MAF3364FC SERIES MAG3182FC, MAG3091FC SERIES DISK DRIVES FIBRE CHANNEL INTERFACE MAINTENANCE MANUAL C141-F037-02EN
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FOR SAFE OPERATION Handling of This manual This manual contains important information for using this product. Read thoroughly before using the product. Use this product only after thoroughly reading and understanding especially the section “Important Alert Items” in this manual. Keep this manual handy, and keep it carefully. FUJITSU makes every effort to prevent users and bystanders from being injured or from suffering damage to their property. Use the product according to this manual.
Related Standards Specifications and functions of products covered by this manual comply with the following standards. Standard (Text) No. NCITS TR-9 Name FIBRE CHANNEL PRIVATE LOOP SCSI DIRECT ATTACH (FC-PLDA) American National Standards Institute (ANSI) American National Standards Institute (ANSI) ANSI X3.230-1994 FIBRE CHANNEL PHYSICAL AND SIGNALING INTERFACE (FC-PH) ANSI X3.
PREFACE This manual explains concerning the MAF3364FC, MAG3182FC and MAG3091FC (hereafter, MAG series) series of 3.5 inch hard disk drives with built-in SCSI controller. This manual gives detailed explanations of device configuration, fault analysis, parts replacement, operation check, adjustment, and hardware operation principles for the disk drives.
CONVENTIONS This manual uses the following conventions for alerts to prevent physical or property damages to users or by standards. DANGER DANGER indicates that personal injury will occur if the user does not perform the procedure correctly. WARNING WARNING indicates that personal injury could occur if the user does not perform the procedure correctly. CAUTION CAUTION indicates that either minor or moderate personal injury may occur if the user does not perform the procedure correctly.
DISCLAIMER Failure of the MAF3364FC and MAG series intelligent disk drive is defined as a failure requiring adjustments, repairs, or replacement. Fujitsu is not responsible for drive failures caused by misuse by the user, poor environmental conditions, power trouble, host problems, cable failures, or any failure not caused by the drive itself. The suffix of the model name of the disk drive varies depending on the two device types and storage capacity (Note 1).
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Cautions Regarding Safety List of Items with Serious Warnings Serious warnings included in this manual are as follows. CAUTION Indicates items for which, if the product is not used correctly, there is danger not only of minor or mildly severe injury, but also danger of the product itself being damaged or of other users and their property being injured or damaged. Work Category During Storage Warning Item Page Injury 1. To avoid shocks, turn off the power before mounting or removing a PCA. 2.
Work Category Warning Item Page Equipment Damage • Do not open the DE in the field because it is completely sealed. 2-2 • Never open the disk enclosure in the field. Opening the disk enclosure in the field may cause an irreparable fault. 2-11 Destruction of Data Save data stored on the disk drive before requesting repair. Fujitsu does not assume responsibility if data is destroyed during servicing or repair. 2-4 Equipment Damage x 1.
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CONTENTS page CHAPTER 1 SPECIFICATIONS AND EQUIPMENT CONFIGURATION ......................1 - 1 1.1 Product Specifications ......................................................................................................1 - 1 1.2 Installation Conditions .....................................................................................................1 - 1 1.3 Power Supply Conditions .................................................................................................1 - 1 1.
3.2.1 Error information indicated with sense data .....................................................................3 - 3 3.2.2 Sense data (4-03-xx), (4-40-xx), (4-44-xx), and (4-C4-xx) ...............................................3 - 4 3.2.3 Sense data (1-1x-xx), (3-1x-xx), and (E-1D-00): Disk read error.....................................3 - 4 3.2.4 Sense data (5-2x-xx), (5-3D-00), (5-90-00), (B-47-xx), (B-49-00), and (B-4E-00): fibre channel interface error ..................................
FIGURES page 2.1 Revision label...................................................................................................................2 - 5 2.2 Indicating revision numbers .............................................................................................2 - 6 2.3 Test flowchart ..................................................................................................................2 - 7 3.1 Format of extended sense data..................................................
TABLES page 2.1 System-level field troubleshooting....................................................................................2 - 10 2.2 Disk drive troubleshooting ...............................................................................................2 - 11 3.1 Definition of sense data ....................................................................................................3 - 3 4.1 List of Model Names/Product Numbers ........................................................
CHAPTER 1 SPECIFICATIONS AND EQUIPMENT CONFIGURATION 1.1 Product Specifications 1.2 Installation Conditions 1.3 Power Supply Conditions 1.4 Connection Conditions 1.5 Settings This chapter describes concerning the specifications and configuration of the intelligent disk drive. The MAF3364FC and MAG series intelligent disk drives (IDD) are high performance, large capacity 3.5 inch fixed magnetic disk drives with a built-in fibre channel controller.
1.4 Connection Conditions Concerning “Connectors for Connections,”, please refer to 4.3, “Connection Requirements” in the Product Manual (C141-E078EN). 1.5 Settings Concerning the “MAF3364FC Series Setting Terminal” and “MAG3xxxFC Series Setting Terminal”, and “Setting Parameters,” please refer to 5.2, “Setting” and 5.4 “Confirming Operations after Installation and Preparation for use” in the Product Manual (C141-E078EN).
CHAPTER 2 MAINTENANCE AND DIAGNOSIS 2.1 Maintenance Conditions 2.2 Operation Check 2.3 Troubleshooting Procedures This chapter explains disk drive maintenance, diagnosis, operation check, and troubleshooting.
CAUTION Damage to the Equipment 1. To discharge static electricity from the human body, touch the frame (grounding) before touching a PCA. This prevents the PCA from being damaged by static electricity. 2. To prevent electrical damage to the disk drive, turn the power off before mounting or removing a PCA or connecting or disconnecting a cable, connector, or plug. 3. Do not turn the power on while removing a PCA. This operation is required to prevent unexpected or unpredictable operation. 4.
Note: The "average DE surface temperature" means the average temperature at the DE surface throughout the year when the IDD is operating. T2°C T1°C t1 t2 Average DE surface temperature= (3) T1×t1+T2×t2 t1+t2 Parts that can be replaced in the field The PCA cannot be replaced in the field. The DE cannot be replaced in the field. (4) Service system and repairs Fujitsu has the service system and repair facility for the disk drive.
CAUTION Destruction of Data Save data stored on the disk drive before requesting repair. Fujitsu does not assume responsibility if data is destroyed during servicing or repair. See Section 5.1 for notes on packing and handling when returning the disk drive. For notes on packaging and handling when returning a disk drive, refer to the Product Manual. 2.1.3 Maintenance levels If a disk drive is faulty, replace the whole disk drive since repair requires special tools and environment.
2.1.4 Revision numbers The revision number of the disk drive is represented with a letter and a number indicated on the revision label attached to the DE. Figure 2.1 shows the revision label format. Machine revision Figure 2.1 (1) Revision label Indicating revision number at factory shipment When the disk drive is shipped from the factory, the revision number is indicated by deleting numbers in the corresponding letter line up to the corresponding number with = (see Figure 2.2).
IMPORTANT When the revision number is changed after the drive is shipped from the factory, Fujitsu issues "Engineering Change Request/Notice" in which the new revision number is indicated. When the user changes the revision number, the user should update the revision label as described in item (2) after applying the modification. At shipment Rev. A2 Revising at field Rev. A3 Figure 2.2 2.1.
• • • Initial seek operation check (See Subsection 2.2.1) Operation test (See Subsection 2.2.2) Diagnostic test (See Subsection 2.2.3) Figure 2.3 shows the flow of these tests. Start Start self-test by turning the power on No Test results OK? Check host system (Table 2.
2.2 Operation Check 2.2.1 Initial seek operation check If an error is detected during initialization by the initial seek operation check routine at turning on the Fault LED. The spindle motor of the disk drive then stops, and the disk drive is unusable. For an explanation of the operation check before the initial seek, refer to the Product Manual. 2.2.
2.3 Troubleshooting Procedures 2.3.1 Outline of troubleshooting procedures This section explains the troubleshooting procedures for disk drive errors. Depending on the maintenance level, analyze the error to detect a possibly faulty part (disk drive, recommended spare part, or disk drive part). Full-scale troubleshooting is usually required if the error cause is not known. If the error cause is clear (e.g., abnormal noise in disk enclosure or burning of a PCA), troubleshooting is straightforward. 2.3.
Table 2.1 System-level field troubleshooting Item AC and DC power level Recommended work Check that the DC voltage is within the specified range (±5%). Check that the +5 VDC value (pin of the interface connector) is 4.75 to 5.25 VDC. Check that the +12 VDC supply (pin of the interface connector of disk drive) is 11.4 to 12.6 VDC. Electrical noise Make sure the maximum ripple peak-to-peak value of +5 VDC is within 250 mV and +12 VDC is within 250 mV.
Table 2.2 Disk drive troubleshooting Item Frequent or repeated seek errors Recommended action Collect sense data, and see Chapter 3. Replace the disk drive, and check that the test method is correct. If the error recurs, it is likely that the disk drive is normal but the test method is incorrect. Intermittent or nonfatal errors Replace the disk drive, and check that the test method is correct. If the error recurs, it is likely that the disk drive is normal but the test method is incorrect.
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CHAPTER 3 ERROR ANALYSIS 3.1 Error Analysis Information Collection 3.2 Sense Data Analysis This chapter explains in detail how sense data collected from a disk drive is used for troubleshooting. Sense data reflects an error in the disk drive, and helps with troubleshooting. A sense key, sense code, and subsense code, taken from various sense data are repeated. Also in this chapter, troubleshooting is performed using these three codes.
Bit 7 Byte 0 6 5 Valid 4 3 2 1 0 X‘70’ or X‘71’ (error code) 1 X‘00’ 2 0 3 [MSB] 0 ILI 0 Sense key 4 Information 5 [LSB] 6 7 Basic information 8 X‘28’ (additional sense data length) [MSB] 9 Command-specific information 10 [LSB] 11 12 Sense code 13 Subsense code 14 X‘00’ 15 SKSV 16 Sense key-specific information 17 18 X 0 0 19 Additional information 0 CDB operation code 20 Detail information 47 MSB: LSB: LUN: SKSV: SCSI ID: Most Significant Byte Least Significant By
3.2 Sense Data Analysis 3.2.1 Error information indicated with sense data Subsection 3.2.2 onwards explain troubleshooting using sense data. Table 3.1 lists the definition of sense data. For details of sense data, refer to the Fibre Channel Logical Interface Specifications. Table 3.1 Definition of sense data Sense data Sense key Sense Code Sub Sense Code 00 00 00 Operation was normal. 4 03 32 40 44 C4 xx 01 xx xx xx A write to a disk terminated abnormally.
3.2.2 Sense data (4-03-xx), (4-40-xx), (4-44-xx), and (4-C4-xx) Sense data (4-03-xx), (4-40-xx), (4-44-xx), and (4-C4-xx) indicate one of the following: • A target sector could not be detected using the sector counter. • A seek process overran the specified time. • A write to a disk terminated abnormally. • An error occurred in power-on self-diagnosis. • A hardware error occurred inside IDD. • A drive error occurred. The symptoms above are generally caused by an error in a PCA or DE.
CHAPTER 4 REMOVAL AND REPLACEMENT PROCEDURES 4.1 Spare Parts 4.2 Disk Drive Removal This chapter explains how to remove and replace a disk drive. It is assumed that the reader already has a through understanding of the replacement of the whole disk drive. Note the following when removing and replacing a disk drive: • A disk drive must be removed from the host system. • The section numbers in parentheses refer to the previous section. • Install a new disk drive by reversing the removal procedure.
Table 4.1 List of Model Names/Product Numbers Model Name (Model Name) Total Memory Capacity (512 Byte Format Capacity) MAF3364FC 36.4 GB CA01776-B980 1.6-inch height 10,025 rpm, 10 media disks, 19 heads MAG3182FC 18.2 GB CA01776-B580 1-inch height 10,025 rpm, 5 media disks, 10 heads MAG3091FC 9.
4.2 Disk Drive Removal Since the method and procedure for dismounting the disk drive for replacement of the drive, etc. depends on the locker structure of the system, etc., the work procedure must be determined in consideration of the requirements specific to the system. This section describes the general procedure and notes on dismounting the drive. 1) Disconnect the power cable. 2) Disconnect the SCSI cable. 3) When the external operating panel is installed, disconnect the cable connected to it.
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CHAPTER 5 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION 5.1 Outline 5.2 Disk Drive Configuration 5.3 Circuit Configuration 5.4 Power-On Sequence 5.5 Factory-Calibration 5.6 Read/Write Circuit 5.7 Servo Control This chapter explains the general design concepts of the disk drive. It also explains the main parts, sequences, servo control method, and the main electrical circuits of the drive at the block level. 5.1 Outline The principle of operation of this disk drive can be divided into two parts.
5.2.1 Disks Each DE contains disks whose external diameter is 95 millimeters and internal diameter is 25 millimeters. The DE for the MAF3364FC, MAG3182FC and MAG3091FC contains 10, 5 and 3 disks respectively. Each time disk rotation stops, the read-write heads touch the disk surfaces. withstand at least 10,000 head touch operations at disk rotation start and stop. 5.2.2 Disk surfaces Heads The read/write head configuration is shown in Figure 5.1.
5.2.3 Spindle mechanism The spindle mechanism consists of a disk stack assembly and a spindle motor. The disk stack assembly is directly driven by the direct drive type DC spindle motor. The rotational frequency of this spindle motor is 10,025 rpm. A counterelectromotive force is generated by the drive current in the spindle motor coil.
The DSP accurately controls traffic positioning of each head using servo information on the data surface. (3) Spindle motor drive circuit The spindle motor drive circuit drives the spindle motor. A drive current in the motor coil generates a counter emf. The frequency of the counter emf is compared, by the DSP, with a reference frequency derived by dividing the crystal oscillator frequency. The DSP uses the result of the comparison to control the rotational frequency of the spindle motor.
Figure 5.
5.4 Power-On Sequence Figure 5.3 shows the operation sequence of the IDD at power-on. The processes shown in this figure are explained below: 1) After the power is turned on, the IDD executes self-diagnosis 1 (MPU bus test, internal register write/read test, and work RAM write/read test). 2) When self-diagnosis 1 terminates successfully, the IDD activates the spindle motor when the motor start mode is set (SW1 is on; default setting at factory shipment).
5.5 Factory-Calibration Factory calibration is intended to correct errors in the mechanisms and circuits and maintain stable seek, read or write operation. (1) External force adjustment Even if the actuator stops at a fixed position, disturbing forces such as an FPC force and air movement caused by disk rotation are exerted. Also, when an instruction that reduces the voice coil motor current to 0 is issued, a very small offset current flows in the control circuit.
Figure 5.
5.6.2 Write circuit The write data is converted into the NRZ data (WDT), and is sent, together with the Write clock (WCLK) signal, to the write circuit. The NRZ data is converted into 16/17 RLL code by the encoder circuit, and is written to the disk. (1) 16/17 RLL encoder This disk drive uses the 16/17 RLL recording method. The NRZ data sent from the SCSI controller is converted into pseudorandom data by the scrambler circuit.
(2) Sample and hold circuit The sample and hold circuit samples analog-waveform voltages according to the period of the clock signals generated by the VFO circuit. The sample signal from the sample and hold circuit is passed to the AGC gain controlling level detection circuit and VFO circuit. (3) VFO circuit The VFO circuit generates a clock signal that is synchronized with the sample and hold circuit output signal.
Table 5.2 Zone MAF3364FC write frequency and recording density in each zone 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Cylinder 0 to 899 900 to 1,999 2,000 to 3,019 3,020 to 3,729 3,730 to 4,029 4,030 to 4,669 4,670 to 5,189 5,190 to 5,459 1F(MFRPS) 47.5 47.5 47.5 46.2 45.6 44.3 43.3 42.8 2F(MFRPS) 379.8 379.8 379.8 369.2 364.5 354.3 345.5 342.
5.7 Servo Control The servomechanism is controlled using a digital servo technique by the firmware in the digital signal processor (DSP). DPS carries out VCM control. Control of the voice coil motor consists of track-following operation control and seek operation control. Track-following operation is controlled to center the data-head-mounted actuator over the target cylinder for read/write operation. The seek operation moves the actuator to a different target cylinder at high speed.
(2) Servo demodulator As explained in 5.7.2, servo signals consist of a training segment, a Servo Mark segment, a Position segment and a Gray Code segment, and there are 60 frames arranged around the circumference. In the servo demodulator, the Gray Code and Position signals from the servo signal are demodulated and used to control head positioning. (3) SPM/VCM driver The power amp drive signal output by the DSP (digital signal processor) is converted to a current for driving the VCM.
1) W/R recovery area The W/R recovery area consists of a fixed-period burst signal and has following functions. • • Preparation of servo mark detection Gap 2) Servo mark area Servo mark patterns are written in the servo mark areas and patterns are detected by the length of the DC areas. The servo mark determines the starting point for detecting a position pattern and gray code pattern. 3) Gap area The gap area is located before and after the gray code area and position area.
5.7.3 Data-side servo data format W/R recovery Servo mark Gap Position Gap Gray code Gap 5,067 µs Figure 5.7 5.7.4 Servo frame Spindle motor control The FC control MCU controls the senseless 3-phase spindle motor. It carries out start / normal rotation control in accordance with commands from the FC unit. (1) Activation The FC control MCU carries out control of the spindle motor from the stopped condition to normal rotation by the following sequence.
5.7.5 Voice coil motor control The voice coil motor is controlled by moving the head-mounted carriage according to the servo data recorded on the specific data side. This control is done by firmware by digital servo control using the DSP. This control provides return-to-zero (RTZ) operation, seek operation, and track following operation.
GLOSSARY Actuator Disk enclosure (DE) A head positioning assembly. The actuator consists of a voice coil motor, head arms, and a servo head which positions the read/write (R/W) head. A device that contains rigid disks, an assembly motor mounted spindle, an actuator, heads, and air filters. The DE is sealed to protect the internal mechanism from external dust. Bus condition Initiator (INIT) An asynchronous condition for changing the SCSI bus status. The bus condition is ATTENTION or RESET.
Reconnection Sense data Relinkage of an initiator to a disconnected target when a target operation on a SCSI bus is needed Information generated by a target if an error is detected at command end. Sense data is used to post detailed information about the error. Rotational delay Sense key Time for one rotation of a disk. Average rotational delay is the time for half a rotation of a disk. Average rotational delay is the average time from positioning a head on a track to reaching a sector.
ABBREVIATION A AC ADC AGC ANSI AWG M Alternating Current Analog-to-Digital Converter Automatic Gain Control American National Standards Institute American Wire Gauge Command Descriptor Block DAC DC DE DS DSP Digital-to-Analog Converter Direct Current Disk Enclosure Dead Space Digital Signal Processor E ECC Error Correction Code F FET FPC Field-Effect Transistor Flexible Printed Circuit No-Return-to-Zero O OEM OGB D MicroProcessor Unit Most Significant Byte Mean Time Between Failures Mean Time To
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