airspace Ahead Less Than 10 min—Your projected course and current altitude will place you within an airspace within 10 minutes, based on your current track over ground. Airspace Near and Ahead—Your present position is within 2 nm of an airspace based upon your current course and altitude. Degraded Accuracy—The accuracy of the GPSMAP 195 has been degraded beyond 500 meters due to poor satellite geometry or data quality.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 101 APPENDIX D MESSAGES (cont.) RAM has Failed—The GPSMAP 195 has detected a failure in its internal memory. If the message persists, the GPSMAP 195 is unusable and should be taken to an authorized GARMIN service center. Received an Invalid Waypoint—A waypoint was received during upload transfer that has an invalid identifier. Receiver has Failed—A failure in receiver hardware has been detected.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 102 APPENDIX E ABBREVIATIONS This appendix provides a complete list of GPSMAP 195 abbreviations and their meanings.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 103 APPENDIX E ABBREVIATIONS (cont.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 104 APPENDIX F GLOSSARY OF NAVIGATION TERMS Bearing (BRG)—The compass direction from your position to a destination waypoint. Ground Speed—The velocity you are travelling relative to a ground position. Course Made Good (CMG)—The bearing from the ‘active from’ waypoint (your starting point when using GOTO) to your present position.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 105 APPENDIX F GLOSSARY OF NAVIGATION TERMS (cont.) The diagram below illustrates some of the basic navigation terms used with the GPSMAP 195. WPT 2 NORTH DT DIS K NORTH BRG ST R TRK S G L NE LA P R AI WPT 1 The diagram below illustrates some of the terms used with the vertical navigation features of the GPSMAP 195.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 106 APPENDIX G MAP DATUMS The following list shows the map datums available for the GPSMAP 195. Menu page abbreviations are listed first, followed by the corresponding map datum name and area. The default map datum for the GPSMAP 195 is WGS 84.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 107 APPENDIX G MAP DATUMS (cont.) NAD27 Alaska NAD27 Bahamas North American 1927- Alaska North American 1927Bahamas (excluding San Salvador Island) NAD27 Canada North American 1927- Canada and Newfoundland NAD27 Canal Zone North Am. 1927- Canal Zone NAD27 Caribbn North American 1927- Caribbean (Barbados, Caicos Islands, Cuba, Dom. Rep.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 108 APPENDIX H INDEX A Abbreviations Active Route Active Route Page Acquiring Satellites Airport Information Airport Pages Approach Page Comm Page Location Page Runway Page Airspace Alerts Alarm Clock Alarm Settings Altitude Buffer Antenna Installation Approaches Arrival Alarm Automatic Zooming Auto Track AutoLocate™ Mode AutoStore™ 102-103 62 24,62-63 12 29-33 29-31 32-33 30-31 29-30 31-32 67-68 66 66-67 68 93 78 67 56 66 13,47 38-39 B Backlight Feature 15,72 Batte
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 109 APPENDIX H INDEX (cont.) Installation (cont.
gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 110 APPENDIX H INDEX (cont.
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gps 195 manual C 7/1/99 4:49 PM Page 112 ® © 1996-1999 GARMIN Corporation GARMIN International, Inc., 1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, KS 66062 USA GARMIN (Europe) LTD., Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park Industrial Estate, Romsey SO51 9AQ UK GARMIN (Asia) Corp., 3F, No. 1, Lane 45, Pao-Hsing Road, Hsin Tien, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. Web Site Address: www.garmin.com Part Number 190-00097-00 Rev.
