GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide & Reference front_cover.
front_cover.
This manual reflects the operation of Main System Software version 4.00 or above. Some differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to earlier software versions. Introduction Foreword Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062 U.S.A. Tel: 913/397.8200 Fax: 913/397.8282 Garmin (Europe) Ltd., Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park, Romsey, Hampshire S051 9DL, U.K. Tel: 44/1794.519944 Fax: 44/1794.519222 Garmin Corporation, No.
Introduction Cautions I I NOTE: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC limits for Class B digital devices. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Furthermore, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.
Congratulations on choosing the world’s finest panel-mounted IFR navigation system! The GPS 500 represents Garmin’s continued commitment to provide you with the most advanced technology available today—in an accurate, easy-to-use design suitable for all of your flying needs. Introduction Accessories and Packing List Before installing and getting started with your new system, please check to see that your package includes the following items.
Introduction Warranty LIMITED WARRANTY This Garmin product is warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for one year from the date of purchase. Within this period, Garmin will at its sole option, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor, provided that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost.
PART ONE: INTRODUCTION Foreword ........................................................................................................................................ i Cautions ........................................................................................................................................ ii Accessories / Packing List ............................................................................................................ iii Warranty ...........................................
Introduction Table of Contents To quickly and easily locate information on specific tasks, please refer to the Index on page 168. Section 2: Direct-to Navigation ................................................................................................. 38-42 Using the Direct-to key Section 3: Flight Plans (FPL key and FPL page group) ..........................................................
The GPS 500 is designed to make operation as simple as possible. The descriptions on the next three pages provide a general overview of the primary function(s) for each key and knob. This Takeoff Tour section is intended to provide a brief overview of the primary functions of your GPS 500. Experiment with the unit and refer to the reference sections for more information. Takeoff Tour Key and Knob Functions Left-hand Knob The power knob on the left hand side controls unit power.
Takeoff Tour Key and Knob Functions Data is entered using the large and small right knobs. Experiment with them to become efficient at entering data. This greatly reduces the amount of time spent operating the GPS 500 in flight. Right-hand Keys and Knobs The range key allows you to select the desired map scale. Use the up arrow RNG side of the key to zoom out to a larger area, or the down arrow side to zoom in to a smaller area.
Takeoff Tour Key and Knob Functions Bottom Row Keys The NRST key displays the Nearest Airports page. Then, rotating the small N right knob steps through the NRST pages. O The OBS key is used to select manual or automatic sequencing of waypoints. Pressing this key selects OBS mode; this retains the current “active to” waypoint as your navigation reference even after passing the waypoint (i.e., prevents sequencing to the next waypoint).
Takeoff Tour Power On The Welcome page appears when the GPS 500 is powered on. During the time this screen is displayed, the GPS 500 performs a self-test to ensure proper operation. The Garmin GPS 500 offers you accurate navigational capability, along with non-precision and precision approach certification in the IFR environment.
Fuel Figures: Fuel capacity is entered manually. Check CDI/HSI, RMI and other instruments to verify these indications. Instrument Panel Self-Test Fuel on board and fuel flow are provided by sensors if installed. Select to Set Fuel Level to Full Capacity Should match current OBS course selection Select to display Checklists Page Once the database has been acknowledged, the Instrument Panel Self-Test page appears.
Takeoff Tour Fuel On Board and Checklists The Instrument Panel Self-Test page includes selections to set fuel on board (FOB) to full capacity and access the Checklists page. This allows you to quickly set fuel to full limits and display any checklists you’ve entered, such as start up or takeoff checklists. To set fuel on board to full (if not provided by sensor): 1. Rotate the large right knob to highlight “Set Full Fuel?”. 2.
If the GPS 500 has not been operated for a period of six months or more, it may have to ‘Search the Sky’ to collect new data. This means the unit is acquiring satellite data to establish almanac and satellite orbit information - this can take 5 to 10 minutes. The Satellite Status page displays a ‘Searching Sky’ status, and the message annunciator (MSG), above the MSG key, also flashes to alert you of a system message, ‘Searching the Sky’.
Takeoff Tour Map Page After the GPS 500 acquires satellites and computes a position, the Map page appears automatically. Map Display Present Position Desired Track Airport Map Scale MAP PAGE By adding data fields along the sides, the Map page can combine a moving map display and navigation data for complete situational awareness. Map setup pages are provided to add these data fields and to designate the maximum scale at which each map feature appears.
The Map page is one of four pages available under the NAV group*: • Default NAV page • Map page • NAVCOM page • Satellite Status page To select the desired NAV page, rotate the small right knob until the desired page is displayed. If you are currently viewing a page which is not part of the NAV group, you can quickly return to the NAV group using the CLR key. To select the NAV group and display the Default NAV page, press and hold CLR.
Takeoff Tour Direct-To Navigation Destination Waypoint Identifier Field “Activate?” Function Field SELECT DIRECT-TO WAYPOINT PAGE Confirm the selected direct-to destination by highlighting “Activate?” and pressing ENT. The GPS 500 can use direct point-to-point navigation to guide you from takeoff to touchdown, even in the IFR environment. Once a destination is selected, the unit provides speed, course and distance data based upon a direct course from your present position to your destination.
Takeoff Tour (Small right knob to select pages within the group) Page Groups NAV Group (Large right knob to change page groups) NOTE: Five NAV pages are available when the GPS 500 installation includes connection to traffic and/or weather information sources. See 400/500 Series Display Interfaces Pilot's Guide Addendum. To quickly select the Default NAV Default NAV Map NAVCOM Satellite Status page, press and hold CLR.
Takeoff Tour Default NAV Page During most flights, the Default NAV, Map and NAVCOM pages are the primary pages used for navigation. The Default NAV page displays a “look ahead” map, graphic course deviation indicator (CDI), the active leg of your flight plan (as defined by the current “from” and “to” waypoints), and four user-selectable data fields. The default settings for these fields are distance to waypoint (DIS), desired track (DTK), ground speed (GS) and estimated time en route (ETE).
Takeoff Tour To display the frequency list for the desired flight plan or direct-to airport: 1. Push the small right knob to activate the cursor on the airport identifier field (in the GPS window). NAVCOM Page 2. Rotate the small right knob to display the list of airports (departure, arrival and en route) for your flight plan or direct-to. Continue to rotate the small right knob until the desired airport is selected. 3. Press ENT to display the frequency list for the selected airport.
Takeoff Tour IFR Procedures Once the direct-to or flight plan is confirmed, the whole range of instrument procedures is available to you. Departures (DPs), arrivals (STARs), non-precision and precision approaches are stored within the NavData card and available using the PROC key. To display the Procedures page, press PROC. The steps required to select and activate an approach, departure or arrival are very similar.
One of the main page groups, NRST, provides listings for nearest airports or other facilities. The NRST group includes detailed information on the nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections and user-created waypoints within 200 nautical miles of your current position. In addition, pages are also provided to display the five nearest center (ARTCC/FIR) and Flight Service Station (FSS) points of communication, plus alert you to any special-use or controlled airspace you may be in or near.
Takeoff Tour Nearest Airports To view additional information for a nearby airport: 1. Press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 2. Rotate the large right knob to select the desired airport from the list. 3. Press ENT to display waypoint (WPT) information pages for the selected airport. 4. To display runway and frequency information, press the small right knob to remove the cursor and rotate the small right knob to display the desired information page.
The last page in the NRST group, the Nearest Airspace page, provides information for up to nine controlled or special-use airspaces near or in your flight path. Airspace information appears on this page based upon the same criteria used for airspace alert messages.
Takeoff Tour Flight Plans The GPS 500 lets you create up to 20 flight plans, with up to 31 waypoints in each flight plan. Flight plans are created, edited and activated using the FPL key. The FPL page group includes two pages: the Active Flight Plan page and the Flight Plan catalog. The Active Flight Plan page provides information and editing features for the flight plan currently in use (referred to as “flight plan 00”).
Takeoff Tour To activate the new flight plan: Flight Plans 1. Press the MENU key to display the Flight Plan Catalog options. 2. Rotate the small right knob to select “Activate Flight Plan?” and press ENT. Enter the identifier for each airport and/or navaid into the flight plan in the same sequence you wish to fly. Once activated, the flight plan can be displayed on the map page. Select “Activate Flight Plan?” from the page menu to begin using the new flight plan. 19 1-20.
Takeoff Tour Additional Reading This Takeoff Tour is intended to provide a brief introduction of the major features of the GPS 500. The reference section of this manual describes these features, and others, in additional detail. Use the reference section, as needed, to learn or review the details regarding a particular feature. The Index (beginning on page 168) may be used to quickly locate the information you want within the reference section.
1 - NAV Pages Section 1: NAV Pages Main Page Groups The main pages of the GPS 500 are divided into groups: NAV, WPT, AUX and NRST. While viewing any of these pages, selection of another page is a simple selection process using the small and large right knobs. NAV WPT AUX NRST 4 available pages* (see below) 10 available pages (see list pg. 76) 3 available pages (see list pg. 113) 8 available pages (see list pg.
1 - NAV Pages Default NAV Page Default NAV Page User-selectable Data Fields (all four corners) Active Leg of Flight Plan, or Direct-to Destination Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) First Page in NAV Group The following symbols are used —on the Default NAV page directly above the graphic CDI—to depict the “active leg” of a flight plan or direct-to.
F NOTE: The GPS 500 always navigates TO a waypoint unless the OBS switch is set (preventing automatic waypoint sequencing), or you have passed the last waypoint in your flight plan. 1 - NAV Pages Default NAV Page Directly above the CDI appears the active leg of your flight plan, or the direct-to destination when using the direct-to key. This automatically sequences to the next leg of your flight plan as you reach each interim waypoint.
1 - NAV Pages Default NAV Page If no flight plan or direct-to destination has been selected only speed, track, altitude, fuel flow and minimum safe altitude data may be displayed. All other data types appear as blank lines on the Default NAV page until a destination is selected. To select a different data item for any data field: 1. Starting with the Default NAV page, press the MENU key to display an options menu. 2.
Auto Zoom An autozoom feature is available for the Default NAV page; this feature automatically adjusts from an en-route scale of 200 nautical miles through each lower scale, stopping at 5.0 nautical miles as you approach your destination waypoint. By default, the autozoom feature is disabled. 1 - NAV Pages Default NAV Page To enable (disable) the autozoom feature: 1. Starting with the Default NAV page, press the MENU key to display an options menu. 2.
1 - NAV Pages Map Page Examples of several symbols used to depict airports and navaids on the Map page. Note the airports, Locator Outer Marker, VORTAC and Intersections. Different symbols are used to distinguish between waypoint types. The identifiers for any on-screen waypoints can also be displayed (by default the identifiers are enabled). Special-use and controlled airspace boundaries appear on the map, showing the individual sectors in the case of Class B or Class C airspace.
The “Setup Map?” option (described on page 29) allows you to define the maximum scale at which each map feature appears. This provides you with complete control to minimize screen clutter. You can also quickly remove items from the map using the CLR key. To quickly declutter the map display, press the CLR key momentarily (as often as needed) to select the desired amount of map detail. Five user-selectable data fields can be added to the right-hand side of the Map page.
1 - NAV Pages Map Page To review information for an on-screen airport, navaid or user waypoint: 1. Use the panning function (as described on the previous page) to place the target pointer on a waypoint. 2. Press ENT to display the waypoint information page(s) for the selected waypoint. 3. Press CLR to exit the information page(s). Map Direct-To To designate an on-screen airport, navaid or user waypoint as your direct-to destination: 1.
Many of the functions of the GPS 500 are menu-driven. Each of the main pages has an options menu, allowing you to custom tailor the corresponding page to your preferences and/or select special features which specifically relate to that page. A Map page Options menu provides additional settings to customize the Map page and additional features related specifically to the Map page. To display the Map Page Options menu, press MENU (with the Map page displayed).
1 - NAV Pages Map Page Options To select a map setup group, rotate the small right knob. Rotate the large right knob to highlight the desired setting within the group. Large, Medium and Small classifications are used on the GPS 500 for airports and cities. Large airports are those with a runway longer than 8100 feet. Medium airports include those with a runway longer than 5000 feet or with a control tower.
Distance Measurements The “Measure Dist?” option provides a quick, easy method for determining the bearing and distance between any two points on the map display. 1 - NAV Pages Map Page Options To measure bearing and distance between two points: 1. Press MENU (with the Map page displayed). 2. Rotate the large right knob to highlight “Measure Dist?” and press ENT. An on-screen reference pointer appears on the map display at your present position. 3.
1 - NAV Pages Map Page Options Selecting Desired On-Screen Data “Change Fields?” allows you to choose the data displayed on the five user-selectable data fields along the right-hand side of the map page (see previous page). There are sixteen available data types, including bearing to destination, distance to destination, estimated time of arrival, ground speed, minimum safe altitude and track. See page 145 for descriptions of these (and other) navigation terms. To change a data field: 1.
1 - NAV Pages NAVCOM Page NAVCOM Page Assigned Frequency and Usage Information (when applicable) Departure, En-route or Arrival Airport Frequency Type Third Page in NAV Group* The third NAV page is the NAVCOM (navigation communications) page. The NAVCOM page provides a list of the airport communication and navigation frequencies at your departure, en-route and arrival airports. The NAVCOM page makes selection of the frequencies you’ll need along your flight plan quick and convenient.
1 - NAV Pages NAVCOM Page To scroll through the list of frequencies: 1. Activate the cursor, if not already active, by pressing the small right knob. 2. Rotate the large right knob to move the cursor through the list of frequencies. If there are more frequencies in the list than can be displayed on the screen, a scroll bar along the right-hand side of the screen indicates the part of the list that is currently being displayed.
Satellite Status Page The Satellite Status page (the last NAV page) provides a visual reference of GPS receiver functions, including current satellite coverage, GPS receiver status, position accuracy, and displays your present position (by default, in latitude and longitude) and altitude. The Satellite Status page also displays the current time at the bottom center of the page. The altitude field (ALT) is user-selectable to configure the page to your own preferences and current navigation needs.
1 - NAV Pages Satellite Status Page The Satellite Status page is helpful in troubleshooting weak (or missing) signal levels due to poor satellite coverage or installation problems. You may wish to refer to this page occasionally to monitor GPS receiver performance and establish a normal pattern for system operation. Should problems occur at a later date, you may find it helpful to have an established baseline from which to compare.
Each satellite has a 30-second data transmission that must be collected (hollow signal strength bar) before the satellite may be used for navigation (solid signal strength bar). Once the GPS receiver has determined your coordinates, the GPS 500 indicates your position, altitude, track and ground speed. The GPS receiver status field (see page 35) also displays the following messages under the appropriate conditions: • Searching Sky— The GPS receiver is searching the sky for ANY visible satellites.
2 - Direct-To Selecting a Destination Section 2: Direct-To Navigation The direct-to function of the GPS 500 provides a quick method of setting a course to a destination waypoint. Once a direct-to is activated, the GPS 500 establishes a point-to-point course line (great circle) from your present position to the selected direct-to destination. Navigation data on the various NAV pages provides steering guidance until the direct-to is cancelled or replaced by a new destination.
Selecting a Destination by Facility Name or City In additionCautions to selecting a destination by identifier, the Select Direct-to Waypoint page also allows you to select airports, VORs and NDBs by facility name or city location. If duplicate entries exist for the entered facility name or city, additional entries may be viewed by continuing to rotate the small right knob during the selection process (see page 78 for more information on duplicate waypoints).
2 - Direct-To Flight Plan / Nearest Waypoints Selecting a Destination from the Active Flight Plan If you are navigating an active flight plan, any waypoint contained in the flight plan may be selected as a direct-to destination from the Select Direct-to Waypoint page (see section 3 for more information on flight plans). To select a direct-to destination from the active flight plan: 1. Press the direct-to key. The Select Direct-to Waypoint page appears, with the waypoint identifier field highlighted. 2.
Shortcuts Shortcuts are available when using the direct-to key, allowing you to bypass the use of the small and large right knobs to enter the destination waypoint’s identifier. A direct-to can be performed from any page displaying a single waypoint identifier (such as the WPT pages for airports and navaids) by simply pressing direct-to and ENT. For pages that display a list of waypoints (e.g.
2 - Direct-To Cancelling / Manual Course Cancelling Direct-To Navigation Once a direct-to is activated, the GPS 500 provides navigation guidance to the selected destination until the direct-to is either replaced with a new direct-to or a flight plan, or cancelled, or until the unit is turned off. To cancel a direct-to: 1. Press the direct-to key to display the Select Direct-to Waypoint page. 2. Press MENU to display the Direct-to Options menu. 3. With “Cancel Direct-To NAV?” highlighted, press ENT.
Section 3: Flight Plans The GPS 500 lets you create up to 20 different flight plans, with up to 31 waypoints in each flight plan. The flight plan (FPL) page group consists of two pages, accessed by pressing the FPL key. The flight plan pages allow you to create, edit and copy flight plans. Active Flight Plan 3 - Flight Plans Creating Flight Plans Flight Plan Catalog Flight Plan Catalog The Flight Plan Catalog allows you to create, edit, activate, delete and copy flight plans.
3 - Flight Plans Editing Flight Plans Flight Plan Editing To add a waypoint to an existing flight plan: 1. Press FPL and rotate the small right knob to display the Flight Plan catalog. 2. Press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 3. Rotate the large right knob to highlight the desired flight plan and press ENT. 4. Rotate the large right knob to select the point where you wish to add the new waypoint.
3 - Flight Plans To change the comment line for an existing flight plan: Activating / Inverting 1. From the Flight Plan catalog, press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 2. Rotate the large right knob to highlight the desired flight plan and press ENT. 3. Rotate the large right knob to select the comment line at the top of the screen. 4. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the new comment. Press ENT when finished. 5.
3 - Flight Plans Copying / Deleting Copying Flight Plans If you want to save a flight plan currently located in “flight plan 0”, be sure to copy it to an open catalog location (1-19) before the flight plan is cancelled, overwritten or erased. F NOTE: Once a flight plan is activated, it is copied to “flight plan 0” and overwrites the previous contents of this flight plan memory location. To copy a flight plan to another Flight Plan Catalog location: 1.
Flight Plan Catalog Options The following options (some covered on the preceding pages) are available for the Flight Plan Catalog: Activate Flight Plan? allows you to select the flight plan for navigation guidance, as described on page 45. Invert & Activate FPL? allows you to reverse the highlighted flight plan and select it for navigation guidance, as described on page 45. Create New Flight Plan? allows you to create a new flight plan, as described on page 43.
3 - Flight Plans Flight Plan Catalog Options Copy Flight Plan? allows you to copy the selected flight plan to a new flight plan location, as described on page 46. The copy function is useful for duplicating an existing flight plan before making changes. Delete Flight Plan? allows you to remove the selected flight plan from memory, as described on page 46. Deleting a flight plan does not delete the individual waypoints contained in the flight plan from the database or user waypoint memory.
3 - Flight Plans To change a data field on the Active Flight Plan page: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. With the Active Flight Plan page displayed, press MENU to display the Active Flight Plan Page options window. Rotate the large right knob to highlight “Change Fields?” and press ENT. Rotate the large right knob to highlight the field you wish to change. Rotate the small right knob to select the desired data item and press ENT. Press the small right knob to remove the cursor.
3 - Flight Plans Active Flight Plan Options Delete Flight Plan? allows you to remove all waypoints from the active flight plan, as described on page 46 (deleting a flight plan does not delete the waypoints contained in the flight plan from the database or user waypoint memory).
Select Arrival? allows you to select a published standard terminal arrival route (STAR) for the destination airport, or replace the current arrival with a new selection (see page 55 for information on selecting arrivals using the PROC key). To select an arrival for a direct-to or flight plan destination airport: 3 - Flight Plans Active Flight Plan Options 1. From the Active Flight Plan page, press MENU to display the Active Flight Plan Page options. 2. Highlight the “Select Arrival?” option and press ENT.
3 - Flight Plans Active Flight Plan Options Remove Approach? deletes the currently selected approach from the active flight plan. Remove Arrival? deletes the current STAR from the active flight plan. Remove Departure? deletes the current DP from the active flight plan. To remove an approach, arrival or departure from the active flight plan: 1. From the Active Flight Plan page, press MENU to display the Active Flight Plan Page options. 2.
Shortcuts A number of shortcuts are available to save time when using the Active Flight Plan page. These shortcuts speed the process of removing approaches, departures and arrivals, and aid in selecting a specific flight plan leg for navigation guidance. 3 - Flight Plans Active Flight Plan Editing On the preceding page, options to remove approaches, departures and arrivals were introduced. This process may also be completed using the CLR key, as described below and illustrated at right.
3 - Flight Plans Flight Plan Leg Selection The “Activate Leg?” option discussed on page 49 allows you to specify the leg of the flight plan that should currently be used for navigation guidance. A shortcut also exists for this operation, using the direct-to key. To activate a specific leg of the active flight plan: 1. Press the small right knob to activate the cursor and rotate the large right knob to highlight the desired destination waypoint. 2.
Section 4: Approaches, Departures & Arrivals The GPS 500 allows you to fly non-precision approaches to airports with published instrument approach procedures. All available approaches are stored on your Jeppesen NavData® card, and are automatically updated when you replace the card with a new one. Subscription information for NavData cards is included in your GPS 500 package. 4 - Procedures Approaches/Departures/Arrivals The Procedures page (shown at top right) is displayed by pressing the PROC key.
4 - Procedures Activating Approaches Not all approaches in the database are approved for GPS use. As you select an approach, a “GPS” designation to the right of the procedure name indicates the procedure can be flown using the GPS ocedur es that do not have the “GPS” designation, the GPS rreceiver eceiver can only be used receiver. For pr procedur ocedures for supplemental navigation guidance.
Basic Approach Operations The GPS 500 provides non-precision approach guidance using its built-in GPS receiver. The GPS receiver can also be used as a supplemental aid for precision approaches and non-precision localizerbased approaches, but external localizer and glideslope receivers MUST be used for primary approach course guidance. 4 - Procedures Basic Approach Operations Approaches designed specifically for GPS are often very simple and do not require overflying a VOR or NDB.
4 - Procedures Procedure Turn Approach STEP 3: Press PROC, highlight “Select Approach?” and press ENT. From the pop-up window, select the “VOR 04” approach into KLYH. Approaches with Procedure Turns The procedure turn portion of an approach is stored as one of the legs of the approach. For this reason, the GPS 500 requires no special operations from the pilot—other than flying the procedure turn itself—beyond what is required for any other type of approach.
4 - Procedures Flying the Procedure Turn Procedure Turn Approach 2. Several miles prior to reaching the IAF (LYH), you may wish to review the approach sequence. Press the FPL key to display the Active Flight Plan page. Press the small right knob and rotate the large right knob to review each segment of the approach. When finished, press FPL again to return to the previous page. 1.
4 - Procedures Procedure Turn Approach 7. After approximately one minute, make a 180° right turn to a heading of 340° to intercept the inbound course. The GPS 500 sequences to the inbound leg to the FAF, the CDI needle swings to the opposite side to provide proper sensing along the final course segment and “NEXT DTK 025°” appears in the lower right corner of the screen. DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION 8. As the CDI needle starts to center, make a right turn to 025°—the final approach course. 9. Within 2.
DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION F Flying the Missed Approach After you pass the MAP, if the runway is not in sight, you must execute a missed approach. The GPS 500 continues to give guidance along an extension of the final course segment (FAF to MAP) until you manually initiate the missed approach procedure (as mentioned previously in reference to the “SUSP” advisory). The OBS key is used to initiate the missed approach, as follows: 4 - Procedures Missed Approach 1. Press the OBS key.
4 - Procedures Approach with Hold Flying an Approach with a Hold Starting where the previous example ended, assume weather conditions resulted in a missed approach at Lynchburg Regional. Now, you decide to divert to Farmville Regional (KFVX) instead. 1. Press direct-to. 2. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the destination airport identifier (KFVX). 3. Press ENT twice. STEPS 4 & 5: Press PROC and select the “GPS 21” approach.
DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION 8. Just prior to crossing BODRY intersection, an alert—”HOLD TEARDROP”— appears in the lower right corner of the screen to suggest the proper holding pattern entry (“HOLD DIRECT” or “HOLD PARALLEL” may be offered on other similar approaches). 9. As in the missed approach example, the Default NAV page displays a timer during the holding pattern.
4 - Procedures Approach with Hold 12. At 2.0 nautical miles from the FAF (DEPOY intersection), the GPS 500 switches from terminal mode to approach mode. CDI scaling is tightened from 1.0 to 0.3 nautical mile, full scale deflection. 13. As you approach the FAF, a waypoint alert in the lower right corner (“NEXT DTK 209°”) appears. Make any course adjustments necessary for the final course segment (FAF to MAP). 14. As you cross the FAF, the destination sequences to the MAP (“RW21”, the runway threshold).
Flying a DME Arc Approach The GPS overlay for a DME arc approach uses additional Jeppesen-provided waypoints to define the arc. These waypoints are indicated by “D” as the first letter in the waypoint name. This is followed by three numbers indicating the radial the waypoint lies on. The last letter indicates the radius of the arc. F 4 - Procedures DME Arc Approach NOTE: As this manual was being written, the letter/number DME arc names were being replaced with standard five-letter intersection names.
4 - Procedures DME Arc Approach 3. Within 30 nautical miles of KTOP, the GPS 500 switches from en-route mode to terminal mode and the CDI scale transitions from 5.0 to 1.0 nautical miles, full scale deflection. DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION 4. If you have not already activated the approach (in step 2), ensure to do so when cleared for the approach. See page 55, step 5 for a description of this operation. 5.
DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION 10. As you cross the FAF, the destination sequences to the MAP (“RW22”, the runway threshold). With the needle centered, fly toward the MAP, observing the altitude minimums dictated by the approach plate. When viewing the Map page, note that the final course segment is displayed in magenta (the active leg of the flight plan always appears in magenta) and a dashed line extends the course beyond the MAP. 4 - Procedures DME Arc Approach 11.
4 - Procedures Vectors-To-Final Approach Vectors to Final Let’s take a second look at the “VOR 22” approach into Billard Municipal. Instead of following the DME arc, ATC tells you to expect vectors onto the final approach course. There are several ways to select “vectors to final” with the GPS 500. The first two options below normally require the least workload to accomplish: • When the approach is first selected, choose “VECTORS” from the transitions (“TRANS”) window.
DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION Flying the Vectors Approach With “Vectors-To-Final” selected, the CDI needle remains off center until you’re established on the final approach course. With the approach activated, the Map page displays an extension of the final approach course in magenta (remember, magenta is used to depict the active leg of the flight plan) and “VTF” appears as part of the active leg on the Default NAV page (as a reminder that the approach was activated with vectors-to-final).
4 - Procedures Vectors-To-Final Approach 6. As the CDI needle centers, make any remaining course corrections to establish yourself on the final approach course. At 2.0 nautical miles from the FAF (TOP VOR), the GPS 500 switches from terminal mode to approach mode. CDI scaling is tightened from 1.0 to 0.3 nautical mile, full scale deflection. 7. As you approach the FAF, a waypoint alert in the lower right corner (“NEXT DTK 214°”) appears.
Palmdale (CA) AF Plant 42 VOR/DME or GPS Rwy 25 Course From Fix Flight Plan Legs Certain approach, departure, and arrival procedures in the Jeppesen database contain course from fix flight plan legs. The GPS 500 is able to load these legs into the flight plan along with the rest of the procedure data, and to provide navigation along these legs.
4 - Procedures Course-From-Fix Legs 4. As you approach the intermediate fix (CF25), a waypoint alert (“NEXT DTK 265°”) appears. Make any necessary course adjustments. 5. Within 2.0 nautical miles of the FAF (THERO), the GPS 500 switches from terminal mode to approach mode (“APR” appears in the lower left corner of the screen—replacing “TERM”). CDI scaling is tightened from 1.0 to 0.3 nautical mile, full scale deflection. 6.
MISSED APPROACH: Palmdale (CA) AF Plant 42 VOR/DME or GPS Rwy 25 DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION 3. Fly the outbound course keeping the CDI needle centered. The Map page depicts the flight path extending indefinitely from PMD VOR. The distance (DIS) on the Default NAV, Map and Active Flight Plan pages increases and indicates the distance back to PMD VOR. Climb to 5000’ outbound via PMD VOR R-282, then climbing RIGHT turn to 7000’ direct PMD VOR and hold. Course-From-Fix Legs 4.
4 - Procedures Course-From-Fix Legs STEP 1: Select the departure (CSTL2) from the Procedures page. Select departure runway RW02 and transition GEDIC. TYPE 3: Course from fix to manual sequence Course from fix to manual sequence legs appears on the Active Flight Plan and Map pages with “man seq” in place of a waypoint identifier. An example of this type of course leg appears in the COASTAL TWO DEPARTURE from Westfield, Massachusetts (Barnes Muni).
4 - Procedures Additional Approach Info You are now on the ‘course from fix to manual sequence’ leg. Once cleared to sequence to the next leg, pressing the OBS key removes the SUSP annunciator. “SUSP” indicates that automatic sequencing of approach waypoints is suspended. In some instances “SUSP” will automatically cancel (holding pattern entry). In other cases, press OBS to manually cancel.
5 - WPT PAGES WPT Page Group Section 5: WPT Pages WPT Page Group Section 1 introduced the GPS 500’s main page groups—NAV, WPT, AUX, NRST—and described each page in the NAV group. This second page group (WPT) provides information for the thousands of airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, runways, frequencies and procedures stored on your Jeppesen NavData® card. A WPT page is also provided to display information for up to 1,000 user-created waypoints. NAV WPT AUX NRST 4 available pages (see pg.
5 - WPT PAGES To quickly select a WPT page: 1. From any page, press and hold CLR to select the Default NAV page (you may skip this step if you are already viewing any of the main pages. See page 21). 2. Rotate the large right knob to select the WPT page group. “WPT” appears in the lower right corner of the screen. 3. Rotate the small right knob to select the desired WPT page. The WPT page group includes ten pages. While viewing any WPT page, rotate the small right knob to select a different WPT page.
5 - WPT PAGES Duplicate Waypoints 5. Rotate the large right knob to select the next character field. 6. Repeat steps 4 and 5 until the facility name or location is selected, then press ENT. 7. To remove the flashing cursor, press the small right knob. Duplicate Waypoints Once the identifier, facility name or location is entered, all six airport pages display information for the selected airport.
5 - WPT PAGES Airport Location Page Airport Location Facility Name and Location (City) Identifier, Symbol and Type Field Elevation, Available Fuels and Airspace Type Latitude/Longitude Position Best Available Approach and Radar Coverage First Page in WPT Group The Airport Location page displays the latitude, longitude and elevation of the selected airport.
5 - WPT PAGES Airport Runways Finding the Desired Airport Your GPS 500 uses ICAO identifiers for all airports. All U.S. airport identifiers which contain only letters use the prefix “K”. For example, Los Angeles International is KLAX under the ICAO standard. Other airports, such as Otten Memorial (3VS), that contain numbers in the identifier, do not require the “K” prefix. Alaska, Hawaii and many foreign countries use two letter prefixes.
5 - WPT PAGES To display information for each additional runway: Airport Frequencies 1. Press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 2. Rotate the large right knob to place the cursor on the “Runway” designation field. 3. Rotate the small right knob to display a window listing all runways for the selected airport. 4. Continue rotating the small right knob to select the desired runway. 5. Press ENT to display information for the selected runway on the Airport Runway page. 6.
5 - WPT PAGES Airport Frequencies Identifier, Symbol and Type Frequency Frequency Type Third Page in WPT Group To scroll through the frequency list and view a desired frequency on the list: When “Info? appears to the left of a displayed frequency, the frequency has usage restrictions. 1. Press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 2. Rotate the large right knob to scroll through the list, placing the cursor on the desired frequency.
5 - WPT PAGES The following descriptions and abbreviations are used on the Airport Frequency page: • Type— Usage type: Public, Military or Private • Frequency— Communication frequencies which may include restrictions: Approach Arrival Class B Class C CTA Departure TMA Terminal TRSA Airport Frequencies Communication frequencies without restrictions: ATIS ASOS AWOS Center Clearance Gate Control Ground Helicopter Multicom Pre-taxi Radar Ramp Other Tower Unicom Listed communication frequencies include AT
5 - WPT PAGES Airport Approach Page Airport Approaches Identifier, Symbol and Type Approach Procedure Name Transitions: IAFs, Feeder Routes and Vectors-to-Final Map Image Fourth Page in WPT Group STEPS 3 & 4: With the cursor on the “APPROACH” name field, rotate the small right knob to select the desired procedure and press ENT. The Airport Approach page shows the available approach procedures for the selected airport.
F NOTE: Not all approaches in the database are approved for GPS use. As you select an approach, a “GPS” designation to the right of the procedure name indicates the procedure can be flown using the GPS receiver. Some procedures do not have this designation, meaning the GPS receiver may be used for supplemental navigation guidance only. ILS approaches, for example, must be flown by tuning the external VOR/ILS receiver to the proper frequency and following the external CDI (or HSI) for guidance.
5 - WPT PAGES Airport Arrival Page Airport Arrivals Identifier, Symbol and Type Arrival Procedure Name Transitions Runways Associated with Arrival Map Image Fifth Page in WPT Group STEPS 2 & 3: With the cursor on the “ARRIVAL” field, rotate the small right knob to display a list of available arrival procedures. The Airport Arrival page shows the available Airport Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) procedures for the selected airport.
7. Rotate the small right knob to display a window of available runways. Continue rotating the small right knob to select the desired runway. F 5 - WPT PAGES Airport Arrivals NOTE: “ALL” may appear in the runway field, indicating the arrival procedure applies to all runways. For airports with parallel runways, “B” may appear at the end of the runway designation to indicate the arrival procedure applies to both runways. 8. Press ENT. To remove the flashing cursor, press the small right knob.
5 - WPT PAGES Airport Departure Page Airport Departures Identifier, Symbol and Type Departure Procedure Name Runways Associated with Departure Transitions Map Image Sixth Page in WPT Group STEPS 2 & 3: With the cursor on the “DEP” field, rotate the small right knob to display a list of available departure procedures. The Airport Departure page shows the available Airport Standard Instrument Departure Procedures [DP (formerly SID)] for the selected airport.
F NOTE: “ALL” may appear in the runway field, indicating the departure procedure applies to all runways. For airports with parallel runways, “B” may appear at the end of the runway designation to indicate the departure procedure applies to both runways. 5 - WPT PAGES Airport Departures 6. Press ENT. The cursor moves to the transitions (TRANS) field. 7. Rotate the small right knob to display a window of available transitions. Continue rotating the small right knob to select the desired transition. 8.
5 - WPT PAGES Intersection Page Intersections Identifier and Symbol Nearest VOR and Symbol Radial and Distance from Nearest VOR Region/Country Latitude/Longitude Position To display information for an intersection, highlight the identifier field. Then use the small and large right knobs to enter the intersection name. Seventh Page in WPT Group The Intersection page displays the latitude, longitude, region and country for the selected intersection.
5 - WPT PAGES NDB Page NDBs Identifier and Symbol Facility Name, City and Region/Country Frequency and Weather Broadcast Indication Latitude/Longitude Position Eighth Page in WPT Group The NDB page displays the facility name, city, region/country, latitude and longitude for the selected NDB. The NDB page also displays the frequency and a weather broadcast indication (if applicable).
5 - WPT PAGES VOR Page VORs Identifier and Symbol Magnetic Variation Facility Name, City and Region/Country Frequency and Weather Broadcast Indication Latitude/Longitude Position To display information for a VOR, highlight the identifier field. Then use the small and large right knobs to enter the VOR’s identifier. Ninth Page in WPT Group The VOR page displays the facility name, city, region/country, magnetic variation, latitude and longitude for the selected VOR.
5 - WPT PAGES User Waypoint Page Reference Waypoint Information User Waypoint Name User Waypoints Create/Modify Action Field Latitude/Longitude Position Tenth Page in WPT Group In addition to the airport, VOR, NDB and intersection information contained in your Jeppesen NavData® card, the GPS 500 allows you to store up to 1,000 user-defined waypoints.
5 - WPT PAGES Creating User Waypoints Creating User Waypoints User waypoints may be created from the User Waypoint page or the Map page. To create a new user waypoint, simply enter its name (identifier) and position, or reference another waypoint by radial and distance. To create a new user waypoint by entering its latitude/longitude position: 1. With the User Waypoint page displayed, press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 2.
5 - WPT PAGES To create a new user waypoint by referencing an existing waypoint: Creating User Waypoints 1. With the User Waypoint page displayed, press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 2. Use the small and large right knobs to enter a name for the new waypoint and press ENT. 3. Rotate the large right knob to highlight the first reference waypoint (REF WPT) field. 4. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the identifier of the reference waypoint.
5 - WPT PAGES Creating User Waypoints Creating User Waypoints from the Map page The Map page and panning target pointer (see page 27) provide a quick means of saving your present position as a user-defined waypoint. To capture and save your present position as a user waypoint: 1. With the Map page displayed, press the small right knob to activate the panning function. The target pointer appears at your present position. 2. Press ENT to capture the pointer’s position and display the User Waypoint page.
5 - WPT PAGES To modify a user waypoint by changing reference waypoint information: Modifying User Waypoints 1. With the User Waypoint page displayed, press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 2. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the name of the desired waypoint and press ENT. 3. Rotate the large right knob to highlight the first reference waypoint (REF WPT) field, if you wish to change the reference waypoint.
5 - WPT PAGES Deleting / Waypoint List User Waypoint Page Options The following User Waypoint page Options are available by pressing the MENU key (with the User Waypoint page displayed): View User Waypoint List? displays a list of all user waypoints currently stored in memory. To view a list of all user waypoints: 1. From the User Waypoint page, press MENU to display the User Waypoint Page options. 2. Rotate the large right knob to highlight “View User Waypoint List?” and press ENT. 3.
5 - WPT PAGES User Waypoint List The User Waypoint List allows you to review, modify, rename or delete a selected user waypoint, or to delete all user waypoints currently stored in memory. At the top of the page are indications for number of waypoint locations used and available memory. Modifying/Deleting Waypoints To review and/or modify a user waypoint from the User Waypoint List: 1. Select the User Waypoint List, as described on page 98. 2.
5 - WPT PAGES Deleting All Waypoints To delete a user waypoint from the User Waypoint List: 1. Select the User Waypoint List, as described on page 98. 2. Rotate the large right knob to highlight the desired user waypoint. 3. Press CLR to display a “Delete Waypoint” confirmation window. 4. With “Yes?” highlighted, press ENT to delete the selected user waypoint. To delete all user waypoints from memory: 1. Select the User Waypoint List, as described on page 98.
6 - NRST PAGES Section 6: NRST Pages NRST Page Group Section 2 introduced the main page groups of the GPS 500—NAV, WPT, AUX, NRST—and described each page in the NAV group. A fourth separate page group (NRST) provides detailed information for the nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections and user waypoints within 200 nm of your current position.
6 - NRST PAGES NRST Pages / Scrolling To quickly select a NRST page: 1a. From any page, press NRST to select the Nearest Airport page. “NRST” appears at the bottom of the screen. OR, 1b. Rotate the large right knob to select the NRST page group. “NRST” appears at the bottom of the screen. 2. Rotate the small right knob to select the desired NRST page. You may also rotate the large right knob to select the NRST page group.
To scroll through the list of nearest flight service station or center points of communication: 6 - NRST PAGES Nearest Airports 1. Select the desired NRST page, using the steps outlined on page 102. 2. Press the small right knob to activate the cursor. 3. Rotate the small right knob to scroll through the list. 4. Press the small right knob to remove the flashing cursor.
6 - NRST PAGES Nearest Airports Scroll Bar Airport Identifier, Symbol, Bearing To and Distance To Best Available Approach Tower or CTAF Frequency and Longest Runway To quickly find additional frequencies on the Nearest Airport page, highlight the desired airport identifier and press ENT. First Page in NRST Group Nearest Airport Page The Nearest Airport page displays the identifier, symbol, bearing and distance to the nine nearest airports (within 200 nautical miles of your present position).
6 - NRST PAGES To view additional information for a nearby airport: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Select the Nearest Airport page, using the steps outlined on page 102. Press the small right knob to activate the cursor. Rotate the large right knob to scroll through the list, highlighting the identifier of the desired airport. Press ENT to display the Airport Location page for the selected airport.
6 - NRST PAGES Nearest VOR Page Nearest VORs Scroll Bar VOR Identifier and Symbol VOR Frequency Bearing To and Distance To Fourth Page in NRST Group To find a VOR frequency from the Nearest VOR page, scroll through the list using the large right knob. The Nearest VOR page displays the identifier, symbol, bearing and distance to the nine nearest VORs (within 200 nautical miles of your present position).
Nearest User Waypoint Page The Nearest User Waypoint page displays the name, bearing and distance to the nine nearest user waypoints (within 200 nautical miles of your present position). To view additional information for a nearby user waypoint, highlight the desired waypoint and press ENT. 6 - NRST PAGES Nearest ARTCC Nearest Center (ARTCC) Page ARTCC Name Bearing To and Distance To Frequency(s) Sixth Page in NRST Group STEPS 3 & 4: Rotate the small right knob to select the desired center.
6 - NRST PAGES Nearest FSS Nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) Page The Nearest Flight Service Station page displays the facility name, bearing to and distance to the five nearest FSS points of communication (within 200 nautical miles of your present position). For each FSS listed, the Nearest Flight Service Station page also includes the frequency(s). For duplex operations, “RX” and “TX” indications appear beside the listed frequencies—indicating “receive only” or “transmit only” frequencies.
Nearest Airspace Page The last page in the NRST group, the Nearest Airspace page, alerts you to as many as nine controlled or special use airspaces near or in your flight path. Alerts are provided according to the following conditions: • If your projected course will take you inside an airspace within the next ten minutes, the alert message “Airspace ahead -- less than 10 minutes” appears. The Nearest Airspace page shows the airspace as “Ahead”.
6 - NRST PAGES Nearest Airspaces Once you have been provided an airspace alert message, detailed information concerning the specific airspace is provided on the Nearest Airspace page. The Nearest Airspace page displays the airspace name, status (“Ahead”, “Ahead < 2nm”, etc. as described on the previous page), and a time to entry (if applicable).
6 - NRST PAGES “Done?” Field (return to previous page) Airspace Name Nearest Airspaces Floor/Ceiling Limits Status and Time to Entry “View Frequencies?” Field (display Frequency Page) The Airspace Information page displays—and airspace alert messages are provided for—the following airspace types: • Alert • Caution • Class B • Class C • CTA • Danger • MOA • Prohibited • Restricted • TMA • Training • TRSA • Unspecified • Warning Highlight “View Frequencies?” and press ENT to display the communication fr
6 - NRST PAGES Nearest Airspaces Airspace alert for a military operations area (MOA). The bottom right-hand corner of the Airspace Information page displays the floor and ceiling limits of the airspace.
7 - AUX PAGES Section 7: AUX Pages AUX Page Group Section 2 introduced the main page groups of the GPS 500—NAV, WPT, AUX, NRST—and described each page in the NAV group. The third page group (AUX) allows you to change unit settings, customizing operation to your preferences. The AUX pages also provide E6B functions—such as trip planning, fuel planning, density altitude, true airspeed and winds aloft calculations. NAV WPT AUX NRST 4 available pages (see list on pg.
7 - AUX PAGES Flight Planning Page Flight Planning Menu Option: to select, highlight with cursor and press ENT. First Page in AUX Group STEP 2: From the Flight Planning page, highlight the desired menu option and press ENT...
• Fuel Flow Sensor Installed, But No Fuel On Board Sensor—Fuel on board is manually entered. Fuel flow is automatically provided by sensor. If fuel flow is manually entered (to override the sensor), it does not affect the FOB figure and is not retained the next time you view the page. • Fuel Flow and Fuel On Board Sensors Installed—Fuel flow and fuel on board are automatically provided by sensors. Fuel on board can NOT be entered manually.
7 - AUX PAGES Flight Planning STEP 3a: For direct-to fuel planning, press CLR (with the “from” waypoint field highlighted) to display “P.POS” (which represents your present position). STEPS 2 & 3c: For “flight plan leg” fuel planning, select “Flight Plan?” from the options window. Use the small right knob to select the desired flight plan and the desired leg of the flight plan. Flight Planning Page: Fuel Planning To perform fuel planning operations: 1.
7 - AUX PAGES Flight Planning Page: Trip Planning Flight Planning To perform trip planning operations: 1. Select “Trip Planning” from the Flight Planning page, using the steps described on page 114. 2. The current trip planning “leg mode” is displayed at the top of the page: “POINT TO POINT” or “FPL LEG” (for a flight plan leg). To change the leg mode, press MENU to display an options window for the other leg mode, then press ENT to accept the other leg mode. 3a.
7 - AUX PAGES Flight Planning Flight Planning Page: Density Alt / TAS / Winds To calculate density altitude, true airspeed, winds aloft: 1. Select “Density Alt / TAS / Winds” from the Flight Planning page, using the steps described on page 114. 2. The flashing cursor highlights the indicated altitude (IND ALT) field. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the altitude indicated on your altimeter. Press ENT when finished. 3. The flashing cursor moves to the calibrated airspeed (CAS) field.
7 - AUX PAGES Flight Planning Page: Scheduler Flight Planning To enter a scheduled message: 1. Select “Scheduler” from the Flight Planning page, using the steps described on page 114. 2. The flashing cursor highlights the first message field. If necessary, rotate the large right knob to highlight the first blank message field. 3. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the message text. Press ENT when finished (the GPS 500 stores up to nine scheduled messages holding 20 characters each). 4.
7 - AUX PAGES Flight Planning Flight Planning Page: Crossfill Select “Crossfill?” from the Default NAV page or Flight Plan page by pressing MENU or while on the Flight Planning page by scrolling down to “Crossfill” and pressing ENT. Automatic Operation: If both units are set to automatic, a change in the active flight plan on one unit can also be seen on the other. Initiating a direct-to to a waypoint on one unit also initiates a direct-to to the same waypoint on the other unit.
7 - AUX PAGES Flight Planning Page: Crossfill (cont.) 3. The flashing cursor highlights the transfer data option (TRANSFER) field. Rotate the small right knob to display a window of available data options: • Active Flight Plan—transfers the active flight plan to/from a second 500-Series (or 400-Series) Garmin unit in a dual unit installation. This option is the default when selecting “Crossfill” from the Flight Planning page.
7 - AUX PAGES Utility Page Utility Page Menu Option: to select, highlight with cursor and press ENT. Second Page in AUX Group STEP 2: From the Utility page, highlight the desired menu option and press ENT... The Utility page provides access (via a list of “menu options”) to checklists, a count down/up timer, trip timers, trip statistics, RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) prediction and software/ database version information.
RAIM Prediction— predicts if GPS coverage is available for your current location or at a specified waypoint at any time and date. Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring performs checks to ensure that the GPS 500 has adequate satellite geometry during your flight. RAIM availability is near 100% in Oceanic, En-route and Terminal phases of flight.
7 - AUX PAGES Utility Page Utility Page: Checklists (cont.) To execute a checklist: 1. With the Checklists page displayed, rotate the large right knob to select the desired checklist and press ENT. 2. As you complete each checklist item, press ENT to move to the next item on the list. To edit a checklist: 1. With the Checklists page displayed, rotate the large right knob to select the desired checklist and press ENT. 2. Press MENU to display an options menu.
7 - AUX PAGES Utility Page: Flight Timers Utility Page To view, use or reset the generic timer: 1. Select “Flight Timers” from the Utility page, using the steps described on page 122. 2. The flashing cursor highlights “Start?”. To start the generic timer, press ENT (you should typically begin with this step for count-up timers. However, for countdown timers, you may wish to enter a count direction and time before starting the timer; see below). 3.
7 - AUX PAGES Utility Page: Flight Timers (cont.) Utility Page To view, use or reset total trip time: 1. Select “Flight Timers” from the Utility page, using the steps described on page 122. 2. Rotate the large right knob to highlight the reset mode field, under “Total Trip Time” (the reset mode field indicates “Pwr-on” or “GS>30kt”). 3. Rotate the small right knob to select the desired reset mode (“Pwr-on” resets trip time to zero hours/ minutes/seconds each time the GPS 500 is turned on.
7 - AUX PAGES Utility Page: RAIM Prediction Utility Page To predict RAIM availability: 1. Select “RAIM Prediction” from the Utility page, using the steps described on page 122. 2. The flashing cursor highlights the waypoint field. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the identifier of the waypoint at which you wish to determine RAIM availability. Press ENT when finished (to determine RAIM availability for your present position, press CLR, followed by ENT). 3.
7 - AUX PAGES Setup Page Setup Page Menu Option: to select, highlight with cursor and press ENT. Third Page in AUX Group STEP 2: From the Setup page, highlight the desired menu option and press ENT... The Setup page provides access (via a list of “menu options”) to airspace alarms, CDI scale adjustments, an arrival alarm, units of measure settings, position formats, map datums, settings for local or UTC time display, display adjustments, nearest airport search parameters, and data field configurations.
If a lower CDI scale setting is selected (i.e., 1.0 or 0.3 nm) the higher scale settings are not be selected during ANY phase of flight. For example, if 1.0 nm is selected, the GPS 500 uses this for en-route and terminal phases and ramps down to 0.3 nm during approach. Note that the Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) protection limits listed below follow the selected CDI scale and corresponding flight phases. CDI Scale +/-5.0 nm or Auto (en route) +/-1.0 nm or Auto (terminal) +/-0.
7 - AUX PAGES Setup Page Use the Units / Position page to switch distance and speed measurements between Nautical, Statute and Metric units. Units / Position— allows you to configure the displayed data to standard or metric units of measure. This setting applies to distance, speed, altitude, fuel, pressure and temperature. Also provides three magnetic variation (heading) options: True, Auto or User-defined.
Nearest Airport Criteria— defines the minimum runway length and surface type used when determining the nine nearest airports to display on the Nearest Airport page. A minimum runway length and/or surface type may be entered to prevent airports with small runways, or runways that are not of appropriate surface, from being displayed. The default settings are “0 feet (or meters)” for runway length and “any” for runway surface type.
7 - AUX PAGES Setup Page Setup Page: CDI / Alarms (cont.) To change the maximum CDI scale setting: 1. Select “CDI / Alarms” from the Setup page, using the steps described on page 128. 2. The flashing cursor highlights the “Selected CDI” field. Rotate the small right knob to select the desired CDI scale. The selected scale and any lower scale settings are used during the various phases of flight as described on page 129. 3. Press ENT to accept the selected scale.
7 - AUX PAGES Setup Page: Units / Position Setup Page To set the magnetic variation: 1. Select “Units / Position” from the Setup page, using the steps described on page 128. 2. The flashing cursor highlights the heading mode field. Rotate the small right knob to select the desired heading mode: Auto, True or User. Press ENT to accept the selection (the heading modes are described on pages 128-130). 3.
7 - AUX PAGES Setup Page Setup Page: Units / Position (cont.) To change the position format: 1. Select “Units / Position” from the Setup page, using the steps described on page 128. 2. Rotate the large right knob to highlight the “Position Format” field. 3. Rotate the small right knob to select the desired position format. The following position formats are available: • • • • STEP 3 (top): Rotate the small right knob to select the desired position format. hdd°mm.
7 - AUX PAGES Setup Page: Date / Time Setup Page To display local time or UTC: 1. Select “Date / Time” from the Setup page, using the steps described on page 128. 2. The flashing cursor highlights the “Time Format” field. Rotate the small right knob to display a window of available time formats: Local 12hr, Local 24hr, or UTC. 3. Continue rotating the small right knob to select the desired time format. 4. Press ENT to accept the selection. To set the local time: 1.
7 - AUX PAGES Setup Page Setup Page: Display Backlight To change the backlighting intensity: 1. Select “Display Backlight” from the Setup page, using the steps described on page 128. 2. The flashing cursor highlights the backlight “Mode” field. Rotate the small right knob to select the desired mode: Auto or Manual. Press ENT to accept the selection. 3. If “Manual” is selected, the flashing cursor moves to the backlight “Level” field. Rotate the small right knob to select the desired level.
7 - AUX PAGES Setup Page: Data Field Configuration Setup Page To change the configuration of the bottom left hand data field: 1. Select “Data Field Configuration” from the Setup page, using the steps described on page 128. 2. Rotate the small right knob to select the desired data field option. The following options are available: • Configurable Data Fields—displays a user-selectable data field of navigation data (e.g., bearing, minimum safe altitude, ground speed, track, distance to destination, etc.).
7 - AUX PAGES Setup Page Restoring Factory Settings When making changes to any Setup page option, a “Restore Defaults?” menu selection allows you to restore the original factory settings (for the selected option only). For example, with the CDI / Alarms page displayed, the “Restore Defaults?” option restores the arrival alarm, all airspace alarms and CDI settings to the original factory values. To restore a Setup page option to the original factory settings: 1.
8 - VNAV Section 8: Vertical Navigation (VNAV) The Vertical Navigation page of the GPS 500 allows you to create a three-dimensional profile which guides you from your present position and altitude to a final (target) altitude at a specified location. This is helpful when you wish to descend to a certain altitude near an airport or climb to an altitude before reaching a route or direct-to waypoint.
8 - VNAV AL IC RT VE Vertical Navigation Profile N IO AT G VI NA VER TIC LE CURRENT ALTITUDE AND POSITION FI O PR TIME AND DISTANCE TO PROFILE AL SPE ED RE QU IRE D TARGET ALTITUDE AND POSITION DISTANCE TO TARGET AIRPORT To create a vertical navigation profile: STEPS 3 & 4: Rotate the small and large right knobs to select a target altitude. The target altitude can be above field elevation (for an airport) or you can specify an MSL altitude for any waypoint category. 1.
8. The default profile utilizes a 400-foot-per-minute descent rate. To change the rate, rotate the large right knob to highlight the “VS Profile” field and use the small and large right knobs to enter a new rate. Press ENT when finished. With the profile set, the vertical speed required (VSR) is displayed on the Vertical Navigation page.
9 - FDE Section 9: Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) Interface F NOTE: The following section is aimed at users who have experience operating the GPS 500 unit and are familiar with the operation of RAIM. Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) The Garmin GPS 500 Main and GPS Software version 3.00 and higher incorporate a Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) algorithm, thus providing a basis for approval per FAA Notice N8110.
9 - FDE FDE Interface and Control • RAIM Prediction — Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) is a GPS receiver function that performs a consistency check on all tracked satellites. RAIM ensures that the available satellite geometry allows the receiver to calculate a position within a specified protection limit (4.0 nm for oceanic, 2.0 nm for en route, 1.0 nm for terminal and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches).
9 - FDE An “Auto” ILS CDI selection allows the GPS 500 to automatically switch the external CDI from the GPS receiver to the VLOC receiver, when established on the final approach course. Selecting “manual” allows to manually switch the external CDI connection as needed. An arrival alarm, provided on the CDI / alarms page, may be set to notify the user with a message when the user-defined distance to a final destination has been reached (the direct-to waypoint or the last waypoint in a flight plan).
Messages The GPS 500 uses a flashing “MSG” annunciator at the bottom of the screen (directly above the MSG key) to alert you of any important information or warnings. While most messages are advisory in nature, warning messages may require your intervention. Whenever the “MSG” annunciator flashes, press the MSG key to display the message. Press MSG again to return to the previous page.
10- Messages, Abbreviations & Nav Terms Data transfer cancelled (crossfill is busy)—An attempt to transfer flight plan data during a unit-to-unit crossfill was cancelled. The host unit is busy. Wait until any previous crossfill operation is complete, before re-attempting the transfer. Data transfer cancelled (data invalid)—An attempt to transfer a single user waypoint during a unit-to-unit crossfill was cancelled. No waypoint was specified on the Crossfill page.
Degraded accuracy—GPS position accuracy has been degraded and RAIM is not available. Poor satellite geometry (or coverage) has resulted in a horizontal DOP greater than 4.0. Additional cross-checking using another navigation source is required to verify the integrity of the GPS position. Display backlight failure—The GPS 500 has detected a failure in the display backlighting. The unit should be taken to your Garmin dealer for service.
10- Messages, Abbreviations & Nav Terms Invalid FPL modification—An attempt was made to modify the final course segment (FAF to MAP) of an instrument approach. The GPS 500 does not allow the modifications. Invalid waypoint ident—An attempt was made to create a user waypoint with an invalid name. The GPS 500 does not allow spaces between characters in the waypoint name. MAIN processor requires service—The GPS 500 has detected a failure in the main system processor.
installation and installation settings. When this message occurs, no pilot action is required if enough satellites are available for a 3D position fix (provided no RAIM warnings are present). However, if only a 2D position fix is possible, the pilot should maintain the GPS altitude within 1,000 feet of pressure altitude—by entering the altitude on the Position page. No basemap data available—The GPS 500 has detected a failure in the built-in basemap (land data) memory.
10- Messages, Abbreviations & Nav Terms RAIM not available from FAF to MAP waypoints—When performing an instrument approach, Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) has determined that sufficient GPS satellite coverage DOES NOT exist to meet the required protection limits. Select an alternate source for navigation guidance, such as an external VOR/ILS receiver.
10- Messages, Unit configuration has changed—The GPS 500 has detected a Abbreviations & failure (during initial power up) in its system configuration. Some Nav Terms system components may be unusable. Try cycling power off and back on. If the message persists, contact your Garmin dealer for assistance. User card format unknown—A data card has been inserted, but the format of the card is not recognized. Waypoint already exists—The name you have entered for a user waypoint already exists in memory.
10- Messages, Abbreviations & Nav Terms Abbreviations The following is a list of abbreviations used on the GPS 500 and their meanings: ACTV— ALT— APR— APT— ARSPC— ARTCC— Active Altitude Approach Airport Airspace Air Route Traffic Control Center ARVL— Arrival AUX— Auxiliary AVGAS— Aviation-grade Gasoline AVTN— Aviation BARO— BRG— Barometric Pressure Bearing To DP— DTK— Departure Procedure Desired Track °C— C/V— CAS— CDI— CLR— COM— CRSR— CTA— CTAF— Degree Celsius COM/VLOC Calibrated Airspeed Course D
G/S— gl— GPS— GS— Glideslope gallons Global Positioning System Ground Speed HDG— hg— HWY— Heading Inches of Mercury Highway ID— ig— ILS— IND— INT— INTEG— Identifier Imperial Gallons Instrument Landing System Indicated Intersection Integrity kg— kHz— km— kph— kt— Kilograms Kilohertz Kilometers Kilometers Per Hour Knots LAT/LON—Latitude/Longitude 145-157.
10- Messages, Abbreviations & Nav Terms RAD— RAIM— Radial Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring REF— Reference REQ— Required / Requirements RESTRICTD—Restricted RNG— Range RX— Receive Sml— SPD— SQ— SRFC— STAR— Small Speed Squelch Surface Standard Terminal Arrival Route SUA— SUSP— Special Use Airspace Suspend Waypoint Sequencing °T— TACAN— TAS— TAT— TEMP— TERM— TKE— TMA— TRANS— TRK— TRSA— twr— Degrees True Tactical Air Navigation True Airspeed Total Air Temperature Temperature Terminal Track Angle
10- Messages, Abbreviations & Nav Terms Navigation Terms The following navigation terms are used on the GPS 500: WPT 2 NORTH DTK DIS ALT(altitude)—Height above mean sea level (MSL). BRG(bearing)—The compass direction from your present position to a destination waypoint. CAS(calibrated airspeed)—Indicated airspeed corrected for instrument errors. CTS(course to steer)—The recommended direction to steer in order to reduce course error or stay on course.
10- Messages, Abbreviations & Nav Terms AL IC RT VE N IO AT G VI NA VER TIC LE CURRENT ALTITUDE AND POSITION FI O PR TIME AND DISTANCE TO PROFILE AL SPE ED RE QU IRE D TARGET ALTITUDE AND POSITION DISTANCE TO TARGET AIRPORT FDE(Fault Detection and Exclusion)—Detects the presence of an unacceptably large pseudorange error and excludes the source of such error without interrupting navigation. FF(fuel flow)—The fuel flow rate, expressed in fuel units per time (e.g., gallons per hour).
MSA(minimum safe altitude)—Uses Grid Minimum Off-route Altitudes (Grid MORAs) to determine a safe altitude within ten miles of your present position. Grid MORAs are one degree latitude by one degree longitude in size and clear all reference points within the grid by 1000 feet in areas where the highest reference point is 5000 feet MSL or lower. If the highest reference point is above 5000 feet, the clearance above the highest reference point is 2000 feet.
APPENDIX A NavData Card Use Appendix A: NavData Card Use The Jeppesen NavData® card supplied with your GPS 500 can be installed or removed when the GPS 500 is on or off. Insert the card with the swing arm handle on the left and the label facing up (see illustration at left). If the NavData card is not present when the unit is turned on, you will receive a “No Jeppesen Aviation Database - Limited to user defined waypoints” message on the Database Confirmation page.
Appendix B Appendix B: Specifications Specifications PHYSICAL Unit Size: Unit Weight: H 6.25 in (159 mm) x W 11.00 in (279 mm) x D 4.60 in (117 mm) 5.7 lb (2.6 kg), 7.2 lb (3.3 kg) installed POWER Input: 13.8/27.
APPENDIX C Map Datums Adindan Afgooye AIN EL ABD 1970 Anna 1 Astro 1965 ARC 1950 ARC 1960 Ascension Is 1958 Astro B4 Sorol Atoll Astro Beacon “E” Astro Dos 71/4 Astronomic Stn 1952 Australian Geod 1966 Australian Geod 1984 AUSTRIA NS BELGIUM 1950 Bellevue (IGN) Bermuda 1957 Bogota Observatory BUKIT RIMPAH Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal, Sudan Somalia Bahrain Island, Saudi Arabia Cocos Islands Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Swaziland, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe Kenya, Tanzania Ascension Island Tern Island Iwo Jima Isla
NAD27 Canada NAD27 Canal Zone NAD27 Caribbean NAD27 Centrl America NAD27 CONUS NAD27 Cuba NAD27 Greenland NAD27 Mexico NAD27 San Salvadr Is NAD83 Nahrwan Masirah Is Nahrwan Saudi Arabia Nahrwan Unitd Arab E Naparima BWI Netherland TRIAG ‘21 NOU TRIAG France NOU TRIAG Luxembourg Observatorio 1966 Old Egyptian Old Hawaiian Kauai Old Hawaiian Maui Old Hawaiian MEAN Old Hawaiian Oahu Canada (including Newfoundland Island) Canal Zone Caribbean (Barbados, Caicos Islands, Cuba, Dom. Rep., Grd.
Appendix D Troubleshooting Q & A Appendix D: Troubleshooting Q & A This Appendix is designed to answer some of the common questions regarding the capabilities and operation of the GPS 500. If you have a problem operating the unit, read through this appendix and refer to the reference section noted. If you don’t find answers to your particular question here, use the index to find the appropriate section elsewhere in this manual.
Why aren’t there any approaches available for my flight plan? Approaches are available for the final destination airport in a flight plan or as a direct-to (keep in mind that some VOR/VORTAC identifiers are similar to airport identifiers). If a destination airport does not have a published approach, the GPS 500 indicates “NONE” for the available procedures—as listed on the Airport Approach page. For more information on selecting an approach, see page 55.
Appendix D Troubleshooting Q & A What does the OBS key do and when do I use it? The OBS key is used to select manual (OBS mode) or automatic sequencing of waypoints. Activating OBS mode (as indicated by an annunciation directly above the OBS key) holds your current ‘active to’ waypoint as your navigation reference and prevents the GPS from sequencing to the next waypoint.
When should I use the OBS key to return to auto sequencing, and what happens when I do? The most common application for using the OBS key is the missed approach. The GPS 500 suspends automatic waypoint sequencing (indicated by a “SUSP” annunciation directly above the OBS key; see left) when you cross the missed approach point (MAP). This prevents the GPS 500 from automatically sequencing to the missed approach holding point (MAHP).
Appendix D Troubleshooting Q & A When does the CDI scale change, and what does it change to? The GPS 500 begins a smooth CDI scale transition from the 5.0-nm (en route mode) to the 1.0-nm (terminal mode) scale, 30 nm away from the destination airport (see left). The CDI scale further transitions to 0.3 nm (approach mode) at 2 nm prior to the FAF during an active approach. If you are in a missed approach situation and wish to return the CDI to the 1.
What is the correct missed approach procedure? How do I select the missed approach holding point? To comply with TSO specifications, the GPS 500 does not automatically sequence past the MAP. The active-to waypoint sequences to the first waypoint in the missed approach procedure, whenever the OBS key is pressed AFTER crossing the MAP. All published missed approach procedures must be followed, as indicated on the approach plate.
Appendix E Index A Abbreviations ........................................ 152-154 Accessories .......................................................iii Activating a flight plan ................ 19, 45, 48-52 Activating a flight plan leg....................... 49, 54 Activating an approach ..................... 60, 61, 62 Active flight plan............. 11, 19, 40, 45, 48-52 Active flight plan editing .............................. 53 Active flight plan options ........................
Deleting flight plans ......................... 46, 48, 50 Deleting user waypoints ........................ 98-100 Density Alt / TAS / Winds ...................115, 118 Departure time ............................................. 125 Departures ........................ 14, 51-52, 55, 88-89 Departure Procedures (DP) ........................... 55 Departures, Selecting ..................................... 51 Desired track (DTK) .............................. 23, 155 Dilution of Precision (DOP) ..............
Appendix E Index Installation .......................................................iii Installing NavData card ............................... 158 INTEG annunciation ...................... 7, 123, 162 INTEG annunciator ..................................... 162 Interfaces....................................................... 159 Intersection page ............................... 11, 76, 90 Inverting flight plans ........................ 45, 47, 49 K Key & Knob Functions .................................
Procedure turn symbol .................................. 22 PROC (procedures) page ............. 11, 14, 55-75 PUSH CRSR knob ............................................ 2 R RAIM prediction 122, 123, 127, 129, 143, 162 RAIM protection ........................................... 144 RAIM troubleshooting .................................. 162 Registration ......................................................iii Removal of NavData card............................. 158 Removing approaches ....................
Appendix E Index Waypoints, user ................................ 93-99, 107 Weather broadcasts .................................. 91, 92 Weather data (clearing) ................................. 31 Web site, Garmin ............................................. i Wind vector (on map) ............................. 29, 30 Winds aloft ........................... 113, 114-115, 118 WPT (waypoint) page group ....... 9, 11, 76-100 Vertical speed required (VSR) ...... 23, 139, 141 VNAV (vertical navigation) key .
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