DTX Series CableAnalyzer™ Technical Reference Handbook April 2004, Rev. 12 4/12 ©2004-2012 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved. All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
LIMITED WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY Each Fluke Networks product is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service. The warranty period for the mainframe is one year and begins on the date of purchase. Parts, accessories, product repairs and services are warranted for 90 days, unless otherwise stated. Ni-Cad, Ni-MH and Li-Ion batteries, cables or other peripherals are all considered parts or accessories.
SOFTWARE NOTICE This notice applies to portions of the software used in this product. Copyright © 1982, 1986, 1990, 1993 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer. 2.
Contents Chapter 1 Page Getting Acquainted Overview of Features ....................................................................................................................................... Registration ...................................................................................................................................................... Additional Resources for Cable Testing Information ....................................................................................
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Physical Features ......................................................................................................................................... Changing the Language ............................................................................................................................. Powering the Tester ....................................................................................................................................
Contents 2 Tutorials on Setup and Test Procedures Preparing to Save Tests ................................................................................................................................... Step 1: Checking the Memory Space Available ......................................................................................... Step 2: Entering Job Information ...............................................................................................................
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Creating a List of Sequential IDs ................................................................................................................ 2-23 About ANSI/TIA/EIA-606-A Cable IDs ......................................................................................................... 2-25 3 Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Setting the Reference ......................................................................................................
Contents Using the Tone Generator ............................................................................................................................... 3-37 4 Testing Twisted Pair Through a PoE Device Enabling the AC Wire Map Test ...................................................................................................................... Autotest Through a PoE Device ......................................................................................................................
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Running the HDTDX Analyzer .................................................................................................................... Recognizing Faults on HDTDX Plots ........................................................................................................... The HDTDR Analyzer ........................................................................................................................................
Contents OTDR Details Screens .................................................................................................................................. 7-42 Bi-Directional Testing ...................................................................................................................................... 7-47 Using Manual OTDR Mode ..............................................................................................................................
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Loopback Mode Autotest Results .............................................................................................................. Autotest in Far End Source Mode ................................................................................................................... Setting the Reference in Far End Source Mode ........................................................................................
Contents 11 Verifying Network Service Overview of Features ....................................................................................................................................... Software Requirements ................................................................................................................................... Installing and Removing the Network Module and Optional SFP Module .................................................. Verifying Network Connectivity ............
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Determining a Cable's Actual NVP ............................................................................................................. 12-10 Resetting the NVP to the Default Value .................................................................................................... 12-11 Transferring Custom Settings Between Testers ..............................................................................................
Contents Cleaning ....................................................................................................................................................... Retraining the Battery Gauge .................................................................................................................... Replacing the Battery Pack ......................................................................................................................... Replacing the Internal Battery ................
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook DTX Compact OTDR Module Specifications .............................................................................................. DTX-MFM2/SFM2/GFM2 Fiber Module Specifications ............................................................................... Visual Fault Locator Specifications ............................................................................................................. Power .............................................
Contents 5. Read the Loss Measurements ...................................................................................................................... A-6 B Fiber Test Method Names C Loss Test Methods for Fiber Cabling Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 Jumper Method .......................................................................................................
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook xiv
List of Figures Figure 1-1. 1-2. 1-3. 1-4. 1-5. 1-6. 1-7. 1-8. 1-9. 1-10. 1-11. 1-12. 2-1. 2-2. 2-3. 2-4. 2-5. 2-6. 2-7. Page Tester Front Panel Features.............................................................................................................................. Tester Side and Top Panel Features ................................................................................................................. Smart Remote Features ............................................................
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Figure 2-8. 2-9. 2-10. 2-11. 2-12. 2-13. 3-1. 3-2. 3-3. 3-4. 3-5. 3-6. 3-7. 3-8. 3-9. 3-10. 3-11. 3-12. 3-13. 3-14. 3-15. 3-16. 3-17. 3-18. 3-19. 3-20. Page Installing Fiber Modules.................................................................................................................................... Self Test Connections for Fiber Modules ......................................................................................................
List of Figures Figure 3-21. 3-22. 3-23. 3-24. 3-25. 3-26. 4-1. 4-2. 4-3. 4-4. 5-1. 5-2. 5-3. 5-4. 5-5. 6-1. 6-2. 6-3. 6-4. 7-1. 7-2. 7-3. 7-4. 7-5. 7-6. 7-7. Page Return Loss Plot................................................................................................................................................. Far-End Crosstalk (FEXT) ................................................................................................................................... ACR-F Plot.................
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Figure 7-8. 7-9. 7-10. 7-11. 7-12. 7-13. 7-14. 7-15. 7-16. 7-17. 7-18. 7-19. 8-1. 8-2. 8-3. 8-4. 8-5. 8-6. 8-7. 8-8. 8-9. 8-10. 8-11. 8-12. 8-13. 8-14. Page Launch/Receive Events in the Event Table ....................................................................................................... OTDR Trace with Launch Compensation Enabled...........................................................................................
List of Figures Figure 8-15. 8-16. 8-17. 8-18. 8-19. 8-20. 8-21. 8-22. 8-23. 8-24. 8-25. 8-26. 8-27. 8-28. 8-29. 8-30. 8-31. 9-1. 9-2. 11-1. 11-2. 11-3. 11-4. 11-5. 11-6. 11-7. Page Testing the Test Reference Cords in Loopback Mode .................................................................................... Testing a Fiber in Loopback Mode (1 Jumper Method) .................................................................................
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Figure 11-8. 13-1. 13-2. 14-1. 14-2. 14-3. 14-4. 14-5. 14-6. 14-7. 14-8. A-1. A-2. A-3. A-4. C-1. C-2. C-3. C-4. C-5. Page Identifying Links with Optional LinkRunner Cable ID Locators ..................................................................... Memory Status Screen Features ....................................................................................................................... View Results Screen.................................
List of Tables Table 1-1. 3-1. 3-2. 3-3. 3-4. 5-1. 5-2. 6-1. 7-1. 7-2. 7-3. 7-4. 7-5. 8-1. 8-2. 10-1. 10-2. 10-3. 11-1. Page International Electrical Symbols ........................................................................................................... Twisted Pair Test Settings ..................................................................................................................... dB Rules for Permanent Link Test Limits ............................................................
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 11-2. 12-1. 14-1. 14-2. 14-3. B-1. Page Diagnosing Low-Level Network Problems ............................................................................................ Settings for Custom OTDR Limits ................................................................................................................................ Troubleshooting the Tester............................................................................................
Chapter 1: Getting Acquainted Overview of Features • The DTX Series CableAnalyzers™ are rugged, hand-held instruments used to certify, troubleshoot, and document copper and fiber cabling installations. The testers feature the following: • • • • The DTX-1800 certifies twisted pair and coaxial cabling to Class F limits (600 MHz) in less than 25 seconds and Category 6 cabling in less than 10 seconds. The DTX-1200 certifies Category 6 cabling in less than 10 seconds.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook The DTX-1800, DTX-1200, and DTX-LT offer the following additional features: Registration • Optional DTX Compact OTDR™ modules let you locate and characterize reflective and loss events in multimode and singlemode fiber. • Optional fiber modules let you certify multimode and singlemode fiber optic cabling.
Getting Acquainted Contacting Fluke Networks 1 Contacting Fluke Networks Note If you contact Fluke Networks about your tester, have the tester's software and hardware version numbers available if possible. www.flukenetworks.com support@flukenetworks.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Unpacking The DTX Series CableAnalyzers and optional fiber modules come with the accessories listed below. If something is damaged or missing, contact the place of purchase immediately. For a complete list of the DTX kits, options, and accessories available, visit the Fluke Networks website.
Getting Acquainted Unpacking 1 • USB cable for PC communications DTX-CLT • Two ac adapters • DTX-CLT CableAnalyzer with lithium-ion battery pack • DTX Series CableAnalyzer Users Manual • DTX-CLT SmartRemote with lithium-ion battery pack • DTX Series CableAnalyzer Product CD • Two 6A/Class EA channel adapters • LinkWare Software CD • Carrying case • Two carrying straps DTX-ELT • • DTX-REFERENCE module DTX-ELT CableAnalyzer with lithium-ion battery pack • • USB cable for PC commun
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook DTX-CLT CertiFiber • DTX-CLT CertiFiber Getting Started Guide DTX-CertiFiber-M Multimode Kit • DTX-CLT CertiFiber Product Manuals CD • DTX-CLT CertiFiber with lithium-ion battery pack • LinkWare Software CD • DTX-CLT CertiFiber SmartRemote with lithium-ion battery pack DTX-CertiFiber-MS Multimode/Singlemode Kit • DTX-CLT CertiFiber with lithium-ion battery pack • Two DTX-MFM2 Fiber Modules for testing at 850 nm and 1300 nm • DTX-CLT Cer
Getting Acquainted Unpacking 1 DTX-MFM2 Multimode Fiber Modules (optional) DTX-SFM2 Singlemode Fiber Modules (optional) • Two DTX-MFM2 Fiber Modules for testing at 850 nm and 1300 nm • Two DTX-SFM2 Fiber Modules for testing at 1310 nm and 1550 nm. • Two 62.5/125 µm duplex multimode test reference cords, 2 m, SC/SC • Two 9/125 µm singlemode test reference cords, 2 m, SC/SC • Two gray mandrels for 62.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook WWarningX Safety Information Table 1-1 shows the international electrical symbols used on the tester or in this manual. To avoid possible fire, electric shock, or personal injury: • Do not open the case; no user-serviceable parts are inside. • Do not modify the tester. • Use only ac adapters approved by Fluke Networks for use with the DTX tester to charge the battery or power the tester.
Getting Acquainted Safety Information • • The permanent link interface adapters may not perform properly or may be damaged if they are handled improperly. See page 1-20 for important handling information. To avoid disrupting network operation, to avoid damaging the tester or cables under test, to avoid data loss, and to ensure maximum accuracy of test results: • Turn off the tester before attaching or removing modules. • • Leave the module bay covers in place when modules are not installed.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Basic Features Physical Features The following sections introduce the tester's basic features. Figures 1-1 and 1-2 describe the tester’s features. Figure 1-3 describes the smart remote’s features. 1 11 F1 F2 F3 TEST EXIT 10 2 ENTER SAVE 9 SINGLE TEST MONITOR AUTO TEST 3 SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS 8 7 4 TALK 6 5 amd29f.eps Figure 1-1.
1 Getting Acquainted Basic Features A LCD display with backlight and adjustable brightness. B P: Starts the currently selected test. Activates the tone generator for twisted pair cabling if no smart remote is detected. The test starts when both testers are connected. C N: Saves Autotest results in memory. D Rotary switch selects the tester’s modes. G G: Press to switch the backlight between bright and dim settings. Hold for 1 second to adjust the display contrast.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook amd33f.eps Figure 1-2.
1 Getting Acquainted Basic Features A Connector for the twisted pair interface adapters. Not available on the DTX-CLT CertiFiber. B Cover for the module bay. Slide off the cover to install optional modules, such as the fiber module. F Headset jack for talk mode. G Connector for the ac adapter. The LED turns on when the tester is connected to ac power. • Red: Battery is charging. C Bail. • Green: Battery is charged.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook amd30f.eps Figure 1-3.
1 Getting Acquainted Basic Features WCaution All the LEDs flash if the smart remote detects excessive voltage on the cable. Unplug the cable immediately if this occurs. Note The LEDs also act as a battery gauge. See Figure Figure 1-6 on page 1-19. A Connector for the twisted pair interface adapters. Not available on the DTX-CLT CertiFiber. G Low battery LED lights when the battery is low. H P: Starts the test currently selected on the main unit.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Changing the Language Charging the Battery To change the tester’s language: To charge the battery, connect the ac adapter to the battery pack, as shown in Figure 1-4. 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 2 Use D to highlight Instrument Settings at the bottom of the list; then press H. You may charge the battery when it is attached or detached from the tester. Figure 1-4 shows how to remove the battery.
Getting Acquainted Basic Features 1 amd124f.eps Figure 1-4.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Checking the Battery Status The battery status icon ( ) near the upper-right corner of the tester’s main screens shows the battery’s charge level. The smart remote’s LEDs show the smart remote’s battery status at the end of the power-up cycle, as shown in Figure 1-5. The Time Remaining value tells you approximately how long the main tester’s battery will last based on the last 3 minutes of use. The accuracy of the battery gauge may drift over time.
Getting Acquainted Basic Features 1 amd102f.eps Figure 1-6.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook About Link Interface Adapters and Modules Link interface adapters provide the correct jacks and interface circuitry for testing different types of twisted pair LAN cabling. The channel and permanent link interface adapters provided are suitable for testing cabling up to Cat 6. Optional coaxial adapters let you test coaxial cabling. For information on other adapter types, contact Fluke Networks or visit the Fluke Networks website.
Getting Acquainted Basic Features 1 Modules provide optional testing capabilities. For example, the DTX-MFM2, DTX-GFM2, and DTX-SFM2 modules let you certify fiber optic cabling. The DTX-NSM module lets you verify network service. See Chapters 8 and 11 for details on these modules. F1 F2 F1 F3 TEST EXIT F2 F3 TEST EXIT ENTER ENTER SAVE SAVE SINGLE TEST MONITOR TALK AUTO TEST SINGLE TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS MONITOR AUTO TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS TALK amd35f.eps Figure 1-7.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook amd36f.eps Figure 1-8.
Getting Acquainted Basic Features 1 The DTX-PLA001 universal permanent link adapter has a removable personality module. These may be changed to customize the adapter for different jack configurations. To change the personality module (refer to Figure 1-9): 1 Ground yourself by touching a grounded, conductive surface. 2 Remove the link interface adapter from the tester. 3 Use your fingers to unscrew the screw on the personality module. F1 Store the module in its original, static protection bag.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Verifying Operation 4 The tester performs a basic self test when you turn it on. To run a more thorough self test for an acceptance test or as part of a routine equipment check: If fiber modules are installed in addition to twisted pair adapters, select Mainframe. 5 Press P. 1 Connect the main and remote testers using one of the methods shown in Figure 1-10. If the tester reports an error, refer to “If Something Seems Wrong” on page 14-9.
Getting Acquainted Basic Features Checking the Hardware and Software Versions To see information about the tester’s hardware and software, the test limits and cable types databases, and the Autotest counts for attached link adapters: 1 Connect the tester and smart remote through adapters, as in Figure 1-10. 2 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS. 3 Use D to highlight Version Information; then press H.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook E Outlet Configuration: The wire mapping used for testing twisted 1 2 3 4 11 5 10 pair cabling. F Press L to check the memory status. G Press K to view the results of the previous test. H If a copper adapter and a fiber module are installed, press J to change the type of media you will test. I Store Plot Data 9 8 7 • No: Plot data is not saved, which lets you save more results. Saved results show worst margins and worst values for each pair.
1 Getting Acquainted Setting User Preferences Setting User Preferences Changing the Length Units The following sections describe how to change settings you may want to adjust when you first start using the tester. 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP, use D to highlight Instrument Settings; then press H. Changing the Date, Time, and Date/Time Formats 2 Press Cto go to the tab with the Length Units selection. 3 Use D to highlight Length Units; then press H.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Adjusting the Display Contrast To set the power down timer: 1 Press and hold G. 1 2 Use B C for coarse adjustments and K RFine L FineS for fine adjustments. Turn the rotary switch to SETUP, use D to highlight Instrument Settings; then press H. 2 Press C to go to the tab with the Power Down TimeOut setting; then press H. 3 Use D to highlight the setting you want; then press H. 3 J Default Setting sets the contrast to the default level.
1 Getting Acquainted Overview of Memory Features Enabling or Disabling the Beeper Inserting and Removing the Memory Card To enable or disable the tones for key presses and testing progress: Insert the memory card into the slot on the side of the tester. 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP, use D to highlight Instrument Settings; then press H. Figure 1-12 shows how to insert and remove the card. 2 Press C to go to the tab with the Audible Tone setting. Use D to highlight Audible Tone; then press H.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Creating Folders You can organize your test results by saving them in folders. To create a folder: amd62f.eps Figure 1-12. Inserting and Removing the Memory Card 1-30 1 DTX-1800, DTX-1200: Insert a memory card into the tester. 2 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 3 Use D to highlight Instrument Settings; then press H. 4 Press D to highlight Current Folder; then press H.
Getting Acquainted Overview of Memory Features Setting the Storage Location (DTX-1800 and DTX1200) To set the destination for saved results on a DTX-1800 or DTX-1200 tester: 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP, use D to highlight Instrument Settings; then press H. 2 Use D to highlight Result Storage Location; then press H. 3 Use D to highlight Internal Memory or Memory Card (if present); then press H.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook • • Auto Sequence: Lets you select IDs from a list of sequential IDs generated from a template in SETUP. The horizontal, backbone, and campus templates follow the ID formats specified in the ANSI/TIA/EIA606-A standard. The Free Form template lets you create your own pattern. See page 2-22 for details. None: Lets you create an ID each time you press N. After you press N, you can also edit an existing ID before using it for saving results.
1 Getting Acquainted Using the Talk Mode Saving Different Types of Results in the One Record You can save results from different types of DTX modules in the same test record. For example, you can save network connectivity results from a DTX-NSM module in a record that contains cable test results for the same link. Or you can save OTDR results from a DTX Compact OTDR module in a record that contains fiber loss results from a DTX fiber module.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook About LinkWare and LinkWare Stats Software Details about using LinkWare software are provided in the LinkWare Getting Started Guide and the online help available under Help on the LinkWare menu. The LinkWare™ Cable Test Management software included with your tester lets you do the following: Updates to LinkWare software are available on the Fluke Networks website. • Upload DTX test results to PC. See page14-2. • View test results.
Chapter 2: Tutorials on Setup and Test Procedures The tutorials in this chapter guide you through setting up the tester, checking the tester’s status, testing twisted pair cabling, testing fiber cabling with the DTX-xFM2 fiber modules, and setting up cable ID lists. Step 2: Entering Job Information Preparing to Save Tests To enter job information: Job information includes the operator name, name of the job site, and the customer’s company name. These settings are stored with results you save.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 2-7 Press J Create; then use JKL, BCAD, and H to enter the job site name in the box. Press N when you are done. Step 4: Setting Up a Job Folder 2-8 Repeat steps 2-6 and 2-7 for the customer’s Company name.
Tutorials on Setup and Test Procedures Preparing to Save Tests 2 4 3 A The characters available for use. 2 To select a character to enter in the text box, use AD BC to highlight the character; then press H. The character is entered to the left of the cursor. B C D E 1 The text you are entering. The cursor. Use J and K to move the cursor. The item you are editing. Use JKL to move the cursor and delete characters. 5 amd120f.eps Figure 2-1.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Step 5: Selecting a Cable ID Source Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Cable IDs are names you enter for tests you save. You can select IDs from a pre-generated list, or enter them manually after each test. For this tutorial, you will enter IDs manually. This tutorial familiarizes you with testing twisted pair cabling by guiding you through the following tasks: To select a cable ID source: 5-1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP.
2 Tutorials on Setup and Test Procedures Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling PASS TEST FAIL TALK TONE LOW BATTERY F1 F2 F3 2 TEST EXIT ENTER 5 SAVE SINGLE TEST MONITOR AUTO TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS TEST TALK TALK 3 1 4 amd40f.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Step 1: Checking the Battery Status and Verifying Operation with Twisted Pair Adapters You should check the tester and smart remote’s battery status and verify all equipment is in good working order before going to the job site. 1-1 Connect the main and remote testers using one of the methods shown in Figure 2-3. Permanent link adapter 1-2 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS.
Tutorials on Setup and Test Procedures Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Step 2: Selecting a Test Limit, Cable Type, and Outlet Configuration Select the test limit, cable type, and outlet configuration specified for the job. The outlet configuration determines which cable pairs are tested and which pair numbers are assigned to the pairs. 2-1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP; then press H to select Twisted Pair. 2-2 On the Twisted Pair menu use D and H to select Cable Type.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Step 3: Running the Autotest 3-1 Attach the correct adapters to the tester and smart remote. 3-2 Turn on the tester and smart remote; then connect them to the cabling. Figures 2-4 and 2-5 show connections for permanent link and channel installations. To run an Autotest without connecting to installed cabling, connect the tester and remote as shown in Figure 2-3 on page 2-6, or connect using two channel adapters and a patch cord.
Tutorials on Setup and Test Procedures Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling 2 Horizontal cabling Optional consolidation point Work area Patch panel Wall outlet Start permanent link End permanent link PASS TEST FAIL TALK TONE F1 F2 F3 TEST EXIT ENTER Tester with permanent link adapter Smart remote with permanent link adapter LOW BATTERY SAVE SINGLE TEST MONITOR AUTO TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS TEST TALK TALK amd22.eps Figure 2-4.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Horizontal cabling Hub or switch Optional consolidation point Patch cord from hub or switch Work area Patch panels Start channel Wall outlet Patch cord from PC End channel PASS TEST FAIL TALK TONE LOW BATTERY F1 F2 F3 TEST EXIT ENTER SAVE SINGLE TEST MONITOR AUTO TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS Tester with channel adapter Smart remote with channel adapter TEST TALK TALK amd21f.eps Figure 2-5.
Tutorials on Setup and Test Procedures Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling 2 Step 4: Viewing the Autotest Results The Summary screen, shown in Figure 2-6, tells you if the test results met the selected test limit. This screen also shows a status for each measurement: E: PASS F: FAIL i: The results are for informational purposes only. The measurement is not required by the selected test limit. U: The measurement is within the tester’s accuracy uncertainty range. See page 3-12 for details.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Step 5: Saving the Results Certifying Fiber Cabling 5-1 Press N. 5-2 Use the text editing screen to enter a name for the results. See Figure Figure 2-1 on page 2-3 for details on editing text. 5-3 Press N when you are done. This concludes the tutorial on testing twisted pair cabling. For more information on testing twisted pair cabling, see Chapter 3. Note The fiber modules are not compatible with the DTX-ELT.
Tutorials on Setup and Test Procedures Certifying Fiber Cabling 2 amd46f.eps A Tester and smart remote with fiber modules. Use DTX-MFM2 modules for testing multimode fiber. Use DTX-GFM2 modules for testing multimode fiber for Gigabit Ethernet applications. Use DTX-SFM2 modules for testing singlemode fiber. B Memory card (optional) C Two ac adapters with line cords (optional) D Test reference cords. Match the fiber to be tested. Long ends must have SC connectors.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook WCaution Step 1: Installing the Fiber Modules 1-1 Turn off the tester and smart remote. 1-2 Remove the cover from the back of each unit and install a DTX-MFM2, DTX-GFM2, or DTX-SFM2 module in each unit, as shown in Figure 2-8. Leave the module bay covers in place when the fiber modules are not installed.
Tutorials on Setup and Test Procedures Certifying Fiber Cabling 2 3-3 On the Fiber menu use D and H to select Fiber Type. Fiber types are organized in groups: • Generic: Generic types of fiber • Custom: Fiber types entered by a DTX user • Manufacturer: Specific brands of fiber cable 3-4 Use D to highlight a group for the fiber type you will test; then press H. 3-5 Use D to highlight the fiber type you will test; then press H.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Step 4: Configuring the Fiber Test Step 5: Setting the Reference 4-1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 5-1 Clean the connectors on the tester and the two test reference cords. 4-2 Use D to highlight Fiber Loss; then press H. 4-3 Use D to highlight Remote End Setup; then press H. 4-4 Use DA to highlight Smart Remote; then press H. 4-5 Use D and H to enter the settings listed below. Use C to find settings on other tabs.
Tutorials on Setup and Test Procedures Certifying Fiber Cabling 2 amd145f.eps Figure 2-10.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Step 6: Testing the Test Reference Cords 6-1 Disconnect the test reference cords from the INPUT ports on the tester and smart remote. 6-2 Make the connections shown in Figure 2-11. 6-5 If a result is more than the limit shown above, use the procedure given in Appendix A to test the cords in the path that failed (Input Fiber or Output Fiber).
Tutorials on Setup and Test Procedures Certifying Fiber Cabling 2 amd175.eps Figure 2-11.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Step 7: Running the Test 7-1 Clean the connectors on the cabling to be tested. 7-2 Make the connections as shown in Figure 2-12. Test reference cords 7-3 Turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST. If a copper adapter is attached, verify that the media type is set to Fiber. Press J Change Media to change it if necessary. 7-4 Press P. Test reference cords amd146a.eps Figure 2-12.
Tutorials on Setup and Test Procedures Certifying Fiber Cabling 2 Step 7: Viewing the Results The Summary screen, shown in Figure 2-13, tells you if the test results met the selected test limit. This screen also shows a status for each measurement: E: PASS F: FAIL i: The results are for informational purposes only. The measurement is not required by the selected test limit. To see the results for an individual measurement, use D to highlight the test; then press H.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Using the Auto Increment and Sequential Cable ID Features Letters increment through the alphabet shown on the text editing screen: The auto increment and sequential ID features generate cable IDs automatically. This frees you from having to enter IDs manually after each test. To use the auto increment ID feature: 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. These features are useful when you test installations with sequentially-numbered links.
2 Tutorials on Setup and Test Procedures Using the Auto Increment and Sequential Cable ID Features Creating a List of Sequential IDs These IDs produce the following ID list: The tester includes templates for creating a list of sequential IDs. Three of these templates meet the ANSI/TIA/ EIA-606-A standard for documenting cabling installations, as summarized in the next section. A fourth template lets you create your own ID pattern. Letters and numbers in sequential IDs increment from right to left.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 4 Use D to highlight Auto Sequence, then press H. 5 Use D to highlight Template, then press H. 6 Use A D to highlight Horizontal, then press H. 7 On the Auto Sequence screen, press J Default to transfer the default pattern into the START ID and STOP ID. 13 Press I to leave the sample list. If the tester shows an error message, check your Start and Stop IDs for the problems listed below. 14 Press N when you are done setting up the list.
Tutorials on Setup and Test Procedures Using the Auto Increment and Sequential Cable ID Features 2 To use an ID from the auto sequence list: Horizontal Link Identifier 1 Verify that the Cable ID Source in SETUP is set to Auto Sequence. Horizontal links run between telecommunications closets and work areas. 2 Run a test; then press N. 3 To scroll through the ID list, use AD. To scroll one page at a time, use BC. The link tested was on floor 11 in telecom room C, patch panel D, port 32.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Campus Cable Identifier Campus cables are backbone cables that run between buildings. Format: [b1-f s1]/[b2-fs2]-n.d Example: LBRY-01A/AUD-01A-5.16 The cable tested is in the backbone cable that runs between the library (LBRY), floor 1, telecom room A and the auditorium (AUD), floor 1, telecom room A. The backbone cable is cable 5. The cable or fiber tested is number 16 in backbone cable 5.
Chapter 3: Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Setting the Reference 1 The reference procedure sets a baseline for insertion loss, ACR-F, and dc resistance measurements. For the DTX-ELT and DTX-CLT, which do not include permanent link adapters, use the reference module included to connect the main and remote testers, as shown in Figure 3-2. (You may use the reference module, if available, to make reference connections for any DTX model.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook LOW BATTERY TONE PASS TALK F2 AUTO TEST ENTER TEST SINGLE TEST FAIL F1 MONITOR EXIT TEST SAVE SPECIAL FUNCTIONS TEST F3 SETUP TALK TALK Permanent link adapter DTX-REFERENCE module ezz01.eps Channel adapter Figure 3-2.
Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Twisted Pair Test Settings Twisted Pair Test Settings 3 To access the settings, turn the rotary switch to SETUP, use D to highlight Twisted Pair; then press H. Table 3-1 describes the settings that apply to twisted pair cabling tests. Table 3-1. Twisted Pair Test Settings Setting Description SETUP > Twisted Pair > Test Limit Select the appropriate test limit for the job.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook T568A T568B Rollover Crossover 2 x Two-Pair Crossed 1000BASE-T Crossover USOC Single-Pair Token Ring USOC Two-Pair ATM/TP-PMD Straight ATM/TP-PMD Crossed CSU/DSU Ethernet and M12 Two-Pair Ethernet and M12 Two-Pair Crossed amd180.eps Figure 3-3.
Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Twisted Pair Test Settings 3 Table 3-1. Twisted Pair Test Settings (cont.) Setting SETUP > Twisted Pair > AC Wire Map Description Select Enable to test cabling through a mid-span PoE (Power over Ethernet) device. Always disable the AC Wire Map test when not testing through a PoE device. See Chapter 4. SETUP > Instrument Standard: The tester displays and saves plot data for frequency-based tests such as NEXT, Settings > Store Plot Data return loss, and attenuation.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling To run the Autotest on twisted pair cabling: Figure 3-4 shows the equipment needed for certifying twisted pair cabling. 1 Verify that the settings listed in Table 3-1 are appropriate. 2 Attach adapters appropriate for the job to the tester and the smart remote. 3 Turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST and turn on the smart remote.
Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Autotest on Twisted Pair Cabling 3 Horizontal cabling Optional consolidation point Work area Patch panel Wall outlet Start permanent link End permanent link PASS TEST FAIL TALK TONE F1 F2 F3 TEST EXIT ENTER Tester with permanent link adapter Smart remote with permanent link adapter LOW BATTERY SAVE SINGLE TEST MONITOR AUTO TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS TEST TALK TALK amd22f.eps Figure 3-5.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Horizontal cabling Hub or switch Optional consolidation point Patch cord from hub or switch Work area Patch panels Start channel Wall outlet Patch cord from PC End channel PASS TEST FAIL TALK TONE LOW BATTERY F1 F2 F3 TEST EXIT ENTER SAVE SINGLE TEST MONITOR AUTO TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS Tester with channel adapter Smart remote with channel adapter TEST TALK TALK amd21f.eps Figure 3-6.
Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Twisted Pair Autotest Results Twisted Pair Autotest Results The tests listed below apply to twisted pair cabling. Note The Autotest runs some or all of the tests listed below, depending on the selected test limit.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook A PASS: All parameters are within limits. FAIL: One or more parameters exceed the limit. PASS*/FAIL*: One or more parameters are within the tester’s accuracy uncertainty range, and the “*” notation is required by the selected test standard. See “PASS*/FAIL* Results” on page 3-12. B Press K or L to scroll the screen. C If the test failed, press J for diagnostic information. D Action prompt for the screen. Use D A to highlight a parameter; then press H.
Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Twisted Pair Autotest Results Automatic Diagnostics If an Autotest fails, press J Fault Info for diagnostic information about the failure. The diagnostic screens show likely causes of the failure and suggest actions you can take to solve the problem. 3 A failed test may produce more than one diagnostic screen. In this case, press ADBC to see additional screens. Figure 3-8 shows examples of diagnostic screens. amd75f.eps Figure 3-8.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook PASS*/FAIL* Results A PASS* may be considered a passing result. A result marked with an asterisk means that measurements are in the tester’s accuracy uncertainty range (Figure 3-9) and the “*” notation is required by the selected test standard. These results are considered marginal. Marginal passing and failing results are marked with blue and red asterisks, respectively. A FAIL* should be considered a failure.
3 Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Twisted Pair Autotest Results About dB Rules 4 dB Rule For some test limits, the results from some tests are ignored when a measurement is less than a certain value. For example, for all limits where return loss is measured, the return loss measurement is not evaluated against a limit at frequencies where insertion loss is less than 3 dB. This is the 3 dB rule.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 70 dB Rule Table 3-3. dB Rules for Channel Test Limits This rule applies to any channel or permanent link test limit where ACR-F is measured. At frequencies where FEXT is less than 70 dB, ACR-F cannot fail. Table 3-2.
3 Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Twisted Pair Autotest Results Wire Map Wire map results show the connections between the main and remote testers. The tester checks the cable pairs required by the selected test limit. If the wire map test fails, you can continue or stop the Autotest. Figure 3-10 describes examples of wire map screens. For information on AC wire map screens, see Chapter 4. Tip: The wire map test in Single Test mode features a scanning function that runs the wire map test continuously.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook amd82i.bmp Split pair A wire in the 3,6 pair is crossed with a wire in the 4,5 pair. amd83i.bmp Reversed pair Wires 1 and 2 are crossed. Figure 3-10. Wire Map Examples (cont.) 3-16 amd84i.bmp Crossed pairs Pairs 1,2 and 3,6 are crossed.
3 Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Twisted Pair Autotest Results Resistance Resistance results show the dc loop resistance for each cable pair. The smart remote shorts the end of each pair to create the loops. A pair’s resistance depends on the integrity of the contacts in the connector, the length of the pair, and its wire gauge. Resistance problems always affect other tests. For example: • A link that is too long has higher-than-normal resistance and will fail the length test.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Characteristic impedance results show approximate characteristic impedance of each cable pair. Characteristic impedance is the impedance a cable would have if the cable were infinitely long. Proper network operation depends on constant characteristic impedance throughout the system’s cables and connectors. Abrupt changes in characteristic impedance, called anomalies, cause signal reflections that can cause network faults.
3 Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Twisted Pair Autotest Results Propagation Delay and Delay Skew Propagation delay is the time taken for a test pulse to travel the length of a cable pair. The delay is measured in nanoseconds. One nanosecond is one-billionth of a second, or 0.000000001 second. Propagation delays vary slightly among pairs because of small differences in electrical characteristics and length.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Insertion Loss Note Insertion loss is also known as attenuation. Insertion loss is the loss of signal strength over the cabling, as shown in Figure 3-14. Insertion loss is caused by the resistance of the copper wire and connecting hardware and by leakage of electrical energy through the cable’s insulation. At higher frequencies, signals tend to travel only near the surface of a conductor.
3 Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Twisted Pair Autotest Results A The overall insertion loss result. “PASS*/FAIL* Results” on 1 2 3 4 7 5 page 3-12 describes results marked with an asterisk. B Horizontal and vertical magnification levels for the plot. To change the magnification, press KChange To Zoom; then use BC or AD to zoom horizontally or vertically. C The limit line (in red) for insertion loss. The lower the measurements fall below the limit line, the better the cabling performance.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook NEXT (Near-End Crosstalk) NEXT results show the crosstalk attenuation between cable pairs. NEXT is the difference in amplitude (in dB) between a transmitted signal and the crosstalk received on other cable pairs at the same end of the cabling. Higher NEXT values correspond to better cabling performance.
3 Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Twisted Pair Autotest Results A The location of the NEXT results. Press J to switch between the tester and smart remote. 1 2 B The overall NEXT result. “PASS*/FAIL* Results” on page 3-12 describes results marked with an asterisk. 3 C Horizontal and vertical magnification levels for the plot. To change the magnification, press KChange To Zoom; then use BC or AD to zoom horizontally or vertically. 4 5 D Measured NEXT for the cable pairs.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook ACR-N (Attenuation to Crosstalk Ratio at the Near End) Note ACR-N is also known as ACR. Figure 3-19 describes the ACR-N plot. ACR-N is like a signal-to-noise ratio. ACR-N values indicate how the amplitude of signals received from a far-end transmitter compares to the amplitude of crosstalk produced by near-end transmissions, as shown in Figure 318.
3 Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Twisted Pair Autotest Results A The location of the ACR-N results. Press J to switch between the tester and smart remote. 1 2 3 4 5 8 6 B The overall ACR-N result. “PASS*/FAIL* Results” on page 3-12 describes results marked with an asterisk. C Horizontal and vertical magnification levels for the plot. To change the magnification, press KChange To Zoom; then use BC or AD to zoom horizontally or vertically. D Measured ACR-N for the cable pairs.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Return Loss Return loss is the difference between the power of a transmitted signal and the power of the signals reflected back. The signal reflections are caused by variations in the cable’s impedance. Figure 3-20 shows some common sources of reflections that create return loss. High return loss means the cabling reflects very little of the transmitted signal back to the source.
3 Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Twisted Pair Autotest Results A The location of the return loss results. Press J to switch between the tester and smart remote. 1 2 3 B The overall return loss result. “PASS*/FAIL* Results” on page 3-12 describes results marked with an asterisk. C Horizontal and vertical magnification levels for the plot. To 4 5 8 6 change the magnification, press KChange To Zoom; then use BC or AD to zoom horizontally or vertically. D Measured return loss for the cable pairs.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook PS NEXT (Power Sum Near End Crosstalk) PS NEXT results show how much each cable pair is affected by the combined crosstalk from the other pairs. PS NEXT is the difference (in dB) between the test signal and the crosstalk from the other pairs received at the same end of the cabling. The tester uses the NEXT values to calculate PS NEXT. Higher PS NEXT values correspond to better cabling performance.
Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Twisted Pair Autotest Results 3 Signal source Crosstalk farther from the input Crosstalk near the input Far-end crosstalk amd94f.eps Figure 3-22. Far-End Crosstalk (FEXT) Because of attenuation, FEXT on longer cables is less than FEXT on shorter cables of the same type. Subtracting the effects of attenuation normalizes the results for length and produces ACR-F (attenuation to crosstalk ratio, far end) values.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook NEXT and ACR-F performance tends to be similar in cable, but may differ greatly in connecting hardware. Some connectors achieve good NEXT performance by balancing the inductive and capacitive currents that cause crosstalk. Since these currents are 180° out of phase at the near-end of the cabling, they cancel out, which eliminates crosstalk at the near end.
3 Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Twisted Pair Autotest Results A The location of the ACR-F results. Press J to switch between the tester and smart remote. 1 2 B The overall ACR-F result. “PASS*/FAIL* Results” on page 3-12 describes results marked with an asterisk. 3 C Horizontal and vertical magnification levels for the plot. To change the magnification, press KChange To Zoom; then use BC or AD to zoom horizontally or vertically. 4 D Measured ACR-F for the cable pairs.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Running Single Tests The tester’s single test mode (SINGLE TEST on the rotary switch) lets you run individual tests for isolating cabling failures and quickly testing repairs. You can run some single tests without a remote. Table 3-4 shows which tests require a smart remote. 3-32 Single tests use the selected test limit to produce a PASS/ FAIL result for the test. Each single test also produces results for other measurements.
Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Running Single Tests 3 Table 3-4. Smart Remote Requirements for Twisted Pair Single Tests Test Smart Remote Requirements* HDTDX analyzer Recommended. Without a smart remote, results for short cables may be unreliable. HDTDR analyzer Optional. Without a smart remote, the plot shows large reflections at the end of the cabling. Wire Map Recommended. Without a remote some faults, such as split pairs and opens at the far-end connector, cannot be detected.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Monitoring Impulse Noise Impulse noise is electrical noise generated by fluorescent lights, electric motors, electric heaters and air conditioners, photocopiers, refrigerators, microwave ovens, and other electric devices. Active links in the same pathway can also cause noise. Signal source Noise distorts the shape of digital signals, as shown in Figure 3-24. Too much noise can cause transmission errors, resulting in poor network performance.
Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Monitoring Impulse Noise The test takes noise voltage samples every second on pair 3, 6. The test produces a PASS/FAIL result if the selected standard specifies a noise limit. Note Monitoring impulse noise without a smart remote may produce unreliable test results. 3 Note If you disconnect the tester and smart remote during the impulse noise test, it takes several minutes for the remote to stop testing. Figure 3-25 describes the impulse noise test results.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 1 A The average number of noise hits per second. 2 B The highest number of noise hits per second since the start of the test. The time shows when the peak was recorded. 3 C The minimum level of noise considered to be a noise hit. To change the threshold, press L Stop; then use A D. D To stop the test, press L Stop. 4 amd18f.eps Figure 3-25.
Certifying Twisted Pair Cabling Using the Tone Generator Using the Tone Generator The tone generator on the tester and smart remote produces a distinct signal for locating cables and jacks with a tone probe such as a Fluke Networks IntelliTone™ probe. The tone probe converts the toner’s signal to audible tones that get louder as you get closer to the cable or jack transmitting the signal.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Patch panel IN 20 TE 10 0 LLI PR T O ON BE E Tone probe, such as the Fluke Networks IntelliTone probe PASS TEST FAIL Volume control TALK TONE LOW BATTERY Tester or smart remote TEST Press to start the toner TALK amd96f.eps Figure 3-26.
Chapter 4: Testing Twisted Pair Through a PoE Device The AC wire map test lets you test links connected through midspan PoE (Power over Ethernet) devices. When you enable this test, the tester uses AC signals instead of DC signals to test the wire map between the main and remote testers. The tester does not provide information on the PoE device. Note The DTX-ELT does not include the AC wire map test.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook amd24f.eps Figure 4-1.
Testing Twisted Pair Through a PoE Device Autotest Through a PoE Device 4 amd58f.eps Figure 4-2.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook AC Wire Map Results AC wire map results are similar to the wire map results shown in Chapter 3. In some cases, the fault information provided by AC wire maps is less specific. For example, if a wire is shorted to a wire in another pair, the AC wire map shows all four wires shorted. This occurs because the AC electrical characteristics of some faults limit the measurements available from the fault. Figure 4-3 describes examples of AC wire map screens.
Testing Twisted Pair Through a PoE Device AC Wire Map Results amd52.bmp Open on pair 1,2. The open is 21.7 m from the tester and 61.4 m from the remote. The open may be on either or both wires. amd50.bmp Short between pairs 1,2 and 3,6. The short is 1.7 m from the tester. The short may be between two, three, or all four wires. 4 amd45.bmp Split pair on pairs 1,2 and 3,6. The split pair starts 30.0 m and ends 52.2 m from the main tester.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook amd44.bmp amd43.bmp The tester detected one or more wire map faults on pairs 1,2 and 3,6 about 4 ft from the tester. The distance to faults may not be given for some types of complex faults. The tester detected multiple, complex faults on the cabling. Figure 4-4.
Testing Twisted Pair Through a PoE Device Running the AC Wire Map Test as a Single Test 4 Running the AC Wire Map Test as a Single Test To run the AC Wire Map test as a single test, enable the test in SETUP, turn the rotary switch to SINGLE TEST; then select Wire Map. Note The scanning function is not available for the AC wire map test.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 4-8
Chapter 5: Certifying Coaxial Cabling Certifying coaxial cabling requires the optional DTX-COAX coaxial adapters. To set the reference, do the following: Note Note Turn on the tester and let it sit for 1 minute before setting the reference. Set the reference only after the testers have reached an ambient temperature between 10 °C and 40 °C (50 °F and 104 °F). The DTX-COAX adapters are not compatible with the DTX-CLT.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Verifying Operation 1 Connect the main and remote testers as shown for setting the reference in Figure 5-1. 2 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS. 3 Use D to highlight Self Test; then press H. 4 Press P. If the tester reports an error, refer to “If Something Seems Wrong” on page 14-9. Coaxial Test Settings Table 5-1 describes the settings that apply to coaxial cabling tests.
Certifying Coaxial Cabling Coaxial Test Settings 5 Table 5-1. Coaxial Cable Test Settings Setting Description SETUP > Coaxial > Test Limit Select the appropriate test limit for the job. SETUP > Coaxial > Cable Type Select a cable type appropriate for the type you will test. SETUP > Coaxial > NVP Nominal velocity of propagation, which is used with the measured propagation delay to determine cable length.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 5-1. Coaxial Cable Test Settings (cont.) Setting SETUP > Instrument Settings > Store Plot Data Description Standard: The tester displays and saves plot data for insertion loss. The tester saves data for the frequency range required by the selected test limit. Extended: The tester saves data beyond the frequency range required by the selected test limit. No: Plot data is not saved, which lets you save more results.
Certifying Coaxial Cabling Autotest on Coaxial Cabling 5 Autotest on Coaxial Cabling Figure 5-2 shows the equipment needed for certifying coaxial cabling. PASS TEST FAIL TALK TONE LOW BATTERY F1 F2 2 F3 TEST EXIT ENTER SAVE SINGLE TEST MONITOR AUTO TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS 3 TEST TALK TALK 4 5 1 amd138.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook To run the Autotest on coaxial cabling: A Verify that the settings listed in Table 5-1 are appropriate. B Attach coaxial adapters appropriate to the tester and the smart remote. C Turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST and turn on the smart remote. Connect to the cabling, as shown in Figure 5-3 for network cabling or Figure 5-4 for video cabling. If a fiber module is installed, you may need to press J Change Media to select Coax as the media type.
Certifying Coaxial Cabling Autotest on Coaxial Cabling 5 PASS TEST FAIL TALK TONE LOW BATTERY F1 F2 F3 TEST EXIT ENTER SAVE SINGLE TEST MONITOR AUTO TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS TEST TALK TALK amd139.eps Figure 5-3.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Connection to coaxial cabling Wall outlet Female to female F-connector adapter Female to female F-connector adapter PASS TEST FAIL TALK TONE LOW BATTERY F1 F2 F3 TEST EXIT ENTER SAVE SINGLE TEST MONITOR AUTO TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS Tester with coaxial adapter Smart remote with coaxial adapter TEST TALK TALK amd142.eps Figure 5-4.
Certifying Coaxial Cabling Coaxial Autotest Results Coaxial Autotest Results 5 Note Figure 5-5 describes the Autotest Summary screen, which lists the tests that apply to coaxial cabling. The Autotest runs some or all of the tests shown in Figure 5-5, depending on the selected test limit. A PASS: All parameters are within limits. FAIL: One or more parameters exceed the limit. B E: The test passed. i: The parameter was measured, but has no PASS/FAIL limit in the selected test limit. X: The test failed.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook HDTDR Analyzer ™ The HDTDR (High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry) analyzer plots the locations and magnitudes of reflections caused by impedance anomalies. See page 6-10. Resistance Resistance results show the dc loop resistance for the center conductor and shield. The smart remote shorts the conductor and shield to create the loop. Most standards do not have a limit for resistance. The tester shows an i when no limit is available.
Certifying Coaxial Cabling Running Single Tests Insertion Loss Insertion loss is the loss of signal strength over the cabling. Insertion loss is caused by the resistance of the copper wire and connecting hardware and by leakage of electrical energy through the cable’s insulation. At higher frequencies, signals tend to travel only near the surface of a conductor. This “skin effect”, along with the cabling’s inductance and capacitance, cause insertion loss to increase with frequency.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 5-2. Smart Remote Requirements for Coaxial Single Tests Test Smart Remote Requirements* HDTDR analyzer Optional. Without a smart remote, the plot shows large reflections at the end of the cabling. Resistance Smart remote or terminator required for loop resistance measurement. Length Not required. Because a coaxial cable terminator eliminates signal reflections, the tester cannot measure the length of terminated cabling.
Chapter 6: Diagnosing Copper Cabling Faults Using the Automatic Diagnostics Avoiding Tester-Induced Failures The DTX Series testers helps you isolate cabling faults by automatically diagnosing Autotest failures. For twisted pair tests, press J Fault Info after a failed Autotest to see information about the location and likely cause of the fault. Some test failures can be avoided if the tester is properly maintained and configured.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Common Causes of Copper Cabling Failures Table 6-1 describes common causes of test failures on twisted pair and coaxial cabling. Table 6-1. Diagnosing Twisted Pair Test Failures Wire Map: open • Wires connected to wrong pins at connector or punchdown blocks • Faulty connections • Damaged connector Tip: The wire map test in Single Test mode features a scanning function that runs the wire map test continuously.
Diagnosing Copper Cabling Faults Common Causes of Copper Cabling Failures 6 Table 6-1. Diagnosing Twisted Pair Test Failures (cont.) Wire Map: short • Damaged connector • Improper connector termination • Damaged cable • Wrong application for cable • Conductive material stuck between pins at connector.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 6-1. Diagnosing Twisted Pair Test Failures (cont.) Characteristic impedance exceeds the limit or an anomaly is detected • Bad connection • Water in cable jacket • Cable compression (tight cable ties, pinches, kinks, etc.
Diagnosing Copper Cabling Faults Common Causes of Copper Cabling Failures 6 Table 6-1. Diagnosing Twisted Pair Test Failures (cont.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 6-1. Diagnosing Twisted Pair Test Failures (cont.) NEXT, PS NEXT, ACR-F, PS ACR-F gives FAIL, FAIL*, or PASS* result • Excessive untwisting of pairs at connector • Poor quality patch cords • Poor quality connectors • Poor quality cable • Poorly matched plug and jack (6A/Class EA applications) • Incorrect link interface adapter • Cable compression (tight cable ties, pinches, kinks, etc.
Diagnosing Copper Cabling Faults The HDTDX Analyzer The HDTDX Analyzer The HDTDX™ (High-Definition Time Domain Crosstalk) analyzer plots the locations and magnitudes of crosstalk on the cabling under test. The analyzer, along with the tester’s automatic diagnostics, helps you isolate the causes of NEXT and ACR-F failures. 3 Turn on the smart remote; then connect the tester and remote to the cabling. 4 Turn the rotary switch to SINGLE TEST, select HDTDX Analyzer; then press P.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook C Horizontal and vertical magnification levels for the plot. In zoom mode, use BC and AD to zoom in or out at the cursor’s location. 3 2 D The distance to the end of the cabling. E The cursor and the distance to the cursor from the 1 tester. In cursor mode, use BC to move the cursor. F The crosstalk magnitude at the cursor's location. G Shows the crosstalk plots by pair. Press I to return 4 10 5 to the plot of all pairs.
6 Diagnosing Copper Cabling Faults The HDTDX Analyzer Recognizing Faults on HDTDX Plots Figure 6-2 shows how some common faults appear on HDTDX plots. 2 Bad section of cable 1 Bad patch cord 3 Bad spool of cable amd98f.eps A A bad patch cord about 53 m from the tester. B Bad section of cable near the smart remote. C A spool of cable with poor NEXT performance. This cable produced a FAIL result. Note the crosstalk along the entire length of the cable. Figure 6-2.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook The HDTDR Analyzer The HDTDR™ (High-Definition Time Domain Reflectometry) analyzer plots the locations and magnitudes of reflections caused by impedance anomalies. The analyzer, along with the tester’s automatic diagnostics, helps you isolate the causes of return loss failures. 3 Turn on the smart remote; then connect the tester and remote to the cabling. 4 Turn the rotary switch to SINGLE TEST, select HDTDR Analyzer; then press P.
6 Diagnosing Copper Cabling Faults The HDTDR Analyzer C Horizontal and vertical magnification levels for the plot. In zoom mode, use BC and AD to zoom in or out at the cursor’s location. 3 2 D The distance to the end of the cabling. E The cursor and the distance to the cursor from the 1 tester. In cursor mode, use BC to move the cursor. F The reflection percentage at the cursor's location. G Shows the reflection plots by pair. Press I to return 4 10 5 to the plot of all pairs.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook amd100f.eps Figure 6-4.
Diagnosing Copper Cabling Faults The HDTDR Analyzer A Open on pair 1,2 near the smart remote. A positive reflection indicates an increase in impedance. Opens are large increases in impedance and create large positive reflections. B Short on pair 1,2 near the smart remote. A negative reflection indicates a decrease in impedance. Shorts are large decreases in impedance and create large negative reflections. 6 D A link with a section of cable that has higher impedance (120 Ω) than the rest of the cable.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 6-14
Chapter 7: Using the OTDR Module Note • Displays OTDR results in summary format, as a table of events, or as an OTDR trace. PASS/FAIL results are based on factory-installed limits or limits you specify. • Visual fault locator helps you locate breaks, bad splices, bends, and check fiber continuity and polarity. See Chapter 9. The DTX-OTDR module is not compatible with the DTX-ELT, DTX-CLT, or DTX-CLT CertiFiber.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook WCaution Safety Information To avoid damaging the tester or cables under test, to avoid data loss, and to ensure maximum accuracy of test results: WWarning* To avoid possible eye damage caused by hazardous radiation and to avoid possible fire, electric shock, or personal injury: • Never look directly into optical connectors. Some sources produce invisible radiation that can permanently damage your eyes.
Using the OTDR Module Safety Information • Avoid touching reflective surfaces (such as metal) to the end of a fiber cable plugged into the OTDR when the OTDR is operating. An open fiber connector end face has about a 4% reflection. Holding a reflective surface near the connector end face may cause much greater than a 4% reflection, which may damage the photodetector in the OTDR. • 7 Read the instructions for splice machines before using the OTDR to monitor splicing procedures.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Installing the OTDR Module WCaution To avoid damaging the DTX mainframe or the OTDR module and to ensure proper operation: • Turn off the tester before removing or attaching modules. • Leave the module bay cover in place when a module is not installed. To install the module, refer to Figure 7-1 and do the following: A Turn off the tester. B Remove and discard the standard bail. C Install the bail included with the DTX Compact OTDR module.
Using the OTDR Module Installing the OTDR Module 7 SAVE SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS MONITOR TALK OFF A B C 1/4 D E F amd157f.eps Figure 7-1.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Using the Cradle Software Requirements Figure 7-2 shows how to use the cradle to stand the tester up on a flat surface when a DTX Compact OTDR module is attached. The following software supports the DTX Compact OTDR module. Software upgrades are available on the Fluke Networks website. • DTX software: version 2.0 or higher. • LinkWare software: version 3.0 or higher.
Using the OTDR Module OTDR Module Features 7 OTDR Module Features A OTDR ports for singlemode (left) and multimode (right) fiber. The ports have removable SC connector adapters with protective caps. B Visual fault locator (VFL) output with universal fiber connector and protective cap. The connector accepts 2.5 mm ferrules. C Laser safety label (shown below): amd155f.eps WWarning* Never look directly into optical output connectors (A).
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Verifying Operation The tester performs a basic self test on the mainframe and OTDR module when you turn it on. To run the self test manually, select Self Test from the SPECIAL FUNCTIONS menu. 3 Dry the connector with a dry swab by twisting it around in the connector 3 to 5 times. 4 Inspect connectors with a fiber microscope, such as the Fluke Networks FiberInspector Video Microscope before making connections.
7 Using the OTDR Module Setting Up for OTDR Testing Always cover unused connectors with protective caps. Clean caps periodically with a swab or wipe and fiber optic solvent. Unlocking and removing the adapter Cleaning the OTDR Ports Use a dry, optical-grade wipe to clean the OTDR ports. Figure 7-4 shows how to remove the OTDR adapter to access the connector ferrule. The OTDR port connection quality screen helps you determine when the OTDR ports needs cleaning. See page 7-21.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Selecting Auto or Manual OTDR Mode Note Typically, you should use Auto OTDR mode when certifying cabling with the OTDR. From the HOME screen, press L Change Test; then select Auto or Manual. In Auto OTDR mode, the tester automatically selects certain settings based on the length and overall loss of the cabling.
7 Using the OTDR Module Setting Up for OTDR Testing About Launch and Receive Fibers Launch and receive fibers let the tester measure the loss and reflectance of the first and last connectors in the cabling. Without launch and receive fibers, no backscatter is available before the first connector and after the last, so the tester cannot measure the connectors’ characteristics.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Types of Compensation 3 On the Set Launch Method screen highlight the type of compensation you want to do. 4 Clean the tester's OTDR port and launch fiber connectors. 5 Connect the fibers to the tester's OTDR port as shown on the screen and in Figures 7-5, 7-6, or 7-7; then press P. The tester offers three types of compensation: • Launch Only: Lets you compensate for a launch fiber.
7 Using the OTDR Module Setting Up for OTDR Testing You should run the compensation function again if you change the launch or receive fiber used for a wavelength. Viewing the Launch Compensation Settings To view launch compensation settings that have been saved, turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS, select Set Launch Fiber Compensation; then press J View Settings. Launch fiber Launch fiber end and receive fiber beginning Adapter Receive fiber Launch fiber end Tester with OTDR module amd63f.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Launch fiber Launch fiber end Receive fiber beginning Cabling to be tested Tester with OTDR module Receive fiber amd66f.eps Figure 7-7.
7 Using the OTDR Module Setting Up for OTDR Testing A Launch/receive event, indicated by the launch/receive event icon shown 1 for Launch + Receive compensation. B Press J View Trace to see the trace used for the launch compensation settings. C If the launch or receive event is misidentified in the event table, use AD to select the correct event, then use the K and L softkeys to remove or move the launch or receive event assignments. See page 7-17. 2 3 amd151feps Figure 7-8.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Launch fiber length Receive fiber length Beginning of receive fiber End of launch fiber Measurement is relative to the end of the launch fiber amd68f.eps Figure 7-9.
Using the OTDR Module Setting Up for OTDR Testing Manually Selecting the Launch and Receive Events • For Launch + Receive compensation, highlight the event that is the end of the launch fiber and the beginning of the receive fiber; then press K and L as necessary to move or set the launch and receive fibers. • For Launch + Fiber + Receive compensation, highlight the event that is the end of the launch fiber; then press K Set Launch or K Move Launch.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Settings for OTDR Tests To see the settings used for an OTDR test: Table 7-1 describes the settings that apply to OTDR tests. 1 On the OTDR Results screen, press K View Events. To access the settings (except for job settings), turn the rotary switch to SETUP; then select Fiber OTDR. Use BC to move among the tabs. 2 On the Event Table screen, press L View Details. 3 On the Overall Results screen, press J OTDR Settings.
7 Using the OTDR Module Setting Up for OTDR Testing Table 7-1. OTDR Test Settings (cont.) Setting Description Fiber Characteristics When Fiber Characteristics is set to User Defined, the n and Backscatter values can be edited by the user. When the Fiber Characteristics is set to Default, the tester uses the values defined in the current Fiber Type. n The n value is the index of refraction. Index of refraction is used to calculate length.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 7-1. OTDR Test Settings (cont.) Setting Wavelength Description You can test cabling at one or all the wavelengths supported by the installed module and the selected test limit. Note If you select the dual-wavelength setting, be sure to select a fiber type and test limit that supports both wavelengths. Launch Compensation Lets you remove the effects of launch and receive fibers from OTDR results. See page 7-11.
7 Using the OTDR Module OTDR Port Connection Quality OTDR Port Connection Quality When you run an OTDR test, the tester determines the quality of OTDR port connection (Figure 7-10). If the gauge is in the Poor range, you should clean the OTDR port and the fiber connector. Use a video microscope, such as the FT600 FiberInspector Pro Video Microscope, to inspect the port and fiber connector for scratches and other damage.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Progress Screen for Extended Test Times When the test time per wavelength exceeds 21 seconds, the tester shows the developing trace along with the progress indicator. Figure 7-11 shows an example of this screen. The tester updates the trace as measurement averaging proceeds. To end a Manual OTDR test and see the results after the next trace update, press K Stop Averaging. For dualwavelength tests, press K twice –once for each wavelength.
7 Using the OTDR Module Running the OTDR Test Running the OTDR Test Figure 7-12 shows the equipment needed for OTDR tests. F1 F2 F3 TEST EXIT ENTER SAVE SINGLE TEST MONITOR AUTO TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS TALK amd152f.eps A Tester with OTDR module B Memory card (optional) C AC adapter with line cord (optional) D Launch fiber and receive fibers. Match the fiber to be tested. Match cable connectors at one end when possible.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook To run the OTDR test: 1 Verify that the settings described in Table 7-1 are appropriate. 2 Select Auto OTDR mode: Turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST, press L Change Test; then select Auto. 3 Clean and inspect the connectors on the launch fiber and the fiber to be tested. 4 Connect to the tester’s OTDR port to the cabling as shown in Figures 7-13, 7-14, or 7-15. 5 Press Pto start the OTDR test.
7 Using the OTDR Module Running the OTDR Test Installed fiber Patch panel Launch fiber Patch panel Tester with OTDR module amd101f.eps Figure 7-13.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Installed fiber Patch panel Launch fiber F1 F2 F3 TEST EXIT ENTER SAVE SINGLE TEST MONITOR AUTO TEST Patch panel SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS Tester with OTDR module Receive fiber TALK amd116f.eps Figure 7-14.
Using the OTDR Module Running the OTDR Test 7 Pigtail patch cord and mechanical splice Tester with OTDR module Spooled cable amd122f.eps Figure 7-15.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Looking at OTDR Test Results Reading the OTDR Results Screen The tester offers four different views of OTDR test results: summary results, an OTDR trace, an event table, and detailed results. The OTDR Results screen, which appears when the test is finished, is described in Figure 7-16. A Overall result for the test: 1 PASS: All measurements are within limits. FAIL: One or more measurements exceed the limit.
Using the OTDR Module Looking at OTDR Test Results 7 Table 7-2. OTDR Results Screen Measurements Item Length Description The length of the fiber in the cabling. If the measured length seems wrong, check the Index of Refraction in Setup. The length does not include launch and receive fibers if launch fiber compensation is enabled. Tip: In some cable types, some or all of the fibers may be longer than the cable jacket and some fibers may be longer than others in the same cable.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Viewing the OTDR Trace To see the OTDR trace, press JView Trace from the OTDR Results or Event Table screen. Cursor Mode Figure 7-17 describes the readouts and navigational features on the OTDR screen. Figure 7-18 describes the features of a typical OTDR trace. Zoom Mode with Measurement Cursors amd123f.eps Figure 7-17.
Using the OTDR Module Looking at OTDR Test Results 7 A Wavelength for the trace and the End setting selected in F Press J to see the Event Table. See page 7-35. Setup. If the test ran at two wavelengths, press L G Event information appears if the cursor is on an event. Next Trace to switch wavelengths. You can set the wavelengths in Setup. B Horizontal and vertical zoom factors for the trace. In zoom mode, use BC to zoom horizontally and AD to zoom vertically.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook amd125f.eps Figure 7-18.
7 Using the OTDR Module Looking at OTDR Test Results A Reflective event caused by the OTDR port connection. B Reflective event caused by the first connection in the cabling. This trace was produced using launch fiber compensation, so the end of the launch fiber is marked with a dotted line and is the 0 m point for length measurements. C Small event caused by a sharp bend in the fiber. D Reflective event caused by the last connection in the cabling.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Using the Measurement Cursor 4 You can use the cursor on the OTDR trace to measure distances and losses along the cabling. The following readouts appear on the screen: To make measurements with the cursor: 1 2 3 Press K Change to Cursor if necessary to set the arrow keys to cursor mode. Move the cursor to a starting point for a measurement. Use BC to move the cursor left or right or AD to move the cursor to the previous or next event.
7 Using the OTDR Module Looking at OTDR Test Results Zooming the Trace The Event Table The zoom function lets you magnify the trace horizontally or vertically. To see a list of the events along the cabling, press J View Events from the OTDR Results screen or the OTDR Trace screen. To zoom the trace: 1 Press K Change to Cursor if necessary to set the arrow keys to cursor mode. 2 Use BC to place the cursor near the feature you want to magnify.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 1 A Overall result for the test. B Events on the fiber, each event’s status, and the distance to each event. See Table 7-3 on page 7-37. 2 E: The event’s measured value is within the limit. A yellow checkmark means there is a warning for the result. To see the warning, highlight the event; then press L View Details. i: The event has no PASS/FAIL limit in the selected test limit. The measurement is provided for informational purposes.
7 Using the OTDR Module Looking at OTDR Test Results Table 7-3. Event Types Event OTDR Port The tester’s OTDR port connector. Reflection A pulse of light reflected back to the OTDR. Loss A point where the level of reflected light suddenly decreases. Launch Event The end of the launch fiber. Receive Event Possible Causes The tester identifies the OTDR port connection and grades its quality, as shown on the OTDR details screens. See “OTDR Port Connection Quality” on page 7-21.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 7-3. Event Types (cont.) Event Ghost Source A reflective event that is causing a ghost. Possible Causes Tip: On some traces with multiple ghosts, only the first ghost may be identified in the event table. You can usually determine that other reflections are ghosts because they occur at multiples of distances to connectors and they show almost no loss.
Using the OTDR Module Looking at OTDR Test Results 7 Table 7-3. Event Types (cont.) Event Hidden The event is within the attenuation deadzone of the previous event. Possible Causes The event is detected, but not enough information is available to measure its loss separately from the previous event. Since the hidden event’s loss can’t be determined, it is not shown. The hidden event may be a connection, a sharp bend, or a crack within the deadzone of the previous connection.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 7-3. Event Types (cont.) Event Weak Signal The signal is attenuated below the background noise level before the end event is reached. Out of Range The tester did not find an end event. Possible Causes No fiber is attached to the OTDR port, the fiber is too short, or there is a bad connector or broken fiber somewhere near the tester.
Using the OTDR Module Looking at OTDR Test Results 7 Table 7-3. Event Types (cont.) Event No Fiber No fiber is attached or the fiber is too short to measure. No Signal Possible Causes No fiber is attached to the OTDR port, the fiber is too short, or there is a bad connector or broken fiber somewhere near the tester. Check for bad connections and broken fibers within a few meters of the tester. If this continues to occur, contact Fluke Networks for assistance. There is a problem with the module.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook OTDR Details Screens On the Event Table, you can highlight an event, then press L View Details to see more information about the event. Use the softkeys to move among the details screens. Table 7-4 describes the details that may appear on these screens. Table 7-4. OTDR Measurement Details Detail Length Description Shown on the Overall Results screen. Status: PASS means the length is within the limit. FAIL means the length exceeds the limit.
Using the OTDR Module Looking at OTDR Test Results 7 Table 7-4. OTDR Measurement Details (cont.) Detail Description Segment Attenuation Coefficient The attenuation per kilometer for the fiber segment before the event. This value may not be shown if it could not be measured accurately. This can occur on short segments or if the connector before the segment has a large deadzone. Reflectance The power of the light reflected back to the OTDR from an event.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 7-4. OTDR Measurement Details (cont.) Detail Warnings Description No fiber attached or fiber too short (also see page 7-41): • • • • • • No fiber is connected to the tester's OTDR port or launch fiber. The fiber is too short for the tester to detect events after the first deadzone. There is a bad connector or broken fiber within a few meters of the tester or launch fiber. There is a problem with the launch fiber or patch cord.
Using the OTDR Module Looking at OTDR Test Results 7 Table 7-4. OTDR Measurement Details (cont.) Detail Warnings Description Cannot measure overall loss: • Overall loss cannot be measured, either because no backscatter was detected or the fiber is too short for attenuation to be measured. • The fiber is too short for the tester to detect events after the first deadzone. • There is a bad connector or broken fiber within a few meters of the tester. • There are bad connections on the fiber.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 7-4. OTDR Measurement Details (cont.) Detail Warnings Description Negative loss value (a gainer) found in test result: • One or more loss value is significantly negative (-0.2 dB or more). • There is a bad connection on the fiber. • There is a connection between fibers with different backscatter coefficients. For example, there is a connection between fibers with different core sizes.
Using the OTDR Module Bi-Directional Testing 7 Bi-Directional Testing To test cabling in both directions and save the bi-directional results: 1 In Setup, enter names for End 1 and End 2 to identify the ends of the cabling. Name End 1 as the end you will test first. 2 Set This End to End 1. 3 Test all the cabling and save the results from End 1. 4 In Setup, change This End to End 2. 5 Test the cabling from the other end.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Using Manual OTDR Mode Table 7-5 describes the settings you can change in manual OTDR mode and how the settings affect the trace. You can access these settings on the Fiber OTDR tabs in Setup. Note Typically, you should use Auto OTDR mode when certifying cabling with the OTDR. Manual OTDR mode lets you optimize the OTDR trace for viewing specific events.
Using the OTDR Module Using Manual OTDR Mode 7 Table 7-5. Manual OTDR Settings (cont.) Setting Averaging Time Description and Selection Guidelines The averaging time sets the number of measurements averaged together to create the final trace. Longer times reduce noise on the trace which increases dynamic range and accuracy and reveals more details, such as smaller non-reflective events.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 7-5. Manual OTDR Settings (cont.) Setting Loss Threshold (Auto or User Defined) Description and Selection Guidelines User Defined lets you set the threshold (in decibels) for reporting loss events. Events at or above the threshold are included in the event table. The range for this setting is 0.01 dB to 1.50 dB inclusive. For smaller threshold values (0.01 dB to 0.
Chapter 8: Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Note • Each module transmits both wavelengths (850 nm and 1300 nm, 850 nm and 1310 nm, or 1310 nm and 1550 nm). • Interchangeable connector adapters allow reference and test connections that meet ISO standards for most SFF (small form factor) fiber connectors. • Provides pass/fail results based on industry-standard limits. • Visual fault locator helps you locate breaks, bad splices, bends, and check fiber continuity and polarity.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook • Never look directly into the visual fault locator output. Momentary exposure to the locator’s output will not damage your eyes; however, direct, long-term exposure is potentially hazardous. To avoid possible eye damage caused by hazardous radiation: • Do not use magnification to view the optical outputs without proper filtering. • Never look directly into optical connectors.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Safety Information • • WCaution • Cover all connectors with dust caps when not in use. To avoid damaging the tester or cables under test, to avoid data loss, and to ensure maximum accuracy of test results: • Store extra connector adapters for the fiber module in the canisters provided. • Do not touch the photodiode lens (see page 8-7). • Do not overtighten the adapter or use tools to tighten the adapter.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Installing and Removing Fiber Modules Figure 8-1 shows how to install and remove the fiber modules. WCaution To avoid damaging the DXT mainframe or the fiber module and to ensure proper operation: • Turn off the tester before removing or attaching modules. • Leave the module bay cover in place when a module is not installed. amd34af.eps Figure 8-1.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Installing and Removing Fiber Modules 8 A Button for activating the visual fault locator (B) and output port (D). See Chapter 9 and “Autotest in Far End Source Mode” on page 8-18. B Universal fiber connector (with dust cap) for the visual fault locator output. The connector accepts 2.5 mm ferrules. The LED below the connector indicates the locator’s mode (continuous or blinking). C Input connector with dust cap.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook WCaution Installing the Connector Adapter You can change the fiber module's input connector adapter to connect to SC, ST, LC, and FC fiber connectors (Figure 8-3). Additional adapter styles may be available. Check the Fluke Networks web site for updates. • Cover all connectors with dust caps when not in use. • Store the connector adapters for the fiber module in the canisters provided. • Do not touch the photodiode lens (see Figure 8-4).
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Installing the Connector Adapter 8 amd99f.eps Figure 8-4.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Verifying Operation 1 Clean the tester’s connectors and the connectors on two SC/SC test reference cords. 2 Connect the tester and smart remote together, as shown in Figure 8-5. 3 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS. 4 Use D to highlight Self Test; then press H. 5 Press Pto start the self test. amd118f.eps Figure 8-5.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Essentials for Reliable Fiber Test Results 8 Essentials for Reliable Fiber Test Results 3 To get reliable fiber test results, you must follow proper cleaning and referencing procedures and, in some cases, use mandrels during testing. Dry the connector with a dry swab by twisting it around in the connector 3 to 5 times. 4 Inspect connectors with a fiber microscope, such as the Fluke Networks FiberInspector Video Microscope before making connections.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Cleaning Connector Ends Note 1 Touch the tip of a fiber optic solvent pen or swab soaked in solvent to a lint-free dry wipe or fiber cleaning card. 2 Wipe the connector end-face across the solvent spot, then back and forth once across the dry area of the wipe or card. Note Some connector styles, such as VF-45, may require a different cleaning method.
8 Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Essentials for Reliable Fiber Test Results WCaution Do not disconnect the test reference cords from the testers' output ports after setting the reference. Doing so may alter the amount of optical power launched into the fiber and invalidate the reference. Reference values should not change by more than a few tenths of a dBm from day to day. Larger changes may indicate a problem with the test reference cords or connections.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Using Mandrels for Testing Multimode Fiber You should use mandrels when testing multimode fiber with the DTX-MFM2 fiber modules. Mandrels can improve measurement repeatability and consistency. They also allow the use of LED light sources to certify 50 µm and 62.5 µm fiber links for current and planned high bit-rate applications, such as Gigabit Ethernet and 10 Gigabit Ethernet.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Essentials for Reliable Fiber Test Results 8 Place top wrap in groove under retainer Wrap 5 times in grooves Right: no bends at retainer Wrong: bends at retainer amd67f.eps Figure 8-6.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Loss/Length Test Settings To access the fiber test settings turn the rotary switch to SETUP; then select Fiber Loss. Use BC to see different tabs. Table 8-2 describes the test settings that apply to loss/length tests on fiber cabling. Table 8-2. Loss/Length Test Settings Setting Description SETUP > Fiber Loss > Fiber Type Select a fiber type that is appropriate for the type you will test. Selecting Custom lets you create a fiber type.
8 Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Loss/Length Test Settings Table 8-2. Loss/Length Test Settings (cont.) Setting Description SETUP > Fiber Loss > Number of Adapters SETUP > Fiber Loss > Number of Splices If the selected limit uses a calculated loss limit, enter the number of adapters and splices that will be added to the fiber path after the reference is set. Figure 8-7 shows an example of how to determine the Number of Adapters setting.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook amd65f.eps Figure 8-7.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Loss/Length Test Settings 8 Table 8-2. Fiber Test Settings (cont.) Setting SETUP > Fiber Loss > Index of Ref. Source (n) > User Defined or Default Description The tester uses the index of refraction (n) defined in the currently selected fiber type (Default) or a value you define (User Defined). The default value defined by the selected fiber type represents the typical value for that fiber type. You may enter a different value if necessary.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook About 1 Jumper Connections Autotest in Smart Remote Mode The reference and test connections shown in this manual produce 1 Jumper results. 1 Jumper results include the loss of the fiber plus the loss of the connections at both ends of the link. To ensure accurate results, the connection to the fiber module's output port must not be disconnected after the reference is set.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Smart Remote Mode 8 amd46f.eps A Tester and smart remote with fiber modules and connector adapters installed. Match connector adapters to the connectors in the link. B Memory card (optional) C Two ac adapters with line cords (optional) D Test reference cords. Match the fiber to be tested. Long E Two singlemode adapters of the appropriate type F Two mandrels. Recommended when testing multimode fiber with DTX-MFM2 modules. See page 8-12.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Setting the Reference for Smart Remote Mode 1 Turn on both testers and let them sit for 5 minutes. Allow additional time if the modules have been stored above or below ambient temperature. 2 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP, then select Fiber Loss. 3 4 5 requirements, you can enter lengths for each test reference cord number after setting the reference. 6 Press P.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Smart Remote Mode 8 amd145f.eps Figure 8-9.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Testing the Test Reference Cords in Smart Remote Mode WCaution If you disconnected the test reference cords from the tester’s or smart remote’s output, you must set the reference again to ensure valid measurements. 12 Disconnect the test reference cords from the INPUT ports on the tester and smart remote. 13 Make the connections shown in Figure 8-10. 14 Turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST, then press P. 15 Press H to see the test results.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Smart Remote Mode 8 amd175.eps Figure 8-10.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Running the Autotest in Smart Remote Mode WCaution If the test reference cords have been disconnected from the tester’s or smart remote’s output since the reference was set, you must set the reference again to ensure valid measurements. 18 Turn on the tester and smart remote and let them sit for 5 minutes. Allow additional time if the modules have been stored above or below ambient temperature.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Smart Remote Mode 8 amd146f.eps Figure 8-11.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Smart Remote Mode Autotest Results The Summary screen appears when the test is finished. To see more detailed results, use D to highlight a measurement; then press H. Figure 8-12 describes the Summary screen and loss results screen for an unsaved, single-directional Autotest in Smart Remote mode. For bi-directional results in Smart Remote mode, see “Bi-Directional Testing” on page 8-48. 3 1 4 5 2 6 7 8 amd26f.eps Figure 8-12.
8 Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Smart Remote Mode Note The results described here are for an unsaved test. Unsaved tests for Smart Remote mode show results for both fibers. Saved tests are saved in two records. Each saved record shows results for one fiber. A The overall result for the test. B Overall results for the two fibers (E is PASS, F is FAIL): • Input Fiber/Output Fiber: The fiber connected to the tester’s input and output ports, respectively.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Autotest in Loopback Mode Use Loopback mode to test spools of cable and segments of uninstalled cable. In this mode, the tester measures loss, length, and propagation delay at two wavelengths in one or both directions. Figure 8-13 shows the equipment required for testing fiber in Loopback mode.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Loopback Mode 8 amd49f.eps A Tester with fiber module and connector adapter installed (match connector adapter to the connectors in the link) B Memory card (optional) C AC adapter with line cord (optional) D Test reference cord. Match the fiber to be tested. Long E Two singlemode adapters of the appropriate type F Mandrel Recommended when testing multimode fiber with DTX-MFM2 modules. See page 8-12.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Setting the Reference in Loopback Mode 6 Press P. 1 Turn on the tester and let it sit for 5 minutes. Allow additional time if the modules have been stored above or below ambient temperature. 7 The View Reference screen shows the reference values and the date and time the reference was set. 2 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP; then select Fiber Loss. 8 Press K OK. 3 Select Remote End Setup; then select Loopback.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Loopback Mode 8 amd147f.eps Figure 8-14.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Testing Your Test Reference Cords in Loopback Mode WCaution If you disconnected the test reference cord from the tester’s output, you must set the reference again to ensure valid measurements. 12 Disconnect the test reference cord from the INPUT port on the tester. 13 Make the connections shown in Figure 8-15. 14 Turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST, then press P. 15 Press H to see the test result.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Loopback Mode 8 amd176.eps Figure 8-15.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Running the Autotest in Loopback Mode WCaution If the test reference cords have been disconnected from the tester’ output since the reference was set, you must set the reference again to ensure valid measurements. 18 Turn on the tester and let it sit for 5 minutes. Allow additional time if the module has been stored above or below ambient temperature. 19 Verify that the settings described in Table 8-2 on page 8-14 are appropriate.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Loopback Mode 8 amd148f.eps Figure 8-16.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Loopback Mode Autotest Results Figure 8-17 describes the Summary screen and loss results screen for a single-directional Autotest in Loopback mode. The Summary screen appears when the test is finished. For bi-directional results in Loopback mode, see “Bi-Directional Testing” on page 6-48. To see more detailed results, use D to highlight a measurement; then press H. 3 1 4 2 5 6 7 8 amd27f.eps Figure 8-17.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Loopback Mode A The overall result for the test. B Overall results for the fiber (E is PASS, F is FAIL): • Loss (Output -> Input): Loss on the fiber connected between the tester’s output and input ports. • Length: The length of the fiber between the tester’s output and input ports. To see the propagation delay, select the length result. • Propagation delay is the time taken for a signal to travel between the tester’s output and input ports.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Autotest in Far End Source Mode Use Far End Source mode to measure power or power loss at one wavelength on individual fibers. Far End Source mode requires a stand-alone optical source, such as a DTX smart remote with a fiber module. You can also use other sources, such as a Fluke Networks SimpliFiber® Pro source or LS-1310/1550 laser source. Figure 8-18 shows the equipment required for measuring loss in Far End Source mode.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Far End Source Mode 8 amd51f.eps A Tester and smart remote with fiber modules and connector adapters installed (match connector adapters to the connectors in the link) B Memory card (optional) C Two AC adapters with line cords (optional) D Test reference cord. Match the fiber to be tested. SC connector at one end. Match the link connectors at the other end. E Test reference cord. Match the fiber and connectors in the link.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Setting the Reference in Far End Source Mode 1 Turn on the tester and smart remote and let them sit for 5 minutes. Allow additional time if the fiber modules have been stored above or below ambient temperature. For other sources, warm up according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. 2 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP; then select Fiber Loss. 3 Select Remote End Setup; then select Far End Source.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Far End Source Mode WCaution Do not disconnect the test reference cord from the smart remote’s output after setting the reference. 8 If you do, you must set the reference again to ensure valid measurements. amd149b.eps Figure 8-19.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Testing Your Test Reference Cords in Far End Source Mode WCaution If you disconnected the test reference cord from the tester’s output, you must set the reference again to ensure valid measurements. 11 Disconnect the test reference cord from the INPUT port on the tester. 12 Make the connections shown in Figure 8-20. 13 Turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST, then press P. 14 Press H to see the test result.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Far End Source Mode 8 amd177.eps Figure 8-20.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Running the Autotest in Far End Source Mode WCaution If the test reference cord has been disconnected from the smart remote’s output since the reference was set, you must set the reference again to ensure valid measurements. 17 Turn on the tester and smart remote and let them sit for 5 minutes. Allow additional time if the fiber modules have been stored above or below ambient temperature.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Far End Source Mode 8 amd150f.eps Figure 8-21.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook To see more detailed results, use D to highlight a measurement; then press H. Far End Source Mode Autotest Results The Summary screen appears when the test is finished. Figure 8-22 describes the Summary screen loss results screen for an Autotest in Far End Source mode. 3 1 2 4 7 5 6 8 amd28f.eps Figure 8-22.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Autotest in Far End Source Mode A Overall results for the fiber: B Loss (Remote -> Main): Overall loss on the fiber connected between the tester’s output and input ports. 8 E The maximum loss allowed by the selected test limit. F The difference between the limit and the measured loss. Margin is negative if the loss exceeded the limit. G Meter for the loss measurement. Values in the red zone E: PASS exceed the selected test limit. F: FAIL H Press L View Ref.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Bi-Directional Testing The Bi-Directional setting lets you test cabling in both directions and save the bi-directional test results in Smart Remote and Loopback modes. To run a bi-directional test: 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP; then select Fiber Loss. 2 Select Bi-Directional; then select Yes. 3 Run an Autotest test on the cabling, as described in the previous sections for Smart Remote mode and Loopback mode.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Bi-Directional Testing Unsaved results show both the input and output fibers First saved result is the input fiber 8 Second saved result is the output fiber amd127f.eps Figure 8-23.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Finding Connections with FindFiber The FindFiber™ function helps you trace connections at patch panels and quickly check fiber continuity. Note The FindFiber function is not available in Far End Source mode. Using FindFiber in Smart Remote Mode Use the FindFiber function in Smart Remote mode to help you determine which fibers go to which connectors at a patch panel. Figure 8-24 shows the equipment needed for using FindFiber in Smart Remote mode.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Finding Connections with FindFiber 2 SC 1 SC 8 4 3 amd53f.eps A Tester and smart remote with fiber modules and connector adapters installed. Match connector adapters to the connectors in the link. B Two ac adapters with line cords (optional) C Test reference cords. Match the fiber to be tested. One end of each must have an SC connector. For the other connectors, match the connectors in the link. D Fiber cleaning supplies Figure 8-24.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook To use the FindFiber function in Smart Remote mode: 5 Try various connections to the patch panel with the main tester’s INPUT fiber until the input fiber’s status shows Connected. 6 Clean all connectors; then make the connections shown in Figure 8-25. Then try various connections with the main tester’s OUTPUT fiber until the output fiber’s status shows Connected. Turn the rotary switch to MONITOR; then select FindFiber.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Finding Connections with FindFiber 8 amd54f.eps Figure 8-25.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook amd103f.eps The main tester’s INPUT fiber path is not complete. If the main tester's OUTPUT fiber is connected to the remote's INPUT port, the remote's TEST LED blinks. amd105f.eps amd104f.eps The main tester’s INPUT fiber path is complete. The main tester’s OUTPUT fiber path is not complete. Both fiber paths are complete. On the remote, the TEST and PASS LEDs blink alternately. Figure 8-26.
8 Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Finding Connections with FindFiber Using FindFiber in Loopback Mode Use FindFiber in Loopback mode to quickly check the continuity of patch cords and fiber spools. Figure 8-27 shows the equipment needed for using FindFiber in Loopback mode. 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP; then select Fiber Loss. 2 Select Remote End Setup; then select Loopback. 3 Clean all connectors; then connect the tester's OUTPUT fiber to one end of the fiber path, as shown in Figure 8-28.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook amd56f.eps Figure 8-28.
8 Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Using the Power Meter Using the Power Meter The power meter lets you measure the optical power produced by a source such as an optical network interface card or optical test equipment. 2 The tester offers two versions of the power meter function: • • SINGLE TEST mode: Takes one power measurement at 850 nm and 1300 nm (DTX-MFM2), 850 nm and 1310 nm (DTX-GFM2), or 1310 nm and 1550 nm (DTX-SFM2). You can save the power measurement in this mode.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook To use the power meter in MONITOR mode: 4 Turn the rotary switch to MONITOR; then select Power Meter. 5 Press P. 6 Select the appropriate wavelength; then press P. The power meter in MONITOR mode runs continuously until you press I. Note If you need to save the power reading, use the power meter function in the SINGLE TEST mode. 1 Clean the tester’s input port, the test reference cord connectors, and the source connector.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Using the Power Meter To use the power meter in SINGLE TEST mode: Note Refer to previous sections on the Autotest in Smart Remote, Loopback, or Far End Source modes for details on selecting these modes and making test connections. 1 In SETUP, set the tester to Smart Remote, Loopback, or Far End Source mode. 2 Connect the tester to the cabling for Smart Remote, Loopback, or Far End Source mode.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook amd107f.eps amd106f.eps A Meters showing the power readings taken at each wavelength. The tester takes one measurement for each wavelength. B Power readings in decibels relative to 1 mW (dBm) or microwatts (µw). A Meter showing the power reading. The reading updates continuously until you press I. B To switch between dBm and µw, press J. C To switch wavelengths, press L Change λ. C To switch between decibels and microwatts, press J. Figure 8-31.
Certifying Fiber Optic Cabling Running Single Tests Running Single Tests The tester’s SINGLE TEST mode lets you run individual tests for isolating cabling failures and quickly testing repairs.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 8-62
Chapter 9: Locating Fibers and Faults with the Visual Fault Locator Note • The fiber modules are not compatible with the DTX-ELT. The OTDR module is not compatible with the DTX-ELT, DTX-CLT, or DTX-CLT CertiFiber. Reveal high-loss bends. If the locator’s light is visible around a bend in a fiber, the bend is too sharp. • Reveal problems in connectors. A damaged fiber inside a connector causes a red glow in the connector.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Using the Visual Fault Locator The visual fault locator port accepts connectors with 2.5 mm ferrules (SC, ST, or FC). To connect to other ferrule sizes, use a test reference cord with the appropriate connector at one end and a SC, ST, or FC connector at the tester end. Figure 9-1 shows the equipment needed for using the visual fault locator. 2 3 4 1 amd61f.
Locating Fibers and Faults with the Visual Fault Locator Using the Visual Fault Locator To use the visual fault locator: 1 Clean the connectors on the test reference cord, if used, and the fiber to be tested. 2 Connect the fiber directly to the tester’s VFL port or connect using the test reference cord. 3 Turn on the visual fault locator (refer to Figure 9-2): • DTX-MFM2/SFM2/GFM2 module: press the button near the VFL connector. Press again to switch to flashing mode.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Figure 9-2. Using the Visual Fault Locator 9-4 amd23f.
Chapter 10: Diagnosing Fiber Cabling Faults Common Causes of Failures Most problems in fiber links are caused by dirty, scratched, or damaged connectors, as shown in Table 10-1. The table shows results of a survey of 89 contractors and private network owners. The results show what percentage of each group commonly found the faults listed. Table 10-1.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Diagnosing Loss/Length Test Failures Table 10-2 describes some typical causes of fiber test failures. Table 10-2. Diagnosing Loss/Length Test Failures Loss measurement gives FAIL result • There is one or more dirty, damaged, misaligned, or unseated connections in the cabling. Check all connections and clean all fiber endfaces, then retest. The tester’s VFL can reveal damaged connectors and other faults. See Chapter 8 for details.
Diagnosing Fiber Cabling Faults Diagnosing Loss/Length Test Failures 10 Table 10-2. Diagnosing Fiber Test Failures (cont.) Loss is negative. • The fiber ends were dirty during referencing. • The connections to the tester were disturbed after referencing. • There was a kink in a test reference cord during referencing. • The connectors were not properly aligned during referencing. • The testers were much colder during referencing than during testing.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 10-2. Diagnosing Fiber Test Failures (cont.) Power meter measurement is too low • Fiber endface is dirty or damaged. • Test reference cord not connected to tester’s INPUT port, or a connection is loose. • Wavelength selected on tester doesn’t match source wavelength. • Source set to modulated output. • Test reference cord or adapter is the wrong type (SM or MM) or test reference cord has the wrong core size.
Diagnosing Fiber Cabling Faults Diagnosing OTDR Test Failures 10 Diagnosing OTDR Test Failures Table 10-3 describes some typical causes of fiber test failures. Table 10-3. Diagnosing OTDR Test Failures Overall Loss fails • There is one or more dirty or damaged connections in the cabling. Check the OTDR trace or event table for high-loss reflective events. • The wrong fiber type is selected on the OTDR tab in Setup.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 10-3. Diagnosing OTDR Test Failures (cont.) Largest Event fails • The event is a dirty or damaged connector. Check the OTDR trace or event table for high-loss reflective events. • A patch cord, launch fiber, or fiber segment has the wrong core size, backscatter coefficient, or mode field diameter. If the patch cords and launch fiber are the correct type, check the OTDR trace for mismatched cable in the cabling.
Diagnosing Fiber Cabling Faults Diagnosing OTDR Test Failures 10 Table 10-3. Diagnosing OTDR Test Failures (cont.) Large reflective event with high loss (top) or excessive tailing (bottom). May be identified as an end event though it occurs before the end of the cabling. May be caused by the following: • A dirty, scratched, cracked, misaligned, or unseated connector. Misaligned or unseated connectors can also cause large reflections that produce ghosts.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 10-3. Diagnosing OTDR Test Failures (cont.) Small reflective event with high loss. May be identified as an end event though it occurs before the end of the cabling. May be caused by very sharp bend, a crack, or a mechanical splice with high loss. If the event is a bend, it may show higher loss at a longer wavelength. Use a visual fault locator to verify the problem. Bad mechanical splices should be reworked. amd161.
Diagnosing Fiber Cabling Faults Diagnosing OTDR Test Failures 10 Table 10-3. Diagnosing Faults on OTDR Traces (cont.) Top figure: Ghost after the cabling end These are not listed in the event table and generally do not indicate a fault in the cabling. Bottom figure: Ghosts in the middle of the cabling Ghosts occurring in the middle of the cabling are listed in the event table, along with the source of the ghosts.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 10-10
Chapter 11: Verifying Network Service Notes Note Running network tests on a fiber link requires an optional SFP module. The DTX-NSM module is not compatible with the DTX-ELT. The DTX-NSM module does not support the Talk function.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Installing and Removing the Network Module and Optional SFP Module See Figure 11-2. Install the network module only in the main tester. Install an optional SFP (small form pluggable) module to test fiber links. WCaution amd38f.eps A The link LED is green when the tester is receiving link pulses from the network. B 8-pin module jack (RJ45) for connecting to twisted pair networks.
Verifying Network Service Installing and Removing the Network Module and Optional SFP Module Figure 11-2. Installing and Removing the Network and SFP Modules 11 amd39f.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Verifying Network Connectivity The network connectivity test lets you verify that a twisted pair or fiber link is connected to a network. The test provides details about the link's configuration and includes a ping function for verifying connectivity to stations on the network. 2 Select Utilities > DTX Utilities > Ping Target List on the LinkWare menu. 3 Create an address list; then download it to the tester.
Verifying Network Service Verifying Network Connectivity 11 Table 11-1. Network Connectivity Test Settings Setting SETUP > Network Settings > IP Address Assignment Description Select DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) to have the network's server assign the tester's address, gateway address, and DHCP and DNS (Domain Name System) server addresses. Most networks support DHCP. Select Static to enter the tester's address, subnet mask, gateway address, and DNS server address manually.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Running the Connectivity Test To test for network connectivity: Note The network connectivity test will not run on links with ground loops, analog telephone voltages, ISDN voltages, or other voltages (except PoE voltage). The tester warns you if it detects these conditions. 1 Select DHCP or Static mode and enter ping addresses in Setup, as described on pages 11-5 and 11-4. 2 Connect to the network as shown in Figure 11-3.
Verifying Network Service Verifying Network Connectivity Figure 11-3. Network Test Connections 11 amd17f.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook A Speeds supported by the switch or hub: 10 Mbit, 100 Mbit, 1000 Mbit. 1 2 The current speed is green. Arrows show the connection's duplex configuration: 4 3 5 B PoE shows if you ran the Network Connectivity w/PoE test and the device 6 appears to support Power over Ethernet. The tester requests power from suspected PoE devices. shows if the device did not supply power during the test. 7 SFP shows for a fiber link.
Verifying Network Service Verifying Network Connectivity D Select Negotiation Details to see details. See Figure 11-5. On the Negotiation Details screen, Yes for Pin Reversal indicates a reversed pair on the link, (such as wires 1 and 2 crossed). Run a wire map test on the link to check the wiring. E Select DTX Address to see details, including the subnet mask.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook A The speed negotiated for the connection. B The connection's duplex configuration: • Half Duplex: data travels in one direction at a time. • Full Duplex: data travels in both directions at the same time (as with Gigabit Ethernet). C Twisted pair links only: MDI-X (medium-dependent interface crossover): The tester compensated for a crossover cable by crossing pairs 12-36. 5 MDI: The tester did not compensate for a crossover cable.
Verifying Network Service Pinging Network Devices Pinging Network Devices 5 11 Do one of the following: The ping test verifies connectivity to devices on the network. • To ping one device, highlight the device; then press P. To ping a network device: • To ping all devices in the list, press JPing All. 1 Enter ping addresses in Setup. See page 11-4. 2 Connect to the network as shown on page 11-7. The overall ping result appears on the Network Connectivity screen.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 1 A The name and IP address of the device that was pinged. B Number of pings sent and received. C The minimum, average, and maximum times taken for the ping requests to 2 travel to the target address and back to the tester (Round Trip Return Time). 3 RTT Std Dev. is the standard deviation of the RTTs. This tells, on average, how far RTT values are from the average RTT value. amd16.eps Figure 11-6.
Verifying Network Service Monitoring Network Traffic 11 Monitoring Network Traffic The traffic monitor lets you identify active cables and check a network's basic health. Note Traffic monitor results cannot be saved. To monitor network traffic: 1 Turn on the tester; then connect to the network as shown on page 11-7. 2 Turn the rotary switch to MONITOR; then run the Network Connectivity test. 3 When the test is complete, press J Traffic. Figure 11-7 describes the traffic monitor screen.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook A The time the test has been running. B Traffic characteristics for the last 1 second, and the average and peak values since the test began: 1 • Utilization: Percentage of the network’s bandwidth used. This indicates the traffic density on the network. Utilization averaging over 40 % may indicate a problem. • Collisions: The percentage of collision frames as compared to the total number of frames detected in the last 1 second.
Verifying Network Service Blinking a Port Light 11 Blinking a Port Light Identifying Links (twisted pair only) The Port Blink function helps you quickly locate a link's port at a switch or hub. This function generates a link pulse on pairs 12 and 36 to blink the port's activity LED. The ID Locator function helps you quickly identify link connections at a patch panel. This function requires one or more optional Fluke Networks LinkRunner™ Cable ID locators.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Figure 11-8. Identifying Links with Optional LinkRunner Cable ID Locators 11-16 amd20f.
Verifying Network Service Diagnosing Low-Level Network Problems Diagnosing Low-Level Network Problems 11 are usually addressed by a network technician or administrator using a network tester or analyzer. Table 11-2 lists common causes of symptoms you can detect with the DTX-NSM module. The DTX-NSM module helps you troubleshoot links and diagnose network problems up through layer 3 of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnect) 7-layer model. It can also indicate problems at higher levels.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 11-2. Diagnosing Low-Level Network Problems (cont.) Wire pairs 12 and 36 are reversed • Mix of 568A and 568B wiring standards. • Crossover cables used where not needed. They are typically used only between two switches or hubs. • Tester is connected to a NIC (network interface card) with a straight-through cable. The reversed result is normal in this situation, since a NIC transmits on pair 12 while a switch or hub transmits on 36.
Verifying Network Service Diagnosing Low-Level Network Problems 11 Table 11-2. Diagnosing Low-Level Network Problems (cont.) Collision rate averaging above 5 % • Duplex mismatch on the network. • Too many stations within the collision domain. • Faulty hub, switch, NIC, or other device. • Cabling is too long. Errors detected (any rate above 0 %) • Cabling is too long.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 11-20
Chapter 12: Custom Test Settings Note The DTX-ELT does not support custom test settings. On models DTX-1800, DTX-1200, and DTX-LT, you can customize the following test settings: Creating a Custom Twisted Pair Cable Type You can create up to nine custom twisted pair cable types.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 4 5 6 On the Custom screen, select Use Default Values From, select a cable group; then select a cable type as a baseline for your custom cable type. To change the NVP for your custom cable, select NVP on the Custom screen. You may set the NVP to a specified value, or determine the actual NVP of a sample of cable. See "Changing the NVP" on page 12-10. From the Custom screen, press N when you are done creating the cable type.
Custom Test Settings Creating a Custom Outlet Configuration To create a custom twisted pair limit: 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP; then select Twisted Pair. 2 Select Test Limit, press J More; then select Custom. 3 Press J Create. 4 On the Custom screen, select Name; then use the text editing screen to enter a name for your custom limit. Press N when you are done.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 6 On the Custom screen use AD and H to select wire pairs to enable or disable. 7 If the baseline configuration has additional wire pairs, use BC to move among the tabs. 8 4 On the Custom screen, select Name; then use the text editing screen to enter a name for your custom fiber type. Press N when you are done.
Custom Test Settings Creating a Custom Limit for Loss/Length Tests Creating a Custom Limit for Loss/Length Tests 6 You can create up to nine custom fiber limits for loss/length tests. A custom fiber limit for loss/length tests includes the following settings: • Custom limit name • Baseline limit for default values • Maximum fiber length • Maximum loss at the wavelengths required by the baseline limit. 12 The Custom screen shows other settings on multiple tabs for the fiber test limit.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Creating a Custom Fiber Type for OTDR Tests 7 To change the backscatter coefficient, press C to go to the next tab on the Custom screen, select Backscatter for a wavelength; then use the editing screen to enter a value. Press N when you are done. Repeat as necessary for other wavelengths. 8 From the Custom screen, press N when you are done creating the fiber type. You can create up to nine custom fiber types for OTDR tests.
Custom Test Settings Creating Custom Limits for OTDR Tests Creating Custom Limits for OTDR Tests 6 You can create up to nine custom limits for OTDR tests. Each limit can include multiple fiber types. Table 12-1 describes the settings used in custom OTDR limits. To create a custom fiber limit for OTDR tests: 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP; then select Fiber OTDR. 2 Select Test Limit; then select Custom. If Custom is not in the list, press J More to see more test limits.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 12-1. Settings for Custom OTDR Limits Setting Description Length Enter a maximum length for the cabling. Reflective Event Loss Enter a maximum value for connector loss. A typical value is 0.75 dB. Non-reflective Event Loss Enter a maximum value for splice loss. A typical value is 0.3 dB. Event Reflectance Enter a maximum reflection value for a single event.
Custom Test Settings Editing Custom Settings 12 Editing Custom Settings Deleting Custom Settings The editing function lets you change values in existing custom settings. To delete a custom cable, fiber type, test limit, or outlet configuration: To edit an existing custom cable, fiber type, test limit, or outlet configuration: 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP; then select Twisted Pair, Fiber Loss, or Fiber OTDR.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Changing the NVP 4 Do one of the following: The tester uses an NVP value (nominal velocity of propagation) and the signal delay through cable to calculate the length of twisted pair and coaxial cabling. 5 To change the NVP for the selected cable type, select NVP on the Twisted Pair or Coax menu. 6 To change the NVP for a custom twisted pair cable type, create a custom cable type or select one for editing; then select NVP on the Custom screen.
Custom Test Settings Changing the NVP 12 4 Select Twisted Pair or Coax. Resetting the NVP to the Default Value 5 Do one of the following: You can reset the NVP to the default value defined by the selected cable type by re-selecting the cable type in SETUP. 6 To change the NVP for the selected cable type, select NVP on the Twisted Pair or Coax menu.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Transferring Custom Settings Between Testers To transfer custom limits, cable types, outlet configurations, and fiber types between testers, use the Modify DTX Test Limits utility in LinkWare software. This utility lets you upload custom settings from a tester to a PC, then download the settings to other testers. See the LinkWare online help for details.
Chapter 13: Memory Functions Storage Locations and Capacities All DTX Series testers can store up to 250 Cat 6 Autotest results, including graphical data, in internal memory. The maximum capacity of internal memory depends on the space taken by the tester’s software. The DTX-1800 and DTX-1200 can store up to 4,000 Autotest results, including graphical data, on a 128 MB removable memory card. The DTX-1800 and DTX-1200 testers can use Multi Media Card (MMC) or Secure Digital memory cards (SD).
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook A The memory status currently displayed. is shown for internal memory. 1 is shown for the memory card (DTX-1800, DTX-1200) 2 DTX-1800/DTX-1200: Press A to switch between the memory card and internal memory status. 3 B The bar graph shows the space used in the current memory 4 destination. C The number of results saved in the location being displayed. D The approximate number of results you can save in the location being displayed.
Memory Functions Setting the Storage Location (DTX-1800, DTX-1200) Setting the Storage Location (DTX-1800, DTX-1200) To set the destination for saved results on a DTX-1800 or DTX-1200 tester: 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 2 Use D to highlight Instrument Settings; then press H. 3 Use D to highlight Result Storage Location; then press H. 4 Use D to highlight Internal Memory or Memory Card (if present); then press H.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Working with Folders You can create folders for each job to organize your test results. The tester saves test results in the folder you select. Creating a New Folder Changing Folders To change the current folder: 1 Turn the rotary switch to SETUP. 2 Use D to highlight Instrument Settings; then press H. 3 DTX-1800, DTX1200: Verify that the Result Storage Location shows the correct location. Change the location if necessary.
Memory Functions Working with Folders 13 Deleting Folders To delete a folder and all the results it contains: 1 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS. 2 Use D to highlight View/Delete Results; then press H. 3 If necessary, press J Change Folder to find the folder you want to delete. 4 Press K Delete. 5 Use D to highlight Current Folder; then press L Delete.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Viewing and Managing Saved Results Figure 13-2 describes the View Results screen. To view and manage saved results, turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS, use D to highlight View/Delete Results; then press H. A Sorting order of the list of results. For example, ID Q means the list is sorted by cable IDs in ascending order. Press L Sort to change the order. 1 2 4 3 B Name of the current folder.
Memory Functions Viewing and Managing Saved Results 13 Moving or Copying Results to a Memory Card (DTX-1800, DTX-1200) Deleting Results To move or copy all results from internal memory to the memory card: 1 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS. 1 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS. 2 Use D to highlight View/Delete Results; then press H. 2 Select Move/Copy Internal Results; then select an option: 3 If necessary, press J Change Folder to find the result(s) you want to delete.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Renaming Results To sort results: To rename saved results: 1 On the View Results screen, press L Sort. 1 On the View Results screen, select the result you want to rename. 2 Use D to highlight the field you want to sort by. 2 On the Summary screen, press N. 3 Press J Ascending or L Descending. 3 Enter an new ID for the result; then press N.
Memory Functions Formatting a Memory Card (DTX-1800, DTX-1200) or Internal Memory Formatting a Memory Card (DTX-1800, DTX-1200) or Internal Memory Formatting erases all contents of the memory card or internal memory. You can also format a memory card or internal memory in SPECIAL FUNCTIONS mode: 1 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS. 2 Use D to highlight Memory Status; then press H.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Uploading Results to a PC To upload results to a PC: 1 Install the latest version of LinkWare software on your PC. 2 Turn on the tester. 3 Connect the tester to the PC with the USB cable included or the DTX serial cable available from Fluke Networks. or Insert the memory card containing results into the PC’s memory card reader. 4 Start LinkWare software on the PC. Click Import on the LinkWare toolbar. Select the tester’s model from the list.
Chapter 14: Maintenance and Specifications WCaution Maintenance WWarningX To avoid possible fire, electric shock, personal injury, or damage to the tester: • Do not open the case. No user-serviceable parts are inside. • Replacing electrical parts yourself will void the tester's warranty and might compromise its safety features. • Use only specified replacement parts for userreplaceable items. • Use only Fluke Networks authorized service centers.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook WCaution Factory Calibration The tester requires calibration at a service center once a year to ensure that it meets or exceeds the published accuracy specifications. Contact an authorized Fluke Networks Service Center for information on getting your tester calibrated. To see when the tester last received a service calibration, turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS; then select Version Information.
Maintenance and Specifications Maintenance 14 Note The DTX serial cable connects a PC’s DB-9 RS-232 serial port to the miniature RS-232 serial port on the DTX-1800 and DTX-1200 testers. This cable is included with the DTX-1800 and is available from Fluke Networks. Table 14-3 on page 14-38 shows the pin connections for this cable. 4 Select Utilities > DTX Utilities > Software Update from the LinkWare menu, locate and select the .dtx (DTX update) file; then click Open.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Updating with Another Tester You can update a tester’s software using another tester that is already updated. 1 Connect an updated tester or smart remote to a tester or smart remote that needs updating, as shown in Figure 14-3 or 14-4. Note One of the units must be a main tester. 2 Turn on both units; then press Pon either. 3 The testers compare software versions.
Maintenance and Specifications Maintenance 14 PASS TEST FAIL TALK TONE LOW BATTERY F1 F2 F3 TEST EXIT ENTER SAVE SINGLE TEST AUTO TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS MONITOR TEST TALK TALK F1 F2 F3 F1 TEST EXIT F2 F3 TEST EXIT ENTER ENTER SAVE SINGLE TEST MONITOR TALK AUTO TEST SAVE SINGLE TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS MONITOR AUTO TEST SETUP SPECIAL FUNCTIONS amd179.eps TALK amd73f.eps Figure 14-4.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Updating with a Memory Card (DTX-1800, DTX-1200) Updating the Limits or Cable Types Database You can update the tester’s software using a memory card that contains the software update file. Fluke Networks may release a test limits or cable types database that is not part of a software update. To install a new database in your tester, use the Modify DTX Test Limits utility in LinkWare software. See the LinkWare online help for details.
Maintenance and Specifications Maintenance To retrain the battery gauge: 1 Connect the main and remote testers together using a permanent link adapter and a channel adapter, two channel adapters or two coaxial adapters and a patch cord, or two fiber modules and a test reference cord. 14 /Note Dispose of the lithium ion battery pack in accordance with local regulations. Replacing the Internal Battery 2 Connect the ac adapters to the main and remote testers. Turn on both testers.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Replacing Fiber Test Reference Cords (DTX-XFM2 modules) Choose replacement test reference cords that meet the following requirements: Storage Before storing the tester or an extra battery for an extended period, charge the battery to between 70 % and 90 % of full charge. Check the battery every 4 months and recharge if necessary.
Maintenance and Specifications If Something Seems Wrong If Something Seems Wrong 14 If something seems wrong with the tester, refer to Table 14-1. If possible, have the tester’s serial number, software and hardware versions, and calibration date available. To see this information, turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS; then select Version Information. If Table 14-1 does not help you solve a problem with the tester, contact Fluke Networks for additional help. See page 1-3 for contact information.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 14-1. Troubleshooting the Tester (cont.) The tester will not turn on even when the battery is charged. The battery’s safety switch has tripped. Connect the ac adapter for a few minutes to reset the switch. All the LEDs on the smart remote are flashing The smart remote detects excessive voltage on the cable. Unplug the cable immediately. Test results appear to be incorrect. The tester may not be configured correctly.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 14 Specifications Feature Comparison of DTX Models Feature Maximum Category/Class DTX-1800 DTX-1200 DTX-LT DTX-ELT DTX-CLT DTX-CLT CertiFiber 7/F 6/E 6/E 6/E 5e/D NA Maximum Frequency (normal, extended) 600 MHz, 800 MHz (RL, NEXT) 900 MHz (IL, NEXT) 250 MHz, 350 MHz 250 MHz, 350 MHz 250 MHz, 350 MHz 100 MHz, 155 MHz NA Class F Autotest Time Less than 25 s NA NA NA NA NA Cat 6 Autotest Time (Cat 5e for the DTX-CLT) Less than 10 s Le
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Environmental and Regulatory Specifications Operating temperature1 32 °F to 113 °F (0 oC to 45 oC) Storage temperature -4 °F to +140 °F (-20 oC to +60 oC) Operating relative humidity2 (% RH without condensation) 32 °F to 95 °F (0 °C to 35 °C): 0 % to 90 % 95 °F to 113 °F (35 °C to 45 °C): 0 % to 70 % Vibration Random, 2 g, 5 Hz-500 Hz Shock 1 m drop test with and without module and adapter attached Safety CSA C22.2 No. 1010.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications WWarningX Under no circumstances is this product intended for direct connection to telephony inputs, systems, or equipment, including ISDN inputs. Doing so is a misapplication of this product, which could result in damage to the tester and create a potential shock hazard to the user.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Summary of Performance Specifications Length Note Note All specifications for tests on twisted pair cabling apply to 100 Ω cable. Contact Fluke Networks for information on measurement performance for cable with a different impedance. For Category 6/Class E test modes or below, the DTX CableAnalyzer is compliant with Level III requirements of TIA-568-C.2-1 and IEC 61935-2.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications Delay Skew Propagation Delay Twisted pair cabling Parameter 14 Without Remote With Remote Range 4000 ns 750 ns Resolution 1 ns 1 ns Accuracy ± (2 ns + 2 %); 0 ns to 750 ns ± (2 ns + 2 %) ± (2 ns + 4 %); 750 ns to 4000 ns Parameter Twisted Pair Cabling Range 0 ns to 100 ns Resolution 1 ns Accuracy ± 10 ns DC Loop Resistance Test Parameter Twisted pair cabling Range 0 Ω to 530 Ω Resolution 0.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 14-2. Level IV Accuracy Performance Parameters per IEC Guidelines* Parameter Baseline Field Tester Field Tester with Level IV Permanent Link Adapter Dynamic range 3 dB over test limit PPNEXT and FEXT 65 dB PS NEXT and FEXT 62 dB Amplitude resolution 0.1 dB Frequency range and resolution 1 MHz to 31.25 MHz: 125 kHz 31.25 MHz to 100 MHz: 250 kHz 100 MHz to 250 MHz: 500 kHz 250 MHz to 600 MHz: 1 MHz Dynamic Accuracy NEXT ± 0.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 14 Table 14-2. Level IV Accuracy Performance Parameters per IEC Guidelines (cont.)* Parameter Source/load return loss Baseline Field Tester 1 MHz to 300 MHz: 20 – 12.5 log(f/100), 20 dB maximum Field Tester with Level IV Permanent Link Adapter Field Tester with Level IV Channel Adapter 1- 300 MHz: 18 – 12.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Table 14-2. Level IV Accuracy Performance Parameters per IEC Guidelines (cont.)* Parameter Baseline Field Tester Field Tester with Level IV Permanent Link Adapter Field Tester with Level IV Channel Adapter Common Mode Rejection 40 - 20 log(f/100) (measured to 60 dB maximum) Tracking ± 0.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications Measurement Accuracy The measurement accuracy of the DTX Series CableAnalyzer testers meets or exceeds accuracy Level IV. The DTX-1800 measures up to 900 MHz and is fully compliant with accuracy Level IV. The DTX-1200, DTX-LT, and DTX-ELT measure up to 350 MHz with accuracy Level IV performance. The DTX-CLT measures up to 100 MHz with accuracy Level IV.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 2.5 Level IV Accuracy Worse 1.5 Better Accuracy in dB 2 1 Worst Case DTX Accuracy Network Analyzer Accuracy 0.5 Best Case DTX Accuracy 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Frequency in MHz amd110f.eps Figure 14-5.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 3 14 Level IV Accuracy Worse 2 1.5 Better Accuracy in dB 2.5 Worst Case DTX Accuracy 1 Network Analyzer Accuracy Best Case DTX Accuracy 0.5 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Frequency in MHz amd111f.eps Figure 14-6.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 5 4.5 Worse 3.5 3 2.5 Better Accuracy in dB 4 Level IV Accuracy Worst Case DTX Accuracy 2 1.5 Network Analyzer Accuracy 1 0.5 0 Best Case DTX Accuracy 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Frequency in MHz amd112f.eps Figure 14-7.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 14 7 Level IV Accuracy Worse 5 Better Accuracy in dB 6 Worst Case DTX Accuracy 4 3 Network Analyzer Accuracy 2 1 Best Case DTX Accuracy 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Frequency in MHz amd113f.eps Figure 14-8.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook HDTDX Analyzer Specifications for Cables <100 m (328 ft) The specifications below are typical for cables less than 100 m (328 ft). Parameter Twisted Pair Cable Characteristic Impedance The tester reports an estimate of the cable's impedance at 4 m from the beginning of the link. The accuracy of the measurement is relative to a 100 Ω terminating resistance. Parameter Twisted Pair Cable Distance accuracy ± (1 ft (0.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 14 DTX-COAX Coaxial Adapter Specifications Input connector Male F-connector. BNC adapter allows connection to coaxial network cabling Cable types tested Coaxial video and network cabling Length Range: 800 m (2625 ft) with or without remote Resolution: 0.1 m or 1 ft Accuracy: 0 m to 150 m (0 ft to 492 ft): ±(0.3 m + 2 %) 150 m to 800 m (492 ft to 2625 ft): ±(0.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook DTX-COAX Coaxial Adapter Specifications (cont.) Insertion loss Frequency range and resolution: 1 MHz to 31.25 MHz: 125 kHz 31.5 MHz to 100 MHz: 250 kHz 100.5 MHz to 250 MHz: 500 kHz 251 MHz to 900 MHz: 1 MHz Source/load return loss (typical): (75 Ω reference impedance) 1 MHz to 300 MHz: 20 – 12.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 14 DTX-NSM Module Specifications Input connectors Twisted pair cable: 8-pin modular jack (RJ45) Fiber optic cable: SFP port (small form pluggable) Indicator Green LED indicates link activity Functions Verifies link connectivity and network service availability, checks link utilization and error conditions, verifies the presence of PoE (Power over Ethernet), blinks a hub/switch activity LED, detects LinkRunner™ cable ID locators Protocol Complies with IE
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook DTX Compact OTDR Module Specifications Specification Multimode Singlemode Wavelengths 850 nm ±20 nm; 1300 nm +35 nm, -15 nm 1310 nm ±25 nm, 1550 nm ±30 nm Fiber Under Test 62.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 14 DTX Compact OTDR Module Specifications (cont.) Specification Multimode Singlemode Event Deadzone5 850 nm: 3.7 m typical 1300 nm: 3.5 m typical 1310 nm: 3.5 m typical 1550 nm: 3.5 m typical Attenuation Deadzone6 850 nm: 10 m typical 1300 nm: 13 m typical 1310 nm: 10 m typical 1550 nm: 12 m typical Testing Speed per Wavelength Auto OTDR mode: 15 seconds typical Manual OTDR mode: user-selectable from 15 seconds to 3 minutes.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook DTX Compact OTDR Module Specifications (cont.) Specification Multimode Singlemode ±1 m ± 0.005 % of distance ± 50 % of resolution ± index of refraction error ± event location error ±1 m ± 0.005 % of distance ± 50 % of resolution ± index of refraction error ± event location error ±0.05 dB/dB ±0.05 dB/dB Reflectance Accuracy ±4 dB ±4 dB Loss Threshold 0.01 dB to 1.5 dB settable in 0.01 dB increments 0.01 dB to 1.5 dB settable in 0.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 14 DTX-MFM2/SFM2/GFM2 Fiber Module Specifications Power Meter Specifications Input connector Interchangeable connector adapter (SC standard) Detector type InGaAs Calibrated wavelengths 850 nm, 1310 nm, 1550 nm Power measurement range 0 dBm to -60 dBm (1300/1310 nm and 1550 nm) 0 dBm to -52 dBm (850 nm) Display resolution dB, dBm: 0.01 Linear (µW): >400, >40, >4, >0.4, ≤0.4: 1, 0.1, 0.01, 0.001, 0.0001 Power measurement uncertainty (accuracy) ± 0.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Loss/Length Specifications DTX-MFM2 Multimode Modules Specification DTX-GFM2 Gigabit Modules DTX-SFM2 Singlemode Modules Testing speeds (excluding referencing times) Far End Source mode (1 wavelength): ≤ 4.5 s Loopback mode (2 wavelengths, one direction): ≤ 5 s Smart Remote mode (2 wavelengths, one direction): ≤ 15 s Output connector SC Input connector Interchangeable connector adapter (SC standard) Fiber types tested 50/125 µm to 62.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 14 Loss/Length Specifications (cont.) Specification DTX-MFM2 Multimode Modules DTX-GFM2 Gigabit Modules DTX-SFM2 Singlemode Modules Length measurement accuracy ± 1.5 m plus ± 2 % of length Propagation time accuracy ± 15 ns plus ± 2 % of propagation time Output power (nominal) ≥ -20 dBm Output power stability over 8-hour period (after 5 minute warmup) ± 0.10 dB over 8 hours, ± 0.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Loss/Length Specifications (cont.) Specification DTX-MFM2 Multimode Modules DTX-GFM2 Gigabit Modules Power measurement uncertainty (accuracy) ± 0.25 dB1 Measurement linearity (18 °C to 28 °C constant temperature) 1300/1310 nm and 1550 nm: ±0.1 dB2 850 nm: ±0.2 dB3 Dynamic Range for main-remote communication and nominal length measurement ≥ 12 dB Re-calibration period 1 year Display update rate 1 reading per second 1.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 14 Visual Fault Locator Specifications Output power* 316 µw (-5 dBm) ≤ peak power ≥ 1.0 mw (0 dBm) Operating wavelength 650 nm nominal Spectral width (RMS) ± 3 nm Output modes Continuous wave and pulsed mode (2 Hz to 3 Hz blink frequency) Connector adapter 2.5 mm universal Laser safety Class II CDRH * Into SMF-28 singlemode fiber, continuous wave and pulse modes, SC/UPC connector.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Power Electromagnetic Compatibility Notes You do not need to fully discharge the battery before recharging it. The battery will not charge at temperatures outside of 0 °C to 45 °C (32 °F to 113 °F). The battery charges at a reduced rate between 40 °C and 45 °C (104 °F and 113 °F). • Main unit and remote: Lithium-ion battery pack, 7.4 V, 4000 mAh • Typical battery life: 10 to 12 hours. At least 8 hours with the DTX compact OTDR module.
Maintenance and Specifications Specifications 14 CSA Standards Regulatory Information CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 1010.1-92 + Amendment 2: 1997 and CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 1010.1 2000 (2nd edition) Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement, Control, and Laboratory Use, Part 1: General Requirements. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and, if not installed and used in accordance with the manual, may cause interference to radio communications.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Serial Interfaces The RS-232 (EIA/TIA-232) serial port connects to a PC with a DB-9 to IEEE 1394 (Firewire) cable available from Fluke Networks. Table 14-3 shows the pin connections for the DTX serial cable. The tester and smart remote have a USB client interface. The main DTX-1800 and DTX-1200 testers also have an RS-232 (EIA/TIA-232) interface. Table 14-3.
Appendices Appendix A: How to Test Your Test Reference Cords Why You Must Do this Test Equipment You Must Have To get accurate measurements of loss, you must use highquality test reference cords that are in good condition and comply with ISO/IEC 14763-3. Measurements of optical power loss are very much affected by the condition of the endfaces on the fiber connectors. Dirty endfaces and endfaces with damage are the most common causes of problems in fiber links.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook amd173.eps A Tester with a fiber module and a connector adapter installed. Use the connector adapter that connects to the cords you will test. D A test reference cord that you are sure is good. One connector is SC. The other connector is the same as on the cords you will test.
How to Test Your Test Reference Cords 1. Set Up the Tester • Fiber Type: Select the type of cable you will test. This sets the index of refraction (n). The test limits shown above use n to calculate the length of the fiber, then they use the length to calculate the limit for loss. Thus, you must use the correct value of n to get an accurate measurement of loss. If you cannot find the correct fiber type, you can enter the value of n for your fiber on tab 3 of the setup menus.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 2. Clean and Inspect the Connectors 2-1 Test reference cords must have endfaces that are clean and have no damage. Always use correct procedures to clean endfaces. See page 8-9 or use the procedures given with your cleaning supplies. A B 2-2 After you clean an endface, use a fiber microscope to examine the endface. Figure A-2 shows examples of what you can see with a fiber microscope. C D amd172.eps A A clean endface that has no damage.
How to Test Your Test Reference Cords 3. Set the Reference A 3. Set the Reference 3-1 Make the connections shown in Figure A-3. 3-2 Turn the rotary switch to SPECIAL FUNCTIONS, then select Set Reference. If both a fiber module and a twisted pair or coaxial adapter are attached, select Fiber Module next. 3-3 Make sure that the reference value is good: • For 50/125 µm fiber, the reference value must be better than -24.50 dBm (for example, -23.50 dBm is a better value) • For 62.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 4. Test the Cord in Both Directions 5. Read the Loss Measurements 4-1 Disconnect the test reference cord from the INPUT port of the tester (Figure A-4, A). Compare the loss measurement for each direction to these limits: 4-2 Connect the cord you want test (Figure A-4, B). 4-3 Turn the rotary switch to AUTOTEST, then press P. This test measures the loss of connector shown in Figure A-4.
How to Test Your Test Reference Cords 5. Read the Loss Measurements A B A C amd171.eps Figure A-4.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook A-8
Appendix B: Fiber Test Method Names Industry standards use different names for equivalent fiber test methods. Table B-1 shows the names used in this manual and by four common industry standards for the three fiber test methods. Table B-1. Test Method Names Link End Connections Included in Loss Results This Manual TIA/EIA-526-14A (multimode) TIA/EIA-526-7 (singlemode) IEC 61280-4-1 (multimode) IEC 61280-4-2 (singlemode) 1 connection 2 Jumper Method A Method A.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook B-2
Appendix C: Loss Test Methods for Fiber Cabling Introduction Notes The following discussion uses the 1, 2, and 3 jumper terminology for the names of the three common test methods. See Appendix B for a crossreference of the method names in various standards. To test links with different connectors at each end, visit the Fluke Networks Knowledge Base for suggestions. Use the Test Method setting on the tester’s Fiber menu in SETUP to record the method used. This setting does not affect loss results.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 1 Jumper Method Results from the 1 Jumper method account for the loss of two connections plus the fiber in the link. This method is suitable for testing premises fiber, where patch cords are typically used at both ends of the link and connector loss is a significant portion of the total loss. Appendix B shows the names of the standards that define the 1 Jumper method.
Loss Test Methods for Fiber Cabling 1 Jumper Method C amd70f.eps Figure C-1.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 2 Jumper Method Results from the 2 Jumper method account for the loss of one connection plus the fiber in the link. This method is suitable for links where the fiber's loss is a significant portion of the total loss, such as when the link is long or a patch cord is used at only one end. Appendix B shows the names of the standards that define the 2 Jumper method.
Loss Test Methods for Fiber Cabling 2 Jumper Method C amd69f.eps Figure C-2.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook 3 Jumper Method Results from the 3 Jumper method account for the loss of only the fiber in the link. This method is suitable for testing links where the fiber's loss is the majority of the total loss, such as when the link is very long or patch cords are not used at either end. Appendix B shows the names of the standards that define the 3 Jumper method.
Loss Test Methods for Fiber Cabling 3 Jumper Method C amd71f.eps Figure C-3.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Modified 1 Jumper Method This section shows modified reference and test connections that produce 1 Jumper results. Use these connections if you need 1 Jumper results but do not have connector adapters that match the connectors on the fiber under test. This method lets you connect to the fiber without disturbing the fiber modules' output connections after setting the reference.
Loss Test Methods for Fiber Cabling Modified 1 Jumper Method C amd47f.eps Figure C-4.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook amd48f.eps Figure C-5.
Index Symbols –A– * in results, 3-12 * in test settings, 12-2, 12-3, 12-4, 12-5, 12-6, 12-7 > (in reflectance results), 7-43 $ in cable IDs, 1-32 AC wire map, 4-1 accessories standard, 1-4 ACR. See ACR-N. ACR-F, 3-28 diagnosing test failures, 6-6 specifications, 14-16 test, 3-28 ACR-N, 3-24 adapters, 1-20 APC connectors launch fiber compensation, 7-17 launch/receive fibers, 7-11 OTDR trace, 10-9 test reference cords, 8-11, 14-8 asterisk in results, 3-12 attenuation coefficient, 7-42 attenuation.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook Auto Increment overview, 1-31 tutorial, 2-22 Auto OTDR mode, 7-10 Auto Save Results, 1-32, 13-3 Auto Sequence overview, 1-32 tutorial, 2-23 Autotest asterisk in results, 3-12 automatic diagnostics, 3-11 coaxial, 5-6 coaxial results, 5-9 counter for adapters, 1-25 Far End Source mode, 8-38 Loopback mode, 8-28 OTDR, 7-23 results coaxial, 5-9 Far End Source mode, 8-46 Loopback mode, 8-36 OTDR, 7-28 Smart Remote mode, 8-26 twisted pair, 3-9 Smart Remote mode
Index downloaded from a PC, 1-31 sequential, 2-23 templates, 2-25 troubleshooting, 2-24 Cable Type coaxial, 5-3 custom, 12-1 new cable types database, 14-6 twisted pair, 3-3 calibration, 14-2 campus template, 2-26 certifications, 14-36 channel interface adapters, 1-20 test connections, 3-8 characteristic impedance coaxial, 5-10 specifications, 14-24 twisted pair, 3-18 checkmark coaxial results, 5-9 fiber loss/length results, 8-27, 8-37 network connectivity results, 11-9 OTDR results, 7-28 twisted pair resul
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook OTDR module connector, 7-9 fiber loss/length module, 8-5 inspecting, A-4 main tester, 1-13 OTDR module, 7-21 RJ11 (telephone), 1-9 smart remote, 1-15 counter for Autotests, 1-25 cradle, 7-6 crossed pairs, 3-16 cursors on OTDR trace, 7-34 custom limits deleting, 12-9 editing, copying, renaming, 12-9 fiber type loss/length tests, 12-4 OTDR tests, 12-6 outlet configuration, 12-3 test limits loss/length, 12-5 OTDR, 12-7 twisted pair, 12-2 transferring betwee
Index DTX-NSM module. See network service. –E– ELFEXT. See ACR-F.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook –G– –I– Gainer event type, 7-39 example, 10-8 warning about negative loss, 7-46 gateway address, 11-5 Ghost event type, 7-38 example, 10-9 Ghost Source, 7-38 i –H– Half Duplex, 11-8, 11-10 hardware version, 1-25 HDTDR analyzer specifications, 14-24 using, 6-10 HDTDR/HDTDX results in Autotest results, 3-3 HDTDX analyzer specifications, 14-24 using, 6-7 help (customer support), 14-9 Hidden, 7-39 Hidden End, 7-41 horizontal link template, 2-25 coaxial
Index smart remote, 1-15 Knowledge Base, 1-2 –L– language, 1-16 Largest Event, 7-29 Launch Compensation markers on trace, 7-16 purpose, 7-11 types, 7-12 viewing settings, 7-13 Launch Event, 7-37 launch/receive fiber compensation, 7-11 purpose, 7-11 viewing compensation settings, 7-13 length coaxial, 5-10 diagnosing failures for twisted pair, 6-4 diagnosing fiber failures, 10-3 diagnosing twisted pair failures, 6-4 fiber loss/length result Loopback mode, 8-37 Smart Remote mode, 8-27 OTDR custom limit, 12-8
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook –M– maintenance, 14-1 mandrels, 8-12 Manual OTDR mode, 7-48 MDI/MDI-X, 11-8, 11-10 memory features and functions, 13-1 specifications, 14-37 status screen, 13-2 memory card capacity, 13-1, 14-37 care, 13-9 folders, 13-4 model features, 1-1, 14-11 modified 1 Jumper method, C-8 monitoring network traffic, 11-13 moving results, 13-7 MT-RJ, 8-18 –N– n loss/length test setting, 8-17 OTDR test setting, 7-19 N/A in LinkWare results, 3-13 negative loss loss me
Index Number of Pings, 11-5 Number of Splices, 8-15 Numeric Format, 1-27 NVP changing, 12-10 coaxial default, 5-3 resetting to default, 12-11 twisted pair default, 3-3 –O– open finding with the VFL, 9-3 Smart Remote mode, 8-24 twisted pair, 3-15, 6-2 Open (Smart Remote mode), 2-18, 8-22, 8-32, 8-42 Operator, 2-1 OptiFiber, 8-61 OTDR Auto/Manual mode, 7-10 bi-directional testing, 7-47 connection quality, 7-21 connections, 7-25 connector, 7-9 cradle, 7-6 cursors on trace, 7-34 custom limit, 12-8 details scre
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook patch cord See also test reference cord replacing fiber cords, 14-8 testing fiber, A-1 twisted pair, 3-2 Patch Lengths, 8-17 permanent link interface adapters, 1-20 test connections, 3-7 personality module, 1-23 Pin Reversal, 11-10 ping test entering addresses, 11-4 results, 11-12 running the test, 11-11 PoE indicator in network connectivity results, 11-8 testing for PoE, 11-6 testing through a PoE device, 4-1 Port Blink, 11-15 power powering the tester,
Index receive fiber.See launch/receive fiber.
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook fiber loss/length modules, 8-8 OTDR module, 7-8 twisted pair adapters, 1-24 sequential cable IDs, 2-23 serial cable (RS-232), 14-3 serial port, 14-38 service, 14-9 setup battery, 1-16 coaxial test settings, 5-3 fiber loss/length test, 8-14 language, 1-16 OTDR test, 7-18 twisted pair test settings, 3-3 user preferences, 1-27 Shielded, 14-13 short, 3-16 single tests coaxial, 5-11 fiber, 8-61 twisted pair, 3-32 Site, 2-1 Smart Remote mode Autotest, 8-24 ref
Index coaxial, 5-9 Far End Source mode, 8-46 Loopback mode, 8-37 Smart Remote mode, 8-27 twisted pair, 3-10 –T– talk mode, 1-33 Target Addresses, 11-4 templates for cable IDs, 2-25 Test Limit black limit line on plots, 3-13 coaxial, 5-3 custom loss/length, 12-5 OTDR, 12-7 twisted pair, 12-2 fiber loss/length, 8-14 new limit database, 14-6 OTDR, 7-18 twisted pair, 3-3 TEST METHOD descriptions, C-1 Test Method modified 1 Jumper method, C-8 names in standards, B-1 setting, 8-15 test reference cord inspecting
DTX Series CableAnalyzer Technical Reference Handbook results, 3-9 test settings, 3-3 tutorial on testing, 2-4 –U– Unknown coaxial impedance test, 5-10, 5-12 Smart Remote mode, 8-24 twisted pair impedance test, 3-17 updating the software, 14-2 with a memory card, 14-6 with a PC, 14-2 with another tester, 14-4 uploading results, 13-10 USB port, 14-38 Utilization, 11-14 –V– version, 1-25 visual fault locator (VFL), 9-1 –W– warnings fiber loss/length modules, 8-2 general, 1-8 OTDR details screens, 7-44 14
