Cessna Citation Mustang
Copyright © 2006 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved. This manual reflects the operation of System Software version 0435.07 or later for the Cessna Citation Mustang. Some differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software versions. Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062, U.S.A. Tel: 913/397.8200 Fax: 913/397.8282 Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Road SE, Salem, OR 97302, U.S.A. Tel: 503/391.
LIMITED WARRANTY LIMITED WARRANTY This Garmin product is warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for two years from the date of purchase. Within this period, Garmin will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts and labor, provided that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES WARNING: Navigation and terrain separation must NOT be predicated upon the use of the terrain function. The G1000 Terrain Proximity feature is NOT intended to be used as a primary reference for terrain avoidance and does not relieve the pilot from the responsibility of being aware of surroundings during flight.
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES WARNING: For safety reasons, G1000 operational procedures must be learned on the ground. WARNING: The United States government operates the Global Positioning System and is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The GPS system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. Portions of the Garmin G1000 utilize GPS as a precision electronic NAVigation AID (NAVAID).
REVISION INFORMATION Record of Revisions Part Number 190-00494-00 iv Revision Date A October, 2006 B November, 2006 Page Range i through I-6 4-7, 4-16, 4-34 5-108 through 5-126 7-33 through 7-45 Description Production release Added ‘SQ’ and ‘RX’ annunciations. Added transponder code entry using the FMS Knob. Added flying an example flight plan to the GPS Navigation section. Udated AFCS examples to be consistent with the example flight plan in GPS Navigation section.
TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW System Description ..............................................1-1 Line Replaceable Units (LRU) ..............................1-2 G1000 Controls.....................................................1-7 PFD Controls .............................................................1-7 Controls Associated With the MFD ..............................1-9 AFCS Controls ..................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS Entering a Transponder Code ....................................4-34 IDENT Function .......................................................4-35 Flight ID Reporting ..................................................4-36 4.5 Additional Audio Panel Functions ....................4-37 Power-Up and Fail-Safe Operation .............................4-37 Mono/Stereo Headsets .............................................4-37 Speaker ..................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS Descent ..................................................................7-38 Approach ................................................................7-42 Go Around/Missed Approach ....................................7-44 Setting Up Weather on the Weather Data Link Page ....6-26 Setting Up XM WX Satellite Weather .........................6-28 6.2 Airborne Color Weather Radar .........................6-29 System Description ..................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS Glossary...........................................................................C-1 Frequently Asked Questions .........................................D-1 General TIS Information ................................................ E-1 Introduction .............................................................. E-1 TIS vs. TAS/TCAS ........................................................ E-1 TIS Limitations .......................................................... E-1 Display Symbols .....
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SECTION 1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION This section provides an overview of the G1000 Integrated Flight Deck as installed in the Cessna Citation Mustang. The G1000 system is an integrated flight control system that presents flight instrumentation, position, navigation, communication, and identification information to the pilot through large-format displays.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.2 LINE REPLACEABLE UNITS (LRU) • GDU 1040A (2) – Each unit is configured as a PFD that features a 10.4-inch LCD with 1024 x 768 resolution. The unit installed on the left/pilot side is designated as PFD1, and the one installed on the right/copilot side is designated as PFD2. These units communicate with each other, the MFD, and with the on-side GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Unit through a High-Speed Data Bus (HSDB) connection.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GDC 74B (2) – Processes data from the pitot/static system as well as the OAT probe. This unit provides pressure altitude, airspeed, vertical speed and OAT information to the G1000 system, and it communicates with the on-side GIA 63W, on-side GDU 1040A and on-side GRS 77, using an ARINC 429 digital interface (it also interfaces directly with the on-side GTP 59). The GDC 74B is designed to operate in Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (RVSM) airspace.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GMA 1347D (2) – Integrates NAV/COM digital audio, intercom system and marker beacon controls, and is installed in dual configuration on the outboard side of PFD1 and PFD2. This unit also enables the manual control of the display reversionary mode (red DISPLAY BACKUP button) and communicates with the on-side GIA 63W, using an RS-232 digital interface. • GTX 33 (1) and GTX 33D (1) – Solid-state transponders that provide Modes A, C and S capability.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GCU 475 (1) – Provides the Flight Management System (FMS) controls for the MFD through an RS-232 digital interface. • GMC 710 (1) – Provides the controls for the GFC 700 AFCS through an RS-232 digital interface allowing communication with both PFDs. • GTP 59 (2) – Provides Outside Air Temperature (OAT) data to the on-side GDC 74B.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW GMC 710 GWX 68 GDU 1040A (PFD #1) GDL 69A GCU 475 GDU 1040A (PFD #2) GDU 1500 (MFD) GMA 1347D #1 � GMA 1347D #2 GMU 44 #1 GMU 44 #2 GRS 77 #1 GRS 77 #2 GIA 63W #1 GIA 63W #2 ������� ����������� �������� ��� GDC 74B #1 ��������������� ��������������� ���������������� GTP 59 #1 GDC 74B #2 ������� ����������� �������� ��� GTP 59 #2 ��������������� ��������������� ���������������� GSA 81 (Pitch Trim) GSA 81 (Pitch) GSA 80 GTX 33D (Roll) GTX 33 GSA 80 (Yaw) GEA 71 #1 GEA 7
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.3 G1000 CONTROLS NOTE: The Audio Panel (GMA 1347D) and AFCS controls (GMC 710) are described in the CNS & Audio Panel and AFCS sections respectively. The G1000 system controls are located on the PFD and MFD bezels, MFD Control Unit, AFCS Control Unit and audio panel. The controls for the PFD and MFD are discussed within the following pages of this section. PFD CONTROLS 1 2 4 3 5 6 7 8 Figure 1-2 PFD Controls 9 13 10 14 11 15 12 190-00494-00 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW The following list provides an overview of the controls located on the PFD bezel (see Figure 1-2). 1-8 1 NAV VOL/ID Knob – Controls NAV audio volume level. Press to toggle the Morse code identifier audio ON and OFF. Volume level is shown in the NAV frequency field as a percentage. 2 NAV Frequency Transfer Key – Toggles the standby and active NAV frequencies. 3 Dual NAV Knob – Tunes the standby frequencies for the NAV receiver (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW CONTROLS ASSOCIATED WITH THE MFD The controls for the MFD (GDU 1500) are located on both the MFD bezel and the MFD Control Unit (GCU 475). The bottom portion of the MFD bezel features 12 softkeys that are designed to perform various functions depending upon the specific page being displayed. These softkeys are discussed throughout the Pilot’s Guide documentation.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5 PROC Key – Gives access to IFR departure procedures (DPs), arrival procedures (STARs) and approach procedures (IAPs) for a flight plan. If a flight plan is used, available procedures for the departure and/or arrival airport are automatically suggested. Theses procedures can then be loaded into the active flight plan. If a flight plan is not used, both the desired airport and the desired procedure may be selected. 6 Joystick – Changes the map range when rotated.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1 HDG Key – Selects/deselects Heading Select Mode. 2 APR Key – Selects/deselects Approach Mode. 3 NAV Key – Selects/deselects Navigation Mode. 4 FD Key – Activates/deactivates the flight director in the default pitch and roll modes. If the autopilot is engaged, the FD Key is disabled. 5 XFR Key – Switches the autopilot between the pilot-side and the copilot-side flight directors.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ADDITIONAL AFCS CONTROLS The AP DISC (Autopilot Disconnect) Switch, CWS (Control Wheel Steering) Button, GO AROUND Switch, and MEPT (Manual Electric Pitch Trim) Switch are additional AFCS controls and are located in the cockpit, separately from the AFCS Control Unit. These are discussed in detail in the AFCS section.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 3 COM2 MIC – Selects the #2 transmitter for transmitting. COM2 is simultaneously selected when this key is pressed allowing received audio from the #2 COM receiver to be heard. COM2 can be deselected by pressing the COM2 Key, or COM1 can be added by pressing the COM1 Key. 4 COM2 – When selected, audio from the #2 COM receiver can be heard. 5 COM3 MIC – Not used on the Cessna Citation Mustang. 6 COM3 – Not used on the Cessna Citation Mustang.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.4 SECURE DIGITAL CARDS NOTE: Refer to the Appendices for instructions on updating the aviation database. NOTE: Ensure that the G1000 system is powered off before inserting the SC card. The GDU 1040A and GDU 1500 data card slots use Secure Digital (SD) cards and are located on the top right portion of the display bezels. Each display bezel is equipped with two SD card slots. SD cards are used for aviation database and system software updates as well as terrain database storage.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW The G1000 system is integrated with the aircraft electrical system and receives power directly from electrical busses. The G1000 PFDs, MFD and supporting sub-systems include both power-on and continuous built-in test features that exercise the processor, RAM, ROM, external inputs and outputs to provide safe operation. During system initialization, test annunciations are displayed, as shown in Figure 1-7. All system annunciations should disappear typically within one minute of power-up.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.6 SYSTEM OPERATION The displays are connected together via a single Ethernet bus, thus allowing for high-speed communication. As shown in Figure 1-1, each GIA 63W is connected to the on-side PFD. This section discusses the normal and reversionary modes of operation as well as the various AHRS modes of the G1000 system. In the event of display failure, the display modes are as follows: • PFD1 failure – MFD enters reversionary mode; PFD2 remains in normal mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Figure 1-10 Reversionary Mode (Manual) Reversionary mode is entered based upon automatic fault monitoring and detection internal switching. This mode can also be activated manually by pressing the dedicated DISPLAY BACKUP button at the bottom of the audio panel (see Figure 1-11 and refer to the Audio Panel section for further details). Pressing this button again deactivates reversionary mode.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW In addition to using internal sensors, the GRS 77 AHRS uses GPS information, magnetic field data and air data to assist in attitude/heading calculations. In normal mode, the AHRS relies upon GPS and magnetic field measurements. If either of these external measurements is unavailable or invalid, the AHRS uses air data information for attitude determination. Four AHRS modes of operation are available (see Figure 1-13) and depend upon the combination of available sensor inputs.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AIR DATA INPUT FAILURE A failure of the air data input has no effect on AHRS output while AHRS is operating in normal mode. A failure of the air data input while the AHRS is operating in reversionary No-GPS mode results in invalid attitude and heading information on the PFD (as indicated by red “X” flags). MAGNETOMETER FAILURE If the magnetometer input fails, the AHRS transitions to one of the reversionary No-Magnetometer modes and continues to output valid attitude information.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SOFTKEY FUNCTION The softkeys are located along the bottoms of the displays. The softkeys shown depend on the softkey level or page being displayed. The bezel keys below the softkeys can be used to select the appropriate softkey. When a softkey is selected, its color changes to black text on gray background and remains this way until it is turned off, at which time it reverts to white text on black background. In the following descriptions, top level softkeys are denoted by bullets.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Displays softkeys for selecting the #1 and #2 AHRS and Air Data Computers Selects the #1 Air Data Computer Selects the #2 Air Data Computer Selects the #1 AHRS Selects the #2 AHRS Displays second-level softkeys for additional PFD configurations Displays the softkeys for selecting the two flight director formats SENSOR ADC1 ADC2 AHRS1 AHRS2 PFD FD FRMT SNGL CUE Selects the single cue flight director format X POINTR Selects the cross pointer flight director format DFLTS Resets PFD to default se
SYSTEM OVERVIEW ON ALT GND VFR CODE 0—7 BKSP IDENT TMR/REF NRST MSG Selects Mode A (transponder replies to interrogations) Selects Mode C – altitude reporting mode (transponder replies to identification and altitude interrogations) Manually selects Ground Mode, the transponder does not allow Mode A and Mode C replies, but it does permit acquisition squitter and replies to discretely addressed Mode S interrogations Automatically enters the VFR code (1200 in the U.S.A.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SENSOR ADC1 ADC2 AHRS1 BACK AHRS2 MSG Press the BACK Softkey to return to the top level softkeys. Figure 1-18 SENSOR Softkeys ALT UNIT FD FRMT Select the STD BARO or BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys METERS IN HPA SNGL CUE X POINTR Figure 1-19 PFD Configuration Softkeys 190-00494-00 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW MSG Press the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. MSG Press the IDENT or BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW CAS ↑ CAS ↓ DCLTR MAP (optional) (optional) SHW CHRT CHKLIST DCLTR-1 DCLTR-2 DCLTR-3 TRAFFIC TERRAIN TOPO AIRWAYS Select the BACK Softkey on this level to return to the top softkey level. (optional) (optional) NEXRAD XM LTNG BACK (Default softkey is dependant on AIRWY ON the selection made in the map setup AIRWY LO options) AIRWAY HI Figure 1-21 MFD Softkeys GPS RECEIVER OPERATION Each GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Unit (IAU) contains a GPS receiver.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Selecting the GPS receiver for which data may be reviewed 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - GPS Status Page. 2) To change the selected GPS receiver: a) Press the desired GPS Softkey. OR: a) Press the MENU Key. b) Use the FMS Knob to highlight the receiver which is not selected and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • Satellite signal information status The accuracy of the aircraft’s GPS fix is calculated using Estimated Position Uncertainty (EPU), Dilution of Precision (DOP), and horizontal and vertical figures of merit (HFOM and VFOM). EPU is the radius of a circle centered on an estimated horizontal position in which actual position has 95% probability of laying. EPU is a statistical error indication and not an actual error measurement. DOP measures satellite geometry quality (i.e.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Predicting RAIM availability 1) Select the GPS Status Page. 2) If necessary, select the RAIM Softkey. 3) Press the FMS Knob. The ‘WAYPOINT’ field is highlighted. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the Waypoint Information Window. 5) Enter the desired waypoint: a) Use the FMS Knob to enter the desired waypoint by identifier, facility, or city name and press the ENT Key. Refer to Section 1.7 for instructions on entering alphanumeric data into the G1000.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • GPS Satellite Signal Strengths The GPS Status Page can be helpful in troubleshooting weak (or missing) signal levels due to poor satellite coverage or installation problems. As the GPS receiver locks onto satellites, a signal strength bar is displayed for each satellite in view, with the appropriate satellite PRN number (01-32 or 120-138 for WAAS) below each bar.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW MFD PAGE GROUPS NOTE: Refer to the GPS Navigation, Hazard Avoidance, and Additional Features sections for details on specific pages. The page group and active page title box are displayed in the upper center of the screen, below the Navigation Status Box. Page Group Active Page Title Figure 1-24 Page Title Box In the bottom right corner of the screen, the current page group, number of pages available in the group, and placement of the current page within the group are indicated.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Map Pages (MAP) Navigation Map Traffic Map Weather Radar Weather Data Link (service optional) Terrain Proximity or TAWS Figure 1-26 Map Pages Waypoint Pages (WPT) Airport Information pages - Airport Information (INFO Softkey) - Departure Information (DP Softkey) - Arrival Information (STAR Softkey) - Approach Information (APR Softkey) - Weather Information (WX Softkey) Intersection Information NDB Information VOR Information Airport Information Pages User Waypoint Information Figure 1-27
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Auxiliary Pages (AUX) Weight Planning Trip Planning Utility GPS Status System Setup XM Satellite pages XM Satellite Pages - XM Information (INFO Softkey) - XM Radio (RADIO Softkey) System Status Figure 1-28 Auxiliary Pages Nearest Pages (NRST) Nearest Airports Nearest Intersections Nearest NDB Nearest VOR Nearest User Waypoints Nearest Frequencies Nearest Airspaces Figure 1-29 Nearest Pages 1-32 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW In addition to the main page groups accessed exclusively using the FMS Knobs, there are pages for flight planning (FPL) and loading procedures (PROC) which are accessed by bezel key. In some instances, softkeys may be used to access the Procedure Pages. The Flight Plan Pages are accessed using the FPL Key on the MFD. Main pages within this group are selected by turning the small FMS Knob.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW The Procedure pages may be accessed at any time on the MFD by pressing the PROC Key. A menu is initialized, and when a departure, approach, or arrival is selected, the appropriate Procedure Loading Page is opened. Turning the FMS Knob does not scroll through the Procedure pages (note the single page icon in the lower right corner).
SYSTEM OVERVIEW MFD SYSTEM PAGES In the Auxiliary (AUX) Page Group, there are two system pages: System Setup (page 5 of 6) and System Status (page 6 of 6). The System Setup Page allows management of various system parameters, while the System Status Page displays the status of all G1000 system LRUs.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Setting the system time format 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the time format field in the Date/Time Box. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired system time format (local 12hr, local 24hr, UTC) and press the ENT Key. Setting the current time offset 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW • Weight (pounds, kilograms) Affects aircraft weights on the Weight Planning Page. • Position (HDDD°MM.MM’, HDDD°MM’SS.S”) Affects all position displays. Changing the NAV ANGLE setting 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the NAV ANGLE field in the Display Units Box. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select ‘MAGNETIC’ or ‘TRUE’. 4) Press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW AUDIO ALERTS The Audio Alert Box on the System Setup Page allows the audio alert voice to be set to male or female. Changing the audio alert voice 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the voice in the Audio Alert Box. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to display and highlight the desired voice and press the ENT Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW The GPS CDI Box on the System Setup Page displays the following: • Selected CDI range (auto, 5 nm, 1 nm, 0.3 nm) • Current system CDI range (5 nm, 1 nm, 0.3 nm) Changing the CDI range 1) While on the System Setup Page, press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the selected field in the GPS CDI Box. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to display and scroll through the range list and press the ENT Key when the desired selection is highlighted.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW SYSTEM STATUS PAGE The System Status Page displays the status and software version numbers for all detected system LRUs. Pertinent information on all system databases is also displayed. Active LRUs are indicated by green check marks and failed LRUs are indicated by red “X”s. Failed LRUs should be noted and a Cessna service center or Garmin dealer informed.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW UTILITY PAGE For flight planning purposes, timers, trip statistics, and a scheduler feature are provided on the AUX - Utility Page. The timers available include a stopwatch-like generic timer, a total time in flight timer, and a record of the time of departure. Trip statistics—odometer, trip odometer, and average trip and maximum groundspeeds—are displayed from the time of the last reset.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 5) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘START?’ and press the ENT Key to start the timer. The field changes to ‘STOP?’. 6) To stop the timer, press the ENT Key with ‘STOP?’ highlighted. The field changes to ‘RESET?’. 7) To reset the timer, press the ENT Key with ‘RESET?’ highlighted. The field changes back to ‘START?’ and the digits are reset.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Resetting trip statistics readouts 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - Utility Page. 2) Press the MENU Key.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Deleting a scheduler message 1) Use the FMS Knob to select the AUX - Utility Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob momentarily to activate the flashing cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the name field of the scheduler message to be deleted. 4) Press the CLR Key to clear the message text. If the CLR Key is pressed again, the message is restored. 5) Press the ENT Key to confirm message deletion. Scheduler messages appear in the Messages Window on the PFD.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW 1.8 DISPLAY BACKLIGHTING The G1000 display and control backlighting can be adjusted either automatically or manually. Backlighting intensity ranges from 0.22% to 100% on the PFDs and 0.80% to 100.00% on the MFD. AUTOMATIC ADJUSTMENT The existing instrument panel dimmer bus normally controls the PFD and MFD backlighting as well as the PFD and MFD bezels, MFD Control Unit, AFCS Control Unit and audio panel key annunciator lighting.
SYSTEM OVERVIEW Adjust key backlighting manually 1) Press the MENU Key on the PFD to display the PFD Setup Menu Window. ‘AUTO’ becomes highlighted to the right of ‘PFD1 DSPL’. Figure 1-37 Manual Key Lighting Adjustment 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘PFD1 DSPL’. Turn the small FMS Knob in the direction of the green arrowhead to display ‘PFD1 KEY’. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘AUTO’ and turn the small FMS Knob to display the selection box.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SECTION 2 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.1 INTRODUCTION WARNING: In the event that the airspeed, attitude, altitude, or heading indications become unusable, refer to the backup instruments. NOTE: The Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS) provides additional readouts and bugs on selected flight instruments. Refer to the AFCS Section for details on these bugs and readouts, as they appear on the display during certain AFCS flight director modes.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 24 23 22 21 20 1 19 18 2 17 16 3 15 4 14 5 13 6 12 7 11 9 8 10 1 NAV Frequency Box 13 Selected Heading Bug 2 Airspeed Indicator 14 Turn Rate Indicator 3 Mach Number 15 Barometric Altimeter Setting 4 Current Heading 16 Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) 5 Current Track Bug 17 Selected Altitude Bug 6 Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) 18 Altimeter 7 Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) 19 Selected Altitude 8 Ram Air Temperature (RAT) 20 COM Frequency
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 17 16 15 14 1 13 12 2 11 3 10 4 9 5 8 6 7 1 Traffic Annunciation 10 Selected Course 2 Flap Speed Reference 11 Required Vertical Speed 3 Selected Heading 12 Current Vertical Speed 4 Wind Data 13 Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI) 5 Inset Map 14 Comparator Window 6 DME Information Window 15 VNV Target Altitude 7 Bearing Information Windows 16 Marker Beacon Annunciation 8 Timer/References Window 17 AFCS Status Annunciation 9 Barometric Minimum Descen
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.2 FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS AIRSPEED INDICATOR NOTE: Refer to the Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) for speed criteria. The Airspeed Indicator displays airspeed on a rolling number gauge using a moving tape. The numeric labels and major tick marks on the moving tape are marked at intervals of 10 knots, while minor tick marks on the moving tape are indicated at intervals of 5 knots. Speed indication starts at 20 knots, with 60 knots of airspeed viewable at any time.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS VSPEED REFERENCES NOTE: Refer to the AFM for Vspeed values. NOTE: VREF cannot be set above the indicated value for VAPR. Landing Takeoff Vspeeds can be changed and their flags turned on/off from the Timer/References Window. When active (on), the Vspeeds are displayed at their respective locations to the right of the airspeed scale. By default, all Vspeed values are reset and all flags turned off when power is cycled.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Modifying Vspeeds (on, off, restore defaults): 1) Press the TMR/REF Softkey. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) Turn the FMS Knob to highlight the desired selection. 4) Press the ENT Key. 5) To remove the window, press the CLR Key or the TMR/REF Softkey.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ATTITUDE INDICATOR Attitude information is displayed over a virtual blue sky and brown ground with a white horizon line. The Attitude Indicator displays the pitch, roll, and slip/skid information.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS PITCH INDICATION The horizon line is part of the pitch scale. Above and below the horizon line, major pitch marks and numeric labels are shown for every 10˚, up to 80˚. Minor pitch marks are shown for intervening 5˚ increments, up to 25˚ below and 45˚ above the horizon line. Between 20˚ below to 20˚ above the horizon line, minor pitch marks occur every 2.5˚. Red extreme pitch warning chevrons pointing toward the horizon are displayed, starting at 50˚ above and 30˚ below the horizon line.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ALTIMETER The Altimeter displays 600 feet of barometric altitude values at a time on a rolling number gauge using a moving tape. Numeric labels and major tick marks are shown at intervals of 100 feet. Minor tick marks are at intervals of 20 feet. The current altitude is displayed in the black pointer.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS SELECTED ALTITUDE NOTE: See the AFCS Section for more information about how the G1000 uses the Selected Altitude. The Selected Altitude is displayed above the Altimeter in the box indicated by a selection bug symbol. A bug corresponding to this altitude is shown on the tape; if the Selected Altitude exceeds the range shown on the tape, the bug appears at the corresponding edge of the tape. The metric value, when selected, is displayed in a separate box above the Selected Altitude.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If the barometric altimeter settings differ between PFDs by more than 0.02 in Hg, the readouts turn yellow (Figure 2-12). The settings can be synchronized from the PFD Setup Menu. Once the settings are synchronized (BARO SYNC turned on), they remain synchronized for the entire flight. Synchronization is not reset (turned off) until the power is cycled. Synchronizing the altimeter barometric pressure settings: 1) Press the MENU Key to display the PFD Setup Menu.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS VERTICAL DEVIATION/GLIDESLOPE/GLIDEPATH INDICATORS The Vertical Deviation Indicator (VDI; Figure 2-16) uses a magenta chevron to indicate the baro-VNV vertical deviation when Vertical Navigation (VNV) is being used; the VDI appears in conjunction with the “TOD within 1 minute” alert. The VDI is removed from the display if vertical deviation becomes invalid. See the GPS Navigation and AFCS sections for details on VNV features, and refer to Section 2.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS HORIZONTAL SITUATION INDICATOR (HSI) The Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) displays a rotating compass card in a heading-up orientation. Letters indicate the cardinal points and numeric labels occur every 30˚. Major tick marks are at 10˚ intervals and minor tick marks at 5˚ intervals. The HSI presents heading, turn rate, course deviation, bearing, and navigation source information in a 360˚ compass-rose format.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The Selected Course is shown to the upper right of the HSI and is adjusted for each PFD with the corresponding CRS Knob. Pressing the CRS Knob re-centers the CDI and returns the course pointer to the bearing of the active waypoint or navigation station (see OBS Mode for adjusting a GPS course). The color of the Selected Course corresponds to the selected navigation source: magenta for GPS or green for NAV (VOR, LOC).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS TURN RATE INDICATOR The Turn Rate Indicator is located directly above the rotating compass card. Tick marks to the left and right of the lubber line denote half-standard and standard turn rates. A magenta Turn Rate Trend Vector shows the current turn rate. The end of the trend vector gives the heading predicted in 6 seconds, based on the present turn rate.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Changing navigation sources (Figure 2-26): 1) Press the CDI Softkey to change from GPS to VOR1 or LOC1. This places the light blue tuning box over the NAV1 standby frequency in the upper left corner of the PFD. 2) Press the CDI Softkey again to change from VOR1 or LOC1 to VOR2 or LOC2. This places the light blue tuning box over the NAV2 standby frequency. 3) Press the CDI Softkey a third time to return to GPS.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS The annunciations listed in Table 2-2 can appear on the HSI when abnormal GPS conditions occur; see Figure 2-27 for example annunciations. Refer to the GPS Navigation Section for more information on Dead Reckoning Mode.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS Enabling/disabling OBS Mode while navigating a GPS flight plan: 1) Press the OBS Softkey to select OBS Mode. 2) Turn a CRS Knob to select the desired course to/from the waypoint. Press a CRS Knob to synchronize the Selected Course with the bearing to the next waypoint. 3) Press the OBS Softkey again to return to automatic waypoint sequencing.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS COURSE DEVIATION INDICATOR (CDI) NOTE: The GPS CDI is removed from the display when operating in Dead Reckoning Mode. The Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) moves left or right from the course pointer along a lateral deviation scale to display aircraft position relative to the course. If the course deviation data is not valid, the CDI is not displayed. The CDI has the same angular limits as a mechanical CDI when coupled to a VOR or localizer (LOC).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS If the selected scaling is smaller than the automatic setting for enroute and terminal phases, the CDI is scaled accordingly and the selected setting is be displayed rather than the flight phase annunciation. Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) protection limits follow the selected CDI scale and corresponding flight phases.
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���� ��� ��� ������������������������������������ ������ ������ ����������� ����������� ����������� ������������ ���� ������������������������� ������ ��������� ��������� ������ ����������������������������������������� ����������������������������� ������ ������������������������� FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ������� ��������� ������������������������������������ Figure 2-33 Typical LNAV and LNAV+V Approach CDI Scaling Figure 2-34 Typical LNAV/VNAV and LPV Approach CDI Scaling The CDIs on both PF
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS BEARING POINTERS AND INFORMATION WINDOWS NOTE: Refer to the Audio Panel and CNS Section for information on tuning the radios. NOTE: Distances in the Bearing Information windows and GPS bearing pointers turn yellow when operating in Dead Reckoning Mode. Two bearing pointers and associated information can be displayed on the HSI by pressing the PFD Softkey then a BRG Softkey. Use the BRG Softkey to cycle through bearing sources (NAV, GPS, ADF).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS DME INFORMATION WINDOW NOTE: Refer to the Audio Panel and CNS Section for information on tuning the radios. The DME Information Window (labeled ‘DME’; see Figure 2-36) is displayed above the BRG1 Information Window and shows the tuning mode (NAV1, NAV2, or HOLD), frequency, and actual DME distance. When a signal is invalid, the distance is replaced by “–.– – NM”. Displaying the DME Information Window: 1) Press the PFD Softkey.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.3 SUPPLEMENTAL FLIGHT DATA NOTE: Pressing the DFLTS Softkey (a second-level PFD softkey) turns off metric Altimeter display, the Inset Map, and wind data. Some displayed information disappears when pitch exceeds +30˚/-20˚ or bank exceeds 65˚. The Altimeter and Airspeed, Attitude, Vertical Speed, and Horizontal Situation indicators remain on the display and the Bearing Information, Comparator, and Reversionary Sensor windows can be displayed during such situations.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS TIMER/REFERENCES WINDOW The Timer/References Window is enabled/disabled by pressing the TMR/REF Softkey and provides access to the following settings: • Generic timer • Vspeed values and flags (see Airspeed Indicator discussion) • Barometric minimum descent altitude (MDA, DH; see Section 2.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS DESTINATION ELEVATION The destination elevation can be set in the Timer/References Window. This is the only user input the pressurization controller requires. Refer to the EICAS Section for more information on cabin pressurization. Setting the destination elevation: 1) Press the TMR/REF Softkey. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the ‘DEST ELV’ field. 3) Use the small FMS Knob to enter the destination elevation (in 10-ft increments from -1,000 to 14,000 feet).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS WIND DATA NOTE: Wind data is calculated based on GPS information and should be verified when operating in Dead Reckoning Mode. When Dead Reckoning Mode is active, wind information is shown in yellow. Wind direction and speed (relative to the aircraft) can be displayed in a window to the upper left of the HSI. When the window is selected for display, but wind information is invalid or unavailable, the window shows “NO WIND DATA”.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS VERTICAL NAVIGATION (VNV) INDICATIONS When a VNV flight plan has been activated, VNV indications (VNV Target Altitude, RSVI, VDI) appear on the PFD in conjunction with the “TOD within 1 minute” message (Figure 2-42) and “Vertical track” voice alert. See the GPS Navigation and AFCS sections for details on VNV features. VNV indications are removed from the PFD according to the criteria listed in Table 2-4.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS 2.4 PFD ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTING FUNCTIONS The following annunciations and alerting functions are displayed on the PFD. Refer to Appendix A for more information on alerts and annunciations. SYSTEM MESSAGES WINDOW The System Messages Window conveys messages to the flight crew regarding problems with the G1000 System. When a new message is issued, the MSG Softkey flashes to alert the flight crew.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS MARKER BEACON ANNUNCIATIONS Marker Beacon Annunciations are displayed on the PFD to the left of the Selected Altitude. Outer marker reception is indicated in blue, middle in amber, and inner in white. Refer to the Audio Panel and CNS Section for more information on Marker Beacon Annunciations.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS BAROMETRIC MINIMUM DESCENT ALTITUDE ALERTING For altitude awareness, a barometric minimum descent altitude (MDA, or Decision Height, DH) can be set in the Timer/References Window. The MDA may be set from either PFD and is synchronized on both PFDs. When active, the MDA is displayed to the lower left of the Altimeter (in a box labeled ‘BARO MIN’; see Figure 2-47) and on the altitude tape with a bug (once the altitude is within the range of the tape).
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS ALTITUDE ALERTING The Altitude Alerting function provides visual and audio alerts when approaching the Selected Altitude. Whenever the Selected Altitude is changed, Altitude Alerting is reset. Altitude Alerting is based on the altitude information shown on the PFD selected with the XFR Key on the AFCS Control Unit. Altitude Alerting is independent of the AFCS.
FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS BLANK PAGE 2-34 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
EICAS SECTION 3 ENGINE INDICATION AND CREW ALERTING SYSTEM (EICAS) NOTE: Refer to the Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) for limitations. The Cessna Citation Mustang’s Engine Indication and Crew Alerting System (EICAS) offers improved flight operations and reduces crew workload by automatically monitoring critical system parameters and providing system alerts during all phases of flight.
EICAS In the event of a display failure, depending on the failed display(s), the remaining display(s) may be reconfigured to present Primary Flight Display (PFD) symbology together with EICAS information (refer to the System Overview for more information about reversionary mode). In reversionary mode, the data is pared down to a single column on any display. The N1, N2, and ITT indicators are presented in the same way, but all other parameters are shown as readouts only.
EICAS 3.1 ENGINE INDICATION SYSTEM (EIS) 5 1 1 6 2 5 7 3 8 6 2 3 4 7 9 8 10 10 Figure 3-3 EICAS Display (Normal Mode) 190-00494-00 Rev. B Figure 3-4 EIS Display (Reversionary Mode) 1 Engine Fan Rotation Speed 6 Engine High Pressure Turbine Rotation Speed 2 Oil Pressure and Temperature 7 Electrical Display 3 Fuel Display 8 Pressurization Display 4 CAS Display (refer to Section 3.
EICAS EIS information is presented using horizontal and vertical bar indicators and digital readouts. Green ranges on the instrument scales indicate normal ranges of operation; yellow and red bands indicate caution and warning, respectively. During normal operating conditions, an instrument’s pointer appears in white or green and readout text is green. Refer to each instrument description for additional details on display behavior.
EICAS OIL PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE The oil pressure and temperature for each engine are shown below the N1 display under normal display operating conditions. Oil pressure is shown in pounds per square inch (psi) and temperature in degrees Celsius (°C). When oil pressure and temperature are in the normal operating range, no readout is provided. When an abnormal operating condition occurs, the readouts appear in the corresponding color. In reversionary mode, only the readouts are shown.
EICAS ELECTRICAL DISPLAY Voltage and current for the direct current (DC) generators and battery are obtained directly from the electrical system buses. Generator voltages and currents are normally shown along color-coded scales, with readouts below. Battery voltage and current are displayed as readouts. In reversionary mode, battery current is not shown.
EICAS The destination elevation (from -1,000 to 14,000 feet) entered in the PFD Timer/References Window (Figure 3-13) is displayed below the cabin altitude readings. This value is retained by the G1000 on power-down. Setting the destination elevation: 1) Press the TMR/REF Softkey. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the ‘DEST ELV’ field. 3) Use the small FMS Knob to enter the destination elevation (in 10-ft increments from -1,000 to 14,000 feet).
EICAS 3.2 CREW ALERTING SYSTEM (CAS) NOTE: Aural alerts associated with abnormal conditions and advisories are managed through the audio panels. Refer to the Audio Panel and CNS Section for more information. The Crew Alerting System (CAS) Display is located in the lower left corner of the EICAS Display (on the MFD) under normal display conditions. Up to 14 messages can be displayed; when more than 14 messages accumulate, the scrolling CAS softkeys become available.
EICAS Warning Caution Advisory Description AFT DOOR AFT JBOX CB L-R* AFT JBOX LMT L-R* ANTISKID FAIL BATTERY O’TEMP BATTERY O’TEMP BATT TEMP FAIL CABIN ALT CABIN ALT CABIN ALT CABIN DOOR CHECK DOORS DUCT O’HEAT L-R* ENG A/I COLD L-R* ENG A/I COLD L-R* ENG CTRL SYS L-R* F/W SHUTOFF L-R* FLAPS FAIL GROUND ESI TOPI AIR LOPI ESDI EMER Inhibits Messages Tailcone baggage door not fully secured Start control circuit breaker (located in aft j-box) tripped Current limiter blown (located in aft j-box) Antisk
EICAS Since red and yellow CAS messages indicate the immediate or future need for corrective action, two momentary buttons are located above each PFD for CAS message acknowledgment: Master Warning and Master Caution. When a new red CAS warning message appears, it flashes in conjunction with the Master Warning Indicator. Pressing a Master Warning Indicator acknowledges all flashing red messages, extinguishes the master warning lights, and stops the message flashing.
EICAS CAS DISPLAY INHIBITS Inhibits prevent certain CAS messages from being displayed during the following conditions: • Aircraft on ground (GROUND) • Aircraft in air (AIR) • Emergency bus power (EMER) • Landing (LOPI) • Engine start (Engine Start Inhibit, ESI) • Engine shutdown (Engine Shutdown Inhibit, ESDI) • Takeoff (TOPI) Inhibits affecting each CAS message are indicated with an “X” under the corresponding inhibit column in Table 3-2.
EICAS BLANK PAGE 3-12 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SECTION 4 AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.1 OVERVIEW The Communication/Navigation/Surveillance (CNS) system includes the Audio Panels, communication radios, navigation radios, and Mode S transponders. The System Overview Section provides a block diagram description of the Audio Panels and CNS system interconnection.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS PFD CONTROLS AND FREQUENCY DISPLAY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Figure 4-1 PFD Controls, COM/NAV Frequency Tuning Boxes, and ADF/DME Tuning Window 4-2 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 1 NAV VOL/ID Knob – Controls NAV audio volume level. Press to turn the Morse code identifier audio on and off. Volume level is shown in the NAV frequency field as a percentage. 2 NAV Frequency Transfer Key – Transfers the standby and active NAV frequencies. 3 NAV Knob – Tunes the standby frequencies for the NAV receiver (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz). Press to move the tuning box (light blue box) and Frequency Transfer Arrow between NAV1 and NAV2.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUDIO PANEL CONTROLS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Figure 4-2 Audio Panel Controls (GMA 1347D) NOTE: When a key is selected, a triangular annunciator above the key is illuminated. 4-4 1 COM1 MIC – Selects the #1 transmitter for transmitting. COM1 receive is simultaneously selected when this key is pressed allowing received audio from the #1 COM receiver to be heard. COM2 receive can be added by pressing the COM2 Key.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 6 COM3 – Not used in the Cessna Citation Mustang. 7 PA – Selects the passenger address system. The selected COM transmitter is deselected when the PA Key is pressed. 8 TEL – Not used in the Cessna Citation Mustang. 9 MUSIC – Not used in the Cessna Citation Mustang. 10 SPKR – Selects and deselects the flight deck speaker. COM and NAV receiver audio will be heard on the speaker. 11 MKR/MUTE – Selects marker beacon receiver audio.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.2 COM OPERATION COM TRANSCEIVER SELECTION AND ACTIVATION NOTE: During PA Mode, the COM MIC Annunciator is extinguished and the COM active frequency color changes to white, indicating that neither COM transmitter is active. NOTE: When turning on the G1000 for use, the system remembers the last frequencies used and the active COM transceiver state prior to shutdown.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS TRANSMIT/RECEIVE INDICATIONS During COM transmission, a white ‘TX’ appears by the active COM frequency replacing the Frequency Transfer Arrow. On the Audio Panel, when the active COM is transmitting, the active transceiver COM MIC Key Annunciator flashes approximately once per second. During COM signal reception, a white ‘RX’ appears by the active COM frequency replacing the Frequency Transfer Arrow.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS COM TRANSCEIVER MANUAL TUNING The COM frequency controls and frequency boxes are on the right side of each PFD. Manually tuning a COM frequency: 1) Turn the COM Knob to tune the desired frequency in the COM Tuning Box (large knob for MHz; small knob for kHz). 2) Press the Frequency Transfer Key to transfer the frequency to the active field. 3) Adjust the volume level with the COM VOL/SQ Knob. 4) Press the COM VOL/SQ Knob to turn automatic squelch on and off.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS COM TUNING FAILURE In case of a COM system tuning failure, the emergency frequency (121.500 MHz) is automatically tuned in the radio in which the tuning failure occurred. Emergency Channel Loaded Automatically Figure 4-8 COM Tuning Failure QUICK-TUNING AND ACTIVATING 121.500 MHZ Pressing and holding the COM Frequency Transfer Key for two seconds automatically loads the emergency COM frequency (121.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING THE COM FREQUENCY COM frequencies can be automatically tuned from the following: • NRST – Nearest (ARTCC, FSS, WX) Frequencies • Nearest Airports Window (PFD) Page • WPT – Airport Information Page • NRST – Nearest Airspaces Page • NRST – Nearest Airports Page AUTO-TUNING FROM THE PFD COM frequencies for the nearest airports can be automatically tuned from the Nearest Airports Window on the PFD. When the desired frequency is entered, it becomes a standby frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING FROM THE MFD Frequencies can be automatically loaded into the COM Frequency Box from pages in the NRST or WPT page group by highlighting the frequency and pressing the ENT Key (Figures 4-11, 4-12, and 4-13). Auto-tuning a COM frequency from the WPT and NRST Pages: 1) From any page that the COM frequency can be auto-tuned, activate the cursor by pressing the FMS Knob or selecting the appropriate softkey.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS OR: 5) Press the MENU Key on the GCU 475 (Figure 4-11) to display the PAGE MENU (Figure 4-12). 6) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu. 7) Press the ENT Key to place the cursor on the desired selection. 8) Scroll through the frequency selections with the FMS Knob or the ENT Key. 9) Press the ENT Key to load the COM frequency into the standby field of the selected COM radio.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS On the WPT - Airport Information page, the cursor can be placed on the frequency field by pressing the FMS Knob and scrolling through the list. The frequency is transferred to the COM Standby Field with the ENT Key. Selected Airport Identifier and Information Runway Information Press ENT Key to load frequency into PFD1 COM Standby Field. Cursor then advances to the next frequency. Figure 4-13 WPT – Airport Information Page 190-00494-00 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS COM frequencies can also be auto-tuned from the NRST – Nearest Airspaces, NRST – Nearest Frequencies, and NRST – Nearest Airports Pages on the MFD in a similar manner using the appropriate softkeys or MENU Key, the FMS Knob, and the ENT Key. Figure 4-14 NRST – Nearest Airspaces, NRST – Nearest Airports, and NRST – Nearest Frequencies Pages 4-14 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS FREQUENCY SPACING The G1000 COM radios can tune either 25 kHz spacing (118.000 to 136.975 MHz) or 8.33 kHz spacing (118.000 to 136.990 MHz) for 760-channel or 3040-channel configuration. When 8.33 kHz channel spacing is selected, all of the 25 kHz channel spacing frequencies are also available in the complete 3040-channel list. COM channel spacing is set on the System Setup Page of the AUX Page Group. 8.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTOMATIC SQUELCH Automatic Squelch quiets unwanted static noise when no audio signal is received, while still providing good sensitivity to weak COM signals. To disable Automatic Squelch, press the VOL/SQ Knob. When Automatic Squelch is disabled, COM audio reception is always on. Continuous static noise is heard over the headsets and speaker, if selected. Pressing the VOL/SQ Knob again enables Automatic Squelch.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.3 NAV OPERATION NAV RADIO SELECTION AND ACTIVATION The NAV Frequency Box is composed of four fields; two standby fields and two active fields. The active frequencies are on the right side and the standby frequencies are on the left. A NAV radio is selected for navigation by selecting the CDI Softkey located on the PFD. The active NAV frequency selected for navigation is displayed in green. Selecting the CDI Softkey once selects NAV1 as the navigation radio.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS NAV radios are selected for listening by pressing the corresponding keys on the Audio Panel. Pressing the NAV1, NAV2, ADF, or DME Key selects and deselects the navigation radio source. Selected audio can be heard over the headset and the speakers (if selected). All radios can be selected individually or simultaneously. Figure 4-20 Selecting a NAV Radio Receiver NAV RECEIVER MANUAL TUNING The NAV frequency controls and frequency boxes are on the left side of the PFDs.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SELECTING THE RADIO TO BE TUNED Press the small NAV Knob to transfer the frequency tuning box and Frequency Transfer Arrow between the upper and lower radio frequency fields. Press the NAV Knob to Switch the Tuning Box from One NAV Radio to the Other Figure 4-22 Switching NAV Tuning Boxes VOR/LOC ID When the Morse code Identifier audio is on for a NAV radio, a white ‘ID’ appears to the left of the active NAV frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING THE NAV FREQUENCY NAV frequencies can be selected and loaded from the following MFD pages: • NRST – Nearest VOR • WPT – Airport Information • WPT – VOR Information • NRST – Nearest (WX, VOR) Frequencies • NRST – Nearest Airports • NRST – Nearest Airspaces The MFD provides auto-tuning of NAV frequencies from waypoint and nearest pages. During enroute navigation, the NAV frequency is entered automatically into the NAV standby frequency field.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS OR: 6) Press the MENU Key on the GCU 475 (Figure 4-25) to display the PAGE MENU (Figure 4-26). 7) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu. 8) Press the ENT Key to place the cursor in the desired window. 9) Scroll through the frequency selections with the FMS Knob or the ENT Key. 10) Press the ENT Key to load the NAV frequency into the standby field of the selected NAV radio.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS In the example shown, the VOR list is selected with the VOR Softkey or from the PAGE MENU. The FMS Knob or ENT Key is used to scroll through the list. The cursor is placed on the frequency with the FREQ Softkey and loaded into the NAV Tuning Box with the ENT Key. Press the ENT Key to Load the Frequency into the NAV Standby Field.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS While enroute, NAV frequencies can also be auto-tuned from the NRST – Nearest Airports, WPT – Airport Information, WPT – VOR Information, and NRST – Nearest Frequencies Pages on the MFD in a similar manner using the appropriate softkeys or MENU Key, the FMS Knob, and the ENT Key. Figure 4-28 NRST – Nearest Frequencies, WPT – VOR Information, WPT – Airport Information, and NRST – Nearest Airports Pages 190-00494-00 Rev.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS AUTO-TUNING NAV FREQUENCIES ON APPROACH ACTIVATION NOTE: The primary NAV frequency is auto-tuned upon loading a VOR or ILS/Localizer approach. NOTE: When an ILS/LOC approach has been activated in GPS Mode, the system switches to NAV Mode as the final approach course is intercepted (within 15 nm of the FAF). See the GPS Navigation Section for details. NAV frequencies are automatically loaded into the NAV Frequency Box on approach activation, on both PFD1 and PFD2.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS MARKER BEACON RECEIVER NOTE: The marker beacon indicators operate independently of marker beacon audio and cannot be turned off. The marker beacon receiver is used as part of the ILS. The marker beacon receiver is always on and detects any marker beacon signals within the reception range of the aircraft. The receiver detects the three marker tones – outer, middle, and inner – and provides the marker beacon annunciations located to the left of the Altimeter on the PFD.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ADF/DME TUNING NOTE: When another auxiliary window is turned on, the ADF/DME Tuning Window is replaced on the PFD. The G1000 system tunes the ADF receiver (optional) and DME transceiver (standard). The ADF is tuned by entering the frequency in the ADF standby frequency field of the ADF/DME Tuning Window. (The softkey may be labeled ADF/DME or DME, depending on installed equipment.) The UHF DME frequency is tuned by pairing with a VHF NAV frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ADF TUNING ADF frequencies in the 190.0 kHz to 1799.5 kHz range are entered in the standby ADF frequency field of the ADF/DME Tuning Window. The G1000 System does not tune the ADF emergency frequency, 2182.0 kHz. Tuning an ADF frequency: 1) Select the ADF/DME Softkey to display the ADF/DME Tuning Window. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to place the selection cursor over the standby ADF frequency field. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to begin data entry and change each digit.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS SELECTING ADF RECEIVER MODE The following modes can be selected: • ANT (antenna) – The ADF bearing pointer parks on the HSI at 90 degrees. NDB audio can be heard by selecting the ADF Key on the Audio Panel. • ADF – The ADF pointer points to the relative bearing of the NDB station. NDB audio can be heard by selecting the ADF Key on the Audio Panel. • BFO (Beat Frequency Oscillator) – Provides an audible tone when a frequency is received.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS DME TUNING NOTE: When turning on the G1000 for use, the system remembers the last frequency used for DME tuning and the NAV1, NAV2, or HOLD state prior to shutdown. The DME transceiver is tuned by selecting NAV1, NAV2, or HOLD in the ADF/DME Tuning Window. DME Modes Figure 4-36 ADF/DME Tuning Window, DME Modes The following DME transceiver pairing can be selected: • NAV1 – Pairs the DME frequency from the selected NAV1 frequency.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.4 GTX 33/33D MODE S TRANSPONDERS The GTX 33 Mode S Transponder and GTX 33D Diversity Mode S Transponder provide Mode A, Mode C, and Mode S interrogation and reply capabilities. Diversity incorporates antennas mounted on the top and bottom of the aircraft for dependable operation while maneuvering.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ����� ����� �� ���� ��� ��� ��� ���� ����� ���� ����� ���� MSG Select the BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. � � � � � � � ����� � ���� ���� MSG Select the IDENT or BACK Softkey to return to the top-level softkeys. Figure 4-37 Transponder Softkeys (PFD) Selecting and activating Transponder 1 or Transponder 2: 1) Select the XPDR Softkey to display the Transponder Mode Selection Softkeys.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS GROUND MODE Ground Mode is normally selected automatically when the aircraft is on the ground. The transponder powers up in the last mode it was in when shut down. Ground Mode can be overridden by selecting any one of the Mode Selection Softkeys. A green GND indication and transponder code appear in the mode field of the Transponder Data Box.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ALTITUDE MODE (AUTOMATIC OR MANUAL) Altitude Mode is automatically selected when the aircraft becomes airborne. Altitude Mode may also be selected manually by selecting the ALT Softkey. If Altitude Mode is selected, a green ‘ALT’ indication and transponder code appear in the mode field of the Transponder Data Box, and all transponder replies requesting altitude information are provided with pressure altitude information.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS ENTERING A TRANSPONDER CODE Entering a transponder code with softkeys: 1) Select the XPDR Softkey to display the Transponder Mode Selection Softkeys. 2) Select the CODE Softkey to display the Transponder Code Selection Softkeys, for digit entry. 3) Select the digit softkeys to enter the code in the code field. When entering the code, the next softkey in sequence must be selected within 10 seconds, or the entry is cancelled and restored to the previous code.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS VFR CODE The VFR code can be entered either manually or by selecting the XPDR Softkey, then the VFR Softkey. When the VFR Softkey is selected, the pre-programmed VFR code is automatically displayed in the code field of the Transponder Data Box. The pre-programmed VFR Code is set at the factory to 1200. Selecting the VFR Softkey again restores the previous identification code. VFR Code Figure 4-45 VFR Code IDENT FUNCTION NOTE: In Standby Mode, the IDENT Softkey is inoperative.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS FLIGHT ID REPORTING The flight crew must enter the Flight ID before flight operation. The number is entered in the Timer/ References Window on the PFD. The Flight ID is not to exceed seven characters. No space is needed when entering Flight ID. When a Flight ID contains a space, the system automatically removes it upon completion of Flight ID entry. If configuration is set to “SAME AS TAIL” the aircraft tail number will always be displayed.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.5 ADDITIONAL AUDIO PANEL FUNCTIONS POWER-UP AND FAIL-SAFE OPERATION POWER-UP The Audio Panels perform a self-test during power-up. During the self-test all Audio Panel annunciator lights illuminate for approximately two seconds. Once the self-test is completed, most of the settings are restored to those in use before the unit was last turned off. The exceptions are the speaker and intercom, which are always selected during power up.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS UNMUTED INPUTS Stall, overspeed, and aural gear alerts are heard on the headset and speaker always, even when the speaker is off. All other alerts are always present on the headset and are on the speaker when the SPKR is selected. These warnings and the aircraft radios are not heard on the passenger headphones. INTERCOM Pressing the INTR COM Key on either Audio Panel selects and deselects the intercom on both Audio Panels. The annunciator is lit when the intercom is active.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS PA SYSTEM A passenger address system is provided by pressing the PA Key to deliver messages to the passengers. The message is heard by the other pilot on the headset only if the INTR COM Key is enabled. PA messages are one way from the flight deck to the passengers. A Push-to-talk (PTT) must be pressed to deliver PA announcements to the passengers over their headphones.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS CLEARANCE RECORDER AND PLAYER The Audio Panels contain a digital clearance recorder that records up to 2.5 minutes of the selected COM radio signal. Recorded COM audio is stored in separate memory blocks. Once 2.5 minutes of recording time have been reached, the recorder begins recording over the stored memory blocks, starting from the oldest block. Pressing the REC Key enables recording of audio from the COM radio selected for transmission.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS 4.6 AUDIO PANELS PREFLIGHT PROCEDURE NOTE: When the MAN SQ Key is pressed, the flight crew is now able to set the ICS squelch manually. If manual squelch is set to full open (SQ annunciated and the small knob turned counterclockwise) background noise will be heard in the ICS system as well as during COM transmissions. After powering up the G1000 system the following steps will aid the flight crew in maximizing the use of the Audio Panels as well as prevent flight crew induced issues.
AUDIO PANEL AND CNS NOTE: If the flight crew is using headsets that have a high/low switch or volume control knob, verify that the switch is in the high position and the volume control on the headsets are at max volume setting. On single-pilot flights, verify that all other headsets are not connected to avoid excess noise in the audio system. NOTE: Independent radio volume adjustments made using the PFD controls will affect only the audio output for each radio selected for adjustment.
GPS NAVIGATION SECTION 5 GPS NAVIGATION 5.1 INTRODUCTION This section of the Pilot’s Guide provides GPS and vertical navigation operating procedures for the G1000 installed in the Cessna Citation Mustang aircraft. This section assumes some prior knowledge of the other sections of the G1000 Pilot’s Guide, especially the “how-to” of entering data and MFD Page Groups. All screen displays in this section are for reference only and are subject to change.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.2 NAVIGATION MAP (MFD) WARNING: The basemap (land and water data) must not be used for navigation, only for situational awareness. Any basemap indication should be compared with other navigation sources. DEAD RECKONING NOTE: Dead Reckoning Mode will only function in Enroute (ENR) or Oceanic (OCN) phase of flight. In all other phases, an invalid GPS solution will produce a “NO GPS POSITION” annunciation on the map and the G1000 will stop navigating in GPS Mode.
GPS NAVIGATION DR Mode is inherently less accurate than the standard GPS/WAAS Mode due to the lack of satellite measurements needed to determine a position. Changes in wind speed and/or wind direction will compound the relative inaccuracy of DR Mode. Because of this degraded accuracy, the crew must maintain position awareness using other navigation equipment until GPS-derived position data is restored.
GPS NAVIGATION NAVIGATION MAP PAGE This section describes the MFD Navigation Map Page setup and operation which in most cases will be a “onetime” operation since the setup can be customized to accommodate the individual needs of the pilot.
GPS NAVIGATION • Track vector • Topography scale • Fuel range ring • Topography data NAVIGATION MAP SETUP Selecting the Navigation Map Page: 1) Select the Map Page Group. 2) Select the Navigation Map Page. The page group name and page title are displayed below the Navigation Status Box: MAP – NAVIGATION MAP. In addition to turning the FMS Knobs, the Navigation Map Page can be selected from any page by selecting and momentarily holding the CLR (DFLT MAP) Key.
GPS NAVIGATION NOTE: Refer to the appendices for a full description and interpretation of aviation map data. MAP GROUP Figure 5-6 Map Group Orientation There are four map orientation selections: North up, Track up, DTK up, and HDG up. The orientation default setting is ‘North Up’. • North up fixes the top of the map to a north heading. • Track up adjusts the top of the map display to the current ground track. • Desired Track Up (DTK up) fixes the top of the map display to the desired course.
GPS NAVIGATION Changing the map orientation: 1) With the Navigation Map Page displayed, select the MENU Key. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Select the ENT Key. The Map Setup Menu is displayed. 3) Select the ‘ORIENTATION’ field. Select the desired orientation and select the ENT Key. 4) Press the FMS Knob to return to the Navigation Map Page.
GPS NAVIGATION Auto Zoom Time Settings The minimum and maximum look forward times (configurable per airframe and on the Map Setup page for the ‘Map’ group) determines the minimum and maximum radial distances to display from the current aircraft position when in north up orientation or from the map center when in heading up, desired track up, or track up orientations based upon the aircraft’s ground speed.
GPS NAVIGATION When both the minimum and maximum look forward times are set to zero, the map adjusts to display between and including a default maximum map range of 2000 nm or 4000 km (depending on system units) and a default minimum map range of 1.5 nm or 3 km (depending on system units). A non-zero maximum look forward time setting less than the minimum look forward time setting is prevented.
GPS NAVIGATION Land Data The Navigation Map can display background land data (roads, lakes, borders, etc). The background land data can also be removed from the display (turned off). Enabling/disabling land data: 1) Select the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Select the ENT Key. The Map Setup Menu is displayed. 3) Select the ‘Map’ group. 4) Select the ENT Key. 4) Highlight the ‘LAND DATA’ field. 5) Select ‘On’ or ‘Off.’.
GPS NAVIGATION For example, if a user selects the 60 second track vector look-ahead time on the Map Setup page, the track vector displayed on the map is the length equivalent to 60 seconds from the current aircraft position along the current aircraft track. Enabling/disabling the track vector: 1) Select the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Select the ENT Key. The Map Setup Menu is displayed. 3) Select the ‘Map’ group. 4) Select the ENT Key.
GPS NAVIGATION Nav Range Ring Nav Range Ring Figure 5-8 Nav Range Ring The Nav Range Ring (Figure 5-8) shows the direction of travel (ground track) on a rotating compass card. The range of the Nav Ring is determined by the map range: 125 feet (500 feet map range) to 500 nm (2000 nm map range). Enabling/disabling the Nav Range Ring: 1) Select the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed. The cursor flashes on the ‘Map Setup’ option. 2) Select the ENT Key. The Map Setup Menu is displayed.
GPS NAVIGATION 4) Select the ENT Key. 3) Highlight the ‘TOPO DATA’ field. 4) Select ‘On’ or ‘Off’. 5) Highlight the range field. TOPO ranges are from Off to 2000 nm. 6) To change the TOPO range setting, turn the small FMS Knob to display the range list. 7) Select the desired range. 8) Select the ENT Key. Topo Scale The topo scale setting enables or disables the topography range box located in the lower right corner of the Navigation Map.
GPS NAVIGATION 10) Select the ENT Key. Press the FMS Knob to return to the Navigation Map Page. Obstacle Data Obstacles Figure 5-9 Obstacle Data Obstacle data can be enabled or disabled on the Navigation Map Page using the ‘OBSTACLE DATA’ setting. A data range can also be selected. The data range is the maximum map range that terrain data is displayed.
GPS NAVIGATION Fuel Range Ring (Fuel RNG) (RSV) The map can display a fuel range ring which shows the flight distance that the aircraft has remaining. A dashed green circle indicates the transition range to reserve fuel. A solid green circle indicates the range of all fuel, including the reserve fuel. If only reserve fuel remains, the range is indicated by a solid yellow circle. Enabling/disabling the fuel range ring and select a fuel range time: 1) Select the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed.
GPS NAVIGATION AVIATION GROUP Figure 5-10 Aviation Group • Active Flight Plan (ACTIVE FPL)- The active flight plan zoom range sets the maximum range at which the active flight plan magenta line is shown on the display (off - 2000 nm). • Active Flight Plan Waypoint (ACTIVE FPL WPT)- The active flight plan waypoint label size sets the size at which the active flight plan names appear on the display (none, small, medium, and large).
GPS NAVIGATION • Intersection, Non-Directional Beacon, and VOR Waypoints (INT WAYPOINT, NDB WAYPOINT, VOR WAYPOINT) - The INT, NDB, and VOR label size sets the maximum range at which the NAVAIDS names appear on the display.
GPS NAVIGATION 5) Select the desired aviation option. 6) Select the desired range (RNG). Select the ENT Key to accept the selected option. 7) Press the FMS Knob to return to the Navigation Map Page. AIRWAYS GROUP Figure 5-11 Airways Setup Options The Airways group manages the display of airways. See the airways section for more information on using the airways feature.
GPS NAVIGATION Airway Line Style The route of low altitude airways are drawn in gray (the same shade used for roads). Note that VFR sectional charts use light blue for low altitude airways – but on the G1000, that color has the potential to be confused with airspace boundaries. Figure 5-12 High Altitude Airways The route of high altitude airways are drawn in green. This color is used on Jeppesen charts where high altitude airways are shown on low altitude charts.
GPS NAVIGATION Note that the shade of green used for high altitude airways is darker than any shade used to render topographical detail such that it should stand out even when TOPO is selected. Figure 5-14 High Altitude Airways Shading Airways which are classified in the database as all altitude routes will be drawn as high altitude routes whenever both route types are selected for display at the same time. Otherwise, these routes will be drawn in the style (low or high) that has been selected for display.
GPS NAVIGATION LAND GROUP Figure 5-15 Land Group • Latitude/Longitude (LAT/LON) - The LAT/LON label size sets the size at which latitude/longitude labels appear on the display (none, small, medium, and large). The zoom range sets the maximum range at which LAT/LON waypoints appear on the display (off - 2000 nm).
GPS NAVIGATION • States and Provinces, Rivers and Lakes, and User Waypoints (STATE/PROV, RIVER/LAKE, USER WAYPOINT) - the label range sets the maximum range at which the three categories appear on the display. The zoom range sets the maximum range at which the three categories appear on the display: • STATE/PROV: off - 1500 nm • RIVER/LAKE off - 500 nm • USER WAYPOINT: off - 300 nm Selecting a land group item text size: 1) Select the MENU Key with the Navigation Map Page displayed.
GPS NAVIGATION NAVIGATION MAP OPERATIONS SELECTING A MAP RANGE Map Range Indicator Figure 5-16 Map Range Indicator The Navigation Map can be set to 28 different range settings from 500 feet to 2000 nautical miles. The current range is indicated in the lower right corner of the Navigation Map Page and represents the top-tobottom distance covered by the map. To change the map range turn the joystick counter-clockwise to zoom in, or clockwise to zoom out. 190-00494-00 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION DECLUTTERING THE MAP The Navigation Map can be quickly “decluttered” by repeatedly pressing the DCLTR Softkey or by using the Menu Option (Figure 5-17) until the desired detail is displayed. Declutter Option Figure 5-17 Map Declutter Option The declutter level is displayed in the DCLTR Softkey and next to the Menu Option. Note that during an instrument approach, automatic decluttering takes place. Table 5-1 lists the features that are turned off at each declutter level.
GPS NAVIGATION MAP PANNING Data Fields Map Arrow Figure 5-18 Map Panning Map panning (Figure 5-18) moves the map beyond its current limits without adjusting the map range. When the panning function is selected by pushing in the joystick, a map arrow flashes on the map display.
GPS NAVIGATION Creating user waypoints from the Navigation Map Page: 1) With the Navigation Map Page displayed, push the JOYSTICK to activate the panning function. The map arrow is displayed at the present aircraft position. 2) After placing the map arrow at the desired position, select the ENT Key. The User Waypoint Information Page is displayed with the captured position. 3) Enter a waypoint name. 4) Select the ENT Key to accept the selected name. The first reference waypoint field is highlighted.
GPS NAVIGATION DISPLAYING TOPOGRAPHIC DATA ON THE MAP Maximum elevation of topography presently displayed onscreen Minimum elevation of topography presently displayed onscreen Aircraft altitude Range of topography elevation presently displayed on-screen Ground elevation at present aircraft position Figure 5-19 Topography Scale The Navigation Map displays various shades of topography land colors representing the rise and fall of land elevation similar to aviation sectional charts (Figure 5-19).
GPS NAVIGATION GPS NAVIGATION STATUS BOX NOTE: The coloration of primary, GPS-derived data is yellow when in dead reckoning mode. These primary fields include the NAV Status Box fields except Active Leg, TAS, and DTK. Table 5-20 GPS Navigation Status Box The GPS Navigation Status Box (Figure 5-20) is displayed in the top center of the MFD and PFD. It displays four, user-configurable fields which can display the information listed below.
GPS NAVIGATION MEASURING BEARING AND DISTANCE The second map setup option is ‘Measure Bearing/Distance’ (Figure 5-21), which provides a quick and easy method for determining the bearing and distance between any two points on the Navigation Map. Pressing the ENT Key at any location with the ‘Measure’ option enabled allows bearing and distance from the newly selected position to be acquired. Data Fields Reference Point Figure 5-21 Measuring Bearing and Distance on the MFD Navigation Map 190-00494-00 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION Navigation Map Page Menu Measure Bearing/Distance Option Figure 5-22 Measure Bearing/Distance Option Measuring bearing and distance between two points: 1) Select the MENU Key (with the Navigation Map Page displayed). 2) Highlight the ‘Measure Bearing/Distance’ field. 3) Select the ENT Key. An on-screen reference pointer is displayed on the map display at the aircraft’s present position. 4) Move the joystick to place the reference pointer at the desired location.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.3 PFD INSET MAP AND WINDOWS GPS navigation operations on the Primary Flight Display centers around the use of the Inset Map and Display Windows (Figures 5-24 and 5-25). INSET MAP Wind Direction and Speed Map Orientation Active Navigation Route Map Scale Figure 5-24 PFD Inset Map The Inset Map is a smaller version of the MFD Navigation Map and is optionally displayed in the lower left corner of the PFD when the system is not in reversionary mode.
GPS NAVIGATION • Active navigation flight plan • Track vector • Wind direction/speed • Latitude/longitude lines • NAV range ring • Fuel range ring (reserve; the fuel reserve rings are enabled and disabled from the MFD only) • Obstacles data • Potential terrain/obstacle impact data (TAWS / TERRAIN units) PFD WINDOWS PFD windows are displayed in the lower right corner of the PFD.
GPS NAVIGATION OPERATIONS The following Inset Map operations can be performed (operations are performed independently of the MFD): • Changing the zoom range • Changing the declutter level • Map panning • Topo • Traffic • Terrain • Stormscope • NEXRAD • Lightning To change the Inset Map zoom range, turn the Joystick clockwise to increase or counterclockwise to decrease the range. Zoom ranges from 500 feet to 2,000 nautical miles. To change the declutter level, press the INSET Softkey.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.4 WEIGHT PLANNING OPERATIONS NOTE: Data field units of either pounds (LB) or kilograms (KG) is selectable on the AUX – System Setup Page. All weight planning page data fields displays data rounded to the nearest 10 pounds or to the nearest 5 kilograms depending on the units currently being displayed. Entering basic empty weight: 1) Press the EMPTY WT Softkey to select the BASIC EMPTY WEIGHT field. 2) Enter the basic empty weight. 3) Select the ENT Key to confirm the entry.
GPS NAVIGATION The total weight of the passengers is calculated by multiplying the number of passengers by the average passenger weight. Entering the cargo weight: 1) Highlight the ‘CARGO’ field. 2) Enter the cargo weight. 3) Select the ENT Key to confirm the entry. The ‘ZERO FUEL WEIGHT’ is displayed which is the result of adding the basic empty, pilot and stores, passenger, and cargo weights. Entering a Fuel on Board weight: 1) Highlight the ‘FUEL ON BOARD’ field. 2) Enter a fuel weight.
GPS NAVIGATION Zero Fuel Weight of the Aircraft Fuel on Board Weight Aircraft Weight Estimated Landing Weight Estimated Landing Fuel Weight Fuel Reserves Weight Excess Fuel Weight Currently Selected Weight Units Average Passenger Weight Number of Passengers in the Aircraft Basic Empty Weight of the Aircraft Pilot and Stores Weight Basic Operating Weight of the Aircraft Total Weight of the Passengers Cargo Weight Zero Fuel Weight of the Aircraft Figure 5-26 Weight Planning Page 5-36 Garmin G1000 Pilot
GPS NAVIGATION WEIGHT CAUTION CONDITIONS ZERO FUEL WEIGHT CAUTION If the zero fuel weight is greater than the maximum allowable zero fuel weight, then the zero fuel weight is displayed in amber. AIRCRAFT WEIGHT CAUTION If the aircraft weight is greater than the maximum allowable takeoff weight, then the aircraft weight is displayed in amber.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.5 DIRECT-TO-NAVIGATION (MFD) The “direct-to” navigation feature provides a quick method of setting a GPS course to a destination waypoint. Once a direct-to is activated, the G1000 establishes a point-to-point course line from the present position to the selected direct-to destination. Course guidance is provided until the direct-to is cancelled or replaced by a new destination.
GPS NAVIGATION Selecting and activating a direct-to destination by entering an identifier: 1) Select the Direct-to ( ) Key. 2) Enter the destination waypoint identifier (Figure 5-28). Figure 5-28 Entering an Identifier 3) Select the ENT Key to confirm the identifier. The ‘Activate?’ field is highlighted (Figure 5-29). Activate Field Figure 5-29 Activate Field 4) If no altitude constraint or course is desired, select the ENT Key to activate. To enter an altitude constraint, proceed to step 5.
GPS NAVIGATION Offset Distance Figure 5-31 Entering an Along Track Offset Distance 8) Turn the small FMS Knob to select ‘MSL’ or ‘AGL’. 9) Select the ENT Key. The cursor is now flashing in the VNV offset distance field. 10) Enter the desired distance before (-) or after (+) the along track offset waypoint. 11) Select the ENT Key. The ‘Activate?’ field is highlighted. 12) Select the ENT Key to activate.
GPS NAVIGATION In addition to selecting a destination by an identifier, the Direct-to Window also allows the selection of airports, VORs and NDBs by facility or city name (Figure 5-33). Figure 5-33 Entering a Facility Name Selecting a direct-to destination by facility or the name of a city: 1) Select the Direct-to Key. The Direct-to Window is displayed with the waypoint identifier field highlighted. 2) Highlight the facility or city name field. 3) Enter the facility or city location of the desired waypoint.
GPS NAVIGATION Any waypoint contained in the flight plan can be selected as a direct-to destination from the Direct-to Waypoint Window when navigating an active flight plan. SPECIFYING A COURSE TO A WAYPOINT When navigating a direct-to, the G1000 sets a direct great circle course to the selected destination. The course to a destination can also be manually selected using the course field (‘COURSE’) on the Direct-to Waypoint Window.
GPS NAVIGATION DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION SHORTCUTS A direct-to can be performed from any page displaying a single waypoint identifier (such as the waypoint pages for airports and NAVAIDS) by simply pressing the Direct-to Key and the ENT Key. For pages that display a list of waypoints (e.g., the Nearest Airport Page), the desired waypoint must be highlighted with the cursor before pressing the Direct-to Key.
GPS NAVIGATION DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION SHORTCUTS USING THE FMS KNOB Select a Direct-to Destination to a Flight Plan Waypoint 1) While navigating an active flight plan, press the Direct-to ( ) Key. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to the left to display a list of flight plan waypoints as shown in Figure 5-37. Figure 5-37 Flight Plan Waypoint List (MFD) 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the desired waypoint. 4) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed on ‘ACTIVATE?’.
GPS NAVIGATION Select a Direct-to Destination to a Recently Entered Identifier 1) Press the Direct-to ( ) Key. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to the left. Initially, a flight plan waypoint list is displayed as in Figure 5-39. The list is populated only when navigating a flight plan. Figure 5-39 Recently Entered Waypoints List (MFD) 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to the right to display the ‘RECENT’ waypoints as shown in Figure 5-39. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the desired airport. 5) Press the ENT Key.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.6 DIRECT-TO-NAVIGATION (PFD) NOTE: Section 5.3 describes the PFD Inset Map and PFD Windows. It is recommended that the user read this section before beginning GPS navigation operations on the PFD.
GPS NAVIGATION Altitude Constraint Figure 5-41 Entering Altitude Constraint 7) Turn the small FMS Knob to enter the desired VNV altitude. Altitude Label Figure 5-42 Selecting Altitude Mode 8) Select the ENT Key. The option to select MSL or AGL is now displayed. 9) Turn the small FMS Knob to select ‘MSL’ or ‘AGL’. 10) Select the ENT Key. The cursor is placed in the ‘VNV’ offset distance field. Offset Value Figure 5-43 Entering Offset Value 190-00494-00 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION 11) Turn the small FMS Knob to enter the desired target altitude offset from the selected Direct-to. 12) Select the ENT Key to highlight ‘Activate?’ or turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the ‘COURSE’ field. 13) Turn the small FMS Knob to enter the desired course to the waypoint. 14) Select the ENT Key to highlight ‘ACTIVATE?’. 15) Select the ENT again to activate the Direct-to. Selecting a direct-to by city or facility name: 1) Select the Direct-to Key.
GPS NAVIGATION Clearing vertical constraints: 1) Select the MENU Key to display the Direct-to Menu. 2) Select ‘Clear Vertical Constraints’ (Figure 5-44). Select the ENT Key. Figure 5-44 Clear Vertical Constraints Menu Option Cancelling a direct-to: 1) Select the MENU Key to display the Direct-to Menu. 2) Select the ENT Key to cancel direct-to navigation. If a flight plan is still active, the G1000 resumes navigating the flight plan along the closest leg of flight. 190-00494-00 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.7 AIRPORT INFORMATION (MFD) Identifier Location Region Facility Name Elevation Fuel Type Available Position UTC Time Zone Information Runway Information Communication and Navigation Frequencies Figure 5-45 Airport Information Page OPERATIONS Selecting the Airport Information Page (Figure 5-45): 1) Select the ‘WPT’ page group. 2) Select the first rectangular page icon.
GPS NAVIGATION DUPLICATE WAYPOINTS As an identifier, facility name or location is entered, the G1000’s Spell’N’Find™ feature scrolls through the database, displaying those waypoints matching the characters which have been entered to that point. If duplicate entries exist for the entered facility name or location, additional entries may be viewed by continuing to turn the small FMS Knob during the selection process.
GPS NAVIGATION Loading a frequency in the standby COM or NAV window: 1) With the Airport Information Page displayed, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Move the cursor to the Frequencies Box. 3) Turn the FMS Knob to scroll through the list, placing the cursor on the desired frequency. If a listed frequency has additional information for the pilot to view, the frequency is preceded by an info (‘i’) designation. Select the ENT Key to view the information.
GPS NAVIGATION Figure 5-47 Viewing a Restriction Loading a pilot control lighting frequency into selected COM standby frequency: 1) With the Airport Information Page displayed, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Move the cursor to the ‘PCL FREQ’ field in the Runways Window. 3) Select the ENT Key to place the PCL frequency in the standby field of the COM window. 4) Press the FMS Knob to remove the cursor.
GPS NAVIGATION Displaying information for each additional runway: 1) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Place the cursor on the runway designation field. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the next runways for the selected airport. 4) Select the desired runway. 5) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. 6) Turn the JOYSTICK counterclockwise to select a lower range and rotate it clockwise to select a higher range.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.8 INTERSECTION INFORMATION (MFD) NOTE: The VOR displayed on the Intersection Information Page is the nearest VOR, not necessarily the VOR used to define the intersection. OPERATIONS Selecting the Intersection Information Page: 1) Select the WPT page group. 2) Select the second rectangular page icon. To change the map range, turn the joystick to the left to select a lower range, turn it to the right to select a higher range. Intersections can only be selected by identifier.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.9 NDB INFORMATION (MFD) OPERATIONS Selecting the NDB Information Page: 1) Select the WPT page group. 2) Select the third rectangular page icon. NDB Symbol NDB Name Nearest City General Location NDB Identifier NDB Frequency Nearest Airport; identifier, symbol, bearing, distance NDB Symbol Figure 5-50 NDB Information Page Selecting a specific NDB: 1) With the NDB Information Page displayed, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.10 VOR INFORMATION (MFD) The following VOR Information is displayed on the MFD using the VOR information page (Figure 5-51): • Map of surrounding area • Identifier • Name • City/state • Facility name • Position field • Frequency • Nearest airport (e.g. identifier, symbol, bearing, distance) • Magnetic variation at VOR location • VOR symbol, depending on type (VOR, VOR/DME, VOR/ILS, VORTAC, and TACAN) VOR class (e.g.
GPS NAVIGATION OPERATIONS The VOR Information page allows the following operations using standard FMS Knob and ENT Key usage for each field on the page: • Selecting a VOR by identifier • Selecting a VOR by name • Selecting a VOR by city • Selecting and loading of frequency into standby navigation box • Returning to the previous page Selecting a VOR by Identifier, Name, or City: 1) With the VOR Information Page displayed, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.11 USER WAYPOINT INFORMATION (MFD) OPERATIONS Selecting the User WPT Information Page (Figure 5-52): 1) Select the NRST page group. 2) Select the fifth rectangular page icon.
GPS NAVIGATION 5) Highlight the latitude/longitude field or the reference waypoints field, depending on how the waypoint is to be defined. 6) Enter the position coordinates or the radial and distance from the reference waypoint. 7) Select the ENT Key to accept the new waypoint. 8) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. Creating user waypoints from the Navigation Map Page: 1) With the Navigation Map Page displayed, push the JOYSTICK to activate the panning function.
GPS NAVIGATION Deleting a user waypoint: 1) Select the User Waypoint Information Page. 2) Select MENU to display the User Waypoint Information Page options or press the DELETE Softkey. 3) Select ‘Delete User Waypoint’. 4) Select the ENT Key. The message ‘Would you like to delete the user waypoint’ is displayed. 5) With ‘YES’ highlighted, select the ENT Key. Deleting all user waypoints: 1) Select the User Waypoint Information Page. 2) Select the MENU Key.
GPS NAVIGATION ‘Auto Comment’, when selected, will overwrite the currently selected user waypoint comment with an automatically generated comment. Auto comments are in the same format as comments that are generated for user waypoints that have not specified unique user waypoint comments.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.12 NEAREST AIRPORTS (MFD) OPERATIONS Selecting the Nearest Airports Page (Figure 5-53): 1) Select the ‘NRST’ page group. 2) Select the first rectangular page icon. NOTE: If there are no Nearest Airports available, a text “NONE WITHIN 200nm” is displayed.
GPS NAVIGATION Selecting a nearest airport: 1) With the Nearest Airport Page displayed, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Turn the FMS Knob to select the desired nearest airport. Accessing information for a specific airport: 1) With the Nearest Airports Page displayed, press the APT Softkey or press the FMS Knob to place the cursor in the ‘NEAREST AIRPORTS’ field. The first airport in the nearest airports list is highlighted. 2) Press the FMS Knob. 3) Highlight the desired airport.
GPS NAVIGATION OR: Quickly tuning the COM transceiver to a nearby airport frequency: 1) With the Nearest Airports Page displayed, press the MENU Key. 2) Select the option ‘Select Frequency Window’ and select the ENT Key. The cursor is placed in the ‘FREQUENCIES’ field 3) Turn the FMS Knob to select the desired frequency. 4) Press the ENT Key. The selected frequency is placed in the COM standby frequency tuning box. 5) Press the FREQUENCY TRANSFER Key to place the frequency in the active field.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.13 NEAREST INTERSECTIONS (MFD) OPERATIONS Selecting the Nearest Intersections Page (Figure 5-55): 1) Select the NRST page group. ‘NRST’ is displayed in the page group icon located in the lower right corner of the display. 2) Select the Nearest Intersections Page, the second page in the group.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.14 NEAREST NDB (MFD) OPERATIONS Selecting the Nearest NDB Page (Figure 5-56): 1) Select the NRST page group. ‘NRST’ is displayed in the page group icon located in the lower right corner of the display. 2) Select the Nearest NDB Page, the third page in the group.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.15 NEAREST VOR (MFD) OPERATIONS Selecting the Nearest VOR Page (Figure 5-57): 1) Select the ‘NRST’ page group. 2) Select the fourth rectangular page icon.
GPS NAVIGATION Selecting and loading a VOR frequency: 1) With the Nearest VOR Page displayed, press the FREQ Softkey to highlight the VOR frequency in the ‘FREQUENCY’ field. 2) Press the ENT Key. The selected VOR frequency is placed in the NAV Standby Frequency Box. 3) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. Accessing information for a specific VOR: 1) With the Nearest VOR Page displayed, press the MENU Key (Figure 5-58). 2) Select the option ‘Select VOR Window’ and press the ENT Key.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.16 NEAREST USER WAYPOINT (MFD) OPERATIONS Selecting the Nearest User Waypoint Page (Figure 5-59): 1) Select the ‘NRST’ page group. 2) Select the fifth rectangular page icon.
GPS NAVIGATION If there are two valid reference waypoints, the bearings from the reference waypoints are stated and the first reference waypoint’s distance field is dashed. A map of the currently selected user waypoint and surrounding data is displayed which at a minimum shows the selected user waypoint and the current aircraft position. A line is drawn between the current position and the selected user waypoint.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.17 NEAREST FREQUENCIES (MFD) OPERATIONS Selecting the Nearest Frequencies Page (Figure 5-60): 1) Select the ‘NRST’ page group. 2) Select the sixth rectangular page icon. Nearest ARTCC Nearest FSS Frequencies Nearest WX Frequencies Figure 5-60 Nearest Frequencies Page The Nearest Frequencies Page (Figure 5-60) displays a list of nearest ARTCCs. Only one ARTCC in the list is viewable at any given time and the user is able to change the currently viewed ARTCC.
GPS NAVIGATION Selecting a nearest ARTCC and frequency: 1) With the Nearest Frequencies Page displayed, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired nearest ARTCC. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the desired ARTCC frequency. 4) Select the ENT Key to load the frequency into the COM frequency standby field. OR: 1) With the Nearest ARTCC Page displayed, press the ARTCC Softkey to place the cursor in the ‘NEAREST ARTCC’ window.
GPS NAVIGATION Selecting a nearest FSS and frequency: 1) With the Nearest ARTCC Page displayed, press the FSS Softkey to place the cursor in the ‘NEAREST FSS’ window. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the desired nearest FSS. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the desired FSS frequency. 4) Select the ENT Key to load the frequency into the COM frequency standby field. OR: 1) With the Nearest ARTCC Page displayed, select the MENU Key. 2) Select the option ‘Select FSS Window’ and select the ENT Key.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.18 NEAREST AIRSPACES (MFD) The G1000 alerts the pilot to as many as nine controlled or special use airspaces (three at the most at one time) near or in the flight path. The airspace name, class, controlling agency, vertical limits and associated frequencies are displayed for the selected airspace. NOTE: Softkeys and page menu options are the method for the user to switch between the airspace alerts box and the frequencies box, with the airspace alerts box being the default.
GPS NAVIGATION OR: 1) With the Nearest Airspace Page displayed, press the MENU Key. 2) Highlight ‘Select Alerts Window’. 3) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is placed in the ‘AIRSPACE ALERTS’ Box. 4) Select the desired airspace. 5) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor. OR: 1) With the Nearest Airspace Page displayed, press the FMS Knob. The cursor is placed in the ‘AIRSPACE ALERTS’ Box. 2) Select the desired airspace. 3) Press the FMS Knob to remove the flashing cursor.
GPS NAVIGATION AIRSPACE TYPE AND CONTROLLING AGENCY The Airspace Agency section of the Nearest Airports Window (Figure 5-60) displays the following information for the selected airspace alert: • ICAO control area • Class B (FAA TCA) • Mode C tower area • Alert area • Caution area • Danger area • Prohibited area • Restricted area • Training area • Unknown area • Warning area • Class C, ICAO terminal control area, Terminal radar service area (TRSA), Mode C area, and Military operations area (MOA) • Class C,
GPS NAVIGATION The Vertical Limits Box section displays the floor and ceiling limits of the airspace alert.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.19 NEAREST AIRPORTS (PFD) The Nearest Airports window on the PFD displays the 25 nearest airports along with the information shown in Figure 5-63: Airport Symbol Distance From Nearest Airport Identifier Best Approach Available Primary Com Frequency Bearing To Nearest Airport Figure 5-63 Nearest Airports Window Length of Longest Hard Surface Runway (or soft surface if no hard runway exists) OPERATIONS The Nearest Airports Window is enabled and disabled by pressing the NRST Softkey.
GPS NAVIGATION Viewing information about an airport: 1) Press the NRST Softkey to display a list of the nearest airports. 2) Select the desired airport. 3) Select the ENT Key. 4) The airport information is displayed with ‘BACK’ highlighted at the bottom of the window (Figure 5-65). 5) When finished viewing the airport information, select the ENT Key to return to the nearest airports list. Activating a direct-to: From the Nearest Airports Window, highlight the desired airport, then select the Direct-to Key.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.20 FLIGHT PLANNING (MFD) FLIGHT PLANNING OPERATIONS Creating a new flight plan: 1) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the NEW Softkey. The Stored Flight Plan Page is displayed with a blank field for the first empty storage location. 2) Enter the identifier, facility, or city name of the departure waypoint (Figure 5-67). Entering an Identifier Stored Flight Plan Page Figure 5-67 Creating a Flight Plan 3) Select the ENT Key. 4) Enter the identifier for each additional flight plan waypoint.
GPS NAVIGATION 6) Enter the identifier for each additional flight plan waypoint. 7) Once all waypoints have been entered, press the FMS Knob to store the flight plan and return to the Flight Plan Catalog Window. Viewing flight plan information: 1) Select the Flight Plan Catalog Page. 2) Highlight the desired flight plan from the list. 3) The Flight Plan Information is displayed showing departure, destination, total distance, and enroute safe altitude information for the selected Flight Plan (Figure 5-68).
GPS NAVIGATION Adding a waypoint to a stored flight plan: 1) From the Flight Plan Catalog Window, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Highlight the desired flight plan. 3) Press the EDIT Softkey. 4) To add a waypoint to the flight plan, select the point in the plan where the new waypoint is to be added. If an existing waypoint is highlighted, the new waypoint is placed directly in front of this waypoint. 5) Enter the identifier, facility, or city of the new waypoint. 6) Select the ENT Key.
GPS NAVIGATION Figure 5-69 Confirmation Window Switching waypoint data between leg-to-leg waypoint information and cumulative waypoint information: 1) Select the FPL Key. 2) Press the CUM Softkey to view cumulative waypoint information or press the LEG-LEG Softkey to view leg-toleg waypoint information (Figure 5-70). Flight Plan Cumulative Distance Figure 5-70 Flight Plan Displaying Cumulative Distance Switching views between wide and narrow to show more or less leg data: 1) Select the FPL Key.
GPS NAVIGATION Changing the flight plan title: 1) Press the FMS Knob from the Active Flight Plan Page. 2) Highlight the Flight Plan Title Field. 3) Turn the FMS Knobs to change/edit the title (Figure 5-71). 4) Select the ENT Key. Note that title only changes on the Active Flight Planning Window, not the Flight Planning Catalog Window.
GPS NAVIGATION 4) Select the ENT Key. An ‘Activate’ window is displayed. 5) With ‘Activate’ highlighted, select the ENT Key. Figure 5-73 Activate Leg Menu Option Whenever an approach, departure, or arrival is loaded into the active flight plan, a set of approach, departure or arrival waypoints is inserted into the flight plan along with a header line describing the instrument procedure the pilot selected.
GPS NAVIGATION After navigating along a flight plan, the route can be reversed for navigation guidance back to the original departure waypoint. Inverting and Activating a stored flight plan: 1) Highlight desired flight plan. 2) Press the INVERT Softkey from the Flight Plan Catalog Page. The ‘Invert and activate stored flight plan?’ Window is displayed. 3) With ‘OK’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. To cancel the operation, highlight ‘CANCEL’ and press the ENT Key. OR: 1) Select the FPL Key.
GPS NAVIGATION 4) Highlight ‘Copy Flight Plan’. 5) Select the ENT Key. A ‘Copy to flight plan?’ confirmation window is displayed. 6) With ‘OK’ highlighted, select the ENT Key to copy the flight plan. To cancel, highlight ‘CANCEL’ and select the ENT Key. OR: 1) From the Flight Catalog Window, press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 2) Highlight the desired flight plan. 3) Select the COPY Key. A ‘Copy to flight plan?’ confirmation window is displayed.
GPS NAVIGATION The ‘Sort by Comment’ menu option sorts flight plans alphanumerically based upon the comment assigned to each flight plan. Procedures on how to enter a comment (flight plan name) are described in the Active Flight Plan Window section. Sorting by comment (flight plan name): 1) From the Flight Plan Catalog Window, select the MENU Key. 2) Highlight ‘Sort By Comment’ and select the ENT Key. A confirmation window is displayed. 3) With OK highlighted, select the ENT Key to change flight plan ordering.
GPS NAVIGATION Creating user waypoints using the Active Flight Plan Window Map: 1) With the Active Flight Plan Window displayed, push the JOYSTICK to activate the panning function. The target pointer is displayed at the present aircraft position. 2) After placing the pointer at the desired position, select the ENT Key. The User Waypoint Information Window is displayed with the captured position. At this point, the User Waypoint is added to the flight plan list.
GPS NAVIGATION AIRWAYS/JETWAYS NOTE: Refer to the Navigation Map Page setup section for details on how to customize the display of airways on the MFD. Airways (called Low Altitude Airways in the G1000 and in this pilot’s guide) serve primarily smaller pistonengine, propeller-driven airplanes on shorter routes and at lower altitudes. Airways start at 1,200 feet above ground level (AGL) and extend upward to an altitude of 18,000 feet mean sea level (MSL). Airways are 8 nautical miles wide.
GPS NAVIGATION LOADING AN AIRWAY INTO A FLIGHT PLAN Loading an airway into an existing flight plan consists of designating an airway and designating an exit waypoint. Both procedures can be performed using a menu selection or using a waypoint information window and the LD AIRWY softkey. Loading an airway or a jetway into a flight plan: 1) Enter a flight plan. 2) Place the cursor in the flight plan after the desired airway entry point (Figure 5-76).
GPS NAVIGATION Airway List Figure 5-77 Airway List 6) Select the desired airway. 7) Press the ENT Key. 8) Select the exit waypoint. ‘Load’ is highlighted. 9) Press the ENT Key. The selected airway is inserted into the flight plan. OR: 1) Turn the FMS Knob. The Waypoint Information Box is displayed (Figure 5-78). Enter the desired airway. Press the LD AIRWY Softkey.
GPS NAVIGATION Exit Waypoint List Figure 5-79 Exit Waypoint List 3) Select the desired EXIT waypoint and press the ENT Key. With the cursor over the LOAD prompt press the ENT Key and now the selected airway segment is loaded into the flight plan. The system returns to the Flight Plan Page with the cursor position placed on the line just after the exit waypoint of the airway segment.
GPS NAVIGATION DISPLAY OF AIRWAYS ON THE FLIGHT PLAN PAGE AIRWAY HEADING When an airway segment has been inserted into the flight plan a white heading is displayed after the entry waypoint as shown in Figure 5-80. Airway Identifier Exit Waypoint Identifier Figure 5-80 Airway Header Airway – aaaaa.wwwww, where aaaaa is the airway identifier and wwwww is the exit waypoint identifier (Figure 5-80).
GPS NAVIGATION COLLAPSE AIRWAYS FEATURE ‘Collapse Airways’ is selectable from the Flight Plan Menu if the flight plan contains at least one airway and the current state is “expanded” (Figure 5-82). In similar fashion, “Expand Airways” will be selectable if the flight plan contains airways and the current state is “collapsed”. When airways have been collapsed, it will be indicated on the airway heading.
GPS NAVIGATION ACTIVE LEG DISPLAY WITH COLLAPSED AIRWAY ACTIVE The Flight Plan Page always keeps the following three waypoints visible: • From Waypoint • To Waypoint • Next Waypoint (shows the next course) To prevent one or more of these waypoints from being hidden in a collapsed airway segment, the airway segment that contains either the “To” or the “Next” waypoint will be automatically expanded.
GPS NAVIGATION INSERTING OR DELETING OFF-AIRWAY WAYPOINTS WITHIN AIRWAYS The pilot is always allowed to insert or delete waypoints within an airway segment. Except for inserting or deleting airway “optional” waypoints, it will usually have the effect of breaking one airway segment into two pieces. For example, consider the original airway segment as follows: ABI Airway – V16.
GPS NAVIGATION At minimum, an airway segment consists of two waypoints. The airway header is removed for any transaction that would create an airway segment that is not at least two waypoints long. For example, deleting UKW from the previous example creates ABI-BYP as an off-airway sequence ahead of a single V16 airway segment: ABI BYP Airway – V16.
GPS NAVIGATION AIRWAYS AND DATABASE UPDATES The G1000 allows saving stored flight plans with airways on them. When the database is updated, the airways will need to be reloaded in a fashion similar to what is done for departures, arrivals and approaches. The basic process is that each airway segment is reloaded from the database given the entry waypoint, the airway identifier and the exit waypoint.
GPS NAVIGATION VERTICAL NAVIGATION (VNV) NOTE: Refer to the Appendices for VNV Flight Planning definitions, abbreviations, and acronyms. The G1000 System can use altitude constraints associated with lateral waypoints to give guidance for vertical navigation. These altitudes are, depending on the specific instance, entered by the pilot or retrieved from the published altitudes in the navigation database. The navigation database only contains altitudes for procedures that call for “Cross at” altitudes.
GPS NAVIGATION Large Text Small Text White Text Altitude calculated by the system estimating the altitude of the aircraft as it passes over the navigation point. This altitude is provided as a reference and is not being used by the system to determine vertical speed and deviation guidance. Altitude is not being used to determine vertical speed and deviation guidance. Altitude has been retrieved from the navigation database and is provided as a reference.
GPS NAVIGATION ALTITUDE CONSTRAINTS The G1000 provides a means to enter altitude constraints associated with waypoints in the active flight plan so long as the waypoint is not the final approach fix, a waypoint after the FAF, or part of an unsupported lateral leg type. Altitude constraints are displayed and entered in mean sea level (MSL) values to the nearest hundreth. An altitude constraint in above ground level (AGL) format is supported for airports.
GPS NAVIGATION Entering an altitude constraint: 1) Select the Active Flight Plan Page. 2) Highlight the desired waypoint altitude field (Figure 5-86). 3) Enter an alt constraint value using the FMS Knob or the Control Unit number keys. 4) Select the ENT Key to accept the VNV altitude constraint. VNV ALT Field Figure 5-86 Entering an Altitude Constraint ALTITUDE CONSTRAINT MODIFICATION The pilot can modify or delete any altitude constraint.
GPS NAVIGATION ALONG TRACK OFFSETS NOTE: An along track offset waypoint cannot be created if it is not adjacent to its parent waypoint The pilot can enter a waypoint having an “along track offset” distance from an existing waypoint. Offset distances can be entered from 1 to 99 nautical miles in increments of 1 nautical mile before the offset waypoint (shown as a negative value) or after the offset waypoint (shown as a positive value).
GPS NAVIGATION Active VNV Waypoint Altitude Target Vertical Speed Required Vertical Speed Flight Path Angle Vertical Deviation Time To Bottom of Descent Figure 5-88 VNV Profile VNV PROFILE The VNV profile can be changed by one of the following means: • Changing the Flight Path Angle (FPA) for the descent segment • Changing the target vertical speed for the descent segment Changes to the VNV profile apply to the current active waypoint only. The VNV profile is not modifiable if there is no active waypoint.
GPS NAVIGATION The VS TGT may be changed using the following sequence of actions: Modifying the VS TGT: 1) Press the VNV PROF Softkey. 2) Use the small FMS Knob, or enter the desired value or to modify the value. 3) Press the VNV PROF Softkey again when finished or press the FMS Knob to remove the cursor from the VNV Profile (NOTE: VS TGT must be negative and cannot be less than the configured minimum value).
GPS NAVIGATION NAVIGATING AN EXAMPLE FLIGHT PLAN This section gives an example of navigating a flight plan using the G1000 WAAS-capable system. The sample flight plan shows the G1000 providing both vertical and lateral guidance in a typical flight scenario. A lateral flight plan (LNAV) would be navigated in much the same way, but would not include the vertical guidance when the final approach course is active. The sample flight plan departs KMKC with KCOS as the final destination.
GPS NAVIGATION 3) The aircraft is now on the MCI to KENTN leg (Figure 5-90). MCI to KENTN Leg Figure 5-90 Intercept Departure Leg KENTN 4) After crossing the intersection at KENTN, note the active leg change on the map and in the Active Flight Plan Window as shown in Figure 5-91. KENTN to SLN Leg Figure 5-91 Active Leg Change at KENTN 190-00494-00 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION 5) The departure has been flown all the way to the transition at Salina (SLN) VOR. At SLN, Victor Airway 244 (V244) will be intercepted as shown in Figure 5-92. Turn prompts will be displayed in the PFD Navigation Status Box as seen in Figure 5-92. When the aircraft reaches 30 nautical miles from departure point ENR (Enroute) is displayed on the HSI as the current phase of flight indicating 2.0 nm CDI scaling.
GPS NAVIGATION 6) At Lamar VOR (LAA) V263 will be intercepted. See Figure 5-94. HYS to LAA Figure 5-94 HYS to LAA Active Leg 7) ATC grants clearance to proceed direct to OPSHN intersection to begin the arrival procedure. ATC advises to expect an altitude of 10,000 feet at OPSHN. a) Select the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. b) Turn the large FMS Knob to select OPSHN in the flight plan list. c) Select the Direct-to ( ) Key. The Direct-to Window is now displayed as shown in Figure 5-95.
GPS NAVIGATION e) Enter an altitude of 10,000 feet as requested by ATC. f) Press the ENT Key. The cursor is now displayed in the VNV offset field as shown in Figure 5-96. Figure 5-96 Enter VNV Offset Distance g) Enter the desired offset, or distance from the waypoint at which the selected altitude will be reached. In this case, three miles prior to OPSHN is entered. In other words, the G1000 will give vertical guidance so the aircraft will arrive at an altitude of 10,000 feet three miles prior to OPSHN.
GPS NAVIGATION Offset Waypoint Direct-to OPSHN Figure 5-97 Active Direct-to OPSHN 8) While proceeding to OPSHN, the LPV approach to runway 35R is preferred and will be used. a) Select the PROC Key to display the Procedures Window. b) ‘SELECT APPROACH’ should be highlighted as shown in Figure 5-98. Figure 5-98 Procedures Window 190-00494-00 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION c) Press the ENT Key. A list of available approaches for the destination airport will be displayed as shown in Figure 5-99. LPV Approach for 35R Figure 5-99 List of Available Approaches d) Turn either FMS Knob to select the LPV approach for 35R as shown in Figure 5-99. e) Select the ENT Key. A list of available transitions for the selected approach is displayed as shown on Figure 5-100.
GPS NAVIGATION g) With ‘LOAD?’ highlighted, again press the ENT Key. The selected approach is added to the flight plan as seen in Figure 5-101. LPV Approach Designation Figure 5-101 Loaded LPV Approach Altitude constraints associated with the Final Approach Fix (FAF) and waypoints beyond the FAF cannot be selected for vertical guidance. These altitude constraints will always be displayed as white text, as in Figure 5-102.
GPS NAVIGATION a) Press the VNV PROF Softkey to place the cursor in the target vertical speed field (VS TGT) as shown in Figure 5-103. b) At this point, the desired descent vertical speed can be selected, or the desired FPA can be selected. Turn the large FMS Knob to select the desired selection field, then turn the small FMS Knob to entered the desired value. Note the information now displayed in the ‘CURRENT VNV PROFILE’ box. Also, note the offset waypoint and gray circle are now displayed on the map.
GPS NAVIGATION 10) As seen in Figure 5-104, the aircraft is approaching TOD. Note the target vertical speed required to reached the selected altitude. The Vertical Descent Indicator (VDI) and the Required Vertical Speed Indicator (RVSI) are now displayed on the PFD as shown in Figure 5-105.
GPS NAVIGATION 11) Upon reaching TOD, establish a descent vertical speed which places the VSI pointer in line with the RVSI as shown in Figure 5-106. Keep Vertical Deviation Pointer Centered Align Actual Vertical Speed Pointer with Required Vertical Speed Pointer Figure 5-106 VDI & RVSI Showing Correctly Established Descent 12) When the aircraft is one minute from the bottom of descent (BOD) this will be annunciated as shown in Figure 5-107. Upon reaching OPSHN, the aircraft will be at 10,000 feet.
GPS NAVIGATION 13) The aircraft is approaching OPSHN. The upcoming turn and next heading will be annunciated at the top left of the PFD as seen in Figure 5-108. Initiate the turn and maneuver the aircraft on a track through the turn radius to intercept the magenta line for the OPSHN to FSHER leg and center the CDI. Figure 5-108 Turn to Intercept OPSHN to FSHER Leg 190-00494-00 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION 14) After passing OPSHN, the next leg of the arrival will turn magenta as shown in Figure 5-109. The magenta arrow in the flight plan list now indicates the OPSHN to FSHER leg of the arrival procedure is now active. Keep the CDI centered and maintain a track to follow the magenta line. Figure 5-109 Tracking the OPSHN to FSHER Leg 5-120 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION 15) The flight continues through the arrival procedure to PYNON (see Figure 5-110). At a point 31 nautical miles from the destination airport, the phase of flight scaling for the CDI will change to Terminal Mode and is annunciated by displaying ‘TERM’ on the HSI. There will be a descent to HABUK in the next leg. Note the TOD point on the map. Annunciations for the upcoming turn and descent, as well as the VDI and RVSI, appear on the PFD as the flight progresses.
GPS NAVIGATION Figure 5-111 Approach Leg is Now Active To manually activate the approach procedure, perform the following steps: a) Press the PROC Key. b) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight ‘ACTIVATE APPROACH’ as shown in Figure 5-112. Figure 5-112 Activate Approach c) Press the ENT Key to activate the approach. 17) The IAF is the next waypoint. At the TOD (Figure 5-113), establish a descent vertical speed as previously discussed. The aircraft altitude will be 9,000 feet upon reaching HABUK.
GPS NAVIGATION Figure 5-113 Descending Turn to the Initial Approach Fix (IAF) 18) After crossing FALUR the next waypoint is the FAF. The flight phase changes to LPV on the HSI indicating the current phase of flight is in Approach Mode and the approach type is LPV. CDI scaling is now 0.3 nm. The RVSI is no longer displayed and the VDI changes to the Glidepath Indicator as shown in Figure 5-114.
GPS NAVIGATION 19) After crossing CEGIX, continue following the glidepath to maintain the descent to “AT or ABOVE” 6,370 feet at the Missed Approach Point (MAP) (RW35R) as seen in Figure 5-115. Figure 5-115 Descending to the Final Approach Fix (FAF) In this missed approach procedure, the fix immediately following the MAP (in this case ‘6368FT’) is not part of the published procedure.
GPS NAVIGATION Figure 5-116 Descending Turn to the Missed Approach Point 20) Upon reaching the MAP, automatic waypoint sequencing stops and the G1000 will cease to navigate. To resume automatic waypoint sequencing for navigating through the missed approach, press the SUSP Softkey on the PFD to resume sequencing. A direct-to is initiated to MOGAL, which is the Missed Approach Hold Point (MAHP) as seen in Figure 5-117. Begin climbing to 10,000 feet. The CDI flight phase now changes from LPV to MAPR.
GPS NAVIGATION Figure 5-118 Establishing the Holding Pattern 22) Maintain 10,000 feet and follow the magenta line through the hold as in Figure 5-119. Figure 5-119 Hold Established 5-126 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION PARALLEL TRACK (PTK) NOTE: Enroute/Terminal VNV (baro-VNV) is disabled when parallel track is active. This will cause vertical deviation to flag and the autopilot to uncouple from VNV. Parallel track disregards all vertical aspects of the flight plan; that is, parallel track ignores baro-VNV.
GPS NAVIGATION When Parallel Track is activated, the course line drawn on the map pages shows the parallel course (Figure 5-122), and waypoint names will have a lower case “p” placed after the identifier (Figure 5-123). North TO WPT Course BRG TRK DTK Parallel Track Distance FROM WPT Figure 5-122 Parallel Track Figure 5-123 Parallel Track “p” Designation Using Direct-to, loading an approach, holding pattern, or editing and executing the flight plan will automatically cancel Parallel Track.
GPS NAVIGATION 8) With ‘ACTIVATE PARALLEL TRACK’ highlighted, select the ENT Key (Figure 5-124). 9) Press the FMS Knob or the CLR Key to remove the Parallel Track Window. Figure 5-124 Activate PT Option 5.21 FLIGHT PLANNING (PFD) Flight planning on the PFD centers around the Flight Plan Window (Figure 5-125) where flight plans can be created, edited, and activated. The Flight Plan Window is enabled and disabled by pressing the FPL Key.
GPS NAVIGATION • Load or remove departure, arrival, or approach • Closest Point of FPL • Restore defaults • Parallel track Figure 5-126 Flight Plan Page Menu CREATE NEW FLIGHT PLAN Up to 99 flight plans with up to 99 waypoints in each flight plan can be created and stored in memory. Creating a new flight plan: 1) Select the FPL Key. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. The waypoint field is highlighted. 3) Enter the identifier, city/state, or facility name of the airport/waypoint.
GPS NAVIGATION STORE FLIGHT PLAN The active flight plan is erased when the G1000 is powered off or when another flight plan is activated. When storing flight plans with an approach, departure or arrival, the G1000 uses the waypoint information from the current database to define the waypoints in the flight plan. If the navigation database is changed or updated, the G1000 automatically updates the information if the procedure has not been modified.
GPS NAVIGATION DELETE FLIGHT PLAN The entire flight plan or selected waypoints within the flight plan may be deleted. Deleting the entire flight plan: 1) From the Flight Plan Window, select the MENU Key. 2) Highlight ‘Delete Flight Plan’. 3) Select the ENT Key. 4) Select the ENT Key to delete all waypoints in the flight plan. Deleting selected waypoints in the flight plan: 1) From the Flight Plan Window, select the desired waypoint. 2) Select the CLR Key.
GPS NAVIGATION PARALLEL TRACK (PFD) The Parallel Track (PTK) function allows the pilot to create a parallel course offset of 1 to 99 nm to the left or right of the current flight plan. Parallel Track cannot be activated if a course is set using Direct-To or if the active leg is the first leg of the departure procedure, or the Initial Approach Fix (IAF) has been passed. Attempting to activate Parallel Track with these conditions results in the message ‘PARALLEL TRACK UNAVAILABLE INVALID ROUTE GEOMETRY’.
GPS NAVIGATION Enter Distance Figure 5-128 Parallel Track Distance Field Cancelling parallel track: 1) Select the MENU Key from the Active Flight Plan Page. 2) Select ‘Parallel Track’. 2) Select ‘CANCEL PARALLEL TRACK’ (Figure 5-129). 3) Select the ENT Key. Figure 5-129 Cancelling Parallel Track 5-134 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.22 PROCEDURES (MFD) LEG TYPES SUPPORTED BY THE G1000 There are currently 23 different database leg types. All 23 published procedures and leg types are supported by the G1000 and available to the pilot for flight planning.
GPS NAVIGATION DEPARTURES, ARRIVALS, AND APPROACHES Options Arrival Loaded in Active Flight Plan Approach Procedure Loaded in Active Flight Plan Departure Procedure Loaded in Active Flight Plan Figure 5-130 Procedures Window DEPARTURE OPERATIONS Loading and activating a departure procedure: 1) Select the PROC Key. The Procedures Window is displayed (Figure 5-130). 2) Highlight ‘SELECT DEPARTURE’. 3) Select the ENT Key. The DEPARTURE window is displayed on the ‘PROC – DEPARTURE LOADING Page.
GPS NAVIGATION 5) Select the ENT Key. The RUNWAY window may be displayed. 6) Select a runway. 7) Select the ENT Key. The TRANSITION window may be displayed. 8) Select a transition. 9) Select the ENT Key. The departure is now ready to load. 10) Press the FMS Knob to remove the cursor.
GPS NAVIGATION Viewing a Departure Airport: 1) Select the Departure Information Page. 2) Select the MENU Key. 3) Highlight ‘View Departure Airport’. 4) Select the ENT Key. The Departure Airport Page is displayed. OR: 1) Select the Approach Information Page. 2) Select the MENU Key. 3) Highlight ‘View Departure Airport’. 4) Select the ENT Key. The Departure Information Page is displayed. OR: 1) Select the Arrival Information Page. 2) Select the MENU Key. 3) Highlight ‘View Departure Airport’.
GPS NAVIGATION ARRIVAL OPERATIONS Loading an arrival procedure: 1) Select the ‘WPT’ page group. 2) Select the first rectangular page icon. 3) Press the STAR Softkey.
GPS NAVIGATION 6) Select a transition. 7) Press the ENT Key. The RUNWAY window may be displayed. If so, select a runway. 8) Press the ENT Key. 9) With ‘LOAD’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. The arrival procedure is displayed as part of the overall flight plan and is placed at the end of the enroute flight plan. OR: 1) Select the Arrival Information Page. 2) Press the MENU Key. 3) Highlight ‘Load Arrival’. 4) Press the ENT Key. The Active Flight Plan Page is displayed.
GPS NAVIGATION APPROACH OPERATIONS Not all approaches in the database are approved for GPS use. When selecting an approach, a “GPS” designation to the right of the procedure name indicates the procedure can be flown using the GPS receiver. Some procedures will not have this designation, meaning the GPS receiver can be used for supplemental navigation guidance only. If the GPS receiver cannot be used for primary guidance, the appropriate navigation receiver must be used for the selected approach (e.g.
GPS NAVIGATION Load and/or activate an approach procedure: 1) Select the PROC Key. 2) Highlight ‘SELECT APPROACH’. 3) Select the ENT Key. A list of available approaches for the destination airport is displayed (Figure 5-135). 4) Turn either FMS Knob to highlight the desired approach. The WAAS channel and ID for the selected approach procedure are displayed in the ‘APPROACH CHANNEL’ field (Figure 5-135). 5) Select the ENT Key.
GPS NAVIGATION Figure 5-136 Not Approved for GPS Message OR: 1) Select the Nearest Airports Page. 2) Select the desired nearest airport. 3) Press the APR Softkey located at the bottom of the display. The LD APR (load approach) Softkey becomes available. 4) Select the desired approach. 5) Press the LD APR Softkey. The Approach Loading Page is displayed with the transitions field highlighted. 6) Select the desired transition. 7) Select the ENT Key. The ‘LOAD?’ field is highlighted.
GPS NAVIGATION 8) Highlight ‘LOAD?’ or ‘ACTIVATE?’. ‘LOAD’ adds the approach to the flight plan without immediately using the approach for navigation guidance. This allows for the original flight plan to continue navigating until cleared for the approach, but keeps the approach available for quick activation when needed. ‘ACTIVATE’ adds the approach to the flight plan and begins navigating the approach course.
GPS NAVIGATION Removing an approach from a direct-to or active flight plan: 1) From the Flight Plan Window, select the MENU Key. 2) Highlight ‘Remove Departure’, ‘Remove Arrival’, or ‘Remove Approach’ 3) Select the ENT Key. A confirmation window appears listing the procedure that is about to be removed with ‘OK’ highlighted. 4) Select the ENT Key. Another Procedures Window option allows the pilot to select vectors to the final approach course.
GPS NAVIGATION COURSE TO FIX In certain missed approach procedures, a fix will appear immediately following the MAP (Figure 5-108, ‘990 ft’). This is not necessarily part of the published procedure, it simply represents a course to an altitude fix. In certain cases, if the aircraft altitude is below the specified altitude (990 feet) after crossing the MAP, a direct-to will be established to this fix until an altitude of 990 feet reached.
GPS NAVIGATION 5.23 PROCEDURES (PFD) The Procedures Window (Figure 5-109) provides direct access to departures, arrivals and approaches — based upon the active flight plan or direct-to destination. In either case, the departure and destination airports must have published procedures associated with them. The Procedures Window is displayed and removed by pressing the PROC Key .
GPS NAVIGATION Selecting a departure for the departure airport: 1) Display the Procedures Window by pressing the PROC Key. 2) Highlight ‘SELECT DEPARTURE’. 3) Select the ENT Key. 4) Enter an identifier, city, or facility name. 5) Select the ENT Key until the departure field is highlighted. 6) Select the desired departure. 7) Select the ENT Key. A window appears listing the available transitions for the departure. 8) Select the desired transition or vectors. 9) Select the ENT Key.
GPS NAVIGATION Selecting an arrival for a direct-to or flight plan destination airport: 1) Display the Procedures Window by pressing the PROC Key. 2) Highlight ‘SELECT ARRIVAL’. 3) Select the ENT Key. 4) Enter an identifier, city, or facility name. 5) Select the ENT Key until the arrival field is highlighted. 6) Select the desired arrival. 7) Select the ENT Key. A window appears listing the available transitions for the arrival. 8) Select the desired transition or vectors. 9) Select the ENT Key.
GPS NAVIGATION 10) With ‘LOAD?’ highlighted, select the ENT Key to load the approach OR: to activate the approach, highlight ‘ACTIVATE?’. NOTE: If the approach is not approved for GPS, a ‘NOT APPROVED FOR GPS’ message is displayed with ‘YES’ highlighted. Select the ENT Key to acknowledge the message. To cancel the approach, select ‘NO’ and select the ENT Key. ACTIVATE APPROACH ‘ACTIVATE APPROACH’ activates the approach.
GPS NAVIGATION ACTIVATE VECTOR-TO-FINAL ‘ACTIVATE VECTOR-TO-FINAL’ allows the pilot to select vectors to the final approach course. . Figure 5-144 Activate Vector-To-Final Selection Activating the approach with vectors to final: 1) From an active flight plan, select the PROC Key to display the Procedures Options Window. 2) Highlight ‘ACTIVATE VECTOR-TO-FINAL’. 3) Select the ENT Key. ACTIVATE MISSED APPROACH ‘ACTIVATE MISSED APPROACH’ allows the pilot to select vectors to the final approach course.
GPS NAVIGATION BLANK PAGE 5-152 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SECTION 6 HAZARD AVOIDANCE The hazard avoidance features available for the G1000 system are designed to aid situational awareness and provide advisory information with regard to potential hazards to flight safety associated with weather, terrain, and air traffic.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE These IDs are located: • On the label on the back of the Data Link Receiver • On the XM Information Page on the MFD (Figure 6-1) • On the XM Satellite Radio Activation Instructions included with the unit (available at www.garmin.com, P/N 190-00355-04) Contact the installer if the Data Radio ID and the Audio Radio ID cannot be located.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE USING XM WX SATELLITE WEATHER PRODUCTS The Weather Data Link Page is in the Map Page group. It is the primary starting point for viewing weather data because it can display all available XM weather products. No other G1000 page can display all XM weather products. When a weather product is active on the Weather Data Link Page or the Navigation Map Page, the age of the data displays on the screen.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Table 6-1 shows the weather product symbols and the product lifetimes. Expiration Time (Minutes) 30 Refresh Rate (Minutes) 5 Cloud Top (CLD TOP) 60 15 Echo Top 30 7.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Table 6-2 shows which XM products display (indicated with the ‘+’ symbol) on specific maps.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Viewing a weather legend: 1) Select the Map Page Group. 2) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 3) Select the LEGEND Softkey to display the legends for the displayed weather products. OR: On the Weather Data Link Page, press the MENU Key, which displays the Page Menu Options. Turn the FMS Knob to select ‘Weather Legend’ and press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the FMS Knob to scroll through the legends if more are available than fit in the window.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEXRAD NOTE: The TOPO and/or TERRAIN display and NEXRAD are mutually exclusive for all applicable maps. NEXRAD (NEXt-generation RADar) is a network of 158 high-resolution Doppler radar systems that are operated by the National Weather Service (NWS). Its technical name is WSR-88D. NEXRAD data provides centralized meteorological information for the continental United States and selected overseas locations. The maximum range of a single NEXRAD radar site is 250 nm.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEXRAD data displays on the following maps: • PFD Inset Map • Weather Data Link Page • Navigation Map • Nearest Pages • Airport Information Page • AUX - Trip Planning Page • Flight Plan Page Displaying NEXRAD weather information: 1) Select the MAP Softkey. For the PFD Inset Map, select the INSET Softkey. This is not necessary on the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Select the NEXRAD Softkey. Composite data from all the NEXRAD radar sites in the United States is shown.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The display of radar coverage is always active when either NEXRAD or ECHO TOPS is selected. The display indicates the currently available NEXRAD radar coverage and Echo Tops areas in a grayish-purple color where information is unavailable or is not being collected. This means that the radar capability exists in the grayish-purple areas, but that it is not active or is off-line. REFLECTIVITY Reflectivity is the amount of transmitted power returned to the radar receiver.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Block is 4 square km Figure 6-7 NEXRAD Data - Zoomed The following may cause abnormalities in displayed NEXRAD radar images: • Ground clutter • Strobes and spurious radar data • Sun strobes (when the radar antenna points directly at the sun) • Interference from buildings or mountains, which may cause shadows • Metallic dust from military aircraft, which can cause alterations in radar scans 6-10 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE ECHO TOPS NOTE: Echo Tops is mutually exclusive with Cloud Tops and NEXRAD. Echo Tops data (Figure 6-8) shows the location, elevation, and direction of the highest radar echo. The highest radar echo does not indicate the top of a storm or clouds; rather it indicates the highest altitude at which precipitation is detected. The information is derived from NEXRAD data. Figure 6-8 Echo Top Data Select the ECHO TOP Softkey to show data about the highest radar echo.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE To display the Echo Tops legend (Figure 6-9), select the LEGEND Softkey when Echo Tops is selected for display. Radar Coverage Figure 6-9 ECHO TOPS Legend The display of radar coverage is always active when NEXRAD or Echo Tops is selected. The display indicates the currently available NEXRAD radar coverage and Echo Tops areas in a grayish-purple color where information is unavailable or is not being collected.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying Cloud Tops information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Select the CLOUD TOPS Softkey. To display the Cloud Tops legend (Figure 6-11), select the LEGEND Softkey when Cloud Tops is selected for display. Figure 6-11 Cloud Tops Legend XM LIGHTNING Lightning data (Figure 6-12) shows the approximate location of cloud-to-ground lightning strikes. A strike icon represents a strike that has occurred within a two-kilometer region.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Select the LTNG or XM LTNG Softkey to show the location of cloud-to-ground lightning strikes. Lightning data displays on the following maps: • PFD Inset Map • Weather Data Link Page • Navigation Map • Nearest Pages • AUX - Trip Planning Page • Flight Plan Page Displaying XM Lightning information: 1) Select the MAP Softkey. For the PFD Inset Map, select the INSET Softkey. This is not necessary for the Weather Data Link Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Storm Cells Figure 6-14 Cell Movement Data Select the CELL MOV Softkey to show the storm cells on the Weather Data Link Page. Using the Navigation Map Setup Window, Cell Movement data displays on the following maps. See “Seting Up XM WX Satellite Weather on the Navigation Map” for more information. • PFD Inset Map •Navigation Map • AUX - Trip Planning Page • Nearest Pages Displaying Cell Movement information: 1) Select the MAP Softkey. For the PFD Inset Map, select the INSET Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SIGMETS AND AIRMETS SIGMETs (SIGnificant METeorological Information) and AIRMETs (AIRmen’s METeorological Information) are broadcast for potentially hazardous weather that is considered of extreme importance to all aircraft. A Convective SIGMET is issued for hazardous convective weather. A localized SIGMET is a significant weather condition occurring at a localized geographical position. SIGMET and AIRMET data display on the Weather Data Link Page (Figure 6-16).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying SIGMETs and AIRMETs: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Select the SIG/AIR Softkey. 3) To view the text of the SIGMET or AIRMET, press the Joystick and pan the Map Pointer over the icon. 4) Press the ENT key. Figure 6-17 shows sample SIGMET text. Figure 6-17 Sample SIGMET Text To display the SIGMET and AIRMET legend (Figure 6-18), select the LEGEND Softkey when SIGMETs and AIRMETs are selected for display. Figure 6-18 SIGMET/AIRMET Legend 190-00494-00 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE METARS AND TAFS NOTE: The atmospheric pressure on the METAR is reported in hectopascals everywhere but in the US, where it is reported in inches of mercury. Temperatures are reported in Celsius. Standard temperature and atmospheric pressure are 15°C (59°F) and 29.92 in Hg (1013.2 hPa). NOTE: METAR and City Forecast information is only displayed within the installed aviation database service area.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying METAR and TAF text: 1) On the Weather Data Link Page, press the METAR Softkey. METAR flags display. 2) Press the Joystick and pan to the desired airport. 3) Press the ENT Key. The Weather Information Page displays with METAR and TAF text. 4) Use the FMS Knob or the ENT Key to scroll through the METAR and TAF text. Note that the METAR text must be completely scrolled through before scrolling through the TAF text.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE METAR data is displayed first in a decoded fashion, then as raw text. TAF information is displayed only in its raw form. To display the METAR legend on the Weather Data Link Page (Figure 6-21), select the LEGEND Softkey when METARs are selected for display. Figure 6-21 METAR Legend SURFACE ANALYSIS AND CITY FORECAST NOTE: Surface Analysis and City Forecast information display together. They only display within the installed Aviation Database service area.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying Surface Analysis and City Forecast information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the SFC Softkey. 4) Select the forecast time: CURRENT, 12 HR, 24 HR, 36 HR, or 48 HR. The SFC Softkey label changes to reflect the forecast time selected. To display the Surface Analysis (Figure 6-23) and City Forecast legend, select the LEGEND Softkey when Surface Analysis and City Forecast are selected to be displayed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-24 Freeze Level Data Displaying Freeze Level information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the FRZ LVL Softkey. Freeze Level data displays on the Weather Data Link page only. It does not display on other G1000 maps. To display the Freeze Level legend (Figure 6-25), select the LEGEND Softkey when Freeze Level is selected to be displayed.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE WINDS ALOFT Winds Aloft data (Figure 6-26) shows the forecasted wind speed and direction at the surface and at selected altitudes. Altitude can be displayed in 3,000-foot increments up to 42,000 feet MSL. Winds Aloft data can only be displayed on the Weather Data Link Page. Displaying Winds Aloft data: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the WIND Softkey. a) Select the SFC Softkey to display the surface wind speed and directions.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE To display the Winds Aloft legend (Figure 6-27), select the LEGEND Softkey when Winds Aloft is selected for display. Figure 6-27 Winds Aloft with Legend 6-24 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE COUNTY County data (Figure 6-28) provides specific public awareness and protection weather warnings from the National Weather Service (NWS). This can include information on fires, tornadoes, severe thunderstorms, flood conditions, and other natural disasters. Additional Information About Flood Warning (Available When Panning Map) Severe Thunderstorm Icon Figure 6-28 County Warning Information Displaying County Warning information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE CYCLONE Cyclone data shows the current location of cyclones (hurricanes) and their projected track. The forecasted track can be displayed at various time intervals. Displaying Cyclone (hurricane) track information: 1) Select the Weather Data Link Page. 2) Select the MORE WX Softkey. 3) Select the CYCLONE Softkey. Cyclone data displays only on the Weather Data Link Page. It does not display on other G1000 maps.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-32 shows the Data Link Setup Window. The ‘ON’ and ‘OFF’ settings control the display of weather products the same way that softkeys do. The selected range settings on the Data Link Setup Window control the largest map range at which each weather product displays on the Weather Data Link Page. If a map range larger than the weather product range setting is selected, the weather product data declutters from the map. The maximum and minimum range settings are listed in Table 6-3.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SETTING UP XM WX SATELLITE WEATHER Use the Map Setup Window (Figure 6-33) to customize the display of weather data on the Navigation Map and other G1000 maps. The Map Setup Window settings control the display of weather data on all G1000 pages, except the Weather Data Link Page. Figure 6-33 Map Setup Options Setting up and customizing weather data: 1) On the Navigation Map Page, press the MENU Key. 2) While the ‘Map Setup’ selection is highlighted, press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.2 AIRBORNE COLOR WEATHER RADAR SYSTEM DESCRIPTION The Garmin GWX 68 Airborne Color Weather Radar is a four-color digital pulsed radar with 6.5 kilowatts. It combines excellent range and adjustable scanning profiles with a high-definition target display. The pulse width is four microseconds (ms) on all ranges except the 2.5 nm range. The GWX 68 uses a one ms pulse width at this range to reduce the smearing together of targets on the display.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE NEXRAD AND AIRBORNE COLOR WEATHER RADAR Both Garmin Airborne Color Weather Radar and NEXRAD measure weather reflectivity in decibels, or dB. A decibel is a logarithmic expression of the ratio of two quantities. Garmin Airborne Color Weather Radar measures the ratio of power against the gain of the antenna, while NEXRAD measures the energy reflected back to the radar, or the radar reflectivity ratio.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE RADAR SIGNAL ATTENUATION The phenomenon of radar signal attenuation needs to be kept in mind whenever operating the weather radar. When the radar signal is transmitted, it is progressively absorbed and scattered, making the signal weaker. This weakening, or attenuation, is caused by two primary sources, distance and precipitation. Attenuation because of distance is due to the fact that the radar energy leaving the antenna is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE RADAR SIGNAL REFLECTIVITY PRECIPITATION Precipitation or objects more dense than water, such as earth or solid structures, will be detected by the weather radar. The weather radar will not detect clouds, thunderstorms or turbulence directly. It detects precipitation associated with clouds, thunderstorms, and turbulence. The best radar signal reflectors are raindrops, wet snow, or wet hail. The larger the raindrop the better it reflects.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE GROUND RETURNS The intensity of ground target returns depends upon the angle at which the radar beam strikes the ground target (Angle of Incidence) and the reflective properties of that target. The gain can be adjusted so shorelines, rivers, lakes, and cities are well-defined. Increasing gain too much causes the display to fill in between targets, thus obscuring some landmarks. Cities normally provide a strong return signal.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SAFE OPERATING DISTANCE The following information establishes a minimum safe distance from the antenna for personnel near operating weather radar. The minimum safe distance is based on the FCC’s exposure limit at 9.3 to 9.5 GHz for general population/uncontrolled environments, which is 1 mW/cm2. See Advisory Circular 20-68B for more information on safe distance determination.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE PRACTICAL APPLICATION USING THE BASIC TILT SETUP With the antenna tilt set as previously described, any displayed target return should be scrutinized when flying at altitudes between 2,000 and 30,000 feet AGL. If the displayed target advances on the screen to 5 nautical of the aircraft, avoid it. This may be either weather or ground returns that are 2,000 feet or less below the aircraft.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE WEATHER MAPPING AND INTERPRETATION WEATHER DISPLAY INTERPRETATION When evaluating various target returns on the weather radar display, the colors denote precipitation intensity and rates as shown in Table 6-4. Weather Mode Color Intensity Approximate Precipitation Rate (in/hr.) BLACK < 23 dBZ < .01. GREEN 23 dBZ to < 32 dBZ .01 - 0.1. YELLOW 32 dBZ to < 41 dBZ 0.1 - 0.5 RED 41 dBZ to < 50 dBZ 0.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Along squall lines (multiple cells or clusters of cells in a line (Figure 6-40), individual cells may be in different stages of development. Areas between closely spaced, intense targets may contain developing clouds not having enough moisture to produce a return. However, these areas could have strong updrafts or downdrafts. Targets showing wide areas of green are generally precipitation without severe turbulence.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE In areas of multiple heavy cells, use the Vertical Scan feature (Figure 6-42) along with antenna tilt management to examine the areas. Remember to avoid shadowed areas behind targets. Figure 6-42 The ‘Blind Alley’- Vertical Scan TORNADOES There are no conclusive radar target return characteristics which will identify a tornado.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Hail shafts are associated with the same radar target return characteristics as tornados. U-shaped cloud edges three to seven miles across can also indicate hail. These target returns appear quite suddenly along any edge of the cell outline. They also change in intensity and shape in a matter of seconds, making vigilant monitoring essential. OPERATION IN WEATHER MODE WARNING: Begin transmitting only when it is safe to do so.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Displaying weather on the Weather Radar Page: 1) Select the Map Page Group. 2) Select the Weather Radar Page. 3) Select the MODE Softkey. 4) To select Weather Mapping Mode: a) While on the ground, select the STANDBY Softkey. A one-minute warm-up period is initiated (countdown is displayed on the screen). After the warm-up is complete, the radar enters the Standby Mode. b) When the aircraft is airborne, select the WEATHER Softkey. OR: a) While on the ground, select the WEATHER Softkey.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Vertically scanning a storm cell: NOTE: Vertical scanning of a storm cell should be done with the aircraft wings level to avoid constant adjustment of the Bearing Line. 1) While in the Horizontal Scan view, select the BRG Softkey. This places the cursor in the BEARING field and displays the Bearing Line (Figure 6-45). If the Bearing Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select ‘Show Bearing Line’. Press the ENT Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-46 Vertical Scan Display ADJUSTING ANTENNA TILT ANGLE In order to make an accurate interpretation of a storm cell, the radar beam should be pointed at the wet part of the weather cell to record the proper rainfall intensity (color level). The ideal aiming point is just below the freezing level of the storm. The best way to find this point is to use the Vertical Scan feature.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Adjusting antenna tilt on the Vertical Scan display: 1) Select the TILT Softkey to activate the cursor in the TILT field and display the Tilt Line as seen in Figure 6-47. If the Tilt Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select ‘Show Tilt Line’. Press the ENT Key. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to adjust the antenna tilt angle. The selected tilt angle will be implemented when Horizontal Scan is again selected. The Joystick can also be used to adjust tilt.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE ADJUSTING GAIN WARNING: Changing the gain in weather mode will cause precipitation intensity to be displayed as a color not representative of the true intensity. See Figures 6-48 and 6-49. Remember to return the gain setting to ‘Calibrated’ for viewing the actual intensity of precipitation. 1) Select the GAIN Softkey to activate the cursor in the GAIN field. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to adjust the gain for the desirable level.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE SECTOR SCAN 1) While in horizontal scan mode, select the BRG Softkey to display the Bearing Line and place the cursor in the BEARING field (Figure 6-50). If the Bearing Line is not displayed, press the MENU Key and turn the large FMS Knob to select ‘Show Bearing Line’. Press the ENT Key. Figure 6-50 Selecting Sector Scan Position 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to place the Bearing Line in the desired position. The location of the Bearing Line will become the center point of the Sector Scan.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-51 40˚ Sector Scan ANTENNA STABILIZATION 1) To activate or deactivate the antenna stabilization, select the MODE Softkey. 2) Select the STAB ON Softkey to activate antenna stabilization or select the STAB OFF Softkey to deactivate. The current stabilization condition is shown in the upper right of the weather radar display. 6-46 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE WEATHER ATTENUATED COLOR HIGHLIGHT (WATCH™) While in horizontal scan mode, this feature can be used as a tool to determine areas of possible inaccuracies in displayed intensity due to weakening of the radar energy. This weakening is known as ‘attenuation’. The radar energy weakens as it passes through areas of intense precipitation, large areas of lesser precipitation, and distance. Issues with the radome will also attenuate the radar energy.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE WEATHER ALERT This feature may be used to indicate the presence of heavy precipitation beyond the currently displayed range and 80 to 320 nm from the aircraft’s present position. Weather Alert targets appear as red bands along the outer range ring at the approximate azimuth of the detected returns. If a Weather Alert is detected within ±10° of the aircraft heading, an alert will be displayed on the PFD in the Messages Window.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE GROUND MAPPING AND INTERPRETATION A secondary use of the weather radar system is for the presentation of terrain. This can be a useful tool for verifying aircraft position. A “picture” of the ground is represented much like a topographical map that can be used as a supplement to the navigation map on the MFD. Ground Map mode uses a different gain range than Weather mode. Different colors are also used to represent the intensity levels.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.3 TAWS TAWS (Terrain Awareness and Warning System) is an feature to increase situational awareness and aid in reducing controlled flight into terrain (CFIT). TAWS satisfies TSO-C151b Class B requirements for certification. Class B TAWS is required for all Part 91 aircraft operations with six or more passenger seats and for Part 135 turbine aircraft operations with six to nine passenger seats (FAR Parts 91.223, 135.154).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS utilizes terrain and obstacle databases that are referenced to mean sea level (MSL). Using the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude, TAWS displays a 2-D picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative to the position and altitude of the aircraft. Furthermore, the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude are used to calculate and “predict” the aircraft’s flight path in relation to the surrounding terrain and obstacles.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS PAGE The TAWS Page is in the MAP group of pages and displays the following: • GPS-derived MSL altitude in increments of 20 feet or 10 meters, depending on unit configuration • Aircraft ground track • Terrain Range - Indicates the terrain elevation in colors relative to the aircraft altitude • Range marking rings (1 nm, 1 and 2 nm, 2.5 and 5 nm, 5 and 10 nm, 12.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Changing the viewing mode between 360° and Arc: 1) Select the TAWS Page. 2) Press the VIEW Softkey. 3) Press the 360 or ARC Softkey to select the desired view. OR: 1) Press the MENU Key. The page menu is displayed with either ‘View 120º’ or ‘View 360º’. Press the ENT Key to change the view. 2) Turn the Joystick clockwise to display a larger area or counter-clockwise to display a smaller area. Map ranges are 1 nm, 1 and 2 nm, 2.5 and 5 nm, 5 and 10 nm, 12.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Other aviation information such as airports, VORs, and other NAVAIDS can be displayed or hidden on the TAWS Page (Figure 6-58). Showing or hiding aviation information: 1) Press the MENU Key. 2) Select ‘Show (or Hide) Aviation Data’ and press the ENT Key. 3) Press the CLR Key to toggle aviation information on or off. Figure 6-58 TAWS Page Menu TAWS MANUAL TEST NOTE: TAWS System Testing is disabled when ground speed exceeds 30 knots in order not to impede TAWS alerting.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS SYMBOLS The symbols and colors in Figure 6-59 and Table 6-6 are used to represent obstacles and potential impact points on the TAWS Page. TAWS uses yellow (caution) and red (warning) to depict terrain information relative to aircraft altitude.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TAWS ALERTS Alerts are issued when flight conditions meet parameters that are set within TAWS software algorithms. TAWS alerts typically employ either a CAUTION or a WARNING alert severity level, or both. When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are displayed. Aural alerts are simultaneously issued. Annunciations appear in the lower right corner of the MFD display (Figure 6-60).
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Annunciations also appear on the PFD (Figure 6-61). Alert Annunciation Figure 6-61 Terrain Alert Annunciation on the PFD The aural alert voice gender is configurable on the AUX - System Setup Page to be either male or female. Annunciations appear on the PFD and MFD. Pop-up alerts appear only on the MFD. Pop-up terrain alerts (Figure 6-62) can also appear on the MFD during an alert, but only when the TAWS Page is not displayed. When an alert displays, the pilot can: • Press the CLR Key.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Table 6-7 shows the possible TAWS alert types with corresponding annunciations and aural messages. NOTE: Alerts with multiple messages are configurable at installation and are installation dependent.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Table 6-8 shows system status annunciations that may also be issued: Annunciations on the PFD/ MFD, Navigation Map, TAWS Page MFD Pop-Up Alert Aural Message TAWS System Test Fail None “TAWS System Failure” TAWS Alerting is disabled None None No GPS position or excessively degraded GPS signal None “TAWS Not Available” “TAWS Available” is generated when sufficient GPS signal is re-established.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE PREMATURE DESCENT ALERTING A Premature Descent Alert (PDA) is issued when the system detects that the aircraft is significantly below the normal approach path to a runway (Figure 6-63). PDA alerting begins when the aircraft is within 15 nm of the destination airport. PDA alerting ends when the aircraft is either: • 0.5 nm from the runway threshold OR • at an altitude of 125 feet AGL while within 1.0 nm of the threshold.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Figure 6-64 Inhibiting TAWS Inhibiting and enabling TAWS: 1) Select the TAWS Page. 2) Press the INHIBIT Softkey. To enable TAWS, press the INHIBIT Softkey again. OR: 1) Press the MENU Key. ‘Inhibit TAWS’ or ‘Enable TAWS’ is highlighted. 2) Press the ENT Key. The TAWS system is inhibited or enabled, depending on the previous status. The annunciation is displayed in the terrain annunciator field whenever terrain is inhibited. 190-00494-00 Rev.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE EXCESSIVE DESCENT RATE ALERT The purpose of the Excessive Descent Rate (EDR) alert is to provide suitable notification when the aircraft is determined to be closing (descending) upon terrain at an excessive speed. Figure 6-65 shows the parameters for the alert as defined by TSO-C151b.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE ��������������������������� Figure 6-66 shows the NCR alerting parameters as defined by TSO-C151b. ���� ��� ��� ��� ������������ ��� �� � ��� � ��� � ��� � ��� � ���� � ���� � ��� �������������������� Figure 6-66 Negative Climb Rate (NCR) Alert Criteria ‘FIVE-HUNDRED’ AURAL ALERT The purpose of the aural alert message “Five-Hundred” is to provide an advisory alert to the pilot that the aircraft is 500 feet above terrain.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE 6.4 TRAFFIC INFORMATION SERVICE (TIS) Warning: The Traffic Information Service (TIS) is intended for advisory use only. TIS is intended to help the pilot locate traffic visually. It is the responsibility of the pilot to see and maneuver to avoid traffic. NOTE: TIS is available only when the aircraft is within the service volume of a TIS-capable terminal radar site. Aircraft without an operating transponder are invisible to both Traffic Advisory Systems (TAS) and TIS.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE The altitude difference between the client aircraft and other intruder aircraft is displayed either above or below the traffic symbol in hundreds of feet. If the other aircraft is above the client aircraft, the altitude data displays above the traffic symbol. If the other aircraft is below the client aircraft, the altitude data displays below the traffic symbol. Altitude trend is displayed as an up or down arrow (±500 fpm in either direction) to the right of the target symbol.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TIS ALERTS When the number of TAs on the Traffic Map Page increases from one scan to the next, the following occur: • A single “Traffic” voice alert is generated. • A flashing black-on-yellow ‘TRAFFIC’ Annunciation (Figure 6-68) appears to the top left of the Attitude Indicator on the PFD for five seconds and remains displayed until no TAs are detected in the area. • The PFD Inset Map is automatically displayed with traffic. This reduces the amount of nuisance alerts due to proximate aircraft.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TIS POWER-UP TEST The G1000 performs and automatic test during power-up. If TIS passes the power-up test, the standby screen displays on the Traffic Map Page. If the aircraft is airborne during the test, traffic displays on the Traffic Map Page. If TIS fails the power up test, one of the following traffic alert messages display in yellow in the center of the screen: • NO DATA - Data is not being received from the transponder.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE TRAFFIC MAP PAGE The Traffic Map Page is in the Map Group and displays the following information: • Current aircraft location • Surrounding TIS traffic • Range Marking Rings - The range at which traffic is being displayed on the Traffic Map Page • Current Traffic Mode - Indicates if TIS is in Standby or Operate mode • Traffic Alert Message - Displays in yellow in the center of the Traffic Map Page • Traffic Status Banner - Displays in the lower left corner of the Traffic Map Page Displaying traffic
HAZARD AVOIDANCE CURRENT TRAFFIC MODE Once the aircraft is airborne, TIS switches from Standby to Operating mode. The G1000 displays ‘TIS OPERATING’ in the upper left corner and begins to display traffic on the Traffic Map Page. TIS Traffic Advisories (TA) are issued to alert the crew to intruding aircraft. Once the aircraft is on the ground, TIS switches from operating mode to standby mode. The Traffic Map Page displays ‘STANDBY’.
HAZARD AVOIDANCE Customizing traffic display on the Navigation Map Page: 1) On the Navigation Map Page, press the MENU Key. 2) While the ‘Map Setup’ selection is highlighted on the Page Menu, press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the ‘Traffic’ group and press the ENT Key.
AFCS SECTION 7 AUTOMATIC FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM 7.1 AFCS OVERVIEW NOTE: The approved Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) always supersedes this Pilot’s Guide. The GFC 700 is a digital Automatic Flight Control System (AFCS), fully integrated within the G1000 System avionics architecture. The System Overview section provides a block diagram to support this system description.
AFCS AFCS CONTROL UNIT The AFCS Control Unit is positioned above the MFD, and has the following controls: 1 2 3 4 HDG Key APR Key Selects/deselects Heading Select Mode NAV Key FD Key Selects/deselects Navigation Mode Activates/deactivates the flight director only Pressing once turns on the pilot-side flight director in the default vertical and lateral modes. Pressing again deactivates the flight director and removes the Command Bars. If the autopilot is engaged, the key is disabled.
AFCS ADDITIONAL AFCS CONTROLS The following AFCS controls are located separately from the AFCS Control Unit: AP DISC Switch (Autopilot Disconnect) CWS Button (Control Wheel Steering) Disengages the autopilot, yaw damper, and flight director and interrupts pitch trim operation An AP DISC Switch is located on each control wheel. This switch may be used to acknowledge an autopilot disconnect alert and mute the associated aural tone.
AFCS 7.2 FLIGHT DIRECTOR OPERATION The flight director function provides pitch and roll commands to the AFCS and displays them on the PFDs. With the flight director active, the aircraft can be hand-flown to follow the path shown by the Command Bars. Maximum commanded pitch (±20°) and roll (Table 7-3) angles, vertical acceleration, and roll rate are limited to values established during AFCS certification. The flight director also provides commands to the autopilot.
AFCS SWITCHING FLIGHT DIRECTORS The GFC 700 in the Cessna Citation Mustang has two flight directors, each operating within an IAU. Only one flight director is active (selected) at a time. Flight directors may be switched by pressing the XFR Key. Both PFDs display the selected flight director, indicated by an arrow pointing toward either the pilot or copilot side, in the center of the AFCS Status Box. The annunciator light arrow for the selected flight director is also illuminated beside the XFR Key.
AFCS 7.3 FLIGHT DIRECTOR MODES Flight director modes are normally selected independently for the pitch and roll axes. Unless otherwise specified, all mode keys are alternate action (i.e., press on, press off). In the absence of specific mode selection, the flight director reverts to the default pitch and/or roll modes(s). Mode keys on the AFCS controller are accompanied by annunciator lights (Figure 7-1) which are illuminated when their respective modes are armed or active.
AFCS • VNV Target Altitude Capture — Captures the Vertical Navigation (VNV) Target Altitude • Glidepath — Captures and tracks the WAAS glidepath on approach • Glideslope — Captures and tracks the ILS glideslope on approach • Takeoff — Automatically disengages the autopilot and commands a constant pitch angle and wings level on the ground in preparation for takeoff • Go Around — Automatically disengages the autopilot and commands a constant pitch angle and wings level while in the air Table 7-1 lists the ver
AFCS PITCH HOLD MODE (PIT) When the flight director is activated (the FD Key is pressed) or switched, Pitch Hold Mode is selected by default. Pitch Hold Mode is indicated as the active vertical mode by the ‘PIT’ annunciation. This mode may be used for climb or descent to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter), since Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed when the mode is activated. In Pitch Hold Mode, the flight director maintains a constant pitch attitude, the pitch reference.
AFCS SELECTED ALTITUDE CAPTURE MODE (ALTS) Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed with activation of the following modes: • Pitch Hold • Go Around • Vertical Speed • Vertical Path Tracking (if the Selected Altitude is to be captured instead of the VNV Target Altitude) • Flight Level Change The white ‘ALTS’ annunciation indicates Selected Altitude Capture Mode is armed (see Figure 7-7 for example).
AFCS ALTITUDE HOLD MODE (ALT) Altitude Hold Mode can be activated by pressing the ALT Key; the flight director maintains the current aircraft altitude (to the nearest 10 feet) as the Altitude Reference. The flight director’s Altitude Reference, shown in the AFCS Status Box, is independent of the Selected Altitude, displayed above the Altimeter. Altitude Hold Mode active is indicated by a green ‘ALT’ annunciation in the AFCS Status Box.
AFCS VERTICAL SPEED MODE (VS) In Vertical Speed Mode, the flight director acquires and maintains a Vertical Speed Reference. Current aircraft vertical speed (to the nearest 100 fpm) becomes the Vertical Speed Reference at the moment of Vertical Speed Mode activation. This mode may be used for climb or descent to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter) since Selected Altitude Capture Mode is automatically armed when Vertical Speed Mode is selected.
AFCS FLIGHT LEVEL CHANGE MODE (FLC) NOTE: The Selected Altitude should be set before selecting Flight Level Change Mode. Flight Level Change Mode is selected by pressing the FLC Key. This mode acquires and maintains the Airspeed Reference (in IAS or Mach) while climbing or descending to the Selected Altitude (shown above the Altimeter). When Flight Level Change Mode is active, the flight director continuously monitors Selected Altitude, airspeed, Mach, and altitude.
AFCS CHANGING THE AIRSPEED REFERENCE The Airspeed Reference (shown in both the AFCS Status Box and above the Airspeed Indicator) may be adjusted by: • Using the NOSE UP/DN Wheel • Pressing the CWS Button, hand-flying the aircraft to attain a new Airspeed Reference, then releasing the CWS Button During climb, the Airspeed Reference units automatically change from IAS to Mach when either the altitude or the airspeed listed in Table 7-2 are attained.
AFCS VERTICAL NAVIGATION MODES (VPTH, ALTV) NOTE: Refer to the GPS Navigation Section for more information on VNV flight plans. NOTE: VNV is disabled when parallel track or Dead Reckoning Mode is active. NOTE: The Selected Altitude takes precedence over any other vertical constraints. Vertical Navigation (VNV) flight control is available for enroute/terminal cruise and descent operations any time that VNV flight planning is available.
AFCS VERTICAL PATH TRACKING MODE (VPTH) NOTE: If another vertical mode key is pressed while Vertical Path Tracking Mode is selected, Vertical Path Tracking Mode reverts to armed. NOTE: Pressing the CWS Button while Vertical Path Tracking Mode is active does not cancel the mode. The autopilot guides the aircraft back to the descent path upon release of the CWS Button.
AFCS In conjunction with the “TOD [top of descent] within 1 minute” annunciation in the PFD Navigation Status Box and the “Vertical track” voice message, VNV indications (VNV Target Altitude, vertical deviation, and vertical speed required) appear on the PFDs in magenta (Figure 7-14). When a descent leg is captured (i.e., vertical deviation becomes valid), Vertical Path Tracking becomes active and tracks the descent profile (Figure 7-15). An altitude capture mode (‘ALTS’ or ‘ALTV’) is armed as appropriate.
AFCS If the Altimeter’s barometric setting is adjusted while Vertical Path Tracking is active, the flight director increases/decreases the descent rate by up to 500 fpm to re-establish the aircraft on the descent path (without commanding a climb). Adjusting the altimeter barometric setting creates discontinuities in VNV vertical deviation, moving the descent path. For large adjustments, it may take several minutes for the aircraft to reestablish on the descent path.
AFCS VNV TARGET ALTITUDE CAPTURE MODE (ALTV) NOTE: Armed VNV Target Altitude and Selected Altitude capture modes are mutually exclusive. However, Selected Altitude Capture Mode is armed implicitly (not annunciated) whenever VNV Target Altitude Capture Mode is armed. VNV Target Altitude Capture is analogous to Selected Altitude Capture Mode and is armed automatically after the VNV Key is pressed and the next VNV Target Altitude is to be intercepted before the Selected Altitude.
AFCS GLIDEPATH MODE (GP) NOTE: Pressing the CWS Button while Glidepath Mode is active does not cancel the mode. The autopilot guides the aircraft back to the glidepath upon release of the CWS Button. Glidepath Mode is used to track the WAAS-based glidepath. When Glidepath Mode is armed, ‘GP’ is annunciated in white in the AFCS Status Box. Selecting Glidepath Mode: 1) Ensure a GPS approach is loaded into the active flight plan.
AFCS GLIDESLOPE MODE (GS) NOTE: Pressing the CWS Button while Glideslope Mode is active does not cancel the mode. The autopilot guides the aircraft back to the glideslope upon release of the CWS Button. Glideslope Mode is available for LOC/ILS approaches to capture and track the glideslope. When Glideslope Mode is armed (annunciated as ‘GS’ in white), LOC Approach Mode is armed as the lateral flight director mode. Selecting Glideslope Mode: 1) Ensure a valid localizer frequency is tuned.
AFCS TAKEOFF (TO) AND GO AROUND (GA) MODES Go Around and Takeoff modes are coupled pitch and roll modes and are annunciated as both the vertical and lateral modes when active. In these modes, the flight director commands a constant set pitch attitude and keeps the wings level. The GA Switch is used to select both modes. The mode entered by the flight director depends on whether the aircraft is on the ground. Takeoff Mode provides an attitude reference during rotation and takeoff.
AFCS LATERAL MODES The GFC 700 in the Cessna Citation Mustang offers the following lateral modes: • Roll Hold (default mode) — Holds the current aircraft roll attitude or rolls the wings level, depending on the commanded bank angle • Low Bank — Limits the maximum commanded roll angle • Heading Select — Captures and tracks the Selected Heading • Navigation — Captures and tracks the selected navigation source (GPS, VOR, LOC) • Backcourse — Captures and tracks a localizer signal for backcourse approaches • Ap
AFCS ROLL HOLD MODE (ROL) NOTE: If Roll Hold Mode is activated as a result of a mode reversion, the flight director rolls the wings level. When the flight director is activated or switched, Roll Hold Mode is selected by default. This mode is annunciated as ‘ROL’ in the AFCS Status Box. The current aircraft bank angle is held, subject to the bank angle condition.
AFCS HEADING SELECT MODE (HDG) Heading Select Mode is activated by pressing the HDG Key. Heading Select Mode acquires and maintains the Selected Heading. The Selected Heading is shown by a light blue bug on the HSI and in the box to the upper left of the HSI. CHANGING THE SELECTED HEADING NOTE: Pressing the HDG Knob synchronizes the Selected Heading to the current heading. The Selected Heading is adjusted using the HDG Knob on either PFD.
AFCS NAVIGATION MODE (GPS, VOR, LOC) NOTE: The selected navigation receiver must have a valid VOR or LOC signal or active GPS course for the flight director to enter Navigation Mode. Pressing the NAV Key selects Navigation Mode. Navigation Mode acquires and tracks the selected navigation source (GPS, VOR, LOC). The flight director follows GPS roll steering commands when GPS is the selected navigation source.
AFCS CHANGING THE SELECTED COURSE The Selected Course on each PFD is controlled using the CRS1 and CRS2 knobs. Pressing the CWS Button and hand-flying the aircraft does not change the Selected Course while in Navigation Mode. The autopilot guides the aircraft back to the Selected Course (or GPS flight plan) when the CWS Button is released.
AFCS APPROACH MODE (GPS, VAPP, LOC) NOTE: The selected navigation receiver must have a valid VOR or LOC signal or active GPS course for the flight director to enter Approach Mode. Approach Mode is activated when the APR Key is pressed. Approach Mode acquires and tracks the selected navigation source (GPS, VOR, or LOC), depending on loaded approach. This mode uses the selected navigation receiver deviation and desired course inputs to fly the approach.
AFCS LOC Approach Mode allows the autopilot to fly a LOC/ILS approach with a glideslope. When LOC Approach Mode is armed, Glideslope Mode is also armed automatically. LOC captures are inhibited if the difference between aircraft heading and localizer course exceeds 105°. Selecting LOC Approach Mode: 1) Ensure a valid localizer frequency is tuned. 2) Ensure that LOC is the selected navigation source (use the CDI Softkey to cycle through navigation sources if necessary). 3) Press the APR Key.
AFCS BACKCOURSE MODE (BC) NOTE: When making a backcourse approach, set the Selected Course to the localizer front course. Backcourse Mode captures and tracks a localizer signal in the backcourse direction. The mode may be selected by pressing the BC Key. Backcourse Mode is armed if the CDI is greater than one dot when the mode is selected. The flight director creates roll steering commands from the Selected Course and deviation when in Backcourse Mode.
AFCS 7.4 AUTOPILOT AND YAW DAMPER OPERATION NOTE: Refer to the AFM for specific instructions regarding emergency procedures. The Cessna Citation Mustang’s autopilot and yaw damper operate the flight control surface servos to provide automatic flight control. The autopilot controls the aircraft pitch and roll attitudes following commands received from the flight director. Pitch autotrim provides trim commands to the pitch trim servo to relieve any sustained effort required by the pitch servo.
AFCS ENGAGEMENT NOTE: Autopilot engagement/disengagement is not equivalent to servo engagement/disengagement. Use the CWS Button to disengage the pitch and roll servos while the autopilot remains active. NOTE: The autopilot cannot be engaged if the yaw damper has failed. When the AP Key is pressed, the autopilot, yaw damper, and flight director (if not already active) are activated and the annunciator lights on the AFCS controller for the autopilot and yaw damper are illuminated.
AFCS DISENGAGEMENT NOTE: Pressing the AP Key does not disengage the yaw damper. The autopilot may be manually disengaged by pushing the AP DISC, GA, or MEPT ARM Switch, or the AP or YD Key on the AFCS Control Unit. Manual disengagement is indicated by a five-second flashing yellow ‘AP’ annunciation and a three-second autopilot disconnect aural alert. The AP DISC or MEPT ARM Switch may be used to cancel the aural alert.
AFCS 7.5 PROCEDURES NOTE: The diagrams in this section are for instructional purposes only and should not be used for navigation. This section provides a scenario-based set of procedures showing various GFC 700 AFCS modes used during a flight. In this scenario, the aircraft departs Charles B. Wheeler Downtown Airport (KMKC), enroute to Colorado Springs Airport (KCOS). After departure, the aircraft climbs to 12,000 ft and airway V4 is intercepted, following ATC vectors.
AFCS DEPARTURE Climbing to the Selected Altitude and flying an assigned heading: 1) Depart KMKC: a) Push the GA Switch to activate Takeoff Mode. The flight director Command Bars establish a 10° climb to follow. b) Use the ALT SEL Knob to set the Selected Altitude to 12,000 feet after takeoff. 2) In this example, Vertical Speed Mode is used to capture the Selected Altitude (Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, or Flight Level Change Mode may be used). a) Adjust the aircraft’s vertical speed to the desired 1,000 fpm.
AFCS �� ��� � �� ���� � �� � ������������������������������� �������� � ���� � � � ��� ��� ��� � ��� Figure 7-36 Departure 190-00494-00 Rev.
AFCS INTERCEPTING A VOR RADIAL During climb-out, the autopilot continues to fly the aircraft in Heading Select Mode. Airway V4 to Salina VOR (SLN) should now be intercepted. Since the enroute flight plan waypoints correspond to VORs, flight director Navigation Mode using either VOR or GPS as the navigation source may be used. In this scenario, VOR Navigation Mode is used for navigation to the first VOR waypoint in the flight plan. Intercepting a VOR radial: 1) Arm VOR Navigation Mode: a) Tune the VOR frequency.
AFCS FLYING A FLIGHT PLAN/GPS COURSE NOTE: Changing the navigation source cancels Navigation Mode and causes the flight director to revert back to Roll Hold Mode (wings rolled level). As the aircraft closes on Salina VOR, GPS is used to navigate the next leg, airway V244. The aircraft is currently tracking inbound on Airway V4. Flying a GPS flight plan: 1) Enter Salina VOR (SLN) into the GPS flight plan.
AFCS DESCENT While flying the arrival procedure, the aircraft is cleared for descent in preparation for the approach to KCOS. Three methods are presented for the descent from 12,000 ft: • Flight Level Change descent – Flight Level Change Mode can be used to descend to the Selected Altitude at a constant airspeed. This descent method does not account for flight plan waypoint altitude constraints.
AFCS Vertical Path Tracking descent to VNV Target Altitude: 1) Select VNV flight control: a) Press the VNV Key to arm Vertical Path Tracking Mode. The white annunciation ‘VPTH’ appears. b) Using the ALT SEL Knob, set the Selected Altitude at least 75 feet below the VNV Target Altitude of 10,000 feet. c) If Vertical Path Tracking Mode is armed more than 5 minutes prior to descent path capture, acknowledgment is required for the flight director to transition from Altitude Hold to Vertical Path Tracking Mode.
AFCS Non-path descent using Flight Level Change Mode: 1) Command a non-path descent using Flight Level Change Mode: a) Using the ALT SEL Knob, set the Selected Altitude below the current aircraft altitude to 9,400 feet. b) Press the FLC Key before the planned TOD during a vertical profile level leg (tracked using Altitude Hold Mode). The Airspeed Reference defaults to the current aircraft airspeed. Vertical Path Tracking and Selected Altitude Capture Mode is armed automatically.
AFCS �� �� �� �� � ������� ��� � ��� �������� � �� ��� �� �� � �� � ������������������������������ ���������������������������������� � �� ��� ��� � ��� � �������� �� ��� � �� �� ��� ��������������������������������� �� � ��� �������� ����������������� 3 nm ����� ����� Figure 7-41 Non-path Descent 190-00494-00 Rev.
AFCS APPROACH Flying an ILS approach: 1) Transition from GPS Navigation Mode to Heading Select Mode. a) Load the Runway 35L ILS approach for KCOS into the flight plan and select ‘VECTORS’ for the transition. b) Use the HDG Knob to set the Selected Heading after getting vectors from ATC. c) Press the HDG Key. The autopilot turns the aircraft to the desired heading. d) Use Heading Select Mode to comply with ATC vectors as requested. 2) Arm LOC Approach and Glideslope modes. a) Tune the localizer frequency.
AFCS Flying a WAAS precision approach: 1) Arm flight director modes for a precision approach: a) Make sure the navigation source is set to GPS (use CDI Softkey to change navigation source). b) Load the Runway 35R LPV approach for KCOS into the flight plan. 2) Press the APR Key once clearance for approach has been acquired. GPS Approach Mode is activated (provided the crosstrack error is less than 2 nm) and Glidepath Mode is armed. 3) Once the glidepath is captured, Glidepath Mode becomes active.
AFCS GO AROUND/MISSED APPROACH NOTE: As a result of calculations performed by the system while flying the holding pattern, the display may re-size automatically and the aircraft may not precisely track the holding pattern. Flying a missed approach: 1) Push the GA Switch at the Decision height and apply full power to execute a missed approach. The flight director Command Bars establish a nose-up climb to follow.
AFCS 4 MOGAL GPS NAV Mode 3 2 GA Mode KCOS 1 Figure 7-44 Go Around/Missed Approach 190-00494-00 Rev.
AFCS 7.6 AFCS ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTS AFCS STATUS ALERTS The annunciations in Table 7-5 (listed in order of increasing priority) can appear on the PFDs above the Airspeed and Attitude indicators. Only one annunciation may occur at a time, and messages are prioritized by criticality.
AFCS OVERSPEED PROTECTION While Pitch Hold, Vertical Speed, Flight Level Change, Vertical Path Tracking, or an altitude capture mode is active, airspeed is monitored by the flight director and pitch commands are limited for overspeed protection. Overspeed protection is provided in situations where the flight director cannot acquire and maintain the mode reference for the selected vertical mode without exceeding the certified maximum autopilot airspeed.
AFCS BLANK PAGE 7-48 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SECTION 8 ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: The availability of SafeTaxi, ChartView, or FliteCharts in electronic form does not preclude the requirement to carry paper charts aboard the aircraft. See AC 120-76A for more information. Additional features of G1000 include SafeTaxi™ diagrams, ChartView and FliteCharts™ electronic charts, and XM Radio entertainment for the passengers.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Any map page that displays the navigation view can also show the SafeTaxi airport layout within the maximum configured range.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Configuring SafeTaxi Range: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the ‘Map Setup’ Menu Option and press the ENT Key. Figure 8-2 Navigation Map PAGE MENU, Map Setup Option 3) Turn the FMS Knob to select the Aviation Group and press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the Aviation Group options to ‘SAFETAXI’. 5) Turn the small FMS Knob to display the range of distances.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SAFETAXI CYCLE NUMBER AND REVISION SafeTaxi database is revised every 56 days. SafeTaxi is always available for use after the expiration date. When turning on the G1000, the Power-up Page indicates whether the databases are current, out of date, or not available. The Power-up Page shows the SafeTaxi database is current when the ‘SafeTaxi Expires’ date is shown in white. When the SafeTaxi cycle has expired, the ‘SafeTaxi Expires’ date appears in yellow.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The SafeTaxi Region, Version, Cycle, Effective date and Expires date of the database cycle can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. SafeTaxi information appears in blue and yellow text. The ‘EXPIRES’ date appears in blue when data is current and in yellow when expired (Figures 8-5 and 8-6). SafeTaxi ‘REGION NOT AVAILABLE’ appears in blue if SafeTaxi data is not available on the database card (Figure 8-6). Expired SafeTaxi data is never disabled.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The other two possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown in Figure 8-6. The ‘EFFECTIVE’ date is the beginning date for this database cycle. ‘EXPIRES’ date is the revision date for the next database cycle. ‘NOT AVAILABLE’ indicates that SafeTaxi is not available on the database card or no database card is inserted.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.2 CHARTVIEW ChartView resembles the paper version of Jeppesen terminal procedures charts. The charts are displayed in full color with high-resolution. The MFD depiction shows the aircraft position on the moving map in the plan view of approach charts and on airport diagrams. The ChartView database subscription is available from Jeppesen, Inc.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES TERMINAL PROCEDURES CHARTS Selecting Terminal Procedures Charts: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airport Page, or Flight Plan Page, press the SHW CHRT Softkey. OR: 2) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu to ‘Show Chart’. 4) Press the ENT Key to display the chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES When a chart is not available from the Navigation Map Page by pressing the SHW CHRT Softkey or selecting a Page Menu Option, charts may be obtained from the WPT Pages or Flight Plan Pages. Figure 8-11 Waypoint Information Page OPTIONS Menu If a chart is available for the destination airport, or the airport selected in the flight plan, it appears on the screen.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting a chart: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, press the SHW CHRT Softkey. The airport diagram will be displayed on the Airport Information Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to select either the Airport Identifier Box or the Approach Box. 4) Turn the small and large FMS Knob to enter the desired airport identifier. 5) Press the ENT Key to complete the airport selection. 6) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Approach Box.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SHOW CHART OPTIONS Pressing the CHRT Softkey switches between the ChartView diagram and the navigation map (SafeTaxi airport diagram at selected ranges) on the Airport Information Page. Position of Aircraft on Chart Press CHRT Softkey to Switch Between SafeTaxi and ChartView Airport Diagram Figure 8-13 Airport Information Page, SafeTaxi and ChartView 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the INFO Softkey returns to the airport diagram when the view is on a different chart. If the displayed chart is the airport diagram, the INFO Softkey will have no effect. The aircraft position is shown in magenta on the ChartView diagrams when the location of the aircraft is within the chart boundaries. In Figure 8-14, the aircraft is taxiing on Taxiway Alpha on the Charlotte, NC (KCLT) airport.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES In the example shown in Figure 8-14, the Class B Chart is selected. Pressing the ENT Key displays the Charlotte Class B Airspace Chart (Figure 8-15). Figure 8-15 Airport Information Page, Class B Chart Selected from INFO View Pressing the DP Softkey displays the Departure Procedure Chart if available. Chart Not To Scale Aircraft Not Shown Icon Figure 8-16 Departure Information Page 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the STAR Softkey displays the Standard Terminal Arrival Chart if available. Chart Not To Scale Zoom and Scroll Through the Chart With the Joystick Aircraft Not Shown Icon Figure 8-17 Arrival Information Page Pressing the APR Softkey displays the approach chart for the airport if available. Figure 8-18 Approach Information Page 8-14 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the WX Softkey shows the airport weather frequency information, and includes weather data such as METAR and TAF from the XM Data Link Receiver, when available. WX Info on This Airport When Available Figure 8-19 Weather Information Page 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: A subdued softkey label indicates the function is disabled. Recent NOTAMS applicable to the current ChartView cycle are included in the ChartView database. Pressing the NOTAM Softkey shows the local NOTAM information for selected airports, when available. When NOTAMS are not available, the NOTAM Softkey label appears subdued and is disabled as shown in Figure 8-19.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Local NOTAM on This Airport Figure 8-21 Airport Information Page, Local NOTAMs NOTAM Softkey Selected Pressing the NOTAM Softkey again removes the NOTAMS information. Pressing the GO BACK Softkey reverts to the previous page (Navigation Map Page, Nearest Pages, or Flight Plan Page). 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHART OPTIONS Pressing the CHRT OPT Softkey displays the next level of softkeys, the chart options level (Figure 8-7). Pressing the ALL Softkey shows the entire approach chart on the screen. By pressing the ALL Softkey from another view, the approach chart is shown in its entirety. Entire Chart Shown Figure 8-22 Approach Information Page, ALL View 8-18 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the HEADER Softkey shows the header view (approach chart briefing strip) on the screen. Approach Chart Briefing Strip Figure 8-23 Approach Information Page, Header View Pressing the PLAN Softkey shows the approach chart two dimensional plan view. Approach Chart Plan View Figure 8-24 Approach Information Page, Plan View 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the PROFILE Softkey displays the approach chart descent profile strip. Approach Chart Descent Profile Strip Figure 8-25 Approach Information Page, Profile View, Full Screen Width Pressing the MINIMUMS Softkey displays the minimum descent altitude/visibility strip at the bottom of the approach chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES If the zoom range has been adjusted to view a small area of the chart, pressing the FIT WIDTH Softkey changes the chart size to fit the available screen width. Position of Aircraft on Chart Press FIT WDTH Softkey to Show Full Chart Width Figure 8-27 Airport Information Page, FIT WDTH Softkey Selected 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the FULL SCN Softkey switches between showing only the chart and the chart plus the data window at the right with the chart in the center. Selecting Additional Information: 1) While viewing the Airport Taxi Diagram, press the FULL SCN Softkey to display the information windows (AIRPORT, INFO). 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the AIRPORT, INFO, or FREQUENCIES Box (INFO Box shown.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES DAY/NIGHT VIEW Selecting Day, Night, or Automatic View: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the ‘Chart Setup’ Menu Option and press the ENT Key. Figure 8-29 Waypoint Information Page, OPTIONS Menu 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to move between the ‘FULL SCREEN’ and ‘COLOR SCHEME’ Options (Figure 8-30). 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to choose between the ‘On’ and ‘Off’ Full Screen Options.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The Day View offers a better presentation in a bright flight deck environment. The Night View gives a better presentation for viewing in a dark environment. When the CHART SETUP Box is selected the G1000 softkeys are blank. Figure 8-30 Arrival Information Page, Day View Figure 8-31 Arrival Information Page, Night View 8-24 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHARTVIEW CYCLE NUMBER AND EXPIRATION DATE ChartView database is revised every 14 days. Charts are still viewable during a period that extends from the cycle expiration date to the disables date. ChartView is disabled 70 days after the expiration date and is no longer available for viewing upon reaching the disables date. When turning on the G1000, the Power-up Page indicates any of nine different possible criteria for ChartView availability.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Examples of four possible Power-up Page conditions are shown in Figure 8-32. ‘ChartView Disables’ plus a date in white, indicates chart data is current. This indication for normal operation shows how long the charts may be viewed. ‘Chart data update available.’ in white, indicates the chart data cycle has expired within the past week and the next chart cycle is available. ‘Chart data is out of date!’ in yellow, indicates charts are still viewable, but approaching the disable date.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: A subdued softkey label indicates the function is disabled. The ChartView time critical information can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. The database ‘CYCLE’ number, ‘EXPIRES’, and ‘DISABLES’ dates of the ChartView subscription appear in either blue or yellow text. When the ChartView ‘EXPIRES’ date is reached, ChartView becomes inoperative 70 days later. This is shown as the ‘DISABLES’ date.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The other three possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown in Figure 8-34. The ‘EXPIRES’ date, in yellow, is the revision date for the next database cycle. The ‘DISABLES’ date, in yellow, is the date that this database cycle is no longer viewable. ‘REGION’ and ‘CYCLE’ ‘NOT AVAILABLE’ in blue, indicate that no ChartView data is available on the database card or no database card is inserted.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.3 FLITECHARTS FliteCharts resemble the paper version of National Aeronautical Charting Office (NACO) terminal procedures charts. The charts are displayed with high-resolution and in color for applicable charts. FliteCharts database subscription is available from Garmin. Available data includes: • Arrivals (STAR) • Approaches • Departure Procedures (DP) • Airport Diagrams FLITECHARTS SOFTKEYS FliteCharts functions are displayed on three levels of softkeys.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES TERMINAL PROCEDURES CHARTS Selecting Terminal Procedures Charts: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, Nearest Airport Page, or Flight Plan Page, press the SHW CHRT Softkey. OR: 2) Press the MENU Key to display the PAGE MENU. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to scroll through the OPTIONS Menu to ‘Show Chart’. 4) Press the ENT Key to display the chart.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES When a chart is not available from the Navigation Map Page by pressing the SHW CHRT Softkey or selecting a Page Menu Option, charts may be obtained from the WPT Pages or Flight Plan Pages. Figure 8-39 Waypoint Information Page OPTIONS Menu If a chart is available for the destination airport, or the airport selected in the flight plan, it appears on the screen.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Selecting a chart: 1) While viewing the Navigation Map Page, press the SHW CHRT Softkey. The airport diagram will be displayed on the Airport Information Page. 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to select either the Airport Identifier Box or the Approach Box. 4) Turn the small and large FMS Knob to enter the desired airport identifier. 5) Press the ENT Key to complete the airport selection. 6) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Approach Box.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES SHOW CHART OPTIONS Pressing the CHRT Softkey switches between the FliteCharts diagram and the navigation map (SafeTaxi airport diagram at selected ranges) on the Airport Information Page. Position of Aircraft on Screen Aircraft Not Shown on FliteCharts Press CHRT Softkey to Switch Between SafeTaxi and FliteCharts Airport Diagram Figure 8-41 Airport Information Page, SafeTaxi and FliteCharts 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the INFO Softkey returns to the airport diagram when the view is on a different chart. If the displayed chart is the airport diagram, the INFO Softkey will have no effect. Another source for additional airport information is from the INFO Box above the chart (Figure 8-41) or to the right of the chart (Figure 8-42) for certain airports. This information source is not related to the INFO Softkey. When the INFO Box is selected using the FMS Knob, the G1000 softkeys are blank.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES In the example shown in Figure 8-42, ‘ALTERNATE MINIMUMS’ is selected. Pressing the ENT Key displays the IFR Alternate Minimums Chart (Figure 8-43). Figure 8-43 Airport Information Page, ALTERNATE MINIMUMS Selected from INFO View Pressing the DP Softkey displays the Departure Procedure Chart if available. Figure 8-44 Departure Information Page 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the STAR Softkey displays the Standard Terminal Arrival Chart if available. Zoom and Scroll Through the Chart With the Joystick Figure 8-45 Arrival Information Page Pressing the APR Softkey displays the approach chart for the airport if available. Zoom and Scroll Through the Chart With the Joystick Figure 8-46 Approach Information Page 8-36 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the WX Softkey shows the airport weather frequency information, when available, and includes weather data such as METAR and TAF from the XM Data Link Receiver. Selecting Additional Information: 1) While viewing the Airport Taxi Diagram, press the WX Softkey to display the information windows (AIRPORT, INFO). 2) Press the FMS Knob to activate the cursor. 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the INFO Box. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the INFO Box choices.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CHART OPTIONS Pressing the CHRT OPT Softkey displays the next level of softkeys, the chart options level (Figure 8-35). Pressing the ALL Softkey shows the entire chart on the screen. By pressing the ALL Softkey from another view, the approach chart is shown in its entirety. Entire Chart Shown Figure 8-48 Airport Information Page, ALL View Selected 8-38 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES If the zoom range has been adjusted to view a small area of the chart, pressing the FIT WIDTH Softkey changes the chart size to fit the available screen width. Press FIT WDTH Softkeys to Show Full Chart Width Figure 8-49 Approach Information Page, FIT WDTH Softkey Selected 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Pressing the FULL SCN Softkey switches between showing the chart on the entire screen and including the data window on the right with the chart in the center. Press FULL SCN Softkey to Switch Between Full Screen Chart and Chart With Info Window Figure 8-50 Airport Information Page, Full Screen and Info Window Pressing the BACK Softkey, or waiting for 45 seconds reverts to the chart selection softkeys. 8-40 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES DAY/NIGHT VIEW Selecting Day, Night, or Automatic View: 1) While viewing a terminal chart press the MENU Key to display the Page Menu OPTIONS. 2) Turn the large FMS Knob to highlight the ‘Chart Setup’ Menu Option and press the ENT Key. Figure 8-51 Waypoint Information Page, OPTIONS Menu 3) Turn the large FMS Knob to move between the ‘FULL SCREEN’ and ‘COLOR SCHEME’ Options. 4) Turn the small FMS Knob to choose between the ‘On’ and ‘Off’ Full Screen Options.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The Day View offers a better presentation on a bright flight deck environment. The Night View gives a better presentation for viewing in a dark environment. When the CHART SETUP Box is selected the G1000 softkeys are blank. Figure 8-52 Approach Information Page, Day View Figure 8-53 Approach Information Page, Night View 8-42 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES FLITECHARTS CYCLE NUMBER AND EXPIRATION DATE FliteCharts data is revised every 28 days. Charts are still viewable during a period that extends from the cycle expiration date to the disables date. FliteCharts is disabled 180 days after the expiration date and are no longer available for viewing upon reaching the disables date. When turning on the G1000, the Power-up Page indicates any of five different possible criteria for chart availability.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES Examples of four possible Power-up Page messages are shown in Figure 8-54. ‘FliteCharts Expires’ plus a date in white, indicates the chart database is current. ‘Chart data is out of date!’ in yellow, indicates charts are still viewable, but approaching the disable date. When the 180 day grace period has expired, ‘Chart data is disabled.’ in yellow indicates that the FliteCharts database has expired and is no longer viewable.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES NOTE: A subdued softkey label indicates the function is disabled. FliteCharts time critical information can also be found on the AUX - System Status page. The FliteCharts database ‘REGION’, ‘CYCLE’ number, ‘EFFECTIVE’, ‘EXPIRES’, and ‘DISABLES’ dates of the subscription appear in either blue or yellow text. Dates shown in blue are current data. Dates shown in yellow indicate the data is not within the current subscription period.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES The other three possible AUX - System Status page conditions are shown in Figure 8-56. The ‘EXPIRES’ date, in yellow, is the revision date for the next database cycle. The ‘DISABLES’ date, in yellow, is the date that this database cycle is no longer viewable. ‘REGION’ and ‘CYCLE’ ‘NOT AVAILABLE’ in blue, indicate that FliteCharts database is not available on the database card or no database card is inserted.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES 8.4 XM RADIO ENTERTAINMENT (OPTIONAL) NOTE: Refer to the Hazard Avoidance Section for information about XM Weather products. The optional XM Radio entertainment feature of the GDL 69A Data Link Receiver is available for the passengers’ enjoyment. The XM Radio entertainment feature of the Data Link Receiver is explained in this section. XM SATELLITE RADIO SERVICE Digital audio entertainment is available through the XM Satellite Radio Service, received by the GDL 69A Data Link Receiver.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES XM SERVICE ACTIVATION NOTE: The LOCK Softkey on the XM Information Page (Auxiliary Page Group) is used to save GDL 69A activation data when the XM services are initially set up. It is not used during normal XM Radio operation, but there should be no adverse effects if inadvertently selected during flight. Refer to the GDL 69/69A XM Satellite Radio Activation Instructions (190-00355-04, Rev F or later) for further information.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES USING XM RADIO The XM Radio Page provides information and control of the audio entertainment features of the XM Satellite Radio. Selecting the XM Radio Page: 1) Turn the large FMS Knob to select the Auxiliary Page Group. 2) Turn the small FMS Knob to select the displayed AUX - XM Information Page. 3) Press the RADIO Softkey to show the XM Radio Page where audio entertainment is controlled. Active Channels Channel List Categories Field Figure 8-58 XM Radio Page 190-00494-00 Rev.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES ACTIVE CHANNEL AND CHANNEL LIST The Active Channel Box on the XM Radio Page displays the currently selected channel that the XM Radio is using. The Channels List Box of the XM Radio Page shows a list of the available channels for the selected category. Channels can be stepped through one at a time or may be selected directly by channel number. Stepping through channels one at a time: 1) While on the XM Radio Page, press the CHNL Softkey.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES CATEGORY The Category Box of the XM Radio Page displays the currently selected category of audio. Categories of channels such as jazz, rock, or news can be selected to list the available channels for a type of music or other contents. One of the optional categories is ‘PRESETS’ to view channels that have been programmed. Selecting a category: 1) Select the CATGRY Softkey on the XM Radio Page. 2) Press the CAT + and CAT - Softkeys to cycle through the categories.
ADDITIONAL FEATURES PRESETS Up to 15 channels from any category can be assigned a preset number. The Preset channels are selected by pressing the PRESETS and MORE Softkeys. Then the preset channel can be selected directly and added to the channel list for the Presets category. Setting a preset channel number: 1) On the XM Radio Page, while listening to an Active Channel that is wanted for a preset, press the PRESETS Softkey to access the first five preset channels (PS1 - PS5).
APPENDIX A ANNUNCIATIONS AND ALERTS CAS MESSAGES Inhibits Warning Caution Advisory Description ESI TOPI AIR LOPI ESDI EMER GND Messages X X X X AFT DOOR AFT JBOX CB L-R* AFT JBOX LMT L-R* ANTISKID FAIL BATTERY O’TEMP BATTERY O’TEMP BATT TEMP FAIL CABIN ALT CABIN ALT CABIN ALT CABIN DOOR CHECK DOORS DUCT O’HEAT L-R* ENG A/I COLD L-R* ENG A/I COLD L-R* ENG CTRL SYS L-R* F/W SHUTOFF L-R* FLAPS FAIL FUEL BOOST L-R* FUEL FLTR BP L-R* FUEL LVL LO L-R* FUEL PRES LO L-R* GEN OFF L-R OIL PRESS LO L-R* GEN
APPENDIX A Red annunciation window text signifies warnings; yellow, cautions; and white, annunciation advisories. See the Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) for recommended pilot actions. COMPARATOR ANNUNCIATIONS The Comparator monitors critical values generated by redundant sensors. If differences in the sensors exceed a specified amount, this discrepency will be annunciated in the Comparator Window as a ‘MISCOMP’ (miscompare) as seen in Figure A-1.
APPENDIX A REVERSIONARY SENSOR ANNUNCIATIONS Reversionary sensor selection is annunciated in the Reversionary Sensor Window, as shown in Figure A-2. These annunciations reflect reversionary sensors selected on one or both PFDs. Pressing the SENSOR Softkey gives access to ADC1, ADC2, AHRS1, and AHRS2 Softkeys. These softkeys allow manual switching of sensors. In the case of certain types of sensor failures, the G1000 may make some sensor selections automatically. The GPS sensor cannot be switched manually.
APPENDIX A NOTE: Upon power-up of the G1000 system, certain windows remain invalid as G1000 equipment begins to initialize. All windows should be operational within one minute of power-up. Should any window continue to remain flagged, the G1000 system should be serviced by a Garmin-authorized repair facility.
APPENDIX A System Annunciation Comment Attitude and Heading Reference System is aligning. Display system is not receiving attitude information from the AHRS. Indicates a configuration module failure. This annunciation will only be seen when the autopilot is engaged. The annunciation indicates an AHRS monitor has detected an abnormal flight parameter, possibly caused by strong turbulence. In this case, the situation should correct itself within a few seconds.
APPENDIX A System Annunciation Comment Display system is not receiving valid transponder information. GPS information is either not present or is invalid for navigation use. Note that AHRS utilizes GPS inputs during normal operation. AHRS operation may be degraded if GPS signals are not present (see AFM). Other Various Red X Indications A red “X” through any other display field (such as engine instrumentation display) indicates that the field is not receiving valid data.
APPENDIX A MFD & PFD MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message PFD1 CONFIG – PFD1 configuration error. Config service req’d. PFD2 CONFIG – PFD2 configuration error. Config service req’d. MFD1 CONFIG – MFD1 configuration error. Config service req’d. SW MISMATCH – GDU software version mismatch. Xtalk is off. PFD1 COOLING – PFD1 has poor cooling. Reducing power usage. PFD2 COOLING – PFD2 has poor cooling. Reducing power usage. MFD1 COOLING – MFD1 has poor cooling. Reducing power usage. PFD1 “KEY” KEYSTK – Key is stuck.
APPENDIX A DATABASE MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 terrain database error exists. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 terrain database error exists. PFD2 DB ERR – PFD2 terrain database error exists. MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 obstacle database error exists. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 obstacle database error exists. PFD2 DB ERR – PFD2 obstacle database error exists. MFD1 DB ERR – MFD1 airport terrain database error exists. PFD1 DB ERR – PFD1 airport terrain database error exists.
APPENDIX A GMA 1347D MESSAGE ADVISORIES Message GMA1 FAIL – GMA1 is inoperative. GMA2 FAIL – GMA2 is inoperative. GMA XTALK – GMA crosstalk error has occurred. GMA1 CONFIG – GMA1 configuration error. Config service req’d. GMA2 CONFIG – GMA2 configuration error. Config service req’d. MANIFEST – GMA1 software mismatch. Communication halted. MANIFEST – GMA2 software mismatch. Communication halted. GMA1 SERVICE – GMA1 needs service. Return unit for repair. GMA2 SERVICE – GMA2 needs service. Return unit for repair.
APPENDIX A GIA 63W MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message HW MISMATCH – GIA hardware mismatch. GIA1 communication halted. HW MISMATCH – GIA hardware mismatch. GIA2 communication halted. MANIFEST – GIA1 software mismatch. Communication halted. MANIFEST – GIA2 software mismatch. Communication halted. COM1 TEMP – COM1 over temp. Reducing transmitter power. COM2 TEMP – COM2 over temp. Reducing transmitter power. COM1 SERVICE – COM1 needs service. Return unit for repair. COM2 SERVICE – COM2 needs service.
APPENDIX A GIA 63W MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message GPS1 FAIL – GPS1 is inoperative. GPS2 FAIL – GPS2 is inoperative. GPS1 SERVICE – GPS1 needs service. Return unit for repair. GPS2 SERVICE – GPS2 needs service. Return unit for repair. NAV1 SERVICE – NAV1 needs service. Return unit for repair. NAV2 SERVICE – NAV2 needs service. Return unit for repair. NAV1 RMT XFR – NAV1 remote transfer key is stuck. NAV2 RMT XFR – NAV2 remote transfer key is stuck. G/S1 FAIL – G/S1 is inoperative.
APPENDIX A GTX 33 & GTX 33D MESSAGE ADVISORIES Message XPDR1 CONFIG – XPDR1 config error. Config service req’d. XPDR2 CONFIG – XPDR2 config error. Config service req’d. MANIFEST – GTX1 software mismatch. Communication halted. MANIFEST – GTX2 software mismatch. Communication halted. XPDR1 SRVC – XPDR1 needs service. Return unit for repair. XPDR2 SRVC – XPDR2 needs service. Return unit for repair. XPDR1 FAIL – XPDR1 is inoperative. XPDR2 FAIL – XPDR2 is inoperative.
APPENDIX A GRS 77 MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message AHRS2 GPS – AHRS2 operating exclusively in no-GPS mode. AHRS MAG DB – AHRS magnetic model database version mismatch. AHRS1 SRVC – AHRS1 Magnetic-field model needs update. AHRS2 SRVC – AHRS2 Magnetic-field model needs update. GEO LIMITS – AHRS1 too far North/ South, no magnetic compass. GEO LIMITS – AHRS2 too far North/ South, no magnetic compass. MANIFEST – GRS1 software mismatch. Communication halted. MANIFEST – GRS2 software mismatch.
APPENDIX A GDC 74B MESSAGE ADVISORIES Message ADC1 ALT EC – ADC1 altitude error correction is unavailable. ADC2 ALT EC – ADC2 altitude error correction is unavailable. ADC1 AS EC – ADC1 airspeed error correction is unavailable. ADC2 AS EC – ADC2 airspeed error correction is unavailable. MANIFEST – GDC1 software mismatch. Communication halted. MANIFEST – GDC2 software mismatch. Communication halted. Comments GDC1 or GDC2 is reporting that the altitude error correction is unavailable.
APPENDIX A MISCELLANEOUS MESSAGE ADVISORIES Message Comments FPL WPT LOCK – Flight plan waypoint Upon power-up, the G1000 system detects that a stored flight plan waypoint is is locked. locked. This occurs when an aviation database update eliminates an obsolete waypoint. The flight plan cannot find the specified waypoint and flags this message. This can also occur with user waypoints in a flight plan that is deleted.
APPENDIX A MISCELLANEOUS MESSAGE ADVISORIES (CONT.) Message PTK FAIL – Bad geometry, parallel offset not activated. PTK FAIL – Invalid leg type, parallel offset not activated. PTK FAIL – Past IAF, parallel offset not activated. UNABLE V WPT – Can’t reach current vertical waypoint. VNV – Unavailable. Unsupported leg type in flight plan. VNV – Unavailable. Excessive crosstrack error. VNV – Unavailable. Excessive track angle error. VNV – Unavailable. Parallel course selected.
APPENDIX A AFCS ALERTS System Status Field Figure A-5 AFCS System Status Field The following alert annunciations appear in the AFCS System Status field on the PFD. Condition Pitch Failure Annunciation Description Pitch axis control failure. AP is inoperative. Roll Failure Roll axis control failure. AP is inoperative. MET Switch Stuck, or Pitch Trim Axis Control Failure System Failure If annunciated when AP is engaged, take control of the aircraft and disengage the autopilot.
APPENDIX A TAWS ALERTS Annunciations appear on the PFD and MFD. Pop-up alerts appear only on the MFD.
APPENDIX A TAWS SYSTEM STATUS ANNUNCIATIONS PFD/MFD TAWS Page Annunciation MFD Pop-Up Alert Aural Message TAWS System Test Fail None “TAWS System Failure” TAWS Alerting is disabled None None No GPS position or excessively degraded GPS signal None System Test in progress None “TAWS Not Available” “TAWS Availble” will be heard when sufficient GPS signal is re-established.
APPENDIX A BLANK PAGE A-20 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
APPENDIX B SD CARD USE The G1000 System uses Secure Digital (SD) cards to load and store various types of data. For basic flight operations, SD cards are required for database storage as well as Jeppesen aviation and ChartView database updates. JEPPESEN DATABASES The Jeppesen aviation database is updated on a 28-day cycle. The ChartView database is updated on a 14day cycle. If the ChartView database is not updated within 70 days of the expiration date, ChartView will no longer function.
APPENDIX B 4) After the update completes, the PFD starts in normal mode. 5) Turn the G1000 System OFF and remove the SD card. 6) Repeat steps 1 through 4 for the MFD. The MFD and PFD databases are now updated. Remove the SD card when finished. 7) Verify that the correct update cycle is loaded during startup of the MFD.
APPENDIX B new databases onto the existing Supplemental Data Cards.
APPENDIX B BLANK PAGE B-4 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
APPENDIX C GLOSSARY ACC ACT, ACTV ADC ADF ADI AF AFCS AFM AFMS AFRM AGL AHRS AIM AIRMET ALRT ALT ALT, ALTN AMPS ANNUNC ANT AP AP DISC APR APT ARINC ARSPC ARTCC ARV AS ASB ASOS ATC ATCRBS ATIS ATK AUTOSEQ AUX AWOS accuracy active, activate air data computer Automatic Direction Finder Attitude Direction Indicator Arc to fix Automatic Flight Control System Airplane Flight Manual Airplane Flight Manual Supplement airframe Above Ground Level Attitude and Heading Reference System Airman’s Information Manual Airm
APPENDIX C dBZ DCLTR, DECLTR DEC FUEL deg DEIC, DEICE DEP Desired Track DEST DF DFLT DGRD DH Dilution of Precision DIR DIS Distance DME DOP DP DPRT DR DSBL DTK E ECU Efficiency EGT EIS ELEV ELEV EMERGCY EMI ENDUR Endurance ENG ENGD ENR Enroute Safe Altitude ENT C-2 decibels ‘Z’ (radar return) declutter decrease fuel degree de-icing departure The desired course between the active “from” and “to” waypoints.
APPENDIX C GA gal, gl GBOX GDC GDL GDU GEA GEO GFC GIA GLS GMA GMT GMU GND gph GPS Grid MORA Groundspeed Ground Track GRS GS GTX HA HDG Heading go-around gallon(s) gearbox Garmin Air Data Computer Garmin Satellite Data Link Garmin Display Unit Garmin Engine/Airframe Unit geographic Garmin Flight Control Garmin Integrated Avionics Unit Global Navigation Satellite Landing System Garmin Audio Panel System Greenwich Mean Time Garmin Magnetometer Unit ground gallons per hour Global Positioning System Grid Mini
APPENDIX C C-4 LIFR LNAV LO LOC LOI LON LPV LRU LT LTNG LVL Low Instrument Flight Rules Lateral Navigation low localizer loss of integrity (GPS) longitude Localizer Performance with Vertical guidance Line Replacement Unit left lightning level NDB NEXRAD nm NPT NRST Non-directional Beacon Next Generation Radar nautical mile(s) O OAT OBS OFST OXY Outer Marker Outside Air Temperature Omni Bearing Selector offset oxygen M m MAG MAG VAR MAHP MAN IN MAN SQ MAP MASQ MAX MAXSPD MDA MET METAR MEPT MFD MGRS M
APPENDIX C rpm RST FUEL RSV RT RVRSNRY RX revolutions per minute reset fuel reserve (fuel reserve entered by pilot) right reversionary receive S SA SAT SBAS SCIT SD sec SEL, SLCT SFC SIAP SID SIGMET Sim SLP/SKD SMBL SPD SPI SPKR SQ SRVC, SVC STAL STAR STATS STBY STD STRMSCP SUA SUSP SW SYS south Selective Availability Static Air Temperature Satellite-Based Augmentation System Storm Cell Identification and Tracking Secure Digital second(s) select surface Standard Instrument Approach Procedures Standard Ins
APPENDIX C C-6 VNAV, VNV VOL VOR VORTAC VPL VPROF VPTH VR VS VSI VSR VTF vertical navigation volume VHF Omni-directional Range very high frequency omnidirectional range station and tactical air navigation Vertical Protection Level VNV profile, vertical profile VNV path, vertical path Heading Vector to Radial vertical speed Vertical Speed Indicator Vertical Speed Required vector to final W WAAS WARN WGS-84 WPT WW WX watt(s), west Wide Area Augmentation System warning (GPS position error) World Geodetic Sys
APPENDIX D FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS If a particular aspect of G1000 operational capability is not addressed by these commonly asked questions or in the index, contact Garmin (see the copyright page or back cover for contact information) or a Garmin-authorized dealer. Garmin is dedicated to supporting its products and customers. WHAT IS WAAS? The Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS) uses a system of ground stations to correct any GPS signal errors.
APPENDIX D For RAIM to work correctly, the GPS receiver must track at least five satellites. A minimum of six satellites is required to allow RAIM to eliminate a single corrupt satellite from the navigation solution. RAIM ensures that satellite geometry allows for a navigation solution calculation within a specified protection limit (2.0 nm for oceanic and en route, 1.0 nm for terminal, and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches).
APPENDIX D Normal (OBS not activated) • Automatic sequencing of waypoints OBS • Manual sequencing - ‘holds’ on selected waypoint • Manual course change on HSI not possible • Manually select course to waypoint from HSI • Always navigates ‘TO’ the active waypoint • Indicates ‘TO’ or ‘FROM’ waypoint • Must be in this mode for final approach course • Cannot be set for final approach course or published holding patterns When OBS mode is active, the G1000 allows the pilot to set a desired course to/from a w
APPENDIX D WHEN DOES THE CDI SCALE CHANGE? When 30 nm from the destination, the G1000 begins a smooth CDI scale transition from 5.0 nm (en route mode) to 1.0 nm (terminal mode). When 2 nm from the FAF during an active approach, the CDI scale transitions to 0.3 nm (approach mode). When executing a missed approach, the CDI can be returned to the 1.0 nm scale by selecting the SUSP Softkey. The CDI is also set to 1.0 nm (terminal mode) within 30 nm of the departure airport.
APPENDIX E GENERAL TIS INFORMATION INTRODUCTION NOTE: Aircraft without an operating transponder are invisible to TIS. The Traffic Information Service (TIS) provides traffic advisory information to non-TAS/TCAS-equipped aircraft. TIS is a ground-based service providing the relative locations of all ATCRBS Mode-A and Mode-C transponder equipped aircraft within a specified service volume. The TIS ground sensor uses real-time track reports to generate traffic notification.
APPENDIX E WARNING: Garmin is not responsible for Mode S geographical coverage. Operation of the ground stations is the responsibility of the FAA. Refer to the AIM for a Terminal Mode S radar site map. NOTE: TIS is unavailable at low altitudes in many areas of the United States. This is often the case in mountainous regions. TIS information is collected during a single radar sweep. Collected information is then sent through the Mode S uplink on the next radar sweep.
APPENDIX F DISPLAY SYMBOLS AIRPORT BASEMAP Item Symbol Item Symbol Item Symbol Interstate Highway Unknown Airport State Highway Non-towered, Non-serviced Airport US Highway Towered, Non-serviced Airport National Highway Non-towered, Serviced Airport Small City or Town Towered, Serviced Airport Medium City Restricted (Private) Airport Large City Heliport TRAFFIC NAVAIDS Item Symbol Intersection Non-Threat Traffic (hollow diamond) LOM (compass locator at outer marker) NDB (Non-directi
APPENDIX F LINE SYMBOLS Item Symbol ICAO Control Area Class B Airspace Mode C Tower Area Warning Area Alert Area Caution Area Danger Area Prohibited Area Restricted Area Training Area Unknown Area Class C Terminal Radar Service Area Mode C Area Military Operations Area (MOA) State or Province Border International Border Road Railroad Lattitude/Longitude OBSTACLE DATABASE Obstacle Symbol Unlighted Obstacle Lighted Obstacle < 1000 ft AGL > 1000 ft AGL < 1000 ft AGL > 1000 ft AGL Obstacle Color Obstacle
APPENDIX F TERRAIN COLOR CHART Potential Impact Point Projected Flight Path 100' Threshold ������ Unlighted Obstacle Terrain Color Red (WARNING) Yellow (CAUTION) Black (NO DANGER) Terrain Location Terrain at or within 100 ft below aircraft altitude Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft of aircraft altitude Terrain more than 1000 ft below aircraft altitude Potential Impact Points Figure F-2 TAWS Symbols & Colors MISCELLANEOUS Item Symbol Item ARTCC Frequency or FSS Frequency User Waypoint Default Ma
APPENDIX F BLANK PAGE F-4 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
INDEX A Active Channel Active frequency ADF ADF ADF mode ANT mode BFO mode Volume ADF/DME tuning ADF audio ADF volume AFCS Status Annunciation AFCS Status Box AHRS Aircraft Symbol Airport Frequency Information Nearest Runway Airspace Boundary Airspeed Indicator Airspeed Reference Air Data Computer Alerting System Alerts Airspace Arrival Audio voice Alerts, Aircraft Alert messages ALL Softkey ALT Altimeter Altitude alerting Altitude buffer Altitude constraints Altitude Hold Mode Altitude Reference Altitude r
INDEX D Database Databases Data Bar fields, MFD Data link Date and time Day/Night Views Day View DCLTR Softkey Dead Reckoning Declutter Levels Declutter, display Departure Select Timer Destination Elevation Destination elevation Digital Audio entertainment Digital audio entertainment Dilution of Precision (DOP) Direct-to Direct-to navigation Cancel Select course Display backup DISPLAY BACKUP button Diversity transponder DME HOLD mode NAV1 mode NAV2 mode Tuning mode DME audio DME Information Window DP Softkey
INDEX Intersection Information 5-55–5-56 Nearest 5-66 Interstage Turbine Temperature (ITT) 3-5 4-38, 4-39, INTR COM Key 4-42 IOI 6-58, A-18 2-2, 2-25 ISA Temperature Deviation J Jeppesen aviation database B-1 K Key(s) 1-8, 1-10 L Land map data Lateral modes, flight director LD APR softkey LNAV LO SENS LPV 5-21 7-22–7-45 5-143 5-108, 5-141 4-25 5-108, 5-125, 7-33 M Mach number 2-2, 2-4 Magnetometer 1-1, 1-19 4-38 MAN SQ Key Map pages 1-31 Map panning 5-24 Map scale 5-23 4-25 Marker beacon Marker beacon
INDEX Required Vertical Speed Indicator 5-117 Reversionary Mode 4-40 Reversionary mode 1-17 Reversionary sensor A-3 Reversionary Sensor Window 2-30 ROC 6-58, A-18 Roll Hold Mode 7-23 Roll indication 2-8 RS-232 1-4 RS-485 1-3 Runway Information 5-64 Minimum length 1-39 Surface 1-39 5-117, 5-118 RVSI RX indicator 4-7 S SafeTaxi SafeTaxi database Scheduler SD card Sector scan Secure Digital (SD) card Selected Altitude 8-1, 8-2, 8-4 8-5 1-43–1-44 1-14 6-45, 6-46 B-1 2-2, 2-10, 7-8, 7-9, 7-11, 712, 7-14, 7-18
INDEX VOL/SQ Knob Voltmeter Volume Volume level ADF VOR Frequency Information Nearest VOR selection VSI Vspeeds 4-16 3-6 8-52 4-26, 4-28 5-58, 5-69 5-57–5-58 5-68–5-69 4-17 5-118 2-5–2-6 W WAAS 5-108, 5-142, 7-33, A-10 7-43 WAAS precision approach Warranty i WATCH 6-47, 6-48 Waypoint Automatic sequencing D-3 Skipping D-3 Waypoint, user Comment 5-62 Information 5-34–5-39 1-31 Waypoint Pages (WPT) Waypoint sequencing, suspend 2-18 Weather (real-time) 1-4 Weather Attenuated Color Highlight 6-47 6-6, 6-27 Wea
INDEX BLANK PAGE I-6 Garmin G1000 Pilot’s Guide for the Cessna Citation Mustang 190-00494-00 Rev.
