G1000 TM primary flight display pilot’s guide for Mooney M20M & M20R
Record of Revisions Revision Date of Revision Revision Page Range A 10/18/04 3-1 – 3-49 Description Initial release. Garmin G1000 PFD Pilot’s Guide for Mooney M20M & M20R 190-00443-00 Rev.
INTRODUCTION 3.1 INTRODUCTION This Pilot’s Guide describes the major features of the Primary Flight Display (PFD) on the G1000 Integrated Cockpit System installed on the Mooney aircraft. The system consists of two 10.4 inch color flat panel displays. During normal operation, the left display is configured as a Primary Flight Display.
INTRODUCTION 1 18 17 16 15 14 2 13 12 3 11 4 10 9 5 6 8 7 1 NAV Frequency Window 10 Turn Rate Indicator 2 Airspeed Indicator 11 Barometric Setting Box 3 True Airspeed Box 12 Vertical Speed Indicator 4 Heading Box 13 Altimeter 5 Horizontal Situation Indicator 14 Altitude Reference Box 6 Outside Air Temperature Box 15 COM Frequency Window 7 Softkeys 16 Navigation Status Bar 8 System Time Box 17 Slip/Skid Indicator 9 Transponder Status Bar 18 Attitude Indicator
INTRODUCTION 10 1 9 8 2 7 3 6 5 4 1 Traffic Annunciation 6 Alerts Window 2 Selected Heading Box 7 Selected Course Box 3 Inset Map 8 Annunciation Window 4 BRG1 Information Window 9 Vertical Deviation/Glideslope Indicator 5 BRG2 Information Window 10 Marker Beacon Annunciation Figure 3.1.2 Additional PFD Information 190-00443-00 Rev.
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BACKLIGHTING 3.2 BACKLIGHTING The backlighting of both the display and the keys can be adjusted for the PFD and MFD. The backlighting intensity ranges from 0.14% to 100.00%. Two modes exist for adjustment: • Auto – The G1000 adjusts the backlighting automatically with reference to the amount of light in the cockpit (default setting). • Manual – Allows the pilot to manually adjust the backlighting. NOTE: Except in reversionary mode, the backlighting can only be adjusted from the PFD.
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SOFTKEYS 3.3 SOFTKEY FUNCTION When a softkey is turned on, its color changes to black text on gray background and remains this way until it is turned off, at which time it changes to white text on black background. The CDI, IDENT, TMR/REF, NRST and ALERTS softkeys change momentarily to black text on gray background and automatically switch back to white text on black background. Figure 3.3.1 Softkey On Figure 3.3.
SOFTKEYS CDI – Press to change navigation mode on the CDI between GPS, NAV1 and NAV2. OBS – Press to select OBS mode on the CDI when navigating by GPS. XPDR – Press to display the transponder mode selection softkeys. STBY – Press to select standby mode. ON – Press to select Mode A. ALT – Press to select altitude mode (Mode C). VFR – Press to automatically enter the VFR code (1200 in the U.S.A. only). CODE – Press to display transponder code selection softkeys 0-7. 0 through 7 – Press numbers to enter code.
SOFTKEYS INSET OFF DCLTR DCLTR-1 TRAFFIC TOPO TERRAIN LTNG BACK ALERTS Press the BACK or OFF softkey to return to the top level softkeys DCLTR-2 DCLTR-3 Figure 3.3.3 PFD Softkey Flow Chart – 1 PFD METRIC DFLTS BRG1 360 HSI ARC HSI BRG2 STD BARO BACK ALERTS Press the DFLTS softkey to change the PFD metric values to standard Press the STD BARO or BACK softkeys to return to the top level softkeys Figure 3.3.4 PFD Softkey Flow Chart – 2 190-00443-00 Rev.
SOFTKEYS XPDR CDI OBS TMR/REF IDENT ALERTS NRST CDI (NAV1) Press the BACK softkey to return to the top level softkeys CDI (NAV2) ALT ON STBY VFR CODE IDENT BACK ALERTS Press the IDENT softkey to return to the top level softkeys 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 IDENT BKSP BACK ALERTS Figure 3.3.5 PFD Softkey Flow Chart – 3 3-10 Garmin G1000 PFD Pilot’s Guide for Mooney M20M & M20R 190-00443-00 Rev.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 3.4 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AIRSPEED INDICATOR The Airspeed indicator displays airspeed on a rolling number gauge using a moving tape. The following information is also displayed: • • • • Speed indication Speed ranges Airspeed trend vector Vspeed references Vspeed References Vspeeds are set using the TMR/REF softkey. Vr, Vx, Vy and Glide are shown on the References window.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ATTITUDE INDICATOR Pitch Indication The attitude information is displayed over a virtual blue sky and brown ground with a white horizon line. The aircraft wing tips are represented by two yellow bars on the horizon line. The yellow inverted “V” represents the aircraft. The Attitude indicator displays the following information: Major pitch marks and numeric labels at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 degrees are shown above and below the horizon line.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Roll Indication Major tick marks at 30 and 60 degrees and minor tick marks at 10, 20 and 45 degrees are shown to the left and right on the roll scale. The inverted white triangle indicates 0 on the roll scale. Angle of bank is indicated by the position of the roll pointer on the roll scale. NOTE: Supplemental flight data such as the Inset Map, Alerts and Annunciation window disappear from the PFD when pitch is greater than +30˚ and less than -20˚ or when a 65˚ bank angle is reached.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ALTIMETER Altitude Reference Bug The Altimeter displays barometric altitude values in feet on a rolling number gauge using a moving tape. The Altimeter displays the following information: The Altitude Reference Bug is displayed at the reference altitude or the edge of the tape (whichever is closer to the current altitude) to provide increased altitude awareness.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Altitude Alerting The altitude alerter provides the pilot with a visual alert when approaching the reference altitude. Although flight control systems use the same reference altitude box as the altitude alerter does, the altitude alerter is not coupled to a flight control system and can function without one. The visual annunciations appear in the altitude reference box. Anytime the reference altitude is changed, the altitude alerter is reset.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Metric Display Vertical Deviation/Glideslope Indicator Reference and current altitude can be displayed in meters. The barometric pressure may also be displayed in hectopascals. The Vertical Deviation/Glideslope Indicator is a window on the left side of the Altimeter. The window appears when an ILS is tuned in the active NAV field (and selected on the audio panel).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS VERTICAL SPEED INDICATOR The Vertical Speed Indicator displays the aircraft vertical speed with numeric labels and tick marks at 1,000 ft and 2,000 ft in each direction on the non-moving tape. Minor tick marks are at intervals of 500 ft. Vertical Speed Pointer The Vertical Speed Pointer displays the current vertical speed and points to that speed on the non-moving tape.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HORIZONTAL SITUATION INDICATOR The Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) displays a rotating compass card with letters at the cardinal points and numeric labels every 30 degrees. Major tick marks are at 10 degree intervals and minor tick marks are at 5 degree intervals. The HSI is displayed in a heading-up orientation. The HSI compass can be displayed as a 360° rose or a 140° arc by pressing the PFD softkey, followed by the 360 HSI or the ARC HSI softkey.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ARC HSI Heading Indication The Arc HSI is a 140˚ expanded section of the compass rose. The Arc contains a course pointer arrow, a TO/ FROM indicator, a sliding deviation indicator (the TO/ FROM and sliding deviation indicators are one and the same), and deviation scale. Upon station passage, the TO/ FROM indicator flips and points to the tail of the aircraft just like the conventional TO/FROM flag.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Turn Rate Indicator Course Deviation Indicator The Turn Rate Indicator resides directly above the rotating compass card. Each tick mark is at 9 (half standard rate) and 18 (standard rate) degrees to the left and right of the lubber line. A wide magenta line displays the current turn rate up to 24 degrees. A magenta arrowhead appears at 25 degrees and disappears at 24 degrees.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Bearing Pointers and Information Windows There are two bearing pointers available, one or two can be displayed on the HSI. Pressing the PFD softkey provides access to the BRG1 and BRG2 softkeys. BRG1 pointer is a single cyan (light blue) line with an open arrowhead at the end. BRG2 pointer is a double cyan (light blue) line with an open arrowhead at the end. The bearing pointers never override the CDI.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Navigation Source The HSI can display two sources of navigation, GPS or NAV (VOR, localizer, and glideslope). In GPS mode the flight plan legs are sequenced automatically. Enabling OBS mode suspends auto sequencing of waypoints, but retains the current “active-to” waypoint as the navigation reference even after passing the waypoint. When OBS is disabled, the GPS returns to normal operation, with automatic sequencing of waypoints.
CNS 3.5 COMMUNICATION, NAVIGATION & SURVEILLANCE COMMUNICATION FREQUENCY WINDOW The Communication Frequency window provides the control and display of dual VHF Radio Communication Transceivers (COM1 and COM2). The Communication Frequency window displays the following information: • COM1 and COM2 active and standby frequencies • Color-coded indication of the active COM transceiver NOTE: Operating procedures for the Communication Frequency window are located in the VHF NAV/COM Pilot’s Guide.
CNS NAVIGATION STATUS BAR The Navigation Status bar resides at the top of the PFD and displays valuable information while flying a route. The following information is displayed: • • • • • The next waypoint in the active flight plan Distance to the next waypoint (DIS) Desired track to the next waypoint (DTK) Current track angle (TRK) GPS Navigation Annunciations NOTE: The fields in the PFD Navigation Status bar cannot be changed.
CNS TRANSPONDER STATUS BAR The Transponder Status bar displays the transponder code, reply symbol, and mode of operation. TIS (Traffic Information System) surveillance data up-linked by Air Traffic Control (ATC) radar through the GTX33 Mode S Transponder appears on the Inset Map (PFD), Navigation and Traffic Map Pages on the MFD (refer to the Multi Function Display Pilot’s Guide). If the transponder is configured with Automated Airborne Determination, normal operation begins when lift-off is sensed.
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SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA 3.6 SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA OUTSIDE AIR TEMPERATURE BOX The outside air temperature (OAT) is displayed in °C. On the AUX System Setup Page of the MFD OAT can be configured to display °F instead of °C (refer to the Multi Function Display Pilot’s Guide). Figure 3.6.1 Outside Air Temperature Box SYSTEM TIME BOX The System Time Box displays the local time. Time and date is obtained from the satellites and cannot be changed. The pilot may select the desired time format and offset.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA INSET MAP The Inset Map is a smaller version of the Navigation Map Page on the MFD. It appears in the lower left corner of the PFD and is displayed by pressing the INSET softkey. The map disappears from the PFD anytime pitch is greater than +30° and less than –20°, or when a 65° bank angle is reached. The direct-to function is not available from the Inset Map. The fuel reserve rings are enabled and disabled from the MFD only.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA To change the zoom range: 1. Turn the joystick clockwise to increase or counterclockwise to decrease the range. Zoom ranges from 500 feet to 2,000 nautical miles. To change the declutter level: 1. Press the INSET softkey. Press the DCLTR softkey to remove background map details until the desired amount of detail is depicted. The declutter level appears above the softkey (i.e., DCLTR-1). Refer to the Multi Function Display Pilot’s Guide for more details.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA To enable/disable lightning data (optional): 1. Press the INSET softkey. Press the LTNG softkey to display WX-500 Stormscope data on the map within a 200 nm radius of the aircraft. A lightning bolt icon appears above the map range on the map. 2. Press the LTNG softkey again to remove lightning data from the map. NOTE: Refer to the Multi Function Display Pilot’s Guide for more details about lightning data.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA WORKING WITH MENUS AUXILIARY WINDOW KEYS Much of the G1000 operation is accomplished using a menu interface. The G1000 has a bezel-mounted dedicated MENU key that, when pressed, displays a context-sensitive list of options. This option list allows the pilot to access additional features or make setting changes which specifically relate to the currently displayed window. There is no all-encompassing menu.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA AUXILIARY WINDOWS The lower right area of the PFD is a shared area that, at any one time, can present the following windows: • • • • • TIMER/REFERENCES NEAREST DIRECT-TO FLIGHT PLAN PROCEDURES Generic Timer The Generic Timer contains hours, minutes and seconds fields, timer direction (count UP or DOWN), and timer status START, STOP or RESET. To change the Generic Timer: 1. Press the TMR/REF softkey, then turn the large FMS knob to select the time field (hh/mm/ss).
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA Vspeeds and Vspeed Bug Status Vspeed values for the aircraft can be found in the Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM). The Vspeeds can be changed and the Vspeed bug can be turned ON or OFF. NOTE: Default settings are automatically restored when power is cycled. Nearest Airports Window The Nearest Airports window is enabled and disabled by pressing the NRST softkey. The Nearest Airports window displays the 25 nearest airports with the following information: Figure 3.6.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA To view information about an airport: 1. Press the NRST softkey to display a list of the Nearest Airports. 2. Turn the FMS knob to select the desired airport and press the ENT key. 3. The airport information is displayed with ‘BACK’ highlighted at the bottom of the window. When finished viewing the airport information, press the ENT key to return to the nearest airports list. To activate a Direct-to from the Airport Information window: 1.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA To select a Direct-to by identifier: 1. Press the Direct-to key, then turn the FMS knobs to select the desired waypoint identifier. Press the ENT key to confirm the selection. Press the ENT key again to activate the direct-to. Figure 3.6.11 Direct-to Window NOTE: When entering an all-letter/alphabetical airport identifier (only in the USA), the pilot must precede it with the letter “K” (KMCI). If the airport identifier is alpha-numeric, simply enter the three-digit identifier (51K).
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA To cancel a Direct-to: 1. Press the Direct-to key, then press the MENU key to display the Direct-to Options menu. 2. Press the ENT key to cancel direct-to navigation. If a flight plan is still active, the G1000 resumes navigating the flight plan along the closest leg. Figure 3.6.12 Cancel Direct-To NAV Flight Plan Window The Flight Plan window is enabled and disabled by pressing the FPL key. Flight plans can be created, edited and activated from the PFD.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA Create New Flight Plan New flight plans can be created on the PFD and MFD. The system can store up to 99 flight plans with up to 31 waypoints in each flight plan. To create a new flight plan: 1. 2. 3. 4. Press the FPL key, then press the FMS knob to activate the cursor. The waypoint field is now highlighted. Turn the small FMS knob to activate the Waypoint Information window. Turn the FMS knobs to enter the identifier of the airport/waypoint and press the ENT key.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA Invert Flight Plan Invert Flight Plan reverses the active flight plan. After traveling along a flight plan, the pilot may wish to reverse the route for navigation back to the original departure point. To activate an existing flight plan in reverse: 1. From the Flight Plan window, press the MENU key to display the page menu options. 2. Turn the FMS knob to highlight ‘Invert Flight Plan’, then press the ENT key. The flight plan is now reversed and activated. Figure 3.6.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA Load Departure Load departure allows the pilot to select a published standard instrument departure (SID) for the departure airport, or replace the current departure with a new selection. When using a direct-to, the G1000 uses the nearest airport as a reference when displaying available departures. NOTE: The PROC key can also be used to load a departure, an approach, or an arrival. To select a departure for the departure airport: 1.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA Load Arrival Load Arrival allows the pilot to select a published standard terminal arrival route (STAR) for the destination airport, or replace a current arrival with a new selection. NOTE: The PROC key can also be used to load a departure, an approach, or an arrival. To select an arrival for a direct-to or flight plan destination airport: 1. From the Flight Plan window, press the MENU key to display the page menu options. 2.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA Remove Departure Remove Departure deletes the current standard instrument departure (SID) from the active flight plan. Remove Arrival Remove Arrival deletes the current standard terminal arrival route (STAR) from the active flight plan. Closest Point of FPL Closest Point of FPL calculates the bearing and closest distance at which a flight plan passes from a reference waypoint.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA Change Fields Restore Defaults Change Fields allows the pilot to select the desired data items to be displayed on the Flight Plan window. The user-selectable data fields can be changed to display the following information: • • • • • • Cumulative Distance (CUM) Distance (DIS) Desired Track (DTK) Enroute Safe Altitude (ESA) Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA) Estimated Time Enroute (ETE) Restore Defaults restores all data fields to the factory default settings.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA Select Approach Select Approach allows the pilot to choose a published instrument approach for the destination airport, or replace the current approach with a new selection. NOTE: The pilot may also select an approach, an arrival and a departure by pressing the MENU key. NOTE: ‘LOAD’ adds the approach to the flight plan without immediately using the approach for navigation guidance.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA Select Arrival Select Arrival allows the pilot to choose a published standard terminal arrival route (STAR) for the destination airport, or replace a current arrival with a new selection. NOTE: The pilot may also select an approach, arrival and departure by pressing the MENU key. To select an arrival for a direct-to or flight plan destination airport: 1. From an active flight plan, press the PROC key to display the Procedures options window. 2.
SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA Select Departure Select Departure allows the pilot to choose a published standard instrument departure (SID) for the departure airport, or replace the current departure with a new selection. When using a direct-to, the G1000 uses the nearest airport as a reference when displaying available departures. NOTE: The pilot may also select an approach, an arrival and a departure by pressing the MENU key. To select a departure for the departure airport: 1.
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REVERSIONARY MODE 3.7 REVERSIONARY MODE The PFD is designed to enter reversionary (backup) mode based on automatic fault monitoring and detection, internal switching. Reversionary mode can also be activated by manually pressing a dedicated DISPLAY BACKUP button at the bottom of the Audio Panel (refer to Audio Panel Pilot’s Guide).
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ALERTS & ANNUNCIATIONS 3.8 ALERTS AND ANNUNCIATIONS ALERTS WINDOW Alerts appear in the Alerts window in the lower right corner of the PFD. The term “Alerts” is an encompassing term in that it includes advisories, cautions and warnings. This window allows system alerts to be displayed simultaneously. The Alerts window is enabled and disabled by pressing the ALERTS softkey. A flashing “ADVISORY” softkey annunciation (no aural tone) is used to alert the pilot of any message advisories.
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